Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Weishi Xian (China)”
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Zhang, Yanjie, Jianlong Han, Xu Wang, Daijun Jiang i Jiandong Li. "Evaluation of Loess Collapsibility Based on Random Field Theory in Xi’an, China". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (13.10.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8665061.
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The engineering properties of collapsible loess have significant uncertainty. Accurate prediction of collapsible deformation is crucial for the safety of engineering construction in loess areas. Taking the typical collapsible loess stratum as the research object in Xi’an, based on the random field theory, combined with the Monte Carlo strategy and modulus reduction method, the stochastic finite element analysis of loess self-weight collapsibility is carried out to study the influence of the spatial variability of compression modulus on the self-weight collapsibility of loess. The results show that the loess tends to be stratified and average along the depth direction with the increase of transverse correlation distance. The random field result of self-weight collapsibility considering the spatial variability of compression modulus is significantly greater than the deterministic result of layered average and the calculated value of loess code. Considering the low compression modulus dominance effect of compression modulus with positive skewed distribution of random field, the equivalent characteristic value of the compression modulus calculated by the layered average modeling for the collapsibility evaluation of typical loess strata in Xi'an area is proposed.
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Zhao, Jingwen, Phattaraphon Mahakhan i Prakit Hongsaenyatham. "The Development of Sport Culture Indicators for Sports Avenue". International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews 4, nr 3 (9.06.2024): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.60027/ijsasr.2024.4149.
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Background and Aim: China has officially entered a new era of reform, marking that the construction of university sports culture has also ushered in a new era and new challenges. Therefore, this research aims to develop the sports culture indicators for sports avenues. Materials and Methods: The expert group members of this study are mainly university physical education teachers in Xi’an, leaders of Xi' a Sports Bureau, and grass-roots front-line teachers. All the selected experts have a rich theoretical basis and practical experience in constructing campus sports culture. Five people were selected by IOC, 25 people were selected by Cronbach reliability test, 19 experts by Delphi method, and 122 people for empirical research. Hierarchical Analysis YAAHP6.0 software is used to calculate the weight and consistency of each index and data processing of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method Matlab software is used to analyze the data. Results: The evaluation index system of university sports culture construction in Xi'an is constructed. The first-level indicators include sports spirit and culture, sports material culture, sports system culture, and sports behavior culture. The secondary index includes 9 aspects. There are 24 three-level indicators, covering all key aspects of the construction of campus sports culture. Conclusion: The evaluation index system proposed in this study is comprehensive, systematic, and scientific, which can provide effective tools for the evaluation and decision-making of the sports culture construction in Xi'an universities. The evaluation index system is scientific, systematic, and practical.
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Li, Wanshuai, Yang Yang, Zijun Ouyang, Qi Zhang, Lu Wang, Feifei Tao, Yongqian Shu, Yanhong Gu, Qiang Xu i Yang Sun. "Xiao-Ai-Ping, a TCM Injection, Enhances the Antigrowth Effects of Cisplatin on Lewis Lung Cancer Cells through Promoting the Infiltration and Function of CD8+T Lymphocytes". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/879512.
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Objectives. To investigate how Xiao-Ai-Ping injection, a traditional Chinese medicine and an ancillary drug in tumor treatment, enhances the antitumor effects of cisplatin on Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells.Methods. LLC-bearing mice were daily intraperitoneally injected with various doses of cisplatin, Xiao-Ai-Ping, or cisplatin plus Xiao-Ai-Ping, respectively. Body weight and tumor volumes were measured every three days.Results. Combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin yielded significantly better antigrowth and proapoptotic effects on LLC xenografts than sole drug treatment did. In addition, we found that Xiao-Ai-Ping triggered the infiltration of CD8+T cells, a group of cytotoxic T cells, to LLC xenografts. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of interferon-γ(ifn-γ), perforin-1 (prf-1), and granzyme B (gzmb) in CD8+T cells were significantly increased after combination treatment of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin.In vitrostudies showed that Xiao-Ai-Ping markedly upregulated the mRNA levels ofifn-γ,prf-1,andgzmbin CD8+T cells in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that Xiao-Ai-Ping augments the function of CD8+T cells.Conclusions. Xiao-Ai-Ping promotes the infiltration and function of CD8+T cells and thus enhances the antigrowth effects of cisplatin on LLC xenografts, which provides new evidence for the combination of Xiao-Ai-Ping and cisplatin in clinic in China.
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Zhou, Qiang, Bai Chang, Xin-Yan Chen, Shui-Ping Zhou, Zhong Zhen, Lan-Lan Zhang, Xin Sun i in. "Chinese Herbal Medicine for Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Multicenter, Prospective Trial". American Journal of Chinese Medicine 42, nr 06 (styczeń 2014): 1345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x14500840.
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Obesity is a serious medical problem worldwide. As a holistic therapy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may have a potential in obesity management. In this controlled trial, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Xin-Ju-Xiao-Gao-Fang (XJXGF), a TCM herbal formulation, in 140 obese subjects over a 24-week period. The XJXGF formula mainly consists of rhubarb, coptis, semen cassia, and citrus aurantium. Subjects with body mass index (BMI) 28–40 kg/m2 were recruited at 5 centers in China. We assessed the changes in subjects' body weight, its related parameters, and the reduction of insulin resistance (IR) after administration of XJXGF formula or low-dose XJXGF (10% of the XJXGF formula, as control). After 24-week treatment, among participants in the XJXGF formula group and low-dose XJXGF group, the mean ± SE changes in the body weight were -3.58 ± 0.48 and -1.91 ± 0.38 kg, respectively (p < 0.01). The changes in the IR-index of two groups were -2.65 ± 1.04 and -1.58 ± 1.3, respectively (p < 0 .05). There were no serious adverse events reported during the 24-week trial. Participants reported 7 minor adverse events, 4 in the XJXGF formula group and 3 in the low-dose XJXGF group (p = 0.578). Future studies are needed to investigate the clinical utility of this TCM formulation in the treatment of obese subjects.
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Zhang, Li Ning. "Assessment Air Quality Using ES-SOFM Hybrid Model in Xi’an, China". Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (grudzień 2014): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.460.
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On the basis of six kinds of air pollutant data provided by the Xi’an Environment Protection Bureau, Two kinds of air assessment model were presented in this paper. Firstly, air quality index (AQI), which has been adopted as a part of national standard in China, was used to assess the air quality of Xi’an in 2013 winter. We also introduced a fuzzy self-organizing feature map (SOFM) model to classify air quality in an unsupervised and comprehensive way. As a further research, a hybrid model was put forward based on Evolutionary Strategy (ES) and SOFM. With SOFM neural networks embedded into ES, the sensitivity of SOFM neural networks to the initial weight matrix and sequence of exemplar input is overcome by the global optimization of ES. The results of our work demonstrate that the ES-SOFM Hybrid Model is quite appropriate techniques for air quality assessment. Unlike AQI method, SOFM’s result is decided by all pollutant instead of only the most serious one. No matter what kind of method, all assessment results show the very serious air pollution in Xi’an. The government and every citizen must take steps at once to prevent air quality from further depravation.
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Shang, Li, Liyan Huang, Liren Yang, Longtao Leng, Cuifang Qi, Guilan Xie, Ruiqi Wang, Leqian Guo, Wenfang Yang i Mei Chun Chung. "Impact of air pollution exposure during various periods of pregnancy on term birth weight: a large-sample, retrospective population-based cohort study". Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, nr 3 (11.09.2020): 3296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10705-3.
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AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that maternal exposure to air pollution might affect term birth weight. However, the conclusions are controversial. Birth data of all term newborns born in Xi’an city of Shaanxi, China, from 2015 to 2018 and whose mother lived in Xi’an during pregnancy were selected form the Birth Registry Database. And the daily air quality data of Xi’an city was collected from Chinese Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform. Generalized additive models (GAM) and 2-level binary logistic regression models were used to estimate the effects of air pollution exposure on term birth weight, the risk term low birth weight (TLBW), and macrosomia. Finally, 321521 term newborns were selected, including 4369(1.36%) TLBW infants and 24,960 (7.76%) macrosomia. The average pollution levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 in Xi’an city from 2015 to 2018 were higher than national limits. During the whole pregnancy, maternal exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO all significantly reduced the term birth weight and increased the risk of TLBW. However, NO2 and O3 exposure have significantly increased the term birth weight, and O3 even increased the risk of macrosomia significantly. Those effects were also observed in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. But during the third trimester, high level of air quality index (AQI) and maternal exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO increased the term birth weight and the risk of macrosomia, while O3 exposure was contrary to this effect. The findings suggested that prenatal exposure to air pollution might cause adverse impacts on term birth weight, and the effects varied with trimesters and pollutants, which provides further pieces of evidence for the adverse effects of air pollution exposure in heavy polluted-area on term birth weight.
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羅堉誠, 羅堉誠, i 莊佳佳 莊佳佳. "跆拳道對打選手參加 2019 全國運動會之競賽實務分析：以金牌選手黃昱翔為例". 跆拳道學刊 9, nr 9 (grudzień 2022): 051–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/251969952022120009004.
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<p>中華民國全國運動會（簡稱全運會）是中華民國國內規模與等級最大的綜合運動會，黃昱翔與指導教練在2019年全運會賽前準備充足，不論是平時的體重控制，或是賽前以賽代訓的練習模式及出國移地訓練甚至到賽中的臨場表現，黃昱翔都表現的可圈可點，也順利的拿下本屆全運會的金牌。黃昱翔減重10公斤達到54公斤級並能夠獲得全運會金牌最主要的作法:一、在降體重部分成果十分顯著，體重順利下降得以順利參加比賽。二、在為期只有三個月的短期集訓中，使用以賽代訓的訓練模式來增加選手的實戰經驗。三、在賽前反覆模擬與對手的比賽，並於訓練及賽後要求給予心得回饋，種種方式使黃昱翔選手順利奪冠。本技術報告書撰寫方向主要透過統整2019新北市全國運動會跆拳道項目代表隊選手黃昱翔的訓練計畫、訓練內容、以及後續比賽時的對戰紀錄和各項統計資料，期盼未來能夠將所有的訓練內容都有完整的建檔以供後續新北市規劃訓練以及建立有制度的選、訓、賽的各項資料，讓後續教練以及選手能有分析及精進的進步空間</p> <p> </p><p>The National Games of the Republic of China (referred to as the National Games) is the largest comprehensive sports event in the Republic of China in terms of scale and level. Huang, Yu-Xiang and coaching coaches are well prepared before the National Games, whether it is usual weight control or pre-match competition Huang, Yu-Xiang’s performance in the practice mode of substitute training and overseas training and even the on-the-spot performance in the game is remarkable, and he also successfully won the gold medal of National Games in 2019.Huang, Yu-Xiang was able to win the gold medal in the National Games for New Taipei city. The most important method about training program of was Huang, Yu-Xiang: 1. The plan of weight control was implemented properly, and the weight was smoothly reduced 10Kg to 54Kg and participate in the competition smoothly. 2. In the three months training period, the training by competition to increase the players’ actual combat experience. 3. Repeatedly simulate the match with the opponent before the game, and ask for feedback after training and after each game, various methods have enabled Huang, Yu-Xiang to win the championship.The direction of this technical report was mainly through the integration of the 2019 New Taipei City National Games Taekwondo team player Huang, Yu-Xiang’s training plan, training content, and records and various statistical data of competitions. Further researcher should complete the training content for the follow-up New Taipei City planning training and the establishment of systematic selection, training, and competition information, so that subsequent coaches and players can analysis and improvement the training plan.</p> <p> </p>
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Xu, Yuanjun, Jiading Wang, Tianfeng Gu, Dengfei Zhang i Weiqian Ma. "Study on the Loess Immersion Test of Metro Line 2 in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China". Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (2.02.2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6654391.
