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Fitzgerald, Liana. "Glimpses of Meaning: Aboriginal Literature and Western Audiences". Linguaculture 11, nr 2 (10.12.2020): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2020-2-0175.
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One of the most subtle and complex oral literatures, Australian Aboriginal literature, still keeps meaning covert to Western readers, despite its ever-growing popularity and prolificity. As an introduction to an ongoing research into orality in Australian Aboriginal Literature, this paper aims to focus on a number of reasons which, while make Aboriginal stories more palatable for Western culture, distil original meaning of concepts, beliefs and traditions. In other words, what are some of the elements which hinder source – reader communication when it comes to Australian Aboriginal literature? The focus of this paper is meaning transformation through layers of interpretation, starting from an original performance of a story, with its syncretism of art forms. It is well worth it to explore such development of meaning, from performance to oral translation into English, with its later written form, to ultimately broken-down fragments covert within poems or novels. It is of no wonder Western readership comes up against difficulty in grasping meaning from Australian Aboriginal literature, as our own understanding of universal concepts, such as time, space, spirituality is so fundamentally different. There are, however, valuable lessons to be learnt and any effort will yield reward.
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TIMMS, BRIAN V., i PETER HUDSON. "The brine shrimps (Artemia and Parartemia) of South Australia, including descriptions of four new species of Parartemia (Crustacea: Anostraca: Artemiina)". Zootaxa 2248, nr 1 (6.10.2009): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2248.1.2.
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The Australian endemic brine shrimp Parartemia is more speciose than the literature suggests, with eight described species, four new ones added here from South Australia and many undescribed species elsewhere in Australia. P. acidiphila n. sp. occurs in acidic salinas on Eyre Peninsula, in the Gawler Ranges in South Australia and also in the Esperance hinterland, Western Australia, while P. auriciforma n. sp., P. triquetra n. sp. and P. yarleensis n. sp. occur in remote episodic salinas in western South Australia. Introduced Artemia franciscana and A. parthenogenetica are limited to present and defunct salt works; reports of Artemia beyond salt works in South Australia are enigmatic.
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SHEA, GLENN, SCOTT THOMSON i ARTHUR GEORGES. "The identity of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae) reassessed". Zootaxa 4779, nr 3 (20.05.2020): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4779.3.9.
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The identity of Chelodina oblonga has been unclear because it has been variously defined to include populations of snake-necked chelid turtle from the southwest of Western Australia, across northern Australia, Cape York and southern New Guinea in its broadest conception, from just the northern part of this range (northern Australia and New Guinea), or restricted to the southwest corner of Western Australia in its narrowest conception. Uncertainty over the identity of the type specimens has added to the confusion. In this paper, we review the historical data on the extent of the type series of Chelodina oblonga, and its potential provenance, and find evidence that resolves some of the inconsistencies in previous literature on the identification of the type. Our analysis casts doubt on the northern Australian provenance of the type material. Hence, we return the name C. oblonga to the south-western species, in accordance with the genetic evidence for the provenance of the type in the Natural History Museum, London, and the external morphology of the type series. We designate a lectotype for the species, and redefine the subgeneric names that apply to the Australasian genus Chelodina, providing a new subgeneric name for one lineage.
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Szunejko, Monika. "Literature Classification Schemes at Two West Australian University Libraries: Murdoch University and the University of Western Australia". Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 36, nr 2 (marzec 2003): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j104v36n02_06.
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Yates, Rachel, Leanne Wells i Kate Carnell. "General Practice Based Multidisciplinary Care Teams in Australia: Still some unanswered questions. A discussion paper from the Australian General Practice Network". Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, nr 2 (2007): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07018.
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Evidence indicates that general practice-based multidisciplinary teams can offer a means of addressing some of the key issues currently facing Western health systems, especially workforce and chronic disease management. Elements of team-working have been addressed in research and policy initiatives both overseas and in Australia, yet some important aspects of primary health care multidisciplinary team-working still remain unclear in the Australian context. This discussion paper has been developed by the Australian General Practice Network (AGPN) to raise awareness of and promote thought on four questions relating to multidisciplinary team-working that AGPN considers important but that, as yet, have not been fully addressed. (Except where indicated, it is not a position statement about AGPN's views on this matter.) Questions considered are: Who is in the team? What makes a successful team? How should teams be funded in Australia? Who coordinates the team? Each question broadly considers what is already known about the area through purposeful literature reviews of the published and grey literature, current policy impacting on the area, and suggested areas for policy development in the context of Australian general practice and primary care.
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Spennemann, D. H. R., i L. R. Allen. "Feral olives ( Olea europaea) as future woody weeds in Australia: a review". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, nr 6 (2000): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98141.
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Olives (Olea europaea ssp. europaea), dispersed from 19th century orchards in the Adelaide area, have become established in remnant bushland as a major environmental weed. Recent expansion of the Australian olive industry has resulted in the widespread planting of olive orchards in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and parts of Tasmania. This paper reviews the literature on the activity of vertebrate (principally avian) olive predators and their potential as vectors for spreading this plant into Australian remnant bushland. The effects of feralisation on the olive plant, which enhances its capacity for dispersal as a weed, place wider areas of south-eastern Australia at risk. A number of approaches for the control of olives as woody weeds are addressed. Proponents of new agricultural crops have moral and environmental obligations to assess the weed potential of these crops.
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Copping, Alicia, Jane Shakespeare-Finch i Douglas Paton. "Towards a Culturally Appropriate Mental Health System: Sudanese-Australians' Experiences with Trauma". Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 4, nr 1 (1.05.2010): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.4.1.53.
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AbstractAustralia is fortunate to welcome approximately 13,000 humanitarian entrants per year, most of whom have experienced protracted violence, hardship and life in refugee camps. The majority of humanitarian migrants were raised in cultural contexts very different to that of Australia, contributing to the increasing diversity of this region. With this diversity comes a responsibility to ensure every Australian receives culturally appropriate mental healthcare. Those who are forced into migration have experienced trauma and the stress of acculturation often compounds this trauma. This study investigated the experience of trauma from the perspectives of Sudanese-Australians. Grounded theory methodology was employed to extract themes from interviews with 15 Sudanese-Australians aged between 19 and 49 years. Results demonstrated four overarching themes: support, religion, strength and new possibilities. The data within these themes are compared and contrasted with previous literature that has examined notions of trauma, distress and growth in western populations. Conclusions drawn from these results highlight the need to build inclusive practices that support diversity into existing trauma services in Australia.
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Brookman, Ruth P., i Karl KK Wiener. "Predicting punitive attitudes to sentencing: Does the public's perceptions of crime and Indigenous Australians matter?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 50, nr 1 (27.07.2016): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865815620702.
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In English-speaking western cultures the punitive attitudes towards law-breakers is well documented. The present study examines the utility of predictors of punitive attitudes with online survey data obtained from a convenience sample of 566 Australian residents. After controlling for demographic variables, the study examines the utility of two theoretical models; the Crime–distrust model and the Racial–animus model, in predicting punitive attitudes. All three factors of the Crime–distrust model significantly predict punitive attitudes. The study extends the current literature through identifying the significance of negative perceptions of Indigenous Australians in predicting punitive attitudes to sentencing. Results suggest that community perception of Indigenous Australians is a significant predictor of punitive attitudes in addition to factors of the Crime–distrust model. Future research using a more representative sample of the Australian population is recommended to increase the confidence with which findings are interpreted.
