Rozprawy doktorskie: „Violent behaviour”

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Timmerman, Grietje Hermina. "Violent behaviour aetiology and treatment issues /". [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/77751.

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Besemer, Sytske. "Intergenerational transmission of criminal and violent behaviour". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610310.

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Downing, Kevin John. "Cognitive dysfunction and criminal behaviour : a comparative approach". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361332.

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Oakley, Clare Elizabeth. "Investigating the clinical correlates of violent behaviour in schizophrenia". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-clinical-correlates-of-violent-behaviour-in-schizophrenia(d241473c-b9d9-464c-8956-5c1a82ee56c0).html.

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Background: There is an association between schizophrenia and violence, although the specific drivers for this link remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships between childhood adversity, conduct disorder, substance misuse and violence among men with schizophrenia. It has been suggested that there may be different pathways to violence in schizophrenia, one primarily linked with pre-morbid conduct disorder, so patients were specifically grouped on the basis of pre-morbid conduct disorder. Methods: Ninety-three male participants were recruited for the study, fifty-four with schizophrenia and thirty-nine healthy controls. Participants underwent a range of clinical assessments, including symptoms of conduct disorder, exposure to childhood adversities and history of substance use disorders. Adult propensity to violence was measured using the Gunn Robertson Violence Scale. Those participants who consented also had a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Results: The Gunn Robertson Violence Scale has good validity in this population. Conduct disorder was associated with an increased propensity to violence. Exposure to domestic violence during childhood and the cumulative number of childhood adversities were both associated with adult propensity to violence and attenuation of the association with cumulative adversities suggested that conduct disorder may be a mediator of the relationship. Patients with pre-morbid conduct disorder began using alcohol and cannabis earlier and more frequently, and had higher rates of lifetime substance use disorders which were associated with an increased propensity to violence. An increase in grey matter volume in the caudate was correlated with an increased lifetime propensity to violence. Conclusions: Conduct disorder, substance use disorders, childhood adversity, schizophrenia and violence are all associated with each other. Hence there is a complex interplay of factors, with their origin in childhood, which increase the risk of violent behaviour in schizophrenia.

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Blair, Robert James Richard. "The development of morality". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318028/.

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Evidence that individuals distinguish between moral and conventional rules is reviewed. Moral rules prohibit actions that result in victims (e.g., violence, stealing, etc.). Conventional rules prohibit actions that do not result in victims (e.g., not saying please, dressing in opposite sex clothes). Previous theoretical accounts of the development of the moral/conventional distinction are discussed. These theories are contrasted with an approach that is developed here. It is proposed that there is a mechanism, a Violence Inhibition Mechanism (VIM), that is responsible for the previously observed aversive arousal response to the distress of others. It is proposed that this aversive arousal response is a prerequisite for the development of the moral/ conventional distinction, the moral emotions and the inhibition of violent behaviour. Previous accounts have stressed role taking as a prerequisite for the moral/ conventional distinction. However, this was found not to be the case. Autistics, already known to be lacking a 'Theory of Mind' and therefore unable to role take, were found to make the moral/ conventional distinction. It was hypothesized that Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) might be a consequence of a lack of VIM; the clinical description of APD stresses their lack of the moral emotions and their inability to inhibit their violent actions. In line with this, APD subjects were not found to make a moral/conventional distinction. Two rival explanations of APD were investigated: that APD is due to an inability to role take and; that APD is due to frontal lobe damage. APD subjects were not found to be impaired in either of these respects in comparison to criminal controls. A final investigation focused on the emotion attributions of APD subjects. It was hypothesized, given the contention that VIM is a prerequisite for the development of the moral emotions, that APD subjects might make anomalous attributions in victim situations though their attributions of other situations should prove normal. This study observed that while the attributions of APD subjects and criminal controls did not differ if the emotions attributed were happiness, sadness or embarrassment there was significant difference in victim situations where APD subjects were less likely to attribute guilt and more likely to attribute indifference than criminal controls. This finding was taken as indirect support of the VIM position. Additional tests, and implications of the VIM model are then discussed.

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Hiscoke, Ulrika Landblom. "Risk management the role of clinical factors in violent behaviour /". Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-323-0/.

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Pomroy, Lucy Victoria. "The relationship between multiple traumatisation, emotion regulation and violent behaviour". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4767/.

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To date, a significant proportion of research has predominantly focused upon childhood abuse and neglect (CAB) without considering the impact of exposure to wider forms of trauma. This thesis therefore examines the impact of exposure to recurrent CAN and multiple traumatisation (i.e. exposure to recurrent CAN and at least one wider form of trauma) upon emotion regulation (ER) and the perpetration of violence. Chapter Two presents a systematic review that explored the literature on factors associated with the impact of recurrent CAN in comparison to multiple forms of victimisation among an adolescent and young adult population. Chapter Three explores the construct of coping and critiques the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997) assessment. Chapter Four presents an empirical paper exploring the impact of recurrent CAN and multiple traumatisation on ER and coping, in addition to the role of ER in relation to aggressive behaviour among university students (n=237) and the general population (n=95). Statistically significant findings demonstrated that both recurrent CAN and multiple traumatisation were predictive of difficulties both in ER and violent behaviour. A number of further variables including optimism, violent attitudes and level of education were also found to contribute to difficulties in ER and violent behaviour.

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Mailloux, Donna L. (Donna Lynne) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Victimization, coping, and psychopathy; associations with violent behaviour among female offenders". Ottawa, 1999.

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Thornton, Abigail J. V. "Investigating sex differences in, and predictors of, violent and nonviolent offending behaviour". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2012. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/5310/.

