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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Women – Abuse of – Religious aspects"
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Hahn, Judith. "Sex Offenses—Offensive Sex: Some Observations on the Recent Reform of Ecclesiastical Penal Law". Religions 13, nr 4 (7.04.2022): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13040332.
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In recent years, the sexual abuse of minors and vulnerable adults in the Catholic Church has received much attention. This is also true of the related changes to ecclesiastical legislation. Less attention, however, has been paid to other aspects of the reform. The revised penal law of the Code of Canon Law, in any case, demands closer study from the point of critical legal studies. It is striking that while the reform focused on improving the legal protection of minors, it also had rather detrimental effects on the legal standing of women in the church. Reading the revised law, it appears that the reform missed the chance to improve the legal situation of the mostly female adult victims of clerical sex offenses and abuses of power. It rather spotlighted “female” offenses such as abortion in contrast to typical “male” offenses such as homicide, and it moreover criminalized women who attempt ordination. Thus, the regulations of the reformed penal law not only generally leave the systemic causes of abuse untouched, but also establish norms which reinvent or even exacerbate abusive structures. The latter finally sustain clericalism and reinstitutionalize gender inequality, commonly identified as factors fostering abuse.
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Manurung, Weldon, i Junifer Dame Panjaitan. "Implementation Of Legal Protection Of Children And Women As Victims Of Sexual Crimes". International Journal of Social Research 1, nr 2 (25.12.2023): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/insight.v1i2.10.
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This research explores the multifaceted nature of sexuality, emphasizing its significance in human survival and development within the context of Indonesian society. The study delves into the negative aspects associated with sexuality, particularly sexual abuse, which manifests in various forms such as harassment, exploitation, and violence. Alarming levels of sexual abuse among adolescents are highlighted, with contributing factors ranging from the circulation of pornographic content to a lack of understanding of religious values and inadequate sex education. The patriarchal domination theory is introduced to underscore the unequal power dynamics that contribute to crimes against women and children. The empirical juridical method is employed to examine the legal protection afforded to children and women in the face of sexual crimes, encompassing both preventive and repressive measures. The Child Protection Law and related regulations serve as the legal framework for this protection. The research identifies factors influencing sexual crimes, including internal factors such as psychological and mental states, external factors like economic conditions and societal influences, and the role of victims. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of legal education and appropriate sanctions to address and prevent sexual crimes in the future.
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ALHUDEEB, Faeza Abdulameer Nayyef. "WOMEN IN MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATION". International Journal of Education and Language Studies 2, nr 04 (1.12.2021): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.4-2.2.
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The ancient Mesopotamia had ancient civilizations such as Babylonian and Sumerian, which provided many civilizational achievements, such as laws and legislation, which urged respect for women's rights and other legislations to protect such laws, such as the reforms of Prince Urkagina and the law of Hammurabi, which emphasis on some women's rights and dignity and curb violations of men's abuse. However, in most agricultural civilizations, especially the Mesopotamian, the status of women has declined in a patriarchal society. Men direct all aspects of life with their different diversities, make major decisions, and women have to obey this masculine authority. Father, or husband after marriage and family formation. Despite this, the status of women in Mesopotamia was much better than that of other ancient civilizations such as Greek and the Roman. Sumerian women had more rights than women had in the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian cultures. A Sumerian woman can own real estate, run a business alongside her husband, and can be a priest, a writer, a doctor,or act as a judge. It is a tribute to the representatives of the earthly Gods, and it is a source of pride for them. Service of the girls in the temples is also a pride for their fathers. Babel was unique in the way she treated women's rights and status. Babylonian society retained the traditions of the motherly era, and women often took precedence over men. Women were also allowed to enjoy different levels of independense, but they were always subject to men. The laws of Hammurabi presented first model of the laws in the entire ancient world. The status of women in the old Babylonian law has reached an important amount of social, human and legislative progress. Legislation on marriage, its forms, divorce, cases, abuse and marital irregularities, incest and adultery. As for the status of women in the Assyrians, their social status has declined compared to their status in the Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations. They were considered to be the property of men, and they have the right to deprive them of everything they own. Assyrians were also among the oldest religious peoples who subjected women to hijab and included head and face jackets. Only free women were permitted to wear headscarves, while odalisque wore hijab when they went out with their master.
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Siddique, Marriyam, i Syed Sibtain Hussain Shah. "Violence against Women: An Analysis of the Infirmed Legal System of Pakistan". Journal of Public Policy Practitioners 2, nr 2 (29.12.2023): 116–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jppp.22.06.
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In Pakistan, a woman's life is governed by the rigid norms of her extended family, faith, and tribal community. This paper aims to investigate the philosophy behind gender-based violence, particularly the violence against women and its related customary practices in different areas in Pakistan, in the backdrop of the infirmed legal system of the country. The authors employ descriptive method to scientifically address the concerned issue. The theory of social change, which broadly focuses on the problem, is additionally significant to probe the violence against women in Pakistan. Throughout the country, women are subjected to a wide range of detrimental customs, including forced marriages, religious conversions, and the exchange of women in marriage without their consent. This study looks into why gender-based violence persists in Pakistan, despite the establishment of the state in the name of Islam, a religion that emphasizes women’s equality and respect in the society. By examining all relevant aspects, the study concludes that customary laws are dominant over state legislation in protecting women from violence. The study determines that Pakistan's legal system is flawed, with significant gaps that must be filled by well-structured legislation to ensure women's safety from abuse.
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Sene, Moustapha Dome. "The Female Subject: From Objectification to Self-Essence in Nawal El Saadawi’s Woman at Point Zero (2008) and The Hidden Face of Eve (2016)". RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND CULTURAL STUDIES 9, nr 1 (16.10.2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/rjhcs.v9.no1.2023.pg1.7.
