Artykuły w czasopismach: „Wireline communication”

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Saxena, Saurabh. "Wireline communication: the backbone of data transfer". CSI Transactions on ICT 8, nr 2 (czerwiec 2020): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40012-020-00297-1.

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Gomez Diaz, Julian Camilo, Haotian Zhao, Yuanming Zhu, Samuel Palermo i Sebastian Hoyos. "Recurrent Neural Network Equalization for Wireline Communication Systems". IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 69, nr 4 (kwiecień 2022): 2116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2022.3152051.

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Singh, Saumya. "Analysis of Signal Processing for Gigabit Rate Wireline Communication". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr VI (15.06.2021): 1181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35165.

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In this paper we mainly focus on achieving higher speed data which is about 1Gb/s over short copper loops using G.Fast technology. The use of TDD and higher bandwidth are two key features in G.Fast. Short twisted pair cable models are used to operate at relatively wider bandwidth. At higher frequencies, the problem of FEXT crosstalk becomes dominant. So to overcome these issues we are using different crosstalk cancellation techniques using various cables which provide different data rates at different frequencies and distances. Performance analysis of various crosstalk cancelation techniques has been done in this paper.

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Rajeswari, S., Yarlagadda Srinivasulu i S. Thiyagarajan. "Relationship among Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty: With Special Reference to Wireline Telecom Sector (DSL Service)". Global Business Review 18, nr 4 (9.05.2017): 1041–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917692405.

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The last few decades have witnessed a greater transition in the communication sector due to the unpre- cedented innovations in technology. On the one hand, the emergence of broadband has rejuvenated and strengthened the wireline sector by making use of the existing wireline infrastructure. On the other hand, it has created an intense competition among the service providers. The competition has propelled the service providers to look beyond the idea of providing service and has forced them to consider other factors like establishing customer loyalty which stems out of customer satisfaction and service quality. Thus, the study aims to analyze the interrelationship among the above-mentioned factors with respect to digital subscriber line (DSL) service offered by the incumbent wireline operator in Puducherry. The study has found that customer satisfaction plays an intervening role between service quality and customer loyalty.

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Zhang, Yi Fan, Joshua Liang, Shayan Shahramian, Behzad Dehlaghi, Ryan Bespalko, Michael O'Farrel, Dustin Dunwell, Davide Tonietto i Anthony Chan Carusone. "Secondary Side-Channel Wireline Communication Using Transmitter Clock Frequency Modulation". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters 3 (2020): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lssc.2019.2959779.

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Salinas, Jhoan, Jeremy Cosson-Martin, Miad Laghaei, Hossein Shakiba i Ali Sheikholeslami. "Performance Comparison of Baseband Signaling and Discrete Multi-Tone for Wireline Communication". IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems 2 (2021): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2020.3041239.

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Salinas, Jhoan, Jeremy Cosson-Martin, Miad Laghaei, Hossein Shakiba i Ali Sheikholeslami. "Performance Comparison of Baseband Signaling and Discrete Multi-Tone for Wireline Communication". IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems 2 (2021): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2020.3041239.

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Molohkov, Dmitry, Andy Pietsch, Jack Harfoushian i Shahid Azizul Haq. "Application of formation pressure while drilling in Australia: North West Shelf examples". APPEA Journal 49, nr 2 (2009): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08041.

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Since its introduction in the 1950s, the point-by-point wireline formation pressure measurement technique has been successfully used for formation evaluation and reservoir management, and has been an essential input into reservoir models. In exploration and appraisal wells, where depletion has not yet affected the reservoir, vertical pressure profiling can be used for fluid gradient determination that may be interpreted in terms of fluid densities and contacts. In a dynamic producing environment pressure measurements can help to identify vertical and horizontal boundaries and communication. Measurement of pressure distribution along the borehole was historically done with wireline instruments or, in difficult logging conditions, with wireline instruments conveyed by drill pipe. In some environments, especially in highly deviated and S-shaped wells or unconsolidated formations, drill pipe conveyance of wireline formation pressure testers introduces significant operational risk. Formation Pressure While Drilling (FPWD), introduced in 2003, offers a new cost-effective solution for gathering formation pressure data. FPWD is a new method to directly measure formation pore pressure as the well is being drilled, extending its application beyond traditional fluid typing, contacts and compartmentalisation determination to well control and drilling optimisation. The market for FPWD is developing rapidly with all major service companies providing their own implementations of the technology. The next step in the evolution of FPWD technology—sampling while drilling—is not commercially available yet, but this is just a matter of time. The case history presented in this extended abstract is an example of the application and lessons learned from the FPWD service used in one of the oil fields on the North West Shelf, Australia.

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De Wit, Maxime, Simon Ooms, Bart Philippe, Yang Zhang i Patrick Reynaert. "Polymer Microwave Fibers: A New Approach That Blends Wireline, Optical, and Wireless Communication". IEEE Microwave Magazine 21, nr 1 (styczeń 2020): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2019.2945158.

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Dalmia, Hemlata, i Sanjeet K. Sinha. "Analog to Digital Converters (ADC): A Literature Review". E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401025.

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The signal processing is advancing day by day as its needs and in wireline/wireless communication technology from 2G to 4G cellular communication technology with CMOS scaling process. In this context the high-performance ADCs, analog to digital converters have snatched the attention in the field of digital signal processing. The primary emphasis is on low power approaches to circuits, algorithms and architectures that apply to wireless systems. Different techniques are used for reducing power consumption by using low power supply, reduced threshold voltage, scaling of transistors, etc. In this paper, we have discussed the different types and different techniques used for analog to digital conversion of signals considering several parameters.

