Rozprawy doktorskie: „Well being of relatives”

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Zeydanli, Tugba. "Essays on subjective Well-Being". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010030.

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This dissertation consists of three essays on subjective well-being.The first essay examines whether aggregate job satisfaction in a certain labormarket environment can have an impact on individual-level job satisfaction.We seek an answer to this question using two different datasets from the UnitedKingdom characterizing two different labor market environments: WorkplaceEmployment Relations Survey (WERS) at the workplace level (i.e., narrowlydefined worker groups) and British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) at thelocal labor market level (i.e., larger worker groups defined in industry × regioncells). Implementing an original empirical strategy to identify spillover effects,we find that one standard deviation increase in aggregate job satisfaction leadsto a 0.42 standard deviation increase in individual-level job satisfaction at theworkplace level and 0.15 standard deviation increase in individual-level jobsatisfaction at the local labor market level. These social interactions effectsiiiare sizable and should not be ignored in assessing the effectiveness of thepolicies designed to improve job satisfaction.Individuals tend to self-report higher subjective well-being levels on certaindays of the weeks than they do on the remaining days, controlling for observedvariation. The second essay tests whether this empirical observation suffersfrom selection bias by using the 2008 release of the British Household PanelSurvey. In other words, we examine if subjective well-being is correlated withunobserved characteristics that lead the individuals to take the interview onspecific days of the week. We focus on two distinct well-being measures: jobsatisfaction and happiness. We provide convincing evidence for both of thesemeasures that the interviews are not randomly distributed across the days ofthe week. In other words, individuals with certain unobserved characteristicstend to take the interviews selectively. We conclude that a considerable partof the day-of-the-week patterns can be explained by a standard “non-randomsorting on unobservables” argument rather than “mood fluctuations”. Thismeans that the day-of-the-week estimates reported in the literature are likelyto be biased and should be treated cautiously.In Sub-Saharan Africa, some scholars identify ethnicity as a cause of instability and poor economic growth, which is due to worse public policies. Eifert,Miguel, and Posner (2010) show that ethnic identification is more prominentduring competitive election periods in comparison to other identifying categories such as gender, religion, and class/occupation. The third essay utilizesdata from 12 Sub-Saharan African countries and over 40,000 respondents takenivfrom the Afrobarometer. It asks if individual subjective well-being changes inthe run up to competitive elections. We find strong evidence that individualsubjective well-being does change. It is positively related to the proximity toan election and this proximity effect depends on the competitiveness of theelection. We further investigate the background mechanisms behind this positive relationship i.e.: to what extent does well-being of the individual change ifthe party that the individual supports wins the election, and is there a changein well-being of the individual before and after the election? In addition, wedocument that ethnic identification also has a positive impact on individualwell-being after controlling for electoral cycle variables. Policy makers shouldinternalize these positive externalities driven from politically-induced ethnicidentification

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Shen, Shuying. "Consumer Debt, Psychological Well-being, and Social Influence". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376670509.

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Shook, Natalie Jane. "Interracial contact consequences for attitudes, relationships, and well-being /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186686892.

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Wetstein-Kroft, Susan Beth. "Same-sex social support and the enhancement of well-being". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27673.

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The investigator tested propositions derived from theories of male (Lipman-Blumen, 1976) and female (Bernard, 1976) same-sex bonding against propositions derived from theories of male (Bell, 1981; Safilios-Rothschild, 1981) and female (Bell, 1981; Lipman-Blumen, 1976) cross-sex bonding and, against propositions derived from a general theory of social relationships (Weiss, 1974). The purpose of the study was to determine the relevance of the variables, "sex of respondent" and "relationship gender composition" to the attainment of social support and to the relationship between social support and global well-being. The study was divided into three parts. In part one the investigator tested opposing propositions related to differences between the sexes in the overall level of social support provided by same-sex and cross-sex bonds. Lipman-Blumen (1976) has proposed that, in the overall attainment of social support, men's same-sex bonds are stronger than women's same-sex bonds; that men's same-sex bonds are stronger than men's cross-sex bonds; and that women's cross-sex bonds are stronger than women's same-sex bonds. Conversely, Safilios-Rothschild (1981) has suggested that men's same-sex bonds are weaker than women's same-sex bonds; that men's same-sex bonds are weaker than men's cross-sex bonds; and that women's cross-sex bonds are weaker than women's same-sex bonds. In part two, the investigator tested opposing propositions related to differences in the individual dimensions or provisions of social support provided by men's and women's same-sex and cross-sex bonds. Theorists emphasizing same-sex bonds have suggested that women's (Bernard, 1976) or men's (Lipman-Blumen, 1976) same-sex bonds provide higher levels of certain dimensions of social support than do women's or men's cross-sex bonds. Conversely, cross-sex bonding theorists have suggested that women's (Bell, 1981, Lipman-Blumen, 1976) or men's (Bell, 1981, Safilios-Rothschild, 1981) cross-sex bonds provide higher levels of certain dimensions of social support than do women's or men's same-sex bonds. In contrast to both the same-sex and cross-sex bonding theorists, Weiss (1974) has implied that women's and men's same-sex and cross-sex bonds provide equivalent levels of specific dimensions of social support. In part three, the investigator tested opposing propositions related to differences between the sexes in the relationship between the overall attainment of social support to their sense of global well-being. Bernard (1976) and Miller (1976) have proposed that this relationship is stronger for women than it is for men. Conversely, Weiss (1974) has implied that the relationship between social support and well-being is the same for men and women. The investigator also tested opposing propositions related to within sex differences in the relationship between the overall attainment of social support and global wellrbeing. Bernard (1976) and Miller (1976) have proposed that women's same-sex bonds are more strongly related to their sense of well-being than are women's cross-sex bonds. Conversely, Lipman-Blumen (1976) has suggested that women's cross-sex bonds are more strongly related to their sense of well-being than are women's same-sex bonds. Lipman-Blumen (1976) has also proposed that men's same-sex bonds are more strongly related to their sense of well-being than are men's cross-sex bonds. Conversely, Safilios-Rothschild (1981) has suggested that men's cross-sex bonds are more strongly related to their sense of well-being than are men's same-sex bonds. In contrast to the same-sex and cross-sex bonding theorists, Weiss (1974) has implied that men's and women's same-sex and cross-sex bonds are equally associated with their sense of well-being. The investigator tested these propositions by having 101 married women and 101 married men, who attended the University of British Columbia summer school session, fill out a series of questionnaires on social support and well-being. All subjects were between the ages of 25 and 45. None of the subjects were married to one another. Respondents completed the Social Provisions Scale (Russell & Cutrona, 198*) designed to assess Weiss's (1974) six dimensions or provisions of social support. These provisions are: attachment, social integration, reassurance of worth, reliable alliance, help and guidance, and, the opportunity for nurturance. The respondents completed the Social Provisions Scale twice, once for their same-sex relationships and once for their cross-sex (non-marital) relationships. Respondents also completed six measures of well-being: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1969); the Spheres of Control Scale—personal efficacy and interpersonal control dimensions (Paulhus 6c Christie, 1981); the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, 1984); the UCLA Loneliness Scale—Revised-Abbreviated Version (Russell, 1980); and, the Hakstian-McClean Depression Scale (Hakstian & McClean, 1979). The six measures of well-being were statistically combined, forming a molar variable identified as "global well-being". Concerning the attainment of social support, the results of this study indicate that, overall, women's same-sex bonds provide higher levels of social support than do men's same-sex bonds. Women's same-sex bonds also provide higher levels of social support than do women's cross-sex bonds. Men's same-sex and cross-sex bonds appear to provide equivalent levels of social support, overall. These results indicate partial support for propositions arising from Safilios-Rothschild's (1981) theory and fail to support propositions arising from Lipman-Blumen's (1976) theory. In addition, the women's same-sex bonds provide higher levels of several provisions of social support than do women's cross-sex bonds, which supports Bernard's (1976) theory. Men's same-sex bonds provide higher levels of two dimensions of social support than do men's cross-sex bonds, which indicates only partial support for propositions arising from Lipman-Blumen's (1976) and Weiss's (1974) theories. Concerning the relationship between social support and global well-being, the results of this study indicate that social support appears to be equally related to men's and women's sense of global well-being, supporting propositions implied by Weiss's (1974) theory. Moreover, both same-sex and cross-sex bonds appear to be strongly, but equally associated with men's and women's sense of well-being which again supports propositions implied by Weiss's (1974) theory. In conclusion, the variables of "sex of respondent" and "relationship gender composition" appear to be more relevant in the attainment of social support than in the relationship between social support and well-being. The impact of these results on Weiss's (1974) theory of social relationships, on Bernard's (1976) and Lipman-Blumen's (1976) theories of same-sex bonding, on theories of social support, and on theories of adult development are discussed. The practical implications of these results for counsellors and for future research investigations are outlined.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

