Artykuły w czasopismach: „Want-sets”

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Smith, Mark A. "Does Business Learn?: Tax Breaks, Uncertainty, and Political Strategies. By Sandra L. Suarez. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000. 192p. $47.50." American Political Science Review 95, nr 2 (czerwiec 2001): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055401492021.

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Sandra Suarez sets out to understand why corporations choose certain political strategies rather than others. She argues that firms want to maximize profits and recognize that politics affects their ability to do so, but they cannot easily translate their interests into concrete political strategies.

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Griffiths, Owen, i A. C. Paseau. "Ways of Being and Logicality". Journal of Philosophy 120, nr 2 (2023): 94–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jphil202312025.

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Ontological monists hold that there is only one way of being, while ontological pluralists hold that there are many; for example, concrete objects like tables and chairs exist in a different way from abstract objects like numbers and sets. Correspondingly, the monist will want the familiar existential quantifier as a primitive logical constant, whereas the pluralist will want distinct ones, such as for abstract and concrete existence. In this paper, we consider how the debate between the monist and pluralist relates to the standard test for logicality. We deploy this test and show that it favors the monist.

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G.-Tóth, Boglárka, i Vladik Kreinovich. "Verified Methods for Computing Pareto Sets: General Algorithmic Analysis". International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 19, nr 3 (1.09.2009): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-009-0031-5.

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Verified Methods for Computing Pareto Sets: General Algorithmic AnalysisIn many engineering problems, we face multi-objective optimization, with several objective functionsf1, …,fn. We want to provide the user with the Pareto set—a set of all possible solutionsxwhich cannot be improved in all categories (i.e., for whichfj(x') ≥fj(x) for alljandfj(x') >fj(x) for somejis impossible). The user should be able to select an appropriate trade-off between, say, cost and durability. We extend the general results about (verified) algorithmic computability of maxima locations to show that Pareto sets can also be computed.

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Alaeiyan, Mehdi, i Saeid Mohammadian. "Graph Polynomials". ISRN Algebra 2011 (25.08.2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/193560.

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One of the most important and applied concepts in graph theory is to find the edge cover, vertex cover, and dominating sets with minimum cardinal also to find independence and matching sets with maximum cardinal and their polynomials. Although there exist some algorithms for finding some of them (Kuhn and Wattenhofer, 2003; and Mihelic and Robic, 2005), but in this paper we want to study all of these concepts from viewpoint linear and binary programming and we compute the coefficients of the polynomials by solving a system of linear equations with variables.

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Helmbold, Bruce. "Words We Would Want: Comparison of Three Pre-programmed Vocabulary Sets With Frequently Used Words in English". Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 17, nr 4 (grudzień 2008): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac17.4.156.

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Abstract In this descriptive study, three pre-programmed vocabulary sets—Picture WordPower 45 location (Inman Innovations), Unity 45 Full vs. 4.06 (Prentke-Romich Company), and Gateway 60 vs. 1.06.18 (Dynavox Technologies)—were examined for word-based vocabulary content and keystrokes per word. The vocabulary contents of the each set were then compared to the thousand most common words as identified by two different listings apiece, that published in Word Frequencies in Written and Spoken English based on the British National Corpus (BNC), and Wiktionary TV/Movie Frequency Lists (2006). The pre-programmed vocabulary set best representing these frequency lists was Unity 45 Full, followed by Gateway 60 and Picture WordPower. The vocabulary sets using the fewest average keystrokes per word, based on frequency lists, were Picture WordPower and Gateway 60 followed by Unity 45 Full. Results provide an aid for evaluating the comparative merits of pre-programmed vocabulary sets, such as inclusion of frequently used English words and relative keystroke savings.

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Akser, Murat. "Diversity and Inclusion in Film, Television and Media Sector: Policy Alternatives for an Inclusive Film Industry and Training". CINEJ Cinema Journal 9, nr 1 (14.07.2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2021.414.

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This issue of CINEJ Cinema Journal observed the slow recovery from the destructive effects of COVID-19 global pandemic on filmmaking, film distribution and exhibition, and teaching film at HE institutions. One development that is on the agenda is diversity and inclusion in film industry, film education and film studies/criticism as institution. The diversity of film sets has been voiced and is gaining momentum at creative top of the line levels of director, producer and screenwriters Still obstacles remain for those who want to move from entry to mid-level both in film industry as creatives and for academics who want to enter white dominated academia.

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Wolff, Jonathan. "Rational, Fair, and Reasonable". Utilitas 8, nr 3 (listopad 1996): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800004994.

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There can be no doubt that Brian Barry has made an enormous contribution to the clarification of the ideas of justice current in contemporary political thought. In Barry's Justice as Impartiality he explicitly distinguishes and sets in competition three models of justice: justice as mutual advantage; justice as reciprocity; and justice as impartiality (the ‘rational’, ‘fair’, and ‘reasonable’ of my title), and he argues that we should prefer the last of these. What I want to do here is to consider four questions. First, what is this competition a competition about? Second, has Barry adequately characterized the contenders? Third, can the competition be won on the grounds Barry suggests? Fourth, is it a competition that we should want to be won by a single theory? By contrast I want to argue that there are advantages in retaining a pluralist perspective in which all three approaches remain in play.

