Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Waste incineration energy”
Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Waste incineration energy.
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Waste incineration energy”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
1
Gelfand, Lewis E., i Jorge B. Wong. "Waste-to-Energy Incineration". Energy Engineering 98, nr 1 (styczeń 2001): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01998590109509300.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Gelfand, Lewis E., i Jorge B. Wong. "Waste-to-Energy Incineration". Energy Engineering 98, nr 1 (1.12.2000): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1092/e2cl-xd17-3bmc-6ufr.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Wang, Song Bai, Chang Ming Cheng, Wei Lan, Ren Wu Zhou, Xian Hui Zhang, Dong Ping Liu i Size Yang. "Energy Loss on High-Temperature Plasma Processing Waste Printed Circuit Boards". Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (wrzesień 2013): 904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.904.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper estimates the electrical energy loss on high-temperature plasma processing waste printed circuit boards. Using three plasma torch powers in big output power (60W) and a plasma torch power in relatively small output power (30W), after 4.5 hours of high-temperature plasma incineration, 43 kilograms of waste printed circuit boards was successively fused at high temperature plasma incinerator. After calculating, the total electrical energy loss for four powers was about 1,070 kilowatts hours during sample incineration.
4
Kong, Xiu Hua, Xin Jian Liu i Xiu Fu Song. "Research of Absorption Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment Using Waste Heat from Marine Incinerator". Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (listopad 2012): 1870–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1870.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Energy conservation and environmental protection is the two themes of the maritime transport development, through discussing the necessity of the incinerator waste heat utilization. Analysis the feasibility of incinerator waste heat using on ship air conditioning ,and puts forward specific technical plan to absorption refrigeration and air conditioning equipment using Marine incineration waste heat.
5
Lai, Adrian Chun Hin, i Adrian Wing-Keung Law. "Numerical modeling of municipal waste bed incineration". International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 29, nr 2 (4.02.2019): 504–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-04-2018-0165.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose Incineration has become increasingly important in many large cities around the world because of fast urbanization and population growth. The benefits of energy production and large reduction in the waste volume to landfills also contribute to its growing adaptation for solid waste management for these cities. At the same time, the environmental impact of the pollutant gases emitted from the incineration process is a common concern for various stakeholders which must be properly addressed. To minimize the pollutant gas emission levels, as well as maximize the energy efficiency, it is critically important to optimize the combustion performance of an incinerator freeboard which would require the development of reliable approaches based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. A critical task in the CFD modeling of an incinerator furnace requires the specification of waste characteristics along the moving grate as boundary conditions, which is not available in standard CFD packages at present. This study aims to address this gap by developing a numerical incinerator waste bed model. Design/methodology/approach A one-dimensional Lagrangian model for the incineration waste bed has been developed, which can be coupled to the furnace CFD model. The changes in bed mass due to drying, pyrolysis, devolatilization and char oxidation are all included in the model. The mass and concentration of gases produced in these processes through reactions are also predicted. The one-dimensional unsteady energy equations of solid and gas phases, which account for the furnace radiation, conduction, convection and heat of reactions, are solved by the control volume method. Findings The Lagrangian model is validated by comparing its prediction with the experimental data in the literature. The predicted waste bed height reduction, temperature profile and gas concentration are in reasonable agreement with the observations. Originality/value The simplicity and efficiency of the model makes it ideally suitable to be used for coupling with the computational furnace model to be developed in future (so as to optimize incinerator designs).
6
Penner, S. S., D. P. Y. Chang, R. Goulard i T. Lester. "Waste incineration and energy recovery". Energy 13, nr 12 (grudzień 1988): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(88)90049-7.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Gupta, Shubham, i R. S. Mishra. "Estimation of Electrical Energy Generation from Waste to Energy using Incineration Technology". International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 3, nr 4 (2015): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.341516.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper mainly deals with viability of Waste to energy Incineration technology in Roorkee City, Uttarakhand by estimating the total municipal solid waste generated and evaluating the energy potential by using the incineration technology. Day to day increase in waste generation demands Renewable technology for solid waste management for an effective economic and social growth of the people. This paper focuses on technical feasibility only.
8
Kyomba, Gabriel Kalombe, Joêl Nkiama Numbi Konde, Diafuka Saila-Ngita, Thomas Kuanda Solo i Guillaume Mbela Kiyombo. "Assessing the management of healthcare waste for disease prevention and environment protection at selected hospitals in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo". Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 39, nr 10 (27.09.2021): 1237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x211048132.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Incineration is the most used healthcare waste (HCW) disposal method. Disease outbreaks due to Ebola virus and SARS-CoV2 require attention to HCW management to avoid pathogens spread and spillover. This study describes HCW management prior to incineration and hospital incinerators performance by analysing bottom ashes from hospitals in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. We used semi-structured interviews to capture information on pre-incineration waste management and analysed the chemical composition of 27 samples of incinerator bottom ashes using the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Neither sorting nor waste management measures were applied at hospitals surveyed. Incinerator operators were poorly equipped and their knowledge was limited. The bottom ash concentrations of cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead ranged between 0.61–10.44, 40.15–737.01, 9.11–97.55 and 16.37–240.03 mg kg−1, respectively. Compared to Chinese incinerator performance, the concentrations of some elements were found to be lower than those from China. This discrepancy may be explained by the difference in the composition of HCW. The authors conclude that health care waste in Kinshasa hospitals is poorly managed, higher concentrations of heavy metals are found in incinerator bottom ashes and the incinerators quality is poor. They recommend the strict application of infection prevention control measures, the training of incinerator operators and the use of high-performance incinerators.
9
Hirvonen, Janne, i Risto Kosonen. "Waste Incineration Heat and Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage for Promoting Economically Optimal Net-Zero Energy Districts in Finland". Buildings 10, nr 11 (17.11.2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10110205.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In countries with high heating demand, waste heat from industrial processes should be carefully utilized in buildings. Finland already has an extensive district heating grid and large amounts of combined heat and power generation. However, despite the average climate, there is little use for excess heat in summer. Waste incineration plants need to be running regardless of weather, so long-term storage of heat requires consideration. However, no seasonal energy storage systems are currently in operation in connection with Finnish waste incineration plants. This study used dynamic energy simulation performed with the TRNSYS 17 software to analyze the case of utilizing excess heat from waste incineration to supplement conventional district heating of a new residential area. Seasonal energy storage was utilized through a borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) system. Parametric runs using 36 different storage configurations were performed to find out the cost and performance range of such plans. Annual energy storage efficiencies from 48% to 69% were obtained for the BTES. Waste heat could generate 37–89% of the annual heat demand. Cost estimations of waste heat storage using BTES are not available in the literature. As an important finding in this study, a levelized cost of heat of 10.5–23.5 €/MWh was obtained for various BTES configurations used for incineration waste heat storage. In the three most effective cases, the stored heat reduced annual CO2 emissions of the residential area by 42%, 64% and 86%. Thus, the solution shows great potential for reducing carbon emissions of district heating in grids connected to waste incineration plants.