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The gender issue has long been a matter of great interest when it comes to deal with African Literature, the question of sex is a topical issue in the African cultural mainstream, born out of Man’s crooked rib”, Women are generally portrayed as weak, sensitive and dependent beings. That worldwide depiction of women is based on manifold aspects deeply rooted on cultural, traditional, societal and religious conceptions and beliefs which aspire to weaken women’s status and promote men’s authoritarian position. As a result, the growth of Patriarchy which represents a last straw which breaks the camel’s, women suffered physically and psychologically at once in an environment where their being are still wretched due to cruel practices: rape, female genital mutilation, child abuse, forced marriage to name but a few which they were liable to undergo from childhood to adulthood. In The Hidden Face of Eve as well as in Woman at Point Zero El Saadawi comes to unveil women’s burden to the entire audience where she portrays the African Arab World and the patriarchal dynamic as the fence leading out of opulence and subjugation. In her capacity as a Psychiatrist, Nawal, in her works analyses and spotlights women’s lives. However, as a feminist, Nawal undertakes significant canvas, paving the way for the real essence of the African Arab woman through education, dislocation and prostitution which constitutes a double-edged sword. This paper aims at spotlighting the phallocentric blooming process with its norms and how the power of the female body can lead to empowerment in foiling men’s strategies. Through that aesthetic woman can move from dependency to independency from unconsciousness to consciousness, from no one to someone then production creativity and intellection gather around their real being in the one oriented society that impede their essence
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Rabbani, Sifat E. "The Divine Women in Women Talking: Restorative Imagination for a Divine Becoming". Literary Voice 1, nr 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59136/lv.2023.1.1.101.
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This paper will examine how Miriam Toews’ 2018 novel, Women Talking builds on its initial themes of women’s subjugation to men, their systematic oppression through religion, and their inability to reclaim their lives, to ultimately evolve into an account of women’s emancipation and divine becoming through the exercise of their restorative imagination. The novel spans two days during which eight women from the ultra-religious and patriarchal Mennonite community of Molotschna in Bolivia engage in several discussions pertaining to different aspects of their lives. These conversations very casually unfold the horror of unimaginable cruelty in the name of religion and unforgiving patriarchy as practiced within their closed community. Keeping this bleak setting in the background, Women Talking is also a tale of these women’s divine becoming, as propounded by Luce Irigaray in her essay, “Divine Women.” The resilience showed on part of these broken and abused women and the unprecedented bold decision to which they collectively arrive towards the end of the novel, is a demonstration of the courage and restorative imagination that they unknowingly harbored within themselves, the exercise of which results ultimately in their divine becoming
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Dhahir, Sanna. "What It Means to Be Black in Saudi Arabia: Slavery and Racial Discrimination in Saudi Women’s Fiction". Arabica 70, nr 1-2 (3.07.2023): 113–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341655.
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Abstract Significant among the various taboos broken by contemporary Saudi women writers is the issue of slavery and its concomitant racial and colour prejudice. To explore the treatment of this subject, which remains strikingly understudied, this article focuses on three fictional works by two Saudi writers, Badriyya l-Bišr and Laylā l-Ǧuhanī, who have boldly faced a grave matter with complex psychological and socio-political aspects in order to expose and redress the oppression directed towards not only slaves but their descendants and other black-skinned individuals, male and female. My research argues that both writers, employing literature as a platform for reform, reveal that to a mainstream, tribe-conscious, colour-conscious Arabian culture, black skin can still signify and invite tacit and open forms of stigmatization, denigration, and abuse. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, coupled with textual analyses, this paper shows that the novels aim to restore legitimacy and dignity to a social segment long degraded and objectified due to their race and skin colour.
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Myers, Joanne E. "Enthusiastic Improvement: Mary Astell and Damaris Masham on Sociability". Hypatia 28, nr 3 (2013): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2012.01294.x.
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Many commentators have contrasted the way that sociability is theorized in the writings of Mary Astell and Damaris Masham, emphasizing the extent to which Masham is more interested in embodied, worldly existence. I argue, by contrast, that Astell's own interest in imagining a constitutively relational individual emerges once we pay attention to her use of religious texts and tropes. To explore the relevance of Astell's Christianity, I emphasize both how Astell's Christianity shapes her view of the individual's relation to society and how Masham's contrasting views can be analyzed through the lens of her charge that Astell is an “enthusiast.” In late seventeenth‐century England, “enthusiasm” was a term of abuse that, commentators have recently argued, could function polemically to dismiss those deemed either excessively social or antisocial. By accusing Astell of enthusiasm, I claim, Masham seeks to marginalize the relational self that Astell imagines and to promote a more instrumental view of social ties. I suggest some aspects of Astell's thought that may have struck contemporaries as “enthusiastic” and contrast her vision of the self with Masham's more hedonistic subject. I conclude that, although each woman differently configures the relation between self and society, they share a desire to imagine autonomy within a relational framework.
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Baranova, Ts S. "Historical background to preventing and preventing domestic violence". Legal horizons, nr 19 (2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i19.p7.
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The article is about exploring the historical background to countering and preventing domestic violence. It is established that the legal phenomenon under study has two components: an analysis of the causes of domestic violence and determining the location of each of the subjects covered by these relationships. It is concluded that, given the number of scientific works, the subject of which were separate elements of the mechanism of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence, it is more expedient to study this phenomenon through the prism of establishing the historical preconditions for its occurrence. Today, it is crucial to study the genesis of domestic violence by researching scientific, historical, and religious sources, legislation in contemporary Ukraine, analyzing current legislation, comparing the domestic and western history of the problem of domestic violence to further determine the factors and ways to overcome it. The purpose of the article is to investigate the historical aspects of domestic violence as a complex and historically stable phenomenon. The problem of domestic violence and prevention has been discussed for a long time, especially since the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Prevention of Domestic Violence» of November 15, 2001 No2789-III, however, scientists and practitioners have come to the conclusion that the existing legislative norms did not perform their functions properly , and in order to comply with international standards, today this topic is again actively discussed in society and for good reason because according to statistics released during the voting for the Law, over 3 million children in Ukraine annually observe acts of violence in the country. themselves or their forced participants, and nearly 70% of women are subjected to various forms of abuse and humiliation. And here it is important to understand that the legislator must not just implement international standards, and wait for change. The main task of the state - to realize each of their sections in reality, while achieving the goals of the law, namely: to create an effective system aimed at ensuring the prevention of criminal acts against violence, preventing them, stopping and punishing them for such actions, creating an effective system of crime investigation, ensuring the effectiveness of remedies for every domestic violence victim. Keywords: domestic violence, counteraction, prevention, fight against violence, causes.