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Fillery, IR, i KJ McInnes. "Components of the fertiliser nitrogen balance for wheat production on duplex soils". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, nr 7 (1992): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920887.
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In this paper, we review literature on the fate of fertiliser nitrogen (N) applied to duplex soils in wheat-growing regions of southern Australia, and discuss the contribution of specific N transformations to N loss. Duplex soils are characterised by the presence of soil material, within the rooting depth of crops, that possess hydraulic conductivities that are lower than those of overlying material. Denitrification and the transport of nitrate below rooting depth of crops are thought to be the chief causes of loss of fertiliser N and to contribute to poor grain yields. Ammonia volatilisation could contribute also to N loss. The fate of fertiliser N commonly applied to wheat in southern Australia has largely been evaluated using budgeting procedures using l5N, a stable isotope of N. Results from studies in south-eastem Australia, using red-brown earths, indicate that between 10 and 40% of applied 15N can be lost irrespective of time of application to wheat. Denitrification is believed to be the chief cause of loss of l5N. Similar studies on yellow duplex soils in Western Australia have shown fertiliser N loss to range from 70% to no loss of the l5N applied. The exact cause of N loss in Western Australian studies is unclear. There was circumstantial evidence for ammonia loss from surface-applied urea, and evidence of leaching of nitrates from this and other ammoniumbased fertilisers. The role of denitrification has not been clarified in Western Australian studies. In the majority of studies, recovery of 15N in aboveground biomass exceeded 40% of that applied. In addition, between 17 and 48% of applied 15N, of which 10-15% may be in root material, has been recovered in the soil organic matter pool. The predominance of the denitrification process in south-eastern Australian soils, and the inability to improve the efficiency of utilisation of 15N by delaying the time of application to wheat underscores the importance of controlling the nitrification process using inhibitors. Management options for Western Australian soils are less clear. Some agronomic experiments have demonstrated the advantage of delaying the application of fertiliser N to wheat to improve the efficiency of its utilisation. There is also evidence which suggests that N should be applied early in the growth cycle to promote tiller development and thereby increase the potential for grain yield.
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Catalano, Sarah R., Kate S. Hutson, Rodney M. Ratcliff i Ian D. Whittington. "The value of host and parasite identification for arripid fish". Marine and Freshwater Research 62, nr 1 (2011): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10193.
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Accurate identification of fishes and their parasites is fundamental to the development, management and sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture worldwide. We examined three commercially and recreationally exploited Australian arripid species (Pisces: Arripidae), namely Australian herring (Arripis georgianus), eastern Australian salmon (A. trutta) and western Australian salmon (A. truttaceus), to determine their metazoan parasite assemblages and infection parameters. We identified 49 parasite species including 35 new parasite–host records and recognised seven ambiguous parasite–host records in the literature, largely a consequence of unsubstantiated host identifications in previous studies. Morphological and molecular methods confirmed a new western extension for the range of A. trutta, ∼1000 km west of the previous record. Confusion about host identification and the range extension documented here has implications for the management of these economically important arripid species in southern Australian waters. Our examination of an endemic Australian fish family emphasises that accurate identification of fishes and their parasites is a fundamental pre-requisite for efficient and sustainable resource management.
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Preston, Alison, i Elisa Birch. "The Western Australian wage structure and gender wage gap: A post-mining boom analysis". Journal of Industrial Relations 60, nr 5 (31.10.2018): 619–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618791589.
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Whilst there is a large literature on the determinant of wages in Australia, relatively few studies have examined the determinants of wages at a state level. In this article, we present a study of the determinants of earnings in Western Australia, a state that experienced rapid growth during the mining boom of 2003–2013. We show that the relatively stronger wage growth in Western Australia since 2001 is the product of both compositional and price effects. We also report on the Western Australia and rest of Australia gender wage gaps. Our decomposition analysis of the mean gender wage gap shows that industry effects (as a result of gender segmentation across industry) account for a much larger share of the Western Australia gender wage gap than they do elsewhere in Australia, with the mining, construction and transport sectors driving the industry effects. Using quantile analysis we show that, relative to the rest of Australia, the Western Australia gender wage gaps are larger at both the bottom and the top of the wage distribution. At the median the Western Australia gender wage gap, at 2014–2016, is on par with that prevailing elsewhere in Australia, with women in both groups earning 10% less than their male counterparts, all else held equal.
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Almutairi, K., C. Inderjeeth, D. Preen, H. Keen i J. Nossent. "POS1442 THE PREVALENCE OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA EXTRAPOLATED FROM HOSPITALISATION AND BIOLOGICAL THERAPY USAGE DATA". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23.05.2022): 1065.1–1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4170.
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BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a heterogeneous chronic autoimmune disease that affects the synovial joint lining and may result in permanent joint destruction, premature death, and socio-economic burden.1 Although RA is one of Australia’s national health priority areas and gathering information about the RA burden of disease was one of the national action plans2, no published epidemiological study adequately describes RA prevalence and risk factors for frequent hospitalisations in Western Australia (WA) to date. An accurate prevalence estimate of this disease offers a framework for predicting present and growing healthcare service requirements in the future.3ObjectivesWe estimated RA period prevalence and identified risk factors of frequent RA hospitalisations, using linked administrative health and state-specific Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) datasets in WA from 1995–2014.MethodsRA prevalence was calculated per 1000 hospital separations and biological therapy users. RA patients were identified in the WA linked health dataset using ICD codes 714.0–714.9 and M05.00–M06.99. Dispensing data on biological therapy for RA were obtained from PBS records and converted to defined daily doses/1000 population/day. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse risk factors for frequent RA hospitalisations (>2/year), controlling for sex, age, and geographic locations.ResultsA total of 17,125 RA patients were admitted to WA hospitals between 1995–2014. The total number of RA hospital separations was 50,353, averaging three hospitalisations per patient over 20 years. The RA period prevalence was 3.4 per 1,000 separations (0.34%), while the RA period prevalence based on biological therapy use was 0.36%. The corrected RA prevalence based on biological therapy usage was 0.36% and 0.72% for the 2005–2009 and 2010–2014 periods, respectively (Table 1). Female gender, age 60–69 years, and living in rural areas were all risk factors for frequent RA hospitalisations.Table 1.Total number of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients in Western Australia taking a standard dose daily (DDD) of RA biological therapy from 1995 to 2014.YearTotal RA bDMARDs utilisation (DDD/1000 population/day)WA general populationPrevalence of RA bDMARDs use in WA population (%)Number of RA patients use standard dose daily of bDMARDs at WA20030.011,952,7410.001420040.081,979,5420.0115820050.162,011,2070.0232920060.232,050,5810.0247620070.312,106,1390.0364320080.502,171,7000.051,09420090.602,240,2500.061,33820100.592,290,8450.061,36120110.632,353,4090.061,47520120.772,425,5070.081,85920130.662,486,9440.071,64920141.002,517,6080.102,510Abbreviations: bDMARDs, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs included Abatacept, Adalimumab, Certolizumab, Etanercept, Golimumab, Infliximab, Rituximab, Tocilizumab; DDD, defined daily doses; RA, Rheumatoid arthritis; WA, Western Australia.ConclusionBased on hospital and biological therapy data, the minimal prevalence of RA in Western Australia is 0.34–0.36%, which falls within the literature range. Older female RA patients in rural areas were more likely to be hospitalised, suggesting unmet needs in primary care access.References[1] Guo Q, Wang Y, Xu D, Nossent J, Pavlos NJ, Xu J. (2018) Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies. Bone Res. 6, 15.[2] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2006) National indicators for monitoring osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis. pp. 55. AIHW, Canberra.[3]Hanly JG, Thompson K, Skedgel C. (2015) The use of administrative health care databases to identify patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Open access rheumatology: research and reviews. 7(6), 69-75.AcknowledgementsThe authors thank the data custodians of Hospital Morbidity Data Collection, Emergency Department Data Collection, the Death Registrations and staff at the Western Australian Data Linkage Branch to assist in the provision of data. Special thanks to the University of Western Australia to support KA with an Australian Government Research Training Program PhD Scholarship and the Australian Rheumatology Association WA for Research Fellowship Award.Disclosure of InterestsKhalid Almutairi: None declared, Charles Inderjeeth Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, David Preen: None declared, Helen Keen Speakers bureau: Pfizer Australia, Abbvie Australia, Johannes Nossent Speakers bureau: Janssen
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Robertson, Francesca, David Coall, Dan McAullay i Alison Nannup. "Intergenerational influences of hunger and community violence on the Aboriginal people of Western Australia: A review". International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 12, nr 2 (10.10.2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v12i1.1183.
