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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Voluntary childlessness”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 kwietnia 2022

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1

Garncarek, Emilia. "Voluntarily childless men: socio-cultural reasons why young Poles are not assuming a parental role". Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej 18, nr 1 (28.02.2022): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.18.1.06.

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The author explores the phenomenon of voluntary childlessness in Poland. She presents the results of her own research as part of a broader analysis of the issue of intentional childlessness. The focus of the article is on the reasons why men do not take on a parental role. The first part of the article covers the socio-cultural context of the research into voluntary childlessness, while the second part discusses the results of qualitative research conducted using, among other things, focus group and in-depth interviews with voluntarily childless men. It shows the reasons why men do not assume a parental role and the types of male childlessness by choice.

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Avison, Margaret, i Adrian Furnham. "Personality and voluntary childlessness". Journal of Population Research 32, nr 1 (11.01.2015): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12546-014-9140-6.

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Gobbi, Paula E. "A model of voluntary childlessness". Journal of Population Economics 26, nr 3 (10.11.2012): 963–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-012-0457-1.

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Gouni, Olga, Gabija Jarašiūnaitė-Fedosejeva, Burcu Kömürcü Akik, Annaleena Holopainen i Jean Calleja-Agius. "Childlessness: Concept Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 3 (27.01.2022): 1464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031464.

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The purpose of this concept analysis is to explore childlessness and provide understanding to professionals involved in the field of infertility. Walker and Avant’s method was used to identify descriptions, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of the concept. A model with related and contrary cases was developed. The analysis was based on the definition of the term in major dictionaries in the Greek, Lithuanian, Finnish, Maltese, and Turkish languages, while further literature searches utilized the Web of Science, PubMed, PsychInfo, Medline, Google Scholar, and National Thesis Databases. The literature search was limited to papers/books published in the authors’ national languages and English. As a result, childlessness is defined as the absence of children in the life of an individual, and this can be voluntary or involuntary. However, the deeper analysis of the concept may be preceded and amplified through cultural, psychological, biological, philosophical, theological, sociological, anthropological, and linguistic aspects throughout history. These elements presented challenges for childless individuals, ultimately influencing their choices to resort to alternative ways of becoming parents, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), surrogacy, adoption, or other forms of childbearing. Historically, childlessness has been viewed with negative connotations due to its potential impact on the survival of the human species. This negativity can be directed even to individuals who may decide to opt to voluntarily remain childfree. The long-term impact of the experience, both on an individual and collective level, continues to cause pain to those who are involuntarily childless. In conclusion, health professionals and other stakeholders who have a deep understanding of childlessness, including the antecedents and attributes, can minimize the potential negative consequences of those factors contributing to childlessness, whether voluntary or involuntary. In fact, they can capitalize on a powerful impact of change adaptation by providing support to those in their practice to recover the lost homeostasis.

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Gillespie, Rosemary. "Voluntary childlessness in the United Kingdom". Reproductive Health Matters 7, nr 13 (styczeń 1999): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-8080(99)90111-8.

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Lampman, Claudia, i Seana Dowling-Guyer. "Attitudes Toward Voluntary and Involuntary Childlessness". Basic and Applied Social Psychology 17, nr 1 (1.08.1995): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp1701&2_12.

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Lampman, Claudia, i Seana Dowling-Guyer. "Attitudes Toward Voluntary and Involuntary Childlessness". Basic and Applied Social Psychology 17, nr 1-2 (sierpień 1995): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01973533.1995.9646140.

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Bolter, Olga S. "Childless by Choice in Contemporary China: Reasons and Consequences". Oriental Courier, nr 1-2 (2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310015763-7.