10
Pane, Erlanda Augupta, Hendri Sukma, Arif Riyadi Tatak i Ismail. "The utilization of solid waste treatment for charcoal making and water heating by continuous incineration". E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186702001.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The utilization of solid waste incineration still has the low percentage, whereas the incineration can add the value of solid waste. This research conducted to analyse of solid waste incineration with methods that classified into two steps that are the analyse of requirement between solid waste and air supply to determine of mass and energy balance, and the pilot scale experiment to analyse the utilization of heat energy from solid waste incineration for charcoal making and water heating. The results show that the 12.5 kg solid waste mass request the 5.78 kg/h combustion rate to produce heat energy up to 134.4 kJ, where can transform 1 kg coconut shell to 500 g charcoal and increase the water temperature from 32°C to 62°C. The research will be continued with analyse of air supply for incineration process temperature increasing, which can determine the combustion rate that influences the heat energy product.
11
Kerdsuwan, Somrat, Krongkaew Laohalidanond i Palita Chiyawong. "A Novel Hybrid Design of Incineration-Gasification for Energy Saving". Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (październik 2015): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.95.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Nowadays, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a crucial problem worldwide where it is created the impact to environment, social as well as health. The non-sanitary landfill is widespread used for waste disposal in the rural area because of its low investment and operation cost. However, it has negative effect on human health and environment. Thermal treatment of MSW by incineration is considered as an option for effective treatment technique due to the fast reduction in mass and volume of MSW. However, with high moisture content in MSW, it is necessary to use auxiliary fuel in order to maintain the high temperature of combustion process and led to the high operating cost, especially for the small scale incinerator without energy recovery. A novel hybrid incineration-gasification can be used in order to overcome this drawback by using a downdraft gasifier with Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) as feedstock to generate the syngas which can be substituted the auxiliary fuel. Hence, this study emphasizes on the development of a novel hybrid incineration-gasification as a cleaner technology to get rid of MSW generated with a destruction capacity of 30 ton per day (TPD). The novel system comprises of a controlled-air incinerator with two combustion chambers, automatic feeding machine and wet scrubber. A 100 kg/hr downdraft gasifier has aim to use RDF from dry fraction of MSW as feedstock to produce syngas to substitute the auxiliary fuel used in the secondary burner of the incinerator in order to maintain the desire its temperature. This cleaner and novel hybrid technology can implement to get rid of MSW properly for energy saving and sustainable development.
12
Kang, Seongmin, Sung Hum Cho, Changsang Cho i Eui-Chan Jeon. "Fossil carbon fraction of industrial waste incineration and optimal cycle for measurement". Energy & Environment 31, nr 7 (24.10.2019): 1191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19882397.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study aimed to measure the fossil carbon fraction in industrial waste incineration facilities to determine its characteristics and the optimal time cycle for measurement. The analysis of the fossil carbon fraction in the industrial waste incineration facilities in Korea showed that the fraction in industrial waste incineration facility A was in the range of 51.58–68.18%, while the fraction in industrial waste incineration facility B was in the range of 40.00–64.66%. In this study, it was shown that a non-parametric method of statistical analysis was most suitable for the data of fossil carbon fraction in the industrial waste incineration facilities. The Kruskal–Wallis test indicated the same distribution of the mean for the monthly, quarterly, semiannual, and annual data from both industrial waste incineration facilities, suggesting that the optimal cycle for measuring fossil carbon fraction in the industrial waste incineration facilities is the annual cycle, corresponding to the longest cycle for measurement. This study provided fundamental data of fossil carbon fraction in industrial waste incineration facilities that can be used as a reference for emission estimation. Additionally, the significance of the study includes suggesting a statistical method for determining the optimal cycle for the measurement of fossil carbon fraction and having determined the optimal cycle.
13
Kang, Seongmin, Joonyoung Roh i Eui-chan Jeon. "Seasonal Variation Analysis Method of GHG at Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator". Sustainability 12, nr 18 (9.09.2020): 7425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187425.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The greenhouse gas emissions of the waste incineration sector account for approximately 43% of the total GHG emissions and represent the majority of the CO2 emissions from waste in Korea. Improving the reliability of the GHG inventory of the waste incineration sector is an important aspect for the examination of global GHG emission management according to the Paris Agreement. In this study, we introduced a statistical approach to analyze seasonal changes through analysis of waste composition and CO2 concentration in Municipal Solid Waste incinerators and applied the methodology to one case study facility. The analysis results in the case study showed that there was no seasonal variation in waste composition and CO2 concentrations, except for wood. Wood is classified as biomass, and the GHG emissions caused by biomass incineration are reported separately, indicating that the effect of an MSW incinerator on GHG emissions is not significant. Therefore, the seasonal effect of CO2 concentration or waste composition may not be an impact when calculating GHG emissions from case study facilities’ MSW incinerators. This study proposed an approach for analyzing factors that affect the GHG inventory reliability by analyzing seasonal characteristics and variation through the statistical analysis, which are used for the calculation of the GHG emissions of an MSW incinerator.
14
MAREŠ, Kryštof, Denisa MAREŠOVÁ, Tatiana ALEXIOU-IVANOVA, Yayan SATYAKTI i Adrian FURCULIȚA. "MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA: IS INCINERATION THE RIGHT WAY TO TREAT YOUR WASTE?" Știința Agricolă, nr 1 (sierpień 2022): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.55505/sa.2022.1.11.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Globally, the most used waste treatment method is landfilling, although (improper) landfilling, which is typical for developing countries, has no material or energy recovery possibility compared with other treatment methods. In Indonesia, open dumping on final disposal sites covers most of the treated waste, which is an even worse method than landfilling in terms of environmental issues. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the waste-to-energy solution/waste incineration approach for proper and sustainable waste management in Bandung. A big issue of municipal solid waste is the organic portion of waste, as most emissions and pollution come from organic waste and improper handling. A specific objective is to conduct the risk analysis of an incineration plant model and to compare the environmental impact of incineration vs landfilling. The input data for the assessment will be obtained from the laboratory analyses of solid waste samples collected from the Sarimukti disposal site. The lab analyses will comprise the determination of fractional composition (biodegradable and non-biodegradable compounds like food waste, paper, textiles, plastics) and physico-chemical properties (such as moisture content, calorific values, trace elements). The research will also include general calculations of energy balance and economic costs of the incineration plant. Thus, the selected criteria will assess the following aspects of the incineration plant model: technical, environmental, social, energy, and economic.