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鄢盛明 i Shengming Yan. "Parent-child relations and psychological well-being of older parents in China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244993.

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Jeng, Wei-Shiuan. "Intergenerational relations, living arrangements, and well-being of the elderly in Taiwan /". Connect to resource, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1225731377.

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Jeng, Wei-Shiuan. "Intergenerational relations, living arrangements, and well-being of the elderly in Taiwan". The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1225731377.

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馮美珍 i Mei-chun Fung. "Study on the psychological well-being and housemate relationship of the elderly people". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977327.

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Sakketa, Tekalign Gutu [Verfasser]. "Ethiopian Youth in Agriculture: Relative Deprivation, Well-being and Occupational Choices / Tekalign Gutu Sakketa". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1174670908/34.

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Eells, Jennifer Emilia. "Expressive writing, relationships, and health". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4496.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 27, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Jakobsson, Larsson Birgitta. "Quality of life, Coping and need for Support during the ALS disease trajectory". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283077.

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The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate quality of life, coping and emotional distress (i.e. anxiety and depression) among newly diagnosed ALS patients. An additional aim was also to investigate relatives’ experiences of the care for the patient and the support they received for themselves during the disease progression. The most nominated areas of importance for the patient’s overall QoL were family, friends and own physical health. Most patients rated their QoL as good, which did not change at subsequent measurement, despite their physical function having changed for the worse during disease progression. Some patients had symptoms of clinical anxiety and depression during the first year after diagnosis. The total quality of life score did not correlate with physical function but with depression early on after diagnosis. Most patients used support and independence as strategies to cope with the disease during the first six months after diagnosis. There were few changes early on after the diagnosis, and the patients used several different strategies. The results show that the use of coping strategies remained stable over time. Both physical function and emotional distress correlated significant with different coping strategies, with some variation during the disease progression. Relatives experienced the care of their loved one as positive and based on the patient’s needs and desires. The treatment, knowledge, support and help from the staff were important for the relatives’ feeling of security. Different factors influence the use of support for themselves. The relatives did not think of their own needs, but their focus was rather on the patient. The results of the thesis highlight the importance of providing support both to patients and their relatives during the disease progression. With early and regular evaluation on quality of life, coping and emotional well-being among the patients, the health professionals may be able to support the patients based on their specific needs, which probably will increase their quality of life.

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Fung, Mei-chun. "Study on the psychological well-being and housemate relationship of the elderly people". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13745256.

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Watson, Christopher D. "The relationship between midlife parents' well-being and expectations for their emerging adult children". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Svensson, Jacob. "Happiness; It is all relative? : - A study of well-being and the effect of relative and absolute income". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-135902.

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Using ordered probit techniques this thesis examines how subjective well-being among different agents in Sweden are effected by absolute and relative income. In other words this thesis examines the importance of absolute and relative income among different types of agents where agents are identified depending on: Age, Population-density, Highest level of education, Different levels of income, Country of birth, Unemployment and Partnership. The result suggests that relative income is on average more important to SWB among agents that are; ‘middle-aged’ (30-65 years of age), female, born in Sweden, has a lower education level, lives in an area with high population density are employed and lives with a partner. Absolute income was found to be on average more important to SWB among agents that are; ‘middle-aged’ (30-65 years of age), not born in Sweden, single, male, unemployed, has a lower education level and lives in an area with high population density.

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Love, Ashley Brett. "Okanagan The relations between subjective well-being, psychopathy, and the NEO big five personality traits". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30458.

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Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by the manipulative use of others, callousness, shallow affect, lack of empathy, pathological lying, egocentricity, superficial charm, and impulsive behaviour. The present study investigated the relation between psychopathy and subjective well-being in 436 undergraduates. Subjective well-being was defined as high levels of positive affect and life satisfaction and low levels of negative affect. Participants rated their levels of subjective well-being using the Oxford Happiness Inventory, Satisfaction With Life Scale, Faces Scales (assessing both momentary and overall happiness), Subjective Happiness Scale, Scale of Eudaimonic Well-Being, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Psychopathy was assessed using two self report measures: The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (LSRP) and the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale III R-12 (SRP-III). Personality was measured using the 60 item NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Psychopathy was associated with high levels of depression and negative affect and low levels of life satisfaction, happiness, and positive affect. Scores on the two psychopathy measures (LSRP and SRP-III) accounted for significant portions of the variance in depression (16.6%), negative affect (18.5%), life satisfaction (13.8%), happiness (6.1-20%) and positive affect (11.3%). However, psychopathy failed to account for variance in these measures of well-being above and beyond the variance accounted for by the Big Five personality traits. These results are consistent with the position that personality disorders can be conceptualized as a constellation of extreme levels of normative personality traits. The factor structure of psychopathy was examined using confirmatory factor analysis and the data supported the two-factor model of psychopathy over the more recent four-factor model. This study represents one of the first attempts to investigate subjective well-being in individuals with psychopathy. Implications and directions for future research were also discussed.

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Hernandez, Kim-Marie Floriano. "Best friendships in pre- and early adolescence : structure, quality, and the link to well-being /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Nishikawa, Saori. "Japanese adolescents' self-concept and well-being in comparison with other countries". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-30324.

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Crowley, Martha L. "Control and inequality at work variations, processes, and implications for worker well-being /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1149881563.

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Morrison, Teri. "Relations Among Mothers' Parenting Strategies, Parenting Stress, Psychological Well-Being, and Ratings of Preschool Child Competence". DigitalCommons@USU, 2000. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2628.