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Li, Y., W. ‐H Cho, Y. Du, J. Du, P. ‐T Huang, S. J. Lee i M. ‐C F. Chang. "Carrier synchronisation for multiband RF interconnect (MRFI) to facilitate chip‐to‐chip wireline communication". Electronics Letters 52, nr 7 (kwiecień 2016): 535–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.3966.

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Pan, Jian Li, Shan Zhi Chen, Raj Jain i Subharthi Paul. "Energy Sensing and Monitoring Framework with an Integrated Communication Backbone in the Energy Efficient Intelligent Buildings". Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (luty 2013): 1460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1460.

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Building environments are significant sources of global energy consumption. To create energy efficient buildings, the first step is to sense and monitor all the energy-consuming appliances in the buildings and record all the energy consumption information. After that, appropriate energy saving policies can be decided and the instructions can be sent to the control devices to apply the energy saving adjustments. To do that, in-building two-way communication networks are needed to connect all the sensors to collect information as well as to send control instructions. However, most of the current devices are provided by separate manufacturers and with separate network infrastructures and so there is not much integration and interaction among different subsystems. In this paper, we envision a new energy sensing and monitoring framework with integrated communication backbone in the intelligent building environments. Specifically, through comprehensive comparisons and investigations, we study different candidate communicating media and protocols like wireline, wireless, and power-line communications technologies that potentially can be used in the intelligent buildings to realize the goals of coordination, integration, and energy efficiency. Also, we propose an extension "smart box" for integration of the devices before the maturity of the standardization process. Cloud computing and smart phone technologies are also introduced to realize the goals of improving energy efficiency and promote global sustainability.

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Prawira, Yudhi, Latifah Hanum i Muhammad Syaifuddin. "Osase Information System In Web-Based Operation And Device Monitoring At Pt. Telkom Indonesia Arnet Witel Division Medan". Journal of Information Systems and Technology Research 1, nr 2 (31.05.2022): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55537/jistr.v1i2.113.

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PT.Telkom Indonesia is a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) which is engaged in information and communication technology (ICT) services and telecommunications networks in Indonesia. Telkom provides fixed wireline services, fixed wireless telephone services, mobile telephone services, data/internet and other multimedia services. PT.Telkom Indonesia has an information technology-based information system that can support and support employee performance every day. This information technology is a Web-based OSASE Information System. This OSASE information system functions as an early warning against disturbances in the CME (Civil Mechanical Electrical) sub-division system.

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Hsieh, Ping-Hsuan, Chun-Ming Hsu i Yunzhi Dong. "Introduction to the Special Section on High-Speed Wireline and Optical Communication Circuits and Systems". IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems 2 (2021): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2020.3041108.

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Choudhary, Mohit Singh, Naga Surya Anjan Kumar Pudi, Jean-Michel Redoute i Maryam Shojaei Baghini. "A Methodology to Emulate the Effect of EMI in Circuit Simulators for Wireline Communication Channel". IEEE Letters on Electromagnetic Compatibility Practice and Applications 3, nr 3 (wrzesień 2021): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lemcpa.2021.3079803.

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Hsieh, Ping-Hsuan, Chun-Ming Hsu i Yunzhi Dong. "Introduction to the Special Section on High-Speed Wireline and Optical Communication Circuits and Systems". IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems 2 (2021): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2020.3041108.

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Geetha, Dr V., Dr C. K. Gomathy*, T. Harshitha i P. Vijay Nagendra Varma. "A Traffic Prediction for Intelligent Transportation System using Machine Learning". International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2021): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.d2426.0410421.

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Traffic control has been an issue for a long time from the past. The modern world demands Technology. Now a days cars are one of the main methods of improvement in technology. Intelligent Traffic System is also known as Intelligent Transportation System apply communication and information technology to find the solution for the Traffic control issues. Intelligent Transportation System represents the main problem in transportation. ITS is a program .it is used to improve the efficiency of transportation through advanced technologies by using sensors and communication. Some of the problems like Traffic congestion, Low safety can be solved through this Intelligent Transportation System by Using the Latest techniques in traffic management.ITS is improved by using wireless and wireline communication-based information, control and electronic technologies. Now a days overspeeding is a key issue in the traffic control system to overrule the issue. Dophler Phenomenon is used for speed measurement.

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Li, Yang, H. Anthony Chan i Johnson I. Agbinya. "Networking in Rural Environments: Benefits, Feasibilities, and Requirements". African Journal of Information & Communication Technology 2, nr 2 (17.07.2006): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajict.v2i2.325.

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Building networks in rural areas is difficult because of the tough rural environments and low return to the service operators on investment. Rural networking and their applications in education, health, community development, and business development are essential to the daily life for both inhabitants and visitors. They further bring opportunities in job and business which play a key role in developing most underdeveloped rural areas. Moreover, rural communication will grow with the initial investment in rural networking. It will become the major communication market and generate large profits to service operators and equipment manufacturers. Wireless networking is generally considered a solution to these difficulties in rural conditions. Compared with the wireline construction, setting up wireless networks is faster, more flexible, and less expensive. In addition, many new and advanced wireless technologies have enabled universal communication to rural and remote areas in a profitable manner. Yet special technological requirements need to be met for wireless networking to become feasible in rural areas.

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Soares, Marshall, Randy Normann i Bruce Ohme. "A 225C Geothermal Logging Tool". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, HiTEC (1.01.2016): 000028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016-hitec-28.

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Abstract Geothermal logging tools are difficult to develop due to sustained high temperature operation. Recent commercial component offerings are significantly altering the high temperature geothermal tool problem. This paper implements a new baseline geothermal tool circuit working with five 225C, SOI components. An example tool including up to four spinners (fluid flow measurement), four analog inputs (for pressure, temperature or other sensors), EEPROM storage (program and data), FSK logic (wireline data transmission), and a high-speed UART (tool communication). Field updates of code and calibration constants are supported. Further, this paper demonstrates how the tool electronics can be expanded for more complex applications such as a geothermal well logging camera.