15
Bhati, Harsh Vardhan. "Waste-to-Energy Projects (Part II): Comparing Approaches". Environmental Policy and Law 50, nr 3 (21.12.2020): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-200210.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have led to a huge increase in the generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) across the globe. The world’s cities generate about 1.3 billion tons of solid waste per year and this is expected to increase to 2.2 billion tons by 2025. The most common method of waste management adopted by cities is to dispose of MSW in open dumps and oversaturated landfills. The improper management of MSW has become a threat to public and environmental health. However, this waste can also be perceived as an opportunity and a source of energy through Waste to Energy (WtE) technology. WtE technologies are used to produce various by-products like electricity, heat, biofuels and compost. In developed nations, it is primarily the non-organic elements of MSW that are used in WtE incineration. Developing nations are also investing heavily in WtE incineration, irrespective of the fact that their MSW consists primarily of biodegradables. The existing WtE incineration plants in India and China are not only causing heavy pollution but also posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. In this article, the author focuses on the current status and challenges of different WtE technologies used in Europe, US, China, Japan and India. Furthermore, the author recommends that waste incineration should not be treated as a source of renewable energy and suggests anaerobic digestion methods (biomethanation) as a solution for countries with more biodegradable waste.
16
Panepinto, Deborah, Annamaria Senor i Giuseppe Genon. "Energy recovery from waste incineration: economic aspects". Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 18, nr 2 (10.09.2015): 517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-1033-7.
Pełny tekst źródła
17
B, Meena Preethi, Dharshini B i Gokul S. "Biomedical Waste Management Using Incineration and Autoclave". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 4645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43371.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract: Sanitarium wastes pose significant public health hazard if not duly managed. Hence, it's necessary to develop and borrow optimal waste management systems in the hospitals. Bio-medical waste (BMW) generated in our nation on a day-to-day base is immense and contains contagious and dangerous accoutrements. With the rise in COVID-19 cases, there are concerns about the disposal of huge amounts of biomedical waste. Tamil Nadu generated 35269.74 kg/per day of COVID-19 ‘bio-medical waste’ between 2020 to 2021. This paper deals on managing the Bio-medical waste (BMW) using Incineration and Autoclaving. Keywords: Bio-medical waste (BMW), World Health Organization (WHO), Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB), common bio-medical waste treatment and disposal facility (CBMWTF), Incineration, Autoclaving
18
Dastjerdi, Behnam Hosseini, Vladimir Strezov, Ravinder Kumar i Masud Behnia. "Economic Feasibility and Sustainability Assessment of Residual Municipal Solid Waste Management Scenarios in NSW, Australia". Sustainability 13, nr 16 (11.08.2021): 8972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168972.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study evaluates the economic cost and sustainability of treating residual municipal solid waste (MSW) through five waste management scenarios. In the baseline scenario (Bsc), all waste was managed through landfilling, while in scenario 1 (Sc1) all waste was treated by incineration. Sc2 employed anaerobic digestion (AD) for food waste and landfilling, and Sc3 treated the waste through AD for food waste, incineration of combustible and plastic wastes, and landfilling. Sc4 treated the waste using AD, incineration, landfilling, and recycling of the plastic waste. The economic cost of waste management scenarios was estimated by calculating different economic variables, such as gate fees, including capital and operating costs, governmental incentives and levies, and also the potential of employed waste treatment technologies for resource recovery. The results revealed that Sc3 has the lowest economic cost of 238.1 mAUD/year, followed by Sc1 (261.9 mAUD/year), while Bsc proved to be the highest cost at 476.1 mAUD/year for MSW treatment. It was noticed that scenarios employing incineration had lower economic costs compared to Bsc and Sc2, mainly because incineration resulted in higher electricity generation and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The sustainability assessment results confirmed that Sc3 had the lowest and Bcs the highest total economic cost and environmental damage.
19
Saha, Rupankar, i Binay Kumar Singh. "Energy from Waste". E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017001008.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The objective of this paper is to discuss the various technology and methods for producing energy from waste & its advantages. These technologies are incineration, gasification, plasma arc gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion. These technologies reduce volume of waste, environmental influence threat to public health and the dependency of the fossil fuel for generating power. The efficiency of this technology is up to 20-40%. As per rough idea, a typical 100000 tonnes per annum waste to energy plant will produce around 7MW of electricity, which is sufficient to power approximately 10,000 homes and cost of the energy is around 0.03$ -0.05$ per Kilo-watt Hours depend upon the technologies.
20
Tsybina, A. V. "Application of the Principles of Circular Economy to Justify an Economically Efficient, Energy-Efficient and Resource-Saving Way of Handling Municipal Sewage Sludge". Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, nr 10 (5.10.2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-10-38-43.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The actual problem of searching for effective ways of handling municipal sewage sludge has been studied on the basis of the principles of circular economy. In this context, the shortcomings and advantages of the following methods for handling sewage sludge are analyzed: placement on mud maps and MSW landfills, gasification, pyrolysis and incineration; a conclusion was made about the prospects of incinerating sewage sludge. The methods of additional sewage sludge pretreatment or post-processing of incineration products are considered, which allow to minimize the main disadvantages of this method of sewage sludge utilization - the loss of basic nutrients, a large volume of toxic secondary waste, and a high consumption of primary energy resources. An improved method for handling sewage sludge based on the incineration method is proposed with the introduction of additional stages of preparation for incineration, including complex dehydration, detoxification of sewage sludge and the formation of a fuel mixture.
21
Muri, Harald Ian D. I., i Dag Roar Hjelme. "Sensor Technology Options for Municipal Solid Waste Characterization for Optimal Operation of Waste-to-Energy Plants". Energies 15, nr 3 (2.02.2022): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031105.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Reuse, refurbishing, and recycling are the most sustainable options for handling waste materials. However, for municipal solid waste (MSW) that is highly heterogenic, crude, contaminated, and decrepit, thermal conversion in waste-to-energy (WtE) plants is an option. In such plants, the fuel quality of MSW is difficult to predict and the substantial changes expected are challenging for incineration stability. Development of new online sensor technologies for monitoring waste properties prior to incineration is therefore needed. Sensors may contribute to increase WtE process stability, as well as reducing the probability of incineration stops or emissions exceeding legal limits. In this work, the operating principles of potential sensor systems for waste monitoring are categorized and assessed to be implemented for providing parameters for process control or indicators for process alarms in the waste incineration process. For transmissive settings, the use of inductance and hard X-ray sensors are most promising, whereas for reflective settings, utilization of photonic, inductive, soft and hard X-ray, as well as low-frequency radiowave sensors, are most promising. The analytic capacity of single-point measurements with inductance, radiowave, photonic, or X-ray sensors are limited to providing indicators for process alarms, whereas spectral imaging with X-ray or photonic techniques are feasible for providing parameters for both process control and indicators for process alarms. The results obtained in this sensor assessment will be important as a first step in guiding the evolution of monitoring waste properties in the WtE industry to increase repeatability, performance of energy production, and manual labor safety in controlling the waste incineration.