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This study utilized archival data collected from mothers of 82 Head Start children. Relations among the following were examined: a number of parenting strategies taken from the "Home Survey" subscale of the American Guidance Services (AGS) Early Screening Profiles "Home-Health Questionnaire"; parenting stress (the Parenting Stress Index- Short Form or PSI-SF); scores in two dimensions of psychological well-being (the Center for Epidemiological Studies Measure of Depression or CES-D, and the Pearlin Mastery Scale); and the ratings parents gave their children in four domains of competence (the AGS Early Screening Profiles "Self-Help Social Profile"). Data from the AGS measures were collected by the Head Start staff as part of the normal educational process. Data from the other measures were collected by telephone interview as part of the Head Start Family Service Center Evaluation Project (principal investigator, Dr. Lori Roggman). Relations of the ratings of child competence with other variables were explored.

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Bax, Karen A. "Between parent similarities in child-rearing goals: Relations to parental, marital and individual adult well-being". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29196.

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This study was designed to investigate aspects of the coparenting relationship between employed mothers and fathers within the same family. Similarities and dissimilarities in parenting goals between married or cohabiting couples with toddler or preschool-aged children were the main focus. One hundred thirty couples were recruited via advertisements posted in community agencies and also through published advertisements in parent-oriented magazines. Parents who each worked (or attended school) twenty-five hours per week or more and who had an eldest child between 24 and 60 months of age participated independently in an interview about their parenting goals and also responded to questionnaires about family well-being. Overall, the participants were a well-adjusted sample of parents, representing the demographics of the Canadian city from which the majority of the sample was taken. A contextually-based vignette-style interview of parenting goals revealed moderate agreement between parents within the same family on parenting goals. Mothers and fathers reported parenting goals that were flexible and based on the behaviour displayed by the child. In particular, in responding to children's internalizing behaviour, parents attached greater importance to child-centred and relationship-centred goals than to parent-centred goals. In response to vignettes depicting externalizing child behaviour, parents endorsed greater importance for parent-centred goals than for either child-centred or relationship-centred goals. Similarity in parenting goals was higher for parents of toddlers than for parents of preschool-age children. Also, the greater the similarity in parenting goals between mothers and fathers the more satisfied mothers were with their parenting and their life in general. For fathers, greater similarity in parenting goals was related to greater satisfaction with their parenting only. Interestingly, although the degree of similarity in parenting goals was not related to marital satisfaction, the relation between similarity in parenting goals and mothers' ratings of marital satisfaction was different depending on the support for parenting mothers received from their partners. The findings of the present study emphasize that not all differences between parents on child-related issues are harmful to family well-being and that it is important to consider both mothers' and fathers' perspectives within the area of coparenting. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

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Breytenbach, Nadia. "The influence of employees's perceptions of organisational ethics and perceived relative self-ethicality on their levels of organisational identification and overall well-being". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020072.

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This study investigated whether an employees’ perception of the ethical culture in the organisation and their perception of their own ethicality influenced their level of organisational identification and additionally, whether this relationship between perceived ethical culture and organisational identification had an influence on workplace wellbeing. The aim of this research study was to measure employees’ perceptions of organisational ethics, their relative self-ethicality, organisational identification, and wellbeing, in order to develop a model pertaining to the relationship between these three constructs. Research showed that employees’ perceptions of the ethical culture in their organisation can influence how they identify with that particular organisation. Research also indicated that the differences between perceived organisational ethicality and relative self-ethicality exist. Additionally, research showed the influence of perceived ethical culture and relative self-ethicality has indicated a relationship between organisational identification and wellbeing respectively. However, to date and to the researcher’s knowledge there has been no investigation of the relationship between these four constructs. This research study was quantitative in nature in which a questionnaire was utilised as a research method. A sample of 111 respondent from three organisations in the automation industry in the Eastern Cape, Port Elizabeth was utilised for this research study. The main findings indicated that an alternative model resulted to be a good fit through structural equation modelling. The results illustrated that organisational ethicality has an influence on how employees identify with their organisations and how this relationship influences wellbeing. Therefore, it is worthwhile to invest in an ethical organisational culture for the sustainability of the organisation and its employees’ livelihoods. This study contributes to the literature based on perceived ethical culture, organisational identification, and workplace wellbeing. Additionally, the study provides readers with a model on how these concepts influence each other.

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Arvan, Marijana L. "How Overqualification Impacts Job Attitudes and Well-Being: The Unique Roles of Perceptions and Reality". Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5903.

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The recent global economic downturn has stimulated a growing interest among scholars in how employees interpret and respond to the circumstance of being overqualified. However, the overqualification literature has been hindered by uncertainty regarding the extent to which employees’ perceptions of being overqualified are based in reality. The present study sought to address this concern by proposing and testing a theoretical model of objective overqualification, perceived overqualification, job satisfaction, and well-being using a cross-sectional sample of full-time employees who had recently graduated from college. Additionally, the present study investigated cognitive ability, achievement striving, and trait negative affectivity as potential moderators of several relationships delineated in the proposed model. Results indicated that the data were consistent with the proposed model, which argues that objective overqualification predicts employees’ perceptions of being overqualified, which creates feelings of relative deprivation and ultimately manifests in poorer job satisfaction and reduced well-being. Importantly, however, the pattern of relationships among study variables suggested that strain outcomes were mostly driven by perceived overqualification. Furthermore, employees’ perceptions of being overqualified appeared to be influenced considerably by unmeasured factors besides objective overqualification, potentially including dissatisfaction with other aspects of the job. There was no support for the hypothesized individual moderators. Overall, the study highlights the importance of taking a more nuanced approach to studying overqualification phenomena and cautions against the assumption that being objectively overqualified is a necessarily undesirable circumstance for individuals and their employers.

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LaDuke, Sheri. "Exploring Protective Factors among Lesbians, Gays, and Bisexuals: A Framework for Psychological Well-Being and Relative Influence". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3130.

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Lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals must regularly navigate stigma, or social situations in which they are devalued because of their sexual orientation. The research has well established minority stress processes which link situations of stigma to reports of poor psychological well-being. However, protective factors leading to healthy psychological well-being are relatively understudied. This dissertation is a review of protective factors that have already emerged in the research and an assessment of these protective factors simultaneously to better understand how they influence psychological well-being. I recruited adult sexual minority participants using a comprehensive social media approach. I then tested mastery, problem-solving coping, cognitive flexibility, structural factors, social support, self-compassion, hope, community connectedness, meaning making, and emotional openness on both measurements of positive and negative psychological well-being. Boosted regression analyses were used to assess the relative influence of the protective factors and while accounting for multicollinearity among the many protective factors. This was followed by OLS regression for cross validation. Results of the boosted regression trees indicate that hope, mastery, self-compassion, and social support are the most influential protective factors. This was supported by the OLS regressions. These results point to individual and social factors that affect psychological well-being of sexual minorities. Ultimately this dissertation provides a focused target for future research on intervention using these top protective factors. Additionally, this dissertation expands protective factors previously only examined in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals to a broader sexual minority population.

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Vu, Paul H. "Relations between acculturation and gender role conflict, shame-proneness, and psychological well-being among Vietnamese-American men /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988707.

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Colbow, Alexander James. "Examining the relations between subjective social class, academics, and well-being in first-generation college student veterans". Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5734.