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With the implementation of China’s western development and “One Belt, One Road” initiative, there are more and more projects in the collapsibility loess area, and the collapsibility loess problem encountered in the construction is becoming more and more prominent. In this paper, the collapsibility loess of the south extension section of Xi’an Metro Line 2 is investigated, and its collapsibility characteristics are studied through a large-scale site immersion test. The test site was a 15 m diameter circular test pit, which took 35 days for water injection and 60 days for observation after water stopped. The test results showed that the maximum self-weight collapsibility of the soil layer in the test pit is 32 mm, and the deformation amount is 10.05 mm in Q3 and 9.55 mm in Q2. The maximum deformation amount of 32 mm is less than 70 mm in the shallow marker; it may be caused by the paleosol layer as a bridge to provide a support to the overlying soil layer. The shape of the sphere of influence after immersion resembles a trumpet, slightly protruding outwards from the paleosol. The scope of influence between the infiltrated and saturated zones gradually increases with depth, and the saturated zone is generally smaller than the infiltrated zone. The research results of this paper can provide technical support and reference for the construction of Xi’an Metro Line 2 and other related projects in the region.
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Song, Xiaowei, i Yongpei Hao. "Analysis of Ozone Pollution Characteristics and Transport Paths in Xi’an City". Sustainability 14, nr 23 (2.12.2022): 16146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316146.
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Xi’an is a key city for air-pollution prevention and control in China, and its near-ground ozone (O3) pollution has become a key issue whose resolution is urgent. The spatial and temporal variations in ozone pollution and their relationship with meteorological factors, transport pathways, and potential source distribution in Xi’an City were investigated in this study using the backward trajectory clustering analysis, potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration weight trajectory (CWT) methods coupled with the hourly ozone-mass concentration observations and meteorological data from 2014 to 2020. The results indicate that Xi’an City has suffered from increasingly severe ozone pollution in recent years. Overall, the annual average mass concentration of O3_8h_max presented an upward trend, exhibiting a 34.94% increase from 2014 to 2020. A seasonal variation peak occurred in summer, and the monthly variations featured an inverted “V” shape. Furthermore, the diurnal variation was significantly affected by the near-surface atmospheric photochemical process, showing a discernible single-peak and single-valley distribution with a peak between 15:00 and 17:00. The O3 concentration demonstrated a significant linear positive correlation with surface temperature and sunshine duration. When the relative humidity was 30~50%, the temperature was above 30 °C, and the wind speed was ≤4 m/s, high-concentration O3 pollution was liable to occur. The transmission mainly relied on short-distance airflow during periods of heavy O3-polluted weather. In this context, in addition to local O3 generation, high O3 concentrations were also affected by the large NOx and VOC emissions from heavy industries in neighboring cities in Shaanxi Province, southwest Shanxi Province, and northern Henan Province. Therefore, joint prevention and control measures on the O3 pollution in Xi’an City must be adopted throughout the Fenwei Plain area with the aim of strictly controlling the emissions from regional pollution sources.
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Fan, XiaoYu, i Panya Sungkawadee. "Construction of the Evaluation Index System for the Sustainable Development of Primary School Campus Football in Shaanxi Province, China". International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews 3, nr 5 (23.09.2023): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.60027/ijsasr.2023.3300.
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Background and Aim: This study expounds the theoretical framework for constructing the evaluation index system for the sustainable development of elementary school football in Shaanxi Province, including the final evaluation index system and evaluation methods. The main objective of this research was to develop the evaluation index system for football in elementary schools in China’s Shaanxi province. Materials and Methods: The populations of this research include educational experts, physical education experts, teachers or university teachers, experts in the direction of football, campus football managers, and football coaches. Consult 5 experts through questionnaires and then using the Delphi method, the expert questionnaires were distributed to 19 experts, and two rounds of questionnaires were distributed and collected to screen out the core indicators and then determine the index weight of the sustainable development evaluation system of primary school football in Shaanxi Province, finally use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the sustainable development ability of Xi'an primary school football. Result: (1) Construct the sustainable development evaluation index system for primary school football in Shaanxi Province, including 4 first-level indicators, 13 second-level indicators, and 48 third-level indicators. (2) The first-level indicator, "organizational leadership and policy" is higher than the other three indicators, accounting for 31%. The second-level indicators, the weight of the four indicators of "implementation of national policies", "improvement of rules and regulations", "physical education hours", and "campus football culture" all exceed 10%, and there should be more support and supervision in the development process. Among the third-level indicators, the weight of the two indicators of "after-school training and competition rules and regulations" and "the number of football-themed campus cultural activities" exceeds 5%. The weight of the six indicators of "Rules and Regulations", "Number of Weeks", "Length of a Single Class", and "Extracurricular Activities" exceeds 3.5%. Conclusion: The research findings were: (1) There are 65 indicators of first-level, second-level, and third-level sustainable development of primary school campus football in Shaanxi Province, China. (2) Determine the weight ratio of indicators at all levels. (3) Through empirical research, the level of sustainable development ability of campus football in primary schools in Xi'an is obtained.
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Dixson, B. J., Baoguo Li i A. F. Dixson. "Female waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index and sexual attractiveness in China". Current Zoology 56, nr 2 (1.04.2010): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/56.2.175.
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Abstract Men and women at Northwest University (n=751), Xi'an, China were asked to judge the attractiveness of photographs of female patients who had undergone micrograft surgery to reduce their waist-to-hip ratios (WHR). Micrograft surgery involves harvesting adipose tissue from the waist and reshaping the buttocks to produce a low WHR and an ‘hourglass’ female figure. This gynoid distribution of female body fat has been shown to correlate with measures of fertility and health. Significantly larger numbers of subjects, of both sexes, chose post-operative photographs, with lower WHRs, as more attractive than pre-operative photographs of the same women. Some patients had gained, and some had lost weight, post-operatively, with resultant changes in body mass index (BMI). However, these changes in BMI were not related to judgments of attractiveness. These results show that the hourglass female figure is rated as attractive in China, and that WHR, rather than BMI, plays a crucial role in such attractiveness judgments.
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Yan, Zhou. "A Preliminary Study on Pollution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil around a Thermal Power Plant of Xi'an City". E3S Web of Conferences 204 (2020): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020401012.
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To understand the status and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution in industrial areas in China. The total of 4 surface soil samples were collected from a thermal power plant of Xi’an. The concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, the composition, source, pollution level and risk assessment of PAHs in surface soil of thermal power plant were studied. The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 3.28 to 8.88 μg•g-1, with a mean of 5.52 μg•g-1. The concentration of 7 carcinogenic PAHs (Σ7CPAHs) ranged from 1.52 to 4.82 μg•g-1, with a mean of 2.60 μg•g-1. The ∑PAHs in around thermal power plant surface soils of Xi’an belonged to serious pollution level. The PAHs in present study were mainly composed of medium molecular weight PAHs and high molecular weight PAHs, which have strong three effects. The results of source analysis showed that the PAHs in surface soil were mainly originated from the combustion of fossil oil, coal, wood and other biomass. The results of ecological risks of PAHs in the surface soil showed that all samples were polluted generally. The potential ecological risk of PAHs belonged to the serious level in individual PAHs and samples. There are two samples value of TEQBap exceed the security value 0.600 μg•g-1. Therefore, the environment of industrial areas should be attention and controlled.
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Qu, Wen, Hao Lian, Yao Wang i Yan Ma. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Coupling Coordination Relationship of “Population–Environment” Development in the Xi’an Metropolitan Area". Sustainability 15, nr 5 (3.03.2023): 4533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054533.
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In China, the metropolitan area is an important spatial carrier to promote high-quality urbanization as well as the coordinated development of large, medium, and small cities and regions. The environment is an important factor affecting the quality of life among urban populations, and anthropogenic activity significantly impacts the natural and built environments. Considering the Xi’an metropolitan area as a case study, we selected three subsystems across three cross-sections in 2000, 2010, and 2020: population agglomeration, natural ecological development, and urban environmental development. We used the entropy weight method, coupling the coordination model and correlation analysis to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns, coupling coordination relationship, and related development factors of the “population–environment” system. The results showed that the development of the “population–environment” system in Xi’an exhibits stratification and differentiation between the center, core, and periphery circles. The coupling coordination level of “population–environment” is slowly improving, while most districts and counties have been on the verge of incoordination. Furthermore, the coupling coordination relationship of each district and county could be further classified into five types. Accordingly, this paper discusses corresponding and differentiated strategies to promote the healthy and sustainable development of regional populations and the environment for districts and counties.
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Ma, Lu, Zeping Fang, Liwang Gao, Yaling Zhao, Hong Xue, Ke Li i Youfa Wang. "A 3-year Longitudinal Study of Pocket Money, Eating Behavior, Weight Status: The Childhood Obesity Study in China Mega-Cities". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, nr 23 (7.12.2020): 9139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239139.
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The associations between children’s pocket money and their eating behaviors and weight status have not been examined using longitudinal data in China. Examined child and parental factors associated with children’s pocket money, and longitudinal effects of pocket money on children’s eating behaviors and weight status. Data were collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 from 3261 school-age children and their parents in mega-cities across China (Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Xi’an, Chengdu). Children’s weight, height, and waist circumference were measured; pocket money and eating behaviors were self-reported. Mixed effect models were used. Older children received more pocket money than younger children (incident rate ratio (IRR) = 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 1.26). Fathers gave their children more pocket money than mothers did (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.30). Children with fathers having ≥ college education received more pocket money than the others did (IRR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.40). Some nutrition-related parenting behaviors and attitude were also associated with children’s pocket money. Compared with children receiving no weekly pocket money, those having 1–10 or 10–30 or >30-yuan weekly pocket money were 12.0–136% more likely to consume unhealthy foods and were 66–132% more likely to be overweight or obese. Some child and parental factors were associated with children’s pocket money, which increased risks of having unhealthy eating behaviors and being overweight and obese.