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The article considers financial, social, and personal reasons for childlessness by choice among young Chinese and analyzes the consequences of such a decision. Voluntary childlessness is a new phenomenon for China that became more present even after the abolition of the one-child policy and an increase in the promotion of early marriages and childbirth. Traditional family values gradually ceased importance in society. Resembling developed Western countries, the majority of voluntary childless Chinese belongs to well-educated urban citizens who prioritize quality life and personal development over having children. However, many decide for childlessness under financial insecurity due to the high living costs in the first-and second-tier cities, lack of a developed social security system, and obligation to support elderly parents. Even though most voluntary childless are satisfied with their choice, they often feel pressured and pushed to childbirth by their families and even by the government. China is facing a growing aging population problem. Attempting to solve the emerging issue, the Party increases propaganda of childbirth, and voluntary childlessness receives more attention in society, which exerts more emotional pressure on childless Chinese, who fear additional stress and discrimination at the workplace and in personal life.

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Huang, Vivian W., Hsiu-Ju Chang, Karen I. Kroeker, Karen J. Goodman, Kathleen M. Hegadoren, Levinus A. Dieleman i Richard N. Fedorak. "Does the Level of Reproductive Knowledge Specific to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Predict Childlessness among Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?" Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 29, nr 2 (2015): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/715354.

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BACKGROUND: Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may choose to remain childless due to a lack of IBD-specific reproductive knowledge.OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of IBD-specific reproductive knowledge and discussion of family planning with a physician on childlessness among women with IBD.METHODS: Female IBD patients 18 to 45 years of age completed the Crohn’s and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge questionnaire (CCPKnow), and answered questions regarding reproductive history, plans to have children and discussion of family planning with a physician. CCPKnow scores were grouped according to poor (0 to 7), adequate (8 to 10), good (11 to 13) and very good (14 to 17).RESULTS: Of 434 eligible women, 248 (57.1%) completed the questionnaires. Of these 248 women, 51.6% were childless and, among these, 12.9% were voluntarily childless and 12.1% were trying to become pregnant. Childless women had a lower median CCPKnow score than women with children (6.0 versus 8.0; P=0.001). After adjusting for current age and marital status, each one point increase in the CCPKnow score corresponded to 8% lower odds of childlessness (OR 0.92 [95% CI 0.86 to 0.99]), 9% lower odds of voluntary child-lessness (OR 0.91 [95% CI 0.79 to 1.0]) and 20% higher odds of trying to become pregnant (OR 1.2 [95% CI 1.0 to 1.4]). Discussion of family planning with a gastroenterologist corresponded to 72% lower odds of a poor CCPKnow score (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.15 to 0.53]) and of voluntary childlessness (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.057 to 1.3]).CONCLUSION: In the present study, higher IBD-specific reproductive knowledge lowered the odds of childlessness among women with IBD. Discussion of family planning with a physician was associated with higher CCPKnow scores and lower odds of voluntary childlessness.

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Walldorf, Jens, Emilia Pijan, Robin Greinert, Anica Riesner-Wehner i Patrick Michl. "Family planning with inflammatory bowel disease: the challenge of childlessness and parent concerns". Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 59, nr 08 (18.03.2021): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1404-3610.

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Abstract Background In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diagnosis is often established at the beginning of childbearing age. Accordingly, concerns about family planning and pregnancy (FPP) are common. Poor knowledge regarding FPP might contribute to increased childlessness in patients with IBD. Methods The Crohn’s and Colitis Pregnancy Knowledge Score (CCPKnow, 17 multiple-choice questions) was translated into German and then used for a web-based survey. Childlessness was analyzed with respect to socio-demographic and disease-related information, and the knowledge (CCPKnow) and concerns of IBD patients with children were compared to those of voluntarily childless (VC) and non-voluntarily childless (NVC) IBD patients. Results Childlessness was observed in 57.4 % of the 533 participants (90.6 % women, 63.0 % Crohn’s disease, 31.5 % ulcerative colitis, mean age 33.2 ± 8.6 years), voluntary childlessness in 9 %. The mean overall CCPKnow was adequate (9.38 ± 3.96). Poor knowledge was not associated with increased childlessness (CCPKnow of < 8 was found in 29.8 % of patients with children and 28.9 % of childless patients, p > 0.5). Instead, the patients’ education, medical advice, FPP-related concerns, impaired body image, and sexual dysfunction had a significant impact on childlessness. Frequent concerns included adverse effects of the patient’s medication on their child (36 % of the respondents), malformation (33 %), miscarriage (34.5 %), and the inheritability of IBD (57 %). Conclusions Factual knowledge does not reduce disease-related concerns or childlessness. Correct but possibly bothersome information on FPP might contribute to childlessness in patients with IBD. Our findings underline the need for qualified counseling of IBD patients regarding FPP by an experienced IBD physician.