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The aim of this study was to examine the relations between aspects of subjective social class, academic performance, and subjective wellbeing in first-generation and veteran students. In recent years, both student veterans and first-generation students have become topics of interest for universities, counselors, and researchers, as they are growing in numbers on university campuses. These groups face a variety of barriers to completing their academic degrees. One area with little investigation is the influence of subjective social class on these individuals. Therefore, various facets of subjective social class (Subjective Social Status, Beliefs in a Just World, Protestant Work Ethic, Materialism, Classism, and Financial Literacy) were examined to better understand their relationships with student subjective wellbeing and academic performance. Using several analyses, non-first generation student veterans, first-generation student veterans, and first-generation non-veteran students were compared based on their social class beliefs, attitudes, and priorities, as well as subjective wellbeing and academic performance. Results include several key findings. First, support was found for the Classism Attitudinal Profile’s position within the social class nomological network. Second, the subjective social class variables of materialism, financial literacy, and classism co-varied with participant’s college outcome expectations. Third, the three groups were found to differ in their subjective social class attitudes concerning status, materialism, classism, just world beliefs, financial ability, and social support. Fourth, subjective social class was confirmed to be a useful variable to consider when exploring academic performance and wellbeing. Overall, subjective social class and economic cultures appear to be useful constructs to consider when working with clients and conducting research.

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Chan, Suk-yee Rebecca. "Interpersonal life events and psychological well-being of adolescents : a study of the moderating effect of Yuan /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19469950.

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Cole, Marsha Dee. "The effects of quality of social networks on psychological well-being in the visually impaired elderly". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2174.

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Cai, Mengfei. "Parent Adolescent Attachment as a Mediator of Relations Between Parenting and Adolescent Social Behavior and Well Being in China". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2565.

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Attachment is an important aspect of parent-adolescent relationships, and thus it may play a key role in predicting adolescents' behavioral outcomes and well-being. This study examined how parenting dimensions (authoritative, psychological control, and over-protecting) relate to youth outcomes (self-esteem, autonomy, and friend attachment) by way of parent-adolescent attachment, among Chinese families. The sample included 298 Chinese adolescents ages 15-18 years (M age = 16.36, SD =.678 ; 60% female). A series of structural equation models was estimated to examine the hypothesis that authoritative parenting, psychological control, and over-protecting would predict adolescent outcomes as mediated by attachment. The best fitting model included only indirect paths from the three parenting variables to the three outcome variables, by way of attachment. In this final model, authoritative parenting was positively predictive of attachment, while psychological control was a negative predictor. In turn, parent adolescent attachment was positively related to the three outcomes: autonomy, self-esteem, and friend attachment. Lastly, parenting related to the outcomes similarly for boys and girls. These findings suggest that what parents do might relate to the well-being of their adolescents by way of the quality of their relationships with their adolescents.

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Park, Lauren Sarah. "Differential Well-Being in Response to Incivility and Surface Acting among Nurses as a Function of Race". PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4480.

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Demand for healthcare services is rising dramatically as the proportion of older adults in the United States increases, and the success of these healthcare organizations depends on cooperation among patients, doctors, and nurses. These interpersonal interactions come with costs associated with managing one's emotions in ways that are in line with completing job tasks effectively, especially as past research has demonstrated that nurses are likely to experience and respond to incivility, and nurses of minority backgrounds even moreso. This study examines the effect of experiencing incivility on engaging in surface acting, or simulating emotions that are not actually felt; how these two factors influence well-being outcomes; and the impact of racial differences in these relationships. A sample of 100 Black and White nurses participated in this research. Results indicate that experiencing incivility increases emotional exhaustion both directly and indirectly through engaging in surface acting in response to incivility. Additionally, findings suggest that Black nurses are more likely than White nurses to experience incivility from other nurses. These results highlight how incivility can contribute to burnout and negative health outcomes and that this effect may be particularly salient among Black nurses.

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30

Wills, Jeremiah B. "Maternal Employment, Relative Income, and Child Well-Being: The Effects of Gendered Household Resource Allocation on Children's Cognitive Development Trajectories". NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03222007-133600/.

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In this study, I extend the scholarship on maternal employment and the allocation of household resources by evaluating the effects of mothers? time spent in the labor force and mothers? relative income on children?s cognitive development. I use a gendered resource allocation model that recognizes differences in investment preferences between men and women and how women can use increases in their relative earnings to direct greater amounts of family resources towards enrichment goods and services that promote child well-being. Support for this model comes mostly from research conducted outside of the United States. This study contributes to this research literature by using an American sample drawn from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. In addition, I contribute to the research on maternal employment and child outcomes with a longitudinal analysis of children?s cognitive development trajectories from age five to 14. I find some negative effects on children?s initial levels of cognitive skills for measures of both early and current maternal employment hours. Some of these effects are moderated by race, the supportiveness of children?s home environment, and mothers? cognitive skills. Contrary to predictions from a gendered resource allocation model, I find that children?s cognitive development is lowest in households in which mothers? and fathers? incomes approximate parity, likely because of a lack of clear specialization in such households. I discuss these findings in terms of theoretical, research, and policy applications.

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31

Bougie, Evelyne. "The cultural narrative of francophone and anglophone Quebecers and their perceptions of temporal relative deprivation : links with esteem and well-being". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85888.

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The thesis describes a program of research that investigated the over-riding hypothesis that a clear cultural identity is associated with positive personal and collective self-esteem, and positive personal well-being. The testing of this novel hypothesis required first and foremost that a reliable measure of cultural identity generally, and the clarity of a person's cultural identity in particular, be developed. To meet this goal Study 1 introduced an innovative method in a story-telling form, the "Cultural Narrative". The Cultural Narrative method is built on McAdams' (1996, 2001) Life Story Model for assessing personal identity. In order to verify its generalizability, this novel methodology was applied to two natural cultural groups: Francophone and Anglophone Quebecers. Results showed that for Francophones, a clear cultural narrative was associated with positive personal self-esteem and personal well-being, in support of the hypothesis. Unexpectedly, however, results showed that for Anglophones, a clear cultural narrative was associated with negative collective self-esteem, in complete opposition to the hypothesis. In order to theoretically refine the nature of the relationship between cultural identity clarity and individuals' esteem and well-being, Study 2 explored the historical changes in the relative ingroup status of Francophone and Anglophone Quebecers. Results indicate that when temporal relative deprivation patterns are such that the status of one's ingroup is perceived to be on the rise, cultural identity clarity is associated with positive personal well-being. In contrast, when one's ingroup trajectory is perceived to be on the downturn, cultural identity clarity is associated with a lack of personal well-being.

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32

Jantsch, Antje [Verfasser], Norbert [Gutachter] Hirschauer i Christian [Gutachter] Welzel. "An investigation into the relationship between subjective well-being and (relative) wealth in Germany / Antje Jantsch ; Gutachter: Norbert Hirschauer, Christian Welzel". Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222029383/34.

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33

Chan, Suk-yee Rebecca, i 陳淑儀. "Interpersonal life events and psychological well-being of adolescents: a study of the moderating effect of Yuan(緣)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978289.

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34

Svatoš, Jiří. "Does Jealousy of Others Make Us Happy?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194204.

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The relative income is often cited as a reason why happiness of nations does not grow in time with growing GDP. The study replicates the methodology of several different researchers from basic scatterplots, standard OLS and ordered probit models to hierarchical linear multilevel models (HLM). The results provide evidence that the happiness is actually rising with the growing GDP, although slowly and with the GDP measured in logarithm. On the contrary, the relevance of relative income to happiness is ambiguous through all the proposed models. Furthermore, the individual characteristics like marital status or employment status are proved to explain the differences in happiness much better than income. Finally it is shown that income has similar effects on different measurements of subjective well-being (health, happiness and emotional well-being).