22
Ito, K., R. Yokoyama i M. Shimoda. "Optimal Planning of a Super Waste Incineration Cogeneration Plant". Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, nr 4 (1.10.1997): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2817072.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper is concerned with the evaluation of economic and energy-saving characteristics of a super waste incineration cogeneration plant, which is equipped with gas turbines as topping cycle to overcome the drawback of low power generating efficiency of conventional waste incineration cogeneration plants only with steam turbines. Economic and energy-saving characteristics are evaluated using an optimal planning method, which determines capacities and operational strategies of constituent equipment from their many alternatives so as to minimize the annual total cost. Through a case study, advantages of a super waste incineration cogeneration plant are shown in comparison with a conventional one. A parametric study is also carried out with respect to the amounts of waste collected and energy distributed.
23
Denafas, G., I. Rimaitytė, H. Seeger i A. Urban. "POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF ENERGETIC USEFUL DOMESTIC WASTE TO THE ENERGY SUPPLY OF LITHUANIA". Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (26.06.2006): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2003vol1.1981.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The energy potential of domestic waste in Lithuania is 1411 GWh annually. In the case of the introduction of an extensive material recycling of the domestic waste, this amount would be reduced to 727 GWh per annual. Two variants of thermal waste treatment processes were taken into consideration: incineration by great furnaces and gasification followed by the incineration in gas power plants. The calculation of the necessary capacities for the thermal treatment of the domestic waste of every district is based on the annual availability of the plants of 75 %. Finally 4 scenarios arise, considering both the incineration on grate furnaces and the gasification in combination with the current energy potential of domestic waste and the potential after the introduction of extensive material recycling possible in the future.
24
Tobiasen, Lasse, Kristian Kahle, Claus Hindsgaul i Bettina Kamuk. "Waste to Energy – Energy Recovery of Green Bin Waste: Incineration/Biogas Comparison". Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 1, nr 4 (15.10.2014): 136–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40518-014-0018-1.
Pełny tekst źródła
25
Abedin, Mohammad Zoynal, i A. S. M. Luthful Karim. "Waste to Energy Technologies for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Bangladesh: A Comprehensive Review". International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 7, nr 3 (20.07.2022): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.07.03.2022.02.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Bangladesh has an impressive track record of development and has been among the fastest growing economies in the world over the past decade, supported by a demographic dividend, strong ready-made garment (RMG) exports, remittance, and stable macroeconomic conditions. With the growth of populace and the living standards, the goods and energy consumption in Bangladesh are seen to be increased which rises the waste generation. Thus, municipal waste management (MSW) and energy supply are becoming the great challenges for Bangladesh. Waste to energy (WTE) conversion technologies would be a very timely solution to an ever-growing problem. These technologies are environment-friendly and cost effective; however, these are not popular within the developing country Bangladesh. This paper discusses current waste status, significant progresses and future prospect of solid waste management process as well as evaluates the best possible WTE technology suitable for Bangladesh. It is found that Bangladesh produces approximately 13,332 tons of MSW per day in which almost 26% and 12% of total wastes are generated by its capital city, Dhaka and Chattogram, respectively. The incineration process for electricity production is seen to be the most effective WTE technology for Chattogram city. For instance, for one ton of MSW, the incineration process can provide 0.585 MWh electricity and 1.742 MWh heat with an emission factor of 0.28 ton of CO2. With an average plant capacity cost of 2.1 USD which is lower than other WTE technologies. Therefore, the incineration can be utilized as the most effective WTE technology for major cities in Bangladesh.
26
Kang, Seongmin, Joonyoung Roh i Eui-chan Jeon. "Major Elements to Consider in Developing Ammonia Emission Factor at Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Incinerators". Sustainability 13, nr 4 (18.02.2021): 2197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042197.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
NH3 is one of the major substances contributing to the secondary generation of PM2.5; therefore, management is required. In Korea, the management of NH3 is insufficient, and the emission factor used by EPA is the same as the one used when calculating emissions. In particular, waste incineration facilities do not currently calculate NH3 emissions. In the case of combustion facilities, the main ammonia emission source is the De-NOx facility, and, in the case of a power plant with a De-NOx facility, NH3 emission is calculated. Therefore, in the case of a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) incinerator with the same facility installed, it is necessary to calculate NH3 emissions. In this study, the necessity of developing NH3 emission factors for an MSW incinerator and calculating emission was analyzed. In addition, elements to be considered when developing emission factors were analyzed. The study found that the NH3 emission factors for each MSW incinerator technology were calculated as Stoker 0.010 NH3 kg/ton and Fluidized Beds 0.004 NH3 kg/ton, which was greater than the NH3 emission factor 0.003 NH3 kg/ton for the MSW incinerator presented in EMEP/EEA (2016). As a result, it was able to identify the need for the development of NH3 emission factors in MSW incinerators in Korea. In addition, the statistical analysis of the difference between the incineration technology of MSW and the NH3 emission factor by the De-NOx facility showed a difference in terms of both incineration technology and De-NOx facilities, indicating that they should be considered together when developing the emission factor. In addition to MSW, it is believed that it will be necessary to review the development of emission factors for waste at workplaces and incineration facilities of sewage sludge.
27
Huang, Yucheng, Ji Chen, Shenjie Shi, Bin Li, Jialin Mo i Qiang Tang. "Mechanical Properties of Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (MSWI) Bottom Ash as Alternatives of Subgrade Materials". Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (30.01.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9254516.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The rapid development of industrialization, urbanization, and population of the society augments the rising amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). With the advantage of considerably reducing mass and volume of solid wastes and generating energy, the incineration is a widely used treatment method for MSW. During the incineration process, the organic substances contained in the wastes are combusted, and the massive residues are remained. Of the incineration residues, bottom ash takes up to 80–90%, and the remainders are fly ash along with air pollution control residues. Dealing with the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash in a sustainable manner is the primary principle. Significantly, MSWI bottom ash has been successfully utilized in diverse beneficial applications in recent decades, especially in civil engineering applications. This paper investigates the mechanical properties and validity of MSWI bottom ash as applicable substitutes of conventional subgrade materials. For this reason, a series of direct shear and CBR tests are performed on specimens with different water contents and dry densities.