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This thesis investigated the generalist or specialist theories of offending by examining the overlap of, sex differences in, and predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV), general violence and nonviolent offending. IPV is typically studied separately from other types of crime as it is perceived to be a specialist type of crime warranting its own research and theories (e.g. Dobash & Dobash, 1992; Hotaling, Straus & Lincoln, 1990; Giles-Sims, 1983). However, generalist theories (e.g. Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990; Felson, 2002) suggest that crimes stem from the same etiology and share some commonalities: therefore perpetrators are likely to be generalists who perpetrate a variety of crimes rather than specialising solely in one type of crime. Investigating all three offences in one population will inform whether (or not) IPV is a specialist type of crime distinct from other violent and nonviolent crime. Study 1 assessed women’s violent and nonviolent offending, using data from two online student samples (men and women: n = 344), reporting on being (1) a perpetrator and witness (women), or (2) being a victim and witness (men). A comprehensive measure of general violence, IPV and nonviolent offending was developed. The results provided broad support for the generalist perspective of crime as women were found to be involved in a variety of offences. A similar pattern of offending was supported across data sources. Study 2 developed the Nonviolent and Violent Offending Behaviour Scale (NVOBS): a psychometrically sound measure of violent and nonviolent offending suitable for use with both male and female participants (using the combined sample from studies 3 and 4). Results suggested five separate subscales (general violence, IPV, drug-related offences, criminal damage, and theft). The results provided support for previous research into sex differences as men were found to perpetrate higher levels of general violence and nonviolent offences than women (supporting evolutionary theories of crime), and women perpetrated significantly more IPV than men (supporting the family conflict theory and not the feminist theory). The interrelatedness of the offence categories in men and women provided broad support for generalist theories of offending. Studies 3 (116 men; 181 women) and 4 (184 men; 171 women) explored potential predictors of offending behaviour using the NVOBS to examine whether the different forms of offending shared the same underlying correlates. Measures included: personality traits and disorder traits, attachment, anger, self-control and psychopathic traits. The same pattern of results was observed across both studies. Despite the sex differences in general violence and nonviolent offending (Study 2), there were similarities in the predictors of general violence and nonviolent offending for men and women. This supports Campbell’s (1995) theory that women’s offending may just be a muted version of men’s offending and also suggests that there are commonalities between different types of offending: supporting the generalist perspective of crime. The main difference was for IPV, where the predictors for men’s IPV were different to other types of crime and to the predictors for women’s IPV. This indicates that men’s and women’s risk factors for IPV may be different (providing some support for men’s IPV being specialist). In summary, three key themes can be taken from the research findings: (1) sex differences in offending, and mutuality of IPV, (2) the overlap between offences, and (3) the pattern of correlates and predictors of offending. Conclusions from the thesis are that men and women offenders perpetrate a variety of offences, which is consistent with the theory that criminals tend not to specialise. Limitations, ideas for future research, and original contributions to knowledge are discussed.

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Edwards, Sarah. "Empathy, mental state recognition, and violent behaviour : the influence of situated context". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2018. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/23457/.

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This thesis considers how a situational context may influence empathy and mental state recognition. It explores if and how interventions drawing on empathy can be of practical use in preventing or reducing violent offending behaviour, and addresses the limitations of trait approaches which have hindered previous research and practice within the field. An exploratory, multi-modal design facilitated analysis of data from multiple forensic settings, including: two focus groups with practitioners and researchers; six interviews with young violent offenders; and 290 items of archival data collated from a prison-based victim awareness programme (including a sub-set of violent offender narratives). Contrasting epistemological approaches were drawn on pragmatically at different stages, including: thematic analysis (critical realist perspective) and discursive psychology (social constructionist/relativist perspective). Findings revealed the influence of situated context on social norms and expectations of behaviour; for example, individuals followed in-group values even if this meant not helping an individual in distress. Analysing the social construction of empathy during victim awareness interventions revealed how violent offenders use sophisticated techniques to demonstrate ‘doing victim awareness’, whilst justifying or minimising violence, victim blaming, or diminishing the character of the victim. Familial victims or the offenders themselves were most recognised as the people harmed by an offender’s criminal behaviour; whereas the direct victims of crime were the least recognised. More broadly, analysis revealed socially normative reasons not to empathise in some circumstances. Finally, ‘resilience’ discourses produced by surrogate victims during interventions, helped resolve offenders’ past harms and supported narratives of desistance. In conclusion, victim awareness interventions hold a valuable role in helping offenders work towards a crime free life; however, changes are needed to develop the efficacy of these programmes. Interventions could focus on enhancing reasons to offer empathy and helping behaviour, while challenging justifications for withholding empathy to others. Wider social change challenging the social norms of sub-cultural peer groups is also important when reducing violence and promoting empathy.

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Van, Bosch Elzané. "Psychological factors contributing to aggressive or violent behaviour of adolescents in secondary schools / Elzané van Bosch". Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10122.

