Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Wind speed

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Wind speed”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Wind speed"

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Ni, Weicheng, Ad Stoffelen, Kaijun Ren, Xiaofeng Yang i Jur Vogelzang. "SAR and ASCAT Tropical Cyclone Wind Speed Reconciliation". Remote Sensing 14, nr 21 (2.11.2022): 5535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14215535.

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Wind speed reconciliation across different wind sources is critically needed for extending available satellite wind records in Tropical Cyclones. The deviations between wind references of extremes, such as the moored buoy data and dropsonde wind estimates for guidance on geophysical model function development, are one of the main causes of wind speed differences for wind products, for instance, the overestimation of Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) relative to ASCAT winds. The study proposes a new wind speed adjustment to achieve mutual adjustment between ASCAT CMOD7 winds and simultaneous SAR wind speeds. The so-called CMOD7D-v2 adjustment is constructed based on the statistical analysis of SAR and ASCAT Tropical Cyclone acquisitions between 2016 and 2021, showing a satisfactory performance in wind speed reconciliation for winds with speeds higher than 14 m/s. Furthermore, the error characteristics of the CMOD7D-v2 adjustment for Tropical Cyclone winds are analyzed using the Triple Collocation analysis technique. The analysis results show that the proposed wind adjustment can reduce ASCAT wind errors by around 16.0% when adjusting ASCAT winds to SAR wind speeds. In particular, when downscaling SAR winds, the improvement in ASCAT wind errors can be up to 42.3%, effectively alleviating wind speed differences across wind sources. Furthermore, to avoid the impacts of large footprints by ASCAT sensors, wind speeds retrieved from SAR VV signals (acting as a substitute for ASCAT winds) are adjusted accordingly and compared against SAR dual-polarized winds and collocated Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) observations. We find that the bias values of adjusted winds are lower than products from other adjustment schemes by around 5 m/s at the most extreme values. These promising results verify the plausibility of the CMOD7D-v2 adjustment, which is conducive to SAR and ASCAT wind speed comparisons and extreme wind analysis in Tropical Cyclone cases.
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Li, Gang, Juan Cui, Tingshan Liu, Yongqiu Zheng, Congcong Hao, Xiaojian Hao i Chenyang Xue. "Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Wind-Energy Harvester with a Low Startup Wind Speed in Urban Self-Powered Sensing". Micromachines 14, nr 2 (23.01.2023): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020298.

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Wind energy as a renewable energy source is easily available and widely distributed in cities. However, current wind-energy harvesters are inadequate at capturing energy from low-speed winds in urban areas, thereby limiting their application in distributed self-powered sensor networks. A triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid harvester with a low startup wind speed (LSWS-TEH) is proposed that also provides output power within a wide range of wind speeds. An engineering-implementable propeller design method is developed to reduce the startup wind speed of the harvester. A mechanical analysis of the aerodynamics of the rotating propeller is performed, and optimal propeller parameter settings are found that greatly improved its aerodynamic torque. By combining the high-voltage output of the triboelectric nanogenerator under low-speed winds with the high-power output of the electromagnetic generator under high-speed winds, the harvester can maintain direct current output over a wide wind-speed range after rectification. Experiments show that the harvester activates at wind speeds as low as 1.2 m/s, powers a sensor with multiple integrated components in 1.7 m/s wind speeds, and drives a Bluetooth temperature and humidity sensor in 2.7 m/s wind speeds. The proposed small, effective, inexpensive hybrid energy harvester provides a promising way for self-powered requirements in smart city settings.
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Obukhov, S. G. "DYNAMIC WIND SPEED MODEL FOR SOLVING WIND POWER PROBLEMS". Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 17, nr 1 (czerwiec 2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020no1/77-84.

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Clarizia, Maria Paola, i Christopher S. Ruf. "Bayesian Wind Speed Estimation Conditioned on Significant Wave Height for GNSS-R Ocean Observations". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, nr 6 (czerwiec 2017): 1193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0196.1.

