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Regli, Philip Warner. "Residential demand for water in the Phoenix metropolitan area". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_160_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCollins-Webb, Jason. "Decision support for sustainable water supply management". Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250879.
Pełny tekst źródłaDu, Plessis J. A. "Integrated water demand management for local water governance". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5435.
Pełny tekst źródłaNyong, Anthony Okon. "Domestic water demand in rural semi-arid Nigeria /". *McMaster only, 1998.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCobba, Hussain M. A. Raji. "Pricing, investment, and demand management in the water supply industry". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35472.
Pełny tekst źródłaMartinez-Espineira, Roberto. "Residential water pricing for demand management in the UK : lessons from Spain". Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369321.
Pełny tekst źródłaManning, Jill Anna. "Water resources of west Cape Cod : an investigation of water supply and demand planning". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43357.
Pełny tekst źródłaHelmle, Samuel F. "Water conservation planning : developing a strategic plan for socially acceptable demand control programs /". View online, 2005. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/2/.
Pełny tekst źródłaHartley, Joseph Alan. "A neural network and rule based system application in water demand forecasting". Thesis, Brunel University, 1995. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7867.
Pełny tekst źródłaAntunes, André Filipe Martins. "Energetic analysis of water supply systems: demand forecasting using artificial intelligence techniques". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23359.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn current days, a large number of water utilities manage their operation on the instant water demand of the network, meaning the use of the equipment is conditioned by the immediate water necessity. The water reservoirs of the networks are filled using pumps that start working when the water level reaches a specified minimum, stopping when it reaches a maximum level. Shifting the focus to management based on future demand allows to use the equipment when energy is cheaper, taking advantage of the electricity tariff in action, thus bringing significant financial savings over time. Short-term water demand forecasting is a crucial step to support decision making regarding the equipment operation management. For this purpose, forecasting methodologies were implemented and analyses in Python. Several machine learning methods, such as neural networks, random forests, support vector machines and k-nearest neighbours, are evaluated using real data from two Portuguese water utilities. Moreover, the influence of factors such as weather, seasonality, amount of data used in training and forecast window are also tested. The results are validated and compared with those achieved by ARIMA using benchmarks.
Hoje em dia, grande parte das empresas fornecedoras de água gere a sua operação com base na procura instantânea da rede, o que significa que a utilização dos equipamentos é condicionada pela procura imediata de água. Os reservatórios das redes são abastecidos recorrendo a bombas que são acionadas quando a água atinge o limite mínimo e desativadas quando esta atinge o limite máximo. Basear esta gestão na procura futura permite utilizar o equipamento de bombagem quando a energia elétrica é mais barata, ao tirar vantagem da tarifa elétrica em vigor, resultando numa diminuição de custos para a empresa. A previsão de consumos a curto prazo é um passo fundamental no apoio à decisão referente à gestão da operação dos equipamentos. Para isso, uma série de metodologias de previsão são implementadas e analisadas em Python. Alguns métodos de machine learning, como redes neuronais, random forests, support vector machines e k-nearest neighbours, são avaliados usando dados reais de duas empresas fornecedoras de água portuguesas. Além disso, a influência de fatores como a meteorologia, sazonalidade, quantidade de dados usados no treino, e janela temporal das previsões também são testadas. Os resultados são validados e comparados com aqueles alcançados pelo ARIMA com recurso a benchmarks.
Masike, Sennye. "The impacts of climate change on cattle water demand and supply in Khurutshe, Botswana". The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2536.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnang, Zuraini. "Assessing the effective demand for improved water supply service in Malaysia : focusing on Johor Water Company". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1842.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchmid, Wolfgang. "A farm package for MODFLOW-2000 simulation of irrigation demand and conjunctively managed surface-water and ground-water supply /". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2004_287_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaKanyoka, Phillipa. "Water value and demand for multiple purposes in the rural areas of South Africa: the case of Ga-Sekororo". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02102009-142257/.
Pełny tekst źródłaJuana, James Sharka. "Efficiency and equity considerations in modeling inter-sectoral water demand in South Africa". Pretoria : [S.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06062008-140425/.
Pełny tekst źródłaOsei-Asare, Yaw. "Household Water Security and Water Demand in the Volta Basin of Ghana /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/491615132.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWallace, Troy Brandon. "A Procedure for the Preliminary Assessment of Water Supply Availability". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31564.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Al-Noaimi, Mubarak Aman. "Development of water resources in Bahrain : a combined approach of supply-demand analysis". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1951.
Pełny tekst źródłaPieschl, Jordan Marie. "Assessing supply, demand, and professional development needs of employees in water-related careers". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35441.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Communications and Agricultural Education
Shannon G. Washburn
STEM fields represent between 5% and 20% of all employed in the United States (United States Department of Labor – Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2015). Many employers of job positions in the STEM field have indicated an ongoing challenge of demand for such employees exceeding supply (Hira, 2010). Literature suggests a skills gap exists in some career fields and labor markets (Sentz, 2013). A topic that falls in many STEM fields in water resources. In Kansas, both supply and demand of water resources vary greatly across the state. A growing trend statewide, however, is a need to focus efforts on preserving the quality and quantity of Kansas’ water supply. Anecdotal evidence suggests the focus on water resources increases the demand for employees prepared for careers in related STEM fields (S. Metzger, personal communication, May 3, 2016). Drawing on both the Human Capital Theory and the Theory of Work Adjustment, descriptive survey research and qualitative interviews based in symbolic interactionism were used to gather data from employers of water-related job positions. The data indicated that a variety of employability and technical skills describe both employers’ ability requirements and employees’ ability sets. The results of the study suggest that, while employers have not recently experienced much challenge filling job vacancies, demand for employees could increase in the near future. Additionally, employers utilize a variety of professional development resources, and would utilize others if available. While levels of correspondence range among ability requirements and ability sets depending on the job position, efforts in education and recruitment could help address the supply of candidates for these positions.