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Llewellyn, Dawn. "Maternal Silences: Motherhood and Voluntary Childlessness in Contemporary Christianity". Religion and Gender 6, nr 1 (19.02.2016): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/rg.10131.

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In Christianity, there is an ideology of motherhood that pervades scripture, ritual, and doctrine, yet there is an academic silence that means relatively little space has been given to motherhood and mothering, and even less to voluntary childlessness, from a faith perspective. By drawing on qualitative in-depth interviews with Christian women living in Britain, narrating their experiences of motherhood and voluntary childlessness, I suggest there are also lived maternal silences encountered by women in contemporary Christianity. There is a maternal expectation produced through church teaching, liturgy and culture that constructs women as ‘maternal bodies’ (Gatrell 2008); this silences and marginalises women from articulating their complex relationship with religion, motherhood, and childlessness in ways that challenge their spiritual development. However, this article also introduces the everyday and intentional tactics women employ to disrupt the maternal expectation, and hereby interrupt the maternal silence.

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Bronfman, Svetlana A. "New normativity and reproductive choice: an attempt at comprehension". Population and Economics 4, nr 4 (31.12.2020): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e58814.

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The article discusses two “special types” of reproductive choices – combating infertility through assisted reproductive technologies and voluntary childlessness. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of voluntary childlessness. Basing on the analysis of public opinion polls, reconstruction of historical realities of the second half of XX century, normogenesis studies, new psychodynamic theories of transgenerational transmission of traumatic experience, and philosophical ideas of intentionality of acceptance and hospitality, the author analyzes the existing reproductive practices in their connection with procreative norms. The reasons for the increasing spread of voluntary childlessness, according to the author of the article, are largely connected to the transgenerational transmission of experience of violence. The author’s hypothesis is based on psychodynamic ideas about transgenerational trauma and perverse maternal attitude and is that the spread of the voluntary childlessness in the generation of the 1990s may be caused by the impossibility of hospitality, acceptance, and vulnerability due to the lack of failure of the maternal functionary as a container and the lack of introjects of loving and guiding parent figures (“empty superego”). Thus, the new “shapeless” normativity, creating the illusion of “freedom to be oneself”, may prove to be a projection of a split, lifeless and empty collective unconscious superego, generated by a culture of violence that requires moral content, which has been abolished.

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Krishnan, Vijaya. "Religious Homogamy and Voluntary Childlessness in Canada". Sociological Perspectives 36, nr 1 (marzec 1993): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389443.

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Given the greater propensity of married women to choose a childless lifestyle in recent decades, it is important to understand what contributes to or deters this decision. This paper focuses on religious homogamy as a possible predictor. Data from the Canadian Fertility Survey (CFS) are used to examine the relationship between religious homogamy and voluntary childlessness in the context of several sociodemographic and economic controls. The results indicate that non-Catholic wives in homogamous marriages who attend church services frequently are less motivated to control fertility, regardless of their sociodemographic background. It may be argued that, unless more attention is devoted in the literature to various dimensions of religion, little consensus on the effect of religious factors on childlessness can be expected.

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Rapoliene, Grazina, i Lina Sumskaite. "Depiction of Childlessness in Lithuanian Mass Media from 2011–2016: A Catalyst of Modernization". Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 21, nr 3 (1.12.2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2019.3.280.