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There is a consensus in the literature that hunger and community violence inaugurates adverse health impacts for survivors and for their descendants. The studied cohorts do not include Western Australian Aboriginal people, although many experienced violence and famine conditions as late as the 1970s. This article describes the pathways and intergenerational impacts of studied cohorts and applies these to the contemporary Western Australian context. The authors found that the intergenerational impacts, compounded by linguistic trauma, may be a contributor to current health issues experienced by Aboriginal people, but these are also contributing to the resurgence in population numbers.
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Clayton, Edward H., Tanya L. Hanstock i Jane F. Watson. "Estimated intakes of meat and fish by children and adolescents in Australia and comparison with recommendations". British Journal of Nutrition 101, nr 12 (5.12.2008): 1731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508135887.
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Long-chainn-3 PUFA are considered important for cardiovascular health and brain development. Meat other than fish contributes significantly to total intakes of long-chainn-3 PUFA in adults; however, there are limited published data examining the intake of individual meat sources in children and adolescents in the Australian population. A review of literature was conducted using PubMed, Agricola and CAB Abstracts using the terms ‘intake’, ‘beef’, ‘lamb’, ‘pork’, ‘poultry’, ‘fish’, ‘children’ and ‘adolescents’ and using reference lists in published articles. Studies and surveys were identified that contained published values for intakes of meat or fish. Two national dietary surveys of children and adolescents were conducted in Australia in 1985 and 1995 and two regional surveys were conducted in Western Sydney and Western Australia in 1994 and 2003, respectively. Comprehensive data for the intake of individual meat sources were not reported from the 1995 survey, but estimations of intake were calculated from published values. Reported intakes of meat and fish are generally lower in females than males and tend to increase with age. Weighted mean intakes of red meat (beef plus lamb) across the three most recent studies were 67·3 and 52·2 g/d, respectively, for males and females aged between 7 and 12 years and 87·7 and 54·2 g/d, respectively, for males and females aged 12–18 years. These weighted intakes are within Australian guidelines and are likely to contribute significantly to total long-chainn-3 PUFA intake in children and adolescents in the Australian population.
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Johnson, MS, DR Hebbert i MJ Moran. "Genetic analysis of populations of north-western Australian fish species". Marine and Freshwater Research 44, nr 5 (1993): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930673.
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Allozyme variation was used to investigate the genetic structure of Lutjanus sebae, Lethrinus nebulosus, Lethrinus choerorynchus, and Epinephelus multinotatus, which are components of a multispecies fishery off north-western Australia. Samples of each species were obtained from five or six localities, over a total distance of 1400-2080 km. Allelic variation was found at 13-16 loci in each species. The consistent picture to emerge was one of little genetic subdivision in all four species, with average values of FST ranging from 0.003 in L. sebae to 0.012 in E. multinotatus. Although there was statistically significant variation in allelic frequencies in three of the species, there were no clear geographical groupings of populations. With the possible exception of clinal variation for aldehyde oxidase in E. multinotatus, all heterogeneity of allelic frequencies was within the range that could easily be due to within-generation effects of selection. Thus, the allozyme data are consistent with the view that there are extensive connections of populations over large distances. The electrophoretic study also confirmed that, contrary to suggestions in the literature, L. nebulosus, L. choerorynchus, and Lethrinus laticaudis are reproductively isolated species.
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Busbridge, Rachel. "A multicultural success story? Australian integration in comparative focus". Journal of Sociology 56, nr 2 (15.08.2019): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783319869525.
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Australia is often held up as an exemplary multicultural society in cross-national comparisons, particularly in relation to the integration of immigrants. Yet, this ‘grand narrative’ of Australia’s multicultural success risks an over-simplified picture of the dynamics of integration in Australia, obscuring dimensions on which Australia’s performance is comparatively poor. Juliet Pietsch’s Race, Ethnicity and the Participation Gap makes a valuable contribution to a more nuanced discussion, asking why the political participation of non-European ethnic and immigrant minorities in Australia is so low compared to Canada and the United States. This review article brings Pietsch into critical conversation with two recent books on comparative integration in North America and Western Europe: Richard Alba and Nancy Foner’s S trangers No More and Gulay Ugur Goksel’s Integration of Immigrants and the Theory of Recognition. Read alongside each other, these texts encourage deeper reflection on where Australia sits on a variety of indicators of immigrant integration as well as how integration is conceptualised in Australia. This article thus contributes to existing literature on the contemporary state of Australian multiculturalism, while also pointing towards directions for future research.
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MARSDEN, SIMON. "PROTECTING HERITAGE ON AUSTRALIA'S COASTS: A ROLE FOR STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT?" Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, nr 03 (wrzesień 2013): 1350014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500142.
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This article examines two experiences with strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in Australia, one complete the other in progress. The first applied SEA to a plan for a liquefied natural gas hub precinct on the National Heritage listed Kimberley coast of Western Australia, and the second applies SEA to a coastal management, planning and development framework for the World Heritage listed Great Barrier Reef on the coast of Queensland. Both cases illustrate the approach of the Australian governments to SEA, highlighting the benefits of the approach yet certain flaws in application and process. The research consists of an extensive evaluation of the relevant legislation, its application and reform, together with a thorough literature review. Results highlight concerns in relation to the objective of SEA in Australia, its initiation and timing, consideration of alternatives, and governance. Conclusions are that SEA in Australia will be enhanced if the purpose is more explicitly focused on environmental protection, if SEA is applied early to a reasonable range of alternative sites, and if the Australian Government continues to play an active role in relation to matters of national environmental significance.
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Mollenhauer, Jeanette. "Stepping to the fore: The promotion of Irish dance in Australia". Scene 8, nr 1-2 (1.12.2020): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/scene_00022_1.