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Byrne, Chris. "Emotional Engineering". International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 2, nr 2 (29.12.2013): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v2i2.5105.

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I want to talk about emotions. Well, I don’t really want to. Frankly, not having to deal with emotions was one of the attributes of engineering that attracted me to this field of study. I liked keeping interactions on an intellectual level. Answers to Math and Physics homework sets were cut and dried and the odd numbered ones could be found in the back of the book. There was security in knowing the right answer. However, despite the promise of clarity, even as an engineer, I found questions finding their way in, or their way out, questions that were rooted in my emotional landscape. Is this all there is? What do I want my life to be about? How am I making the world a better place by the work that I do? These weren’t academic questions for me; they were soul searching questions that challenged the core of my identity. Could I be an engineer and be whole, whatever that might mean? I’m proud of the work I have done to become an engineer, but there is something missing.

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SCHREIBER, THOMAS. "EFFICIENT NEIGHBOR SEARCHING IN NONLINEAR TIME SERIES ANALYSIS". International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 05, nr 02 (kwiecień 1995): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127495000296.

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We want to encourage the use of fast algorithms to find nearest neighbors in k-dimensional space. We review methods which are particularly useful for the study of time-series data from chaotic systems. As an example, a simple box-assisted method and possible refinements are described in some detail. The efficiency of the method is compared to the naive approach and to a multidimensional tree for some exemplary data sets.

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Kaczynski, Tomasz, Marian Mrozek i Anik Trahan. "Ideas from Zariski Topology in the Study of Cubical Homology". Canadian Journal of Mathematics 59, nr 5 (1.10.2007): 1008–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2007-043-3.

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AbstractCubical sets and their homology have been used in dynamical systems as well as in digital imaging. We take a fresh look at this topic, following Zariski ideas from algebraic geometry. The cubical topology is defined to be a topology in ℝd in which a set is closed if and only if it is cubical. This concept is a convenient frame for describing a variety of important features of cubical sets. Separation axioms which, in general, are not satisfied here, characterize exactly those pairs of points which we want to distinguish. The noetherian property guarantees the correctness of the algorithms. Moreover, maps between cubical sets which are continuous and closed with respect to the cubical topology are precisely those for whom the homology map can be defined and computed without grid subdivisions. A combinatorial version of the Vietoris–Begle theorem is derived. This theorem plays the central role in an algorithm computing homology of maps which are continuous with respect to the Euclidean topology.

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Ma, Jun, i Dong Dong Zhang. "Application of the Parallel Spatial Association Rule in Remote Sensing Data Mining". Key Engineering Materials 500 (styczeń 2012): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.500.598.

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Since the remote sensing data are multi-resources and massive, the common data mining algorithm cannot effectively discover the knowledge what people want to know. However, spatial association rule can solve the problem of inefficiency in remote sensing data mining. This paper gives an algorithm to compute the frequent item sets though a method like calculating vectors inner-product. And the algorithm will introduce pruning in the whole running. It reduces the time and resources consumption effectively

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Ivec, Ivan, i Ivana Vojnović. "Bayesian statistics approach to chess engines optimization". Acta mathematica Spalatensia 2 (1.12.2022): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32817/ams.2.5.

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We develop a new method for stochastic optimization using the Bayesian statistics approach. More precisely, we optimize parameters of chess engines as those data are available to us, but the method should apply to all situations where we want to optimize a certain gain/loss function which has no analytical form and thus cannot be measured directly but only by comparison of two parameter sets. We also experimentally compare the new method with the famous SPSA method.

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Zhang, Lin, Nan Zhen Yao i Jian Li Zhang. "Algorithm of Frequent Item Sets Mining Based on Index Table". Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (sierpień 2013): 1076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1076.

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The paper gave a new frequent item sets mining algorithm based on index table at multiple times for the Apriori algorithm scans the database which causes the I/O load is too large, and the costly problem with the Apriori algorithm which want to have a big candidate sets. The algorithm first generated a one-dimensional index table by scan the database once, and then generates a two-dimensional index table based on the one-dimensional index table. After the two-dimension index table had been generated, we can use the method similar with Floyd algorithm, which inserts the single index entry individually into the two-dimensional index table. If the count of new index value is greater than or equal to Minsuppor after the single index item had been inserted, the new index entrys Item will be a frequently item sets. After all single index entry had been inserted into the two-dimensional index table, all the index entry in the table will be the maximum frequently item sets. After analysis we can see that this algorithm has low cost and with the high accuracy than Apriori algorithm and can provide some reference for related rules.

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Ali Zubain, Nassir, i Ali Khalif Hussain. "New Types of Continuous Function and Open Function". Wasit Journal of Computer and Mathematics Science 1, nr 2 (1.08.2022): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/wjcm.vol1.iss2.35.

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In this paper, we continue to study the properties of the relation with some type of open sets, and we introduce -continuous function, semi-continuous function, -continuous function, and -continuous function are studied and some of their characteristics are discussed. In this work, we need to introduce the concepts of function, especially the inverse function to find all continuous function, so we want to prove some examples, theorems, and observations of our subject with the help of new concepts for the alpha-open sets of sums to make it easier for us to find a relationship between these formulas as well as the converse relationship has been studied and explained with illustration many examples. Hence, reaching to get a relationship (continuous, -continuous, semi -continuous) function at new condition.