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Demographic research shows the increase of childlessness rates among women born in 1970 in comparison to those born in 1953 in Lithuania, but cultural aspects influencing reproductive behavior are under-explored. To our knowledge, the representation of childlessness in the Lithuanian mass media has not been studied yet. The aim of this article is to analyze how childlessness is depicted in the most popular mass media from 2011-2016. Our research revealed that the discourse of childlessness is undeveloped, and the depiction of voluntary childlessness is dominating. It is portrayed favorably as a modern behavior, space for which consolidation is created challenging traditional social norms. Thus Lithuanian media appear as a part of global media that promotes imitative trends of social change.

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Boyd, Robert L. "Racial Differences in Childlessness: A Centennial Review". Sociological Perspectives 32, nr 2 (czerwiec 1989): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389096.

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This article reviews black-white childlessness differences over the past century. These differences have been attributed to inequalities in social and health conditions. The historically greater rate of black childlessness has been treated as the result of pathological sterility or pregnancy loss due to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), malnutrition, and inadequate medical care. Conversely, white childlessness has been viewed as the product of decisions to be child-free, facilitated or encouraged by such things as prolonged schooling, the sex-role revolution, and effective contraception. Yet it is suggested that childlessness in both races has been shaped by the same basic factors, including social mobility, birth control, and changing family norms. Moreover, as a result of socioeconomic gains by blacks, patterns of marital childlessness by race are becoming alike, and voluntary childlessness may be growing among blacks as well as whites.

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Bahtiyar-Saygan, Bahar, i Nuray Sakallı-Uğurlu. "Development of Attitudes Toward Voluntary Childlessness Scale and Its Associations With Ambivalent Sexism in Turkey". Journal of Family Issues 40, nr 17 (5.07.2019): 2499–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19860168.

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We aimed to develop a scale about attitudes toward voluntary childlessness and explore the predictive powers of hostile/benevolent sexism, and demographic factors (age, gender, education, income, and already having a child) on the scale. Three factors ( N = 322; Mage = 32.47, SDage = 9.33) emerged: negative biases against childfree people (α = .92); necessity of children in being a family, having a happy/meaningful life (α = .94); and supporting individuals’ choice to be childless (α = .80). The scale was found to be reliable and valid. People with higher hostile/benevolent sexism had more negative bias against childfree people, perceived children as necessary to form a family and provided less support for the childlessness choice. Higher education predicted more positive attitudes toward childlessness. People already having a child perceived children necessary to be a family. Younger people tended to support childlessness choice. Gender and income did not predict the factors.

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Llewellyn, Dawn. "VOLUNTARY CHILDLESSNESS AND CHRISTIANITY: REJECTING THE SELFISH OTHER". Modern Believing 60, nr 2 (kwiecień 2019): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/mb.2019.13.

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Maura Kelly. "Women's Voluntary Childlessness: A Radical Rejection of Motherhood?" WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly 37, nr 2 (2010): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wsq.0.0164.

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Rowland, Donald T. "Historical Trends in Childlessness". Journal of Family Issues 28, nr 10 (październik 2007): 1311–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x07303823.

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Changes in the rates of childlessness over time are explored using European, Australian, American, and Japanese data from censuses, national registers, and large-scale surveys. The trends are remarkably similar across the countries for which data are available: a peak in childlessness rates for the 1880-1910 birth cohorts, a more or less continuous drop across the 1910-1945 birth cohorts, and a steady rise across the cohorts born after the Second World War. Thus, contemporary older adults (particularly the “young old”) belong to generations for which the proportions childless are near the minimum ever recorded. The article examines the factors associated with the changes in rates of childlessness, and more particularly trends in marriage (e.g., median age at marriage and the proportions marrying), trends in family formation (e.g., median age at the first birth and average family size), and the role of voluntary and involuntary factors.

