Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Wireless transmission systems.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Wireless transmission systems”

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Wireless transmission systems”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.

1

Kaganov, W. I., i Bui Huu Chuc. "Wireless power transmission". Russian Technological Journal 8, nr 6 (18.12.2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2020-8-6-47-53.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Electrical energy from power plants to industrial facilities and settlements is mostly transmitted by wire-connected air or underground lines covering vast territories. However, in some rare cases there is a need for wireless transmission of electrical power to objects located in hard-to-reach areas. The problem of wireless transmission of electrical energy will become especially urgent as space electric power industry based on the placement of solar power plants in outer space is being developed. In this regard, several countries are conducting studies on the problem of electrical energy transmission using both laser and microwave radiation. The fundamentals of building systems for wireless transmission of electrical energy over short distances using microwave radiation are considered. Two options for constructing such systems are analyzed and calculated: using parabolic antennas and using phased array antennas. For both options the main parameters of systems for wireless transmission of electrical energy at 200 m were calculated. In the first case, powerful microwave devices are used: a magnetron or a direct-flight klystron; in the second case, microwave powerful field-effect transistors. For the second option the summation of the powers of microwave generators by means of their mutual synchronization is proposed.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Tong, Wen, Behnaam Aazhang, Sae-Young Chung i Petar Popovski. "Wireless cooperative transmission". Journal of Communications and Networks 10, nr 2 (czerwiec 2008): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2008.6389830.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Sathe, Minal Dilip, Priyanka Sandesh Nikam i Gajanan Khapre. "Wireless Charging Control for Electric Vehicles". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 5 (31.05.2023): 4317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52478.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract: Wireless power transmission is a way to transmit power without a wire. Wireless power transmission helps connect areas where people do not have access to an adequate power source. Anyone can get clean and green wireless power. From now on, all devices will be connected to the power source wirelessly. Wireless charging for electric vehicles has been in development for several years before the widespread use of these vehicles. Today, wireless charging systems offer an efficient and flexible way to charge electric vehicles of several categories and different capacities from a common base source. Standardization work is well underway to ensure system compatibility between vehicles and locations. In this paper, we presented successful experimental experiments for wireless power transmission and the future scope of wireless power transmission in electric vehicles
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Alieksieiev, V. O., D. V. Gretskih, D. S. Gavva i V. G. Lykhograi. "Wireless power transmission technologies". Radiotekhnika, nr 211 (30.12.2022): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2022.4.211.09.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The article consists of three parts. The analysis of existing technologies of wireless power transfer (WPT) is carried out in the first part. It is noted that one of the factors that determines the choice of one or another WPT technology is the distance over which the power is transmitted and the type of electromagnetic (EM) energy used. The essence of WPT technologies in the near zone, Fresnel zone and Fraunhofer zone is explained. A generalized block diagram of the WPT system is presented. Areas of application and trends in the further development of the WPT technologies over short distances using induction and resonance methods, the WPT technologies over long distances, the technology of EM energy harvesting from the surrounding space and its conversion into direct current for powering low-power devices are considered. The achievements of the team of the antenna laboratory of the Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics (KhNURE) in the area of WPT are presented in the second part of the article. Namely, the electrodynamics’ approach is considered which is based on a single idea about the functioning of WPT systems and which include antennas and their circuits and ways of excitation with nonlinear elements. The stages of building a nonlinear mathematical model (MM) of the electrodynamics’ level of the WPT system are presented, according to which the entire WPT system, which generally includes the transmitting subsystem and the receiving subsystem, is considered as a single multi-input antenna system with nonlinear characteristics. The proposed MM provides a complete representation of the WPT systems operation of a wide class and purpose, in which fundamentally different WPT technologies are used. The third part of the article presents new results related to continued research. The analysis of the adequacy of the developed MM of WPT system is carried out. The results of simulation of WPT systems with the induction method of energy transfer (near zone) and their comparison with theoretical and experimental data of other authors showed the reliability and universality of the proposed approach and the MM of WPT system developed on its basis.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Heo, Jin-Chul, Jiae Park, Sohee Kim, Jeonghon Ku i Jong-Ha Lee. "Development and Application of Wireless Power Transmission Systems for Wireless ECG Sensors". Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5831056.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