Wattanakuljarus, Voravit. "Estimating Residential Water Demand: a Case of Multiple-Part Tariff for Denton, Texas". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500792/.
Pełny tekst źródłacom, emmayuen@hotmail, i Emma Yuen. "Water Consumption Patterns in Australian Aboriginal Communities". Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051119.134422.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchmid, Wolfgang, i Wolfgang Schmid. "A farm package for modflow-2000: Simulation of irrigation demand and conjunctively managed surface-water and ground-water supply". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626888.
Pełny tekst źródłaTanwar, Vikas. "Bridging water demand-supply gap : through rainwater harvesting in public green spaces in Delhi, India". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32269.
Pełny tekst źródłaApplied Science, Faculty of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of
Graduate
Andersson, Evelina. "Water demand and supply in Dar es Salaam : A WEAP-model to estimate future scenarios". Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-257209.
Pełny tekst źródłaDet här projektet undersöker hur en snabb urbanisering och Tanzanias vision att gå från låg- till mellaninkomstland kan komma att påverka efterfrågan på färskvattnet i Dar es Salaam fram till 2030. Från historisk flödesdata från stadens största vattengivare, Ruvu floden undersöks om det går att utläsa några ändringar i flödena sedan 1980 fram till 2010. Fortsättningsvis diskuteras även hur ett hållbart nyttjande går att åstadkomma. Information och historisk data samlades från litteratursök, intervjuer och med samarbete med studenter och vatten- och sanitetsföretaget i staden. För att undersöka framtiden för stadens vattentillgång och efterfråga användes simulationsprogrammet Water And Evaluation Planning (WEAP) som genom att processerna historisk data, kan simulera liknande variationer i framtiden. Programmet gör det också möjligt för användaren att undersöka parallella scenarios med ändrade flöden och efterfråga. Studien visar att efterfrågan på vatten kommer att öka i alla scenarios och omött efterfrågan i alla scenarios. Studien finner att för hållbart nyttjande av denna resurs kräves mer undersökningar eller alternativ för att säkra tillgången på färskvattnet. De historiska data samlade från floden visar en liten nedåtgående trend i flödesmängd och en uppåtgående trend på mängd vatten som kommer under årets största regnperiod.
Devi, Bhakti L. "A framework for development and evaluation of policies and programs for urban irrigation demand management". View thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/44535.
Pełny tekst źródłaA thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Engineering, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
Lacy, Wayne E. "Relationship Between the California Drought and Almond Demand". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4648.
Pełny tekst źródłaKandissounon, Gilles-Arnaud. "Sustainable Water Usage and Surface Runoff Management in Lagos, Nigeria". OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2299.
Pełny tekst źródłaHouse-Peters, Lily. "Examining the Effects of Climate Change and Urban Development on Water Demand: A Multi-Scale Analysis of Future Water Demand in Hillsboro, Oregon". PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2251.
Pełny tekst źródłaWillis, Rachelle M. "Domestic Water End Use Study: An Investigation of the Water Savings Attributed to Demand Management Strategies and Dual Reticulated Recycled Water Systems". Thesis, Griffith University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367759.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Furlong, Kathryn. "Municipal water supply governance in Ontario: neoliberalization, utility restructuring, and infrastructure management". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/230.
Pełny tekst źródłaParajuli, Ranjan. "USING CLIMATE MODELS TO PREDICT WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY: A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH". OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2365.
Pełny tekst źródłaWright, Tiaan. "Water demand of selected residential properties with access to groundwater in serviced areas of the Cape Peninsula". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79954.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the water demand of selected residential properties with access to groundwater in serviced areas of the Cape Peninsula. This winter rainfall region is typified by hot and dry summer months, corresponding to peak garden water demand. Water restrictions in the area are relatively common and primarily target outdoor use. Groundwater serves as an alternative source of water to some consumers in the area, but little is known about the extent of such use and the impact thereof on potable water demand. A major part of the area is underlain by a primary, unconfined aquifer that has been reported to have high exploitation potential. Its unconsolidated sand and shallow water table provides ideal conditions for small scale groundwater abstraction. Several owners of properties situated above the aquifer unit have capitalised on this and utilise groundwater as an alternative to potable water, mostly for garden irrigation purposes. The main objective of this research was to investigate the average extent of the expected reduction in average annual municipal water demand due to private groundwater use at the selected properties in the study area. The methodology involved abstracting data from the City of Cape Town’s registration process for the private use of non-potable water. The data was recorded between 2000 and 2006 and was available only in hard copy format. The registration data was used to identify residential properties with access to private groundwater sources, based on the physical addresses recorded on the registration forms. The rate of groundwater abstraction was not recorded during the registration process, nor was any of the properties spatially referenced. The data set contained information for 4 487 properties, of which 3 764 could ultimately be used in the analysis. Data from a recent hydro-census in Hermanus (which was done by others prior to this study) was used to test the intended research method first. This trial investigation involved only 114 properties