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Hagymási, Krisztina, Pál Miheller i Zsolt Tulassay. "Data for the decrease of “voluntary childlessness” in inflammatory bowel disease". Orvosi Hetilap 153, nr 47 (listopad 2012): 1855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2012.29492.

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disorder affecting young adults in their reproductive years, hence its populational consequences are not negligible. While fertility in inflammatory bowel disease is the same with the general population (except for male patients with sulphasalazine treatment and females with ileum-poch anal anastomosis), “voluntary childlessness” is higher, 14–18%. Patients require accurate counseling addressing fertility, pregnancy course and outcome. They need to be informed appropriately about risks and benefits of medications in inflammatory bowel disease in order to assist their decision making, decrease “voluntary childlessness” and improve compliance. Authors review the issues related to fertility, outcome of pregnancy, medical treatment options before and during pregnancy as well as during breastfeeding in inflammatory bowel disease. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1855–1862.

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Kenkel, William F. "The Desire for Voluntary Childlessness among Low-Income Youth". Journal of Marriage and the Family 47, nr 2 (maj 1985): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/352151.

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Chancey, Laurie, i Susan A. Dumais. "Voluntary Childlessness in Marriage and Family Textbooks, 1950—2000". Journal of Family History 34, nr 2 (kwiecień 2009): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199008330733.

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Jordan, Shirley. "Voicing Voluntary Childlessness: Narratives of Non-Mothering in French". Life Writing 15, nr 4 (3.06.2017): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14484528.2017.1330647.

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Tanturri, Maria Letizia, i Letizia Mencarini. "Childless or Childfree? Paths to Voluntary Childlessness in Italy". Population and Development Review 34, nr 1 (marzec 2008): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2008.00205.x.

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Allison, Maggie. "Voicing voluntary childlessness: narratives of non-mothering in French". Modern & Contemporary France 25, nr 4 (17.08.2017): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639489.2017.1361913.

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Salyakhieva, Liliya Maratovna, i Zhanna Vladimirovna Saveleva. "Childfree as a Social Phenomenon: Russians' Attitude to Voluntary Childlessness". Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, nr 4 (30.09.2017): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i4.1144.

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Peterson, Helen. "Fifty shades of freedom. Voluntary childlessness as women's ultimate liberation". Women's Studies International Forum 53 (listopad 2015): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2014.10.017.

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Callan, Victor J. "Single women, voluntary childlessness and perceptions about life and marriage". Journal of Biosocial Science 18, nr 4 (październik 1986): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000016497.

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SummaryForty-two single women who want to be childless, eighteen who desire a one child family, and 42 who want two children responded to questions about the quality of their present lives, and nature of future marriages. The groups of women were closely matched for age and education, and on current quality of life there were few differences. They had similar levels of positive and negative affect, and described life as enjoyable, interesting and contented. Those wanting to be childless, however, rated life as less optimistic and less loving, and also as currently somewhat less satisfying, but life satisfaction was still quite high. These early deciders of childlessness, and those wanting only one child, wanted to be financially and socially more independent in future marriage-type relationships than women wanting at least two children. They also expected to follow interests and careers to their fullest, wanted more role innovative partners, and were somewhat less concerned about home ownership, living to a budget, and keeping contact with family and friends. All women placed considerable importance on the need for trust, self-disclosure and open communication in a relationship, although the voluntarily childless rated more highly the need for intellectual stimulation and for each partner to be happy about the success of their mate. Compared to women wanting two children, those wanting to be childless expected a partner to perform a wide range of non-traditional roles in the home.

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Giles, David, Rachel L. Shaw i William Morgan. "Representations of voluntary childlessness in the UK press, 1990—2008". Journal of Health Psychology 14, nr 8 (26.10.2009): 1218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105309346341.

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Marri, Sheetal R., Chul Ahn i Alan L. Buchman. "Voluntary childlessness is increased in women with inflammatory bowel disease". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 13, nr 5 (maj 2007): 591–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.20082.