We investigated the variations in the magnetic field distribution and power transmission efficiency, resulting from changes in the relative positions of the transmitting and receiving coils, for electromagnetic induction-type wireless power transmission using an elliptical receive coil. Results of simulations using a high-frequency structure simulator were compared to actual measurement results. The simulations showed that the transmission efficiency could be maintained relatively stable even if the alignment between the transmitting and receiving coils was changed to some extent. When the centre of the receiving coil was perfectly aligned with the centre of the transmitting coil, the transmission efficiency was in the maximum; however, the degree of decrease in the transmission efficiency was small even if the centre of the receiving coil moved by ±10 mm from the centre of the transmitting coil. Therefore, it is expected that the performance of the wireless power transmission system will not be degraded significantly even if perfect alignment is not maintained. Animal experiments confirmed good ECG signals for the simulation conditions. The results suggested a standardized application method of wireless transmission in the utilization of wireless power for implantable sensors.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Li, Yuhua, Lishuang Wan i Haimin Zhang. "Communication Network for Sports Activity Monitoring Systems". Complexity 2021 (17.04.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9971605.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
In this paper, through research and analysis of the communication network of the physical activity monitoring system, we combine wearable technology and identification technology and design a physical health monitoring bracelet that integrates multifaceted physical data collection and effective identity matching function. We match the identity through the chip and collect the physical fitness data generated in the process of exercise and centralized test by the sensor in real-time. Finally, the data transmission is realized through the WIFI communication function to achieve the purpose of monitoring physical exercise and improving physical quality. To ensure the continuity and stability of information transmission, the joint transmission method of direct transmission and indirect transmission is essential. Besides, considering the energy causality limitation of sensor nodes and relay nodes, a collaborative transmission model of wireless body area network based on wireless cognitive network is constructed. And, a power allocation algorithm based on maximum ratio merging and wireless cognitive network is proposed, which puts forward a new idea for the future research of wireless body area network resource allocation.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Грецких, Д. В., В. Г. Лихограй, А. А. Щербина i А. В. Гомозов. "External parameters of wireless power transmission systems". Radiotekhnika 4, nr 199 (29.12.2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2019.4.199.07.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Rotenberg, Samuel A., Symon K. Podilchak, Pascual D. Hilario Re, C. Mateo-Segura, George Goussetis i Jaesup Lee. "Efficient Rectifier for Wireless Power Transmission Systems". IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 68, nr 5 (maj 2020): 1921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2020.2968055.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Huang, Yuanyuan, i Chengchu Wu. "Spectrum analysis of multi-pulse position modulation in optical communication". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 53 (30.06.2023): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v53i.9685.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
In this paper, the authors aim to compare the performance of space optical communication and wireless optical communication by analyzing the transmission mechanism, transmission method, and transmission rate of MPPM (Multi-Pulse Pulse Position Modulation). MPPM is a widely used modulation technique in optical communication systems, which has the advantage of reducing the effect of noise and improving the system's error rate. To achieve the objective, the authors will employ mathematical models to compare the performance of space optical communication and wireless optical communication. They will analyze the transmission mechanism, transmission method, and transmission rate of MPPM in both communication systems and draw conclusions based on their findings. The authors hope that the results of this study will positively promote the development of MPPM in the future. By comparing the performance of space optical communication and wireless optical communication, this study will provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of both systems, which can help in the development of more efficient and reliable optical communication systems.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Li, Cui-Min, Chun-Ying Li i Lei Wang. "Reliable data transmission method based on 6LoWPAN for building energy systems". Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, nr 5 (26.11.2019): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419891521.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The building energy internet of things is based on radio frequency technology and a wireless sensor network that can collect building energy consumption data in real time. However, with the increasing complexity of wireless sensor network topology, there is a problem of insufficient IP address space relying on IPv4 protocol. In this paper, a design scheme of a building energy system based on 6LoWPAN network is proposed. IPv4/IPv6 address conversion is used to realise the access of IP addresses to each other, so as to monitor building energy consumption information anytime and anywhere. In view of the shortcomings of existing wireless network data transmission methods in low energy consumption and high reliability in building energy monitoring applications, a reliable data transmission method based on multipath routing coding algorithm is proposed. This strategy improves the transmission reliability of the network by increasing the number of redundant packets, and reduces the energy consumption of the network by reducing the number of transmission paths. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the success rate of data packet transmission, reduce the standard energy consumption of sensor networks, and provide an effective method for the application of wireless sensor networks in building energy monitoring systems. Practical application: This paper studies how to improve transmission reliability and energy efficiency in cluster-based WSN and proposes a multi-path transmission strategy for selective coding of intermediate cluster head nodes. The strategy improves the transmission reliability of the network by increasing the number of transmissions of redundant packets and reduces the network energy consumption by reducing the number of transmission paths. It has good use value for the actual development and application of the building energy consumption monitoring system.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
11