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Gorsuch, Richard L. "Religious Aspects of Substance Abuse and Recovery". Journal of Social Issues 51, nr 2 (lipiec 1995): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01324.x.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Women – Abuse of – Religious aspects"
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Faleni, Mzukisi Welcome. "Hagar: case study of abuse of women". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1551_1254303991.
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According to modern standards, the narratives about Hagar in Genesis 16 and 21 are stories of abuse, as many feminist commentators have pointed out. Some of them, however, argue that the narrator condones what happened to Hagar, seeing it as perfectly normal. This thesis aims to investigate whether and how Hagar was abused according to the narrator of Genesis 16 and 21: 8-21.
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Lee, Elisa Petra. "Domestic violence in a faith-based setting". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3076.
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The focus of this study was domestic violence in a faith-based setting. The researcher utilized the constructivist approach in building a subjective understanding of the research topic and possible interventions.
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Petersen, Elizabeth. "Challenges experienced by clergy in dealing with domestic violence". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1331_1181561776.
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This thesis sought to explore the challenges experienced by selected clergy within the Anglican Church in dealing with domestic violence. The sample was drawn from the Diocese of Cape Town of the church of the Province of Southern Africa, based on the participants' experience of the phenomenon and their willingness to participate in the study. The researcher used face-to-face interviews utilizing a semi-structured interview guide for data collection. Questions were open-ended to allow for free flow of information. Because of the sensitive nature of the study, probing questions were followed up by responses to get in-depth perceptions and experiences of clergy's involvement in domestic violence. With reference to the ethical considerations in this study, all participants were thoroughly briefed before the interview with clear explanations of the goal, procedure and advantages of the study. Participants had the opportunity to withdraw at any stage of the interview as participation was completely voluntary.Consistent with literature, this study confirmed the complex nature of domestic violence. Participants experienced various challenges on different levels in the ministry pertaining to domestic violence.These challenges primarily related to the lack of training in dealing with real life issues such as domestic violence during their theological training, the lack of theological guidelines offered by the church to address patriarchal societal practices, beliefs and gender stereotyping, and the lack of guidance on contexual interpretation of Scriptures.
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Warren, Ann Marie. "Partner abuse: Health consequences to women". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5534/.
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Intimate partner violence is endemic in the United States. According to the American Medical Association (1992), one-fifth to one-third of women will sustain violence from a partner or ex-partner in their lifetime. The relevant literature was organized by ICD-9-CM categories. This study examined the health consequences of partner abuse in a sample of community women using a sample consisting of 564 women in three ethnic groups. Because prior research has failed to account for variations by type of abuse on health consequences, this study assessed psychological abuse, violence and sexual aggression by women's partners. To determine whether or not different types of abuse had an effect on women's health, hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. The regression equations were calculated for women within each ethnic group to facilitate identification of similarities and differences and to control for ethnic differences in risk for specific diseases. The results were consistent with past research on health consequences of abuse and extended the prior literature by showing that psychological abuse had a pervasive effect on health conditions, distress and use of health care resources. Additionally, ethnic differences emerged. As expected, ethnicity appeared to function as a moderator. Clinical implications and recommendations are made for future research, suggesting the development of a new assessment tool for partner abuse screening.
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Kasmed, Fa-eeza. "The identity alignment of Christian beliefs and homosexual orientation in adult women". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17658.
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The homosexual orientation has been controversial in many countries around the world, with religion often used as the foundation for critique against this orientation. The prevalence of discrimination, and the expectation of rejection, often results in homosexual individuals concealing their sexual identity. In the process homosexual individuals may deny, hide, or even discarded their authentic selves. However, some individuals reach a point of comfort with both these constructs of their identity, a position that supports the authentic self. The aim of this study is to explore and describe the process of how individuals who identify as both Christian and homosexual align these parts into their identity, to reach a place of comfort. The study further seeks to generate insight that can be used to assist individuals in similar positions of identity conflict. The study uses qualitative methodology, more specifically an exploratory- descriptive design. The sample is identified through non-probability purposive sampling, and data collected through semi- structured interviews. The data is analysed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) framework. Thematic analysis identified major themes of denial, conflict, anger, bargaining, deconstruction, and self- acceptance. These themes followed a non- linear and interactive process, and present participants reaching a place of comfort with their Christian beliefs and homosexual orientation; which is discussed through the interpretative lens of social constructionism and queer theory.
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Ishihara, Jean Emiko. "Levels of social intimacy among women in substance abuse treatment". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2880.
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This study found that women in substance abuse treatment have higher levels of social intimacy than women with no history of substance abuse (treatment). Other factors examined in relation to level of intimacy were: type and number of substances used, length of use, length of treatment, participation in mental health treatment, substance abuse in the home when the subject was a child, and a history of the subject being a survivor of abuse.
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Montgomery, Robert A., Tifani R. Fletcher, Andrea D. Clements i Beth A. Bailey. "Religious Commitment Predicts Substance Use in Pregnant Women". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7261.
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Introduction: Substance use, including cigarette smoking, while pregnant can lead to a plethora of health concerns for both the mother and unborn child including premature birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. Compared with women nationally, pregnant women in Tennessee are more than three times as likely to smoke during pregnancy. Preliminary findings suggest high levels of religious commitment may be reliable predictors of negative health behaviors. However, the association between religious commitment and substance use has not been thoroughly investigated in pregnant populations. Using a brief measure of religious commitment, it was hypothesized that pregnant women with higher levels of religious commitment would be significantly less likely to engage in cigarette smoking and other substance use. Methods: Participants included 654 pregnant women involved in the Tennessee Intervention for Pregnant Smokers program who completed multiple interviews during pregnancy. Of interest in the current investigation, participants’ religious commitment was measured using two items from the 12-item Surrender Scale, and a 1-item church attendance measure from the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality. Participants also completed a background information form assessing demographic characteristics, smoking habits, and drug use, with final substance use variables composites of both self-report and urine drug screen results. Results: Direct logistic regression was performed to assess associations between religious commitment and both smoking status (at conception and delivery) and other substance use. All models included level of education, age, marital status, and insurance status. The full direct model predicting smoking status at conception was statistically significant, χ2 (5, n = 654) = 178.76, p < .001, indicating the model could distinguish between participants who did and did not report smoking early in pregnancy. The model as a whole explained between 24% and 32% of the variance in smoking status, and correctly classified 71% of cases. All variables made statistically significant and unique contributions to the model, including religious commitment (OR=.857). A similar pattern was found in the model predicting smoking status at delivery χ2 = 157.01, p < .001. A third regression, using the same predictors, examining the impact of religious commitment on any illicit drug use prior to or during pregnancy, was also statistically significant, χ2 = 58.46, p < .001. Conclusions and Implications: In this sample, religious commitment predicted smoking status and other drug use during and prior to pregnancy. Inquiry into religious commitment as an additional gauge of health behaviors may be beneficial to healthcare professionals. Future research should investigate the possible mechanism of how religious commitment influences health behaviors in pregnancy.
