Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Weather states”
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Levin, Noah. "The Impact of Weather Forecasts on Day-Ahead Power Prices". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/210.
Pełny tekst źródłaDarnell, Karen M. "Analysis of weather forecast impacts on United States Air Force combat operations". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FDarnell.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis Advisor(s): Tom Murphree, David Smarsh. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-99). Also available online.
Sweeny, Shannon R. "Impact of ENSO on weather conditions at continental United States military bases /". access online version, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA319128.
Pełny tekst źródłaForsee, William Joel. "Implementation of a Hybrid Weather Generator and Creating Sets of Synthetic Weather Series Consistent with Seasonal Climate Forecasts in the Southeastern United States". Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/215.
Pełny tekst źródłaSpencer, Jeremy M. "The Geography of Hypothermia in the United States: An Analysis of Morbidity, Mortality, Thresholds, and Messaging". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1432655741.
Pełny tekst źródłaColeman, Jill Susan Multon. "Atmospheric circulation types associated with cause-specific daily mortality in the central United States". Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1123181126.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 264 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-264). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Bloomer, Bryan Jaye. "Air pollution response to changing weather and power plant emissions in the eastern United States". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8852.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis research directed by: Depts. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, and Chemistry and Biochemistry. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Cantu, Ruben A. "The role of weather in Class A Naval aviation mishaps FY 90-98". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA391038.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis advisor(s): Wash, Carlyle H.; Murphree, Tom. "March 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84). Also Available online.
Pawar, Sohum(Sohum Parag). "Resilient decarbonization for the United States : lessons for electric systems from a decade of extreme weather". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127175.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 159-171).
The past decade has seen an unprecedented surge of climate change-driven extreme weather events that have wrought over $800 billion in damage and taken more than 5,200 lives across the United States -- a trend that appears poised to intensify. At the same time, the need for a large-scale effort to decarbonize the U.S. electric power system has become clear, along with the growing climate risks and impacts that any such effort will face. This thesis argues that the principles of resilience can play a valuable role by enabling the decarbonization of the U.S. electric system, in the face of the escalating risks and impacts of climate-driven extreme weather. By emphasizing targeted hardening, proactive planning, graceful failure, and effective recoveries in the design, operation, and oversight of electric systems in the United States, we can both protect against growing climate risks and catalyze decarbonization efforts --
an integrated process we call resilient decarbonization. This work seeks to inform present and future resilient decarbonization efforts by examining the lessons of the past decade of extreme weather, and its impact on electric systems in the United States. To do so, we consider three cases: Hurricane Maria, which struck Puerto Rico in 2017, causing the world's second-largest blackout; the 2017-2019 Northern California wildfire seasons, which sent the nation's largest investor-owned-utility into bankruptcy and remain the most devastating on record; and Superstorm Sandy, which served as a wakeup call for the New York/New Jersey area when it made a sudden left turn towards the region in 2012. We find that resilient decarbonization, while a challenging process to set into motion, does in fact meet its dual mission of protecting electric systems against growing climate risks, while enabling their decarbonization.
We also examine the ways in which electric system institutions take climate risks into account, the strengths and weaknesses of resilience-based measures for electric systems, and overarching questions about the role of electricity and electric utilities in American society today.
by .Sohum Pawar
S.M. in Technology and Policy
S.M.inTechnologyandPolicy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society
Tully, Erin. "Climate and Crime: Examining the Relationship Between Extreme Weather Events and Crime Rates in the United States". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1924.
Pełny tekst źródłaColeman, Jill S. M. "Atmospheric circulation types associated with cause-specific daily mortality in the central United States". The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1123181126.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarrett, Kevin M. Greene Donald Miller. "The county bias of severe thunderstorm warnings and severe thunderstorm weather reports for the Central Texas region". Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5161.
Pełny tekst źródłaKarmosky, Christopher. "Synoptic climatology of snowfall in the northeastern United States an analysis of snowfall amounts from diverse synoptic weather types /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 166 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459905421&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlkolibi, Fahad. "Regional Temperature Trends & Variations in the Contiguous United States from 1935 to 1986". TopSCHOLAR®, 1991. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2115.