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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Ji-Eun Kim i Seung Hee Baek. "Cuban Policosanol (Raydel®) Potently Protects the Liver, Ovary, and Testis with an Improvement in Dyslipidemia in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish: A Comparative Study with Three Chinese Policosanols". Molecules 28, nr 18 (14.09.2023): 6609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186609.
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Many policosanols from different sources, such as sugar cane and rice bran, have been marketed worldwide to improve blood lipid profiles. But so far, no comparative study has commenced elucidating the effect of different policosanols to improve the blood lipid profile and other beneficial effects. This study compared the efficacy of four different policosanols, including one sugar cane wax alcohol from Cuba (Raydel®) and three policosanols from China (Xi’an Natural sugar cane, Xi’an Realin sugar cane, and Shaanxi rice bran), to treat dyslipidemia in hyperlipidemic zebrafish. After 12 weeks of consumption of each policosanol (final 0.1% in diet, wt/wt) and a high-cholesterol diet (HCD, final 4%, wt/wt), the Raydel policosanol group and the Xi’an Natural policosanol group showed the highest survivability, of approximately 81%. In contrast, the Xi’an Realin policosanol and the Shaanxi policosanol groups showed 57% and 67% survivability, respectively. Among the five HCD groups, the Raydel policosanol group showed the lowest serum total cholesterol (TC, p < 0.001 versus HCD control) and triglyceride (p < 0.001 versus HCD control), with the highest percentage of high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol in TC. The Raydel policosanol group also showed the lowest serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, with the least infiltration of inflammatory cells and interleukin-6 production in hepatocytes with a marked reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and fatty liver changes. In the ovary, the Raydel policosanol group also showed the highest content of mature vitellogenic oocytes with the lowest production of reactive oxygen species and cellular apoptosis in ovarian cells. In the testes, the Raydel policosanol group also showed the healthiest morphology for spermatogenesis, with the lowest interstitial area and reactive oxygen species production in testicular cells. Conclusively, among the tested policosanols, Cuba (Raydel®) policosanol exhibited a comparatively better effect in maintaining zebrafish body weight, survivability, blood lipid profile, hepatic function biomarkers, fatty liver changes, ROS generation, inflammation, and restoration of the cell morphology in ovaries and testes affected by the HCD consumption.
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Zhou, Zhongliang, Yanfang Su, Jesse Heitner, Yafei Si, Dan Wang, Zhiying Zhou i Changzheng Yuan. "The Effects on Inappropriate Weight for Gestational Age of an SMS Based Educational Intervention for Pregnant Women in Xi’an China: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trial". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, nr 5 (25.02.2020): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051482.
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Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of maternal text messages on inappropriate weight for gestational age (IWGA) in newborns in rural China. Methods: Participants were pregnant women presenting for antenatal care at a Maternal and Child Health Center in Xi’an, China during the 2013–2015 period. In total, 2115 women completed the program with follow-up information included in the final analyses. All mothers were divided into four groups, including (1) a control group that received only a few “Basic” messages, (2) a Care-Seeking (CS) message group, (3) Good Household Prenatal Practices (GHPP) message group, and (4) a group receiving all 148 text messages. The primary outcome was IWGA, including small for gestational age (SGA) and macrosomia (weighing ≥4000g at birth). Multivariable logistic regression using an intent-to-treat estimate was utilized. Results: In total, 19.5% of newborns were IWGA. The risk of IWGA was 23.0% in the control group, 19.6% in the CS group, 18.9% in the GHPP group, and 16.5% in the group with All Texts. Compared to the control group, the odds ratio of IWGA was 0.65 (0.48–0.89) for the group receiving All Texts, which remained statistically significant after performing the Holm-Bonferroni correction. The odds ratio of macrosomia was 0.54 (0.34–0.87) and 0.57 (0.36–0.49) for the Care Seeking message group and the All Texts group, respectively, with statistical significance. Conclusion: A package of free informational text messages, including advice for good household prenatal practices and care seeking, may prevent the inappropriate weight for gestational age through a protective effect on macrosomia. Advice to encourage care seeking in pregnancy may prevent macrosomia among neonates in rural China as well.
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Dai, Wen-Ting, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Kin-Fai Ho i Jun-Ji Cao. "Characterization of Particulate-Phase High Molecular Weight Mono-Carbonyls (C# > 5) and Dicarbonyls in Urban Atmosphere of Xi’an, China". Aerosol and Air Quality Research 12, nr 5 (2012): 892–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2011.12.0228.
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Jiang, Jiaxu, Zhiyuan Mei i Jiahao Tian. "Establishment and analysis of urban talent attraction evaluation model". E3S Web of Conferences 360 (2022): 01082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236001082.
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Nowadays, the attraction to talents has become increasingly prodominent in determing the future development prospect of cities. How to quantify the attractiveness of cities to talents is an important issue in evaluating the comprehensive competitiveness of cities. This paper takes Xi’an and other emerging first-tier cities in China as the main research object, and classifies the indicators that affect the attractiveness of urban talents into five specific categories. A set of evaluation models are constructed by using entropy weight method, information entropy method and TOPSIS algorithm. The different indicators that measure the level of urban development are normalized and weighted to obtain the attractiveness index of urban talents to describe the attractiveness of talents in cities with similar development levels. To prove the rationality of the model, we apply this evaluation model to different cities and test its stability.
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He, Chao, Song Hong, Hang Mu, Peiyue Tu, Lu Yang, Biqin Ke i Jiayi Huang. "Characteristics and Meteorological Factors of Severe Haze Pollution in China". Advances in Meteorology 2021 (21.06.2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6680564.
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A severe haze pollution incident caused by unfavorable weather conditions and a northern air mass occurred in eastern, northern, northwestern, and southwestern China from January 15 to January 22, 2018. To comparatively analyze variations in PM2.5 pollution, hourly monitoring data and 24 h meteorological data were collected. Air quality observations revealed large spatiotemporal variation in PM2.5 concentrations in Handan, Zhengzhou, Xi’an, Yuncheng, Chengdu, Xiangyang, and Jinan. The daily mean PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 111.35 to 227.23 μg·m−³, with concentration being highest in Zhengzhou. Hourly mean PM2.5 concentration presented multiple U-shaped curves, with higher values at night and lower values during the day. The ratios of PM2.5 to PM10 were large in target cities and the results of multiscale geographic weighted regression model (MGWR) and Pearson correlation coefficients showed that PM2.5 had a significant positive or negative correlation with PM10, CO, NO2, and SO2. The concentration of PM2.5 was closely related to the combustion of fossil fuels and other organic compounds, indicating the large contribution of secondary aerosols to PM2.5 concentrations. The analysis of meteorological conditions showed that low temperature, low wind speed, and high relative humidity could aggravate the accumulation of regional pollutants in winter. Northwestern trajectory clusters were predominant contributions except in Jinan, and the highest PM2.5 concentrations in target cities were associated with short trajectory clusters in winter. The potential sources calculated by Weight Potential Source Contribution Function (WPSCF) and Weight Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (WCWT) models were similar and the highest values of the WPSCF (>0.5) and the WCWT (>100 μg·m−³) were mainly distributed in densely populated, industrial, arid, and semiarid regions.
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Kang, Qian, Yunmin Wang, Shuwen Zhang, Chengzhi Pu i Chuxuan Zhang. "Prediction of Stope Stability Using Variable Weight and Unascertained Measurement Technique". Geofluids 2021 (16.01.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8821168.
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A new model is established to analyze mining stope stability, using variable weight theory to calculate the index weight for each factor in different stopes and unascertained measure evaluation technique to predict the risk grade of stope stability. In this model, an evaluation index system by virtue of the 7 most important factors is established, including rock saturated uniaxial compressive strength, rock quality designation, rock joint and fissure, stope span, condition of pillar, groundwater seepage volume, and rate of supporting pit roof. And each index is divided into 5 grades by assignment value and the classification method of standardization. Accordingly, the analysis result is also classified into 5 risk grades. This model is used for the 6 main stopes from the -270 m section in Xin-Qiao Mine, China. The results, giving risk grade for each stope and guiding the use of corresponding measures, avoided the problem of state out of balance caused by conventional invariable weight theory models and have ensured no accident occurred in mining production in recent years. This model can be used in other mines widely, by assigning values for the 7 factors on basis of current in situ cases.
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Gao, Wei, Di Wang, Xinlu Yang, Tingting Pan, Xiaoqing Chai i Zhi Zhang. "Hong-Hui-Xiang Alleviates Pain Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model of Monoarthritis". Pain Research and Management 2020 (8.12.2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5626948.
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Background. Hong-Hui-Xiang (HHX) is a sterilized aqueous solution extracted from Illicium lanceolatum A.C. Smith widely used for pain relief in China. Despite its history, it is not well understood. In the present study, we used a mouse model of arthritic knee pain to investigate the antinociceptive effects of HHX and its potential side effects on weight and respiratory function, as well as on the liver, kidney, and heart. Methods. Mice were randomly assigned to four groups: saline and HHX at three doses (1 μl, 10 μl, and 50 μl). Each group was randomly divided to two subgroups: saline and CFA. After the first injection of HHX or saline on day 7, mechanical hyperalgesia was tested via the hind paw. Only after the tests had established that the analgesic effect had subsided was the next injection administered. A total of five injections were administered. Blood, knee joints, and other organs were collected for histopathological observation and biochemical detection. Objectives. We found that mechanical threshold of hind paw increased 2 h after of the initial injection HHX (10 μl and 50 μl), which lasted for at least 3 h. The analgesic effect lasted for three days after the second injection on day 8 and was approximately maintained for five days each time after the third injection. We also found a reduction in the diameter of the knee joint and suppression of synovial inflammation in response to treatment of HHX (10 μl and 50 μl). Meanwhile, HHX had no toxic effects on the liver, kidneys, and heart via histological and biochemical assays in all groups. Conclusion. HHX exerts antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of arthritic knee pain. There were no obvious side effects on the liver, kidneys, or heart.
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Xin, Dai, i Tianshan Ma. "Commuter Travel Behavior Modeling in Metropolitan Areas Based on Cumulative Prospect Theory: A Case Study of Xi’an, China". Complexity 2024 (30.01.2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8867264.
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A metropolitan area is a new form of urban development under the agglomeration effect and scale economy. The renewal and upgrading of urban spatial structures have brought new pressure to urban commuting. Under the new form of the metropolitan area, the process of regional integration has accelerated, and long-distance extreme commuting has increased. New changes have taken place in the travel structure. This paper constructs a travel behavior selection model for office workers based on the cumulative prospect theory, introduces the value of commuting travel time into the generalized travel cost function, uses the weight function and the improved generalized travel cost function as the basis of the transportation mode selection model, defines the reference point of the generalized travel cost in the model, and selects the prospect with the largest cumulative prospect value as the optimal decision for travelers. Based on the “expected utility maximization theory” and the “cumulative prospect theory,” the commuter is simulated under four different travel scenarios to study the optimal traffic mode selection behavior. The results show that under the framework of expected utility theory, the travel mode choice behavior of commuters is not affected by travel scenarios, and the cumulative prospect theory is more suitable for the study of travel mode choice behavior. The construction of a transportation mode selection model with the value of commuting travel time as the core variable can help commuters to choose a reasonable transportation mode and provide a basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate traffic management plans and implement traffic congestion mitigation policies.