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Shaw, Rachel Louise. "Women's experiential journey toward voluntary childlessness: An interpretative phenomenological analysis". Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 21, nr 2 (7.12.2010): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.1072.

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Merz, Eva-Maria, i Aart C. Liefbroer. "The Attitude Toward Voluntary Childlessness in Europe: Cultural and Institutional Explanations". Journal of Marriage and Family 74, nr 3 (24.05.2012): 587–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00972.x.

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Peterson, Helen. "Absent Non-Fathers: Gendered representations of voluntary childlessness in Swedish newspapers". Feminist Media Studies 14, nr 1 (25.04.2012): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2012.680196.

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Selinger, C., J. Ghorayeb i A. Madill. "PWE-008 Factors Associated with Voluntary Childlessness in Women with IBD". Gut 65, Suppl 1 (czerwiec 2016): A141.1—A141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312388.254.

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Ryan, Ginny L., Michelle A. Mengeling, Brenda M. Booth, James C. Torner, Craig H. Syrop i Anne G. Sadler. "Voluntary and involuntary childlessness in female veterans: associations with sexual assault". Fertility and Sterility 102, nr 2 (sierpień 2014): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.042.

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Mynarska, Monika, i Jolanta Rytel. "FROM MOTIVES THROUGH DESIRES TO INTENTIONS: INVESTIGATING THE REPRODUCTIVE CHOICES OF CHILDLESS MEN AND WOMEN IN POLAND". Journal of Biosocial Science 50, nr 3 (1.06.2017): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932017000190.

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SummaryThis study examined the potential of the theoretical model proposed by Warren Miller (the Traits/Motives–Desires–Intentions–Behaviour or TDIB model) for investigating the involuntary–voluntary childlessness continuum. The first three stages of the theoretical motivational sequence (motives to desires to intentions) were examined using a purposive sample of 314 childless Polish men and women aged 30–39 (at the time of data collection in September 2013). In Poland, this is the age range when the final decision for or against parenthood is taken. To model the motivational sequence, the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was applied. The results confirmed the hypothesized relations between the constructs for childless individuals in the analysed age group. Their childbearing desires were found to be good predictors of reproductive intentions, while negative and positive childbearing motives (independently) underpinned their desires. Moreover, positive motives appeared to have a stronger effect on desires than negative ones. The study also documented the psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of the Childbearing Questionnaire, which was originally developed by Miller to measure childbearing motives. The advantages of using this tool for investigating the involuntary–voluntary childlessness continuum are discussed. Overall, the study validated the theoretical model as well as the adaptation of the Childbearing Questionnaire in the new research context: in the new cultural setting and for examining reproductive choices of a specific subpopulation. Directions for future research that could build on the TDIB model and allow for a deeper understanding of permanent childlessness are outlined.

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Toman, Cheryl, i Marianne Golding. "Voicing Voluntary Childlessness: Voices of Non-Mothering in French by Natalie Edwards". Women in French Studies 25, nr 1 (2017): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wfs.2017.0014.

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Jacobson, Cardell K., i Tim B. Heaton. "Voluntary Childlessness Among American Men and Women in the Late 1980's". Biodemography and Social Biology 38, nr 1-2 (marzec 1991): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1991.9988773.

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Robson, Kathryn. "Voicing Voluntary Childlessness: Narratives of Non-Mothering in French. By Natalie Edwards." French Studies 72, nr 1 (25.10.2017): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knx254.

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Rijken, A. J., i E. M. Merz. "Double Standards: Differences in Norms on Voluntary Childlessness for Men and Women". European Sociological Review 30, nr 4 (26.05.2014): 470–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcu051.

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Eicher, Véronique, Richard A. Settersten, Sandra Penic, Stephanie Glaeser, Aude Martenot i Dario Spini. "Normative Climates of Parenthood across Europe: Judging Voluntary Childlessness and Working Parents". European Sociological Review 32, nr 1 (1.09.2015): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcv083.