Pełny tekst źródłaBonet, Mathias Usman. "Techno-environmental assessment of marine gas turbines for the propulsion of merchant ships". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7386.
Pełny tekst źródłaKvalheim, Miles R. "Residental Electricity Demand: An Analysis of the Current and Future United States Electricity Grid and Its Impact on Power Consumption". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/352.
Pełny tekst źródłaMalin, Melissa L. "Teleconnection pattern impacts on intra-seasonal climate variability in United States winters". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 244 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1891555391&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaCordeira, Jason M., Nicholas D. Metz, Macy E. Howarth i Thomas J. Galarneau. "Multiscale Upstream and In Situ Precursors to the Elevated Mixed Layer and High-Impact Weather over the Midwest United States". AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625064.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuke, Christopher Clayborne. "A Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Winter Weather Events in the Southeast United States with Correlations to ENSO and Other Teleconnections". MSSTATE, 2004. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10132004-150641/.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrandau, Frank J. "Evaluation of the Naval Research Laboratory Limited Area Dynamical Weather Prediction Model: topographic and coastal influences along the west coast of the United States". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23663.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis paper describes the evaluation of the NRL Limited Area Dynamical Weather Prediction Model in simulating coastal atmospheric mesoscale phenomena along the west coast of the United States during the period 0000 UTC 02 May - 1200 UTC 03 May 1990. A graphical comparison technique was used. Model output was compared horizontally with large-scale analyses, station data, cross-section analyses, and vertical profiles at specific locations. The model successfully simulated the wind and temperature fields, but failed to accurately replicate moisture and height fields.
Lisko, Scott C. "Analysis and forecasts of 300 hPa divergence associated with severe convection using ETA-212 and MM5 model data". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FLisko.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaYi, Han. "Assimilation of satellite-derived precipitation into the regional atmospheric model system (RAMS) and its impacts on the weather and hydrology in the southwest United States". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280227.
Pełny tekst źródłaLuong, Thang M., Christopher L. Castro, Hsin-I. Chang, Timothy Lahmers, David K. Adams i Carlos A. Ochoa-Moya. "The More Extreme Nature of North American Monsoon Precipitation in the Southwestern United States as Revealed by a Historical Climatology of Simulated Severe Weather Events". AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626082.
Pełny tekst źródłaMehrotra, Rajeshwar Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Multisite rainfall stochastic downscaling for climate change impact assessment". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23327.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmith, Erik T. "The Characteristics of Cold Air Outbreaks in the eastern United States and the influence of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1499870942487366.
Pełny tekst źródłaHerron, Joshua P. "Mesospheric Temperature Climatology Above Utah State University". DigitalCommons@USU, 2004. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6877.
Pełny tekst źródłaIngole, Vijendra. "Too Hot! : an Epidemiological Investigation of Weather-Related Mortality in Rural India". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124811.
Pełny tekst źródłaSoares, Lucas Pereira. "Cearà state climate characterization based on agents of regional circulation producers of types of weather". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16988.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt was done in this study, a climatic characterization of the state of CearÃ, from the dynamics of atmospheric systems. Initially developed theoretical background on the evolution of climate studies from those achieved by traditional peoples, passing by the first climate formulations in Geography from Humboldt, Hann, Koppen, De Martonne, Strahler, Sorre and Pedelaborde, reaching Carlos Augusto Figueiredo Monteiro, responsible for this development tools applied to geographic foundations of understanding of climate. So the work is theoretical and methodological foundation Monteiro (1973), fundamental to the development of a climate characterization with emphasis on regional atmospheric circulation. Based on Monteiro (1973), the work follows a regional spatial scale, since the atmospheric dynamics can only be understood from this definition, and timescale delimited from the standard years. Further details was carried out in climatic element precipitation, identifying those weather systems responsible for the rainy and dry season. Thus develops a study of the genesis of rainfall for the state of CearÃ, based on regional dynamics. The procedures adopted were conducted based on the natural succession rhythm of the types of time, designed from standard years and the application of rhythmic analysis, responsible for providing subsidies to the preparation of the participation rates of atmospheric systems that spatialized were used as a basis the attempted synthesis of regional atmospheric circulation for the state of CearÃ.