and was used to streamline the proposed methodology for application on the full-scale analysis of the City of Cape Town data. Each address was captured electronically, verified manually and filtered to extract only those representing residential properties for which groundwater use was registered. In order to identify the properties spatially, the addresses had to be converted to coordinates through a procedure called geocoding, so as to plot each spatially and obtain the attributes such as stand size, position and the unique Surveyor General’s code. This was necessary in order to link the addresses to the municipal treasury system and obtain their latest available water consumption records using a commercial software package that incorporates consumer information. Next the actual annual water consumption figures were compared with recently published water demand guidelines based on stand size as single explanatory variable. The selected residential stands were divided into pre-defined stand size categories. The average water consumption of all the stands in each size category was calculated and compared with the suggested water demand as per the guidelines used, based on the centre value of the size range of each category. The results of the comparative analysis confirm findings from two earlier studies where lower municipal water use was reported for residential properties with access to groundwater in a summer rainfall region. The results further showed that the mean average annual potable water demand of consumers in the study area with access to groundwater was on average 31.4% lower than those considered without such access in the same region. This represents an average reduction of 333 l/stand/day (about 10 kl/stand/month) in the potable water demand of the selected residential stands. This study therefore confirms that serviced residential stands with access to private groundwater sources in the Cape Peninsula have lower average metered water consumption from the municipal supply system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op die water anvraag van geselekteerde residensiële erwe met toegang tot grondwater in gedienste woongebiede van die Kaapse Skiereiland. Die gebied is ‘n winterreënvalstreek, met warm, droë somermaande wat saamval met piek water aanvraag vir tuinbou. Waterbeperkings in die area is relatief algemeen, veral op die buitegebruik van water. Grondwater dien as alternatiewe bron vir sommige verbruikers, maar kennis oor die omvang van sulke gebruik, sowel as die impak wat dit het op die aanvraag na drinkbare water is beperk. Die grootste deel van die gebied ter sprake is geleë bo ‘n onbegrensde hoof waterdraer, met berigte hoë ontginningspotensiaal. Die ongekonsolideerde sand en hoë watertafel is ideal vir kleinskaalse grondwateronttrekking. Heelwat van die eienaars van grond wat bo hierdie akwafeer geleë is het die situasie uitgebuit en gebruik grondwater as alternatief vir drinkwater, veral vir tuinbesproeiïng. Die hoofdoel van hierdie navorsing was om die gemiddelde omvang van die verwagte vermindering in gemiddelde jaarlikse munisipale wateraanvraag weens die privaat gebruik van grondwater by die geselekteerde erwe in die studiegebied te ondersoek. Die metodiek het die onttrekking van data uit die Stad Kaapstad se registrasieproses vir die privaat gebruik van nie-drinkbare water behels. Hierdie data, wat tussen 2000 en 2006 vasgelê is, was slegs in harde kopie formaat beskikbaar. Die registrasie data is gebruik om woonerwe te identifiseer met toegang tot privaat grondwater bronne, volgens die fisiese adres verskaf op die registrasie vorms. Die tempo van grondwater onttrekking was nie opgeneem gedurende die registrasie proses nie, so ook nie ruimtelike aanwysings na die ligging van die eiendomme nie. Die datastel het inligting bevat oor 4 487 eiendomme, waarvan 3 764 uiteindelik bruikbaar was in die analise. Data van ‘n onlangse hidro-sensus in Hermanus (wat deur ander gedoen is voor die aanvang van hierdie studie) is gebruik om die beoogde navorsingsmetodiek eers te toets. Die toetsondersoek het slegs 114 eiendomme behels, en is gebruik om die voorgestelde metodologie meer vaartbelyn te maak voor toepassing op die volskaalse analise van die Stad Kaapstad data. Elke adres is elektronies vasgevang, met die hand geverifiëer, en dan gefilter om slegs die residensiele eiendomme waarvoor grondwater gebruik geregistreer is, te behou. Om die ruimtelike verwysing van die eiendomme verder te kon indentifiseer, moes die adresse omskep word in koördinate om sodoende die erwe te kon posisioneer en die erfgrootte, posisie en die unieke Landmeter Generaal kode van elke erf te verkry. Dit was nodig sodat die adresse aan die munisipale stelsel gekoppel kon word om sodoende die jongste beskikbare waterverbruik rekords te verkry deur gebruik te maak van ‘n kommersiële sagteware pakket wat verbruikers-inligting inkorporeer. Hierna is die werklike jaarlikse waterverbruik syfers vergelyk met onlangs gepubliseerde wateraanvraag riglyne, gebaseer op erfgrootte as enkel verklarende veranderlike. Die geselekteerde woonerwe is toe in voorafgekose kategorië verdeel volgens erfgrootte. Die gemiddelde waterverbruik van al die erwe binne elke grootte-kategorie is bereken en vergelyk met die voorgestelde wateraanvraag volgens die riglyne, gebaseer op die middelpuntwaarde van die grootte strekking van elke kategorie. Die resultate van die vergelykende analise staaf die bevindinge van twee vroeër studies wat laer munisipale watervebruik rapporteer vir residensiële eiendomme met toegang tot grondwater in ‘n somerreënvalgebied. Die resultate wys ook dat die gemiddelde jaarlikse drinkbare water aanvraag van verbruikers in die studiegebied wie toegang het tot grondwater, gemiddeld 31.4% laer is as dit van verbruikers wie beskou word sonder sulke toegang in dieselfde streek. Dit verteenwoordig ‘n gemiddelde vermindering van 333 l/erf/dag (rondom 10 kl/erf/maand) in die aanvraag na drinkbare water van die geselekteerde woonerwe. Hierdie studie bevestig dus dat gedienste residensiële erwe met toegang tot privaat grondwater bronne in die Kaapse Skiereiland laer gemiddelde gemeette waterverbruik vanuit die munisipale toevoerstelsel het.
Coelho, Bernardete. "Energy efficiency of water supply systems using optimisation techniques and micro-hydroturbines". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21255.