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35

TANG, Shuwen. "Work support, work-family enrichment, work demand and work well-being among Chinese employees : a study of mediating and moderating processes". Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2010. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/soc_etd/28.

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Work and family are the central and salient domains in one’s life. Juggling work and family life has become a challenge for many employees and families (Hammer et al., 2005). This study proposed a theoretical model in which work to family enrichment functioned as the mediator between work support (support from supervisor, co-workers and organization) and work well-being (job satisfaction and psychological health), and also examined whether work demand buffered the impact of work support on work well-being. The inclusion of work to family enrichment extends prior research on Job Demands – Resources model (Demerouti & Bakker, 2007), and allows for a more detailed assessment of the effects of work support on work well-being from a perspective of positive organizational behavior. A total of 978 employees in Chinese society were recruited. An exploratory factor analyses and a confirmatory factor analyses supported a 10-item Work Support Scale measuring supervisor support, co-worker support and organization support. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and Sobel Test results showed that work to family enrichment partially mediated the influence of work support on job satisfaction and full mediated the influence of work support on psychological health, whereas the regression results showed that work demand indeed buffered the positive relationship between work support and job satisfaction. Implications for future research on work-family enrichment were discussed.

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36

Tuncay-senlet, Ece. "Domestic Violence Against Women In Relations To Marital Adjustment And Psychological Well-being, With The Effects Of Attachment, Marital Coping, And Social Support". Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614305/index.pdf.

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This study was designed to examine the relationships of multiple types of domestic victimization (i.e., physical, psychological, sexual, and economic violence) to women&rsquo
s marital adjustment and psychological well-being, together with their socio-demographic characteristics and attachment, marital coping, and social support aspects. Altogether 524 married women provided data on domestic violence (Revised Conflict Tactics Scale), economic violence (Economic Violence Index), attachment (couples version of Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised), marital coping (Marital Coping Inventory), social support (Social Support Index), dyadic adjustment (Dyadic Adjustment Scale), psychological well-being (Brief Symptom Inventory), as well as demographic information. Results appeared to indicate a general tendency that women who have arranged marriages, more children, low education, low educated husbands, no or low income, and/or women who have more income compared to their husbands report higher levels of multiple types of domestic violence. Furthermore, the findings indicated that multiple types of domestic violence account for significant variances in marital adjustment and psychological well-being of married women, even after controlling for their attachment dimensions, marital coping strategies, and social support from different support groups. The findings were discussed in accordance with the relevant literature, and their implications for clinical practices and future studies were suggested.

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37

Somersalo, Heidi. "School environment and children's mental well-being : a child psychiatric view on relations between classroom climate, school budget cuts and children's mental health". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/somersalo/.

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Olsson, Elin. "Social Relations in Youth : Determinants and Consequences of Relations to Parents, Teachers, and Peers". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutet för social forskning (SOFI), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-56122.

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The thesis includes three empirical studies on Swedish children’s well-being. Central themes in these studies are how children’s social relations are influenced by and influence other dimensions of their well-being. The studies are framed in the introductory chapter, which includes an international comparison of children’s social relations. Study I analyses whether relations with parents and teachers are associated with the adolescent’s social background and whether the positive consequences of having strong relations are more important for disadvantaged adolescents. The results, based on nationally representative survey data, confirm that strong social relations are conducive to adolescents’ school and psychological outcomes, and show that disadvantaged adolescents have weaker relations with parents and teachers. Furthermore, these results imply that relations with teachers are of particular importance for disadvantaged adolescents’ outcomes, while parental relations are equally important for both advantaged and disadvantaged adolescents. Study II investigates the social side of consumption by studying the association between adolescents’ economic resources and their relations with peers. Analyses on nationally representative survey data; which include children’s own responses, as well as information from parents and register data, show that economic resources, in terms of both household economy and adolescents’ own resources, are positively associated with peer relations. Study III analyses whether final grades in compulsory school are influenced by the sex composition in school classes. Analyses using register data show that boys’ grades are negatively affected by the share of girls in school classes in typical female school subjects. Girls’ grades are negatively affected by the share of boys with highly educated parents. The proposed explanation behind the results is that sex composition effects are due to negative social comparisons with the other sex.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Submitted.

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39

Barrington-Leigh, Christopher Paul. "Geography, reference groups, and the determinants of life satisfaction". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3696.

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This dissertation combines three contributions to the literature on the determinants of well-being and the social nature of preferences. Departures from self-centred, consumption-oriented decision making are increasingly common in economic theory and are empirically well motivated by a wide range of behavioural data from experiments, surveys, and econometric inference. The first two contributions are focused on the idea that reference levels set by others’ consumption may figure prominently in both experienced well-being and in decision making. In the first paper, the well-being question is addressed empirically through the use of self-reported life satisfaction and high-resolution census and survey data in Canada. Strong income externalities are found at multiple spatial scales after controlling for various confounding factors. The second paper explores the general equilibrium consequences of a utility function having an explicit comparison with neighbours’ consumption. The question is investigated in a model in which decision makers knowingly choose their neighbours — and hence their consumption reference level — as well as their own consumption expenditure, thereby helping to set the reference level for nearby others. For both discrete and continuous distributions of types in an economy with a heterogeneous population undergoing such endogenous formation of consumption reference groups, there exist general equilibria in which differentiation of neighbourhoods occurs endogenously. The novel welfare implications of growth in such economies are described. The final paper addresses econometric reservations about the use of subjective reports as dependent variables. The date and location of survey interviews are combined with weather and climate records to construct the random component of weather conditions experienced by respondents on the day of their interview. Standard inferences about the determinants of life satisfaction remain robust after taking into account this significant source of affective bias.

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40

Wang, Ying. "Living Arrangements, Intergenerational Dynamics, and Psychological Well-being of Elders: An Examination of Predictors of Elder Depression in Retired Persons in Yancheng, Jiangsu, China". Yale University, 2009. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-05032009-135833/.

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This study explores the relationship between living arrangement and psychological wellbeing in retired elderly individuals living in Yancheng, Jiangsu (PR China). Data on mode of residence, socio-economic background, daily activities, and intergenerational dynamics were collected from 200 subjects, and their potential correlations with depression (assessed via the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Version) were analyzed. Univariate as well as logistic regression confirmed mode of residence as a significant predictor of depression in this group. The following depression odds ratios associated with each mode of residence were derived via logistic regression: 1) nuclear household, i.e. living with a spouse only ¨C 1 [reference category], 2) multigenerational households in which a spouse is not present ¨C 4.341, 3) multigenerational households in which a spouse is present ¨C 0.781, and 4) living alone ¨C 3.018. Based on these ratios, we conclude that the traditional model of intergenerational coresidence is not, in itself, associated with less depression. Rather, it is the presence of a sharing spousal in a household (whether single or multigenerational) that protects against elderly depression. Other predictors of depression identified in backward logistic regression included presence of a chronic illness and self assessed wealth status. Additionally, a number of psychosocial variables were identified as independently correlated with depression, but were subsequently selected out by multivariate analysis. These included: educational background, religious affiliation, membership in an organization, attitude toward aging, and family status. Based on this study, we believe that efforts to promote mental wellbeing among today¡¯s Chinese elders should be directed toward psychosocial factors that are modifiable (education, building supportive social networks etc.) rather than insisting on the traditional ideal of multigenerational living and dependence on filial piety.