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This article contributes to scant literature on Irish dance praxis in Australia by demonstrating how the confluence of global and local factors have permitted Irish dance in Australia to step to the fore. Irish step dance is a globally recognizable genre that has dispersed through, first, the migration of Irish people throughout the world and, more recently, through itinerant theatrical troupes. In Australia, a significant node of the Irish diaspora, Irish step dance has managed to achieve unusual prominence in a dance landscape that has traditionally been dominated by genres from within the Western concert dance canon. Drawing on both extant literature and ethnographic data, this article examines three threads from the narrative of Irish dance in Australia. First, the general choreographic landscape of the nation is described, showing that the preferences of Australian dance audiences have been shaped to privilege styles that are popular onstage and on-screen, with the resulting marginalization of culturally-specific genera. Second, localized effects of the global contagion instigated by the development of the stage show Riverdance are explored. Here, the domains of aesthetics and decisive marketing strategies are discussed, showing how engagement with Australian audiences was achieved. Finally, the article introduces an idiosyncratic localized influence, the children’s musical group The Wiggles, which was conceived independently but which also promoted interest and enthusiasm for Irish dance in Australia by engaging with young children and presenting propriety of Irish dance as available to all, regardless of cultural ancestry.
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Vicary, David, Mike Clare, Judy Tennant i Tine Hoult. "With us, not to us Towards policy and program development in partnership with children". Children Australia 34, nr 3 (2009): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200000729.
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Internationally, there is a growing trend for children and young people to participate in decisions affecting their lives (Bellamy 2002; Hart 1997). The active participation of children and young people is clearly articulated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989). However, despite the international movement towards children's participation, there are precious few opportunities for Australian children and young people to contribute to policy and research debate in a sustainable manner. A review of the literature demonstrates that there are few ongoing research or policy advisory groups made up of children and young people, and those that are operational are generally auspiced by Children's Commissioners (e.g. New South Wales) and policy offices addressing the issues of children and young people.In Western Australia, when children and young people are consulted, the dialogues tend to be short-term and issue-specific in nature. This paper will briefly discuss a number of techniques employed to engage Western Australian children and young people in dialogues about important issues affecting their lives. Using these examples, the barriers that challenge efficacious children's and young people's participation are discussed; finally, some suggested ways forward are delineated.
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Ferguson, Chantal, Robert Fletcher, Portia Ho i Elizabeth MacLeod. "Should Australian states and territories have designated COVID hospitals in low community transmission? Case study for Western Australia". Australian Health Review 44, nr 5 (2020): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20199.
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This case study describes the process of selecting the most appropriate state-wide hospital system to manage COVID-19 cases in a setting of low community transmission of COVID-19 infection. A rapid review of the literature was conducted of the advantages and disadvantages of having designated COVID hospitals. This led to three different options being presented for discussion. Following consultation, the option chosen was for all hospital facilities to remain prepared to care for COVID-19 patients where they present rather than having specified designated hospitals because this was considered the most practical option currently.
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Sharrock, Peta, i Helen Lockyer. "One to One and Face to Face: A Community Based Higher Education Support Strategy Retaining Indigenous Australian University Students". Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 37, nr 1 (2008): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100016069.
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AbstractLiterature relating to Indigenous Australian students in higher education highlights the need for improving the retention rates of Indigenous students in Australian universities. A cause for concern has been the increasing numbers of Indigenous Australian people experiencing lower progress and completion rates in comparison to non-Indigenous students. The literature suggests that flexible course delivery is a strategy for improving retention rates and participation. This research extends knowledge relating to the effectiveness of providing courses in flexible delivery mode as a retention strategy in Indigenous higher education. It investigates the “reverse block visit” component of a flexi-mode course delivered by the Centre for Aboriginal Studies at Curtin University of Technology in Perth, Western Australia. Initial findings suggest that this community based support strategy may be impacting positively on risk factors contributing to students withdrawing from their studies. Further research is required to explore the validity of this initial data and how the “reverse block visit” from Centre staff may be working to help students to decide to continue studying.
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Duarte Alonso, Abel, i Ian Patrick Austin. "The significance of organisational learning in a global context". Review of International Business and Strategy 27, nr 1 (6.03.2017): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-09-2016-0054.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine organisational learning (OL) among firms involved in global-trade relationships. The study adopts the stakeholder theory (ST) and the knowledge-based theory (KBT) of the firm to illuminate the research and facilitate the understanding of the areas under investigation. The study, therefore, makes contributions to the extant international business and strategy literature, both in new empirical evidence and in theoretical refinement. Design/methodology/approach In-depth, unstructured, face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted with owners/co-owners of nine Western Australian firms operating internationally. Findings Collectively, participants perceive improvements in trade relationships through increased understanding and knowledge. Importantly, OL is significantly affected by systematic and dramatic/strategic quantum change. Alignments with ST and KBT emerged, emphasising the usefulness of these frameworks to understand owners/co-owners’ best-practice stakeholder management. Furthermore, the study proposes a refinement of these frameworks to facilitate understanding of the participating firms’ OL-related strategies. Originality/value While there is a rich body of literature on OL, various knowledge gaps have been identified in contemporary research. The study provides value by contributing to new knowledge in these areas and by proposing a refinement of the used theoretical frameworks in explaining OL among Western Australian global firms. In addition, despite Western Australia’s geographic proximity to various overseas consumer markets, very few empirical studies have examined the above areas in the context of this state’s firms. By focusing on Western Australian firms, the study also provides an element of originality.
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Zhang, Chunyan. "“Civilizing Nature” in Australian Painting". Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, nr 12 (23.12.2022): 328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.912.13639.
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In Australian paintings and literary works of the colonial period, the wilderness and the Aboriginal people were represented as natural hurdles to be crossed and overcome, elements to be struggled against by the colonists who were attempting to “appropriate the environment exclusively to a British agenda of ‘civilization’ .” [1] This is manifestation of the Darwinian evolutionary rhetoric, the idea that societies progress from hunter-gatherer to Western industrialism in a linear hierarchy. This theme is prevalent in paintings and literature. Establishing this narrative was of paramount importance to the white settlers. It can be seen principally in the motif of “civilizing nature”, in which depictions of labour (images of the actual work of taming the wild landscape) or leisure (images of this work completed in the idyllic landscape) are stressed. This motif plays out the colonial agenda of celebrating masculine control over natural forces.
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Nicholls, Christine. "A Wild Roguery: Bruce Chatwin’s "The Songlines" Reconsidered". Text Matters, nr 9 (4.11.2019): 22–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-2931.09.02.
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This article revisits, analyzes and critiques Bruce Chatwin’s 1987 bestseller, The Songlines, more than three decades after its publication. In Songlines, the book primarily responsible for his posthumous celebrity, Chatwin set out to explore the essence of Central and Western Desert Aboriginal Australians’ philosophical beliefs. For many readers globally, Songlines is regarded as a—if not the—definitive entry into the epistemological basis, religion, cosmology and lifeways of classical Western and Central Desert Aboriginal people. It is argued that Chatwin’s fuzzy, ill-defined use of the word-concept “songlines” has had the effect of generating more heat than light. Chatwin’s failure to recognize the economic imperative underpinning Australian desert people’s walking praxis is problematic: his own treks through foreign lands were underpropped by socioeconomic privilege. Chatwin’s ethnocentric idée fixe regarding the primacy of “walking” and “nomadism,” central to his Songlines thématique, well and truly preceded his visits to Central Australia. Walking, proclaimed Chatwin, is an elemental part of “Man’s” innate nature. It is argued that this unwavering, preconceived, essentialist belief was a self-serving construal justifying Chatwin’s own “nomadic” adventures of identity. Is it thus reasonable to regard Chatwin as a “rogue author,” an unreliable narrator? And if so, does this matter? Of greatest concern is the book’s continuing majority acceptance as a measured, accurate account of Aboriginal belief systems. With respect to Aboriginal desert people and the barely disguised individuals depicted in Songlines, is Chatwin’s book a “rogue text,” constituting an act of epistemic violence, consistent with Spivak’s usage of that term?