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Liu, Dengbao, Lin He, Fujiang Lin, Ting Li i Yu-Kai Chou. "A Time-Interleaved Statistically-Driven Two-Step Flash ADC for High-Speed Wireline Applications". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, nr 07 (17.03.2017): 1750118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126617501183.

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This paper presents a statistically-driven two-step flash sub-analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to construct the high-speed time-interleaved ADC in wireline communication applications. The comparators in the flash sub-ADC are divided into the large probability first stage and the small probability second stage to take advantage of the nonuniform probability distribution of the input signal. At the first step of operation, the large probability first stage is activated while the small probability second stage is suspended. If the input signal is beyond the input range of the first stage, the segment selection signal will trigger proper segment in the second stage. Feed-forward equalization is proposed to manipulate the probability distribution of the ADC input signal. A possible implementation of the proposed ADC as well as the modulation and equalization scheme is presented to comply with the IEEE 802.3ap 10[Formula: see text]G Ethernet standard. In the case of a PAM-4 pseudorandom signal, the proposed solution achieves [Formula: see text] reduction on the average number of activated comparators compared to a conventional flash ADC.

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Biereigel, Stefan, Szymon Kulis, Paulo Moreira, Alexander Kölpin, Paul Leroux i Jeffrey Prinzie. "Radiation-Tolerant All-Digital PLL/CDR with Varactorless LC DCO in 65 nm CMOS". Electronics 10, nr 22 (10.11.2021): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10222741.

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This paper presents the first fully integrated radiation-tolerant All-Digital Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) and Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuit for wireline communication applications. Several radiation hardening techniques are proposed to achieve state-of-the-art immunity to Single-Event Effects (SEEs) up to 62.5 MeV cm2 mg−1 as well as tolerance to the Total Ionizing Dose (TID) exceeding 1.5 Grad. The LC Digitally Controlled Oscillator (DCO) is implemented without MOS varactors, avoiding the use of a highly SEE sensitive circuit element. The circuit is designed to operate at reference clock frequencies from 40 MHz to 320 MHz or at data rates from 40 Mbps to 320 Mbps and displays a jitter performance of 520 fs with a power dissipation of only 11 mW and an FOM of −235 dB.

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Mad Zahir, Mohamad Hafizal, Khairul Mustaqim Abdul Aziz, Ahmad Riza Ghazali i Abdul Halim Abdul Latiff. "Effectiveness of Fiber Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) in Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) Field Survey". Applied Sciences 13, nr 8 (16.04.2023): 5002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13085002.

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The evolution of fiber optic technology in the past few decades has led to significant advancements in various fields, including high-speed and long-distance communication, big data transport, optical imaging, and sensing. However, relatively few studies have examined the use of fiber optic sensors (FOSs) as point and distributed sensors in geophysics. Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a widely used method for subsurface imaging and monitoring in wells, specifically in Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) surveys. This method allows for detailed analysis of subsurface structures and properties of reservoirs. Four different strategies for deploying FOS cables in DAS VSP are evaluated and compared: cementing behind casing, cable behind inflatable liner, strapping to production tubing, and wireline deployment. Cementing the fiber behind casing is considered the most effective method for coupling with the formation. However, the other methods also have their own advantages and limitations. The fiber cable behind inflatable liner, for example, allows for accessibility to the fiber without affecting the acoustic signal, while strapping the fiber to production tubing can still record DAS signals; tubing noise and signal attenuation from the annular fluid, however, can make it difficult to differentiate from the seismic signal. Nonetheless, this method has the benefit of being simpler to deploy and replace in case of failure. Wireline deployment can pick up some acoustic signals in regions where the cable touches the well wall, but in vertical sections where the cable is not in contact with the wall, the signal is attenuated. Results from pilot tests in a field in Canada are discussed and evaluated, and suggestions for improving the VSP signal are provided.

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Yang, Min, Daoyong Yang i Andrew Chen. "Interpretation of formation permeability and pressure responses from wireline formation testing with consideration of interlayers". Interpretation 6, nr 4 (1.11.2018): T835—T847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2017-0087.1.

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We have developed a workflow to interpret formation permeability in a hydrocarbon reservoir with consideration of interlayers by numerically simulating the measured pump-out flow and pressure responses from wireline formation testing (WFT). With the field data obtained from a dual packer tool in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico, we have developed and validated a high-resolution numerical model to simulate the fluid-sampling process together with transient pressure. History matching has been performed with field data to assess the effective thickness and then interpret the permeability for each flow unit. In addition to generating eight cases under various configurations of laminated layers, we use pressure buildup derivatives obtained from packers and observation probes as a diagnosis tool to examine the effect of the interlayer on WFT measurements. Oil-based mud-filtrate invasion affects the early-time behavior of pressure transients because of the associated changes in fluid viscosity and compositions. Low vertical permeability can behave as a vertical barrier for the flow in a WFT tool, indicating the difference contrast in permeability between individual flow units. As for the field case, effective water horizontal permeabilities for tests 1 and 2 are 14.0 and 10.6 mD, respectively. Low vertical permeability results in a distortion in the derivatives, particularly during the transition between flow regimes. In a laminated reservoir, a radial flow regime will develop when the radial length of interlayer is greater than the vertical formation interval and when the complete circular shape of interlayer is formed. It is recommended that any observation probe be positioned in or below the interlayer to accurately define the vertical communication of interlayers and its configuration. If dual packers and observation probes are located in the same zone, their pressure responses exhibit the same flow regimes; otherwise, different pressure responses can be developed in the observation probes when a partially sealing interlayer exists.