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Sams-Iheme, Mira. "The psychological aspects of battered African-American women". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1996. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/AAIEP15793.
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There is sparse research on the battering phenomena as it relates to African-American women. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to determine whether a relationship existed between battering, depression and low levels of self-esteem in African-American women. Another purpose of this study was to obtain a profile of demographic characteristics of these battered African-American women.
The study was conducted in two battered women shelters located in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. The actual site locations were in Fulton and DeKalb counties. A quasi-experimental design was used. The non-random sample consisted of 53 African-American women who resided in the battered women shelters during the research period. The Beck Depression Inventory, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and the Questionnaire for Battered African- American women were administered. l Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Statistical procedures that were used to analyze the data from this study were frequency analysis and the Pearson R. The results indicated that there was a relationship between battering and depression in African- American women. There were also variations in the demographic data of these women.
Limitations of this research and implications for counselors are included. Recommendations for future research conclude this work.
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Cash, Jayne Michelle. "An Impact Study of the Safe Place Prayer Applied to Women Who Endured Childhood Sexual Abuse". Ashland Theological Seminary / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=atssem1589235228342027.
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Weeks, Kristie Graham 1952. "BIRTH ORDER AND PSYCHOLOGICAL POSITION OF ACADEMIC AND SUBSTANCE ABUSING WOMEN". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275557.
Pełny tekst źródłaKsiążki na temat "Women – Abuse of – Religious aspects"
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Religious Coaltion for a Moral Drug Policy. Reason, compassion, and the drug war: A statement by religious men and women. Washington, D.C: Religious Coalition for a Moral Drug Policy, 1991.
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Golding, Gail. Hands to end violence against women: A resource for congregational use. Toronto, Ont: Women's Inter-Church Council of Canada, 1988.
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Golding, Gail. Hands to end violence against women: A resource for theological education. Toronto, Ont: Women's Inter-Church Council of Canada, 1988.
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Clark, Kroeger Catherine, i Beck James R, red. Healing the hurting: Giving hope and help to abused women. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker, 1998.
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MacCallum-Paterson, Morton. Broken by you: Men's role in stopping woman abuse. Toronto: United Church Publishing House, 1995.
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Brady, Maureen. Daybreak: Meditations for women survivors of sexual abuse. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1991.
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Spitzer, Julie Ringold. When love is not enough: Spousal abuse in rabbinic and contemporary Judaism. New York, N.Y. (838 Fifth Ave., New York 10021): Women of Reform Judaism, National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, 1995.
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Spitzer, Julie Ringold. When love is not enough: Spousal abuse in rabbinic and contemporary Judaism. New York, N.Y. (838 Fifth Ave., New York 10021): Women of Reform Judaism, National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, 1991.
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Oduyoye, Mercy Amba. Religion and gender-based violence. Legon, Ghana: Legon Theological Studies Series in collaboration with Asempa Publishers, 2013.
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Ammah, Rabiatu, i Elizabeth Amoah. Too painful to tell: Women of faith against domestic violence. Accra-North, Ghana: Sam-Woode Ltd., 2004.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Women – Abuse of – Religious aspects"
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Suárez, Ana Lourdes. "Women religious victims of clergy abuse and perpetrators of abuse". W Abuse in the Latin American Church, 157–76. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003401513-15.
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Barker, Kim, i Olga Jurasz. "#MeToo, Sport, and Women: Foul, Own Goal, or Touchdown? Online Abuse of Women in Sport as a Contemporary Issue". W Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 71–93. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56452-9_4.
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AbstractOnline violence against women (OVAW), and online gender-based abuse more broadly, have been acknowledged at an international level as an obstacle to gender equality as well as women’s freedom of expression, positioning these phenomena as a concern from a human rights perspective. In particular, the scale, seriousness and the impact of social media abuse has raised questions about the appropriate legal protections for individuals from such forms of abuse and its harms. The world of sport has not been immune to the devasting impact of social media abuse, especially online hate, leading to a social media boycott within the British sport community in May 2021 as a protest against online hostility and discrimination. However, little action has been taken to date to address gender-based abuse and online misogyny directed at women in sport. Left unchecked and unaccounted for, instances of such online abuse reinforce the already existing structures and gender stereotypes that fuel gender-based hostility and violence against women. What is more, by being left unchallenged and allowed to play out in the very public context of professional sports, these behaviors become normalized, contributing to the continuum of violence against women, but doing so on a global and high-profile stage. While there have been controversial campaigns, such as taking the knee, there are few of any significance from the sporting world that address OVAW. Limited protections exist in terms of human rights, but little has been done by sporting bodies, sporting associations, and unions to add value to any initiatives aimed at tackling OVAW in sport. This chapter questions the role of sport in supporting the global action against violence against women, while also assessing the broader response to problems posed by online abuse, online harassment, and its gendered aspects. Do human rights protections go far enough? Is this an issue for sporting bodies, or is it an ‘athlete-only’ problem?
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Uslu, Dilek, i Serena Debonnet. "Sexual Aspects of Problematic Lactation". W Midwifery and Sexuality, 175–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18432-1_15.