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Yu, Kanhua. "Design of Building Evaluation System of Ecological Urban Agglomeration in Qinling Mountains of China". Open House International 41, nr 3 (1.09.2016): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2016-b0010.
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Constructing livable eco-civilized cities has become one of the important tasks of the reasonable planning of urban development. The construction of an ecological city aims to achieve the harmonious coexistence of society, resource, and environment. However, the current evaluation method system of an ecological building encounters problems from a defective evaluation index. Hence, a relatively perfect evaluation index system is built. First, the analytic network process (ANP) is combined with the existing standards online. Then, a rapid calculation of the index weight is performed using Super Decisions software. Based on the needs of complicated problems, the classical TOPSIS model algorithm is improved by introducing the weight coefficient; this improved TOPSIS algorithm is then taken as the core to build a whole set of comprehensive evaluation method system for ecological buildings. The ecological urban agglomeration in Qinling Mountains of Xi’an is used in this study as the example to perform verification in practice. Contrastive analysis is performed on the evaluation results of the new and old buildings using this method system; the results indicate that the ecological effect of the buildings in the new area is much better than that of buildings in the old area. These results are mostly consistent with the evaluation results given by the expert group. Thus, the comprehensive evaluation system proposed in this article is reliable, and effective, as well as practical to some extent. This method can be used in a wider range of building evaluation and further improved in future studies.
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Esangbedo, Moses Olabhele, i Sijun Bai. "Grey Regulatory Focus Theory Weighting Method for the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem in Evaluating University Reputation". Symmetry 11, nr 2 (14.02.2019): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11020230.
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Evaluating the reputation of higher institutions is important as a benchmark for the continuous development of universities. In multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), the estimation of the criteria weight is significant in improving the accuracy of the evaluation results. However, criteria weights assigned by decision makers (DMs) can be inaccurate when not measured from the orientations from which the DMs pursue their decision goals. This paper combines the grey system theory (GST) and regulatory focus theory (RFT) in estimating the weights of criteria by measuring the promotional and prevention focus orientations of the DMs and representing it as grey numbers. In this paper, we showed not all weight measurements from the DMs are symmetrical. In essence, to improve the accuracy of the MCDM weights, the grey regulatory focus theory (GRFT) weighting method is proposed to estimate the weights of an MCDM problem as well as aggregating the weights of the group DMs, thereby overcoming the limitation of a single orientation measurement. Furthermore, the GRFT weighting method is applied in ranking four universities in Xi’an city of China from a sample data from 1,200 students. The most reputable university is consistent with the other ranking indexes in the literature.
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Gong, Liang, Xiao Dong Zhang i Wei Wang. "The Impacts of Intercity Railway Project on Regional Development of Northwest China Using Scenario Analysis Method: An Example of Gansu Province". Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (październik 2012): 1894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1894.
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The planning and argumentation of two intercity railway (IR) projects (Lanzhou-Zhongchuan, Xi’an North Passenger Station-airport) in Northwest China have attracted more and more attention by Chinese Central Government, local governments in Northwest China and some research organizations recently. In order to explore and find out the right way of IR development in Northwest China, we must combine with characteristics and uniqueness of Northwest Provinces, research the question more comprehensively. This paper aims at estimating the strategic impacts of IR construction on regional economy, society and environment in the future systematically, especially on the development of economy. So we choose Lanzhou-Zhongchuan IR as an instance, research this problem based on previous project experiences on it and actual dates provided from No.1 Survey & Design Institute of the Ministry of Railway (MOR). By introducing Scenario analysis method, this paper systematically enumerates and concretely analyzes the opponent viewpoints combining with the decision-making tendency of saving cost, protecting environment, promoting social and economic harmony in transportation planning. And then we make certain what are the critical conflicts in value judgment, select and determine the right construction scheme of the IR from three interactive perspective scenarios. The key technical difficulties and breakthroughs of our research are expressed, such as determination of necessity factors’ weight, forecasting traffic demand of the IR, regional economic impact of the IR and so on. It is expected that scenario analysis method would be helpful for decision-making of IR constructions in the future. And we hope to report further on this in subsequent papers.
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Liu, Jianxiao, Meilian Wang i Linchuan Yang. "Assessing Landscape Ecological Risk Induced by Land-Use/Cover Change in a County in China: A GIS- and Landscape-Metric-Based Approach". Sustainability 12, nr 21 (30.10.2020): 9037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219037.
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Landscape ecological risk assessment (LERA) evaluates different types of potential environmental impacts and their cumulative effects, thereby providing policy insights for sustainable regional land-use and ecosystem management. In a departure from existing literature that heavily relies on low-resolution land-use data for LERA at provincial or municipal scales, this study applies high-resolution land-use data to a relatively small research area (county). In addition, this study modifies the evaluation units of LERA from equal-sized grids to watersheds and refines the ecological vulnerability weight on the basis of finer-resolution data. The main findings are summarized as follows: (1) In 2011–2013, nearly 866 ha of land use in Xiapu County changed; moreover, the construction land, which was mainly concentrated in Songgang Street and Xinan Town, increased the most (340 ha). (2) Landscape ecological risk (LER) was roughly maintained, and areas of high ecological risk were mainly concentrated along the coast. (3) The spatial distribution of LER maintained a relatively aggregated pattern, with no trend toward more aggregated or more dispersed change. This study further discusses the relationship between local LER and land-use change and how to balance global and local LER in planning practices.
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Chen, Gang, Dawei Hu, Steven Chien, Lei Guo i Mingzheng Liu. "Optimizing Wireless Charging Locations for Battery Electric Bus Transit with a Genetic Algorithm". Sustainability 12, nr 21 (29.10.2020): 8971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218971.
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Electrifying bus transit has been deemed as an effective way to reduce the emissions of transit vehicles. However, some concerns about on-board battery hinder its further development. Recently, dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) technologies have been developed, which enable buses to charge in-motion and overcome the drawback (short service range) with opportunity charging. This paper proposes a mathematic model which optimizes the locations for DWPT devices deployed at stops and size of battery capacity for battery electric buses (BEB) in a multi-route network, which considers the battery’s service life, depth of discharge and weight. A tangible solution algorithm based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to find the optimal solution. A case study based on the bus network from Xi’an China is conducted to investigate the relationship among optimized costs, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, battery service life, size of the battery capacity and the number of DWPT devices. The results demonstrated that a bus network powered by DWPT shows better performance in both costs (a 43.3% reduction) and emissions (a 14.4% reduction) compared to that with stationary charging at bus terminals.
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Li, Jing, i Philip Pearce. "Tourist scams in the city: challenges for domestic travellers in urban China". International Journal of Tourism Cities 2, nr 4 (7.11.2016): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-09-2016-0024.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify dominant scams against domestic tourists in popular tourism cities in China. There are two questions of concern: what types of scams do domestic tourists experience and are the patterns of scams different between the capital and regional cities? The social situation framework was employed to interpret the outcomes. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis facilitated by Leximancer software was applied to 102 Chinese travel blogs reporting experiences of being scammed in Beijing, Hangzhou, Xi’an, Sanya and Guilin. Clear themes and concepts emerged from the analysis of these travel reviews and differences in scamming patterns between Beijing and regional cities were identified. Findings The most frequently reported scams in the capital Beijing were linked to the chaotic environment at tourist attractions and the misbehaviours of tour agents. By way of contrast scams involving manipulating the weight and quality of products purchased were more common in regional cities. The differences between Beijing and other locations may lie in the greater monitoring of fraudulent practices in the capital. Additionally, the role of shills (confederates of the scammer) was highlighted in many of the scams studied. Originality/value Scams include a slightly less serious but still troublesome set of problems accompanying major crimes and assaults. Rare research specifically focussed on tourist scams despite substantive work discussing crimes against tourists as general. Implications of the present study lie in enriching the literature on scams against tourists. The analysis of scams as a special type of social situation proved to be insightful in directing attention to facets of the interaction thus providing connections to previous work and directions for further study. It is also promising to be developed to inform strategic approaches to creating a safer tourism environment in cities.
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Dai, Hongbin, Guangqiu Huang, Huibin Zeng i Rongchuan Yu. "Haze Risk Assessment Based on Improved PCA-MEE and ISPO-LightGBM Model". Systems 10, nr 6 (19.12.2022): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10060263.
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With the economic development in China, haze risks are frequent. It is important to study the urban haze risk assessment to manage the haze disaster. The haze risk assessment indexes of 11 cities in Fenwei Plain were selected from three aspects: the sensitivity of disaster-inducing environments, haze component hazards and the vulnerability of disaster-bearing bodies, combined with regional disaster system theory. The haze hazard risk levels of 11 cities in Fenwei Plain were evaluated using the matter-element extension (MEE) model, and the indicator weights were determined by improving the principal component analysis (PCA) method using the entropy weight method, and finally, five haze hazard risk assessment models were established by improving the particle swarm optimization (IPSO) light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) algorithm. It is used to assess the risk of affected populations, transportation damage risk, crop damage area risk, direct economic loss risk and comprehensive disaster risk before a disaster event occurs. The experimental comparison shows that the haze risk index of Xi’an city is the highest, and the full index can improve the evaluation accuracy by 4–16% compared with only the causative factor index, which indicates that the proposed PCA-MEE-ISPO-LightGBM model evaluation results are more realistic and reliable.
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Yu, Xingfeng, Zhengyan Shi, Dan Wang, Yaqi Niu, Cuixiang Xu, Yunmiao Ma, Hongmei Liu, Hua Guo, Minjie Li i Yulian Zhang. "Prevalence and associated factors of frailty among community dwelling older adults in Northwest China: a cross-sectional study". BMJ Open 12, nr 8 (sierpień 2022): e060089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060089.
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ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of the comprehensive frailty and its associated factors among community dwelling older adults.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingSix community healthcare centres in Xi’an City, Northwest China.ParticipantsA total of 2647 community dwelling older adults completed the study between March and August 2021.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the prevalence of frailty, measured with the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument. The secondary outcomes were potential factors associated with frailty, measured with a social-demographic and health-related information sheet, the Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.ResultsThe participants averaged 27.77±10.13 in the total score of the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument. According to the cut-off points defining the classification of frailty, the majority of the participants were with mild (n=1478, 55.8%) or high (n=390, 14.8%) frailty. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis demonstrated that older age, lower educational level, empty nesters, higher level of self-perceived medical burden, abnormal body weight, physical inactivity, medication taking, increased number of clinic visit, undernutrition and poor sleep quality are associated with higher total score in the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument, indicating higher level of frailty. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis exhibited similar findings but further captured female gender as a risk factor for the presence of mild and high frailty compared with no-low frailty.ConclusionThe prevalence of the comprehensive frailty and frailty in the physiological, psychological, social and environmental domains is high. A variety of social-demographic, health-related and behavioural factors were associated with the comprehensive frailty. Further investigations on frailty prevalence and its associated factors based on comprehensive assessments are desirable.