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ELLIS, RYAN J., HINRICH KAISER, SIMON T. MADDOCK, PAUL DOUGHTY i WOLFGANG WÜSTER. "An evaluation of the nomina for death adders (Acanthophis Daudin, 1803) proposed by Wells & Wellington (1985), and confirmation of A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015 as the valid name for the Kimberley death adder". Zootaxa 4995, nr 1 (29.06.2021): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4995.1.9.
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We assess the availability of four names proposed by Wells & Wellington (1985) for Australian death adders (Acanthophis). In agreement with previous literature, A. hawkei is an available name, whereas A. armstrongi, A. lancasteri, and A. schistos are not described in conformity with the requirements of Articles 13.1.1 or 13.1.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and are therefore considered nomina nuda. Consequently, A. cryptamydros Maddock et al., 2015, is confirmed as the valid name for the Kimberley death adder of Western Australia. We comment on the need for greater clarity in the Code, and emphasise that the responsibility for establishing the availability of new nomina rests with their authors, not subsequent researchers.
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Fulton, Graham R. "Discovery of Australia’s Fishes: A History of Australian Ichthyology to 1930." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, nr 1 (2014): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140126.
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BRIAN Saunders is a retired ophthalmologist with a lifetime interest in marine biology and the history of ichthyology. He has previously published Shores and Shallows of Coffin Bay: An Identification Guide, in 2009, revised in 2012. That work, in its revised edition, contains extensive figures and supplementary information on other ecological parameters such as fish parasites and the habitat of the Coffin Bay area. The current work is a much greater labour, which relies on a significant knowledge of the Australian fish fauna and extensive research of the scientific and historical literature. This volume is about the discovery of Australia’s fishes (to 1930) following the main systematic and taxonomic research in Australia with the inclusion of the pertinent discoveries from further afield in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. It treats only lightly the ichthyologic and Aboriginal lore, which is outside the intent and scope of the book.
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Williams, JB, PC Withers, SD Bradshaw i KA Nagy. "Metabolism and Water Flux of Captive and Free-Living Australian Parrots". Australian Journal of Zoology 39, nr 2 (1991): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910131.
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Occupation of desert environments often requires evolutionary specialisations that minimise food and water requirements. One physiological adjustment to living in a hot, dry climate that has been found in several laboratory studies of birds is a reduced basal metabolic rate (BMR), which often translates into a diminished rate of evaporative water loss (EWL). In free-living birds, these physiological traits are thought to result in a lower field metabolic rate and water flux. We studied metabolism and water flux of a number of species of Australian parrots, both in the laboratory and in the field. After combining our laboratory data with values from the literature, we performed allometric analyses to search for evolutionary specialisation in metabolism and water flux in desert-adapted parrots. Our data do not support the idea that parrots living in arid environments have a reduced BMR. Field metabolic rates of parrots from western Australia were indistinguishable from those of other nonpasserine birds. Laboratory EWL was significantly lower for parrots living in desert environments than for those occupying more mesic habitats, and often lower than that expected from body size. Some species of parrots that live in desert regions of Australia have evolved mechanisms that reduce EWL, but this does not involve a reduction in BMR. In the field, parrots living in Western Australia had a lower water influx than predicted for nonpasserines, but this did not approach the value often found in other desert-adapted species. Values for the water economy index (water flux in free-living animals relative to their energy metabolism) were among the lowest that have been reported for desert-adapted birds.
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Usatenko, Galyna, i Tamara Usatenko. "UKRAINIAN-AUSTRALIAN LITERARY HORIZON: CHALLENGES OF ESTABLISHMENT". Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, nr 29 (2021): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.29.25.
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The article considers the role of Ukrainian literature in the preservation of native culture in Australia of immigrants from Ukraine in the first wave of settlement and the decline of interest in literature in the country of emigrants in the next waves of arrival. The increased attention of the first Ukrainian immigrants to fiction as a unique factor in preserving the mentality in the multicultural society, the formation of public identity, the development of worldview and cognitive, socio-humanitarian, sociopolitical beliefs of the community, each individual. Stages, forms, methods, approaches in the organization of mass literary education of Ukrainian settlers, the activity of literary, non-literary (cultural, sports, professional), commercial and noncommercial structures of the community in the organization of literary process is revealed: selection for reading of classical literature, financial support of writers, participation in printing literary texts, distributing, filling libraries with literature, etc. The contribution of book lovers' circles to the unity of the community, improvement of communication, personal relations, raising interest in reading Ukrainian literature, comprehension of the content of what is read is proved. The role of writers, writers' associations, organizations, literary studios, scientists, public activists in the development of cultural, artistic, literary, educational processes has been studied. The special role of Ukrainian studies centers of universities in Australia in the development of scientific foundations of education, literary studies simultaneously with the solution of economic and economic development, integration into the civil society of the state of Australia. The isolation of the factors of Ukrainian studies from the basis of Ukrainian studies is substantiated. Attention is paid to modern literary studies of the young gener ation of Ukrainian scientists born in Australia (field theory, network, art aesthetics, etc.) through the prism of postmodernist ideas of Western European culture. It is noted about the integration of the Ukrainian literary network into the Australian socio-cultural space. The connections and cooperation of Ukrainian studies centers in Australia with literary institutions of Ukraine, international scientific literary studies, Ukrainian studies centers are highlighted. The emergence of conflicts, conflicts of interest, desires, understanding of opposing views that appear in the process of communication between Ukrainian immigrants of the first wave of settlement and the representatives of the next stages, the preconditions of which are based on objective and subjective conditions. It is noted that the joint solution of inconsistencies based on cooperation and the development of constructive decisions is far from a positive clarification. Challenges, inconsistencies of the emigrant community of the first and subsequent waves of settlement, difficulties of preservation of identity, language, traditions, culture in the multicultural environment are found out.
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Clare, Mike, Becky Anderson, Murielle Bodenham i Brenda Clare. "Leaving Care and at Risk of Homelessness: The Lift Project". Children Australia 42, nr 1 (9.02.2017): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2017.2.
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The paper reflects on developments in leaving care policy and practice in Western Australia (WA) and nationally from the mid-1990s. The review of national and some international literature suggests that current Australian policy and practice shows a ‘systems stuckness’ that requires a more potent form of annual auditing and reporting of jurisdictional leaving care outcomes. The review of mostly Australian publications focusing on leaving care and the risk of homelessness includes reflections on recent developments in leaving care services in England, which recognise and restore relationship-based services for care leavers. Finally, the history, vision and initial impact of the Living Independently for the First Time (LIFT) Project, a case study of learning by doing, is outlined. The authors and their colleagues from the Department for Child Protection and Family Support (Midland District), Swan Emergency Accommodation (now known as Indigo Junction) and the Housing Authority of WA have collaborated to design and develop the LIFT Project. This initially unfunded action-research strategy involves inter-agency policy and practice designed to prevent homelessness of vulnerable care leavers.