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Bicharova, M. M., i I. V. Lebedeva. "Demographic marathon of Russia and Europe: the problems of islamisation and voluntary childlessness". CASPIAN REGION: Politics, Economics, Culture 45, nr 4 (2015): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-510x-2015-45-4-168-172.

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KOHLI, MARTIN, i MARCO ALBERTINI. "Childlessness and intergenerational transfers: what is at stake?" Ageing and Society 29, nr 8 (15.10.2009): 1171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x09990341.

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ABSTRACTIn this introductory article for the special issue onChildlessness and Intergenerational Transfers, we first discuss the prior research literature and then overview the presented contributions. Up to now, childless older adults have been treated for the most part as both homogeneous and a problematic group. This does not do justice to the different pathways to childlessness: there are those who actively forgo having children, those who defer births so long that they involuntarily become childless, and those who are not fecund or lack a partner. It also neglects the changing social profile of the childless,e.g. the shift from less educated to more highly-educated women. Most importantly, it fails to recognise what childless older people give to others. The studies presented here aim to redress these two deficits in previous research. They examine how the consequences of childlessness are mediated by the pathways to and motivations for being childless and by factors such as gender, education and marital history, and they also examine what childless older adults provide to their families and to society at large. Such adults establish strong linkages with next-of-kin relatives, invest in non-family networks, and participate in voluntary and charitable activities, and broadly do so to a greater extent than older people with surviving children.

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Latysheva, Marianna A., Zumrud Z. Suleymanova, Patimat N. Magomedova i Sergey V. Kulikov. "Psychological and pedagogical potential of life orientations of spouses with various dominant marital behavior". Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 11, nr 31 (1.10.2020): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.31.33.

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The article is devoted to the problem of transformation of family values, the emergence of new types of families in the context of modern marriage. The authors believe that in post-Soviet society in Russia, the axiological approach is the most heuristic in the study of marriage. The authors used a psychological analysis of the life-meaning orientations of spouses with a traditional type of marriage and spouses focused on voluntary childlessness. The results of the study showed that the specifics of life and life orientations of the husband and wife, their personal characteristics determine the attitudes and expectations of marital relations, the choice of the type of family. It was revealed that the life orientations of spouses who support voluntary childlessness are contradictory: men, when they are dissatisfied with their lives in the present and not confident in their abilities, focused on getting pleasure as the meaning of life here and now; and the wife, experiencing the riches of his life, demonstrating the confidence, commitment to the future, a higher meaning of life. Spouses from the traditional type of family are both happy with their lives. At the same time, husbands are characterized by an average level of meaningfulness of life, focus on the implementation of current tasks, and wives with a high sense of life are focused on the future, are confident in the possibility of building a life in accordance with their ideas about its meaning and life goals.

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Šumskaitė, Lina, i Gražina Rapolienė. "On the Margins of the Motherhood Discourse: Childlessness in Lithuanian Women’s Magazines during 1991–1996". Informacijos mokslai 86 (30.12.2019): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2019.86.30.

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Foreign scholars highlight that despite the modernization of social life, cultural attitudes towards thefamily are changing slowly, and women remain closely tied to the role of motherhood (McKennon Brody, Frey,2017). The media has the power to reflect on and change the attittudes prevailing in society, thereby reducing the stigmatizing ones. Researchers discover the domination of pronatal discourse by analyzing images of childlessness, which supports parenthood in many ways, and individuals, especially women, who do not raise children and are underestimated and often stigmatized (Gibb, 2019; Grill, 2019). In order to understand the current cultural attitudes towards childless women and to analyze changes in comparison to other countries, it is important to examine them from a historical perspective.The representation of childlessness in Lithuanian media during the last decades of the 20th century was not studied yet. The scholars (Marcinkevičienė, Praspaliauskienė, 1999; Maslauskaitė 2001; 2002) who had analyzed Lithuanian women’s magazines during the late Soviet period and after the Independence in 1990 focused mainly on the representations of familial and romantic relationships. This research, based on a qualitative content analysis of 224 articles from the most popular women’s magazines of 1991–1996, showed that sex education and abortion prevention were the prevailing topics covering the lack of public knowledge about reproductive and sexual health. The aim of the media was to consolidate motherhood as the main expression of femininity within the framewok of declining birth rates; therefore, infertility and voluntary childlessness were stigmatized.