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Li, Xiaofei, Jingning Guo, Xuequan Wan, Zhen Yang, Lekhendra Tripathee, Feng Yu, Rui Zhang, Wen Yang i Qiyuan Wang. "PM2.5 and O3 in an Enclosed Basin, the Guanzhong Basin of Northern China: Insights into Distributions, Appointment Sources, and Transport Pathways". Sustainability 16, nr 7 (7.04.2024): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16073074.
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Aerosol samples (PM2.5) were collected in Xi’an (XN) from 11 August to 11 September 2021 and in Qinling (QL) from 14 July to 24 August 2021, respectively. In addition, ozone (O3) data were collected in order to investigate the characteristics and source areas of PM2.5 and O3 in the Guanzhong Basin (GB). The concentrations of PM2.5, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in XN (53.40 ± 17.42, 4.61 ± 2.41, and 0.78 ± 0.60 μg m−3, respectively) were higher than those in QL (27.57 ± 8.27, 4.23 ± 1.37, and 0.67 ± 0.53 μg m−3, respectively) in summer. Total water-soluble ions (TWSIIs) accounted for 19.40% and 39.37% of the PM2.5 concentrations in XN and QL, respectively. O3 concentrations in summer were 102.44 ± 35.08 μg m−3 and 47.95 ± 21.63 μg m−3 in XN and QL, respectively, and they showed a significant correlation with Ox. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model identified three main sources in XN and QL, including coal combustion source (COB), secondary aerosol (SA), and dust sources (DUSs). The potential source contribution function (PSCF) and a concentration weight trajectory (CWT) model with back-trajectory analysis showed that Inner Mongolia, the interior of Shaanxi, and nearby areas to the southwest were the sources and source areas of carbonaceous matter in XN and QL. The results of this study can contribute to the development of prevention and control policies and guidelines for PM2.5 and O3 in the GB. Furthermore, long-term and sustainable measuring and monitoring of PM2.5 and O3 are necessary, which is of great significance for studying climate change and the sustainable development of the environment.
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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Seung Hee Baek, Hyo-Seon Nam, Ji-Eun Kim, Dae-Jin Kang, Hyejee Na i Seonggeun Zee. "Cuban Sugar Cane Wax Alcohol Exhibited Enhanced Antioxidant, Anti-Glycation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein (rHDL) with Improved Structural and Functional Correlations: Comparison of Various Policosanols". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, nr 4 (6.02.2023): 3186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043186.
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Policosanols from various sources, such as sugar cane, rice bran, and insects, have been marketed to prevent dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension by increasing the blood high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. On the other hand, there has been no study on how each policosanol influences the quality of HDL particles and their functionality. Reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDLs) with apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and each policosanol were synthesized using the sodium cholate dialysis method to compare the policosanols in lipoprotein metabolism. Each rHDL was compared regarding the particle size and shape, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in zebrafish embryos. This study compared four policosanols including one policosanol from Cuba (Raydel® policosanol) and three policosanols from China (Xi’an Natural sugar cane, Xi’an Realin sugar cane, and Shaanxi rice bran). The synthesis of rHDLs with various policosanols (PCO) from Cuba or China using a molar ratio of 95:5:1:1 with palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC): free cholesterol (FC): apoA-I:PCO (wt:wt) showed that rHDL containing Cuban policosanol (rHDL-1) showed the largest particle size and the most distinct particle shape. The rHDL-1 showed a 23% larger particle diameter and increased apoA-I molecular weight with a 1.9 nm blue shift of the maximum wavelength fluorescence than rHDL alone (rHDL-0). Other rHDLs containing Chinese policosanols (rHDL-2, rHDL-3, and rHDL-4) showed similar particle sizes with an rHDL-0 and 1.1–1.3 nm blue shift of wavelength maximum fluorescence (WMF). Among all rHDLs, the rHDL-1 showed the strongest antioxidant ability to inhibit cupric ion-mediated LDL oxidation. The rHDL-1-treated LDL showed the most distinct band intensity and particle morphology compared with the other rHDLs. The rHDL-1 also exerted the highest anti-glycation activity to inhibit the fructose-mediated glycation of human HDL2 with the protection of apoA-I from proteolytic degradation. At the same time, other rHDLs showed a loss of anti-glycation activity with severe degradation. A microinjection of each rHDL alone showed that rHDL-1 had the highest survivability of approximately 85 ± 3%, with the fastest developmental speed and morphology. In contrast, rHDL-3 showed the lowest survivability, around 71 ± 5%, with the slowest developmental speed. A microinjection of carboxymethyllysine (CML), a pro-inflammatory advanced glycated end product, into zebrafish embryos resulted in severe embryo death of approximately 30 ± 3% and developmental defects with the slowest developmental speed. On the other hand, the phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-injected embryo showed 83 ± 3% survivability. A co-injection of CML and each rHDL into adult zebrafish showed that rHDL-1 (Cuban policosanol) induced the highest survivability, around 85 ± 3%, while rHDL-0 showed 67 ± 7% survivability. In addition, rHDL-2, rHDL-3, and rHDL-4 showed 67 ± 5%, 62 ± 37, and 71 ± 6% survivability, respectively, with a slower developmental speed and morphology. In conclusion, Cuban policosanol showed the strongest ability to form rHDLs with the most distinct morphology and the largest size. The rHDL-containing Cuban policosanol (rHDL-1) showed the strongest antioxidant ability against LDL oxidation, anti-glycation activity to protect apoA-I from degradation, and the highest anti-inflammatory activity to protect embryo death under the presence of CML.
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Wang, Bai-Yan, Wan-Hong Zhao, Jie Liu, Yin-Xia Chen, Xing-Mei Cao, Yun Yang, Yi-Lin Zhang i in. "Long-Term Follow-up of a Phase 1, First-in-Human Open-Label Study of LCAR-B38M, a Structurally Differentiated Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) Cell Therapy Targeting B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA), in Patients (pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-124953.
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Background: In RRMM, the median overall survival (OS) of pts with RRMM who progressed after exposure to ≥3 prior therapies is ~13 mo, indicating a high unmet need. LCAR-B38M is a structurally differentiated CAR-T cell therapy containing a 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain and 2 BCMA-targeting single-domain antibodies designed to confer avidity. Earlier results from LEGEND-2 (NCT03090659), a first-in-human phase 1 study using LCAR-B38M CAR-T cells in 74 pts with RRMM conducted in 4 hospitals in China (Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital; Ruijin Hospital; Changzheng Hospital; and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University), showed encouraging efficacy and manageable safety. Key eligibility criteria included RRMM with ≥3 prior lines of therapy. Here, we present long-term follow-up data on safety and efficacy from the Xi'an site. Methods: In the Xi'an site-specific protocol (n=57), lymphodepletion was performed using cyclophosphamide (Cy; 300 mg/m2)alone for 3 days. LCAR-B38M (median CAR+ T cells, 0.5×106 cells/kg; range, 0.07-2.1 × 106) was infused in 3 split infusions. The primary objective was to evaluate the safety of LCAR-B38M; the secondary objective was to evaluate anti-myeloma response of treatment. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using the NCI-CTCAE v4.03, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was assessed per Lee et al. 2014, and response was evaluated using IMWG criteria. Results: As of the 12/31/18 cutoff date (median follow-up, 19 mo; 95% confidence interval [CI], 17-22), enrollment at Xi'an is complete, and 57 pts have been infused with LCAR-B38M. AEs were reported by all pts: pyrexia (91%), CRS (90%), thrombocytopenia (49%), and leukopenia (47%). Grade ≥3 AEs were reported by 65% of pts: leukopenia (30%), thrombocytopenia (23%), and increased aspartate aminotransferase (21%). CRS was mostly grade 1 (47%) and 2 (35%); 4 pts (7%) had grade 3 events; no grade 4/5 CRS was observed. Neurotoxicity was observed in 1 pt (grade 1 aphasia, agitation, seizure-like activity). The median time to onset of CRS was 9 days (range, 1-19) with a median duration of 9 days (range, 3-57); all but 1 CRS events resolved. Peak levels of LCAR-B38M (≥1x104 copies/µg genomic DNA) were observed in a majority of pts with blood samples for analysis (n=32). LCAR-B38M was not detectable in peripheral blood in 71% of pts at 4 mo; 5 pts showed CAR-T cell persistence for up to 10 months. The overall response rate (partial response [PR] or better) was 88% (95% CI, 76-95), complete response (CR) was achieved by 42 pts (74%; 60-85), very good partial response (VGPR) by 2 pts (4%; 0.4-12), and PR by 6 pts (11%; 4-22). Of pts with CR, 39/42 were minimal residual disease negative (MRD-neg, 8-color flow cytometry). The median time to first response was 1.2 mo. There was no relationship between best response and baseline BCMA expression level or weight-adjusted CAR+ cells infused (Fig 1a,b). At cutoff, the median follow-up was 19 mo [17-22]. Median OS has not yet been reached. The OS rate at 18 mo was 68% (54─79) with a median duration of response (mDOR) of 22 mo (13-29). Of MRD-neg pts with CR, 91% (75-97) are still alive at data cut, with a 27 mo (16-NE) mDOR. Overall, 26 (46%) of 57 all-treated pts and 25 (64%) of 39 MRD-neg pts with CR remain progression-free. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for all-treated pts was 20 mo (10-28); median PFS for MRD-neg pts with CR was 28 mo (20-31). At 18 months, the PFS rate was 50% (36-63) for all pts and 71% (52-84) for MRD-neg pts with CR. Factors contributing to long-term response are shown in Fig 1c,d. Seventeen pts died during the study and the follow-up period: progressive disease (PD; n=11), disease relapse, PD + lung infection, suicide after PD, esophageal carcinoma, infection, and pulmonary embolism and acute coronary syndrome (n=1 each). Of these, 4 did not achieve PR or better; 1 was not evaluable. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that LCAR-B38M is a highly effective therapy for RRMM, regardless of baseline BCMA expression. LCAR-B38M displayed a manageable safety profile consistent with its known mechanism of action and, with a median follow-up of 19 months, demonstrated deep and durable responses in pts with RRMM. A phase 1b/2 clinical study is ongoing in the United States (CARTITUDE-1, NCT03548207, JNJ-68284528), and a phase 2 confirmatory study has initiated in China (CARTIFAN-1, NCT03758417). Figure 1 Disclosures Zhuang: Nanjing Legend Biotech: Employment. Fan:Legend Biotech: Employment, Equity Ownership.