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South African schools are quickly, and progressively, becoming arenas for violent behaviour. These days, schools are no longer considered safe and protected environments where children can go to learn, develop, enjoy themselves, and feel secure. Rather, schools are being defined as unsafe and dangerous settings for teaching and learning, plagued by various forms of school violence (Van Jaarsveld, 2008). According to De Wet (2003), the causes of school violence are numerous and exceptional to each violent incident. Research indicates that most perpetrators of school violence are in the adolescent stage of development (O‟Toole, 2000). Adolescence as a transition stage implies severe changes on both an anatomical and a psychological level, presenting psycho-social adjustment demands that could be too much for certain adolescents and end in dysfunctional adaptive behaviour such as aggression (Louw & Louw, 2007; Sigelman & Rider, 2006). According to Meece and Daniels (2008), there seems to be no single cause for aggression and it is seen as an interaction of the adolescent’s own characteristics, family environment, culture, peer relations and community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intra- and inter-psychological factors such as self related well-being, coping self-efficacy, general health and inter-personal relations contribute to manifested anger/hostility/aggression of learners in secondary schools. A quantitative research design of the cross sectional survey type was used to reach the aims of this study. The population included grade nine learners of four secondary schools who fitted the selection criteria. The size of the research group was N=512, which included male (N=217) and female (N=295), African (N=311) and White (N=201) adolescent learners. Quantitative data collection was done by means of the Personal, Home, Social and Formal Relations Questionnaire (PHSF) of Fouché and Grobbelaar (1971), the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE) of Chesney, Neilands, Chambers, Taylor, and Folkman (2006), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) of Goldberg and Hillier (1979) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) of Buss and Perry (1992). A biographical questionnaire was also included to collect the participants‟ socio-demographic information. The empirical research was described and results reported in two manuscripts intended for publication. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity of the measuring instruments used, correlations among the operationalized constructs, significance of differences on the scales for subgroups and regression analyses to identify predictors of aggression and moderating variables, were calculated. The results of the study indicated that although means and standard deviations correspond to those reported in literature for the same scales, the participants in this study manifested only moderate levels of the phenomena measured. The reliability and validity of the measuring instruments were mostly acceptable, with a few exceptions. Correlational results indicated that psychological factors have significantly negative relationships with aspects of aggressive behaviour, suggesting that the more psychological wellness and adjustment youth experience, the less they will experience or express aggressive behaviour. Significance of differences on several of the variables investigated was found between the gender and racial sub-groups with moderate to large practical effect. Furthermore, aspects of personal and social adjustment and of coping self-efficacy and mental health, significantly predicted features of aggression in youth who participated. Intra- and inter-personal aspects of psychological adjustment significantly moderated the strength of the relationships between coping self-efficacy and aggression as well as general mental health and aggression. These findings were theoretically expected and could be explained by means of research findings reported in literature and relevant theories. Conclusions and recommendations were discussed.
Thesis (MA (Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013

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Ilomäki, E. (Essi). "Conduct disorder among girls: violent behaviour, suicidality and comorbidity:a study of adolescent inpatients in Northern Finland". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299216.

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Abstract Conduct disorder (CD) among girls is a common but seldom studied psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for CD, the factor structure of CD symptoms, suicidal behaviour, comorbid disorders and nicotine dependence of adolescent girls with CD in an inpatient sample in Northern Finland. The study subjects were 508 12- to 17-year-old inpatients treated in an acute psychiatric ward, Unit 70, at Oulu University Hospital between April 2001 and March 2006. These adolescents were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL) to obtain psychiatric diagnoses according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). In addition, the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI) was used to obtain information on somatic health, family situation and delinquency. From the data collected, 63 girls and 92 boys fulfilled the criteria for current DSM-IV-diagnosed conduct disorder. It was observed that, although the number of symptoms and severity of CD was lower among girls compared to boys, the level of functioning was lowered to the same degree. Physical abuse increased the risk for violent CD, and living apart from at least one biological parent increased the risk for both violent and non-violent CD among girls. The results of this study also suggest a gender difference in the factor structure and developmental model of CD. Alcohol dependence increased the risk for suicide attempt and self-mutilation almost fourfold among girls with CD. Girls with CD had more comorbid affective and anxiety disorders than boys. Girls with CD also had more self-reported allergies. Finally, the number of CD symptoms was positively correlated with the level of nicotine dependence (ND) among both girls and boys, and a gender difference was found in the correlation between symptom subscales and the level of ND. The findings suggest that gender differences exist in conduct disorder. Special attention should be paid to the prevention, identification and treatment of CD among girls. It seems that, among girls with CD, the well-being of primary family is important in prevention. Alcohol dependence and depression in girls with CD should be treated with special care. DSM-IV might not always be sensitive enough to diagnose CD among girls, and this should be considered when behavioural symptoms are evaluated in girls
Tiivistelmä Tyttöjen käytöshäiriö on vähän tutkittu mutta yleinen psykiatrinen häiriö. Tässä tutkimuksessa analysoitiin tyttöjen käytöshäiriön riskitekijöitä, oireiden faktorirakennetta, käytöshäiriöisten itsetuhoisuutta, samanaikaista psykiatrista ja somaattista sairastavuutta sekä nikotiiniriippuvuutta psykiatrisessa osastohoidossa olleiden alaikäisten nuorten keskuudessa. Tutkimusaineistoon kuului 508 12–17-vuotiasta nuorta, jotka olivat hoidossa psykiatrisella akuuttihoito-osastolla Oulun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa 1.4.2001–31.3.2006 välisenä aikana. Nuoret haasteteltiin käyttämällä puolistrukturoitua Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL) -haastattelua, jonka avulla määritettiin nuorten psykiatriset diagnoosit Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) -diagnoosiluokituksen mukaisesti. Lisäksi potilaat haastateltiin European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI) -haastattelulla, josta saatiin tietoa fyysisestä terveydentilasta, perhetilanteesta ja rikollisuudesta. Aineiston nuorista 63 tyttöä ja 92 poikaa täyttivät käytöshäiriön kriteerit. Tämä tutkimus osoitti, että vaikka nykyisten DSM-IV-kriteerien perusteella tytöillä käytöshäiriön vaikeusaste oli aiempien tutkimusten tapaan poikia alhaisempi ja oireiden määrä vähäisempi, oli tyttöjen toimintakyky silti yhtä huono kuin poikien. Fyysinen perheväkivalta lisäsi tyttöjen riskiä väkivaltaiseen käytöshäiriöön ja asuminen erossa vähintään yhdestä biologisesta vanhemmasta lisäsi riskiä sekä väkivaltaiseen että ei-väkivaltaiseen käytöshäiriöön. Käytöshäiriöoireiden faktorianalyysi osoitti, että tytöillä ja pojilla oli eroa oireiden faktorirakenteessa eikä tyttöjen oireiden jako selkeästi noudattanut Loeberin esittämää polkumallia. Alkoholiriippuvuus lisäsi käytöshäiriöisillä tytöillä riskiä itsemurhan yrittämiseen ja itsensä vahingoittamiseen lähes 4-kertaiseksi. Käytöshäiriöisillä tytöillä oli poikia enemmän mieliala- ja ahdistushäiriöitä samanaikaisina psykiatrisina häiriöinä. Somaattisista häiriöistä käytöshäiriöiset tytöt raportoivat poikia enemmän allergioita. Käytöshäiriön oireiden määrä oli yhteydessä sekä tytöillä että pojilla nikotiiniriippuvuuden voimakkuuteen. Tyttöjen ja poikien välillä oli eroa nikotiiniriippuvuuteen korreloivissa oireryhmissä. Tämän tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella tyttöjen ja poikien käytöshäiriöllä on eroavaisuuksia. Tyttöjen käytöshäiriön ennaltaehkäisyyn, tunnistamiseen ja hoitoon tulee kiinnittää erityistä huomiota. Primaariperheen hyvinvointi näyttäisi olevan tärkeää ennaltaehkäisyssä. Käytöshäiriöisen tytön hoidossa tulee kiinnittää erityinen huomio alkoholin käyttöön sekä depression hoitoon itsetuhoisuuden ehkäisemiseksi. DSM-IV ei ehkä nykyisellään ole riittävän herkkä työkalu tyttöjen käytöshäiriön diagnosoimiseksi, ja tähän tulisi kiinnittää huomiota kun käyttäytymisellään oireilevia tyttöjä hoidetaan