28
Goh, Y. R., Y. B. Yang, J. Goodfellow, R. Zakaria, C. N. Lim, K. H. Chan, G. Reynolds, R. G. Siddall, V. Nasserzadeh i J. Swithenbank. "Energy from waste: current research and development in municipal waste incineration at Sheffield University waste incineration centre (SUWIC)". International Journal of Ambient Energy 21, nr 3 (lipiec 2000): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2000.9675367.
Pełny tekst źródła
29
Altan, Hasan Suphi, Derin Orhon i Seval Sozen. "Energy Recovery Potential of Livestock Waste with Thermal and Biological Technologies: Analysis on Cattle, Sheep, Goat and Chicken Manure". International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, nr 2 (20.03.2022): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12733.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study aims to establish the scientific link between the livestock wastes and energy recovery processes to implement the most appropriate technology at the highest economic benefit. The evaluation was based on the recovery of the potential energy of the mixture of four livestock wastes (cattle, sheep, goat, egg chicken) by four different energy recovery processes. Incineration, gasification, pyrolysis at 550°C and 750°C were applied as thermal processes together with the anaerobic digestion as biochemical process. The recovery performance of each process was evaluated within a defined design algorithm considering all significant parameters in seven geographical regions and in Turkey as a whole. Incineration seems to be the most efficient energy recovery process with 0.43 MWe/t for Turkey. Gasification took the second place in the energy recovery ranking with 0.34 MWe/t, 21% less than incineration. Pyrolysis expressed an energy recovery rate of 0.15 MWe/t at 550°C and a twice higher rate at 750°C, at a level close to gasification. Anaerobic digestion exerted a recovery potential of 0.21 MWe/t for the livestock waste considered. Energy recovery from livestock waste not only contributes to energy production, but also provides compliance with the concept of reducing emissions and sustainable environment.
30
Ye, Xiaoning, Xuejiao Lei, Caixia Wang, Qionghui Li, Wei Yuan i Ziqian Li. "Operation Cost Analysis of Typical Power Plant Waste Incineration". E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 03027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911803027.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In recent years, as the main way to deal with Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), municipal solid waste incineration power generation possesses the dual positive attributes of environmental protection and energy production. In addition to effectively solving the current environmental problems of “cities besieged by garbage”, it is possible to become an important supplement of urban energy and an inevitable requirement for economic and social development. Some suggestions are put forward based on the calculation results of actual investment and operating costs of waste incineration power plants. The research results are of great reference value for timely understanding of the status quo of waste incineration power plants, formulating policies and guiding the investment and operation management of power plants.
31
Elmansy, Asmaa, N. Abdelmonem, Ahmed Shaaban i Amr Abdelghany. "Process Engineering Design of Tobacco wastes Incinerator with Utilization of Heat Energy from Combustion Gases". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2305, nr 1 (1.08.2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2305/1/012024.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract An integrated incineration unit was developed to handle tobacco waste within a processing plant in the Eastern Company, Egypt. In addition to the unit, subsequent utilization of the heat content of combustion gases was investigated. The incinerator design was tailored around the current process of solid waste combustion within the tobacco processing plants of the Eastern Company in 6th October City, Egypt. A feeding rate of 1 ton/hr of solid waste consisted of 50% mass of tobacco, 20% paper, and cartons, 20% wooden boxes, and 10% plastics. The volume occupied by the remaining ash after the incineration process would not exceed 5% of the feedstock. The overall material and energy balances were calculated based on a 25490 kg/hr combustion gas discharge with a heat content of 20.09 Gj/hr. Energy from flue gases would be utilized to generate saturated steam or produce hot water. The design included a fired-tube boiler capable of generating 7 ton/hr saturated steam at 185 °C and 10 bar. The temperature of the exhaust effluent combustion gases vented into the atmosphere had to stand at 200 °C to avoid penalties. Moreover, this effluent temperature is considered to be effective and efficient utilization of the heat content in the waste.
32
Ezzat Salem, Mohamed, Hamdy Abd El-Halim, Amr Refky i Ibrahim Ahmed Nassar. "Potential of Waste to Energy Conversion in Egypt". Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2022 (23.06.2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7265553.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper proposes a study on the potential of waste-to-energy (WTE) possibility in the Arab Republic of Egypt. WTE is a viable option for municipal solid waste (MSW) management and a renewable energy source. The issue of waste spread is a chronic environmental challenge in the Arab Republic of Egypt. The MSW practices in Egypt are simply done by collecting the waste and dumping it in open landfill sites. This research aims to assess the potential contribution of the WTE facility to meet electricity demand in Cairo City, which is Egypt’s capital and the biggest city in population as a sample, and then apply the results to all of Egypt. The paper introduced a step-by-step calculation for the electrical power that can be generated from Cairo MSW. Four scenarios for WTE utilization were developed: Mass Burn without any waste processing, Mass Burn with 25% recycling, Mass Burn excluding 50% of organic material, and Mass Burn excluding 50% of organic material with 25% recycling. The Mass Burn scenario implies full MSW stream incineration; the Mass Burn with recycling scenario considers a partial separation of reusable materials and the waste leftover for incineration; the Mass Burn with excluding 50% of organic material scenario considers a partial separation of organic materials and the waste leftover for incineration; the Mass Burn with excluding 50% of organic material with 25% recycling scenario considers a partial separation of organic materials and partial separation of reusable materials and the waste leftover for incineration. The analyses were done for the period 2011–2031 for Cairo with a total population of about 10 million in Nov 2021. The results show the huge potential of WTE conversion as a source of renewable energy, which is a key factor in Egypt’s sustainable development strategy 2030. Available data have been theoretically processed to show the decision-makers in Egypt the amount of electrical power that can be generated by using the WTE options to manage the MSW in Egypt.