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AbstractSpaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry observations of the ocean surface are found to respond to components of roughness forced by local winds and to a longer wave swell that is only partially correlated with the local wind. This dual sensitivity is largest at low wind speeds. If left uncorrected, the error in wind speeds retrieved from the observations is strongly correlated with the significant wave height (SWH) of the ocean. A Bayesian wind speed estimator is developed to correct for the long-wave sensitivity at low wind speeds. The approach requires a characterization of the joint probability of occurrence of wind speed and SWH, which is derived from archival reanalysis sea-state records. The Bayesian estimator is applied to spaceborne data collected by the Technology Demonstration Satellite-1 (TechDemoSat-1) and is found to provide significant improvement in wind speed retrieval at low winds, relative to a conventional retrieval that does not account for SWH. At higher wind speeds, the wind speed and SWH are more highly correlated and there is much less need for the correction.
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Tang, Brian H., i Nick P. Bassill. "Point Downscaling of Surface Wind Speed for Forecast Applications". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 57, nr 3 (marzec 2018): 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0144.1.

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AbstractA statistical downscaling algorithm is introduced to forecast surface wind speed at a location. The downscaling algorithm consists of resolved and unresolved components to yield a time series of synthetic wind speeds at high time resolution. The resolved component is a bias-corrected numerical weather prediction model forecast of the 10-m wind speed at the location. The unresolved component is a simulated time series of the high-frequency component of the wind speed that is trained to match the variance and power spectral density of wind observations at the location. Because of the stochastic nature of the unresolved wind speed, the downscaling algorithm may be repeated to yield an ensemble of synthetic wind speeds. The ensemble may be used to generate probabilistic predictions of the sustained wind speed or wind gusts. Verification of the synthetic winds produced by the downscaling algorithm indicates that it can accurately predict various features of the observed wind, such as the probability distribution function of wind speeds, the power spectral density, daily maximum wind gust, and daily maximum sustained wind speed. Thus, the downscaling algorithm may be broadly applicable to any application that requires a computationally efficient, accurate way of generating probabilistic forecasts of wind speed at various time averages or forecast horizons.
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Matsyura, Alex, Kazimierz Jankowski i Marina Matsyura. "BIRDS’ FLIGHT ENERGY PREDICTIONS AND APPLICATION TO RADAR-TRACKING STUDY". Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University 3, nr 03 (28.10.2013): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/20133_45.

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<p>In offered research, we propose to observe diurnal soaring birds to check, whether there the positions of birds in formations are such, that the wing tip interval and depth meet the predictions of aerodynamic theory for achievement of maximal conservation of energy or predictions of the hypothesis of communication. We also can estimate, whether adverse conditions of a wind influence the ability of birds to support formation. We can assume that windy conditions during flight might make precision flight more difficult by inducing both unpredictable bird and vortex positions. To this, we need to found change in wing-tip spacing variation with increasing wind speed, suggesting or rejecting that in high winds bird skeins maintained similar variation to that on calm days. The interrelation between variation of mean depth and wind speed should prove this hypothesis. Little is known about the importance of depth, but in high winds the vortex is likely to break up more rapidly and its location become unpredictable the further back a bird flies; therefore, a shift towards skeins with more regular depths at high wind speeds may compensate for the unpredictability of the vortex locations. Any significant relationship between the standard deviation of wing-tip spacing and wind speed suggests that wind has a major effect on optimal positioning.</p> <p>Results of proposed study will be used also as the auxiliary tool in radar research of bird migration, namely in research of flight features of soaring birds. It is extremely important to determine all pertinent characteristics of flock for model species, namely flocking birds.</p> <p><em>Kew words: birds, flock, radar, flight</em></p><p> </p>
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Manaster, Andrew, Lucrezia Ricciardulli i Thomas Meissner. "Validation of High Ocean Surface Winds from Satellites Using Oil Platform Anemometers". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, nr 5 (maj 2019): 803–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0116.1.

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AbstractReliable sources for validating wind observations made by spaceborne microwave radiometer and scatterometer sensors above 15 m s−1 are scarce. Anemometers mounted on oil platforms provide usable wind speed measurements that can help fill this gap. In our study we compare wind speed observations from six microwave satellites (WindSat, AMSR-E, AMSR2, SMAP, QuikSCAT, and ASCAT) with wind speed records from 10 oil platform anemometers in the North and Norwegian Seas that were provided by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute. We study various forms of the vertical wind profile, which is required to convert anemometer winds to a reference height of 10 m above sea level. We create and analyze matchups between satellite and anemometer winds and find good agreement up to wind speeds of 30 m s−1 within the margin of errors. We also evaluate wind speeds from several analyses [ECMWF, NCEP, and Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform (CCMP)]. We find them to be significantly lower than the anemometer winds with their biases increasing systematically with increasing wind speed. Important components of our analysis include a detailed discussion on the quality control of the anemometer winds and a quantitative analysis of the uncertainties in creating the matchups.
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Epstein, Lewis. "Wind force and wind speed". Physics Teacher 29, nr 4 (kwiecień 1991): 196–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2343275.