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Haddow, Christine. "Patient and prisoner experiences : major mental illness and masculinity in the context of violent offending behaviour". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9751.

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Traditional understandings of violence by the mentally disordered largely look to mental illness to explain such behaviour. More recently, research has begun to examine the role of alternative factors in driving violent offending in this context. Masculinity is one such factor to which little consideration has thus far been given, in spite of a wealth of literature which associates the construction and maintenance of a masculine identity with violence in the non-mentally disordered context. This thesis proceeds from these current understandings, and examines the nature of the relationship between mental illness, masculinity and violent behaviour. In order to examine this issue, interviews were conducted with a group of 10 male patients diagnosed with major mental illness and with violent offending histories, in a medium secure forensic psychiatric hospital in Scotland. A group of 10 male prisoners serving life sentences in a Scottish adult male prison following convictions for homicide offences were also interviewed, and acted as a comparator group. Following an analysis of these interviews, findings emerged in relation to three key areas of patients’ and prisoners’ accounts: past experiences of violent offending, present experiences of institutional settings, and future hopes for recovery and desistance. In particular, significant similarities and divergences in the experiences of the two groups were apparent, and this thesis advances two key arguments in light of this. Considering first the similarities in patients’ and prisoners’ experiences, it is posited here that for both the mentally ill and non-mentally ill male population the task of constructing and maintaining a masculine identity is a particularly pervasive force in their life histories. It will be demonstrated that for patients and prisoners in this study, masculinity plays a significant role in past violent offending, as well as having important implications for adaptation to present institutional settings, and the creation of a recovered and desisting identity for the future. Second, in looking to the divergences in patients’ and prisoners’ accounts, it is asserted that where major mental illness is present it serves to intercede in these three areas of men’s lives. Extracts from interviews with male patients will illustrate the interceding role of mental illness in violent scenarios from their pasts. In addition, it will be demonstrated that patients’ and prisoners’ respective present situations in institutional settings vary, as diagnosis of mental illness leads patients to be placed in a secure hospital rather than the prison, and the differing nature of these environments results in divergences in adaptation to these settings. Finally, in relation to the future, while prisoners focussed on their hopes for desistance from offending, the diagnosis of mental illness led patients to place recovery from such disorders as the primary process at this point.

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Roaldset, John Olav. "Risk assessment of violent, suicidal and self-injurious behaviour in acute psychiatry– a bio-psycho-social approach". Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for nevromedisin, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11932.