Joe Louis Paul, I., S. Sasirekha, D. Naveen Kumar D i P. S. Revanth. "A Working Model for Mobile Charging using Wireless Power Transmission". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.12 (20.07.2018): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16434.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Portable electronic devices are very popular nowadays. Almost all portable devices are battery powered, meaning that eventually, they all must be recharged–using the wired chargers currently being used. As the usage of these portable electronic devices is increasing, the demands for longer battery life are also increasing. These batteries need to be recharged or replaced periodically. It is a hassle to charge or change the battery after a while, especially when there is no power outlet around. Now instead of plugging in a cell phone, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), digital camera, voice recorder, mp3 player or laptop to recharge it, it could receive its power wirelessly. The technology for Wireless Power Transmission or Wireless Power Transfer or Transmission (WPT) is in the forefront of electronic development. WPT systems are designed to transmit power without using wires more efficient than transmitting it while using wires. There could be large number of applications for wireless power systems. Hence, in this work, a wireless battery charger has been proposed for mobile phone charging which is expected to eliminate all the hassles with today’s battery technology. The advantage of this device is that it can wirelessly charge up the batteries which can save time and money in a long run for the general public.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
12

Panayides, A., M. S. Pattichis, C. S. Pattichis i A. Pitsillides. "A Tutorial for Emerging Wireless Medical Video Transmission Systems [Wireless Corner]". IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 53, nr 2 (kwiecień 2011): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2011.5949369.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
13

Shen, Aiguo, Guangsong Yang i Dezhi Wei. "Performance of multi-antenna wireless systems based on time reversal". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2079, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2079/1/012025.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract 5G wireless mobile communication system is faced with massive equipment access, information security and effective transmission is worth paying attention to. Wireless physical layer security mainly uses encryption principle to enhance the security of information transmission, while time reversal technology combines its electromagnetic characteristics and physical channel characteristics to improve the security performance of wireless communication system. In this paper, a signal transmission model of wireless multi-antenna communication system based on time reversal cavity is proposed and white Gaussian noise is introduced. The simulation results show that the space-time focusing characteristics of time reversal cavity can make the signal energy more concentrated on the target user, which can not only effectively alleviate the communication quality problems caused by multipath effect, but also ensure the security of information transmission process.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
14

SLOBODIAN, Maksym. "MODEL OF A CHAOTIC ULTRA-WIDEBAND INFORMATION TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS". Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 319, nr 2 (27.04.2023): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-284-288.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Distributer measuring systems, consisting of interconnected wireless sensor nodes with autonomous supply, have plenty of applications in different areas of engineering end technology. Therefore, wireless sensor network design and optimization is a vital problem in informational technologies and computer engineering. Regardless of particular application and architecture, a wireless sensor network consists of several small sensor nodes somehow distributed in an area of inspection. Such a design ensures a distributed parameter measuring, according to which, each node performs preprocessing procedures for the data, which are to be aggregated by a so-called sink node and sent via other networks, e.g., wired or wireless local area network. For healthcare solutions, it is important to ensure a stable connection with the network and server back-end to provide a high-level analysis based on predicting methods of machine learning algorithms. This paper describes an application of an ultra-wideband communication model based on chaos synchronization as a low-power and efficient alternative solution for building wireless sensor networks. Thus, using chaotic signals as information carriers in wireless communication has several advantages, including a wide smooth spectrum, high information capability, cybersecurity, and low power consumption. The synchronization problem is one of the most vital tasks to be solved to design a chaos application for ultra-wide-band communication. Being well-studied for periodic signals, modern synchronization theory contains plenty of solutions for classical telecommunication and radio engineering systems, however, it is not developed enough for chaotic systems. Hence, a one-directional dissipative synchronization between two Chen systems is studied in the first section. The second section is devoted to the computer simulation of the model, described in the previous section. All the models built and the simulations performed have been done using MATLAB/Simulink software. The negative impact of channel noise and inequality of system parameters is considered. The possible way how to improve technical characteristics is also provided. Proposed models are to be used to design and develop low-cost wireless sensor networks for multi-channel healthcare solutions.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
15

Balsa, Jose, Tomás Domínguez-Bolano, Óscar Fresnedo, José A. García-Naya i Luis Castedo. "Image Transmission: Analog or Digital?" Proceedings 2, nr 18 (18.09.2018): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2181163.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
16

Serkov, Aleksandr, Vitaliy Breslavets, Maksym Tolkachov, Gennadiy Churyumov i M. Saad Issam. "Noise-like signals in wireless information transmission systems". Advanced Information Systems 1, nr 2 (29.12.2017): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2017.2.06.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
17

Gharavi, H., i S. M. Alamouti. "Video transmission for third generation wireless communication systems". Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 106, nr 2 (marzec 2001): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.106.020.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
18

Yang, Ping, Yue Xiao, Yi Yu i Shaoqian Li. "Adaptive Spatial Modulation for Wireless MIMO Transmission Systems". IEEE Communications Letters 15, nr 6 (czerwiec 2011): 602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2011.040711.110014.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
19

SHIBA, Kenji. "Wireless Energy Transmission Systems for Implantable Artificial Hearts". Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 27, nr 3 (2019): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14243/jsaem.27.292.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
20

Fahui, Wu, Xiao Lin, Yang Dingcheng i Laurie Cuthbert. "Transmission strategies for wireless powered MIMO relay systems". Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 24, nr 1 (luty 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(17)60181-x.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
21

Lari, Mohammad. "Transmission delay minimization in wireless powered communication systems". Wireless Networks 25, nr 3 (27.06.2018): 1415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-018-1778-0.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
22