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Famoriji, Oluwole John, i Thokozani Shongwe. "Transmission line characterization and modeling for electronic circuits and systems design". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, nr 2 (1.05.2023): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i2.pp730-738.

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Channel bandwidth-limited high-speed links or interfaces make circuit solutions not efficient. Both recent and subsequent links (SerDes-Serializer/Deserializer) design demand efficient and effective coupling between future circuit design, communication, and optimization. The challenges vary and new solutions are needed. In this article, an analytical wireline model is presented to predict electronic path loss towards adequate designs of electronic circuits and systems. An open loop system analysis is adapted in this paper. Our model was tested against different channels: a legacy channel with via stub discontinuity and FR4 dielectric, and a more recent microwave-engineered channel without stub and NELCO 6,000 dielectric, a very good matching attained. Good agreement was observed between our model and electromagnetic full-wave simulation data, as a result showed high level of applicability to thin-film microstrip line for adequate circuit design. The model is recommended for electronic engineers for adequate and faster interfaces and high-speed links designs.

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Cashion, Avery, i Grzegorz Cieslewki. "High Temperature Quadrature Amplitude Modulation over Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, HiTEN (1.07.2017): 000020–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4491.2017.hiten.20.

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As downhole tools advance, they require increasingly higher data rates in communication with the surface. Current data rates over HT single-conductor wireline are limited to approximately 200 kbps. Long cables and harsh environments create a limiting challenge to standard serial bit rates due to high cable impedance and component availability. Keying techniques are often used to improve the robustness and speed of data links over long cables. Frequency shift keying (FSK) is a common implementation where data is encoded by specific frequencies on the data line. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) and phase shift keying (PSK) work on similar principles. In this project we apply quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), a combination of PSK and ASK, and carry it over multiple frequency channels simultaneously using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). QAM over OFDM is a digital communications technique similar to those used in the telecommunications industry for digital subscriber line (DSL) connections and cellular networks. Using our data link, laboratory tests have demonstrated data rates of up to 3.8 Mbps over a 5000 ft (1524 m) single conductor wireline cable with less than 1e-8 bit error rate. Higher data rates are possible if error mitigation and correction coding is used. Gray encoding is an error mitigation technique where nearby points on the QAM constellation are similar in value so the errors are off only by least significant bits. A prototype point to point link protocol was developed in which the cable bandwidth is assessed empirically to optimize the OFDM by allowing for correction of cable distortion at each frequency independently. The protocol can enable use of the developed data link for a variety of tools with little to no changes by hiding all the complexity from the tool. Future versions of the protocol will automatically detect and correct transmission errors, allow for data buffering/retransmission and provide feedback as to the quality of the link. However, this new approach to the problem requires more complex computation to encode the data and signal generation electronics to produce the required waveform. One of the key challenges to full implementation of this concept on high temperature electronics is that a downhole fast Fourier transform (FFT) is required to decode the QAM information for downlink and an inverse FFT (IFFT) is required to efficiently encode data for uplink. The IFFT allows combination of multiple QAM data streams into a time series which can be converted to analog waveforms. High temperature testing of FFT and IFFT performance on the RelChip RC10001 microcontroller is included here. Also included here are the details of development of a high temperature digital to analog converter (DAC) to create composite signals and a high temperature line driver to boost analog signal transmission. This paper describes the communication architecture, the systems developed for high temperature implementation, and evaluations/implementations on high temperature computation devices.

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Elshahawi, Hani, Mohamed Naguib Hashem, Daniel McKinney, Mario Ardila i Cosan Ayan. "The Power of Real-Time Monitoring and Interpretation in Wireline Formation Testing-Case Studies". SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 10, nr 03 (1.06.2007): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/94708-pa.

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Summary Modern wireline formation testers (WFTs) are able to collect a massive amount of data at multiple depths, thus helping to quantify changes in rock and fluid properties along the wellbore, to define hydraulic flow units, and to understand the reservoir architecture. They are being used routinely in a wide range of applications spanning pressure and mobility profiling vs. depth, fluid sampling, downhole fluid analysis (DFA), interval pressure-transient testing (IPTT), and microfracturing. Because of the complex tool strings and the elaborate operational aspects involved in wireline formation testing, success requires detailed upfront planning and procedural design as well as real-time operational and interpretational support. It is becoming increasingly critical for operating and service company experts to remotely monitor and interpret WFT surveys in real time through Web-based systems. The importance of meeting all rock and fluid data-acquisition objectives cannot be overstated, given the high cost of offshore operations and the implications of obtaining false or misleading information. The main objective of real-time monitoring remains to assure that the planned data are acquired according to pre-established procedures and contingency plans. However, even in developed reservoirs, unexpected circumstances arise, requiring immediate response and modifications to the preplanned job procedures. Unexpectedly low or high mobilities, probe plugging, unanticipated fluid types, the presence of multiple phases, and excessive fluid contamination are but a few examples of such circumstances that would require real-time decision making and procedural modifications. Real-time decisions may include acquiring more pressure data points, extending sampling depths to several zones, extending or shortening sampling times, and repeating microhydraulic fracture reopening/closure cycles, as well as real-time permeability, composition, or anisotropy interpretation to determine optimum transient durations. This paper describes several examples of formation tester surveys that have been remotely monitored in real time to ensure that all WFT evaluation objectives are met. The power of real-time monitoring and interpretation will be illustrated through these case studies. Introduction WFT has become a standard part of the evaluation program of most newly drilled wells, but the objectives vary from offshore deepwater exploration and appraisal wells to old cased-hole and development wells later in the life of a field. Given the wide range of applications and combinations, each WFT evaluation program is unique. Some may include only a pressure-gradient survey for reservoir depletion and communication information, whereas others may seek information on the precise nature of the hydrocarbon fluids and water in terms of chemical and physical properties, phase behavior, and commingling tendencies. Cased-hole surveys might look for bypassed hydrocarbon zones or have objectives that could not be achieved during the openhole phase. Regardless of the type of survey performed, understanding the exploration and appraisal or field-development objectives and translating these into acquisition objectives is essential for success. Figs. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate the real-time monitoring concept. Real-time data are viewable by authorized personnel anywhere around the world, thus allowing virtual collaboration between field staff and off-site service- and operating-company experts throughout the operation. This paper includes several examples of WFT surveys that were monitored and supervised in real time. The cases presented span the entire spectrum of WFT applications including pressures, gradients, sampling, downhole fluid analysis (DFA), IPTT, and microfracturing. The power of real time monitoring and interpretation is clearly illustrated by these examples.