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Qu, Liang, Shunnan Ge, Nan Li, Wei Wang, Kaijun Yang, Ping Wu, Xuelian Wang i Jie Shi. "Clinical evaluation of deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens/anterior limb of internal capsule for opioid relapse prevention: protocol of a multicentre, prospective and double-blinded study". BMJ Open 9, nr 2 (luty 2019): e023516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023516.
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IntroductionDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a new potential surgical treatment for opioid dependence. However, the implement of DBS treatment in addicted patients is currently controversial due to the significant associated risks. The aim of this study was mainly to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of bilateral DBS of nucleus accumbens and the anterior limb of the internal capsule (NAc/ALIC-DBS) in patients with refractory opioid dependence (ROD).Methods and analysis60 patients with ROD will be enrolled in this multicentre, prospective, double-blinded study, and will be followed up for 25 weeks (6 months) after surgery. Patients with ROD (semisynthetic opioids) who meet the criteria for NAc/ALIC-DBS surgery will be allocated to either the early stimulation group or the late stimulation group (control group) based on the randomised ID number. The primary outcome was defined as the abstinence rate at 25 weeks after DBS stimulation on, which will be confirmed by an opiate urine tests. The secondary outcomes include changes in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for craving for opioid drugs, body weight, as well as psychological evaluation measured using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence assessment, social disability screening schedule, the Activity of Daily Living Scale, the 36-item Short Form-Health Survey and safety profiles of both groups.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approval from the medical ethical committee of Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03424616; Pre-results.
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Zheng, Chao, Dandan Ma, Linfeng Zhao, Maolin Guo, Shude Cui, Fuguo Tian, Zhimin Fan i in. "Abstract P4-03-31: Lifestyle factors are associated with breast cancer risk in women biopsied for benign breast diseases in China: 10-year results of a multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study". Cancer Research 83, nr 5_Supplement (1.03.2023): P4–03–31—P4–03–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-03-31.
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Abstract Objective: Benign breast disease (BBD), especially benign proliferative breast disease (BPBD), is related to increased breast cancer risk. However, few studies have examined whether conventional breast cancer risk factors influence risk of breast cancer among women with BBD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of lifestyle factors with risk of breast cancer among women biopsied for BBD within a multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study in China, in order to provide scientific basis of health guidance for BBD patients and lay the foundation for primary prevention of breast cancer. Methods: A multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study was conducted. Patients with BPBD (n=608) and patients with non-proliferative breast disease (NPBD) (n=366) were collected from 23 hospitals in 11 provinces during April 2012 to April 2013. A face-to-face survey, baseline data and fasting blood was collected with all study subjects. Serum adiponectin levels were assayed using ELISA. After 10 years, the cumulative incidence rate of breast cancer in the two groups was counted through follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the association between specific factors and risk of breast cancer. Results: After 10 years’ follow-up, 388 BPBD and 240 NPBD cases were included in the final analysis (Table 1), of which 16 (4.12%) and 3 (1.25%) developed breast cancer, respectively. The cumulative incidence of breast cancer between the two groups was significant difference (P=0.041). Compared with women in the NPBD group, BPBD group were more likely to be central obesity (with higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) (OR 24.98, 95% CI 1.845-336.203, P=0.015) and less likely to have physical activity (OR 0.626, 95% CI 0.416-0.943, P=0.025) and less often to eat carrots (OR 0.616, 95% CI 0.398-0.953, P=0.030) (Table 2). Subgroup analyze indicated that, physical activity, eat carrots and ham sausage, body weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were statistical differences in premenopausal BPBD patients, while only physical activity (OR 0.423, 95% CI 0.269-0.665 P < 0.001) was the independent risk factors. Meanwhile, among the factors of Tea consumption, Glycemia, Body weight, BMI, Waist circumference, WHR and HMW/total adiponectin ratio in postmenopausal group, only HMW/total adiponectin ratio (OR 0.041, 95% CI 0.002-0.820 P=0.037) was statistically significant factor. These stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis results are shown in Table 3. Conclusion: In patients with BBD, physical activity may be the protect factor for breast cancer carcinogenesis in premenopausal women while lower HMW/total adiponectin ratio is a risk factor for postmenopausal women, which can provide direction for primary prevention of breast cancer. Table 1. Pathological types of all subjects. Table 2. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Table 3. Stratified multivariate Logistic regression analysis by menopause status. Citation Format: Chao Zheng, Dandan Ma, Linfeng Zhao, Maolin Guo, Shude Cui, Fuguo Tian, Zhimin Fan, Cuizhi Geng, Xuchen Cao, Zhenlin Yang, Xiang Wang, Hong Liang, Shu Wang, Hongchuan Jiang, Xuening Duan, Haibo Wang, Guolou Li, Qitang Wang, Jianguo Zhang, Feng Jin, Jinhai Tang, Liang Li, Shi-Guang Zhu, Wenshu Zuo, Fei Wang, Lixiang Yu, Fei Zhou, Yujuan Xiang, Mingming Guo, Yongjiu Wang, Wenzhong Zhou, Shuya Huang, Zhaohui Li, Yajie Zhou, Lijuan Hou, Xinyi Yang, Xuan Zhang, Liyuan Liu, Zhigang Yu. Lifestyle factors are associated with breast cancer risk in women biopsied for benign breast diseases in China: 10-year results of a multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-03-31.
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Zhang, Jingxiao, Haiyan Xie, Hui Li, Rose Timothy, Si Pu, Quanxue Deng i Weixing Jin. "Integrated Framework of Growth Management for Identification of Service Innovation Levels and Priorities". Sustainability 10, nr 9 (17.09.2018): 3319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093319.
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Growth management depends on an accurate understanding of an organizations’ current situation within the market in which it operates. Literature indicates that there is still inefficiency in quantitatively diagnosing the driving factors of service innovation and growth management. The purpose of this research is to identify the levels and priorities of sustainable growth management strategies with detailed measurements for industrial service innovation. The research focuses on the construction industry as the case context to scrutinize and compare various indexes and policy platforms for the evaluation of service innovation and the development of a diagnostic framework. The paper further identified the developmental obstacles of service innovation from 585 survey responses from construction enterprise representatives from Shanghai, Beijing and Xi’an in China, using average score method and entropy weight method. The data analysis identified the service innovation level and development priorities for the enterprises can assist in determining sustainable service innovation paths. The research then combined the competitive advantage characteristics method using a cluster analysis to develop a growth management framework of service innovation in the construction industry. The research results indicated that the majority of analyzed enterprises were in the second phase of their development, with clear policy opportunities for increasing levels of service innovation. However, the results also indicate the majority of sample enterprises were not encouraging the efforts of employees to strive for innovation and were lacking appropriate investment funding towards service-related innovation. These two weaker aspects offer a starting point for firm-level managers to consider when aiming to improving service innovation. The paper contributes by advancing the quantitative evaluation of growth management policies for service innovation. Furthermore, it provides possible measures for improving service innovation with particular emphasis on service innovation in project-based construction enterprises. Finally, it offers a practical diagnostic tool to improve industry level growth via increased service innovation.
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Zhou, Keqin, Xiaobing Liu, Xingyi Zhang, Yueyu Sui, S. J. Herbert i Yongmao Xia. "Corn root growth and nutrient accumulation improved by five years of repeated cattle manure addition to eroded Chinese Mollisols". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 92, nr 3 (marzec 2012): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss2010-026.
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Zhou, K., Liu, X., Zhang, X., Sui, Y., Herbert, S. J. and Xia, Y. 2012. Corn root growth and nutrient accumulation improved by five years of repeated cattle manure addition to eroded Chinese Mollisols. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 521–527. The use of fertilizers with additional cattle manure application on eroded soil has been reported to improve cereal yields. Limited research exists on the long-term effect of cattle manure on root growth and nutrient uptake by corn (Zea mays L.) grown on eroded soils. A field experiment was established in Hailun city, Northeast China to determine the impact of long-term cattle manure addition on corn production in eroded Mollisols. There were five levels of simulated-erosion, which removed 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 cm of topsoil. Two soil amendments were: (1) chemical fertilizer at the rate normally used by farmers in the region and (2) chemical fertilizer plus 15 000 kg ha−1 (dry weight basis) of cattle manure. Root growth (length, surface area and dry weight) was assessed at the three-leaf stage. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptake and accumulation by corn were evaluated at the three-leaf stage and at harvest. Compared with chemical fertilizer alone, 5 yr of repeated cattle manure addition significantly increased root surface area by 18–35%, and root dry weight by 45–129% in soil with simulated-erosion. The improvement of root growth by manure application was mainly correlated with the changes in larger size aggregate. N content increased by 12–59%, P by 31–129%, and K by 297–494% in corn at the three-leaf stage, and the same trend was found at harvest. Long-term cattle manure addition increased corn yield by 7% in soils with 5 cm topsoil removal, and gave similar yields in soils with 10 and 20 cm topsoil removal as non-eroded plots receiving chemical fertilizer only. Our results suggest that the increased corn yield in manure-amended soils was related to greater N, P and K accumulation due to larger root surface area and biomass. Addition of cattle manure with chemical fertilizer would be a practical and effective approach to restore soil productivity and improve corn yields in eroded Chinese Mollisols.
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Vodennikova, O. S., M. O. Koval i S. A. Vodennikov. "Creating of aviation part «Swirler» from Inconel 718 heat-resistant alloy by the technology of selective laser sintering". Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metalìv 102, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mom2022.02.012.
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In order to solve the problems of improving the reliability and efficiency of aircraft engines, the paper considers as an alternative to traditional methods of obtaining aviation parts using additive production. According to the three-dimensional digital model (CAD/CAM/CAE-systems), additive technologies allow creating complex structures with high mechanical and operational characteristics. They must be complied with the standard ASTM F2792.1549323-1. The process of additive production is characterized by a sequence of operations: construction of a digital 3D–model → the choice of additive technology and its implementation → obtaining the finished part. In the work it is proposed to consider the possibility of growing the aircraft part «Swirler» from heat-resistant nickel alloy Inconel 718 by selective laser sintering technology in a 3D–printer type EOS M400 under the conditions of JSC «Motor Sich». Spherical nickel-based powders from Sino-Euro Materials Technologies of Xi'an Co., Ltd. were used as starting powder materials. (Sino Euro, China) and LPW Technology, Ltd (LPW, UK). The dependence of the mechanical and heat-resistant properties of the Inconel 718 alloy on the direction of growth of the part (in particular, the horizontal direction XY and the vertical direction Z) was established experimentally. Metallographic studies of Inconel 718 alloy samples before and after the heat treatment process were performed. With the help of Unigraphics NX 7.5, the modeling of an aircraft part was performed, which begins with the construction of a sketch, design of a digital 3D–model of the part and its editing. It is shown that the cultivation of the aviation part «Swirler» by the technology of selective laser sintering is characterized by: a smaller number of technological operations for the manufacture of «complex» in the geometric configuration of the part; reducing up to 6 times the lack of finished parts; reduction of material costs for equipment and additional machining; reduction to 12–17 % of the weight of the part in comparison with its metal analogue obtained by machining. Keywords: additive technologies, selective laser sintering, Inconel 718, 3D–model, aviation part.