Si, Peiyuan, Weidang Lu, Kecai Gu, Xin Liu, Bo Li, Hong Peng i Yi Gong. "Anti-Wiretap Spectrum-Sharing for Cooperative Cognitive Radio Communication Systems". Sensors 19, nr 19 (24.09.2019): 4142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194142.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
As wireless communication technology keeps progressing, people’s requirements for wireless communication quality are getting higher and higher. Wireless communication brings convenience, but also causes some problems. On the one hand, the traditional static and fixed spectrum allocation strategy leads to high wastefulness of spectrum resources. The direction of improving the utility of spectrum resources by combining the advantages of cooperative communication and cognitive radio has attracted the attention of many scholars. On the other hand, security of communication is becoming an important issue because of the broadcasting nature and openness of wireless communication. Physical-layer security has been brought into focus due to the possibility of improving the security in wireless communication. In this paper, we propose an anti-wiretap spectrum-sharing scheme for cooperative cognitive radio communication systems which can secure the information transmission for the two transmission phases of the cooperative communication. We maximized the secondary system transmission rate by jointly optimizing power and bandwidth while ensuring the primary system achieves its secrecy transmission rate. Useful insights of the proposed anti-wiretap spectrum-sharing scheme are given in the simulation results. Moreover, several system parameters are shown to have a big impact for the simulation results.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
23

A. Aliesawi, Salah, Dena S. Alani i Abdullah M. Awad. "Secure image transmission over wireless network". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 4 (6.10.2018): 2758. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15691.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The advances recently seen in data compression, and communication systems, have made it viable to design wireless image transmission systems. For many applications such as confidential transmission, military and medical applications, data encryption techniques should be also used to protect the confidential data from intruders. For these applications, both encryption and compression need to be performed to transmit a message in a fast and secure way. Further, the wireless channels have fluctuating channel qualities and high bit error rates. In this paper, a new scheme based on encryption and channel coding has been proposed for secure image transmission over wireless channels. In the proposed scheme, the encryption process is based on keys generator and Chaotic Henon map. Turbo codes are utilized as channel coding to deal effectively with the channel errors, multipath signal propagation and delay spread. Simulation results show that the proposed system achieves a high level of robustness against wide different of attacks and channel impairments. Further, it improves image quality with acceptable data rates.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
24

Lewiński, Anrzej, i Tomasz Perzyński. "Public standards of wireless transmission wireless for safety improvement of raiway control". Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2016, nr 5 (1.05.2016): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_16_05_02.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The paper deals concepts and solutions related to application of public, open wireless transmission in railway control and management systems. Presented concepts are connected with them research works, the obtained results confirm the possibility of such applications for safety transfer in railway systems corresponding to SIL classification. In all presented systems we can observe the improvement of safety in chosen elements of railway infrastructure and control. The proposed mathematical apparatus based on Markov processes allows to estimate the reliability parameters of all presented solutions.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
25

Basar, Md, Mohd Ahmad, Jongman Cho i Fatimah Ibrahim. "Application of Wireless Power Transmission Systems in Wireless Capsule Endoscopy: An Overview". Sensors 14, nr 6 (19.06.2014): 10929–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s140610929.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
26

Malmurugan, N., S. Christalin Nelson, Majid Altuwairiqi, Hashem Alyami, Durgaprasad Gangodkar, Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra i Simon Atuah Asakipaam. "Hybrid Encryption Method for Health Monitoring Systems Based on Machine Learning". Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (7.07.2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7348488.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Numerous forms of disasters and vandalism can occur in transmission lines, which makes them vulnerable. As a result, the transmission pipes must be protected by a reliable monitoring system. When a wireless sensor network is built from disparate devices that are positioned at varying distances from one another, it can be used to monitor physical and environmental conditions in the surrounding environment. In addition to the built-in sensor on the exterior of a pipeline and sensors positioned to support bridge structures, wireless sensor networks have a range of other applications. Other uses include robotics, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and a variety of other areas of technology. It is feasible to use wireless sensor networks to monitor temperature and pressure, as well as leak detection and transmission line sabotage, among other applications. There are several different sorts of attacks that can be launched against wireless sensor networks. When it comes to information security in wireless sensor networks, cryptographic approaches play a critical role in ensuring the integrity of the data. Different types of cryptographic algorithms are now available for use in order to maintain network security. Specific difficulties must be addressed, though, and these are as follows: To strengthen the power of these algorithms, a unique hybrid encryption approach for monitoring energy transmission lines and increasing the security of wireless sensor networks is created in this study. While wireless sensor networks are being used to monitor transmission pipelines, the proposed hybrid encryption method ensures that data is transferred securely and promptly. The proposed method must follow three cryptographic principles: integrity, secrecy, and authenticity. All of the subtleties and underlying principles of the algorithm are explained in detail so that the algorithm can be put into action immediately after it is introduced.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
27

Li, Ju, i Fengjun Shang. "Investigation into the Reliability and Encryption Performance of Wireless Signal Transmission by Network Coding Combined with Blockchain in Natural Disaster Scenarios". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (11.05.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4188436.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
To enhance the reliability and encryption of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wireless signals in natural disaster scenarios, firstly, the present work analyzes the current wireless signal transmission mode of UAV. In addition, it discusses the efficient network coding of wireless signal transmission model and blockchain with strong encryption ability. Secondly, the signal transmission model of network coding is explored. Finally, the network coding wireless signal transmission model is combined with the blockchain wireless signal transmission model to realize efficient and encrypted data transmission. The research results show that the network coding wireless signal transmission model combined with blockchain technology realizes the maximum difference of network coding wireless signal transmission rate of 1.5 Mb/s. The model also encrypts the data in the simulation scenario of natural disasters through blockchain technology. After encryption, the data protection effect of the transmission model is significantly improved and meets the requirements of standard data transmission. Meanwhile, the wireless signal transmission model can reduce the resource occupation rate in the process of data transmission and improve the success rate and universality of data transmission in natural disaster scenarios. The probability of data being successfully protected in disaster is more than 90%. The results provide technical support for the stable transmission of wireless signals in natural disaster scenarios and provide a reference for improving the reliability and encryption of wireless signal transmission.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
28