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Chun, Yusang, i Tejasvi Anand. "An ISI-Resilient Data Encoding for Equalizer-Free Wireline Communication—Dicode Encoding and Error Correction for 24.2-dB Loss With 2.56 pJ/bit". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 55, nr 3 (marzec 2020): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2959487.

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Kiran, Shiva, Shengchang Cai, Yuanming Zhu, Sebastain Hoyos i Samuel Palermo. "Digital Equalization With ADC-Based Receivers: Two Important Roles Played by Digital Signal Processingin Designing Analog-to-Digital-Converter-Based Wireline Communication Receivers". IEEE Microwave Magazine 20, nr 5 (maj 2019): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2019.2898025.

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Carpenter, Chris. "Casing Leak Repair Allows Continued Hydraulic Fracturing". Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, nr 06 (1.06.2023): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0623-0052-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 212933, “Casing Leak Repair To Continue Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation,” by Gaston Oscar Ciminari, Gonzalo Cabo, SPE, and German Rimondi, Pluspetrol, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ The authors introduce a successful alternative for repairing casing failures on an unconventional well that allows hydraulic fracture continuity to accomplish the original fracturing plan, considering well-integrity conditions throughout the entirety of well production life as the main intervention objective. The resulting well production was higher than the expected estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) for the landing zone. Introduction In December 2020, during the execution of hydraulic fracturing on a three-well pad in the Vaca Muerta unconventional shale reservoir, an annular communication suddenly occurred in one of the wells. This event took place during the execution of the ninth fracturing stage of 33 planned. After a thorough pressure analysis of this event and verification that all pressure barriers were correct and in place, it was decided to stop fracturing treatments in this well and complete pending fracturing stages in the other two wells of the pad until the problem was well understood and a solution was found. Diagnostics The initial good condition of the well barrier was verified by a positive casing-integrity test (CIT) at 13,000 psi before the first fracturing pump. Maximum treatment pressure was kept under the CIT pressure, with an acceptable safety factor margin maintaining the well with annular communication, and was continuously pressure monitored. Once the fracturing fleet finished the intervention and left the pad, the engineering focus of the completion was oriented to determine the location and geometric characteristics of the casing leak. It was decided to start from the simplest to most-complex diagnostics interventions. The diagnostics interventions, and their results, are detailed in the complete paper. A bullheading pumping test was executed, and an increase in Section B pressure was observed. This showed clear communication between both sections. During circulation tests, it was observed that, by reducing pressure in Section B, Section A pressure response followed the pressure trend; opposite pressure changes in Section A, however, did not reflect on Section B pressure changes. Based on flow-test behavior, it was believed that a casing mechanical failure with a flow area of 0.044 in.2, equivalent to a 0.23-in. orifice, was the reason for the annular communication. With the aid of a coiled tubing (CT) unit and a bottomhole assembly (BHA) principally conformed with a multiple-set mechanical packer, it was possible to apply testing pressure below and above the packer seals at different depths to confirm the casing-leak position. A unique failure was located in the zone between 998 and 1002 m. A casing joint was located at 999.5 m; thus, it was assumed that a mechanical problem existed on this casing-joint connection. A wireline BHA composed of an injection-logging tool and a temperature sensor was used to reduce the zone of uncertainty. As a result of this log, the failure zone was located between 999.4 and 1000.4 m. The failure evidently was near the joint but not in it. Immediately after well-fluid changeout, the real-time downhole camera was run on wireline and showed what appeared to be a small hole 1 ft over the casing joint.

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Oh, Dong-Ryeol. "A 6-Bit 20 GS/s Time-Interleaved Two-Step Flash ADC in 40 nm CMOS". Electronics 11, nr 19 (25.09.2022): 3052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193052.

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A 6-bit 20 GS/s 16-channel time-interleaved (TI) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using a two-step flash ADC with a sample-and-hold (S/H) sharing technique and a gain-boosted voltage-to-time converter (VTC) is presented for high-speed wireline communication systems. By sharing one S/H between coarse and fine stages in the two-step flash ADC, the input bandwidth as well as area and power efficiency can be improved without a gain error between coarse and fine ADCs. Thanks to an eight-time interpolation using the gain-boosted VTC, the fine ADC has a small gate capacitance without a speed penalty, even in a small input voltage range. A prototype ADC implemented in a 40 nm CMOS process occupies a 0.1 mm2 active area. The measured differential non-linearity (DNL) and integral non-linearity (INL) after offset and gain calibrations were 0.45 and 0.39 least significant bit (LSB), respectively. With a 9.042 GHz input, the measured signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) and the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) were 30.12 and 40.23 dB, respectively. The small input capacitance of the sub-ADC enables a power-efficient track-and-hold amplifier (THA), resulting in a power consumption of 56.2 mW under a supply voltage of 0.9 V. The prototype ADC achieves a figure of merit (FoM) of 107.4 fJ/conversion-step at 20 GS/s.