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Spurrett, David. "Cui bono? Selfish goals need to pay their way". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, nr 2 (kwiecień 2014): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x1300215x.

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AbstractThe target article falls short of explaining the phenomena, including motivational conflict, that it sets out to. The two main reasons for this are: (1) It is unclear in what sense goals are “selfish”; (2) We need an account of how selfish goals motivate people. If selfish goals are not in the replication business, then what is in it for them? And if they do not offer people something that they want, how do they ever influence what people do?

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Li, Songze, Yixuan Zhang i Xueli Dong. "Provide Bitcoin's daily optimal trading strategy based on LSTM". Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 5 (16.02.2023): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v5i.5254.

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The purpose of this report is to develop a model that gives the best daily trading strategy based only on the price data before the day. We want to provide traders with strategies that will enable them to maximize their returns.we first utilize the LSTM time series neural network model using the first 956 data sets are used for training , and the subsequent 300 test sets are used to evaluate the model accuracy, calculate the prediction error and word comparison plots, and assess the difference between the prediction performance of the model and the actual value,This method has a better credibility. Finally, based on this model, we construct the optimal trading strategy model with the maximum value of total assets held as the objective function, add constraints, and finally arrive at an investment value of $1000.

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Grant, Marie Clare, Robert Robergs, Marianne Findlay Baird i Julien S. Baker. "The Effect of Prior Upper Body Exercise on Subsequent Wingate Performance". BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/329328.

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It has been reported previously that the upper body musculature is continually active during high intensity cycle ergometry. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of prior upper body exercise on subsequent Wingate (WAnT) performance. Eleven recreationally active males (20.8 ± 2.2 yrs; 77.7 ± 12.0 kg; 1.79 ± 0.04 m) completed two trials in a randomised order. In one trial participants completed2×30 s WAnT tests (WAnT1 and WAnT2) with a 6 min recovery period; in the other trial, this protocol was preceded with 4 sets of biceps curls to induce localised arm fatigue. Prior upper body exercise was found to have a statistically significant detrimental effect on peak power output (PPO) during WAnT1(P<0.05)but no effect was observed for mean power output (MPO)(P>0.05). Handgrip (HG) strength was also found to be significantly lower following the upper body exercise. These results demonstrate that the upper body is meaningfully involved in the generation of leg power during intense cycling.

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Gamal, Abduallah, i Nehal Nabil Mostafa. "Sustainable Supplier Selection using Neutrosophic Sets and MCDM Framework". Neutrosophic and Information Fusion 1, nr 1 (2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/nif.010103.

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Because of stricter rules from the government and growing awareness among the general public, sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) performs a significant role in the management of firm manufacturing operations. Companies that want to promote sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) must first choose the most suitable sustainable supplier, which is a MCDM dilemma, as highlighted in a number of research studies. In addition, because of their limited expertise, those who make decisions have a propensity to convey their opinions via the use of language phrases. The purpose of this work is to report on a unique MCDM model for the choice of sustainable suppliers. This approach integrates the MCDM MABAC method inside an uncertain language situation. With the assistance of uncertain linguistic sets, the neutrosophic sets used to overcome these uncertainty. When it comes to generating the ranking of possible suppliers, the MABAC is dependable and easy to understand. In conclusion, an iron maker is used as an example to illustrate the practicability and efficacy of the suggested strategy for the selection of sustainable suppliers.

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Berger, Iris. "From the Publications Chair". Journal of Childhood Studies 36, nr 2 (30.12.2011): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/jcs.v36i2.15104.

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On the (Complex) Topic of Chidren's RightsThe Convention on the Rights of the Child sets out the rights that must be realized for children to develop their full potential, free from hunger and want, neglect and abuse. It reflects a new vision of the child. Children are neither the property of their parents nor are they helpless objects of charity. They are human beings and are the subject of their own rights (UNICEFF statement regard-ing the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,http://www.unicef.org/crc/index_protect-ing.html).

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Lazzati, Natalia. "Codiffusion of Technologies in Social Networks". American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 12, nr 4 (1.11.2020): 193–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20180220.

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This paper studies the diffusion process of two complementary technologies among people who are connected through a social network. It characterizes adoption rates over time for different initial allocations and network structures. In doing so, we provide some microfoundations for the stochastic formation of consideration sets. We are particularly interested in the following question: suppose we want to maximize technology diffusion and have a limited number of units of each of the two technologies to initially distribute—how should we allocate these units among people in the social network? (JEL D83, O33, Z13)

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Zimeras, Stelios. "Exploratory Point Pattern Analysis for Modeling Biological Data". International Journal of Systems Biology and Biomedical Technologies 2, nr 1 (styczeń 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsbbt.2013010101.

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Data in the form of sets of points, irregular distributed in a region of space could be identified in varies biological applications for examples the cell nuclei in a microscope section of tissue. These kinds of data sets are defined as spatial point patterns and the presentation of the positions in the space are defined as points. The spatial pattern generated by a biological process, can be affected by the physical scale on which the process is observed. With these spatial maps, the biologists will usually want a detailed description of the observed patterns. One way to achieve this is by forming a parametric stochastic model and fitting it to the data. The estimated values of the parameters could be used to compare similar data sets providing statistical measures for fitting models. Also a fitted model can provide an explanation of the biological processes. Model fitting especially for large data sets is difficult. For that reason, statistical methods can apply with main purpose to formulate a hypothesis for the implementation of biological process. Spatial statistics could be implemented using advance statistical techniques that explicitly analyses and simulates point structures data sets. Typically spatial point patterns are data that explain the location of point events. The author’s interest is the investigation of the significance of these patterns. In this work, an investigation of biological spatial data is analyzed, using advance statistical modeling techniques like kriging.