Zhang, Zhuo, Jianwei Zhang, Yuxiang Gong, Yinli Zhou, Xing Zhang, Chao Chen, Hao Wu i in. "Long-Distance High-Power Wireless Optical Energy Transmission Based on VECSELs". Crystals 12, nr 10 (18.10.2022): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101475.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Wireless charging systems are critical for safely and efficiently recharging mobile electronic devices. Current wireless charging technologies involving inductive coupling, magnetic resonance coupling, and microwave transmission are bulky, require complicated systems, expose users to harmful radiation, and have very short energy transmission distances. Herein, we report on a long-distance optical power transmission system by optimizing the external cavity structure of semiconductor lasers for laser charging applications. An ultra-long stable oscillating laser cavity with a transmission distance of 10 m is designed. The optimal laser cavity design is determined by simulating the structural parameters for stable operation, and an improved laser cavity that produces an output of 2.589 W at a transmission distance of 150 cm is fabricated. The peak power attenuation when the transmission distance increases from 50 to 150 cm is only approximately 6.4%, which proves that this wireless power transfer scheme based on a vertical external cavity surface-emitting laser can be used to realize ultra-long-distance power transmission. The proposed wireless energy transmission scheme based on a VECSEL laser is the first of its kind to report a 1.5 m transmission distance output power that exceeds 2.5 W. Compared with other wireless energy transmission technologies, this simple, compact, and safe long-distance wireless laser energy transmission system is more suitable for indoor charging applications.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
29

Güler, Nihal Fatma, i Uğur Fidan. "Wireless Transmission of ECG signal". Journal of Medical Systems 30, nr 3 (czerwiec 2006): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-005-7980-5.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
30

Wu, Fan, Aiqin Li, Saihua He, Mohammad Ikbal i Mohamed A. Sharaf Eldean. "Research on Measurement and Control System of Common Parameters of Agricultural Equipment Based on Wireless Transmission". International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 12, nr 2 (kwiecień 2021): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.20210401.oa6.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
To resolve the limited transmission and complicated layout, the common parameter measurement and control system of agricultural equipment use virtual instrument technology and embedded technology. The research results show that the wireless transmission data of the system is accurate and reliable. The linearity errors of acquisition divestiture (AD) and frequency counting (FI) channel measurements are only 0.38% and 0.006%, respectively, and the resolution is 0.01V and 1 Hz. This performance evaluation fully meets equipment detection in agricultural use. The system is integrated with various wireless transmission platforms, intelligent agricultural equipment, and computer wireless reception and processing. These parameters can significantly improve the automation level and quality of agricultural equipment.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
31

Wang, Pingxin, Zhen Jing, Zhi Zhang, Qing Wang, Congcong Li i Hongxia Zhu. "Secure transmission for IoT wireless energy-carrying communication systems". PLOS ONE 18, nr 8 (3.08.2023): e0289251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289251.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The wireless energy-carrying communication method for the Internet of Things (IoT) presents several difficulties for information security such as eavesdropping or data loss. To solve these issues, this paper presents a new secure transmission method for IoT wireless energy-carrying communication systems. In this method, first the secret message is turned into a word, delivered to the intended recipient and unlawful listener, respectively, and the received message is characterized as an entropy function. The message is iteratively solved using the block coordinate descent technique, and for each iteration, a digital baseband signal containing the receiver’s secret message symbol and the matching beamforming vector is delivered. By concurrently optimizing the transmit beamforming vector, the noise covariance matrix, and the receiver power allocation factor based on a design that complies with the security rate and energy acquisition limitations for each receiver, the overall system transmit power is reduced. The Lagrangian method is used to solve the secure transmission problem of the communication system based on an iterative block coordinate descent algorithm, as well as to change the nonconvex problem into a convex problem and precisely derive the upper and lower bounds of the original transmission problem. In comparison to the conventional policy transmission scheme, the experimental results demonstrate that the DIPS (Digital Image Processing System) scheme can increase the STP (Signaling Transfer Point) by approximately 34.16 percent in the eavesdropper independent eavesdropping and joint eavesdropping scenarios. The usefulness of the secure transmission strategy for wireless energy-carrying communication systems is confirmed by this investigation.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
32