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González-González, Asier, i Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede. "Longitudinal wind speed time series generation to wind turbine controllers tuning". International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 7, nr 3 (15.12.2018): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.199-204.

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Although there are a wide variety of applications that require wind speed time series (WSTS), this paper emphases on WSTS to be used into wind turbine controllers tuning. These simulations involve several WSTS to perform a proper assessment. These WSTS must assure realistic wind speed variations such as wind gusts and include some rare events such as extreme wind situations. The architecture proposed to generate this WSTS is based on autoregressive models with certain post-processing. The methodology used is entirely described by precise notation as well as it is parametrized by means of data gathered from a weather station. Two main different simulations are performed and assessment; the first simulation is fed by weather data with high wind speed and great variability. The second simulation, on the opposite, use calm wind speed as a data source.Article History: Received 1st June 2018; Received in revised form Sept 6th 2018; Accepted October 10th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: González, A.G. and Guede, J.M.L. (2018) Longitudinal Wind Speed Time Series Generated With Autoregressive Methods For Wind Turbine Control. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(3), 199-204.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.199-204
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van Zadelhoff, G. J., A. Stoffelen, P. W. Vachon, J. Wolfe, J. Horstmann i M. Belmonte Rivas. "Scatterometer hurricane wind speed retrievals using cross polarization". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 6, nr 4 (28.08.2013): 7945–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-6-7945-2013.

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Abstract. Hurricane-force wind speeds can have a large societal impact and in this paper microwave C-band cross-polarized (VH) signals are investigated to assess if they can be used to derive extreme wind speed conditions. European satellite scatterometers have excellent hurricane penetration capability at C-band, but the vertically (VV) polarized signals become insensitive above 25 m s−1. VV and VH polarized backscatter signals from RADARSAT-2 SAR imagery acquired during severe hurricane events were compared to collocated SFMR wind measurements acquired by NOAA's hurricane-hunter aircraft. From this data set a Geophysical Model Function (GMF) at strong-to-extreme/severe wind speeds (i.e. 20 m s−1 < U10 < 45 m s−1) is derived. Within this wind speed regime, cross-polarized data showed no distinguishable loss of sensitivity and as such, cross-polarized data can be considered a good candidate for the retrieval of strong-to-severe wind speeds from satellite instruments. The upper limit of 45 m s−1 is defined by the currently available collocated data. The validity of the derived relationship between wind speed and VH has been evaluated by comparing the cross polarized signals to two independent wind speed datasets, i.e. short-range ECMWF Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model forecast winds and the NOAA best estimate one-minute maximum sustained winds. Analysis of the three comparison data sets confirm that cross-polarized signals from satellites will enable the retrieval of strong-to-severe wind speeds where VV or horizontal (HH) polarization data has saturated. The VH backscatter increases exponentially with respect to wind speed (linear against VH [dB]) and a near real time assessment of maximum sustained wind speed is possible using VH measurements. VH measurements thus would be an extremely valuable complement on next-generation scatterometers for Hurricane forecast warnings and hurricane model initialization.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Wind speed"

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Ndzukuma, Sibusiso. "Statistical tools for wind energy generation". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020627.