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Debnath, Sumit Kumar. "Provably Secure Private Set Intersection With Constant Communication Complexity". International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 9, nr 2 (kwiecień 2019): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2019040104.

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Electronic information is increasingly shared among unreliable entities. In this context, one interesting problem involves two parties that secretly want to determine an intersection of their respective private data sets while none of them wish to disclose the whole set to the other. One can adopt a Private Set Intersection (PSI) protocol to address this problem preserving the associated security and privacy issues. In this article, the authors present the first PSI protocol that incurs constant (p(k)) communication complexity with linear computation overhead and is fast even for the case of large input sets, where p(k) is a polynomial in security parameter k. Security of this scheme is proven in the standard model against semi-honest entities. The authors combine somewhere statistically binding (SSB) hash function with indistinguishability obfuscation (iO) and space-efficient probabilistic data structure Bloom filter to design the scheme.

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Schneirov, Richard. "UNCOVERING THE CONTRADICTIONS IN SAMUEL GOMPERS'S “MORE”: READING “WHAT DOES LABOR WANT?”". Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 18, nr 1 (styczeń 2019): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781418000567.

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Samuel Gompers's address at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago is typically remembered for its invocation, “we want ‘more.’” This essay views Gompers's address in its broader context as a window into the Gilded Age labor movement and America's crisis of the 1890s. Gompers's thinking can be understood in terms of two sets of contradictory discourses or antinomies: labor republicanism as distinguished from socialism and apocalyptic change as distinguished from evolutionary development. Rather than someone who rationalized the interests of a narrow stratum of craft workers, Gompers emerges from this analysis as a serious and complex thinker who sought to bridge and contain divergent discourses and political tendencies within the broader labor movement for which he was the spokesperson.

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RAZZAQUE, ABDUR. "PREFERENCE FOR CHILDREN AND SUBSEQUENT FERTILITY IN MATLAB: DOES WIFE-HUSBAND AGREEMENT MATTER?" Journal of Biosocial Science 31, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932099000176.

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This study examines wife–husband preference for children and subsequent fertility for a period of 5 years in the treatment and comparison areas of Matlab, Bangladesh. The two data sets used were: the In-depth Survey (1984) and the Demographic Surveillance System (1984–89). In the case of wives' preferences for children, subsequent childbearing was 13·8% higher than desired in the treatment area and 44·7% higher than desired in the comparison area. After controlling for all variables in the model, the likelihood of giving birth was 1·78 times higher for wives who wanted no more children, but whose husbands did want more, compared with couples where neither husband nor wife wanted more children. For couples where the wife wanted more, but the husband did not want more children, the likelihood of giving birth was 0·63 times that of couples where both the husband and wife wanted more children. This finding suggests that to enhance the decline in fertility in these two areas of Matlab, it will be necessary to motivate both wives and husbands to cease childbearing.

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Glied, Sherry A. "Challenges and Options for Increasing the Number of Americans with Health Insurance". INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 38, nr 2 (maj 2001): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_38.2.90.

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This paper provides an overview of the issues confronting policymakers who want to develop programs to help working Americans obtain health insurance. It sets the stage for the following 10 articles, which detail a variety of proposals to offer subsidies and financial incentives to people so they will purchase health coverage. This paper examines challenges to covering the uninsured, describes principles that should be used in assessing policy proposals aimed at this purpose, and evaluates the main strategies for coverage expansions. The evaluation of proposal categories also provides estimates of the costs and consequences of specific proposals described in the other papers.

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BAIOCCHI, C., i G. SAVARÉ. "SINGULAR PERTURBATION AND INTERPOLATION". Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 04, nr 04 (sierpień 1994): 557–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202594000315.

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It is well known that the rate of convergence of the solution uε of a singular perturbed problem to the solution u of the unperturbed equation can be measured in terms of the “smoothness” of u; smoothness which, in turn, can be expressed in terms of linear interpolation theory. We want to prove a closer relationship between interpolation and singular perturbations, showing that interpolate spaces can be characterized by such a rate of convergence. Furthermore, with respect to a suitable (quite natural) definition of interpolation between convex sets, such a characterization holds true also in the framework of variational inequalities.

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Liu, Xiaofei, Peiyin Xing i Weidong Li. "Approximation Algorithms for the Submodular Load Balancing with Submodular Penalties". Mathematics 8, nr 10 (15.10.2020): 1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8101785.

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In this paper, we study the submodular load balancing problem with submodular penalties. The objective of this problem is to balance the load among sets, while some elements can be rejected by paying some penalties. Officially, given an element set V, we want to find a subset R of rejected elements, and assign other elements to one of m sets A1,A2,⋯,Am. The objective is to minimize the sum of the maximum load among A1,A2,⋯,Am and the rejection penalty of R, where the load and rejection penalty are determined by different submodular functions. We study the submodular load balancing problem with submodular penalties under two settings: heterogenous setting (load functions are not identical) and homogenous setting (load functions are identical). Moreover, we design a Lovász rounding algorithm achieving a worst-case guarantee of m+1 under the heterogenous setting and a min{m,⌈nm⌉+1}=O(n)-approximation combinatorial algorithm under the homogenous setting.