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Borger, Catherine P. D., Guijun Yan, John K. Scott, Michael J. Walsh i Stephen B. Powles. "Salsola tragus or S. australis (Chenopodiaceae) in Australia—untangling taxonomic confusion through molecular and cytological analyses". Australian Journal of Botany 56, nr 7 (2008): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08043.
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Salsola tragus sensu lato (Chenopodiaceae) is found throughout Western Australia and is considered to be a weed in both natural and agricultural ecosystems, although the current taxonomic status of this species is not clear. The taxonomic literature reports morphological variation within Australian populations of the weed, indicating that there may be genetically distinct ecotypes or unidentified subspecies present within the species. A genetic and cytological approach was used to detect variation between 22 populations of S. tragus sensu lato in the south-west of Western Australia. Out-groups used in this study included a population of S. tragus L. from the USA and Maireana brevifolia (R.Br.) Paul G.Wilson (Chenopodiaceae) from Lake Grace. Four genetically distinct groups were identified, which were not closely related to the S. tragus out-group (~60% similarity). Further, these groups and a S. australis R.Br. sample from the USA were all diploid (2n = 18), unlike the tetraploid (2n = 36) S. tragus. The predominant wheatbelt weed, group A, which was previously classified as S. tragus ssp. tragus L., was identified as S. australis. This species is probably native to Australia, given its arrival predated European invasion. Further research is required to clarify the taxonomic status of the other three possible taxa and determine their status in relation to S. australis.
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Mukai, H. "Biogeography of the tropical seagrasses in the western Pacific". Marine and Freshwater Research 44, nr 1 (1993): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930001.
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Seagrass species and their distributions were recorded from 18 localities in the tropical and subtropical Pacific. These field observations were collated with a review of the recent literature, enabling the present distribution patterns of seagrass species in the western Pacific to be described and the origin of those species to be discussed in relation to the major oceanic currents of the region. The major tropical seagrasses of the western Pacific are Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, C. serrulata, Halodule uninervis, Syringodium isoetifolium and Thalassodendron ciliatum, with T. hemprichii and E. acoroides being the two most widely distributed species. Species are found in coastal waters along the Equatorial Countercurrent and the Kuroshio and East Australian Currents. The highest number of seagrass species occurs in the coastal waters of Malesia enclosed by Indonesia, Borneo, Papua New Guinea and the Torres Strait (northern Australia). This area is considered to be the source of all of the seagrass species of the western Pacific, i.e. the centre of their origin. A relationship between the distance from this centre of origin along the above three major ocean currents and the diversity of seagrass species was found: the further from the origin, the poorer the seagrass diversity. These observations support the centre-of-origin theory that was first proposed by den Hartog to describe the processes responsible for the present distribution patterns of seagrasses in the western Pacific.
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Hanusch, Folker. "Publishing the Perished: The Visibility of Foreign Death in Australian Quality Newspapers". Media International Australia 125, nr 1 (listopad 2007): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0712500105.
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The issue of media coverage of death has been under discussion by only a few scholars, and there have existed some disagreements as to just how present death is in public discourse in the Western world. This study adds to the literature on death by investigating the Australian media context. Specifically, it examines how journalists at two Australian quality newspapers, The Australian and the Sydney Morning Herald, cover death in their foreign news reporting. It finds that journalists express preferences for certain types of death, as well as for certain nationalities. Further, it sheds some light on just how visible death is in the news by arguing that, while present in the written word, the visual representation of death is still highly marginalised.
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Hanusch, Folker. "Publishing the Perished: The Visibility of Foreign Death in Australian Quality Newspapers". Media International Australia 125, nr 1 (listopad 2007): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812500105.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The issue of media coverage of death has been under discussion by only a few scholars, and there have existed some disagreements as to just how present death is in public discourse in the Western world. This study adds to the literature on death by investigating the Australian media context. Specifically, it examines how journalists at two Australian quality newspapers, The Australian and the Sydney Morning Herald, cover death in their foreign news reporting. It finds that journalists express preferences for certain types of death, as well as for certain nationalities. Further, it sheds some light on just how visible death is in the news by arguing that, while present in the written word, the visual representation of death is still highly marginalised.
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OBERPRIELER, ROLF G., RICHARD T. THOMPSON i MAGNUS PETERSON. "Darwin’s forgotten weevil". Zootaxa 2675, nr 1 (12.11.2010): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2675.1.3.
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G. R. Waterhouse (1839) described the first species of weevil from the specimens collected by Charles Darwin in Australia in 1836. Named Belus testaceus, it was subsequently forgotten in all literature on Australian Belidae. Study of the type, as preserved in the Natural History Museum, London, revealed its name to be a senior synonym of Belus linearis Pascoe, 1870 (syn. n.). Known from only another six specimens taken about a century ago at the same locality, King George Sound (present-day Albany) in Western Australia, plus another four of uncertain origin, this species, now in the genus Stenobelus Zimmerman, appears to be restricted to the southern tip of Western Australia but of unknown current distribution, if it is indeed still extant. The only other species of the genus, S. tibialis (Blackburn), has a wider but highly fragmented distribution across Australia, apparently being common only in the acid swamplands (wallum) of south-eastern Queensland. The larval hostplants of both species are unknown. Diagnoses are provided for the genus Stenobelus as well as for its two species, and the holotypes of all applicable names are illustrated, together with the diagnostic features of the genus. Six species recently transferred to Stenobelus from Rhinotia by Legalov (2009) are again excluded from this genus, and the name of the subgenus Germaribelus Legalov, 2009 is placed in synonymy with Rhinotia Kirby, 1819 (syn. n.).
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Brankovich, Jasmina. "Constructing a feminist morality in the western Australian abortion debate, 1998". Journal of Australian Studies 25, nr 67 (styczeń 2001): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050109387642.
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Stephens, John. "Forgetting, sacrifice, and trauma in the Western Australian State War Memorial". Journal of Australian Studies 37, nr 4 (grudzień 2013): 466–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2013.832700.
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Gregory, Jenny. "Corporate survival during the 1890s land bust: The western Australian connection". Journal of Australian Studies 12, nr 22 (maj 1988): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058809386970.
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Iner, Derya. "Faith-Inspired Muslim Parents’ School Choices and Attitudes in the Cultural West and Australia". Religions 12, nr 9 (10.09.2021): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12090746.
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All parents want the best accessible, available and affordable school for their children. Yet, the literature highlights that school choice for middle-class parents in the cultural West is a deliberate decision and a reflection of their salient identities. For racialised middle-class Western parents, school choice is an instrumental investment to secure social upward mobility and minimise the harms of racism for their children. Research focusing on Western middle-class Muslim parents highlights that accommodation of Muslim identities and ethno-religious values is pivotal in parental school choice. This is expected due to the rise of Islamophobia in the cultural West since 9/11. The semi-structured interviews with faith-inspired middle-class Muslim parents in Australia bring a new dimension to the parental school choice literature. Regardless of carrying more or less similar concerns for their children in an Islamophobic climate, middle-class Muslim parents’ school choices vary based on their childhood schooling experiences in the Australian context, diverse parenting styles and mentalities and their children’s varying personalities demanding a particular type of school setting. This article demonstrates there is no one size fits all Muslim parent in terms of deciding which school is the best for their children in an Islamophobic climate.