Foi realizado no presente trabalho, uma caracterizaÃÃo climÃtica para o estado do CearÃ, a partir da dinÃmica dos sistemas atmosfÃricos. Inicialmente, desenvolveu-se fundamentaÃÃo teÃrica sobre a evoluÃÃo dos estudos climÃticos desde aqueles realizados pelos povos tradicionais, passando pelas primeiras formulaÃÃes climÃticas na Geografia a partir de Humboldt, Hann, KÃppen, De Martonne, Strahler, Sorre e PÃdelaborde, chegando a Carlos Augusto de Figueiredo Monteiro, este responsÃvel pelo desenvolvimento de ferramentas aplicadas aos fundamentos geogrÃficos de compreensÃo do Clima. Assim o trabalho tem como fundamento teÃrico-metodolÃgico Monteiro (1973), fundamental ao desenvolvimento de uma caracterizaÃÃo climÃtica com Ãnfase na circulaÃÃo atmosfÃrica regional. Com base em Monteiro (1973), o trabalho segue uma escala espacial regional, visto que a dinÃmica atmosfÃrica sà pode ser compreendida a partir de tal delimitaÃÃo, e escala temporal delimitada a partir dos anos padrÃo. Um detalhamento maior foi realizado no elemento climÃtico precipitaÃÃo, identificando aqueles sistemas atmosfÃricos responsÃveis pelo perÃodo chuvoso e seco. Assim, desenvolve-se um estudo sobre a gÃnese das chuvas para o estado do CearÃ, com base na dinÃmica regional. Os procedimentos adotados foram conduzidos com base no ritmo sucessÃo natural dos tipos de tempo, concebidos a partir dos anos padrÃo e da aplicaÃÃo da anÃlise rÃtmica, responsÃvel por fornecer os subsÃdios à elaboraÃÃo dos Ãndices de participaÃÃo de sistemas atmosfÃricos, que espacializados foram utilizados como base à tentativa de sÃntese da circulaÃÃo atmosfÃrica regional para o estado do CearÃ.
Likitkumchorn, Nutthavit. "Ice Prevention and Weather Monitoring on Cable-Stayed Bridges". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1404393052.
Pełny tekst źródłaWallnerström, Carl Johan. "On Incentives affecting Risk and Asset Management of Power Distribution". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37310.
Pełny tekst źródłaDistribution av elektricitet är att betrakta som ett naturligt monopol och är med stor sannolikhet det moderna samhällets viktigaste infrastruktur – och dess betydelse förutspås öka ytterligare i takt med implementering av teknik ämnad att minska mänsklighetens klimatpåverkan. I Sverige finns det fler än 150 elnätsbolag, vilka är av varierande storleksordning och med helt olika ägarstrukturer. Tidigare var handel med elektricitet integrerat i elnätsbolagens verksamhet, men 1996 avreglerades denna; infrastruktur för överföring separerades från produktion och handel. Införandet av kvalitetsreglering av elnätstariffer under början av 2000-talet och hårdare lagar om bland annat kundavbrottsersättning samt politiskt- och medialt tryck har givit incitament till kostnadseffektivitet med bibehållen god leveranskvalitet. En viktig aspekt är att eldistribution har, jämfört med andra infrastrukturer, flera speciella egenskaper som måste beaktas, vilket beskrives i avhandlingens första del tillsammans med introduktion av risk- och tillförlitlighetsteori samt ekonomisk teori. Två studier som kan ha bidragit till den förra regleringens fall och en studie vars resultat ändrat reglermyndighetens initiala idé avseende modell för att beräkna påverkbara kostnader i kommande förhandsreglering från 2012 är inkluderade. Av staten utsedd myndighet övervakar att kunder erbjudes elnätsanslutning och att tjänsten uppfyller kvalitetskrav samt att tariffnivåerna är skäliga och icke diskriminerande. Traditionellt har elnätsföretag mer eller mindre haft tillåtelse till intäkter motsvarande samtliga omkostnader och skälig vinst, så kallad självkostnadsprissättning. Under slutet av 1990-talet började ansvarig myndighet emellertid arbeta mot en reglering av intäktsram som även beaktar kostnadseffektivitet och