33
Jaber, Sari, Alaa Aldin Aljawad, Tudor Prisecaru i Elena Pop. "A theoretical study on the mass input and output and energy of the biomedical waste incinerator". E3S Web of Conferences 286 (2021): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128602016.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Medical waste production has increased with many government and private hospitals and health centres due to the increase in the population, especially in the spread of Coronavirus Covid-19. This increase in medical waste is treating in medical incinerators. One of the advantages of incineration is the reduction of volume, weight and energy recovery. This paper examines the medical waste incinerator of one of the Medical City hospitals in Baghdad, as this incinerator internally divided into primary and secondary chambers. The medical waste for yellow bags placed in the primary chamber is burned with the help of air and a burner of 178-356 kW, resulting in waste burned. Then the combustion products pass through the secondary chamber, wherewith air and another burner of 178-356 kW, the combustion of gases and volatile materials from the waste completed. Air is then supplied to the flue gases to dilute the emission concentrations and reduce the flue gas temperature. This paper presents a study on the inputs and outputs of waste, air, fuel and the advantage of the heat quantity generated from the combustion of biomedical waste. As a result of this theoretical work, this incinerator provides an acceptable and durable solution to waste disposal problems and the risks of spreading viruses today.
34
Kim, Tae-Han, Boo-Hun Choi i Joongjin Kook. "Analysis of Chemical Compounds of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants from the Open Burning of Agricultural HDPE Film Waste". Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 24, nr 6 (31.12.2021): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2021.24.6.585.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background and objective Illegal open-air incineration, which is criticized as a leading source of air pollutants among agricultural activities, currently requires constant effort and attention. Countries around the world have been undertaking studies on the emission of heavy metal substances in fine dust discharged during the incineration process. A precise analytical method is required to examine the harmful effects of particulate pollutants on the human body. Methods In order to simulate open-air incineration, the infrastructure needed for incineration tests complying with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 5G was built, and a large-area analysis was conducted on particulate pollutants through automated scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). For the test specimen, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste collected by the DangJin Office located in Choongcheongnam-do was used. To increase the identifiability of the analyzed particles, the incineration experiment was conducted in an incinerator three times after dividing the film waste into 200 g specimens. Results Among the metal particulate matters detected in the HDPE waste incineration test, transition metals included C (20.8–37.1 wt%) and O (33.7–37.9 wt%). As for other chemical matters, the analysis showed that metal particulate matters such as metalloids, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metals reacted to C and C-O. Si, a representative metalloid, was detected at 14.8–20.8 wt%, showing the highest weight ratio except for C and O. Conclusion In this study, the detection of metal chemicals in incinerated particulate matters was effectively confirmed through SEM-EDS. The results of this study verified that HDPE waste adsorbs metal chemicals originating from soil due to its own properties and deterioration, and that when incinerated, it emits particulate matters containing transition metals and other metals that contribute to the excessive production and reduction of reactive oxygen species.
35
Zhou, Chilou, Haojun Lin, Guohua Chen, Peng Yang, Yiran Zheng, Xingquan Qiu, Xiangyue Li i Yuhang Yang. "Experimental and numerical investigation on temperature uniformity of LPG cylinder in incineration test". Thermal Science, nr 00 (2022): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220418127z.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinder incineration test is an important part of the cylinder periodic inspection to clean up the residual gas and ensure the safety of subsequent inspection items. However, the cylinder needs to be incinerated several times due to the uneven temperature distribution of the cylinder, leading to low incineration efficiency and waste of energy. In this study, a cylinder incineration test is experimentally investigated and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is established to analyze the influence of incinerator structure parameters and cylinder types on the temperature uniformity of the cylinder. The results show that the temperature distribution of the middle surface of the cylinder is most uneven. With the increase of the burner nozzle diameter and the incinerator diameter, the standard deviation of temperature decreases at first and then increases, and the minimum is reached at 150 mm and 530 mm, respectively. The optimized design is found to have a better temperature uniformity of the cylinder with the burner nozzle angle of 0?. The optimal incinerator diameter for different types of LPG cylinders is different and decreases as the cylinder diameter decreases.
36
Spisak, Jan, Dusan Nascak i Daniela Cuchtova. "Conception Of Innovated System For Waste Disposal". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, nr 5 (28.02.2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n5p35.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Every year wastes are becoming a bigger problem which every individual or government must take note and solve it on the fly. If certain energy standards are fulfilled, the waste recovery in incineration plants or similar technological devices is possible. This measure should lead to more efficient waste combustion and its energy recovery. In our conditions, this can be achieved so that the heat generated during combustion will be also used to generate electricity respectively thermal energy. For a more efficient and optimal waste treatment was proposed a three-stage combustion system concept.
37
Bisinella, V., J. Nedenskov, Christian Riber, Tore Hulgaard i Thomas H. Christensen. "Environmental assessment of amending the Amager Bakke incineration plant in Copenhagen with carbon capture and storage". Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 40, nr 1 (29.09.2021): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x211048125.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Amending municipal solid waste incineration with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a new approach that can reduce the climate change impacts of waste incineration. This study provides a detailed analysis of the consequences of amending the new Amager Bakke incinerator in Copenhagen (capacity: 600,000 tonnes waste per year) with CCS as a post-combustion technology. Emphasis is on the changes in the energy flows and outputs as well as the environmental performance of the plant; the latter is assessed by life cycle assessment. Amending Amager Bakke with CCS of the chosen configuration reduces the electricity output by 50% due to steam use by the capture unit, but introducing post-capture flue gas condensation increases the heat output utilized in the Copenhagen district heating system by 20%. Thus, the overall net energy efficiency is not affected. The CCS amendment reduces the fossil CO2 emissions to 40 kg CO2 per tonne of incinerated waste and stores 530 kg biogenic CO2 per tonne of incinerated waste. Potential developments in the composition of the residual waste incinerated or in the energy systems that Amager Bakke interacts with, do not question the benefits of the CCS amendment. In terms of climate change impacts, considering different waste composition and energy system scenarios, introducing CCS reduces in average the impact of Amager Bakke by 850 kg CO2-equivalents per tonne of incinerated waste. CCS increases the environmental impacts in other categories, but not in the same order of magnitude as the savings introduced within climate change.
38
Petropavlovskaya, V. K., A. N. Shishkov, S. A. Zamaraev, A. V. Goncharova i DA Zolnikov. "Considering different methods of thermal utilization of municipal solid waste". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 990, nr 1 (1.02.2022): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/990/1/012067.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract The article discusses the methods of thermal utilization of municipal solid waste. The environmental burden on landfill disposal sites is reduced by waste incineration. At the same time, the production of heat energy occurs with moderately lower environmental impact. The work of an integrated district heating station was considered in the article. The influence of this installation on the environment and the features of the operation of the integrated district boiler house are considered. The study demonstrates the advantages of utilizing municipal waste at an integrated district heating plant over the method of waste incineration in a regular incineration plant.