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De psykiatriske avdelingene i Norge har vært utsatt for tildels sterk kritikk etter voldsdhandlinger og selvmord begått av pasienter under innleggelse, etter utskriving eller ved manglende innleggelse. Med innleggelsespress og kort liggetid er akuttavdelinger særlig utsatt. Ofte legges alene klinisk skjønn til grunn for en risikovurdering. Det foreligger imidlertid instrumenter til formålet, men de er tidkrevende og forutsetter spesiell ekspertise. Et av siktemålene med dette ”risikoprosjektet” ved Ålesund sjukehus var å identifisere tidlig hvilke pasienter som trenger videre utredning og oppfølging. Forskjellige metoder ble prøvet i et prospektivt, naturalistisk design. Denne avhandlingen tar for seg resultater fra deler av ”risikoprosjektet” og omfatter ulike metoder brukt til vurdering av risiko for vold, selvmord og selvskading: (i) Biologisk basert: Serotonin og lipider målt i blod, (ii) Pasientbasert: Pasientenes egen risikovurdering (SRS), samt (iii) et personalbasert, strukturert screening instrument for volds-risiko (V-RISK-10, utviklet for bruk i akuttpsykiatrien) . ”risikoprosjektet” og omfatter ulike metoder brukt til vurdering av risiko for vold, selvmord og selvskading: (i) Biologisk basert: Serotonin og lipider målt i blod, (ii) Pasientbasert: Pasientenes egen risikovurdering (SRS), samt (iii) et personalbasert, strukturert screening instrument for volds-risiko (V-RISK-10, utviklet for bruk i akuttpsykiatrien) . SRS og V-RISK-10 ble skåret ved innleggelse og utskriving. Blodprøver ble tatt ved innleggelse. Risikovurderingene og blodprøvesvarene ble sammenliknet med suicidalitet, selvskading og vold registrert under oppholdet og i løpet av første året etter utskriving. Målgruppen var alle akutt innlagte pasienter gjennom ett år, fra 07.03.06 – 07.03.07. Studien av biologiske variabler og SRS ble utført på ett sykehus (n=489 pasienter). V-RISK-10 studien ble gjennomført på to sykehus (n=1017). Antallet pasienter var henholdsvis 254 innlagte og 196 utskrevne for den biologiske studien, 429 og 266 for SRS, og 980 og 381 for V-RISK-10. Vold og sucidalatferd under innleggelse, dessuten vold de tre første månedene etter utskriving, ble predikert av lave verdier av total kolesterol. Noen få pasienter med flere innleggelser og gjentatte voldshandlinger var kjennetegnet ved lave verdier av HDL. Disse funn samsvarer med tidligere undersøkelser. Høye triglyceridverdier predikerte selvskade i løpet av oppholdet, og også suicidalitet og selvskade etter utskriving. Presisjonsnivået var størst for dem som ble registret med både suicidalatferd og selvskading. Resultatet støtter tre studier om virkningen av kortvarig og kronisk psykologisk stress, men er det motsatte av tidligere funn om lave triglyceridverdier ved sucidalitet. I vårt materiale ble det ikke funnet noen sammenheng mellom serotoninnivå og aggresjon. SRS predikerte vold, suicidalitet og selvskade. I løpet av innleggelsen var SRS mest presis for suicidalitet og selvskade. Etter utskriving var den mest nøyaktig for vold. Vi har ikke funnet andre rapporter om pasienters egne risikovurderinger. Valideringen av V-RISK-10 var like god eller bedre enn for andre etablerte risikoinstrumenter. Våre funn var gyldige både for kvinner og menn. Nøyaktigheten var størst ved alvorlige voldsepisoder. V-RISK-10 gav signifikante resultater for pasienter uten kjent voldshistorie. Resultatene for lipider og SRS var ikke gode nok til at disse metodene kan anbefales å bli brukt alene som screening instrumenter. De kan imidlertid vise seg nyttige som tillegg til etablerte prosedyrer. V-RISK-10 viste gode egenskaper som screeninginstrument. Resultatene bør bekreftes av annen forskning før metodene kan bli brukt med ønsket sikkerhet.
Recently, psychiatric hospitals in Norway have been criticised for premature discharges and for poor assessments of patients’ risks of violence or self-harm. Due to the high turnover of patients and the obligation to admit all acutely ill patients who are in need of hospitalisation, the acute wards are particularly exposed to such criticism. Unstructured clinical judgements alone still appear to be the dominant approach to risk assessments. Currently used instruments for risk assessment are time consuming, and their use require special expertise. The goal of the “Risk Project” at Ålesund Hospital was early identification of patients in need of risk assessments. Various screening methods were tested in a prospective, naturalistic design. This dissertation is a part of the larger Risk Project. In the dissertation, different approaches towards risk analyses of violence, suicide and self-injury were examined: (i) Biologically based, in which lipids and serotonin are measured in the blood; (ii) Patient based, in which patients’ self-reports of risk (SRS) are employed, and (iii) Structured professional, by applying a violence screening instrument developed for use in acute psychiatry (V-RISK-10). SRS and V-RISK-10 were scored both at the time of admittance and discharge. Blood was drawn at admission. These measures were then compared with the episodes of violent, suicidal and self-injurious behaviour recorded during the patient’s hospital stay and also, during the first year after discharge. The study sample for the biological markers and the SRSs included all of the acutely admitted patients during one year (n=489) in one acute psychiatric unit. The V-RISK-10 study included all admissions of two units (n=1017). The numbers of patients who completed the study were 254 during their hospital stay and 196 after discharge, all with regard to lipids/serotonin, 429 and 266 for SRS, and 980 and 381 for V-RISK-10, respectively. Similar to findings from other studies, low concentrations of total cholesterol were found to predict inpatient suicidal and violent behaviour and also, violent behaviour three months after discharge. Low HDL levels were predictive of violence repeaters. High triglyceride levels predicted self-injurious behaviour (SIB) during the hospital stay, and both suicidal behaviour and SIB during the first year after discharge. The best results were obtained among patients who had recorded episodes of both suicidal behaviour and SIB. This finding contradicts prior studies on self-harm but concurs with three recent studies that look at the effects of short-term and chronic psychological stress. No significant correlations between serotonin levels and violence, suicidal behaviour or SIB were found in our sample. SRS predicted violence, suicidal behaviour and SIB both during the hospital stay and at three months after discharge. In addition, SRS of violence was also significant at 12 months after discharge. The accuracy was higher for self-harm during the hospital stays and for violence after discharge. We found no other validation studies of patients’ self-reported risk of suicide or violence. The predictive validity of the V-RISK-10 was equal to or better than those of the comprehensive risk assessment instruments, and it was very high in relation to severe violence. The screening instrument was sensitive to the risk of violence independent of gender and even for patients without any known history of violence. Despite significant findings for the lipids and SRS, these methods are not recommended for regular clinical use as single predictor variables, but they may be used together in combination with established risk procedures or clinical judgements. V-RISK-10 demonstrated good psychometric properties as a violence screening tool for acute psychiatry. Further research should be undertaken to confirm the findings

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Coule, Jacqueline. "Do perpetrators of violent crimes experience Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as a result of their offending behaviour?" Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296731.