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41

Celse, Jérémy. "Inequalities and destructive decisions : four essays on envy". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10067/document.

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A travers cette thèse, nous étudions l'envie et explorons l'impact de cette dernière sur le bien-être et le comportement individuel. Cette thèse se compose de quatre chapitres. Dans un premier chapitre, nous définissons l'envie en nous référant à des travaux réalisés en philosophie et en psychologie. Nous concluons que l'envie est une émotion déclenchée par la prise de conscience d'un attribut désiré, possédé par autrui et qui se caractérise par une douloureuse tristesse incluant des sentiments d'hostilité. Ensuite nous élaborons un protocole expérimental dont l'objectif est d'étudier l'impact de l'envie sur le bien-être et sur le comportement individuel. Nous capturons l'envie à travers des méthodes d'évaluation subjective et nous examinons si l'envie incite les sujets à réduire la dotation de leur partenaire malgré le coût personnel induit par la réduction. Nous observons que l'envie est fortement présente mais n'explique pas pourquoi les sujets réduisent la dotation des autres. Les inégalités de dotations mesurées en termes relatifs modulent les décisions des sujets à réduire la dotation d'autrui. Dans le chapitre trois, nous nous intéressons à l'impact de l'effort sur l'envie. Pour cela nous élaborons deux traitements. Dans un traitement, les sujets reçoivent des dotations de manière aléatoire alors que dans l'autre traitement les dotations sont attribuées en fonction de la performance de chaque sujet lors d'une tache effectuée avant l'expérience. Nous trouvons que l'effort n'affecte pas la satisfaction des sujets mais partiellement leur comportement : les sujets ne sont pas plus nombreux a réduire les gains des autres mais ils en réduisent une plus grande partie. Enfin, nous nous intéressons à un type de sujets particulier dans lequel l'envie est susceptible d'être ressentie fortement : les sportifs. Nous concluons que la pratique d'activités sportives pousse les agents à ressentir de l'envie et les incite à entreprendre des actions de réduction
Throughout this dissertation we aim at identifying envy and investigating its impacts on both individual well-being and behaviour. This dissertation consists of four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the definition of envy by referring to both researches on philosophy and psychology. We convey that envy can be defined as an emotion triggered by the awareness of a desired attribute enjoyed by another person characterised by a painful sadness including feelings of hostility. In the second chapter, we implement an experiment so as to investigate the impact of envy on individual well-being and behaviour. We capture envy through referring to self-report methods and explore whether envy pushes subjects to reduce their opponent's endowment at a personal cost. We observe that envy is highly present but does not explain why subjects reduce others' income. Inequalities between subjects' endowments measured in relative terms modulate subjects' decisions to reduce others' income. In chapter three, we study how effort affects envy and whether the impact of envy on both individual well-being and behaviour is amplified or weakened by effort. To fulfil our purpose, we implement two different conditions. In one condition endowments are randomly attributed to subjects and in the other condition endowments are allocated according to each subject's performance in a task. We observe that effort does not affect subjects' satisfaction and partially their behaviour : subjects do not reduce more often their opponent's endowment but they cut a higher portion of their opponent's endowment when endowments are attributed according to individual effort. In the final chapter, we focus on a specific category of subjects in which envy is ought to be experienced intensively : subjects practicing sport activities. We observe that sport practice pushes subjects to experience envy and exerts them to engage in reduction decisions

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Djiar, Ikram. "Economic transition and happiness and life satisfaction in Algeria, Egypt and Morocco". Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6161.

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The present research aims at examining the interaction between transition from centrally planned economies to market based economies and its subsequent effects on populations’ happiness and life satisfaction in Algeria, Egypt and Morocco. It also aims at advising policy makers on how economic policies may affect population’s subjective well-being. It is widely accepted that economic reforms affect individuals’ lives. In contrast, the populations’ values, attitudes and perceptions may also play a major role in the success of these reforms. The first study examines the determinants of happiness and life satisfaction by gender in Algeria and their attitudes and perceptions towards economic policies’ reforms. The survey reports that the female population in Algeria is happier and more satisfied with life than its male counterpart. It has been found that healthier individuals and those in the medium level of income are most likely to be happier and satisfied with their lives. Also, happiness is inversely “U-shaped” in age for the female population contradicting previous studies. Although, both genders believe that rapid market reforms do not have a negative impact on national stability, and are confident with the major companies, privatisation is found to be most likely having a negative effect on the life satisfaction among the male population. The second study examines the changes in the levels of life satisfaction in Egypt and Morocco over the first decade of the present century. It has been found that Egyptian women’ satisfaction with life is “U-shaped” in age, whereas in income that applies only to those at the medium, upper-medium and high levels of income. By contrast, Egyptian men are satisfied at all income levels. In Morocco, unemployed men and women are found to be satisfied with their lives in the beginning of the decade contradicting previous findings. While in the late 2000s, among the employed populations, females and males at the medium and the upper medium levels of income are satisfied, along with the lower level for women and the higher level for men. The third study examines the effect of relative income on individuals’ self-reported life satisfaction, assuming that the individual’s subjective judgement of his or her life satisfaction depends on both absolute and relative incomes. Absolute refers to the individual’s income, relative is the income of others around him or her called a reference group. The findings are that Algerians and Moroccans feel ambitious when self-reporting their levels of life satisfaction and referring their income to others’ income, but Egyptians feel jealous.

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Forsberg, Maria, i Ingela Olsson. "Betydelsen av humor i omvårdnad : Sjuksköterskors och patienters erfarenheter". Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-476.

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Bakgrund: Vad som upplevs som humor är individuellt. Humor och skratt medför både fysiologiska- och psykologiska effekter och en hypotes finns gällande humor och god hälsa. Humor har betydelse för kommunikationen men människors olika bakgrund kräver försiktighet vid användandet. Humorns positiva effekter kan kopplas till Kompetensbeskrivning för legitimerade sjuksköterskor som beskriver sjuksköterskans arbete utifrån fyra arbetsområden: främja hälsa, förebygga sjukdom, återställa hälsa och lindra lidande. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva patienters och sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av humor i omvårdnad. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på elva vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Humor utvecklades genom erfarenhet och krävde känsla och patientkännedom. Enligt sjuksköterskorna utgjorde humor ett effektivt kommunikationsredskap, beskrevs relationsfrämjande och något som kunde underlätta vid omvårdnadsåtgärder samt svåra situationer. Enligt patienterna krävdes empati och tillit för att humor skulle upplevas vårdande. De beskrev humor som en försvarsmekanism, ett sätt att prata om svåra saker och som självvårdande strategi. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskors förmåga att använda humor utvecklas genom erfarenhet. Genom att vara medveten om humorns begränsningar kan positiva effekter i omvårdnaden uppnås såsom främjande av relationer och underlättande vid omvårdnadsåtgärder. Då empati och tillit finns närvarande kan humor bli vårdande och bidra till välbefinnande och hälsa hos patienten. Klinisk betydelse: Kunskap om betydelse av humor skulle kunna få sjuksköterskor att bättre förstå och hjälpa patienter i omvårdnadssituationer.
Background: What is perceived as humor is individual. Humor and laughter contribute to both physiological and psychological effects and one hypothesis exists regarding humor and good health. Humor is also of importance in communication, but due to individual’s varied in backgrounds its use requires caution. The positive effects of humor can be linked to Competence description for registered nurses, which describes a nurse’s responsibilities in four different areas of work: promoting health, preventing disease, restoring health and alleviating suffering. Aim: The aim of this research study was to describe patients’ and nurses’ experiences of humor in nursing care. Method: A study of the literature based on eleven qualitative scientific articles. Result: Humor was developed through experience and in order to use humor, sensitivity and patient knowledge were required. Through its property of being an effective tool of communication, humor was described as a promoter of relationships, which could facilitate patient care. Patients argued that in order for humor to be viewed as caring, the presence of empathy and trust was required. They also described humor as a defense mechanism and as a self-nurturing strategy. Conclusion: Nurses’ ability to use humor is developed through experience. By being aware of the limitations of humor, positive effects in patient care can be achieved, such as promoting relationships and facilitating patient care. When empathy and trust are present, humor can become nurturing and contribute to well-being and health. Clinical Significance: Knowledge about the significance of humor may make nurses better able to understand and help patients in nursing care.