Pełny tekst źródłaA eficiência energética representa um papel significativo no esforço para a sustentabilidade por parte das empresas das águas, uma vez que, mundialmente, 35% dos custos totais com a produção de água (12 mil milhões de euros) estão a ser gastos em energia. Os principais obstáculos à melhoria da eficiência energética dos sistemas de abastecimento de água estão essencialmente relacionados com a complexidade dos sistemas e também com os baixos níveis de resiliência a nível operacional. O principal objectivo desta tese é o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia computacional automática capaz de: (i) aplicar diferentes técnicas para operação optimizada de qualquer rede de água, (ii) procurar por possíveis localizações para recuperação de energia utilizando turbinas e, posteriormente, seleccionar o tipo de turbina mais adequado. Quatro tópicos fundamentais que representam um papel crucial na melhoria da eficiência energética das redes são abordados: (i) modelação e simulação das redes, (ii) optimização operacional, (iii) previsão de consumos de água e (iv) aproveitamento de energia utilizando hidroturbinas. Uma abordagem de optimização para lidar simultaneamente com válvulas, bombas de velocidade fixa e bombas de velocidade variável é proposta. Os períodos de operação de todas as válvulas e bombas, assim como as velocidades das bombas de velocidade variável são utilizados como variáveis de decisão num problema de optimização de forma a minimizar os custos energéticos associados à operação de uma rede. O simulador hidráulico EPANET 2.0 é utilizado para verificar e garantir que as soluções obtidas são viáveis. Redes benchmark são testadas com diferentes técnicas de optimização, incluindo vários algoritmos, tais como Nelder-Mead Simplex, Algoritmos Genéticos (GA), optimização por bando de partículas e evolução diferencial. Propõe-se uma nova formulação para prever a variação de curvas de eficiência das bombas com a velocidade e esta é comparada com os poucos métodos existentes para o efeito, incluindo o utilizado pelo EPANET. Um processo automático para a análise de qualquer rede hidráulica de forma a identificar locais e seleccionar turbinas para aproveitamento de energia é implementado e validado com um caso de estudo. Finalmente, modelos para previsão de consumos de água a curto prazo são desenvolvidos e testados com dados recolhidos de uma rede de água Portuguesa. Modelos de previsão tradicionais baseados em modelos de alisamento exponencial e modelos naïve são desenvolvidos utilizando folhas de cálculo, enquanto que os modelos baseados em redes neuronais artificiais são desenvolvidos no Matlab. Analisa-se ainda o efeito de diferentes variáveis de entrada (incluindo variáveis antrópicas e meteorológicas) nestes últimos modelos.
Energy efficiency plays a large role in the sustainability effort of water utilities since, globally, 35% of the total expenses with water production (12 billion euros) are being spent on energy. The main obstacle for the efficiency improvement in water supply systems is mostly related to the complexity of the systems and also to the low levels of resilience in their operations. The main goal of this thesis is the development of an automatic computational methodology capable of (i) applying distinct techniques for the optimal operation of any water network and (ii) searching for possible locations for energy recovery using turbines and then selecting the most adequate type of turbine. Four major topics that play crucial roles in the networks efficiency improvement are addressed: (i) modelling and simulation of the networks, (ii) operational optimisation, (iii) water demand forecasting and (iv) energy recovery using hydroturbines. An optimisation approach dealing simultaneously with valves, fixed-speed pumps and variable-speed pumps is proposed. The operating periods of all valves and pumps and also the speed settings of variable-speed pumps are used as decision variables in an optimisation problem in order to minimise the energy costs associated to a network operation. The hydraulic simulator EPANET 2.0 is used to verify and ensure the feasibility of the obtained solutions. Benchmark networks are tested with distinct optimisation techniques including several algorithms, such as Nelder-Mead Simplex, Genetic Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE). A novel formula for predicting the pumps efficiency changes with speed is proposed and compared with the few existing methods, including the one used by EPANET. An automatic process for the analysis of any water network in order to locate sites and select turbines for energy recovery is implemented and validated with a case-study. Finally, models for predicting short-term water demands are developed and tested with data collected from a Portuguese water network. Traditional forecasting models based on exponential smoothing and naïve models are developed using a spreadsheet while artificial neural network-based models are developed in Matlab. The effect of distinct input variables (including anthropic and meteorological variables) in the ANN-based models is analysed.
Mutailifu, Kalibeinuer. "Water and Wastewater Management in the Mega City Istanbul : A General Analysis from a Supply-Demand-Reuse Perspective". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162848.
Pełny tekst źródłaMbua, Roy Lyonga Verfasser], i Hans-Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Voigt. "Water supply in Buea, Cameroon : analysis and the possibility of rainwater harvesting to stabilize the water demand / Roy Lyonga Mbua. Betreuer: Hans-Jürgen Voigt". Cottbus : Universitätsbibliothek der BTU Cottbus, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045925209/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaPearce, Darian. "Determining the socio-economic value of groundwater: Franschhoek case study". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3241.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Western Cape, a province of South Africa is facing increased pressure to develop new supplies of fresh water to cater for the regions rapidly growing demand. Groundwater is being explored as a possible contributor to the freshwater supply. Development of the resource has been slow despite the existence of significant potential groundwater resources in the form of several shallow primary aquifer systems and an extensive secondary aquifer formation known as the Table Mountain Group (TMG) Aquifer. This slow development may be attributed primarily to a lack of awareness amongst key stakeholders and general ignorance in the water market with regards to the potential of this resource.
Zhuang, Yilin. "A System Dynamics Approach to Integrated Water and Energy Resources Management". Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5164.
Pełny tekst źródłaHarma, Kirsten Joy. "Changing with the flow : an analysis of water supply and demand in a subwatershed of the Okanagan Basin, British Columbia". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27780.