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Banwell, Stacy Louise. "From unspeakable to unsayable to talked about : women's subjective accounts of their violent behaviour; an interactionist study". Thesis, Bangor University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665304.

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Alford, Max. "Impulsivity in forensic populations". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33164.

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Purpose: The systematic review summarised the research investigating potential risk factors for impulsive behaviours in forensic populations. The empirical study examined the predictive utility of clinician rated, self-report and behavioural measures of impulsivity in detecting violence and antisocial behaviour in forensic mental health inpatient settings. Method: The review is comprised of 9 studies identified through electronic database searches using a structured search strategy and predetermined inclusion criteria. The empirical study employed a cross-sectional design using retrospective and prospective statistical analysis. Forty-three participants were recruited from secure forensic mental health inpatient settings across Scotland and data collected from clinician rated, self-report and behavioural measures of impulsivity. Results: The review found original evidence to suggest that traumatic brain injury, substance and alcohol misuse, trauma and sleep as possible predictors of impulsive behaviour in forensic populations. The empirical study found a relatively consistent relationship between impulsive behaviour and violent or antisocial behaviour in a sample of forensic mental health inpatients. Conclusions: The systematic review identified a limited number of risk factors thought to influence impulsive behaviour in forensic populations. The review highlights the need for future research with improved methodological design to further explore contributory factors for increased levels of impulsivity. Findings from the empirical study reveal clinician rating of impulsive behaviour to be the most sensitive in predicting future incidents of violent and antisocial behaviour, which may be supplemented by the addition of a self-report measure.

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Van, Wijk Evalina. "An investigation into patients perceptions of contributing factors towards their aggressive and violent behaviour after admission to a mental health facility". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3530_1189064270.

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Aggressive and violent behaviour in inpatient mental health facilities is found worldwide and is a frequent and serious clinical and nursing care problem. Despite the importance of international research findings and recommendations, it appears that patients perceptions of the possible contributing factors toward aggressive and violent behaviour in mental health facilities is an area of enquiry that has not been widely explored in South Africa in general, or in the Western Cape, in particular. It is against this background that this study endeavoured to investigate the external and situational contributing to patients aggressive and violent behaviour in mental health facilities in Cape Town, as seen from patients perspectives.

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Knapasjö, Martina, i Jenny Klindt. "The Double Standard towards Men's and Women's Violent Behaviour : En kvantitativ experimentell studie angående människors attityder till våldsbrott i förhållande till kön". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-113651.

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The present study tested the prediction that male offenders are judged more harsly than female offenders for involving in a violent crime. Three-hundred and fifty-four adult students (163 men, 190 women, 1 unspecified gender) evaluated a hypothetical crimescenario describing a violent conflict between two parties, as part of a 2 (Informants Gender: Male/Female) x 3 (Offender Gender Triad: Male/Female/Neutral) x 3 (Victim Gender Triad: Male/Female/Neutral) between-subjects design. In situations involving male offenders, compared to female offenders, the informants judged the male offenders more harshly which exposed a double standard, as we expected. Informants also believed that it was more likely that a male offender was a recidivist.

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Folcker, Emelie. "Exploring the professional perception of multi agency approaches to assist young people involved in violent and offending behavior in Glasgow". Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2503.

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This thesis explores eight professionals’ views on the use of the multi-agency approach to assist young people involved in violent and offending behaviour. Parallel to this overall purpose, this thesis also examines the professionals’ views on possible risk factors for the involvement in such behaviour, and their perception of possible improvements to this particular approach. As a result of the policy changes during the 90’s, multi agency approaches became a popular way to deal with crime. In recent years, new frameworks and programs for multi-agency approaches have been introduced. Focus on a more streamlined multi-agency approach, as a way of targeting young people involved in violent and offending behavior, has been implemented by sharing information and working together across agencies for the benefit of children and young people. The method of this thesis applied semi-structured interviews, all of them with 13 prepared questions, to obtain the data necessary, and used snowball sampling to expand the network of informants. The results showed that most agencies saw benefits with the multi-agency approach primarily because of the way in which one can better obtain the needs of the child/youth and accommodate these on different levels thanks to the close interaction of the agencies. Moreover, the informants displayed a unified understanding of the underlying risk factors that might contribute to the involvement in violent or offending behaviour. Primarily, the informants addressed five risk factor themes: family, drugs and alcohol, gang culture and peer pressure, deprivation, and education. As for improvements, the informants saw the biggest need for such in the area of communication, not only between agencies, but also on a societal and political level where social issues must be addressed in policy making and resource funding.

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Lightowlers, Carly. "A study of the development of drinking patterns and violent behaviour amongst young people in England and Wales : secondary analysis of the Offending Crime and Justice Survey". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-study-of-the-development-of-drinking-patterns-and-violent-behaviour-amongst-young-people-in-england-and-wales-secondary-analysis-of-the-offending-crime-and-justice-survey(a01e7325-4a5a-47d5-abed-b7f75a175ca3).html.