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COLLOBERT, RONAN, YOSHUA BENGIO i SAMY BENGIO. "SCALING LARGE LEARNING PROBLEMS WITH HARD PARALLEL MIXTURES". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 17, nr 03 (maj 2003): 349–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001403002411.

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A challenge for statistical learning is to deal with large data sets, e.g. in data mining. The training time of ordinary Support Vector Machines is at least quadratic, which raises a serious research challenge if we want to deal with data sets of millions of examples. We propose a "hard parallelizable mixture" methodology which yields significantly reduced training time through modularization and parallelization: the training data is iteratively partitioned by a "gater" model in such a way that it becomes easy to learn an "expert" model separately in each region of the partition. A probabilistic extension and the use of a set of generative models allows representing the gater so that all pieces of the model are locally trained. For SVMs, time complexity appears empirically to local growth linearly with the number of examples, while generalization performance can be enhanced. For the probabilistic version of the algorithm, the iterative algorithm probably goes down in a cost function that is an upper bound on the negative log-likelihood.

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Denzumi, Shuhei, Jun Kawahara, Koji Tsuda, Hiroki Arimura, Shin-ichi Minato i Kunihiko Sadakane. "DenseZDD: A Compact and Fast Index for Families of Sets". Algorithms 11, nr 8 (17.08.2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a11080128.

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In this article, we propose a succinct data structure of zero-suppressed binary decision diagrams (ZDDs). A ZDD represents sets of combinations efficiently and we can perform various set operations on the ZDD without explicitly extracting combinations. Thanks to these features, ZDDs have been applied to web information retrieval, information integration, and data mining. However, to support rich manipulation of sets of combinations and update ZDDs in the future, ZDDs need too much space, which means that there is still room to be compressed. The paper introduces a new succinct data structure, called DenseZDD, for further compressing a ZDD when we do not need to conduct set operations on the ZDD but want to examine whether a given set is included in the family represented by the ZDD, and count the number of elements in the family. We also propose a hybrid method, which combines DenseZDDs with ordinary ZDDs. By numerical experiments, we show that the sizes of our data structures are three times smaller than those of ordinary ZDDs, and membership operations and random sampling on DenseZDDs are about ten times and three times faster than those on ordinary ZDDs for some datasets, respectively.

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Majár, János, i Zoltán Várhelyi. "Thibault and Science I. Measure, Distances and Proportions in the Circle". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 2, nr 1 (29.10.2015): 67–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/apd-2014-003.

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In this paper we investigate the basic mathematical and philosophical tool of Gérard Thibault d’Anvers, the Circle. One of our main goals was to describe the Circle with coordinate geometry, and to estimate the rate of accuracy of his work. Furthermore, we also wanted to test the statements made by Thibault in his fencing manual, Academy of the Sword [Thibault, 1630; Greer, 2005]. To do this, we compared his observations and calculations with the results of available modern day and historical anthropometrical data sets. Based on our results, we also want to give some practical information about Thibault system for the fencers who study his art in our time.

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Pien, Lee Siew. "Childrenâ€™s Experiences in Health Care Decisions: An Overview". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARE SCHOLARS 1, nr 2 (31.07.2018): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/ijcs.v1i2.86.

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This article attempts to provide an overview of issues related to childrenâ€™s participation in decisions relating to health care. It sets the discussion in the context of current debate about childrenâ€™s participation in health care decisions and explores the extent to which children want to participate in the decision. This article concludes that children mostly occupy a minimal role in communication and decisions regarding their care. The patterns of participation of children in communication and decisions are different and fluctuate between the children and within the same child throughout their hospitalisation, depending on the participating child, their preferences, and requirements at a particular time.

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Lukic, Jonathan. "Semantische Aspekte pluraler prädikatenlogischer Sprachen". KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 29, nr 1 (1.01.2015): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/krt-2015-290107.

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Abstract Plural constructions in mathematical speech are no rarity. E.g., when we want to say that the real numbers are the basis on which we construct Calculus (cf. [16], p. 6), and that the integers are an integral domain (cf. [14], p. 237), we are not talking about one thing, namely the set of the real numbers and the set of the integers, respectively, but we are talking about several things, namely the real numbers and the integers, respectively. In the present paper, we introduce a semantics which takes the use of plural constructions in mathematical speech as a basis and thus avoids sets and attributes.

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33

Waitz, Martin, i Andreas Mild. "IMPROVING FORECASTING ACCURACY IN CORPORATE PREDICTION MARKETS – A CASE STUDY IN THE AUSTRIAN MOBILE COMMUNICATION INDUSTRY". Journal of Prediction Markets 3, nr 3 (17.12.2012): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/jpm.v3i3.467.