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Heryasa, Taufik, i Atik Purmiyati. "Analysis of The Effect of Information and Communication Technology on the Production of Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia". Media Trend 17, nr 2 (29.12.2022): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/mediatrend.v17i2.14599.

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At present, the Indonesian business world is still dominated by Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE). From the results of the 2016-Advanced Economic Census, the number of these businesses reached more than 26 million businesses or 98.68 percent of the total non-agricultural businesses in Indonesia. This business is also able to absorb more than 59 million workers or around 75.33 percent of the total non-agricultural workforce. The advantages of MSEs include generally producing consumer goods and services that are close to the needs of the community, not relying on imported raw materials and more utilizing local resources both in terms of human resources, capital, raw materials, and equipment, and using their own capital or not supported by loans. from the bank. On the other hand, the limitations of MSEs include the lack of access to banking, the ability and knowledge of human resources that are still low so that they are managed in a simple way, the use of limited technology, and has not been able to keep up with changing consumer tastes, especially those that are export-oriented. The rapid development of information and communication technology has an impact on changes in lifestyle, including consumption patterns and the way people sell and shop. The phenomenon of e-commerce provides an easy way to shop for people by not having to come directly to the store. This can be used by MSEs to reach larger consumers so as to increase their production and income. This study aims to analyze the effect of Information and Communication Technology on the production of Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia. This study uses panel data from 34 provinces in Indonesia between 2015-2020 which is estimated using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results show that capital, labor, computer users, fixed wireline users, cellular phone users, internet users and telecommunications expenses simultaneously have a positive and significant impact on the production of Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia. Partially, capital has a positive and significant effect on the production of Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia. On the other hand, telecommunications spending has a negative and insignificant effect on the production of Micro and Small Enterprises in Indonesia. While other variables have a positive and insignificant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. With these results, it is hoped that the government will issue policies to support micro and small businesses in increasing the use of information and communication technology to increase their production. Among other things, by building telecommunications infrastructure in areas that are not yet adequate, providing education to micro and small business actors in using information and communication technology, and providing light credit in the form of smartphones and computers to micro and small businesses so that they can be used to promote their products on the internet.

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Jeong, Gyu-Seob, Byungjun Kang, Haram Ju, Kwanseo Park i Deog-Kyoon Jeong. "A Modulo-FIR Equalizer for Wireline Communications". IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 66, nr 11 (listopad 2019): 4278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2923636.

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Pouderoux, Hugo F., Per K. Pedersen i Adam B. Coderre. "Fluvial reservoirs stacked in thin deltaic successions of the Lower Cretaceous Grand Rapids Formation, east-central Alberta, Canada". Interpretation 3, nr 4 (1.11.2015): T207—T232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0100.1.

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The Manatokan Field in east-central Alberta offers a unique opportunity to characterize paralic sandstone reservoirs in 3D using a dense network of well data (approximately [Formula: see text]). Within the [Formula: see text] study area, the 100-m thick Lower Cretaceous Grand Rapids Formation is dominantly composed of sediment deposited in two depositional environments: river-dominated deltas and marine-influenced fluvial rivers. Up to 33 individual fluvial bodies, occurring at five stratigraphic levels and eroding into deltaic parasequences, are identified in the oil-charged upper part of the formation. The width and thickness of fluvial bodies typically range from 50 to 9000 m and from 5 to 50 m, respectively. Examination of cores, wireline logs, and strategically located 3D seismic data indicates that fluvial bodies are dominantly filled by inclined heterolithic deposits emplaced as downflow translation point bars (PBs) separated by mud-filled abandoned channels. Although individual PBs are relatively small ([Formula: see text]), the dense subsurface data set provides the means to build facies maps that illustrate their internal architecture and the distribution of reservoir heterogeneities. Reservoir-quality sandstone occurs on the upstream portion of PBs and usually forms continuous beds along the base of fluvial bodies that extend underneath abandoned channel deposits. High reservoir connectivity along the base of these heterolithic fluvial bodies constitutes a major advantage for heavy oil reservoir production driven by gravity. Core evidences also indicate potential communication between fluvial bodies and surrounding deltaic sandstones or older underlying fluvial reservoirs, which may lead to unexpected results during field development. The Grand Rapids Formation provides a good subsurface analogue of complex marginal-marine clastic reservoirs, and its study may help to explain unanticipated production results in similar hydrocarbon areas.

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Lazaropoulos, Athanasios G. "Towards Modal Integration of Overhead and Underground Low-Voltage and Medium-Voltage Power Line Communication Channels in the Smart Grid Landscape: Model Expansion, Broadband Signal Transmission Characteristics, and Statistical Performance Metrics (Invited Paper)". ISRN Signal Processing 2012 (16.10.2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/121628.