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AbstractLactation can be an extremely beneficial factor in the bonding between mother and baby and can, at the same time, also impair the bond between the woman and her partner. On the other hand, breastfeeding can last longer when the partner is supportive. Therefore, to properly succeed, it is crucial to approach breastfeeding using a couple’s strategy. Good lactation is, for many women, also kind of proof of good motherhood. From that perspective, developments like pain during feeding, mastitis, or early breastfeeding cessation can easily have consequences for female identity and the couple’s sexual relationship.This chapter will elaborate on those areas. It will also provide information on breastfeeding in diseases like multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury, on breastfeeding after breast surgery and when there has been depression or abuse in the past. A small piece will elaborate on induced lactation in the woman who did not carry the pregnancy.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
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Slavič, Tanja Repič. "Sexual Effects of Trauma Experience on Pregnancy and Labour". W Midwifery and Sexuality, 283–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18432-1_24.
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AbstractSexual abuse can affect various areas of a person’s life. One is motherhood, with related factors like the decision to have a child, getting pregnant, pregnancy experience, delivery, and the postpartum period. In this chapter, we want to present how these areas may be related to the plight of women who have experienced the trauma of sexual abuse. Many aspects of this trauma are comparable to physical and emotional abuse. First, we theoretically explain how memories can affect the present, and then, based on clinical experience with sexually abused clients, we highlight the importance of the facts that should be known to anyone who encounters survivors in their work. Finally, we will add for health care professionals (HCPs) statements of women who shared what would be the most soothing to hear, with examples of specific sentences for HCPs to help promote emotional security and positive experiences.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
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Kochaniewicz, Agata. "‘Enough Is Enough’: Strike, Affective Solidarity and Belonging Among Migrant Women from Poland Living in Trondheim". W Struggles for Reproductive Justice in the Era of Anti-Genderism and Religious Fundamentalism, 39–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31260-1_3.
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AbstractThis chapter is about the political mobilisation of women from Poland living in Trondheim, in reaction to the Polish Constitutional Tribunal’s anti-abortion ruling, which triggered massive anti-governmental protests in many cities, towns and villages in Poland and abroad. Migrant women from Poland connected through online and offline networks to share their feelings of disappointment and anger, but also hope, and organised two solidarity strikes in Trondheim. Using the concepts of temporality, space, affective solidarity and belonging and looking at the solidarity strikes as a lens, the author reveals experiences, expectations and different aspects of the intersecting positionalities of women: as migrants, mothers, sisters and/or members of the LGBTQI+ community. She reflects on the questions that were addressed when the strike ‘travelled’ to Norway and how politics in Poland affected the everyday lives of women in Trondheim. She traces practices of solidarity and alliances and what they expose about the seams of temporality in the context of (un)belonging and local power asymmetries.
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García-Valero, Benito. "Chapter 26. Configuración neurocognitiva del ideal amoroso y castidad en las protagonistas de la novela griega". W The Reality of Women in the Universe of the Ancient Novel, 407–15. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ivitra.40.26gar.
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This chapter analyses the configuration of plots in Greek novels under the basic principle of material welfare and erotic desire as they are understood by Patrick Colm Hogan and under the notions of brain concepts formulated by the neurobiologist Semir Zeki. As a result, this paper considers Greek novels as an almost prototypical example of what is known as romantic tragicomedy. The Greek version of this genre focuses on stories of two young lovers who are forced to split their paths and undertake adventures before they can finally reunite again at the end of the plot, which is normally enabled by fate. In the configuration of these characters, the Zekian concept of unity-in-love is evident. In fact, according to Zeki, this concept is found in every culture due to biological reasons. On the other hand, fulfilling the ideal of unity-in-love entails the presence of moral values in these stories, like chastity or virginity, which determine the purity of the protagonists, very often challenged during the adventures of the heroine. These moral aspects imbue these novels with a religious value that may imply desires of ecstasy or death, being both ways for soothing the desire of reunion and for easing the fusion with the object of love.
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Deshingkar, Priya, i Doudou Dièye Gueye. "It’s a Journey That Only God Knows: Understanding Irregular Migration in Senegal Through a Religious Lens". W IMISCOE Research Series, 35–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97322-3_3.
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AbstractThe authors use the lens of religion to understand how migrants from Senegal embarking on high-risk journeys across the Sahara and the Atlantic conceptualise migration, cope with hardship and give meaning to their experiences. The paper aims to provide insights into religious belief systems and their intersection with the process of irregular migration and human smuggling from the impoverished Kolda region of Senegal. The research adds to the scant literature on how migrants draw on their spiritual beliefs in preparing for and enduring harrowing journeys with a high risk of harm and death. Migrants are aware of the risks as they receive information in real time from other migrants and also because many are returne migrants or deportees. But the risks do not deter them as they seek to fulfil their role as good family providers and heed the guidance of Marabout Islamic teachers rather than information campaigns to prevent irregular migration. The study also sheds light on hitherto under-recognised gendered aspects of the infrastructure of migration facilitation in Kolda: while migration is male dominated, women play a critical role in mobilising religious and financial support. The authors conclude that there is a mismatch between the way that migrants take decisions to migrate and the understanding of external agencies that continue efforts to dissuade them through risk information campaigns.
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Papalexopoulou, Elisavet. "Trans-Adriatic Enlightenments: Maria Petrettini’s Italian Translation of the Turkish Embassy Letters". W Gender and Cultural Mediation in the Long Eighteenth Century, 269–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46939-8_11.
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AbstractIn 1838, Maria Petrettini, a Greco-Venetian aristocrat, published a translation of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s Turkish Embassy Letters from English into Italian. In this paper, taking as a focal point Petrettini’s translation of the Letters, I aim to unravel the story of two parallel texts that challenged religious and political presuppositions. In the work of Petrettini and Montagu, the view of the Turk as a savage is deconstructed through a gendered perspective. The writer and the translator propose that a traveller can know a foreign land only if they are able to penetrate all aspects of public and private life; a feat that only a female scholar can accomplish. Apart from the importance of the Letters and their translation, focusing on a scholar like Maria Petrettini allows us to broaden our gaze to the intellectual possibilities available to high class women in the North-Eastern Mediterranean; the multiple strategies for women’s political representation within an era of Revolutions; the mosaic of religious, political and ethnic affiliations and the ways in which Enlightenment and Romantic ideas merged into each other within the framework of the Greco-Italian intellectual milieu providing us with a transcultural, trans-Adriatic Enlightenment.