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Cheng, Wenjie, Lintian Li, Zhaoqing Long, Xiuxiu Ma, Fangyao Chen, Le Ma, Shunming Zhang i Jing Lin. "Association between Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Hyperemesis Gravidarum". Nutrients 15, nr 15 (25.07.2023): 3300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15153300.
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(1) Background: Although studies have suggested that dietary interventions may have potential benefits over conventional medical treatments, research on the association between dietary patterns and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) in pregnant women is scarce. (2) Methods: To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of HG, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Xi’an, China from April 2021 to September 2022. Dietary intake was assessed by a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and then factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. HG was defined as persistent and severe nausea and vomiting with weight loss ≥ 5%, pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis (PUQE) score ≥ 13, or hospitalization due to vomiting. Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for HG according to dietary pattern scores. Stratified analyses and tests for interaction were performed by potential confounders. (3) Results: Of the 3122 pregnant women enrolled, 2515 individuals (mean age: 31.2 ± 3.4 years) were included in the final analysis. In total, 226 (8.9%) pregnant women were identified as having HG. Five dietary patterns were identified. After adjusting for covariates, the highest quartile of the “fish, shrimp and meat” and “egg, milk and water drinking” patterns was associated with a 37% and 58% lower risk of HG compared with the lowest quartile, respectively (p-trend < 0.05). Conversely, the highest quartile of the “beverage” pattern was associated with a 64% higher risk of HG compared with the lowest quartile (p-trend = 0.02). Furthermore, significant interactions were observed between the “egg, milk and water drinking” pattern and parity, employment status and nutritional supplement use (p-interaction < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: A diet rich in eggs, milk, seafood and unprocessed poultry and animal meat may be a protective factor against HG, while a diet high in beverages may be detrimental to HG. These associations may vary by parity, employment status and nutritional supplement use.
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Chen, Nianhang, Dao-bin Zhou, Li Yu, Jay Mei, Liangang Liu, Xiaomin Wang, Honeylet Wortman-Vayn i Jian Hou. "Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Lenalidomide When Administered Alone or in Combination with Dexamethasone in Chinese Patients (Pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM): The MM-021 Trial". Blood 120, nr 21 (16.11.2012): 5046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.5046.5046.
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Abstract Abstract 5046 Introduction: Lenalidomide (LEN), in combination with dexamethasone (DEX), has been approved in many countries for treatment of MM in pts who have received ≥1 prior therapy. The PK of LEN has been previously evaluated in Caucasian and Japanese pts with MM. However, its ethnic sensitivity has not been investigated elsewhere. MM021 is the first study in China to evaluate the PK of LEN, when administered alone or in combination with DEX, in Chinese pts with RRMM. The PK results obtained from this study were compared with those historically observed in Japanese/Caucasian MM pts. Patients and Methods: MM021 is a phase 2, multicenter, open-label study to assess the efficacy and safety of LEN + DEX. A subset of Chinese MM pts aged ≤75 years who were eligible to receive DEX at the starting dose of 40 mg were included in the PK assessments of this study. In treatment cycle 1, these pts received oral LEN 25 mg/d on Days 1–21, and 40 mg oral DEX on Days 8, 15, and 22. Serial plasma sampling for PK analysis was performed 24 hours (hrs) after the LEN dose on Days 1, 7, and 8. LEN PK in the absence of DEX was evaluated after a single dose (Day 1) and after multiple doses (Day 7). The effect of DEX was evaluated by comparing the multiple doses of LEN in the absence (Day 7) and presence (Day 8) of DEX. To compare systemic LEN exposures among ethnic groups, the maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve from time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUC∞) observed in Japanese and Caucasian MM pts were normalized to the levels at 25 mg. Plasma concentration of LEN was determined by validated liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. Results: A total of 11 Chinese MM pts were enrolled for PK analysis. These pts were mostly male (72%), with a median age of 56 yrs (range 44–68) and median body weight of 66 kg (range 54–84). The median creatinine clearance (CrCL) estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula at baseline was 86 mL/min (range 42–154). When administered alone to Chinese MM pts, LEN was absorbed rapidly, with a median time of approximately 1 hr to reach Cmax. Consistent with a mean terminal half-life (t1/2) of approximately 3 hrs and a dosing interval of 24 hrs, LEN did not accumulate in plasma with multiple doses (Figure 1). There was no time-dependence in t1/2 and apparent total clearance (CL/F), supporting the linear PK. In 1 pt who had moderate renal impairment (CrCL = 42 mL/min), LEN AUC∞was increased by approximately two-fold, compared with the mean value for all pts. The mean LEN plasma concentration vs. time profile in the presence of DEX was almost identical to that in the absence of it (Figure 1). The 90% confidence interval for the ratio of geometric means between LEN alone and LEN + low-dose DEX was contained within the equivalence limits of 80% and 125% for both Cmax and AUC. Since the elimination of LEN is primarily renal, comparison of LEN PK parameters among ethnic groups was done only in pts with CrCL ≥60 mL/min (Table 1). Mean plasma AUC∞ in Chinese MM pts administered 25 mg LEN (2202 h·ng/mL) was comparable to that historically observed in Japanese and Caucasian MM pts (2305 and 2124 h·ng/mL, respectively), with a similar inter-patient variability of approximately 25–30%, even though Chinese pts had a lower median body weight compared with Caucasian pts. There was also no difference observed in other PK parameters between Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian MM pts (Table 1). Conclusion: Co-administration with DEX has no effect on the PK of LEN. There are no apparent ethnic differences in the PK of LEN among Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian MM pts. Only pts with CLcr >= 60 mL/min are included; median (range) are presented for age, body weight, CrCL and Tmax; geometric mean (CV%) data are presented for other parameters. Disclosures: Chen: Celgene Corporation: Employment. Mei:Celgene Corporation: Employment. Liu:Celgene Corporation: Employment. Wang:Celgene Corporation: Employment. Wortman-Vayn:Celgene Corporation: Employment. Hou:Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Xian: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Jensen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Fan, Yujiang, Huanfang Li, Mengge Zhang, Jinbao Xu i Yuxi Chen. "Research on green assessment method of AHP-EWM prefabricated building based on DEMATEL optimization". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability, 13.06.2024, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jensu.23.00021.
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In view of the problem that the current evaluation of prefabricated buildings in China focuses more on the “assembly rate”, this paper puts forward a green assessment method suitable for prefabricated buildings in China, which determines the evaluation index system according to four aspects: green design, intelligent construction, assembled building quality and comprehensive benefit. In addition, the DEMATEL method is used to optimize the index weight, and then the AHP-EWM (Analytic Hierarchy Process-Entropy weight method) method is used to determine the weight of the index system, and the evaluation index set is quantified and graded. Finally, taking Hutuo village public rental housing project in Xi’an city of Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper uses the evaluation method to conduct a green assessment, and gives suggestions for improvement in each stage of the project.
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Ma, Lu, Liwang Gao, Hong Xue, Jungwon Min, Huijun Wang i Youfa Wang. "A 3-year Longitudinal Study on Interaction Effects Between Self-perceived Weight Status and Lifestyle Behaviors on Obesity: The Children Obesity Study in China Mega-cities (P21-044-19)". Current Developments in Nutrition 3, Supplement_1 (1.06.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-044-19.
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Abstract Objectives This study examined Chinese children's self-perceived and measured weight status, the main and interaction effects of children's self-perceived weight status and lifestyle behaviors on changes in their body mass index (BMI) over 3 years. Methods Children's weight, height, self-perceived weight status, and lifestyle behaviors (food intake, sedentary behavior, off-campus physical activity) were measured for 3298 children aged 6–18 years in Beijing, Shanghai, Xian, Nanjing, and Chengdu across China in 2015, 2016 and 2017. This analysis included the 1691 children who had >= two repeated BMI measurements during 2015–2017. Results The self-perceived weight status of half (49.9% of boys’ and 51.3% of girls’) was consistent with that based on measured weight and height; 45.2% of boys and 29.8% of girls underestimated their weight status. Boys were more likely to self-perceive as having a normal weight even when being obese. In longitudinal analysis, self-perceived weight status was positively associated with BMI among children (β = 4.99, P < 0.01), however, neither the lifestyle behaviors were significantly associated with BMI. Significant interactions between self-perceived weight status and lifestyle behaviors were only found among girls, not in boys. Additive interaction between self-perceived weight status and off-campus physical activity was statistically significant in girls (attributable proportion (95%CI) = 0.404 (0.143,0.666)). Conclusions In China, it is common children underestimated their own weight status. This leads to subsequent increased BMI. Off-campus physical activity could moderate the association. Future interventions are needed to empower children to have accurate assessment of their weight status and to promote physical activity. Funding Sources The US National Institutes of Health (NIH U54HD070725).
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Gao, Liwang, Lu Ma, Hong Xue, Jungwon Min, Huijun Wang i Youfa Wang. "A 3-year Longitudinal Study of Effects of Maternal Perception of Children's Ideal Body Image on Child Weight Change: The Children Obesity Study in China Mega-cities (P21-061-19)". Current Developments in Nutrition 3, Supplement_1 (1.06.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-061-19.
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Abstract Objectives This study examined: 1) prevalence of overweight and obesity (ov/ob) in children and maternal perception of children's ideal body image in China, 2) associations between maternal perception of children's ideal body image and changes in children's body mass index (BMI) over 3 years. Methods The Children Obesity Study in China Mega-cities is a NIH-funded cohort study and includes Beijing, Shanghai, Xian, Nanjing and Chengdu across China. Data have been collected from school children, their parents and school in 2015 to 2017 (3298 children). Maternal perception of ideal body image of children, child lifestyle behaviors were assessed using questionnaires; child weight and height were measured in schools. The longitudinal analysis included 1691 children (had >= two BMI measurements) aged 6–18 years. Results More boys than girls were overweight or obese (40.6% vs 25.1%). Parents reported very different preferred body shape for boys vs girls (based on sex-specific 8-silhouette body shapes: we grouped 1–4 as thin, 4–5 as normal, 6–8 as overweight). Parents were about 3 times more likely to select ‘overweight’ ones as ideal for boys than for girls (4.3% vs 1.5%). In longitudinal analysis, compared with boys whose parents selected ‘normal weight’ as ideal at baseline, boys whose parents selected ‘overweight’ as ideal were 4 times more likely to develop obesity: OR(95%CI) = 4.06 (2.18,9.03), and they increased their BMI (kg/m2) β (95%CI) = 2.48(1.60–3.36). Girls whose parents selected ‘thin’ as ideal their BMI decreased during the follow-up than girls whose parents selected ‘normal weight’ as ideal: β (95%CI) = −0.46(−0.80, −0.11). Conclusions Chinese parents preferred heavier body shape for boys and thinness for girls. This has contributed to the much higher overweight/obesity rates in boys than girls in China. Parents’ ideal body image regarding their children affects their children's weight change. Funding Sources The US National Institutes of Health (NIH U54HD070725). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs
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Wang, Shanshan, Liren Yang, Li Shang, Wenfang Yang, Cuifang Qi, Liyan Huang, Guilan Xie, Ruiqi Wang i Mei Chun Chung. "Changing trends of birth weight with maternal age: a cross-sectional study in Xi’an city of Northwestern China". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 20, nr 1 (30.11.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03445-2.