39
Babalola, Micky. "A Benefit–Cost Analysis of Food and Biodegradable Waste Treatment Alternatives: The Case of Oita City, Japan". Sustainability 12, nr 5 (3.03.2020): 1916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051916.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
As the generation of food scrap, kitchen, and biodegradable wastes increases, the proper handling of these wastes is becoming an increasingly significant concern for most cities in Japan. A substantial fraction of food and biodegradable waste (FBW) ends up in the incinerator. Therefore, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) benefit–cost analysis technique was employed in this study to compare different FBW treatment technologies and select the most appropriate FBW disposal technology for Oita City. The four FBW treatment options considered were those recommended by the Japanese Food Waste Recycling Law: anaerobic digestion, compost, landfill, and incineration, which is currently in use. The fundamental AHP was separated into two hierarchy structures for benefit analysis and cost analysis. The criteria used in these two analyses were value added, safety, efficiency, and social benefits for benefit analysis, and cost of energy, cost of operation and maintenance, environmental constraints, and disamenity for cost analysis. The results showed that anaerobic digestion had the highest overall benefit while composting had the least cost overall. The benefit–cost ratio result showed that anaerobic digestion is the most suitable treatment alternative, followed by composting and incineration, with landfill being the least favored. The study recommends that composting could be combined with anaerobic digestion as an optimal FBW management option in Oita City.
40
Kerdsuwan, Somrat, i Krongkaew Laohalidanond. "Simulation of Green and Clean Electrical Power Generation of a 500 Ton per Day Waste Incineration Plant with High Moisture Content and Low Heating Value". Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (październik 2015): 1244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1244.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
With the increasing amount of waste together with the high development of the country, the high amount of waste needed to be treated properly in order to lower the impact to the environment. Waste to Energy through incineration is considered as the appropriated technology to convert green and clean energy from discard matters, especially for the waste that has the mixing composition and has not segregate its composition in the developing country. Therefore, it is essential to simulate its combustion process to see how much of electrical power that can be generated and purpose the appropriated technic in order to improve its efficiency. This research deals with the process simulation of using incineration technology with high moisture content and low heating value in developing country. The simulation of 500 ton per day incineration technology was conducted by the unit operation in Aspen Plus® program in order to forecast the capacity of electricity production and the contaminants in flue gas emission. It was found that, even high moisture content and low heating value of waste, incineration can be one of the solutions to dispose waste properly and can recover green and clean energy in the form of electricity ranging from 3.78-6.29 MWe depending on waste’s quality. This green and clean energy recovery from waste could be used to reduce the using of fossil fuel in order to mitigate the emission of the greenhouse gas to atmosphere.
41
Penttinen, Petri, Jussi Vimpari i Seppo Junnila. "Optimal Seasonal Heat Storage in a District Heating System with Waste Incineration". Energies 14, nr 12 (13.06.2021): 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123522.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
European Union climate goals aim to increase waste incineration instead of landfills. Incineration of waste increases the mismatch between heat production and consumption since waste is generated constantly but energy demand varies significantly between seasons. Seasonal energy storage is suggested to alleviate this mismatch. However, traditional seasonal storage options have not been cost-effective investments for energy companies. This paper explores the feasibility of a large cavern thermal energy storage in a large district heating system with waste incineration. First, 62 one-year optimisations for seasonal storage with varying size and power were conducted to determine the economic performance of the system. Second, the annual system emissions were estimated. The results show that even small capacity seasonal storage reduces system emissions significantly. Return on investment for the most profitable storage with a capacity of 90 GWh and power of 200 MW range between 3.6% and 9.4%, and the investment varies between EUR 43–112 M depending on costs. Seasonal energy storages are still not as profitable as traditional energy investments. This might change due to growing waste heat recovery and the rising cost of carbon emissions. Further research is needed into new business models for implementing large seasonal storages.
42
TAKEDA, Nobuo. "Waste incineration. Circulation structures of resources and energy in urban areas and incineration." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 27, nr 3 (1998): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.27.221.
Pełny tekst źródła
43
Brännvall, E., i J. Kumpiene. "Fly ash in landfill top covers – a review". Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 18, nr 1 (2016): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5em00419e.
Pełny tekst źródła
44
Zhang, Ye Shui, Hua Lun Zhu, Dingding Yao, Paul T. Williams, Chunfei Wu, Dan Xu, Qiang Hu i in. "Thermo-chemical conversion of carbonaceous wastes for CNT and hydrogen production: a review". Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, nr 17 (2021): 4173–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00619c.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Thermo-chemical conversion of carbonaceous wastes such as tyres, plastics, biomass and crude glycerol is a promising technology compared to traditional waste treatment options (e.g. incineration and landfill).
45
Liu, Yong, Chenjunyan Sun, Bo Xia, Sai Liu i Martin Skitmore. "Identification of Risk Factors Affecting PPP Waste-to-Energy Incineration Projects in China: A Multiple Case Study". Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (1.08.2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4983523.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Waste-to-energy (WTE) incineration technologies are considered an effective solution for sustainable and efficient municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal in China, and the public-private partnership (PPP) arrangement has been widely used to construct and operate WTE incineration projects. However, PPP WTE incineration projects in China are affected by numerous risks due to the long concession period, various participants, and other factors commonly involved in PPPs, resulting in a number of failures. In light of the pivotal role that risk identification, analysis, and response play in the successful development of PPP WTE incineration projects, this paper presents a multiple case study to identify the risk factors involved in China by drawing on experience from the real-life risk events of 35 PPP WTE incineration plants. 18 risk factors are identified; the most critical of which being public opposition risk, environmental pollution risk, government decision-making risk, a defective legal and regulatory system, and MSW supply risk. The results of the study provide a solid foundation for the future risk analysis, risk allocation, and risk response of PPP WTE incineration projects, and shed light on performance improvement of the PPP WTE incineration projects as well as the development of the PPP WTE industry in China.
46
Trehub, О. A. "TRANSFORMATION VECTORS OF LEGAL REGULATION IN THE FIELD OF ENERGY USE OF WASTE". Economics and Law, nr 2 (9.09.2021): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.02.083.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The present article examines the problem of transformation of legal regulation in the field of energy use of waste taking into account both external and internal factors of influence. The main purpose of the article is to specify the vectors of this transformation. One of the vectors is the strengthening of energy specialization of the waste legislation. Within the framework of this issue, the innovations proposed by the draft Law of Ukraine on waste from 04.06.2020 are being considered. Special attention is given to such innovations as waste hierarchy, requirements for incineration and co-incineration of waste, as well as criterion of energy efficiency for incineration facilities. The place of particular energy operation with waste in the waste hierarchy depends on its environmental, resource-saving, energy efficient and other characteristics. The problems of legal regulation in the field of the management of waste from extractive industries with a high energy value are also studied. Another important transformation vector of legal regulation in the field of energy use of waste is a more complete reflection of waste specificity in the energy legislation. The analysis of the laws of Ukraine “On Alternative Energy Sources” and “On Alternative Fuels” shows that the specificity of waste as an energy source is not fully reflected in them. There are new approaches of the Directive (EU) 2018/2001 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources to the regulation of relations in the field of waste as a type of biomass. It is advisable to apply some of these approaches in Ukraine. It is noted that the development of legal regulation along these vectors will contribute to the harmonization of goals of the waste legislation and the energy legislation.