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Corporate prediction markets forecast business issues like market shares, sales volumes or the success rates of new product developments. The improvement of its accuracy is a major topic in prediction market research. Mostly, such markets are using a continuous double auction market mechanism. We propose a method that aggregates the data provided by such a prediction market in a different way by only accounting for the most knowledgeable market participants. We demonstrate its predictive ability with a real world experiment.We want to thank Günter Fädler from pro:kons, an Austrian provider of prediction markets, for his support and providing us with the data sets used in this paper.

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34

Majár, János, i Zoltán Várhelyi. "Thibault and Science I. Measure, Distances and Proportions in the Circle". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 2015, nr 2 (1.10.2015): 150–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apd-2015-0014.

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Abstract In this paper we investigate the basic mathematical and philosophical tool of Gérard Thibault d’Anvers, the Circle. One of our main goals was to describe the Circle with coordinate geometry, and to estimate the rate of accuracy of his work. Furthermore, we also wanted to test the statements made by Thibault in his fencing manual, Academy of the Sword [Thibault, 1630; Greer, 2005]. To do this, we compared his observations and calculations with the results of available modern day and historical anthropometrical data sets. Based on our results, we also want to give some practical information about Thibault system for the fencers who study his art in our time.

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35

Vromen, Jack J. "The booming economics-made-fun genre: more than having fun, but less than economics imperialism". Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics 2, nr 1 (13.09.2009): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v2i1.25.

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Over the last few years there seems to have been a sharp increase in the number of books that want to spread the news that economics is, or at least can be, fun. This paper sets out to explain in what senses economics is supposed to be fun. In particular, the books in what I will call the economics-made-fun genre will be compared first with papers and books written by economists with the explicit intent of making fun of economics. Subsequently, it will be examined whether or not it makes sense to accuse books in the economics-made-fun genre of economics imperialism, as some commentators have recently done.

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36

Pak, Sunghee. "Dystopia in Disguise: Disintegrated Societies in Manjula Padmanabhan's Harvest and Lights Out". CEA Critic 85, nr 2 (lipiec 2023): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cea.2023.a901809.

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Abstract: The two worlds created by Padmanabhan have further significance in that they demonstrate how dystopia is embedded in reality, making it more relevant to the contemporary audience. Harvest sets itself up as a fictional dystopia while keeping enough reality for the contemporaries to recognize; Lights Out , on the contrary, begins as a realistic drawing room drama that initiates itself from a social incident, but reaches out to include dystopian qualities bad enough for the audience to want to deny its practicality. … Although by definition neither utopia nor dystopia can exist, Padmanabhan's depiction of dystopian societies that touch the quotidian life strengthens her commentary and critique on the existing world.

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Palme, Ulrika, i Anne-Marie Tillman. "Sustainable urban water systems in indicators: researchers' recommendations versus practice in Swedish utilities". Water Policy 11, nr 2 (1.04.2009): 250–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.013.

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Sustainable development indicators (SDIs) are frequently recommended as tools for supporting sustainable development. The scientific community has made numerous suggestions regarding SDIs for urban water systems, but few studies have examined what information other actors consider important. This paper examines, based on literature and field studies of Swedish water organizations, what sets of SDIs are considered important, in terms of information content by researchers, sector associations and practitioners. Furthermore, the paper investigates how preferred SDI content relates to these actors' conceptions of sustainable development (SD) and what happens when sender and receiver disagree on what information should be captured in SDIs and exchanged. The results indicate that what SDI content is considered important reflects the conception of SD. Different conceptions of SD and the consequent differences in preferred SDIs contribute to a mismatch between the information that senders want to convey to receivers and the information the latter actually want. In such instances it was the receivers who determined what information was, in fact, exchanged. A prerequisite for meaningful application of SDIs in the Swedish water sector is to identify processes that can contribute to an increased pull for sustainability information, particularly so among its decision makers.

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Luo, Xuan, Jian Pei, Zicun Cong i Cheng Xu. "On shapley value in data assemblage under independent utility". Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, nr 11 (lipiec 2022): 2761–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3551793.3551829.

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In many applications, an organization may want to acquire data from many data owners. Data marketplaces allow data owners to produce data assemblage needed by data buyers through coalition. To encourage coalitions to produce data, it is critical to allocate revenue to data owners in a fair manner according to their contributions. Although in literature Shapley fairness and alternatives have been well explored to facilitate revenue allocation in data assemblage, computing exact Shapley value for many data owners and large assembled data sets through coalition remains challenging due to the combinatoric nature of Shapley value. In this paper, we explore the decomposability of utility in data assemblage by formulating the independent utility assumption. We argue that independent utility enjoys many applications. Moreover, we identify interesting properties of independent utility and develop fast computation techniques for exact Shapley value under independent utility. Our experimental results on a series of benchmark data sets show that our new approach not only guarantees the exactness of Shapley value, but also achieves faster computation by orders of magnitudes.

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39

Parris, Denise Linda, i Cecilia McInnis-Bowers. "Business Not as Usual: Developing Socially Conscious Entrepreneurs and Intrapreneurs". Journal of Management Education 41, nr 5 (14.07.2017): 687–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562917720709.