MIAOU, SHAOU-GANG, SHIANN-SHIUN JENG, CHEN-WAN TSUNG, CHIH-HONG HSIAO i TAH-YEONG LIN. "TRANSMITTING CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE IMAGES WITH WIRELESS LAN AND SMART ANTENNA SYSTEMS". Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 18, nr 05 (25.10.2006): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237206000385.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Capsule endoscopy gradually replaces traditional endoscopy in some applications and becomes a state-of-the-art tool to detect the problems of intestines. When capsule endoscopy is used, a patient swallows a capsule-like micro-camera. An image sequence is then taken by the capsule endoscope and transmitted to a receiver carried by the patient. Eventually, these image data will be transmitted to a desktop computer and examined by a doctor. To start the diagnosis earlier and avoid limiting the patient's movement, an on-line wireless transmission for this last link is desirable. For this link, WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) standard is a good candidate due to its high enough data rate and commercial availability. However, wireless links often result in transmission errors that are unacceptable for medical related applications, including medical image transmission. In this paper, we propose a WLAN system with smart antenna to transmit the capsule endoscope images and evaluate its performance. The simulation results demonstrate that utilizing the smart antenna can enhance the error resilient capability of the WLAN over an error prone wireless channel and provides a much reliable data link for the transmission of capsule endoscope images than the original standard.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
33

Yan, Zhichao, Tanyuan Zou, Mingyue Chen, Difan Zhou, Suchuan Zhao, Yanqun Guo i Chuanbing Cai. "Spatial Azimuthal Misalignment Characteristics of High-Temperature Superconducting Wireless Power Transmission Systems". Applied Sciences 13, nr 11 (31.05.2023): 6718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13116718.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transmission technology (WPT) based on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils has gained wide popularity due to its low impedance and high-quality factor Q value characteristics. This technology has greatly improved the energy transfer performance of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems. However, practical applications of conventional WPT, such as wireless charging of autonomous underwater vehicles at mooring points, often encounter spatial misalignment issues due to the complex ocean environment and ocean currents. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated the spatial misalignment of HTS WPT systems, particularly the angular misalignment. This paper presents a solution to address this problem by constructing magnetically coupled resonant wireless energy transmission systems based on HTS coils and copper coils. The study analyzes the relationship between the transmission efficiency of the WPT system and the received power of the load with respect to the spatial orientation of the coil. The performance of the superconducting coil and copper coil WPT systems is compared. The experimental results demonstrate that, under the same spatially misaligned conditions, the WPT system using HTS coils can significantly improve the transmission efficiency and load power compared to the conventional copper WPT system. Moreover, simultaneous adjustment of the lateral misalignment distance and different orientation deflection angles can improve the transmission efficiency and smooth load output power of the high-temperature superconducting WPT system.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
34

Czabanowski, Robert. "Selected problems of wireless transmission of measurement signals". AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, nr 6 (30.06.2018): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.098.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The article presents the quantified and qualitative effects of the application of wireless signal transmission with particular emphasis on the effects of repeated signal transformation and synchronization problems when using more complex measurement systems containing parallel operating wired and wireless interfaces.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
35

Zhou, Yun. "A Video Compression Method for Wireless Transmission". Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (czerwiec 2012): 1167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.1167.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
With the ever-increasing expansion of wireless voice and data plan demands, bandwidth constrained wireless channels intervened with mobility issues lay out a great challenge in the hardware configuration, software development and algorithm design of communication systems. This paper presents our work on a modular and standards-independent DSP-based testbed designed for real-time video communication over low-bandwidth channels. In particular, the real-time transmission of MPEG-4 video and JPEG2000 still images over the Bluetooth wireless standard is demonstrated here. The testbed was designed to explore the possibilities, demands, and challenges of real-time wireless video transmission. The work could have tremendous near-future applications.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
36

Geithner, Thomas, i Fikret Sivrikaya. "Transmission Rate Sampling and Selection for Reliable Wireless Multicast". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (29.09.2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8850198.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The multicast communication concept offers a scalable and efficient method for many classes of applications; however, its potential remains largely unexploited when it comes to link-layer multicasting in wireless local area networks. The fundamental lacking feature for this is a transmission rate control mechanism that offers higher transmission performance and lower channel utilization, while ensuring the reliability of wireless multicast transmissions. This is much harder to achieve in a scalable manner for multicast when compared with unicast transmissions, which employs explicit acknowledgment mechanisms for rate control. This article introduces EWRiM, a reliable multicast transmission rate control protocol for IEEE 802.11 networks. It adapts the transmission rate sampling concept to multicast through an aggregated receiver feedback scheme and combines it with a sliding window forward error correction (FEC) mechanism for ensuring reliability at the link layer. An inherent novelty of EWRiM is the close interaction of its FEC and transmission rate selection components to address the performance-reliability tradeoff in multicast communications. The performance of EWRiM was tested in three scenarios with intrinsically different traffic patterns; namely, music streaming scenario, large data frame delivery scenario, and an IoT scenario with frequent distribution of small data packets. Evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed approach adapts well to all of these realistic multicast traffic scenarios and provides significant improvements over the legacy multicast- and unicast-based transmissions.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
37