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In this study we conduct wind resource assessment to evaluate the annual energy production of a wind turbine. To estimate energy production of a wind turbine over a period of time, the power characteristics of the wind turbine are integrated with the probabilities of the wind speed expected at a chosen site. The first data set was obtained from a wind farm in Denmark. We propose several probability density functions to model the distribution of the wind speed. We use techniques from nonlinear regression analysis to model the power curve of a wind turbine. The best fit distribution model is assessed by performing numeric goodness–of–fit measures and graphical analyses. Johnson’s bounded (SB) distribution provides the best fit model with the smallest Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test statistic . 15. The four parameter logistic nonlinear regression (4PL) model is determined to provide the best fit to the power curve data, according to the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The estimated annual energy yield is compared to the actual production of the wind turbine. Our models underestimate the actual energy production by a 1 difference. In Chapter Six we conduct data processing, analyses and comparison of wind speed distributions using a data set obtained from a measuring wind mast mounted in Humansdorp, Eastern Cape. The expected annual energy production is estimated by using the certified power curve as provided by the manufacturer of the wind turbine under study. The commonly used Weibull distribution is determined to provide the best fit distribution model to our selected models. The annual energy yield is estimated at 7.33 GWh, with a capacity factor of 41.8 percent.
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Mason, Jesse Cheyenne. "On improving wind-turbine hub-height wind-speed forecasts". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46558.

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Goodfellow, David. "Variable speed operation of wind turbines". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7822.

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This work describes a control system in which a cycloconverter is connected between the secondary windings of a three phase induction machine and the a. c. mains supply to give variable speed sub- and super –synchronously. In order to control the system smoothly in an asynchronous mode a secondary emf signal generator has been designed, which enables the cycloconverter to operate in synchronism with the emf induced in the secondary windings of the machine. A computer programme has been written which calculates the required firing angles for the cycloconverter to produce secondary current in phase with the secondary emf in the machine. An electronic system has been built which ensures that these firing angles are used by the cycloconverter during actual operation. A cycloconverter has been built, using an effective six phases of mains supply, and has been successfully operated over a range of 20% about synchronous speed in both generating and motoring modes. Results show the ability of the cycloconverter to drive the machine up from standstill as a motor to just below 20% subsynchronous speed. An on-line computer simulation of a wind turbine has been developed which enables an assessment of variable speed generation applied to wind turbines to be achieved. This simulation, in connection with a d. c. machine and thyristor controller, can be used to drive the shaft of the induction machine and assess operation of the cycloconverter control scheme under actual wind turbine operating conditions.
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Al-Qahtani, Turki Haif. "An improved design of wind towers for wind induced natural ventilation". Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323566.

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Orimoto, Mika. "Regional analysis of extreme gust wind speed". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7043.

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There are two objectives of this study. The first objective is to determine the domain of attraction of an extreme value distribution of gust wind speeds, at a selected station, when only limited samples from the site are available. The second objective is to perform a series of homogeneity tests for the selected stations, such that homogenous regions for these extreme gust winds may be identified. After carefully examining the wind data available, it was decided that 133 out of more than 750 stations in the contiguous United States were selected for the study. These selected stations all have confirmed Exposure C environments, with at least 15 years of records. All wind speeds used in this study were adjusted to 10 meters above ground level. On the basis of a S-statistic method, the proper representations of extreme gust winds at the 133 selected weather stations in the contiguous United States are examined. The results indicate that the annual extreme gust wind speeds at 65 out of the 133 stations are Gumbel extreme value distributions (Type I), whereas the other 68 stations' extreme gust wind speeds are reverse Weibull (Type III), distributed. Nine homogeneous regions, for the annual extreme gust winds, were identified by applying a Type I based regional analysis. This analysis was applied to the 65 stations in the contiguous United States whose annual extreme gust winds are Type I distributed.
x, 92 leaves
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Harvey, Scott A. "Low-speed wind tunnel flow quality determination". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5584.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
lected points. Incorporated instrumentation includes pressure transducers attached to a pitot-static tube, wall static pressure taps, and a pressure rake; a hotwire anemometry system, and a linear traverse system. These were integrated with a data acquisition (DAQ) processor with analog to digital conversion and digital I/O boards, and controlled using in-house developed LabVIEW software. Testing showed a maximum axial velocity of 38 m/s, which is 84% of the tunnel?s rated speed. The 2-D flow uniformity was within ±7% by pressure rake, and ±3% with a turbulence intensity ?0.11% at full speed using a CTA, affirming the tunnel?s viability as a demonstration platform. Spectral density plots in the boundary layer exhibit typical behavior of fully developed equilibrium turbulent flow with an intertial sub-range present. Future testing of a flat-plate wake for drag modification is planned.
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Wilson, Joshua David. "Quantifying hurricane wind speed with undersea sound". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39204.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-169).
Hurricanes, powerful storms with wind speeds that can exceed 80 m/s, are one of the most destructive natural disasters known to man. While current satellite technology has made it possible to effectively detect and track hurricanes, expensive 'hurricane-hunting' aircraft are required to accurately classify their destructive power. Here we show that passive undersea acoustic techniques may provide a promising tool for accurately quantifying the destructive power of a hurricane and so may provide a safe and inexpensive alternative to aircraft-based techniques. It is well known that the crashing of wind-driven waves generates underwater noise in the 10 Hz to 10 kHz range. Theoretical and empirical evidence are combined to show that underwater acoustic sensing techniques may be valuable for measuring the wind speed and determining the destructive power of a hurricane. This is done by first developing a model for the acoustic intensity and mutual intensity in an ocean waveguide due to a hurricane and then determining the relationship between local wind speed and underwater acoustic intensity.
(cont.) Acoustic measurements of the underwater noise generated by hurricane Gert are correlated with meteorological data from reconnaissance aircraft and satellites to show that underwater noise intensity between 10 and 50 Hz is approximately proportional to the cube of the local wind speed. From this it is shown that it should be feasible to accurately measure the local wind speed and quantify the destructive power of a hurricane if its eye wall passes directly over a single underwater acoustic sensor. The potential advantages and disadvantages of the proposed acoustic method are weighed against those of currently employed techniques. It has also long been known that hurricanes generate microseisms in the 0.1 to 0.6 Hz frequency range through the non-linear interaction of ocean surface waves. Here we model microseisms generated by the spatially inhomogeneous waves of a hurricane with the non-linear wave equation where a second-order acoustic field is created by first-order ocean surface wave motion. We account for the propagation of microseismic noise through range-dependent waveguide environments from the deep ocean to a receiver on land. We compare estimates based on the ocean surface wave field measured in hurricane Bonnie with seismic measurements from Florida.
by Joshua David Wilson.
Ph.D.
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Licari, John. "Control of a variable speed wind turbine". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/46516/.