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Our objective was to design an introductory business course to shape the mind-sets and skill sets of the next generation of socially conscious practitioners—to help students develop a sense of self-efficacy built on the confidence that they can make a positive impact on the world using entrepreneurial thinking and action. Essentially, the focus was to develop an introductory business course that would encourage and enable students to understand that business can be a force for good (sustainability and social impact) and to practice collaborative innovation (human-centered design thinking). The overarching design principle was business not as usual, which embraced four themes: (a) sustainability and social entrepreneurship, (b) collaborative innovation, (c) entrepreneurial thinking and action, and (d) self-authorship. We provide an overview of the course modules and their respective learning outcomes along with details of course content and activities to ensure transferability. A concluding discussion shares the impact on students and the challenges of success. We highlight how course design can be a catalyst to enable students to be the change they want to see in the world.

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40

Pop, Petrică Claudiu, Ioana Zelina, Vasile Lupşe, Corina Pop Sitar i Camelia Chira. "Heuristic Algorithms for Solving the Generalized Vehicle Routing Problem". International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 6, nr 1 (1.03.2011): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2011.1.2210.

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The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is one of the most famous combinatorial optimization problems and has been intensively studied due to the many practical applications in the field of distribution, collection, logistics, etc. We study a generalization of the VRP called the generalized vehicle routing problem (GVRP) where given a partition of the nodes of the graph into node sets we want to find the optimal routes from the given depot to the number of predefined clusters which include exactly one node from each cluster. The purpose of this paper is to present heuristic algorithms to solve this problem approximately. We present constructive algorithms and local search algorithms for solving the generalized vehicle routing problem.

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41

Annett, Michelle K., i Walter F. Bischof. "Investigating the Application of Virtual Reality Systems to Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research". Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 19, nr 2 (1.04.2010): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.19.2.131.

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With interest in virtual reality (VR) technologies, techniques, and devices growing at a quick pace, many researchers in areas such as psychology or cognitive neuroscience want to use VR. The software and VR systems available today do not support the skill sets or experimental requirements of this group of users. We describe a number of concerns and requirements that researchers express and focus on the extent to which today's VR systems support non-VR experts. The work then concludes with a number of suggestions and potential development avenues that should be undertaken to ensure that VR systems are usable by a large range of researchers, regardless of their programming skills or technical backgrounds.

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42

Perfetto, Eleanor M., Suz Schrandt, Omar A. Escontrías i Laurie B. Burke. "Patient-Centered Core Impacts Sets (PC-CIS): What They Are and What They Are Not". INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 14, nr 1 (24.02.2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v14i1.5264.

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Letter to the Editor We are writing regarding the Innovations in Pharmacy commentary entitled, “Evidentiary Standards for Patient-Centered Core Impact Value Claims.”(1) We thank Dr. Langley for commenting on the National Health Council’s work on patient-centered core impact sets (PC-CIS), an initiative spearheaded by the nonprofit organization and its membership with multi-stakeholder representation and input.(2-4) While we have tried to be clear and transparent about the intent of PC-CIS, the commentary made it apparent to us we need to (and will) do more to be explicit about what a PC-CIS is and is not, and its possible downstream uses. We believe the PC-CIS concept was misrepresented in the commentary and want to provide clarification for readers so they can consider the merits of the initiative for themselves.

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43

Lane, Harlan, i Benjamin Bahan. "Article Commentary: Ethics of cochlear implantation in young children: A review and reply from a Deaf-World perspective". Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 119, nr 4 (październik 1998): 297–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(98)70070-1.

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This article examines ethical dilemmas related to cochlear implant surgery in children. These dilemmas arise from the existence of a linguistic and cultural minority called the Deaf World. Organizations of culturally Deaf adults in the United States and abroad, as well as the World Federation of the Deaf, have, on ethical grounds, strongly criticized the practice of cochlear implant surgery in children. Three ethical dilemmas are examined. (1) The surgery is of unproven value for the main significant benefit sought, language acquisition, whereas the psychological, social, and linguistic risks have not been assessed. Thus the surgery appears to be innovative, but innovative surgery on children is ethically problematic. (2) It is now widely recognized that the signed languages of the world are full-fledged natural languages, and the communities that speak those languages have distinct social organizations and cultures. Deaf culture values lead to a different assessment of pediatric cochlear implant surgery than do mainstream (hearing) values, and both sets of values have standing. (3) The fields of otology and audiology want to provide cochlear implants to Deaf children but also, their leaders say, want to protect Deaf culture; those appear to be conflicting goals in principle because, if there were perfect implants, the ranks of the Deaf World would diminish.

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44

VELDMAN, WIM. "THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE INTUITIONISTIC BOREL HIERARCHY". Review of Symbolic Logic 2, nr 1 (marzec 2009): 30–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020309090121.

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In intuitionistic analysis, a subset of a Polish space like ℝ or ${\cal N}$ is called positively Borel if and only if it is an open subset of the space or a closed subset of the space or the result of forming either the countable union or the countable intersection of an infinite sequence of (earlier constructed) positively Borel subsets of the space. The operation of taking the complement is absent from this inductive definition, and, in fact, the complement of a positively Borel set is not always positively Borel itself (see Veldman, 2008a). The main result of Veldman (2008a) is that, assuming Brouwer's Continuity Principle and an Axiom of Countable Choice, one may prove that the hierarchy formed by the positively Borel sets is genuinely growing: every level of the hierarchy contains sets that do not occur at any lower level. The purpose of the present paper is a different one: we want to explore the truly remarkable fine structure of the hierarchy. Brouwer's Continuity Principle again is our main tool. A second axiom proposed by Brouwer, his Thesis on Bars is also used, but only incidentally.