47
Karp, I. M., i K. Ye Pyanykh. "TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY USE OF SOLID HOUSEHOLD WASTE". Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, nr 3 (20.09.2019): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2019.03.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Technological aspects of energy use of solid waste and their constituents and possibility of applying certain technologies in Ukraine are analyzed. Global trends in waste management technologies are identified. When organizing waste sorting, half of their energy potential can be used, which is estimated to be 1.5 billion m3 of natural gas equivalent in Ukraine. Share of food waste is close to 40 %. It is advisable to recycle them in biogas and biomethane mixtures with agricultural waste and energy plants. Biomethane production can be increased in several times. Electricity and heat production from biogas require government assistance in form of special tariffs. Biomethane is being used alongside natural gas in compressed and liquefied state as a motor fuel. Biogas complexes are used as balancing power of grids. The most common technology for utilizing the energy potential of municipal solid waste is incineration. Emissions systems for waste incineration plants have reached a level of perfection that allows them to be placed close to residential areas. Ref. 15, Fig. 6, Tab. 2.
48
Martins, Benedito Luiz, i Alcides Lopes Leão. "ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE ATERRO SANITÁRIO E INCINERAÇÃO PARA GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA EM PROJETO REGIONAL FORMADO POR UM CONSÓRCIO DE MUNICÍPIOS". ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 33, nr 1 (30.05.2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2018v33n1p37-44.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo sobre um projeto regional com 39 municípios para análise comparativa para destinação dos rejeitos dos resíduos sólidos urbanos em um incinerador e disposição em um aterro sanitário com captação do biogás, considerando a possibilidade de recuperação energética em ambos os sistemas, bem como a comparação com relação à emissão de gases de efeito estufa e poluentes atmosféricos. Para realização deste estudo foram adotadas as seguintes metodologias: caracterização gravimétrica das frações de resíduos sólidos produzidas na região; cálculo de captação do biogás com recuperação energética utilizando a equação elabora pelo IPCC - International Panel on Climate Change, com distribuição triangular da produção do metano gerado ao longo dos anos pela degradação lenta e rápida dos resíduos; e recuperação de energia em sistema de incineração. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema de incineração tem eficiência em 3,2 vezes maior para a produção de energia em relação ao sistema de aterro sanitário, o qual emite gases de efeito estufa 2,9 vezes mais que o sistema de incineração. A conclusão do estudo é que a incineração leva vantagem sobre o aterro sanitário na gestão de resíduos sólidos, porque gera mais energia elétrica, emite menos gases de efeito estufa, utiliza menos área física de terra e, por ser um sistema fechado e estanque apresenta melhores condições para mitigação dos impactos ambientais negativos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Resíduos sólidos. Destinação. Disposição. Aterro sanitário. Incineração. Energia. Sustentabilidade. COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SANITARY LANDFILL AND INCINERATION FOR ENERGY GENERATION IN A REGIONAL PROJECT FORMED BY A CONSORTIUM OF MUNICIPALITIESABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to carry out a comparative study between sanitary landfill and incineration of urban solid waste, considering the possibility of energy recovery, as well as to compare both systems greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutant emissions. This study was done within a regional cooperative project among 39 municipalities of central São Paulo State. The following methodologies were adopted: gravimetric characterization of solid waste fractions produced in the region; biogas capture with energy recovery using the equation elaborated by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), with a triangular distribution of the methane production generated over the years by the slow and rapid waste degradation of the wastes; and energy recovery in incineration system. The results showed that the incineration system is 3.2 times more efficient for energy production than the landfill system, which emits greenhouse gases 2.9 times more than the incineration system. The conclusion of the study is that incineration takes advantage of landfill in solid waste management, because it generates more electricity, emits less greenhouse gases, uses less physical land area and, because it is a closed and watertight system, presents better conditions for mitigation of negative environmental impacts. KEYWORDS: Solid waste. Destination. Disposition. Landfill. Incineration. Energy. Sustainability.
49
Kang, Seongmin, Changsang Cho, Ki-Hyun Kim i Eui-chan Jeon. "Fossil Carbon Fraction and Measuring Cycle for Sewage Sludge Waste Incineration". Sustainability 10, nr 8 (7.08.2018): 2790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082790.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this study, the fossil carbon contents of the two facilities were analyzed using 10 or more samples for each facility from June 2013 to March 2015. In addition, the optimal measurement period was calculated from the analyzed fossil carbon contents using a statistical method. As a result of the analysis, the fossil carbon contents were found to be less than 35%, indicating that the biomass content of sewage sludge was not 100%. The fossil carbon content could be representative of using yearly period measurements value. When calculating Green house gas (GHG) emissions from waste incineration, South Korea has been calculating only Non-CO2 emissions because it regarded the CO2 emitted in GHGs from sewage sludge (SS) incineration facilities as originating from biomass. However, biomass of the sewage sludge incineration facility is not 100%, so it is necessary to estimate the greenhouse gas emissions considering the fossil carbon content. Therefore, there is a need to increase the reliability of the greenhouse gas inventory by conducting further studies (such as CO2 concentration analysis) related to the calculation of CO2 emissions for the relevant facilities (sewage sludge incinerator).
50
Costa, R. C., i M. A. Martins. "PROTOTYPE OF A HEAT RECOVERY FOR COOLING OF GASES FROM INCINERATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE". Revista de Engenharia Térmica 13, nr 1 (30.06.2014): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v13i1.62074.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper presents the stages of development and construction of a prototype of a shell and tube heat recovery for reuse heat energy of the products generated by combustion of hazardous waste incinerator class I. The performance and energy recovered by this system were calculated. It was transported the values found for a typical plant for the incineration of 1,000 kg h-1. Thus, to preheat the combustion air and drying the waste was obtained a reduction in the consumption of LPG 46 and 45%, respectively. Considering the complexity of the process, it was found that the preheating system is simpler and can be deployed in a shorter time and lower cost when compared to a drying residue.