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The established statistical analysis, already used to treat overhead transmission power grid networks, is now implemented to examine the factors influencing modal transmission characteristics and modal statistical performance metrics of overhead and underground low-voltage/broadband over power lines (LV/BPL) and medium-voltage/broadband over power lines (MV/BPL) channels associated with power distribution in smart grid (SG) networks. The novelty of this paper is threefold. First, a refined multidimensional chain scattering matrix (TM2) method suitable for overhead and underground LV/BPL and MV/BPL modal channels is evaluated against other relative theoretical and experimental proven models. Second, applying TM2 method, the end-to-end modal channel attenuation of various LV/BPL and MV/BPL multiconductor transmission line (MTL) configurations is determined. The LV/BPL and MV/BPL transmission channels are investigated with regard to their spectral behavior and their end-to-end modal channel attenuation. It is found that the above features depend drastically on the frequency, the type of power grid, the mode considered, the MTL configuration, the physical properties of the cables used, the end-to-end distance, and the number, the electrical length, and the terminations of the branches encountered along the end-to-end BPL signal propagation. Third, the statistical properties of various overhead and underground LV/BPL and MV/BPL modal channels are investigated revealing the correlation between end-to-end modal channel attenuation and modal root-mean-square delay spread (RMS-DS). Already verified in the case of overhead high-voltage (HV) BPL systems, this fundamental property of several wireline systems is also modally validated against relevant sets of field measurements, numerical results, and recently proposed statistical channel models for various overhead and underground LV/BPL and MV/BPL channels. Based on this common inherent attribute of either transmission or distribution BPL networks, new unified regression trend line is proposed giving a further boost towards BPL system intraoperability. A consequence of this paper is that it aids in gaining a better understanding of the range and coverage that BPL solutions can achieve; a preliminary step toward the system symbiosis between BPL systems and other broadband technologies in an SG environment.

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Magesacher, Thomas, Per Ödling, Per Ola Börjesson i Shlomo Shamai (Shitz). "Information rate bounds in common-mode aided wireline communications". European Transactions on Telecommunications 17, nr 5 (2006): 533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.1071.

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Sappington, David E. M., i Donald K. Stockdale. "The Federal Communications Commission's Competition Policy and Marketing's Information Technology Revolution". Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 22, nr 1 (kwiecień 2003): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.22.1.26.17622.

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The Federal Communications Commission's competition policy can affect the speed, scale, and scope of marketing's information technology revolution. This article reviews key policy issues before the commission and describes related research projects. The key issues pertain to wireline competition policy, broadband policy, and spectrum policy.

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Myachin, Valentin, Olena Yudina i Oleksandr Myroshnychenko. "FUZZY-LOGICAL EXPERT SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES". Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, nr 4 (27.09.2021): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-4-123-135.

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The purpose of this study is to build a fuzzy expert system for assessing the financial component of the economic security of telecommunications enterprises. The methodological basis of the research is founded on scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading experts in the field of financial analysis and modeling of economic processes, as well as statistical and financial reporting data that are publicly available. To construct an integral indicator of the financial security of an enterprise, a fuzzy conclusion is used. Three financial indicators are used as input variables. The first indicator X1 is the Current Ratio (CR). The second indicator X2 is Equity Ratio (ER). The third indicator is Return on Assets (ROA). The output variable is defined as an indicator of the financial security of an enterprise Y123 (FS). Both the input variables and the output variable are converted to fuzziness by constructing membership functions. The type and parameters of the affiliation function are justified, and the bell-shaped affiliation function is chosen to describe the uncertainty of values that fall under the normal distribution. The quantity of fuzzy sets at every input is considered as z=3 and the quantity of input variables is considered as ω=3. To achieve completeness of the model, the quantity of logic rules is considered as r=33=9. To calculate a degree of market concentration, Mamdani fuzzy conclusion is applied. Defuzzification is engaged to calculate the value of the output variable Y123(FS) for an indicator that determines the degree of financial security of an enterprise and, as a result, the degree of its economic security. To assess the level of the financial security indicator of an enterprise, a fuzzy expert system is constructed. The fuzzy expert system allows you to use various indicators thanks to the fuzzy logic methodology, which takes into account the fuzziness of input variables and output variables as much as possible. For the three telecommunications companies whose core business is wireline communication, ratios are calculated based on financial reports. Financial coefficients are used to determine the integral indicator of financial security of enterprises. This indicator can be characterized by both numerical values and linguistic terms.

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Tamura, Hirotaka. "Looking to the Future: Projected Requirements for Wireline Communications Technology". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 7, nr 4 (2015): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2015.2477017.

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Choi, Byong-Sam, Byong-Hun Ahn i Yong-Sam Park. "Cross ownership of wireline and wireless communications carriers: synergy or collusion?" Information Economics and Policy 15, nr 4 (grudzień 2003): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6245(03)00024-6.

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Constantine, Andrew, Glenn Morgan i Randall Taylor. "The Halladale and Black Watch gas fields—drilling AVO anomalies along Victoria's Shipwreck Coast". APPEA Journal 49, nr 1 (2009): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08008.

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The Halladale and Black Watch fields are adjacent fault-dependent gas accumulations at the Turonian Waarre Formation level situated in the eastern Otway Basin, about 4–5 km from shore in VIC/RL2(v). The two fields were first identified in 2002 when anomalous seismic amplitudes were observed on the tail-ends of several 90s-vintage 2D lines that extended into what was then vacant acreage. After being awarded the block as VIC/P37(v) Origin Energy Limited and its joint venture (JV) partner, Woodside Energy Limited, acquired a 211 km2 full-fold 3D seismic survey over the anomalous amplitudes in late 2003. Subsequent analysis of the seismic volume revealed two tilted fault blocks with strong amplitude variation with offset (AVO) anomalies in the Waarre A and Waarre C units that conformed to structure and appeared to shut off at the same depth. A similar AVO anomaly was also observed in the overlying Santonian Nullawarre Formation, raising the possibility that Halladale and/or Black Watch had leaked or were leaking. In early 2005, the VIC/P37(v) JV drilled two exploration wells targetting the key Waarre C reservoir on the eastern flank of Halladale and eastern crest of Black Watch. Both wells encountered live gas columns in the Waarre C but no GWCs were observed on logs and wireline pressure data indicated the two fields were not in pressure communication. A third well was then drilled down-dip of the Waarre C AVO shut off on the Halladale fault block to obtain a water gradient from the Waarre C. This well proved invaluable in determining the height of the gas columns in the Waarre C at both fields as it showed the gas-water contacts (GWCs) at Halladale (1,760 mSS) and Black Watch (1,770 mSS) were shallow to their respective AVO shut offs by about 20 m and 10 m respectively. Subsequent analysis of shear wave sonic data from the third well indicated there is a 17 m residual gas column at the base of the Halladale Field. This suggests Halladale either leaked slightly at some time in the past or is still leaking. A similar scenario may also occur at Black Watch. Given the close proximity of the two fields to the coast, development scenarios from onshore are now being considered.