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Bullen, R. D., i N. L. McKenzie. "Seasonal range variation of Tadarida australis (Chiroptera:Molossidae) in Western Australia: the impact of enthalpy". Australian Journal of Zoology 53, nr 3 (2005): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo04080.
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The Australian bat Tadarida australis has a peculiar geographical niche that involves a continental-scale movement of over 10° of latitude in Western Australia. Its range expands northward by up to 1200 km for the winter and contracts southward for the summer. Its summer range limit correlates with an interaction of temperature and humidity, best summarised by atmospheric enthalpy. Its winter distribution is expanded northward within the enthalpy threshold, but appears to be further restricted in some areas by an unknown factor that may be biotic. We propose a potential competitor and a potential predator that may have strongly negative interactions in these regions. The 1% of records that are beyond the enthalpy envelope are from the change-over months and may be an artefact of year-to-year climatic variation. Three climatic thresholds enclose the enthalpy envelope: average annual rainfall >10 mm per month and <50 mm per month, and average overnight minimum temperature <20°C. Current literature relates migration of temperate-zone bats to resource availability as a consequence of changing season. We identify a tight correlation with atmospheric enthalpy that points to dissipation of flight muscle heat as a limiting factor.
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Hendrie, Delia, Sonja E. Hall, Gina Arena i Matthew Legge. "Health system costs of falls of older adults in Western Australia". Australian Health Review 28, nr 3 (2004): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah040363.
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The aim of this study was to determine the health system costs associated with falls in older adults who had attended an emergency department (ED) in Western Australia. The data relating to the ED presentations and hospital admissions were obtained from population-based hospital administrative records for 2001?2002. The type of other health services (eg, outpatient, medical, community, ancillary and residential care), the quantity, and their cost were estimated from the literature. In adults aged 65 years and above, there were 18 706 ED presentations and 6222 hospital admissions for fall-related injuries. The estimated cost of falls to the health system was $86.4 million, with more than half of this attributable to hospital inpatient treatment. Assuming the current rate of falls remains constant for each age group and gender, the projected health system costs of falls in older adults will increase to $181 million in 2021 (expressed in 2001?02 Australian dollars). The economic burden to the health services imposed by falls in older adults is substantial, and a long-term strategic approach to falls prevention needs to be adopted. Policy in this area should be targeted at both reducing the current rate of falls through preventing injury in people from high-risk groups and reducing the future rate of falls through reducing population risk.
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Wallace, John, i Bob Pease. "Neoliberalism and Australian social work: Accommodation or resistance?" Journal of Social Work 11, nr 2 (kwiecień 2011): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017310387318.
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• Summary: Since the mid-1970s the Australian welfare state has faced a continuing crisis of resourcing and legitimation. Social work as a central entity within the welfare state has been challenged in terms of to its value base and relevance. As with much of the Western world, this challenge has been heightened with the rise of neoliberalism, which has pervaded most aspects of Australian society. Neoliberalism has consequently had a profound effect upon Australian social workers. The challenges to the Australian welfare state and social work are from without and within, by neoliberal ideas and its practices. • Findings: While neoliberalism’s relationship to social work as a broad theme is explored in the literature, the complexity of marketization and inclusive aspects have not been considered in any detail in relation to social work. The evidence in the Australian context is even slimmer, and as a consequence the particularity of the Australian welfare state and its relationship to neoliberalism, and the consequences for Australian social work, remains largely untested. Furthermore, while there are some indications of the day to day impact on social work in the context of a post-welfare state regime, little work has been conducted on the capacity of neoliberalism to infiltrate social work through its new institutions of the social and thus become embedded in social work. • Application: This article lays the foundations for a research project to examine the extent to which neoliberalism has become embedded in Australian social work and how social workers and social work educators are responding to these hegemonic influences. What are the ways in which social workers have become complicit in neoliberalism? Is Australian social work part of the neoliberal project to the point where neoliberalism has become part of its understandings and everyday activity? It is hoped that through this research, a more sophisticated understanding of the impact of neoliberalism on social work will contribute to the revitalization of critical social work in Australia and forms of resistance to the neoliberal project.
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Haw, Ashleigh L. "‘Manufactured hysteria’: audience perceptions of sensationalism and moral panic in Australian news representations of asylum seekers". Media International Australia 174, nr 1 (16.09.2019): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x19876093.
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Seeking asylum is a highly polarising topic, exacerbated by news discourses that construct asylum seekers as threats to the nation. National and international news coverage has been said to incite ‘moral panics’ via the use of sensationalised depictions of asylum seekers, however, few studies have examined audience responses. This article discusses the findings of research utilising Critical Discourse Analysis alongside an Audience Reception framework to examine how 24 Western Australians perceive news coverage of asylum seekers. All participants critiqued news constructions of the issue, with many emphasising sensationalism and the incitement of fear as central concerns affecting their trust and engagement with Australian coverage. Analysed with consideration of the ‘moral panic’ and ‘media panic’ literature, these findings demonstrate that sensationalist depictions of asylum seekers are being resisted by audiences. This inclination towards ‘media panics’ over ‘moral panics’ is discussed in terms of its implications for democracy and audience reception scholarship.
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Ravulo, Jioji. "Australian students going to the Pacific Islands: International social work placements and learning across Oceania". Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 30, nr 4 (17.06.2019): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol30iss4id613.
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INTRODUCTION: This paper explores various issues pertinent to international social work practice, including its definition, how Western epistemologies affect international placements, barriers to effective placements and student motivations for undertaking practicum away from home. METHOD: Reviewed literature will be coupled with Australian student-participants’ evaluations of their experience in completing social work placements in Fiji and Samoa. FINDINGS: A new model of approaching Pacific social work across Oceania emerges from the study. Entitled Tanoa Ni Veiqaravi(Serving Bowl of Serving Others), this culturally nuanced framework integrates both Western and Pacific social work perspectives to support professional practice, policy development and research across the region.CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations for the improvement of international field practice are offered.
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Sasaki, Yusuke, i Evan Ortlieb. "Investigating why Japanese students remain silent in Australian university classrooms". Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 27, nr 1 (11.05.2017): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.27.1.05sas.
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Abstract While Australian academic contexts generally prioritize verbal participation, Japanese educational environments expect students to participate silently. This research project explored why Japanese students remain silent in Australian classrooms despite knowing the expectations of western universities. Contrary to prevailing conceptions of silence in classroom contexts, findings revealed that some participants’ silent in-class behavior does not necessarily suggest reluctance or inability. Rather, participants assumed that verbally contributing to the class would impede the teacher’s lecture and their peers’ learning. Additional findings indicated that while cultural, identity traits, and previous education in Japan may have shaped their silent in-class behavior, some participants acknowledged the need to participate verbally to satisfy their teachers and peers in Australian classrooms. Peripheral factors such as the size of classrooms and lack of genuine rapport between classmates also influenced their classroom behavior. The findings expand upon existing literature which shows that Japanese students’ silence in Australian classrooms is often juxtaposed with teacher and student expectations.