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Stop signal task of response inhibition, I find that response inhibition (stopping) is slowed in the presence of angry facial expressions, and such slowing is greater in individuals high in trait neuroticism. Further, as predicted, the influence of neuroticism is moderated by individual differences in emotion regulation, such that good emotion regulation ‘buffers’ the impact of neuroticism. The implications of these findings for current cognitive models of threat-processing are discussed.
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Letellier, Baptiste. "Forecasting Maximum Wind Speed at Offshore Sites". Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191790.

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For energy companies involved in the construction and operation of offshore wind power plants, such as Vattenfall, the knowledge of maximum wind speed is critical for logistics, safety and economic reasons. This thesis investigates the possibility to forecast maximum wind speeds at offshore sites, studies the accuracy of these forecasts, and details the employed methodology, so that it can be adapted to other cases in the future. In order to produce maximum wind speed forecasts, different statistical models were selected, some of them appropriate for short-term predictions (from 1h to 6h ahead), the others aiming at longer-term predictions (days ahead, up to 72h). The methodology consisted in selecting the right parameters for each model, depending on wind measurements and weather forecasts at the tested sites. Then forecasts were issued using the models’ equations, forecasted maximum wind speeds were compared with the real values, and the model delivering the best forecasts selected. The study demonstrated that, if appropriate statistical models were chosen – such as Vector Auto-Regression for short-term, and Generalized Additive Model for long-term – the average errors of precision for maximum wind speeds prediction were lower than 2 m/s, making the forecasts accurate enough to be used. Some work on the models still has to be done before they can be fully integrated into Vattenfall’s in-house weather forecasting system, but the first results are promising.
Energiföretag som Vattenfall, som deltar i byggandet och driften av vindkraftverk, behöver löpande ha korrekt kunskap om vindhastighetsvärden, som är avgörande för logistiken, säkerheten och ekonomin. Detta examensarbete undersöker möjligheten att förutsäga maximala vindhastigheter på offshore platser, studerar riktigheten i dessa prognoser, och specificerar tillgängliga och beprövade metoder för väderprognoser så att de kan anpassas till Vattenfalls behov. För att komma fram med prognoser om maximalt vindhastighet, olika statistiska modeller har valts. Några av dem är lämpliga för kortsiktiga prognoser (från 1 timme och upp till 6 timmar i förväg), andra syftar till att leverera förutsägelser på längre sikt (dagar framåt, upp till 72h). Metodiken bestod i att välja rätt parametrar för varje modell, beroende på vindmätningar och väderprognoser på de testade platserna. Prognoserna utfärdades med hjälp av modellernas ekvationer och de prognostiserade maximala vindhastigheterna jämfördes med de uppmätta värden i verkligheten, därmed kunde den mest lämpade modellen identifieras. Studien visar att i förekommande fall då statistiska modeller valdes - såsom Vector Auto-Regression för kortsiktiga, och respektive Generaliserad Additiv Modell för långsiktiga prognoser - det genomsnittliga precisionsfelet för förutsägelsen av maximal vindhastighet var lägre än 2 m/s, således var prognoserna tillräckligt noggranna för att appliceras i riktiga tillämpningar. En del arbete på modellernas inlärning återstår att göras innan de kan integreras fullt ut i Vattenfalls interna väderprognossystemet, men de första resultaten härmed är mycket lovande.
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Ramtharan, Gnanasambandapillai. "Control of variable speed wind turbine generators". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556174.