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Noble, Carolyn. "Reconciling systemic abuse of children and young women with social work’s commitment to a human rights, transformative practice". W Social Work's Histories of Complicity and Resistance, 41–53. Policy Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447364276.003.0003.
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Forced removal of children, child migration and child adoptions have a long history in Australia. The systematic removal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (First Nation) children into state and religious institutional care, the forced migration of British children to Australia and the involuntary adoption of young unwed women’s children are features of the welfare landscape for more than 250 years of colonial rule. Known as the ‘forgotten ones’, ‘lost innocents’ or ‘stolen children’, these children experienced lifelong trauma and serious mental ill-health, leaving a trail of hurt rippling through the generations. The current forced, indefinite detention of children and their families in refugee camps is a punitive aspect of Australia’s current Immigration Detention policy. Children being held in these detention centres will experience the same long-term health and welfare impact of those before them. What is distressing about this legacy is that these atrocities are still occurring with the over-representation of First Nation children in the criminal justice system and the continued detention of children in detention camps with little or no attention from social work’s professional body. These past and current atrocities present social work with the challenge of how to deal with the consequences of these policies and institutional failings. An important step to tackle this issue is for the Australian Association for Social Workers and the international professional bodies to offer some form of acknowledgement, recompense and reflection on past hurts to protect clients from further harm and build trust in their work.
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"2 Aspects of Life in the Convent". W Medieval Religious Women in the Low Countries, 31–50. Boydell and Brewer, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781846151194-004.
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Aslandogan, Y. Alp, i Bekir Cinar. "A SUNNI MUSLIM SCHOLAR’S HUMANITARIAN AND RELIGIOUS REJECTION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CIVILIANS". W Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/yynr3033.
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This paper analyses the multi-faceted response of a Sunni-Hanafi scholar, Fethullah Gülen, to the phenomenon of violence against civilians under a religious rhetoric. Gülen’s response involves four components: (a) humanitarian, (b) religious, (c) political or realist, and (d) practical/educational. (a) Gülen categorically condemns acts of violence against innocent non-combatants including women and children as inhuman. (b) Gülen sets out the principles of Islamic jurisprudence that invalidate any declaration of war by individuals or groups: hence, such self-declared wars under the banner of Islam cannot be regarded as legitimate. He refutes ‘the end justifies the means’ argument, calling it a Marxist-Communist rhetoric, with no Islamic justification whatever. (c) While discussing misunderstanding, misrepresentation and abuse of religious texts, Gülen hints at the presence of individuals, interest groups, and other entities that benefit from friction and violent conflict. He suggests that the possibility should be considered that some individuals have been manipulated, perhaps even ‘hypnotised’ through special drugs, to carry out actions they would otherwise not carry out. (d) Gülen offers practical approaches to rooting out the problem of hate-mongering and violent conflict. The underlying dynamic of this approach is to provide, through education, mutual understanding, respect, opportunity and hope. Only educational institutions that foster inter- faith and intercultural dialogue, mutual understanding and respect, and offer hope of upward mobility, can provide lasting solutions. Concepts such as ‘love of creation due to the Creator’ can be located in every culture and spiritual tradition. Gülen’s own emphasis on Islamic spirituality provides an example that is particularly significant for Muslims: his argument against terrorism and for peaceful interfaith relations is based upon the authoritative view of the Sunni tradition, to which 90% of the world’s Muslims adhere.
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Jenko, Aladin. "Divorce problems Divorce from a man does not occur except in court model". W INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp238-250.
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"Divorce is considered a form of family disintegration that leads to the demolition of the family and family pillars after its construction through the marriage contract and then the termination of all social ties between husband and wife and often between their relatives. Divorce rates have risen to frightening levels that threaten our Islamic societies. Among the most important causes of divorce in our society are the following: The failure of one or both spouses in the process of adapting to the other through the different nature of the spouses and their personalities, the interference of the parents, the lack of harmony and compatibility between the spouses, the bad relationship and the large number of marital problems, the cultural openness, the absence of dialogue within the family. Several parties have sought to develop possible solutions to this dangerous phenomenon in our society, including: Establishment of advisory offices to reduce divorce by social and psychological specialists, and include the issue of divorce within the educational and educational curricula in a more concerned manner that shows the extent of the seriousness of divorce and its negative effects on the individual, family and society, and the development of an integrated policy that ensures the treatment of the causes and motives leading to divorce in the community, as well as holding conferences. Scientific and enlightening seminars and awareness workshops and the need for religious institutions and their media platforms to play a guiding and awareness role of the danger and effects of divorce on family construction and society, and to educate community members about the dangers of divorce and the importance of maintaining the husband’s bond and stability. As well as reviewing some marriage legislation and regulations, such as raising the age of marriage and reconsidering the issue of underage marriage, which is witnessing a rise in divorce rates. Among the proposed solutions is the demand to withdraw the power of divorce from the man's hands and place it in the hands of the judge, to prevent certain harm to women, or as a means to prevent the frequent occurrence of divorce. The last proposition created a problem that contradicts the stereotypical image of divorce in Islamic law, for which conditions and elements have been set, especially since Islamic Sharia is the main source of personal status laws in most Islamic countries. Therefore, the importance of this research is reflected in the study of this solution and its effectiveness as a means to prevent the spread of divorce, and not deviate from the pattern specified for it according to Sharia."
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Денисова, А. Д. "The Problem of Exploring the Religious Identity of the English Catholic Community in the Second Half of the XVIth Century". W Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/semconf.2023.3.3.007.