Pełny tekst źródłaKriegler, Benjamin Jacobus. "Probabilistic analysis of monthly peak factors in a regional water distribution system". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85738.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: The design of a water supply system relies on the knowledge of the water demands of its specific end-users. It is also important to understand the end-users’ temporal variation in water demand. Failure of the system to provide the required volume of water at the required flow-rate is deemed a system failure. The system therefore needs to be designed with sufficient capacity to ensure that it is able to supply the required volume of water during the highest demand periods. In practice, bulk water supply systems do not have to cater for the high frequency, short duration high peak demand scenarios of the end-user, such as the peak hour or peak day events, as the impact of events is reduced by the provision of water storage capacity at the off-take from the bulk supply system. However, for peak demand scenarios with durations longer than an hour or a day, depending on the situation, the provision of sufficient storage capacity to reduce the impact on the bulk water system, becomes impractical and could lead to potential water quality issues during low demand periods. It is, therefore, a requirement that bulk water systems be designed to be able to meet the peak weekly or peak month end-user demands. These peak demand scenarios usually occur only during a certain portion of the year, generally concentrated in a two to three month period during the drier months. Existing design guidelines usually follow a deterministic design approach, whereby a suitable DPF is applied to the average annual daily system demand in order to determine the expected peak demand on the system. This DPF does not account for the potential variability in end-user demand profiles, or the impact that end-storage has on the required peak design factor of the bulk system. This study investigated the temporal variations of end-user demand on two bulk water supply systems. These systems are located in the winter rainfall region of the Western Cape province of South Africa. The data analysed was the monthly measured consumption figures of different end-users supplied from the two systems. The data-sets extended over 14 years of data. Actual monthly peak factors were extracted from this data and used in deterministic and probabilistic methods to determine the expected monthly peak factor for both the end-user and the system design. The probabilistic method made use of a Monte Carlo analysis, whereby the actual recorded monthly peak factor for each end-user per bulk system was used as an input into discrete probability functions. The Monte Carlo analysis executed 1 500 000 iterations in order to produce probability distributions of the monthly peak factors for each system. The deterministic and probabilistic results were compared to the actual monthly peak factors as calculated from the existing water use data, as well as against current DPFs as published in guidelines used in the industry. The study demonstrated that the deterministic method would overstate the expected peak system demand and result in an oversized system. The probabilistic method yielded good results and compared well with the actual monthly peak factors. It is thus deemed an appropriate tool to use to determine the required DPF of a bulk water system for a chosen reliability of supply. The study also indicated the DPFs proposed by current guidelines to be too low. The study identified a potential relationship between the average demand of an end-user and the expected maximum monthly peak factor, whereas in current guidelines peak factors are not indicated as being influenced by the end-user average demand.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwerp van ‘n watervoorsiening stelsel berus op die kennis van die water aanvraag van sy spesifieke eindverbruikers. Dit is ook belangrik om ‘n begrip te hê van die tydelike variasie van die eindverbruiker se water-aanvraag. Indien die voorsieningstelsel nie in staat is om die benodigde volume water teen die verlangde vloeitempo te kan lewer nie, word dit beskou as ‘n faling. Die stelsel word dus ontwerp met voldoende kapasiteit wat dit sal in staat stel om die benodigde volume gedurende die hoogste aanvraag periodes te kan voorsien. In die praktyk hoef grootmaat water-voorsiening stelsels nie te voldoen aan spits watergebeurtenisse met hoë frekwensie en kort duurtes, soos piek-dag of piek-uur aanvraag nie, aangesien hierdie gebeurtenisse se impak op die grootmaat stelsel verminder word deur die voorsiening van wateropgaring fasiliteite by die aftap-punte vanaf die grootmaatstelsels. Nieteenstaande, vir piek-aanvraag gebeurtenisse met langer duurtes as ‘n uur of dag, raak die voorsiening van voldoende wateropgaring kapasiteit by die aftap-punt onprakties en kan dit selfs lei tot waterkwaliteits probleme. Dit is dus ‘n vereiste dat grootmaat watervoorsienings stelsels ontwerp moet word om die piek-week of piek-maand eindverbruiker aanvrae te kan voorsien. Hierdie piek-aanvraag gebeurtenisse vind algemeen in gekonsentreerde twee- of drie maand periodes tydens die droeër maande plaas. Bestaande ontwerpsriglyne volg gewoonlik ‘n deterministiese ontwerp benadering, deurdat ‘n voldoende ontwerp spits faktor toegepas word op die gemiddelde jaarlikse daaglikse stelsel aanvraag om sodoende te bepaal wat die verwagte spits aanvraag van die stelsel sal wees. Hierdie ontwerp spits faktor maak nie voorsiening vir die potensiële variasie in die eindverbruiker se aanvraag karakter of die impak van die beskikbare water-opgaring fasiliteit op die benodigde ontwerp spits faktor van die grootmaat-stelsel nie. Hierdie studie ondersoek die tydelike variasie van die eindverbruiker se aanvraag op twee grootmaat watervoorsiening stelsels. Die twee stelsels is geleë in die winter reënval streek van die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid-Afrika. Die data wat geanaliseer is was die maandelikse gemeterde verbruiksyfers van verskillende eindverbruikers voorsien deur die twee stelsels. Die datastelle het oor 14 jaar gestrek. Die ware maand piekfaktore is bereken vanaf die data en is in deterministiese en probabilistiese metodes gebruik om die verwagte eindverbruiker en stelsel ontwerp se maand spits-faktore te bereken. Die probabilistiese metode het gebruik gemaak van ‘n Monte Carlo analise metode, waardeur die ware gemeette maand spits-faktor vir elke eindverbruiker vir elke grootmaatstelsel gebruik is as invoer tot diskrete waarskynlikheids funksies. Die Monte Carlo analise het 1 500 000 iterasies voltooi om waarskynlikheids-verdelings van elke maand spitsfaktor vir elke stelsel te bereken. Die deterministiese en probabilistiese resultate is vergelyk met die ware maand spits faktore soos bereken vanuit die bestaande waterverbruik data, asook teen huidige gepubliseerde ontwerp spits-faktore, wat in die bedryf gebruik word. Die studie het aangetoon dat die deterministiese metode te konserwatief is en dat dit die verwagte piekaanvraag van die stelsel sal oorskat en dus sal lei tot ‘n oorgrootte stelsel. Die probabilistiese metode het goeie resultate opgelewer wat goed vergelyk met die ware maand piek-faktore. Dit word gereken as ‘n toepaslike metode om die benodigde ontwerp spits-faktor van ‘n grootmaat-watervoorsiening stelsel te bepaal vir ‘n gekose voorsieningsbetroubaarheid. Die studie het ook aangedui dat die ontwerps piek-faktore voorgestel deur die huidige riglyne te laag is en dat dit tot die falings van ‘n stelsel sal lei. Die studie het ‘n moontlike verwantskap tussen die gemiddelde daaglikse wateraanvraag van die eindverbruiker en die verwagte maksimum maand spits faktor geïdentifiseer, nademaal die piek-faktore soos voorgestel deur die huidige riglyne nie beïnvloed word deur die eindverbruiker se gemiddelde verbruik nie.