kundkvalitet. Vid utformande av en sådan reglering måste svåra avvägningar göras. Exempelvis bör elnätsföretags objektiva förutsättningar, såsom terräng och kunder, tas i beaktning samtidigt som modellen bör vara lätthanterlig och konsekvent. Myndigheten ansåg ingen existerande reglermodell vara lämplig att anpassa till svenska förhållanden, så en ny modell utvecklades: Nätnyttomodellen (NNM). För 2003 års tariffer användes denna och beslut om krav på återbetalning till berörda elnätskunder togs, vilka överklagades. En utdragen juridisk process inleddes, där modellen kritiserades hårt av branschen på flera punkter. Två, i avhandlingen inkluderade studier, underbyggde kritisk argumentation mot NNM. Beslut i första instans (Länsrätt) hade inte tagits 2008 då parterna kom överens avseende år 2003-2007. Ett EU-direktiv tvingar Sverige att gå över till förhandsreglering, och i stället för att modifiera NNM och fortsätta strida juridiskt för den, togs beslut att ta fram en helt ny modell. Nätföretagens tillåtna intäktsram kommer förenklat grunda sig på elnätsföretagens kapitalkostnader och löpande kostnader. Därtill, utifrån hur effektivt och med vilken kvalitet nätföretagen bedrivit sin verksamhet, kan tillåten intäktsram justeras. En systematisk beskrivning av ett elnätsföretags nuvarande riskhantering och investeringsstrategier för olika spänningsnivåer tillhandahålles med syfte att stödja elnätsföretag i utvecklandet av riskhantering och att ge akademiskt referensmaterial baserat på branscherfarenhet. En klassificering av riskhantering uppdelat i olika kategorier och en sårbarhetsanalysmetod samt en ny tillförlitlighetsindexkategori (RT) föreslås i avhandlingen, delvis baserat på genomförd studie. Sårbarhetsanalysens övergripande idé är att identifiera och utvärdera möjliga systemtillstånd med hjälp av kvantitativa tillförlitlighetsanalyser. Målet är att detta skall vara ett verktyg för att nyttja tillgängliga resurser effektivare, t.ex. förebyggande underhåll och semesterplanering samt för att bedöma om förebyggande åtgärder baserat på väderprognoser vore lämpligt. RT är en flexibel kategori av mått på sannolikhet för kundavbrott ≥T timmar, vilket exempelvis är användbart för analys av kundavbrottsersättningslagars påverkan; sådana har exempelvis införts i Sverige och UK under 2000-talet. En statistisk valideringsmetod av tillförlitlighetsindex har tagits fram för att uppskatta statistisk osäkerhet som funktion av antal mätdata ett tillförlitlighetsindexvärde är baseras på. För att utvärdera introducerad sårbarhetsanalysmetod har en studie utförts baserat på timvisa väderdata och detaljerad avbrottsstatistik avseende åtta år för två olika eldistributionsnät i Sverige. Månader, veckodagar och timmar har jämförts vars resultat exempelvis kan användas för fördelning av resurser mer effektivt över tid. Sårbarhet med avseende på olika väderfenomen har utvärderats. Av de studerade väderfenomen är det blott ymnigt snöfall och hårda vindar, särskilt i kombination, som signifikant påverkar eldistributionssystems tillförlitlighet. Andra studier har visat på sårbarhet även för blixtnedslag (som ej fanns med som parameter i avhandlingen inkluderad studie). Temperatur (t.ex. inverkan av frost), regn och snödjup har således försumbar påverkan. Korrelationsstudier har utförts vilket bland annat visar på ett nästan linjärt samband i Sverige mellan temperatur och elförbrukning, vilket indirekt indikerar att även elförbrukning har försumbar påverkan på leveranskvalitet. Slutligen föreslås ett analysramverk som introducerad sårbarhetsanalys skulle vara en del av. Övergripande idé presenteras, vilket främst skall inspirera för fortsatt arbete; emellertid bör påpekas att introducerad sårbarhetsanalysmetod är en självständig och färdig metod oavsett om föreslagna idéer genomföres eller ej.