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Baries, Bernard F. "Speech recognition system for electronic switches in a non-wireline communications network". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, nr 4 (kwiecień 1998): 1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.421063.

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Razavi, Behzad. "Historical Trends in Wireline Communications: 60? Improvement in Speed in 20 Years". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Magazine 7, nr 4 (2015): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mssc.2015.2477016.

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Frieden, Rob. "Universal personal communications in the new telecommunications world order: Access to wireline networks". Telecommunications Policy 19, nr 1 (styczeń 1995): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-5961(94)00006-e.

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Gu, Youzhi, Xinjie Feng, Runze Chi, Jiangfeng Wu i Yongzhen Chen. "A Digital Bang-Bang Clock and Data Recovery Circuit Combined with ADC-Based Wireline Receiver". Electronics 11, nr 21 (27.10.2022): 3489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213489.

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With the great increases in data transmission rate requirements, analog-to-digital converter (ADC)-based wireline receivers have received more and more attention due to their flexible and powerful equalization capabilities. Considering power consumption, baud-rate Mueller–Muller clock and data recovery (MM-CDR) circuits are widely used in ADC-based wireline receivers since MM-CDR circuits only need one sample signal per unit interval (UI). However, MM-CDR circuits need to set an additional Vref voltage to match the size of the main tap of the channel. If the Vref matching is not appropriate or the signal quality is good as a square wave, MM-CDR circuits cannot accurately lock on to a certain phase and instead drift within a phase range. Therefore, MM-CDR circuits are not as robust and stable as oversampled CDR circuits. In this study, a digital bang-bang clock and data recovery (DBB-CDR) circuit combined with an ADC-based wireline receiver was proposed. The DBB-CDR circuit could eliminate various unstable factors of MM-CDR circuits and achieve fast and robust phase locking without excessively increasing power consumption. A model of the DBB-CDR circuit was combined with an actual 32 Gb/s ADC-based wireline receiver, which was implemented in 28 nm CMOS technology to analyze the performance of the DBB-CDR circuit. The simulation results showed that the DBB-CDR circuit could achieve 0.42 UIpp JTOL@10MHz, and that the minimum JTOL value was 0.362 UIpp under a 0.04 UI variance of Gaussian jitter. The area and power consumption of the DBB-CDR circuit were only 64 μm2 and 0.02 mW, respectively; and the DBB-CDR circuit could also obtain very stable phase locking and demonstrated a fast frequency offset tracking ability when there was a frequency offset.

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Cheng, Yu, Wei Song, Weihua Zhuang, Alberto Leon-Garcia i Rose Qingyang Hu. "Efficient Resource Allocation for Policy-Based Wireless/Wireline Interworking". Mobile Networks and Applications 11, nr 5 (23.05.2006): 661–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-006-7794-9.

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Chubukjian, Arto, Josef Benger, Roald Otnes i Brian Kasper. "Potential effects of broadband wireline telecommunications on the HF spectrum". IEEE Communications Magazine 46, nr 11 (listopad 2008): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4689244.

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Crussiere, M., J. Y. Baudais i J. F. Helard. "Adaptive spread-spectrum multicarrier multiple-access over wirelines". IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 24, nr 7 (lipiec 2006): 1377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2006.874425.

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Meisel, John B. "Can Big Wireline Broadband Internet Networks be Considered an Essential Facility?" World Competition 34, Issue 4 (1.12.2011): 693–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2011054.

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The structure of 'big' wireline broadband Internet access markets is transforming in many geographic areas from a duopoly (broadband Internet access provided by telecommunications carriers and cable operators) to a monopoly. Incumbent operators of 'big' wireline broadband Internet access markets reserve a portion of the broadband capacity within their last-mile networks to provide favourable treatment to their own broadband applications and content. In particular, providers of emerging online video distribution services are relegated to accessing their customers by means of a less efficient path. This paper considers the question as to whether reserved broadband capacity can be deemed an essential facility and access opened up to stand-alone Internet applications and content through application of the antitrust laws. The arguments for and against treating reserved broadband capacity as an essential facility are presented and evaluated. The paper finds that reserved broadband capacity can be treated legally as an essential facility and that mandating access to the facility promises to provide significant efficiency benefits to consumers who purchase online video distribution services. 'Net neutrality maintains that I have paid for an Internet connection at a certain quality, say, 300 Mbps, and you have paid for that quality, then our communications should take place at that quality. Protecting this concept would prevent a big ISP from sending you video from a media company it may own at 300 Mbps but sending video from a competing media company at a slower rate. That amounts to commercial discrimination' (Tim Berners-Lee, Scientific American Magazine, December 2010).

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Gong, Seong-Lyong, Hee-Tae Roh i Jang-Won Lee. "Cross-layer and end-to-end optimization for the integrated wireless and wireline network". Journal of Communications and Networks 14, nr 5 (październik 2012): 554–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2012.00014.

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Chieochan, Surachai, i Ekram Hossain. "Downlink media streaming with wireless fountain coding in wireline-cum-WiFi networks". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 12, nr 17 (18.01.2011): 1567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcm.1092.

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