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В статье рассматривается религиозная идентичность членов английского католического сообщества как исследовательская проблема, включающая в себя множество аспектов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью определения основных противоречий, образовавшихся внутри католического сообщества, через призму религиозной идентичности для наиболее глубокого понимания процесса уверенного сохранения католицизма на территории Англии, повлиявшего на внешнюю и внутреннюю политику королевства и на занимаемое им место в политической системе Европы. Анализируются такие виды социальной идентичности, как гендерная, политическая и этническая во взаимосвязи с религиозной. Обращается внимание на тесное переплетение идентичностей, которое привело к образованию внутренних разногласий у католиков. Это позволило сделать вывод о трудностях, с которыми вынужден столкнуться ученый при исследовании религиозной идентичности в историческом контексте (определение понятия «религиозная идентичность, установление круга исторических источников, учет культурно-исторических реалий прошедшей эпохи). Автор отмечает, что возникший конфликт идентичностей занимает видное место в перечне поставленных исследовательских проблем, связанных с изучением религиозной идентичности. Конфликт идентичностей сыграл как позитивную, так и негативную роль в процессе сохранения католического сообщества. Он затормозил реакцию католиков на происходившие изменения, в редких случаях провоцировал на открытые столкновения католиков и королевскую власть, но в то же время способствовал возникновению принципа «двойной лояльности», пересмотру роли женщины в сохранении католических традиций, созданию устойчивых механизмов защиты через эмиграцию. Автор заключает, что использование междисциплинарного подхода позволяет раскрыть многие аспекты поставленной проблемы с позиции разных социальных и гуманитарных наук. This article examines the religious identity of members of the English Catholic community as a multi-faceted research problem. The relevance of the research stems from the need to identify the main contradictions formed within the Catholic community through the prism of religious identity in order to better understand the process of the confident persistence of Catholicism in England, which influenced the foreign and domestic policies of the kingdom and its place in the political system of Europe. Social identities such as gender, political and ethnic in relation to religious identity are analysed. Attention is drawn to the close intertwining of identities which has led to internal divisions among Catholics. This leads to conclusion about the number of difficulties that scholars have to face when studying religious identity in a historical context (defining the concept of religious identity, establishing the range of historical sources, taking into account the cultural and historical realities of the past era). The author notes that the emerged conflict of identities occupies a prominent place in the list of posed research problems associated with the study of religious identity. Identity conflict has played both a positive and a negative role in the process of preserving the Catholic community. It has inhibited the reactions of Catholics to the changes taking place, on rare occasions provoking open clashes between Catholics and royalty, but it has also contributed to the emergence of the principle of "dual loyalties", the redefinition of the role of women in the maintenance of Catholic traditions and the creation of sustainable protection mechanisms through emigration. The author concludes that the use of an interdisciplinary approach allows many aspects of the problem posed to be revealed from the perspective of different social and humanities disciplines.
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Zineb, BOUSSAID. "Suspicions about Women's Rights and Their Status in Islam Comparison between Islamic Discourse and Legal Covenants". W I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-20.
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There is no doubt that the world today is more interested than ever in the discourse of human rights that sheds light on the covenants and legal charters that govern this domain. Besides that, women are the pivotal pillar of the society; consequently, they are the primary concern in the human rights discourse of different generations. Subsequently, their personal, cultural, political, financial and social rights are recognized; furthermore, their rights are strengthened by official charters . Despite the fact that no one can deny the positive aspects of the human rights discourse related to the role and the status of women in society by spreading human rights awareness and building a strong relationship between men and women based on human considerations; nevertheless, real life is another world, it is paradoxical, declarations and covenants advocate for women’s rights, at the same time women suffer from violence, disrespect, and discrimination. In the era of rights, cultural openness, technological revolution and economic development, women are threatened more than ever by other ways of violence that directly target the natural instinct and the moral values by spreading abnormalities such as homosexuality and gender reassignment. These acts can also be seen in official discourses and adopted by official organizations and governments profiting from the lack of the moral discourse that should be undertaken by the monotheistic religions especially the Islam. Moreover, the human rights discourse accuses the religious discourse of violating women’s rights and raises a number of suspicions around it. This leads us to question the credibility and the effectiveness of the human rights discourse? And to look for the alternatives that the Islamic discourse can offer in order to remove all the suspicions raised around it. These are questions that I try to answer through this article by elucidating the essence of the Islamic discourse that works for spreading values and also to reply on the suspicions that have been raised about the status of women in the Islam. I decided to follow these steps: Introduction: defining the problem and determining the outlines. First: Instinct is a guide to family values and drawing up the relationship between men and women. Second: Polygamy. Third: Guardianship and Alimony responsibility for the family. Fourth: Guardianship in the Islamic marriage contract. Fifth: Females decrease in religion and mind. Sixth: The male has the equal of the portion of two females. Conclusion.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Women – Abuse of – Religious aspects"
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Iffat, Idris. Use of Online Space in Pakistan Targeting Women, Religious Minorities, Activists and Voices of Dissent. Institute of Development Studies, marzec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.071.
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There is ample evidence that online hate speech in Pakistan is directed against women, religious minorities, journalists, voices of dissent and activists. The targeting of many of these groups is an expansion online of the traditional hostility and abuse they face offline. However, the internet has made such abuse easier and online hate speech is growing as internet use rises in the country. Those responsible vary somewhat: women and religious minorities are typically targeted by religio-political parties and their followers, while journalists and activists are often targeted by government/the military. In all cases, online hate speech can have a serious offline impact, including physical violence, and restrictions on people’s freedom/ability to work/post online. This review, looking at online hate speech in Pakistan in relation to particular groups, draws largely on reports by think-tanks/NGOs as well as media articles and blogs. Relatively little academic literature was found on the subject, but grey literature was quite extensive, especially on certain religious minorities (Ahmadis) and women.
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M., K. Discrimination, Marginalisation and Targeting of Ahmadi Muslim Women in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2020.014.
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Ahmadi Muslims are criminalised for practising their faith in Pakistan which has resulted in widespread discrimination and continuous, sporadic acts of violence leading many to flee their cities or their country altogether. This is not always an option for those who are poor and socioeconomically excluded. A recent study into the experiences and issues faced by socioeconomically excluded women from the Ahmadiyya Muslim community has found that Ahmadi Muslim women in particular are marginalised, targeted, and discriminated against in all aspects of their lives, including in their lack of access to education and jobs, their inability to fully carry out their religious customs, day-to-day harassment, and violence and lack of representation in decision-making spaces.