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Robson, Barbara J., i David P. Hamilton. "Summer flow event induces a cyanobacterial bloom in a seasonal Western Australian estuary". Marine and Freshwater Research 54, nr 2 (2003): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf02090.
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In January 2000, record rainfall led to the first recorded bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa in the Swan River estuary. A simple model is used to examine the bloom dynamics and the unusual conditions that produced it. Laboratory trials were conducted to determine the response to salinity of M. aeruginosa, while other parameters for the model were obtained from the literature. Growth was found to be optimal at salinities up to 4, and declined to zero at 25. The unseasonable summer rainfall flushed brackish and marine water from the estuary and produced a surface mixed layer with low salinity. The model simulations show that the hydrological conditions, in combination with high concentrations of inorganic nutrients (dissolved inorganic nitrogen >1.2 mg L–1, filterable reactive phosphorus >0.02 mg L–1) in river inflows, high water temperature and high daily insolation, promoted rapid phytoplankton growth, favouring dominance by M. aeruginosa. Doubling rates during the bloom were around 0.35 day–1 and cell counts exceeded 105 cells mL–1 within three weeks of the inflow event. Although this doubling rate ultimately determined the total bloom biomass, local concentrations were strongly influenced by physical processes that concentrated M. aeruginosa cells both vertically and horizontally, and advected a seed population from the upper estuary into the lower basin.
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Parker, Albert. "Minimum 60 years of recording are needed to compute the sea level rate of rise in the Western South Pacific". Nonlinear Engineering 3, nr 1 (1.03.2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2013-0011.
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Abstract Sea levels generally oscillate with multi-decadal periodicities worldwide with up to the quasi-60 years detected in many tide gauges. Nevertheless, the most part of the literature on sea levels computes apparent rates of rise of sea levels much larger than the legitimate by using short time windows in selected locations only covering part of a valley-to-peak of this multi-decadal oscillation. It is shown in this paper that along the Pacific coast of Australia the sea levels oscillate with a frequency close to the Southern Ocean Index (SOI) oscillation of 19 years and a lower frequency of about 60 years. The rates of rise of sea levels computed by linear fitting of the data recorded since the early 1990s in selected locations of the Australian Pacific coastline and in the tropical Pacific islands are from a valley of the peak and valley oscillations and are much higher than the legitimate long term values.
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Newsome, Thomas M. "Makings of Icons: Alan Newsome, the Red Kangaroo and the Dingo". Historical Records of Australian Science 25, nr 2 (2014): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr14013.
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The red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and the dingo (Canis dingo) are two of Australia's iconic mammals. Both are ingrained in the national psyche and well known internationally. For the red kangaroo, recognition has come despite the fact that the highest densities of the species occur well away from most of the human population. The dingo has achieved its status despite being present on the continent for perhaps as little as 3,000 years. This article considers the question of how, and why, these two animals became so elevated in the popular imagination and the scientific literature. It is a story of both the integers and consequences of scientific research, a story best told with a particular focus on the contribution made by one individual. Alan Newsome changed our understanding of the interactions between agriculture, introduced species and native wildlife, and was one of the first to understand the possibilities of enriching western science with Indigenous knowledge. He was a pioneer in explaining—particularly by reference to the red kangaroo in central Australia—the remarkable story of how Australian wildlife has adapted to survive some of the harshest conditions on the planet. His work across the landscape of the arid zone has had profound implications for management and conservation in Australia. This, then, is the story of three icons: the red kangaroo, the dingo and Alan Newsome.
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Lillee, Alyssa, Aesen Thambiran i Jonathan Laugharne. "Evaluating the mental health of recently arrived refugee adults in Western Australia". Journal of Public Mental Health 14, nr 2 (15.06.2015): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-05-2013-0033.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the levels of psychological distress in adults entering Western Australia (WA) as refugees through the Australian Humanitarian Programme. To determine if the introduction of mental health screening instruments impacts on the level of referrals for further psychological/psychiatric assessment and treatment. Design/methodology/approach – Participants were 300 consecutive consenting refugee adults attending the Humanitarian Entrant Health Service in Perth, WA. This service is government funded for the general health screening of refugees. The Kessler-10 (K10) and the World Health Organisation’s post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screener were the principal outcome measures used. Findings – Refugees had a high rate of current probable PTSD (17.2 per cent) as measured with the PTSD screener and mean K10 scores were significantly higher than general population norms. The K10 showed high accuracy for discriminating those with or without probable PTSD. Being married and having more children increased the risk of probable PTSD. In regard to region of origin, refugees from Western and Southern Asia had significantly higher scores on both screeners followed by those from Africa with those from South-Eastern Asia having the lowest scores. Referral rate for psychiatric/psychological treatment was 18 per cent compared to 4.2 per cent in the year prior to the study. Practical implications – This study demonstrates increased psychological distress including a high rate of probable PTSD in a recently arrived multi-ethnic refugee population and also demonstrates significant variations based on region of origin. In addition, it supports the feasibility of using brief screening instruments to improve identification and referral of refugees with significant psychological distress in the context of a comprehensive general medical review. Originality/value – This was an Australian study conducted in a non-psychiatric setting. The outcomes of this study pertain to refugee mental health assessed in a general health setting. The implications of the study findings are of far reaching relevance, inclusive of primary care doctors and general physicians as well as mental health clinicians. In particular the authors note that the findings of this study are to the authors’ knowledge unique in the refugee mental health literature as the participants are recently arrived refugees from diverse ethnic groups.
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Briggs, SV, MT Maher i RP Palmer. "Bias in Food Habits of Australian Waterfowl." Wildlife Research 12, nr 3 (1985): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850507.
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Most food studies of Australian waterfowl have relied on gizzard analyses. This introduces bias because of differential digestion rates. Oesophageal and gizzard contents collected from feeding grey teal (Anas gibberifrons) and pink-eared duck (Malacorhynchus membranaceus) at 2 sites in south-western New South Wales were determined. Pink-eared duck ate 99.6% animal food (mainly chironomid larvae and ostracods); grey teal ate 74.2% animal food (mainly corixids and dipteran larvae) at one site but 63.9% plant food (mainly grass seeds) at the other. Both species contained higher proportions of animal material in their oesophagi than in their gizzards. Rank correlation analyses showed no significant relationships between oesophageal and gizzard contents in the 2 species in this study, nor in other Australian and overseas waterfowl reported in the literature. It is suggested that gizzard analysis has led to overestimation of the importance of seeds in the diet of Australian waterfowl and underestimation of the importance of invertebrates. It is recommended that future food habits studies of waterfowl use oesophageal contents from feeding birds, and results from previous gizzard studies be treated with caution.
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Nakata, Martin, Vicky Nakata i Michael Chin. "Approaches to the Academic Preparation and Support of Australian Indigenous Students for Tertiary Studies". Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 37, S1 (2008): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/s1326011100000478.
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AbstractThis paper explores how the academic performance of Indigenous students has been investigated in the higher education literature and where this fits within the academic support context and teaching and learning developments in Australian universities. The authors suggest an approach to Indigenous academic skills support that equips Indigenous students with tools for managing their engagements with the content of Western disciplines. A case is made for more focussed research around Indigenous students' approaches to processing intellectual content while developing their own Indigenous standpoints.