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Książki na temat "Wind speed"

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Abild, J. Application of the wind atlas method to extremes of wind climatology. Roskilde: Risø National Laboratory, 1994.

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Barlow, Jewel B. Low-speed wind tunnel testing. Wyd. 3. New York: Wiley, 1999.

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Simiu, Emil. Extreme wind distribution tails: A 'peaks over threshold' approach. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1995.

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Simiu, Emil. Estimates of hurricane wind speeds by the 'peaks over threshold' method. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1996.

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Dear, S. J. Western Australia wind atlas: Results of research carried out as MERIWA Project No E116 in the School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University. East Perth, WA: Distributed by MERIWA, 1990.

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Bell, James H. Contraction design for small low-speed wind tunnels. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1988.

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Smith, Stewart Ellis. An instrument for measuring turbulence during wind erosion. Perth, W.A: Division of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, 1994.

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Hughes, Christopher G. Summary of low-speed wind tunnel results of several high-speed counterrotation propeller configurations. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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Hughes, Christopher G. Summary of low-speed wind tunnel results of several high-speed counterrotation propeller configurations. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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Hughes, Christopher G. Summary of low-speed wind tunnel results of several high-speed counterrotation propeller configurations. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1988.

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Części książek na temat "Wind speed"

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Fujino, Yozo, Kichiro Kimura i Hiroshi Tanaka. "Design Wind Speed". W Wind Resistant Design of Bridges in Japan, 39–70. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54046-5_4.

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Soloviev, Alexander, i Roger Lukas. "High Wind Speed Regime". W The Near-Surface Layer of the Ocean, 397–450. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7621-0_6.

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Mao, Rui, Cuicui Shi, Qi Zong, Xingya Feng, Yijie Sun, Yufei Wang i Guohao Liang. "Mapping Wind Speed Changes". W Atlas of Global Change Risk of Population and Economic Systems, 67–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6691-9_4.

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Streszczenie:
AbstractWind variability has a major impact on water cycles, wind energy, and natural hazards and disasters such as hurricanes and typhoons. In the past decades, the global and regional mean near-surface wind speed (sfcWind) has shown a significantly downward trend, especially in the mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere (Wu et al. 2018). The global mean terrestrial sfcWind has decreased linearly at a rate of 0.08 m s−1 per decade during 1981–2011. Vautard et al. (2010) analyzed changes in sfcWind at stations across the globe and found that 73% of the total stations presented a decrease in the annual mean sfcWind, with linear trends of −0.09, −0.16, −0.12, and −0.07 m s−1 per decade in Europe, Central Asia, East Asia, and North America, respectively. In addition, a pronounced reduction in extreme sfcWind has also been observed in Europe and the United States (Yan et al. 2002; Pryor et al. 2012). However, because long-term observational data are lacking in most land areas and oceans, the uncertainty in the long-term trend of sfcWind is high, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere and over oceans.
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Tambke, J., J. A. T. Bye, Bernhard Lange i J. O. Wolff. "Wind Speed Profiles above the North Sea". W Wind Energy, 27–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33866-6_5.