Marlor, Kathryn Marie. "Examining the Economic Costs and Sources of Potable and Nonpotable Water in Northern Mexico". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4144.
Pełny tekst źródłaKoroglu, Nuri Tunga. "The Environmental History Of Land And Water Usage In The Modernity Period Of Turkey". Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605991/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaVicente, Rosmeiry Vanzella. "Modelo de operação para centros de controle de sistemas de abastecimento de água: estudo de caso - Sistema Adutor Metropolitano de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-10042006-141721/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis assignment considers an operation model supported by decision support systems to operates the water supply systems in real time, considering the hydraulical conditions while achieving some performance goals, in this case, reducing electricity costs (minimization of pumping costs) the attempt of the hydraulic constraints are evaluated by an hydraulical simulator previously calibrated. The set of results are analyzed by an optimization model which uses a linear programming. The operation conditions in real time requires automatic feeding operational information shortly at any time (less than an hour) for an optimized operation, previously analyzed by a hydraulic simulation model with creates condition criteria of consumption within following hours. These criteria are refined according to a demand prediction model that dynamically previews and checks the consumption results. This proposed model creates an interface between all these systems. This interface is tested and evaluated according to a study of the São Paulo´s metropolitan area, Sistema Alto Tietê. The efficiency of this proposed model is presented having reductions in the electric energy costs.
Hoffman, Johannes Jacobus. "Ekonomiese besluitnemingskriteria vir wateraanvraagbestuur en waterbesparing". Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6854.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: The limited water supply and an increasing water demand means that the effective management of water resources becomes much more important than in the past. The implementation of water demand management / water conservation (WDM/WC) projects are usually used as a crisis management tool to reduce immediate water shortage and to allow time for the planning and construction of infrastructure to increase water supply. It is however possible to incorporate WDM/WC into integrated water resource management and to use WDM/WC as an economic viable option for the upgrade of infrastructure to balance supply and demand. Existing economic evaluation methods to compare different options with each other were used to evaluate WDM/WC measures. Literature showed that to perform an economic evaluation of WDM/WC measures, the costs associated with the implementation of the WDM/WC measures, as well as the expected water saving from the implementation of the WDM/WC measure, must be known. Models were developed to estimate the expected water savings from different WDM/WC measures. The economic impacts of specific WDM/WC measures were investigated by using these models. Different economic models were developed to perform an economic evaluation of WDM/WC measures. WDM/WC measures were evaluated in terms of its economic feasibility. Economical evaluations of WDM/WC measures were also done as an alternative to the upgrading of infrastructure. In the last evaluation, the financing of WDM/WC measures through the deferral of capital cost, was investigated. Case studies from literature, where costs as well as water savings were available, were used to evaluate these WDM/WC measures by using the developed economic models. Cost estimates for the upgrading of infrastructure, to supply an equal amount of water as the water saving achieved in each case study, were done. These estimates were used to compare WDM/WC measure with the upgrading of infrastructure.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar word al hoe meer druk op bestaande hulpbronne geplaas om voldoende water te lewer. Die fokus skuif na effektiewe bestuur van hierdie hulpbronne. Wateraanvraagbestuur/ Waterbewaring (WAB/WB) projekte word geïmplementeer om krisisse van water tekorte aan te spreek en tyd te wen om nuwe hulpbronne te ontwikkel. Dit is wel moontlik om WAB/WB in geïntegreerde waterbron bestuur in te sluit en WAB/WB as ʼn ekonomiese alternatief tot kapitale investering aan te wend. Om die ekonomiese aspekte van WAB/WB te ondersoek, is daar op bestaande ekonomiese evaluerings metodes gefokus om verskillende opsies met mekaar te vergelyk. Uit die literatuur is gevind dat die belangrikste aspekte vir die ontleding van WAB/WB alternatiewe i.t.v. hul ekonomiese waarde, die koste van implementering van die WAB/WB alternatief is en die waterbesparing wat deur die implementering van die WAB/WB alternatief verkry word. WAB/WB modelle is ontwikkel om die verwagte water besparing van bepaalde WAB/WB alternatiewe te beraam. Die moontlike ekonomiese impak van bepaalde WAB/WB alternatiewe is deur die gebruik van hierdie modelle ondersoek. Ekonomiese evaluerings modelle is opgestel om WAB/WB alternatiewe te ontleed. WAB/WB alternatiewe kan as ʼn ekonomiese haalbare projek geïmplementeer word waar die kostes van die waterbesparings meer as die kapitale koste van die projek is. WAB/WB alternatiewe kan ook meer ekonomies as die ontwikkeling van nuwe bronne of opgradering van ʼn bestaande netwerk wees. Laastens is die moontlikheid om WAB/WB as ʼn alternatief te finansier deur die besparing wat bereik kan word deur ʼn kapitale projek uit te stel, ondersoek. Gevalle studies uit die literatuur, waar die kostes en waterbesparings bekend is, is ontleed deur van hierdie ekonomiese evaluerings modelle gebruik te maak. Vir elk van die gevalle studies is ʼn koste vir die opgradering van die infrastruktuur beraam om die ekwivalente hoeveelheid water te voorsien as wat deur die WAB/WB alternatief bespaar is.