QC 20110815
Shaw, Victoria Leigh. ""A PBS mind in an MTV world" teaching teenagers meteorology by placing a weather forecast on MTV and the creation of the concert forecast /". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04032009-113347.
Pełny tekst źródłaMartin, Elandriel Jean. "The X-33 and the X-38 experimental aircraft: environmental connections with aerospace science". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2030.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrown, Nicholas Andrew. "An (R,S)-Inventory Policy for Winter Maintenance Materials for the State of Ohio". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1165962209.
Pełny tekst źródłaGreku, Evgjenia, i Zhuohan Xie. "The Relationship of Weather with Electricity Prices: A Case Study of Albania". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49050.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhang, Xu. "DEFORMATION AND SHEAR BEHAVIORS OF WEATHERED COMPACTED SHALE". UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/23.
Pełny tekst źródłaRuckstuhl, Yvonne [Verfasser], i Tijana [Akademischer Betreuer] Janjic. "Joint state and parameter estimation to address model error in convective scale numerical weather prediction systems / Yvonne Ruckstuhl ; Betreuer: Tijana Janjic". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191691586/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaYalim, Mehmet S. "An artificial compressibility analogy approach for compressible ideal MHD: application to space weather simulation". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210427.
Pełny tekst źródłaablacdotvec{B} = 0$). The simulations become unstable unless specific measures have been taken.
In this thesis, a solenoidal constraint satisfying technique that allows discrete satisfaction of the solenoidal constraint up to the machine accuracy is presented and validated with a variety of test cases. Due to its inspiration from Chorin's artificial compressibility method developed for incompressible CFD applications, the technique was named as \
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Boon, Dirk Francois. "The link between daily rainfall and satellite radar backscatter data from the ERS-2 scatterometer in the Free State Province, South Africa". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10272008-132211.
Pełny tekst źródłaBECKER, Carmem Terezinha. "Índices climáticos para o estado da Paraíba: determinação e evolução temporal com abordagem na análise espectral". Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2017. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1449.
Pełny tekst źródłaMade available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T18:56:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARMEM TEREZINHA BECKER – TESE (PPGMet) 2017.pdf: 9194940 bytes, checksum: cf8719dfce267520672b602612413ac2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-04
Capes
Ao apresentar extensa área inclusa na delimitação semiárida do Brasil, mais de 86% do seu território, a Paraíba é um dos estados brasileiros onde a aridez apresenta maior severidade. A disponibilidade de água impera como um processo decisivo no que diz respeito ao seu efetivo desenvolvimento ambiental, social e econômico, o qual é intimamente dependente das condições climáticas reinantes. Neste contexto, emerge a necessidade da quantificação de índices que tenham como propósito, a caracterização climática de um determinado local, para com isto, haver uma melhor adequação às classes de clima predominantes. Assim, o presente estudo tem por objetivo, tecer cenários passados da variabilidade espacial e temporal de índices climáticos. Para tanto, são calculados índices climáticos a partir de dados normais climatológicos e seriais anuais para um período de cinquenta anos a vinte postos pluviométricos criteriosamente selecionados e distribuídos ao longo do estado da Paraíba. Leva-se em consideração a metodologia proposta por Thornthwaite (1948) e pelo índice de aridez aplicado pelo United Nations Environment Programme - UNEP (1992). Toma-se como subsídio, a aplicação conceitual de métodos espectrais com a subsequente aplicação da análise de ondaletas aos índices climáticos seriais. Resulta-se, que mesmo metodologias distintas venham a produzir classificações climáticas diferentes para um mesmo local e período de tempo, o desenvolvimento das variabilidades interanual e interdecenal são extremamente semelhantes, recomendando os mesmos agentes como causadores destas variabilidades. Mesmo assim, o índice de aridez do UNEP mostra-se menos criterioso para classificações climáticas do que na utilização dos índices de Thornthwaite, evidenciando quadros de menor aridez. Pela metodologia das ondaletas, a variabilidade interdecenal é significativamente mais aparente do que a interanual, com a marcante predominância na escala de 11 anos, interagindo com escalas menores, de 5, 3,5 e 2,5 anos, os quais tendem a seguir os principais comportamentos da variabilidade térmica nas bacias dos oceanos Atlântico e Pacífico. Correlações simples indicam conexões mais significativas entre modos do Pacífico e as regiões do Sertão e Alto Sertão, decrescendo em direção ao Litoral. Por outro lado, anomalias das águas no oceano Atlântico apresentam influência quase homogênea em grande parte do Estado da Paraíba, com maior sinal na faixa leste adjacente. Observa-se ainda, que classificações climáticas de forma seriada, com o processamento dos percentuais de cada tipo de clima e distribuição temporal, representa um método mais realista de análise do clima, haja vista que a partir de normais climatológicas, descreve-se uma condição média do clima local ou regional.