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Lindau, Ralf. "Scalar Wind Speed plus Resultant Wind Vector". W Climate Atlas of the Atlantic Ocean, 201–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59526-4_20.

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Wood, David. "Starting and Low Wind Speed Performance". W Small Wind Turbines, 101–17. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-175-2_6.

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Batill, Stephen M., i Robert C. Nelson. "Low Speed, Indraft Wind Tunnels". W Lecture Notes in Engineering, 25–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83831-6_2.

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Bearce, Stephanie, i Eliza Bolli. "Science Lab Measure Wind Speed". W Twisted True Tales from Science Disaster Discoveries, 125–27. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003239260-32.

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Yu, Kegen. "Sea Surface Wind Speed Estimation". W Navigation: Science and Technology, 125–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0411-9_6.

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Kasperski, Michael. "Estimation of the Design Wind Speed". W Advanced Structural Wind Engineering, 27–58. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54337-4_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Wind speed"

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Rosmin, N., S. J. Watson i M. Tompson. "Speed Control at Low Wind Speeds for a Variable Speed Fixed Pitch Wind Turbine". W Modelling, Identification, and Control. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.675-119.

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Erwin, Wahyu Nur Hidayat i Slamet Wiyono. "Low Wind Speed Wind Tunnel Performance Test: Uniformity Wind Speed in Test Section". W Conference on Broad Exposure to Science and Technology 2021 (BEST 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.220131.069.

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Madsen, Helge A., Torben J. Larsen, Gunner C. Larsen i Kurt S. Hansen. "Wake flow characteristics at high wind speed". W 34th Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-1522.

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Elliott, Heather A., David J. McComas, William H. Matthaeus, Carl J. Henney, M. Maksimovic, K. Issautier, N. Meyer-Vernet, M. Moncuquet i F. Pantellini. "Solar Wind Speed And Temperature Relationship". W TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3395974.

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Watanabe, H., M. Kojima, Y. Kozuka, Y. Yamauchi i H. Misawa. "Source regions of very low speed solar winds". W Proceedings of the eigth international solar wind conference: Solar wind eight. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.51371.

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Ahluwalia, H. S., S. S. Xue, M. M. Fikani i P. R. Gazis. "Long term variability of the solar wind speed". W Proceedings of the eigth international solar wind conference: Solar wind eight. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.51429.

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Ohmi, Tomoaki. "Evidences for Low-speed Streams from Small Coronal Hole". W SOLAR WIND TEN: Proceedings of the Tenth International Solar Wind Conference. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1618560.

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Yamashita, Masahiro. "Radial dependence of propagation speed of solar wind disturbance". W SOLAR WIND TEN: Proceedings of the Tenth International Solar Wind Conference. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1618702.

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Grall, R. R., Wm A. Coles i M. T. Klinglesmith. "Observations of the solar wind speed near the sun". W Proceedings of the eigth international solar wind conference: Solar wind eight. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.51353.

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Hafidi, Ghizlane, i Jonathan Chauvin. "Wind speed estimation for wind turbine control". W 2012 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2012.6402654.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Wind speed"

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Avara, Elton P., i Bruce T. Miers. Surface Wind Speed Distributions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, czerwiec 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada253268.

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Simley, E., i L. Y. Pao. LIDAR Wind Speed Measurements of Evolving Wind Fields. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1047935.

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Todd E. Mills i Judy Tatum. Hi-Q Rotor - Low Wind Speed Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/971423.

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Lauw, Hinan K., Claus H. Weigand i Dallas A. Marckx. Variable-Speed Wind System Design : Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10125834.

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Levitan, Marc. Tornado Wind Speed Maps for Building Design:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2242.

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Preus, Robert W., i DOE Project Officer - Keith Bennett. ARE660 Wind Generator: Low Wind Speed Technology for Small Turbine Development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/927424.

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Ghee, Terence A., i Nigel J. Taylor. Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Tests on a Diamond Wing High Lift Configuration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, czerwiec 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377908.

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Johnson, K. E. Adaptive Torque Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15008864.

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Schaub, Jr, i William R. Wind-Speed Forecasting Study for Westover AFB, Massachusetts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, grudzień 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada247545.

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Connell, J. R., i R. L. George. Using a new characterization of turbulent wind for accurate correlation of wind turbine response with wind speed. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6060322.

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