Sjömander, Magnusson Therése. "Urban Water Security – Local Conditions and Regional Context : A case study of attitudes and water use behaviour in Windhoek, Namibia". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4893.
Pełny tekst źródłaSabbah, Walid Wajeeh. "Developing A GIS And Hydrological Modeling Approach For Sustainable Water Resources Management In The West Bank -- Palestine". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/297.
Pełny tekst źródłaCrafford, J. G. (Jacobus Gert). "Assessing the costs and benefits of water use for production and the potential of water demand management in the Crocodile Catchment of South Africa". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26559.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertation (MSc (Agricultural Economics))--University of Pretoria, 2004.
Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development
MSc (Agric)
unrestricted
Pereira, Júnior Lindolfo Caetano. "O uso da água em Goiás, potencialidade, demanda para irrigação por pivôs centrais e perspectivas". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7209.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
In this paper, an analysis of expansion of central pivots irrigation in the estate of Goiás from 1984 to 2015 was performed, with the objective of identifying the conditioning factors of this occupation process and its relation with the water compromise in the study area. For this, images obtained by Landsat satellite sensors and Government data were used to map these facilities. In order to define the water compromise, we also mapped the existing equipment in the Distrito Federal. In addition, was used as reference the Medium Long Term Flow (QMLT), generating a scenario of maximum hydrological potential. As final phase, was performed the analysis of the commitment in catchment basins for public supply, having as a reference the max water right capacity. The state had 3,489 facilities covering an irrigated area of 242,128 hectares in 2015. There was a clear pattern of distribution of irrigation pivots within the state, 60% of existing equipment are located on flat relief terrain with latosols and as close as 10 kilometers of a paved highway. This technique is consolidated in Goiás and tends to expand in the coming years, being a gradual and continuous expansion that facilitates long-term water resource management action. The mapped equipment is located in mid-priced land areas, more distant from the major urban centers, however with the required infrastructure for the production distribution. The area of study (Goiás and Distrito Federal) presented an average water availability in the order of 17 l.s-1 (km²)-1 with a maximum around 32 l.s-1 (km²)-1 and a minimum around 9 l.s-1 (km²)-1 . This availability is distributed in a heterogeneous manner, with the largest flows being in the south of the state of Goiás. The annual surface hydrological potential in the study area is of the order of 178 km³.year-1 . For the state of Goiás, this potential is around 175 km³.year-1 and for the Distrito Federal is approximately 2.5 km³.year-1. The hydrographic region that presented the highest potential volume was the Corumbá, Verissimo and São Marcos rivers, with an offer of the order of 26 km³.-1, a volume that represents about 15% of the total. The average volume required for irrigation by central pivots was 4,800 m³.year-1 .ha-1 , ranging from about 3,800 m³.year-1 ha-1 in the south to around 8,000 m³.year-1.ha -1 in the northeast of Goiás; Resulting in a demand of 1.23 km³-year, with reference to the year 2015. About 68,857 (85%) of the segments analyzed do not present any interference generated by this irrigation sector. This technique also does not present itself as a factor of pressure on the pumping for human supply (using the methodology adopted for granting in Goiás) since only one hydrographic basin presented demand superior to QMLT.
Neste trabalho, foi realizada a análise da expansão da irrigação por pivôs centrais no estado de Goiás no período compreendido entre 1984 e 2015, com o objetivo de identificar os fatores condicionantes desse processo de ocupação e sua relação com o comprometimento hídrico da área. Para tal, foram utilizadas imagens obtidas pelos sensores do satélite Landsat e dados Governamentais para o mapeamento destes equipamentos. Para definição do comprometimento hídrico, foram mapeados também os equipamentos existentes no Distrito Federal, além disso utilizou-se como referência a Vazão Média de Longo Termo (QMLT), gerando um cenário de potencial hidrológico máximo. Como fase final, realizou-se a análise do comprometimento em bacias de captação para abastecimento público, tendo-se como referência a vazão outorgável. No ano de 2015, o estado apresentou um total de 3.489 equipamentos perfazendo uma área irrigada de 242.128 ha. Observou-se um claro padrão de distribuição da irrigação por pivôs no estado, sendo que 60% dos equipamentos existentes encontram-se em área de relevo plano, com Latossolos e até 10 quilômetros de uma rodovia pavimentada. Esta técnica está consolidada em Goiás e tende a se expandir nos próximos anos, sendo esta uma expansão gradual e continua, fatos que facilitam as ações de gestão dos recursos hídricos a longo prazo. Os equipamentos mapeados encontram-se em áreas de preço médio da terra, mais afastadas dos grandes centros, mas com a infraestrutura necessária para o escoamento da produção. A área de estudo (Goiás e Distrito Federal) apresentou uma disponibilidade hídrica média da ordem de 17 l.s-1 .(km²)-1 com máxima por volta de 32 l.s-1 .(km²)-1 e mínima em torno de 9 l.s-1 .(km²)-1 . Esta disponibilidade distribui-se de forma heterogênea, estando as maiores vazões situadas no sul do estado de Goiás. O potencial hidrológico anual superficial na área de estudo é da ordem de 178 km³.ano-1 . Para o estado de Goiás, esse potencial fica por volta de 175 km³.ano- 1 e para o Distrito Federal é de aproximadamente 2,5 km³.ano-1 . A região hidrográfica que apresentou maior volume potencial foi a dos Rios Corumbá, Veríssimo e São Marcos, contando com uma oferta da ordem de 26 km³.ano-1 , volume que representa cerca de 15% do total. O volume médio necessário para irrigação por pivôs centrais foi de 4.800 m³.ano-1 .ha-1 , variando de cerca de 3.800 m³.ano-1 .ha-1 no Sul até por volta de 8.000 m³.ano-1 .ha-1 no Nordeste de Goiás; resultando em uma demanda de 1,23 km³.ano- ¹, tendo-se como referência o ano de 2015. Cerca de 68.857 (85%) dos segmentos analisados não apresentam qualquer interferência gerada por esse setor de irrigação. Esta técnica também não se apresenta como um fator de grande pressão sobre as captações para abastecimento humano (utilizando-se a metodologia adotada para outorga em Goiás) uma vez que apenas uma bacia hidrográfica apresentou demanda superior à QMLT.