Due to the large area included in the semiarid delimitation of Brazil, more than 86% of its territory, Paraíba is one of the Brazilian states where aridity is more severe. The availability of water is a decisive process in terms of its effective environmental, social and economic development, which is closely dependent on the prevailing climatic conditions. In this context, the need for the quantification of indexes that have as purpose, the climatic characterization of a given location, in order to better suit the prevailing climate classes, emerges. Thus, the present study aims to weave past scenarios of spatial and temporal variability of climatic indexes. Therefore, climatic indexes are calculated from normal climatological and serial annual data for a period of fifty years to twenty pluviometric stations carefully selected and distributed throughout the state of Paraíba. The methodology proposed by Thornthwaite (1948) and the aridity index applied by the United Nations Environment Program - UNEP (1992) are taken into account. As a subsidy, the conceptual application of spectral methods with the subsequent application of the wavelet analysis to the serial climatic indexes is used. It turns out that even if different methodologies produce different climatic classifications for the same place and period of time, the development of interannual and interdecadal variabilities are extremely similar, recommending the same agents as cause of these variabilities. Even so, the UNEP aridity index is less critical for climate classifications than for the use of the Thornthwaite indices, showing less aridity. The interdecadal variability is significantly more apparent than the interannual variability, with a marked predominance in the 11-year scale, interacting with smaller scales of 5, 3.5 and 2.5 years, which tend to follow the main behaviors of the thermal variability in the basins of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Simple correlations indicate more significant connections between Pacific modes and the regions of Sertão and Alto Sertão, decreasing toward the coast. On the other hand, water anomalies in the Atlantic Ocean show almost homogeneous influence in much of the state of Paraíba, with a greater signal in the adjacent eastern range. It is also observed that climatic classifications in a serial way, with the processing of the percentages of each type of climate and temporal distribution, represents a more realistic method of climate analysis, given that, based on climatological normals, it describes an average local condition or regional climate.
Bender, Fabiani Denise. "Verificação da previsão do tempo em São Paulo com o modelo operacional WRF". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14133/tde-19122012-120128/.