Li, Jinna, Peng Zeng, Xuejun Zong, Meng Zheng i Xiaoling Zhang. "Joint Design of Transmission Rate and Control for Wireless Sensor Networked Control Systems". Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/158404.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
This paper is concerned with transmission rate and control codesign of wireless sensor networked control systems (WSNCS) with time-varying delay. Jointly designing transmission rate and control is an attractive paradigm for WSNCS, since the control performance of WSNCS is highly sensitive to resource-constrained communication networks. The main idea of devised scheme is searching an optimal event-triggered transmission condition on the premise that wireless link capacity constraint is satisfied and stability of systems is guaranteed. The main aim of devised scheme is to greatly optimize control performance of WSNCS. First, two wireless network architectures characterized by multihop and star topology are put forward. Secondly, a model of WSNCS with event-triggered transmission mechanism is constructed. It is followed by stability analysis of WSNCS to obtain the asymptotical stability condition of systems. And then a search algorithm is presented for transmission rate and control codesign. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
38

Karabulut, Muhammet Ali. "Study of Power and Trajectory Optimization in UAV Systems Regarding THz Band Communications with Different Fading Channels". Drones 7, nr 8 (31.07.2023): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7080500.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Researchers are interested in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) because they have many uses in current 5G and future 6G networks and are safer than human-operated vehicles. Terahertz (THz)-band communications are a possible option in 6G for fast communication. THz wireless communication between UAVs is taken into consideration in this work. Different fading channels, which are significant influencing factors in THz communication channel modeling, are used to analyze the performance of UAV communications in THz networks. Consideration must be made to the structure, wireless channel parameters, and transmission characteristics when evaluating the performance of wireless technology. Nakagami-m, Rician, Weibull, and Rayleigh fading channels are all taken into consideration, along with log-normal fading. Moreover, an optimization algorithm for the THz channel is presented, which is meant to minimize transmission power by optimizing the trajectory of uplink and downlink transmissions between the UAV and users. The equations of the UAV locations and the transmission power optimization of each user are derived. Analytical formulations regarding capacity, outage probability, and bit error rate (BER) are generated when performance-influencing factors are taken into account. The analytical analysis is supported by the numerical results that are provided.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
39

Nezhad, Mohsen Habib, Khazaimatol S. Subari i Mehran Yahyavi. "Improvement of wireless transmission system performance for EEG signals based on development of scalar quantization". Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance 4, nr 1 (28.07.2019): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jeb.437.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Abstract Advancement of wireless technology leads to some developments in current wireless electroencephalography. Through improving the transmission method of brainwaves, it would be possible to bring more convenience for the patients in need and give this opportunity to others for discovering other aspects of the amazing brainwave. What has been proposed in this study is a new type of adjustable backward quantization method which exploits the nature of the brainwave signal. This method is based on the nature of the captured brainwave and its quantization boundary changes based on the amplitude of each EEG captured signal. The proposed quantization scheme has been analyzed with uniform and Gaussian distribution of quantization level. Consequently, the Backward Gaussian Quantization with Adjustable Boundary and two Word Memories beside the Backward Uniform Quantization with Adjustable Boundary and two Word Memories are introduced by this experiment. In addition, the performance of wireless transmission system and the proposed quantizer’s efficiency for very low frequency (up to 100 Hz) and amplitude EEG signal have been noticed. With doing so, we simulated the transmitter and receiver by MATLAB® software. To model the medium, channel was assumed as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). Meanwhile analysis is done for the whole wireless system performance in terms of transmission range, compared with current available wireless transmission systems on the market. It should be noticed that the transmission range of the proposed wireless transmission system is compared to the transmission range of current wireless EEG systems when there is no obstacle between transmitter and receiver. Furthermore, some relevant parameters to evaluate the quality of the proposed quantization method were examined. To sum up, the proposed quantization schemes show considerable performance in terms of Quantization Rate for constant MSQE and SQNR in comparison with Uniform Quantization method and the achieved transmission range of our wireless system by using this method is higher than available wireless EEG systems on market.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
40

Niu, Ruibin. "Mechanical Vibration Test Based on the Wireless Vibration Monitoring System". Security and Communication Networks 2022 (25.08.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9022128.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
In order to apply wireless sensor networks to mechanical vibration monitoring, the author proposes a wireless network topology with multiple data collection points for mechanical vibration monitoring. This structure reduces the transmission load of the data collection point, increases the data transmission rate of the network, balances the energy dissipation in the network, and utilizes the general wireless sensor network hardware platform. The network transmission protocol and related auxiliary mechanisms are designed and implemented, and a wireless vibration monitoring test platform is constructed. The transmission performance of the network structure with multiple data collection points is evaluated through the actual test. The experimental results show that by using the wireless sensor network topology with multiple data collection points, it can meet the requirements of continuous transmission of vibration data obtained by 1 kHz sampling. Conclusion. The system performance of the wireless sensor network based on this network structure has been improved under the condition of general hardware, and the network structure of multiple data collection points shows good performance in the process of high-speed data transmission.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
41