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Poston, Dudley L. "Voluntary and involuntary childlessness among catholic and non‐catholic women: Are the patterns converging?" Social Biology 37, nr 3-4 (wrzesień 1990): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1990.9988764.

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Feng, Zhixin. "Childlessness and vulnerability of older people in China". Age and Ageing 47, nr 2 (31.10.2017): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afx137.

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Abstract Background the number of childless older people is increasing in China, but relatively little is known about the role of childlessness in health outcomes. This study investigates the relationship between childlessness and three health outcomes: difficulty with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), self-rated health and depression. Methods this study includes 13,171 individuals aged 50 and above from national survey data of the second wave of the China Family Panel Study (2012). Binary/multinomial logistic and ordinary least squares regression models are presented. Results childless individuals whose children have all died exhibit worse health outcomes than individuals with children, but this effect is influenced by demographic characteristics, socio-economic status and social security. On the other hand, individuals who are childless due to other reasons (involuntary or voluntary) are less likely to report difficulty with IADLs and to report depression than older people with all children alive after controlling for demographic and socio-economic and social security factors. Conclusions the death of a child has an adverse effect on people’s health for both childless people whose children have all died and those who have lost a child but have other children alive. These two groups are in the most vulnerable position, which could also suggest that their children have died because they grew up in a vulnerable family. The government needs to improve the social security for these two groups and provide social services (particularly mental health services) to older people who have lost a child; these could contribute to alleviating some of the adverse effects of the death of a child.

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LaMastro, Valerie. "CHILDLESS BY CHOICE? ATTRIBUTIONS AND ATTITUDES CONCERNING FAMILY SIZE". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 29, nr 3 (1.01.2001): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.3.231.

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This study investigated the attributions of naive perceivers regarding the voluntary or involuntary nature of a target couple's family size, and examined the personality characteristics ascribed to persons with families of varying sizes. Undergraduate students (N = 274) read one of 24 paragraphs describing a couple who varied with respect to number of children and male/female employment status. Targets were rated on 28 personality characteristics and 7 relationship quality statements. Participants provided attributions for the couple's family size and completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Results indicated that, overall, perceivers attributed family size to voluntary factors. Childless individuals were rated less positively regardless of the attributions made for their childlessness. Parents of any size family were perceived similarly. The Bem classification of the perceiver was unrelated to judgments. Applications to understanding the support needs of infertile couples are discussed.

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Matthews, Elise J., i Michel Desjardins. "Remaking Our Identities". Family Journal 25, nr 1 (8.12.2016): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480716679643.

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Previous qualitative research findings have discussed motivations, decision-making, stigma, and resistance to pronatalism among voluntarily childless (VC) men and women. The current study placed such elements of the lifeworlds of VC individuals and dyads within the context of a life story of (re)making of the VC identity. Twelve life history and semistructured interviews with six VC men and women in three heterosexual couples in Canada were analyzed using thematic analysis. The VC choice was expressed as a decision to accept one’s essential voluntary childlessness. The construction of the VC participants’ bodies through their stories entailed episodes of conflict and resistance central to gendered experiences. We propose that this pattern of themes, in a pronatalist sociocultural context, points to a remaking of the figure of an extraordinary person from childhood, through to their current partnership, and into the future. These findings have implications for practitioners working with VC couples as they construct their identities, partnerships, reproductive decisions, life trajectories, and life projects.

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Gillespie, Rosemary. "Contextualizing voluntary childlessness within a postmodern model of reproduction: implications for health and social needs". Critical Social Policy 21, nr 2 (maj 2001): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026101830102100201.

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