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This thesis examines how drinking behaviours are associated with violent behaviour amongst young people in England and Wales. It is argued that in order to deconstruct the alcohol-violence relationship, it is necessary to critically examine drinking patterns and the development thereof as well as attitudes held towards alcohol consumption. The study comprises secondary statistical analyses of the Home Office’s Offending Crime and Justice Survey, a survey providing data on young people’s drinking and offending behaviour over four successive annual sweeps. Cross-sectional models are used to examine the predictors of violent offending and the role of alcohol consumption. These are subsequently extended into longitudinal models to examine change over time. Collectively, these models provide a detailed exploration of how alcohol consumption influences violent behaviour amongst young people and offer some insights into ways in which alcohol-related violence can be moderated. Whilst, on the whole, individual attitude items did not significantly predict violent behaviour amongst regular drinkers, findings did, however, suggest three distinct classifications based on attitudes held towards drinking: ‘social drinkers’, ‘positively motivated drinkers’ and ‘problem drinkers’, which were significantly associated with age, binge drinking frequency and violent offending. Findings also support existing evidence that the pattern of drinking (rather than the frequency of alcohol consumption) is associated with violent offending and the study identifies a contemporaneous (time-specific) association between levels of binge drinking and assault outcomes. That is, that high frequency binge drinking is a temporally proximal risk factor for the increased propensity of committing assault offences and that occurrences in assault outcomes over time are relatively dependent on levels of drinking over time. In turn, this suggests that the periods in which young people are drinking more, they also offend more. The thesis thus provides evidence that reducing alcohol consumption in late adolescence may, in turn, reduce the prevalence of violent assault offences in and immediately after drinking occasions.

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Barrington, Jane. "Shapeshifting prostitution and the problem of harm : a discourse analysis of media reportage of prostitution law reform in New Zealand in 2003 : a thesis submitted to AUT University New Zealand in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science, 2008". Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/471.

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Interpersonal violence and abuse in New Zealand is so widespread it is considered a normative experience. Mental health nurses witnessing the inscribed effects of abuse on service users are lead to consider whether we are dealing with a breakdown of the mind or a breakdown in social or cultural connection (Stuhlmiller, 2003). The purpose of this research is to examine the cultural context which makes violence and abuse against women and children possible. In 2003, the public debate on prostitution law reform promised to open a space in which discourses on sexuality and violence, practices usually private or hidden, would publicly emerge. Everyday discourses relating to prostitution law reform reported in the New Zealand Herald newspaper in the year 2003 were analysed using Foucauldian and feminist post-structural methodological approaches. Foucauldian discourse analysis emphasises the ways in which power is enmeshed in discourse, enabling power relations and hegemonic practices to be made visible. The research aims were to develop a complex, comprehensive analysis of the media discourses, to examine the construction of harm in the media debate, to examine the ways in which the cultural hegemony of dominant groups was secured and contested and to consider the role of mental health nurses as agents of emancipatory political change. Mental health promotion is mainly a socio-political practice and the findings suggest that mental health nurses could reconsider their professional role, to participate politically as social activists, challenging the social order thereby reducing the human suffering which interpersonal violence and abuse carries in its wake.

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Masilla, Audrey Grace. "WHEN DOES CHILDHOOD EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE LEAD TO VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG ADULTS?" MSSTATE, 2010. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03272010-201323/.

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This study examined the relationship of childhood exposure to violence and adult aggressive behavior. Researchers have studied this relationship and consequences resulting from high violence exposure, but have not examined protective factors that may reduce negative consequences. Likewise, no one had examined the possible protective factors of self-monitoring, concern for appropriateness, and social support. A total of 1,307 college students completed an online survey assessing childhood exposure to violence, adult aggression, social support, and self-monitoring. Despite the lack of significance for the mediation model, social support, concern for appropriateness, and self-monitoring were all significant moderators in the relationship of exposure to violence and adult aggression. Together, childhood exposure to violence, social support, and concern for appropriateness accounted for 33% of the variance in adult aggression. These findings suggest that less childhood exposure to violence, lower concern for appropriateness, and more social support decrease the risk of aggression in college students.

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Allwood, Maureen A. "The relations of violence exposure, trauma symptoms and aggressive cognitions to youth violent behavior". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4148.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (November 7, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Mejia, Roberto. "EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE EXPOSURE IN COLOMBIAN ADOLESCENTS: PATHWAYS TO VIOLENT AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR". Also available to VCU users online at:, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1776.

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Alphonse, Nshimiyimana. "Development of Violent Behavior and Adolescents’ Appraisal and Coping Strategies related to Inter-parental Violence". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-25660.

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The present review focuses on understanding the explanatory mechanisms behind the use of violence within intimate relationships, highlighting the consequences of adolescents’ exposure to Inter-parental violence and gauging the role of their (adolescents) appraisal and coping strategies. The theories reviewed stress the significant impact of close figures’ behaviors on the developing child and adolescent trough observational and imitational processes, secure and insecure attachment patterns and related internal working models as well as trough building own understanding of the world and human interrelations. The review revealed also that adolescents’ exposure to Inter-parental violence constituted an unequivocal risk factor leading to a range of consequences categorized as internalizing and externalizing problems. It however indicates that the outcome behaviors are not a result of a linear process because there is range of mediating factors that explain the association between adolescents’ exposure to Inter-parental violence and outcome behaviors. Finally, appraisal of Inter-parental violence was identified as a central mechanism that impacts both the magnitude of the consequences of exposure and the adolescents’ conception and execution of coping strategies.