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Ballesteros, Leiva Felix. "Une étude des relations entre l'articulation travail-famille et le bien-être des travailleurs en mobilité à l'international". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G013.

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Suite à la globalisation des affaires et aux multiples changements démographiques, de plus en plus de professionnels vont travailler à l’étranger de leur propre initiative ou encore, pour réaliser un mandat au sein d’une filiale de leur entreprise localisée à l’étranger. L’objectif de cette recherche consiste à étudier le bien-être des travailleurs à l’international en s’appuyant sur deux courants théoriques, celui du bien-être psychologique et du bien-être subjectif. Le bien-être subjectif se réfère à l’évaluation que font les personnes des conditions et des caractéristiques de l’environnement. Le bien-être psychologique fait référence à l’ampleur avec laquelle la personne se sent bien avec elle-même et à la cohérence de son projet de vie avec ses valeurs et ses objectifs de vie. Tenant compte du fait qu’un travail à l’étranger affecte tout autant les vies professionnelle, personnelle et souvent de couple et familiale, cette étude analyse les incidences du conflit et de l’enrichissement travail-famille sur le bien-être des travailleurs en mobilité à l’international. Notre recherche permet aussi d’explorer comment l’articulation travail-famille (tant par les perceptions de conflit que d’enrichissement) des TMI peut être expliquée par trois grands déterminants: le soutien social, l’autoévaluation de soi et l’intelligence culturelle des TMI. L’étude a été menée auprès de 284 travailleurs en mobilité à l’international vivant et travaillant dans différents pays. Au terme de multiples analyses, nos résultats confirment l’importance pour les TMI de ne pas ressentir de conflit travail-famille, mais de percevoir de l’enrichissement travail-famille pour ressentir plus de bien-être. Nos résultats démontrent que le conflit travail-famille est lié négativement aux deux types de bien-être évalués, alors que l’enrichissement travail-famille est seulement lié au bien-être subjectif. Nos résultats confirment aussi les liens négatifs entre d’une part, le soutien offert par l’organisation et la famille et le sentiment d’autoévaluation de soi et d’autre part, sur le conflit travail-famille que ressentent les TMI. Il apparaît aussi que le soutien offert par les collègues a un effet positif sur le sentiment d’enrichissement travail-famille exprimé par les TMI. Cette thèse conclue sur les implications de ses résultats pour la recherche et la pratique. Pour finir, les limites et les perspectives de la recherche future sont exposées
As a result of the globalization of business and the many demographic changes, more and more professionals are working abroad on their own initiative or, to achieve a mandate within a branch of their company located abroad. The objective of this research is to study the concept of the foreign workers well-being. We associated this concept with two theoretical currents refereeing to the subjective well-being and the psychological well-being. The subjective well-being refers to the assessment made by the workers about the conditions and characteristics of the environment. The psychological well-being refers to the extent to which the individual feels good with himself and the consistency of his life project with its values and life goals. Taking into account that working in a foreign context can affect both the professional and personal lives of the individual, often affecting the couple and family, in this study we aim to examine the impacts of work-family conflict and enrichment experienced by workers (that are) in international mobility. Our research also allows us to explore how the work-family articulation (both by perceptions of conflict and enrichment) of workers in international mobility can be explained by three major determinants: social support, self-esteem and cultural intelligence. The study was conducted among 284 workers in international mobility that was living and working in different countries. After multiple analyzes, our results confirm the importance for these workers in international mobility to feel no work-family conflict, but to perceive work-family enrichment in order to experience more well-being. Moreover, our results show that work-family conflict is negatively related to both types of well-being assessed, while the work-family enrichment is only related to subjective well-being. Our results also highlight the negative links between on the one hand, the support offered by the organization and the family with the feeling of self-esteem and on the other, with work-family conflict experienced by workers in international mobility. It also appears that support from co-workers has a positive effect on work-family enrichment experienced and expressed by workers in international mobility. This thesis concludes on the implications of its results for research and practice. Finally, limitations and vision statement for the future research are explained

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Van, Dreven Amber, i res cand@acu edu au. "Waiting: a critical experience". Australian Catholic University. School of Nursing, 2001. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp12.25072005.

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This study explores the experiences of relatives waiting. Often relatives wait for considerably long periods, especially in critical care areas, whilst their loved one, whose health status is unknown, receives care. To explore these experiences and to understand the symbolic meaning behind the participants stories, a grounded theory approach was utilised which is firmly rooted in the sociological theory of symbolic interactionism. A qualitative approach was employed in order to yield a rich description of the human experience often not found in quantitative studies (Jamerson, Scheibmeir, Bott, Crighton, Hinton and Kuckelman, 1996, p. 468). Similarly, the use of feminist principles to guide this study has facilitated a greater understanding of such issues as gender roles, language, power and hierarchy. Using grounded theory methodology, audio-taped interviews were conducted with six female relatives who were recruited using theoretical sampling. Simultaneous recruitment, data collection, analysis and literature review took place, as advocated and outlined by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss (1967). The overarching core category discovered using this approach which epitomises the waiting experience, is the balancing of both positive and negative aspects of the four codes identified. These four codes are -mothering, trust, flustered anxiety and institutional and medical power. Each code had negative aspects, such as being denied the felt need to mother the critically ill loved one, being asked to entrust the health of a loved one to people that relatives had never met, feelings of fluster and anxiety, and a perception that they would interfere with medial care if they were to be involved in their loved ones care. Conversely, each code could potentially have a positive aspect, such as being involved in the care of the loved one, feelings of relief once the care of the loved one was entrusted to professional health care providers, affiliating with other relatives who were waiting in similar circumstances, and receiving frequent information from staff. A final model was produced that illustrates the balance that many relatives aspire to when waiting in the Emergency Department waiting room. If the balance tips in favour of the negative aspects of the codes, a negative impact on the relatives feelings of well being can result.

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46

Inanc, Hande. "Labour market insecurity and family relations in the United Kingdom". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9d57674a-2ae9-43cf-ae09-35d0a256554a.