Phan, Thuc. "An Integrated Approach for Assessing Vulnerability and Potential Adaptation Options for a Coastal Water Supply and Demand System Subject to Climatic and Non-Climatic Changes". Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/371292.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Flodin, Charlotte. "Equity in rural water resource development and management : A case study of Kilombero Valley, Tanzania, and the investments delivered by a participatory and demand-driven NGO". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133812.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhaladi, Malefetjane Phineas. "Knowledge transfer and retention : the case of a public water utility in South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6571.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the problem of knowledge retention and transfer in the face of the imminent retirement of experts, who are hard to replace for demographic or skill shortage reasons. Distinctions between technical, social and structural knowledge are made, and the theory on what makes knowledge “sticky” for transfer between generations of workers is reviewed. Thereafter, a case study of the knowledge retention situation at a public water utility is presented. In this regard, a large number of technical experts are due to retire within the next five years. Knowledge audit interviews were conducted with fifteen experts that have been with the organisation for most of their career and are due to retire soon. They were asked about what they considered to be their ‘hard to replace’ knowledge and professional networks, to what extent this could be captured or transferred, and what they considered to be the difficulties in terms of retaining this knowledge and these networks after their retirement. It was found that the motivation of experts to contribute to knowledge transfer and retention was low. This had to do with the perception that more junior members of the organisation are in any case likely to leave and with an organisational culture that was not supportive of knowledge transfer and retention activities. Moreover, a lack of knowledge leadership and formal knowledge management systems hindered knowledge transfer and retention practices. This study concludes that as far as the case in question is concerned, there is a need for a formal knowledge management system and strategy, and that top management commitment is critical for the success of knowledge transfer and retention. With regard to the theory of the stickiness of knowledge, the case study highlighted the importance of organisational culture and trust when it comes to the motivation of retiring experts to transfer their knowledge. It also emphasised that a silo-type organisational structure limits absorptive capacity, and that the social knowledge of professional networks, rather than technical knowledge, are the most difficult to retain.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tesis fokus op die problem van kennisbehoud en –oordrag teen die agtergrond van diensverlatende spesialiste wat moeilik vervangbaar is vanweë redes van demografie of vaardigheidtekort. Onderskeidinge word getref tussen tegniese, sosiale en strukturele kennis en ʼn oorsig word gegee van die teorie oor “klewende kennis” in die oordrag van kennis tussen generasies van werkers. Daarna word ʼ n gevallestudie van die kennisbehoudsituasie in ʼ n publieke waterverskaffer ondersoek. In hierdie geval sal ʼn groot getal tegniese spesialiste binne die volgende vyf jaar die organisasie se diens verlaat. ʼ n Kennis-oudit is met behulp van onderhoude met vyftien sulke spesialiste, wat die grootste deel van hulle loopbane by die onderneming werksaam was, onderneem. Hulle is uitgevra oor wat hulle sien as die kennis wat met hulle diensverlating vir die organisasie verlore sou gaan en omtrent die professionele netwerke wat hulle onderhou. Hulle is gevra tot watter mate hierdie twee kategorieë van kennis oordraagbaar is om so vir die organisasie behou te kan word en wat hulle reken die probleme is wat in die pad van kennisbehoud na hulle aftrede staan. Daar is bevind dat die spesialiste se motivering om by te dra tot kennisbehoud en –oordrag laag was. Dit het te make met die siening dat die jonger lede van die organisasie in elk geval die organisasie sou verlaat en met ʼn organisasie-kultuur wat nie kennisbehoud en –oordrag ondersteun nie. Verder is dit toe te skryf aan ʼn gebrek aan kennisleierskap en formele kennisbestuursisteme. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat sover dit die gevallestudie aangaan, ʼn formele kennisbestuurstelsel en –strategie krities is vir die sukses van kennisbehoud en –oordrag. Met betrekking tot die teorie oor klewende kennis het die gevallestudie die belang van organisasie kultuur en vertroue wanneer dit kom by die motivering van spesialiste om hulle kennis te deel belig. Dit het ook beklemtoon dat ʼn silo-gebaseerde organisasie kultuur die kennis absorpsie vermoë verlaag en dat die sosiale kennis van professionele netwerke moeiliker is as tegniese kennis om te behou.