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Abstract Background Most studies have shown that maternal age is associated with birth weight. However, the specific relationship between each additional year of maternal age and birth weight remains unclear. The study aimed to analyze the specific association between maternal age and birth weight. Methods Raw data for all live births from 2015 to 2018 were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Xi’an, China. A total of 490,143 mother-child pairs with full-term singleton live births and the maternal age ranging from 20 to 40 years old were included in our study. Birth weight, gestational age, neonatal birth date, maternal birth date, residence and ethnicity were collected. Generalized additive model and two-piece wise linear regression model were used to analyze the specific relationships between maternal age and birth weight, risk of low birth weight, and risk of macrosomia. Results The relationships between maternal age and birth weight, risk of low birth weight, and risk of macrosomia were nonlinear. Birth weight increased 16.204 g per year when maternal age was less than 24 years old (95%CI: 14.323, 18.086), and increased 12.051 g per year when maternal age ranged from 24 to 34 years old (95%CI: 11.609, 12.493), then decreased 0.824 g per year (95% CI: -3.112, 1.464). The risk of low birth weight decreased with the increase of maternal age until 36 years old (OR = 0.917, 95%CI: 0.903, 0.932 when maternal age was younger than 27 years old; OR = 0.965, 95%CI: 0.955, 0.976 when maternal age ranged from 27 to 36 years old), then increased when maternal age was older than 36 years old (OR = 1.133, 95%CI: 1.026, 1.250). The risk of macrosomia increased with the increase of maternal age (OR = 1.102, 95%CI: 1.075, 1.129 when maternal age was younger than 24 years old; OR = 1.065, 95%CI: 1.060, 1.071 when maternal age ranged from 24 to 33 years old; OR = 1.029, 95%CI: 1.012, 1.046 when maternal age was older than 33 years old). Conclusions For women of childbearing age (20–40 years old), the threshold of maternal age on low birth weight was 36 years old, and the risk of macrosomia increased with the increase of maternal age.
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Mohammed, Marwa, i Jianan Li. "Knowledge mapping and visualization of current sarcopenia and cancer research: a bibliometric analysis". Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 12, nr 1 (22.05.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43088-023-00386-5.
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Abstract Background Cancer survivors face broad challenges in weight loss due to multiple factors. Sarcopenia prevalence among cancer survivors has a wide range and is associated with worse outcomes. Sarcopenia and cancer attract global attention. The use of bibliometrics analysis in this area of interest still needs to be identified. This study was performed to assess the global trends and patterns of sarcopenia and cancer-related scientific publications. Methods Web of Science (WOS) and articles indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded. VOS viewer (Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands) and R-studio using bibliometrics and R package were used for quantitative analysis of the dataset (year of publications, number of publications, institutes, journals, total citations, H-index status, authors, hotspots of institutes, Keywords, research area, and funding sponsor. Results Our analysis extracted 384 publications from 172 journals written by 2525 authors from the Institute for Web of Science Core Collection database. Overall, 384 articles from the WOS database met the inclusion criteria. The number of published papers has risen since 2014. The results showed that Japan, China and the USA contributed the most to this field. Moreover, our results recognized future research trends and the current condition of sarcopenia and cancer research based on the top 10 most cited articles and the keyword analysis. Finally, the leading author's analysis demonstrated that Shen Xian from Wenzhou Medical University, China, Baracos and Vickie E from the University of Alberta, Switzerland, were the most productive, active, and influential authors. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a comprehensive and objective overview of the up-to-date status of sarcopenia and cancer research. These data would benefit scholars who need information on sarcopenia and cancer research. It would be a reference guide for researchers wanting to conduct additional studies related to the topic.
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Dong, Liyuan, Juan Shang, Rizwan Ali i Ramiz U. Rehman. "The Coupling Coordinated Relationship Between New-type Urbanization, Eco-Environment and its Driving Mechanism: A Case of Guanzhong, China". Frontiers in Environmental Science 9 (26.04.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.638891.
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As an important platform for participating in international competition and cooperation, supporting economic growth and promoting coordinated regional development, urban agglomeration plays an important role in China’s economic, social and urbanization development. At this time, the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration (GZPUA), as the second largest urban agglomeration in western China, has a moderate population density. The high demand and high input of resources for population growth make the regional ecological destruction and environmental pollution more prominent. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment in GZPUA. By using the panel data of the GZPUA of China between 2008 and 2017, this study constructed evaluation index system of new-type urbanization and ecological environment quality and calculated the weights of the indices within the evaluation system via the improved entropy weight method, finally determined the new-type urbanization and ecological environment quality of each city. Then the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling coordination relationship between two systems of GZPUA and their coupling stages and levels. In addition, the driving mechanism of their coordination degree was explored by using geographic detector method. The results show that: 1) The GZPUA new-type urbanization quality is characterized by both slow growth except Xi’an by a rapid increase. The ecological environment quality is characterized by both slow growth and fluctuations, except Qingyang by a decrease. There are spatial differences between the quality of new-type urbanization and the quality of ecological environment. 2) The 11 cities can be divided into high-high type (Xi’an), high-low type (Xianyang, Yuncheng, Linfen), low-low type (Pingliang, Weinan), and low-high type (Shangluo, Tianshui, Qingyang), different types should take different development paths. 3) The coordination degree between urbanization and ecological environment quality in GZPUA showed an upward trend, and formed a spatial distribution pattern with Xi’an as the core and decreasing to the outer circle cities, with regional differences. 4) The coordinated development of new-type urbanization and ecological environment is a process in which various driving factors act on different driving forces. These driving forces can be summarized as market driving force, endogenous driving force, outward driving force and administrative driving force. Based on the current situation of coordinated development of new-type urbanization and ecological environment in the GZPUA, it is recommended to promote the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment according to local conditions, strengthen the urbanization market mechanism, and optimize the industrial layout. Further, guide the flow of various factors across regions, strengthen technological innovation on the basis of breaking regional divisions, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, establish the concept of coordinated development, and give play to the government’s “visible hand” role.
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Mao, Zhuxin, Yuchao Wang, Qian Li, Weimin Li, Hong Wang, Yang Li i Ming Yue. "Deep mowing rather than fire restrains grassland Miscanthus growth via affecting soil nutrient loss and microbial community redistribution". Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (13.01.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1105718.
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Fire and mowing are crucial drivers of grass growth. However, their effects on soil properties, microbial communities, and plant productivity in dry-alkaline grasslands have not been well investigated. This study evaluated the effects of mowing (slightly and deeply) and fire on vegetation traits (Tiller number per cluster and plant height) and biomass (plant dry weight), and soil availability of N, P, and K, as well as soil microorganism abundance in a Miscanthus system. We designed one control and three experimental grass plots (slightly and deeply mowed, and burned) in 2020–2021 in the Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, China. Tiller number, plant height per cluster, and soil N, P, and K availability during Miscanthus growth decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all treatments compared to the control. However, this effect was much greater in the deep-mowing plot than in the other plots. After harvest, deep mowing induced the greatest effect on biomass among all treatments, as it induced a 5.2-fold decrease in dry biomass relative to the control. In addition, both fire and mowing slightly redistributed the community and diversity of the soil bacteria and fungi. This redistribution was significantly greater in the deep-mowing plot than in other plots. In particular, relative to the control, deep mowing increased the abundance of Firmicutes and especially Proteobacteria among soil bacterial communities, but significantly (p < 0.05) decreased Basidiomycota and increased Ascomycota abundance among soil fungal communities. We conclude that nutrient limitation (N, P, and K) is crucial for Miscanthus growth in both mowing and fire grasslands, whereas deep mowing can induce soil nutrient loss and microorganism redistribution, further restraining grass sustainability in dry-alkaline grasslands.
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Chen, Junxuan, Xiaohu Xie i Lu Xia. "The Model of Vehicle Characteristics Customer Value and Its Application". International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials, 25.06.2024, 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2024.100010.
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Article The Model of Vehicle Characteristics Customer Value and Its Application Junxuan Chen * , Xiaohu Xie, and Lu Xia Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd., Wuhan 442000, China * Correspondence: chenjx@dfcv.com.cn Received: 6 February 2024; Revised: 13 June 2024; Accepted: 14 June 2024; Published: 25 June 2024 Abstract: The customer value of vehicle characteristics is an evaluation method to evaluate the competitiveness of vehicle design from the benefits that vehicle characteristics bring to customers in actual operation. The key point of this evaluation method is to establish the calculation model of the characteristic value. Based on the customer’s actual operational analysis data, this paper establishes the value calculation model that transforms the characteristic value into the economic contribution of operating mileage; combined with the weight factor of customer-concerned characteristic, the comprehensive evaluation of customer value of vehicle characteristics is realized. Practical application demonstrates that the model can satisfy the value evaluation of the customer-concerned vehicle characteristic.
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Yang, Min, i Lei Mee Thien. "Fostering teachers’ readiness for leadership roles: the dynamic interplay among positive school culture, affective-identity motivation to lead and teacher optimism". International Journal of Educational Management, 2.07.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-04-2024-0202.
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PurposeThis study delves into the less-explored domain of teachers’ readiness for leadership roles by investigating the direct and indirect relationships between positive school culture and teachers' readiness for leadership roles through affective-identity motivation to lead, and teacher optimism.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed partial least squares structural equation modelling (WPLS-SEM) for data analysis. The data were gathered from 424 elementary school teachers who do not hold any leadership positions in Xi’an, China. A total of 391 samples were used after sampling weight adjustments.FindingsThere is a significant and positive direct relationship between positive school culture and teachers’ readiness for leadership roles. Affective-identity motivation to lead and teacher optimism emerged as significant mediators in this dynamic.Practical implicationsThis study complements and expands on the study of the relationship between positive school culture, affective-identity motivation to lead, teacher optimism and teachers' readiness for leadership role. This research has established a theoretical framework for school stakeholders to cultivate future teacher leaders.Originality/valueThese findings provide valuable theoretical insights into educational leadership literature and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing teachers in assuming leadership roles, particularly in the context of Asian societies.
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Wang, Shaomeng, i et al et al. "Discovery of Embelin as a Cell-Permeable, Small-Molecular Weight Inhibitor of XIAP Through Structure-Based Computational Screening of a Traditional Herbal Medicine Three-Dimensional Structure Database." ChemInform 35, nr 37 (14.09.2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200437212.
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