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This thesis investigates how the experience of labour market insecurity affects individuals’ life courses and family lives in the UK. It focuses on unemployment and temporary work as the two sources of insecurity and examines their consequences on partnership formation, transition into parenthood, the well-being within family, and partnership dissolution. It follows a longitudinal approach and uses a sample from the BHPS. The results showed that unemployment has serious negative consequences for individuals’ family outcomes. Temporary work also has some negative outcomes, particularly for the vulnerable groups. Unemployment and temporary employment seem to discourage young adults to form marital unions, whereas especially for the young and non-married men unemployment increased the risk of fatherhood. Temporary work has a similar effect for those with no educational qualification, who are more likely to have their first child. Unemployed individuals and their spouses report a drop in their life-satisfaction, psychological well-being and are more likely to feel depressed, and they face a greater risk of marital separation. Male temporary work is associated with poorer well-being for the low-skilled employees and those who report subjective job insecurity. The wives of men working on temporary contracts also suffer from a decline in the well-being. The thesis also looked into the consequences of insecurity at the couple level. Contrary to our initial assumption, dual-insecurity - where both of the spouses are in insecure employment - does not have the strongest effect on the family. Rather, role-reversal between the spouses has the largest impact for family outcomes. When a male partner is unemployed and the female partner is employed, or when the male partner is working on temporary basis and the female partner is working on permanent basis, then the couple delays transition into parenthood, it suffers from a decline in the well-being, and it is more likely to separate.

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47

Svenmyr, Emilia, i Jonas Sjölund. "Kritik i arbetet - varför så negativt? : En socialpsykologisk studie om kritikens betydelse för sociala relationer i ett lärarlag". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17958.

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Kritik är ett begrepp som inte har fått lika stort utrymme som feedback i forskning om sociala relationer. Den här studien visar på dess betydelse för relationer mellan lärare på en gymnasieskola. Utifrån teorier som Scheffs sociala band, Asplunds problemlösning, Meads ”I” och ”Me” med flera, belyser vi kritikens olika aspekter och vad som krävs för att den skall tolkas som positiv kontra negativ. Vi har under den här studien hittat en del saker som är relevanta när det gäller hur personer förhåller sig till kritik, exempelvis på vilket sätt den bör framföras och tas emot. När kritiken tolkas som någonting positivt leder det till känslor av engagemang och en vilja att göra bra ifrån sig bland annat, men när den istället tolkas som någonting negativt kan den ha motsatt effekt som visar sig genom att individen kan avskärma sig från andra personer eller situationer. Kritiken kan även ge effekt, både till det bättre eller det sämre på arbetsmiljön och påverka samarbetet mellan lärarna på arbetsplatsen.
Critique is a term that has not been given as much focus as the term feedback regarding research and studies of social relations. This study shows the importance of critique in the relations between teachers at an upper-secondary school. Using theories such as Scheff´s social bonds, Asplund´s problem solving, Mead´s “I” and “Me” amongst others we show the different aspects of critique, and what decides if it is interpreted as positive or negative. We have while doing this study discovered some things that are relevant when it comes to how individuals behave in regards to critique, for instance in what way it should be told and received. If the critique is interpreted as something positive it can lead to feelings of commitment and it can create a will to improve oneself. If it is interpreted as something negative it might have the opposite effect, that the individual isolates him or herself from other people or situations. Critique can also have an impact, for better or worse for the work environment and affect the teamwork between the teachers who work together.

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48

Lunceford, Gregg M. "WHAT IS RETIREMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY?" Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1491153247367374.

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49

"Effects of expressed emotion on psychosoical well-being of people with psychotic disorders and their relatives". 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896643.

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Lam, Yin Hung.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-97).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.iii
摘要(ABSTRACT IN CHINESE) --- p.iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi
TlST OF TABLES --- p.viii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.ix
LIST OF APPENDIX --- p.x
Chapter CHAPTER I: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS --- p.1
EXPRESSED EMOTION & RELAPSE OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS --- p.2
POSITIVE EXPRESSED EMOTION COMPONENTS --- p.3
ASSESSMENT TOOLS OF EXPRESSED EMOTION --- p.5
CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS OF EXPRESSED EMOTION --- p.7
PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF PPD --- p.10
RECOVERY: EMPOWERMENT & LIFE SATISFACTION --- p.11
EMPOWERMENT --- p.13
LIFE SATISFACTION --- p.14
PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF RELATIVES --- p.14
AIMS OF STUDY --- p.15
HYPOTHESES OF STUDY --- p.16
Chapter CHAPTER II: --- METHOD --- p.17
PARTICIPANTS --- p.17
MEASURES --- p.21
PROCEDURE --- p.33
Chapter CHAPTER III: --- RESULTS --- p.33
INTER-RATER RELIABILITY OF FMSS CATEGORIZATIONS --- p.33
NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE EE SCORES --- p.34
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OVERALL EE AND SUB-EE --- p.36
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FMSS AND SELF-REPORT MEASURES --- p.38
"RELATIONSHIP BEWTEEN DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, SELF-REPORT EE AND OUTCOME VARIABLES" --- p.39
RELATIVES' EE: BREAKDOWN BY DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS --- p.43
COVARIATES RELATED TO PPD´بS LIFE SATISFACTION CONTROLLED FOR --- p.47
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELATIVES´ة EXPRESSED EMOTION AND PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF RELATIVES AND PPD --- p.49
PROPOSED MODEL (MODEL 1): SELF-REPORT AND FMSS --- p.49
REFINED MODEL (MODEL 2): SELF-REPORT AND FMSS --- p.52
FINAL MODEL (MODEL 3 A): SELF-REPORT AND FMSS --- p.56
ALTERNATIVE MODEL (MODEL 3B): SELF-REPORT AND FMSS --- p.61
Chapter CHAPTER IV: --- DISCUSSION --- p.67
EXPRESSED EMOTION --- p.68
SCORING SCHEME FOR EE --- p.68
FMSS EE CATEGORIZATION --- p.68
FMSS & SELF-REPORT OVERALL & SUB-EE --- p.69
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FMSS & SELF-REPORT EE --- p.71
"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEMOGRAPHICS, SELF-REPORT EE & OUTCOME VARIABLES" --- p.71
COVARIATES RELATED TO PPD，S LIFE SATISFACTION --- p.73
"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELATIVES, EE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF RELATIVES & PPD" --- p.74
OVERALL COMPARISON BETWEEN FMSS & SELF-REPORT MODELS --- p.78
IMPLICATIONS --- p.79
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND FUTURE DIRECTION --- p.82
REFERENCES --- p.89

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WU, HSIN-MEI, i 吳欣玫. "Relative Income and Subjective Well-Being in Taiwan". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61836078995865201639.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
財政學系
102
Even in different countries and cultures, researchers have found that health, income, social connect and social interest are the main determinations of subjective well-being (SWB). It is said in economics textbooks that an individual with a higher income level certainly has a higher level of utility, but this argument is based on the measurement of absolute income. Alternatively, in addition to absolute income, growing literature has found that SWB is highly relative to relative income. This paper extensively examines how SWB depends on relative income that is measured by an income aspiration constructed by a comparison between one’s desired level of income and his actual income. Using the data drawn from Taiwan Social Chang Survey and the empirical evidence of this study indicates that a higher level of income aspiration reduces an individual’s SWB. In other word, if an individual is more satisfied with his (her) income, the happier he (she) is. Moreover, this paper finds direct evidence that gender, age, education, and religion are strongly associated with the level of SWB.

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