Pełny tekst źródłaForecasts of daily maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall performed by the operational numerical weather prediction WRF (Weather Research Forecasting) model in the São Paulo are evaluated. Initial and boundary conditions provided by the 00UTC Global Forecast System (GFS) Model and WRF run for 72 hours, with two nested grids (with horizontal grid spacing of 50 km, D1, and 16.6 km, D2). The study was made for April 2010 to March 2011 period. Daily maximum and minimum temperatures comparisons were made, between predicted and observed data of the surface weather stations of Registro, São Paulo, Paranapanema, Campinas, Presidente Prudente and Votuporanga (CIIAGRO Data), through the mean error (ME) and root mean square error(RMSE), for the 36, 60 and 72 hours forecasts. The daily accumulated rainfall is evaluated using MODE with respect to the MERGE product, for the 36 hours forecast, with threshold of 0.3 mm over the spatial domain covering the State of São Paulo and neighborhoods. First, an analysis was made comparing grid pairs of predicted and observed fields, through the traditional statistical verification indexes: accuracy (PA), critical success index (ICS), bias (VIES), probability of detection (PD) and false alarm ratio (RFA). Subsequently, we analyzed the precipitation field with respect to area ratio (AR), distance from the centroids (DC), ratio of the 50th percentile (RP50) and ratio of the 90th percentile (RP90). The WRF, with D2 nested grid, had better performance compared to the grid of lower space resolution (higher horizontal grid spacing, D1) for both, daily temperatures (maximum and minimum) and the accumulated rainfall forecasts. The temperature forecast presented a damped pattern, with underestimated maximum and overestimated minimum values. Rainfall was overall overestimated spatially and in intensity for the three models throughout the analized period. The forecasted 50th percentile is generally higher than that observed, however, the 90th percentile is closer to observations. The results also indicate that the bias of the models varies annually. The best performances for both rainfall and temperature were obtained for the summer season, with the D2 showing slightly better results. However, the models had the biggest errors during the winter and autumn seasons. These errors were due to underestimation of maximum temperatures and overestimation in area and intensity of precipitation.
Mirto, Clinton James. "A Sensor for Ice Monitoring on Bridge Superstructures". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1430411421.
Pełny tekst źródłaBalembois, Stéphanie. "Ecrire en vain ? Le questionnement éthique dans Le jeu de patience, "archi-roman" de Louis Guilloux". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432050.
Pełny tekst źródłaGeurts, Anna Paulina Helena. "Makeshift freedom seekers : Dutch travellers in Europe, 1815-1914". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2cfa072e-a9c4-42c9-a6b0-1e815d93b05c.
Pełny tekst źródłaJaunat, Jessy. "Caractérisation des écoulements souterrains en milieu fissuré par approche couplée hydrologie-géochimie-hydrodynamisme : application au massif de l'Ursuya (Pays Basque, France)". Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778427.
Pełny tekst źródłaBogenschutz, Peter A. Ruscher Paul. "Skill assessment and benefits on applying the new weather research and forecast model to national weather service forcast operations". 2004. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11122004-131729.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdvisor: Dr. Paul Ruscher, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Meteorology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.
"A Spatial Analysis of “Most Weather Warned” Counties by Severe Weather Phenomena in the Contiguous United States". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53568.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Geography 2019
Harper, Kristine C. "Boundaries of research : civilian leadership, military funding, and the international network surrounding the development of numerical weather prediction in the United States". Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30321.
Pełny tekst źródłaGraduation date: 2003
Gianotti, Daniel Joseph. "Potential predictability of precipitation over the continental United States". Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/19726.
Pełny tekst źródłaRothrock, Matthew Carter. "Coordinating the Uncoordinated Giant: Applying the Four Flows Model of Communicative Constitution of Organizations to the United States Weather Enterprise". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/21295.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe US weather enterprise includes academia, the private weather industry, and government-funded forecasting, research, and dissemination agencies. While not an organization in its own right, the enterprise behaves like an organization of organizations. This thesis applies the communicative constitution of organizations, and McPhee and Zaug’s four flows model in particular, to the US weather enterprise. Each organization in the weather enterprise behaves like individual members of an organization would, which extends this theory to a conceptualization of organization that increases innovation, collaboration, and coordination. The weather is a constitutive force which calls the US weather enterprise into being. Finally, CCO is extended to other collaborative, coordinated efforts among the public and private sectors, indicating the possibilities of CCO as an attractive answer to the great organizational questions of the 21st century and beyond. Future research areas are considered, including how the US weather enterprise manages the unexpected and reduces uncertainty organizationally. Also, considerations as to how CCO can be applied to the incident command structure, often called forward during high-impact weather events, will be made.
(5930858), Shawn W. Simmons. "Intercomparison of spatiotemporal variability in severe weather environmental proxies and tornado activity over the United States". Thesis, 2019.
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