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Lucas, Brian. Approaches to Implementing National Action Plans on Women, Peace and Security. Institute of Development Studies, luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.049.
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This report aims to identify a selection of programmes and projects undertaken by countries under their respective National Action Plans. It focuses on discrete, large-scale initiatives that specifically target aspects of the WPS agenda and aim to influence change outside the implementing agencies, rather than changing agencies’ own policies and practices. Common themes that appear frequently across these programmes and projects include: supporting global pools of technical capacity on WPS and on peacebuilding generally; training military, police, and other personnel from partner countries, including building women’s professional capacities as well as training personnel in WPS-related good practices; supporting WPS networks and forums to share experience and expertise; extensive use of multilateral mechanisms for channelling funding and for sharing technical capacity; extensive support to and collaboration with civil society organisations; initiatives focusing on combating violent extremism and counter-terrorism; initiatives focusing on preventing sexual exploitation and abuse in peacekeeping and humanitarian contexts; a wide range of commitments to stopping gender-based violence; and support for sexual and reproductive health initiatives. All of the countries discussed in this report also undertake considerable efforts to change policies and practices within their own agencies. In addition, all of the countries discussed in this report undertake a range of initiatives focused on individual countries; smaller donors, in particular, often focus many of their own programmes on single countries while using multilateral mechanisms to engage at the regional and global scales. However, in accordance with the terms of reference for this report, these types of activities are not discussed below. In the time available for this report, it was possible to review six countries’ activities. These countries were selected for inclusion because they had sufficient documentation readily accessible in the form of action plans, implementation plans, and progress reports; they are donor countries with significant international activities that may be considered peers to the UK; and/or they have been cited in the literature as being leaders in promoting the WPS agenda.
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Moore, Kirsten, i Debbie Rogow. Family planning and reproductive health: Briefing sheets for a gender analysis. Population Council, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1994.1011.
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This series of briefing sheets, developed by the Population Council, represents a starting point for the application of gender to the family planning (FP) and reproductive health (RH) arena. The information covers five key areas of RH: gender-based abuse, FP and gender issues among adolescents, sexuality and FP, men’s and women’s social and economic responsibilities for childrearing, and the complicated nexus between gender and FP/RH. In so doing, it provides a strong foundation for gender training. This concept was first developed to fulfill a need for gender training within the regional Operations Research/Technical Assistance Projects. To date, two such workshops have been funded by USAID. These activities not only reflect a clear commitment by USAID to the inclusion of gender in all aspects of programmatic planning and implementation but also to the empowerment of women in every phase of the development process. This tool will help guide program planners and policymakers toward making gender equity in FP and RH programs a reality for both women and men.
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Rohwerder, Brigitte. Inclusion of Marginalised Groups in Social Assistance in Crises. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.023.
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Leave no one behind is the central, transformative promise of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), aimed at reaching the poorest and combating discrimination and (multiple and intersecting) inequalities that undermine people’s human rights. The importance of leaving no one behind is vital in contexts of recurrent shocks, climate and humanitarian crises, protracted conflict, and forced displacement that cause disruption, deprivation, and a lack of access to basic needs. Crises often exacerbate existing inequalities and vulnerabilities for socially excluded and marginalised people, including women and girls, children and youth, older people, people with disabilities, ethnic and religious minorities, and sexual and gender minorities. Social assistance, in the form of government provided or humanitarian assistance, seeks to alleviate crisis impacts. The structures, systems, and barriers that exclude some people generally can also exclude them from social assistance in crises. Such exclusion, both before and during a crisis, can increase deprivation, reduce resilience to shocks, and exacerbate protection risks by increasing people’s vulnerability to exploitation and abuse. Crises, consequently, can disproportionately impact marginalised people. A lack of inclusive social assistance programming thus undermines rights, ethics, and effectiveness in crises – as explored in this summary briefing of the three BASIC Research working papers on inclusion.
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Rohwerder, Brigitte, i Carolina Szyp. The Risks and Outcomes of Getting Help for Marginalised People: Navigating Access to Social Assistance in Crises. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.007.
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Crises exacerbate existing inequalities and vulnerabilities for marginalised people, including women and girls, children and youth, older people, people with disabilities, ethnic and religious minorities, and sexual and gender minorities. Many of them face multiple and intersecting inequalities, especially people who are forcibly displaced. Social assistance seeks to alleviate crisis impacts by protecting vulnerable people and averting them from deprivation, but the same structures and systems that make some people more exposed (and excluded) generally can exclude them from social assistance in crises and further undermine their situation. There is substantial literature that already discusses the benefits and opportunities of social assistance generally. The added value of this paper is in examining the risks of navigating access to social assistance in crises for these marginalised people, and the positive and negative outcomes of accessing or not accessing this assistance. The existing evidence suggests that social assistance can improve marginalised people’s food security, help households meet their basic needs, reduce stress and household tensions, reduce gender-based violence, improve health, education, and wellbeing, and reduce negative coping mechanisms. However, it can also disrupt their social support mechanisms and expose them to violence and further risks. Such risks – some of which also apply to those who are excluded from social assistance, and which do not apply to all marginalised people all the time similarly – include neglect, discrimination, sexual exploitation and abuse, increased household and community tensions, gender-based violence, stigma, theft, and accessibility issues.
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Humanitarian Ration Cuts: Impacts on Vulnerable Groups. Institute of Development Studies, czerwiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.125.
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Humanitarian ration cuts have had a wide range of devastating impacts on individuals, households, groups, and communities, who rely on this aid for survival. Humanitarian rations can include in-kind transfers, food vouchers or cash transfers: the focus in this report is on in-kind food rations. This report discusses various impacts of humanitarian ration cuts on vulnerable groups, and on displaced persons as a whole—identified through a broad survey of academic, donor, and non-governmental organisation (NGO) literature and news reporting on different aspects of ration cuts. The focus is primarily on refugee populations and sub-groups of refugees, such as women and children. There was inadequate information on impacts on the elderly, persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ communities, and ethnic or religious minorities. The elderly and persons with disabilities are often overlooked in the design and implementation of programming; and in data collection (Jote & Tekle, 2022; Nisbet et al., 2022). Much of the literature also centres on sub-Saharan Africa.