Aust, Sebastian, Andreas Ahrens i César Benavente-Peces. "Modulation-Mode Assignment in SVD-Aided Downlink Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Systems". International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 57, nr 4 (1.12.2011): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10177-011-0064-1.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Modulation-Mode Assignment in SVD-Aided Downlink Multiuser MIMO-OFDM SystemsMulticarrier transmission such as OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) is an established technique for radio transmission systems and it can be considered as a promising approach for next generation wireless systems. However, in order to comply with the demand on increasing available data rates in particular in wireless technologies, systems with multiple transmit and receive antennas, also called MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) systems, have become indispensable for future generations of wireless systems. Due to the strongly increasing demand in high-data rate transmission systems, frequency non-selective MIMO links have reached a state of maturity and frequency selective MIMO links are in the focus of interest. In this field, the combination of MIMO transmission and OFDM can be considered as an essential part of fulfilling the requirements of future generations of wireless systems. However, single-user scenarios have reached a state of maturity. By contrast multiple users' scenarios require substantial further research, where in comparison to ZF (zero-forcing) multiuser transmission techniques, the individual user's channel characteristics are taken into consideration in this contribution. The performed joint optimization of the number of activated MIMO layers and the number of transmitted bits per subcarrier shows that not necessarily all user-specific MIMO layers per subcarrier have to be activated in order to minimize the overall BER under the constraint of a given fixed data throughput.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
42

Karthikeyan, D., Sayon Koley, Mayukh Bagchi, Avijit Bhattacharya i K. Vijayakumar. "Wireless charging scheme for medium power range application systems". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, nr 4 (1.12.2020): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp1979-1986.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Wireless power transmission (WPT) has attracted a wide variety of subjects in various disciplines and has also become a highly active research field due to its capacity to facilitate charging systems. Wireless power transmission will be compulsory to use soon as this technology enables electrical energy to be transmitted from a power source to an electrical load over an air gap without connecting wires. Wireless power transmission has been developed in the low power (1W to 10W) and high power (100W-500W) region. While the low power region development focuses on powering medical transplants and mobile charging, the higher end of the power spectrum is being developed for the electric vehicle (EV) applications. However medium power range (10W to 100W) is relatively unexplored due to lack of proper applications. The commercial WPT scheme is mainly used for the charging of lithium-ion batteries. Sensitive medium power loads like Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries do not have a wireless modular charging system. This paper discusses a proposed scheme for wireless charging of medium-range loads. LiPo batteries are used as the targeted charging load. A minimalistic approach has been considered while designing the electronics for efficiency improvement and a compact, modular scheme. The proposed scheme has been developed for drone and robotics applications and the results are validated.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
43

Zhu, Yuyu, Zuming Wang, Xin Cao i Li Wu. "Design of High-Power High-Efficiency Wireless Charging Coils for EVs with MnZn Ferrite Bricks". Journal of Sensors 2021 (25.10.2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9931144.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
In wireless power transmission systems, the inductance, equivalent resistance, and quality factors of the coils are the main factors that influence the system’s transmission efficiency. When designing high-power wireless charging coils for electric vehicles (EVs), ferrite bricks that increase magnetic flux can be selected to increase the self-inductance of the coils, improving the wireless transmission distance and transmission efficiency. In this paper, the effects of the ferrite bricks, the size of the coils, the charging distance, and many other factors in real applications have been extensively studied. After theoretical analysis and simulation, the wireless transmission system has been fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. High-power high-efficiency wireless power transmission has been achieved for EVs compared with many other previous literatures.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
44

Sadi, Yalcin, Sinem Coleri Ergen i Pangun Park. "Minimum Energy Data Transmission for Wireless Networked Control Systems". IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 13, nr 4 (kwiecień 2014): 2163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2014.0204.131204.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
45

Gharavi, H., i S. M. Alamouti. "Multipriority video transmission for third-generation wireless communication systems". Proceedings of the IEEE 87, nr 10 (1999): 1751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.790635.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
46

Lee, Woosik, Byoung-Dai Lee i Namgi Kim. "Hybrid Transmission Power Control for Wireless Body Sensor Systems". International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 10, nr 10 (styczeń 2014): 259181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/259181.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
47

David Suits, L., TC Sheahan, JG Zornberg, J. Friedrichsen i E. Dell'Avanzi. "Performance of Centrifuge Data Acquisition Systems Using Wireless Transmission". Geotechnical Testing Journal 28, nr 2 (2005): 12224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj12224.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
48

Sharma, Shree Krishna, Mohammad Patwary i Mohamed Abdel‐Maguid. "Spectral efficient compressive transmission framework for wireless communication systems". IET Signal Processing 7, nr 7 (wrzesień 2013): 558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2012.0075.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
49

Chen, Zhe, Xu Zhang, Yuedong Xu, Jie Xiong, Yu Zhu i Xin Wang. "MuVi: Multiview Video Aware Transmission Over MIMO Wireless Systems". IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 19, nr 12 (grudzień 2017): 2788–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2017.2713414.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
50

Al-Kamali, Faisal S., i Abdullah Qasem Abdo. "Wireless images transmission over OFDMA systems: investigation and evaluation". Journal of Engineering 2016, nr 9 (1.09.2016): 332–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2016.0077.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!

Do bibliografii