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45

Gerpott, Torsten J. "A review of the empirical literature on Pay-What-You-Want price setting". Management & Marketing 11, nr 4 (1.12.2016): 566–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmcks-2016-0017.

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Abstract In a Pay What You Want (PWYW) setting companies empower their customers to fix the prices buyers voluntarily pay for a delivered product or service. The seller agrees to any price (including zero) customers are paying. For about ten years researchers empirically investigate customer reactions to and economic outcomes of this pricing method. The present paper distinguishes PWYW from other voluntary payment mechanisms and reviews 72 English- or German-speaking PWYW publications, which appeared between January 2006 and September 2016 and contain 97 independent empirical data sets. Prior PWYW research is structured with the help of a conceptual framework which incorporates payment procedure design, buyer, seller, focal sales object and market context characteristics as factors potentially influencing customer perceptions of the PWYW scheme and their behavioral reactions to PWYW offers. The review discusses both consistent key findings as well as contradictory results and derives recommendations for future empirical PWYW research efforts.

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46

Ghasemi, Reza, Samuel Morillas, Ahmad Nezakati i Mohammadreza Rabiei. "Image Noise Reduction by Means of Bootstrapping-Based Fuzzy Numbers". Applied Sciences 12, nr 19 (21.09.2022): 9445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199445.

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Removing or reducing noise in color images is one of the most important functions of image processing, which is used in many sciences. In many cases, nonlinear methods significantly reduce the noise in the image and are widely used today. One of these methods is the use of fuzzy logic. In this paper, we want to introduce a fuzzy filter by using the fuzzy metric for fuzzy sets. For this purpose, we define fuzzy color pixels by using the mean of neighborhoods. Due to the noise in the image, we use the bootstrap resampling method to reduce the effect of outliers. The concept of the strong law of large numbers for the bootstrap mean in fuzzy metric space helps us to use the resampling method.

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Chitturi, Pallavi, i Alexandra Carides. "Experimental design issues in choice-based conjoint applied to patient choice in healthcare". Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 9, nr 2 (styczeń 2020): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2019-0115.

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Choice-based conjoint (CBC) is used to understand how individuals develop preferences for decision alternatives. When decision alternatives can be described in terms of attributes, researchers want to determine the value respondents attach to various attribute levels. Popular in psychology, marketing, economics and other areas, CBC is now finding applications in healthcare to understand patient choice in healthcare policy, drug development, doctor–patient communications, etc. However, a lack of standard methodologies has served as a barrier to its use in healthcare. Therefore, there is a need to identify good research practices for CBC in healthcare. We review recent advances in CBC such as Pareto optimal choice sets, information per profile and reducing choice set sizes, as applied to patient choice.

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Hendley, Robert J., Barry Wilkins i Russell Beale. "Organix". International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 1, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcicg.2010010104.

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This article presents a mechanism for generating visually appealing but also effective representations for document visualisation. The mechanism is based on an organic growth model which is driven by features of the object to be visualised. In the examples used, the authors focus on the visualisation of text documents, but the methods are readily transferable to other domains. They are also scaleable to documents of any size.The objective of this research is to build visual representations that enable the human visual system to efficiently and effectively recognise documents without the need for higher level cognitive processing. In particular, the authors want the user to be able to recognise similarities within sets of documents and to be able to easily discriminate between dissimilar objects.

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Delaere, Isabelle, i Gert De Sutter. "Applying a multidimensional, register-sensitive approach to visualize normalization in translated and non-translated Dutch". Interference and normalization in genre-controlled multilingual corpora 27 (15.11.2013): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.27.03del.

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In this paper we investigate the differences in risk-averse behavior in translated versus non-translated texts by comparing lexical normalization in various registers of translated and non-translated Dutch. We want to verify: (i) to what extent normalization is register dependent; (ii) whether normalizing behavior is similar in translated and non-translated texts of the same register, and (iii) to what extent normalization is source-language dependent. We relied on the Dutch Parallel Corpus to investigate the dispersion of 10 profiles, i.e. sets of synonymous lexical alternatives consisting of a Standard Dutch and a Belgian Standard Dutch alternative. Using an exploratory, multivariate technique we visualized and measured the degrees to which a number of registers of translated and non-translated Dutch conform to linguistic norms.

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Wu, Xin, Yun Zhang, Shuang Lin i Yu Zhong. "A Novel Definition of Fuzzy Difference on Non-increasing Fuzzy Real Numbers". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2449, nr 1 (1.03.2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2449/1/012003.

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Abstract In this paper, firstly, a novel definition of a fuzzy difference based on non-increasing fuzzy real numbers is introduced, which is different from the previous definitions by using fuzzy interval-numbers and Zadeh’s extension principle. Then we give some important conclusions of fuzzy difference from the view of two cuts of fuzzy sets. Moreover, a definition of a opposite fuzzy real number is given so that we show the connection between the fuzzy difference and fuzzy addition on fuzzy real numbers. Finally, we provide several examples for the sake of illustrating the fuzzy difference on non-increasing fuzzy real numbers is reasonable generalization of classical difference. In addition, we give the prospect that we want to use this difference to research fuzzy derivatives.

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