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Pettersson, Mailn. "ETHNIC HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE : The Role of Ethnic Harassment on Violent Behavior Among Immigrant Youths". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-35882.

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The present study aimed to: (1) examine whether experiencing ethnic harassment was related to violent behaviors among immigrant youths (2) identify the conditions that elevate ethnically harassed youth’s engagement in violent behaviors. Specifically, current study examined the moderating roles of youth’s ethnic identification, anger regulation, and impulsivity on the association between ethnic harassment and violent behaviors. Participants included 341 first- and second-generation immigrant youth (Mage= 14.11, SD =.93; 48 % girls) who were recruited from seven different schools in a mid-size Swedish city. Regression analyses was conducted to test whether ethnic harassment predicted violent behaviors over the course of one year after and whether youth’s ethnic identification, anger regulation and impulsive personality trait moderated the association between ethnic harassment and violent behaviors. Results showed that when immigrant youth were exposed to ethnic harassment, they were more likely to display violent behaviors one year later. In addition, the results suggested that immigrant youth who identified themselves with their heritage culture, i.e., high ethnic identification, were more at risk displaying violent behaviors in the case of ethnic harassment. Moreover, the results indicated that anger regulation and impulsive personality trait did not moderate the relationship between ethnic harassment and violence.

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Demetropoulos, Janie. "Hopelessness and Youth Violent Behavior: A Longitudinal Study". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6822.

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This study examines how hopelessness impacts youth engagement in violent behavior over time. The data are from waves I and II of The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Poisson regression was used to analyze contributors to violence in just wave I, and then again across time in wave II using explanatory and control variables from wave I. Results indicate that hopelessness is positively associated with violent behavior. Furthermore, while hopelessness and most of the other explanatory variables predicted violent behavior in wave I, almost all the variables became non-significant or negative except hopelessness and a measure of community when predicting violence in wave II. This shows that hopelessness is a concept that needs to be explored more closely when studying violence among youth.

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BROWNFIELD, DAVID HAROLD. "SOCIAL CLASS AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR (DELINQUENCY)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187943.

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The purpose of this study is to specify more precisely the relationship between social class and crime or delinquency by focusing on a particular offense, violent behavior. Police records and survey data from four studies are analyzed. These data sets are derived from samples from around the United States and span nearly a twenty-year period. The empirical analysis begins by examining the relationship between parental status and violent behavior. One of the principal conclusions drawn from this analysis is that the magnitude of the relationship between social class and violent behavior is contingent upon the way class or status is defined or measured. Depending upon the way class is operationalized, its relationship with violent behavior is nonexistent, moderate, or relatively strong. To account for this social distribution of violent behavior, four major theories of crime and delinquency are tested. Structural and cultural theories in general fail to provide an adequate explanation. For example, consistent with research on general delinquent behavior, there is almost no support for the propositions of strain theory. In contrast, processual and psychological theories of crime and delinquency receive considerable support. Social learning theory measures of imitation are among the strongest correlates of violent behavior. In one data set, imitation measures completely account for the class distribution of violence. Social control theory measures, such as attachment to others, are also strongly correlated with violent behavior. A series of crucial experiments comparing control theory propositions with predictions of other theories yield results more consistent with control theory. The relationship between adolescent status and violent behavior is also examined. Parallel to the analysis of parental status, the results vary depending on the measure of adolescent status used. These results suggest that there are distinct dimensions of adolescent status which must be assessed separately.

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Yorgun, Abdulvahap. "The Effect Of Violence Management Training On Violent Behaviors And Anger Control Of Secondary School Students". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609168/index.pdf.

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The purpose of the present study is to design and investigate the effect of Violence Management Training on violent behaviors and anger control of secondary school students. An experimental design with one training and notreatment control group and two measurements (pre and post) was used in the present study. The subjects were selected from 95 ninth and tenth grade secondary students from a multi-programmed lycee in Ç
amlidere region of Ankara. The Violent Behaviors Checklist (VBC) and Anger Control Subscale of STAS (State Trait Anger Scale) were used as the data collection instruments. Violence Management Training, consists of 16 sessions, was implemented to the training subjects. The sessions were held twice a week and each session lasted 50 minutes. On the other hand, no-treatment control group subjects did not receive any training. Mixed Design (one between factor and one within factor) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was applied to the pretest and posttest VBC scores of v subjects to examine the effect of the Violence Management Training on the violent behaviors of subjects. Additionally, in order to investigate the effect of the Violence Management Training on anger control of subjects, Mixed Design (one between factor and one within factor) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to the pretest and posttest Anger Control Subscale scores of STAS. The results indicated that Violence Management Training was not an effective treatment procedure in reducing violent behaviors and increasing anger control of secondary school students.

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Pidruzny, Jacquelyn N. "Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Violent Media". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1404317555.

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Handfield, Dorothy C. "In-School Violent Behavior Impacts Future Goals for Low Socioeconomic Status Black Male Students Who Were Exposed to Community Violence". Thesis, University of Southern California, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10746993.

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This research study evaluated the modified gap analysis of knowledge and skills, motivation, and organization on how low socioeconomic status (SES) Black male students who were exposed to community violence and participated in Our Kids, a pseudonym for a non-profit community based organization that provides extracurricular programs to at-risk males. The purpose of this study is to understand how the in-school violent behavior of low SES Black males affects these students’ abilities to realize future goals. Using the Clark and Estes (2008) gap analysis, the collection of data from interviews and documents identified and validated the source of the students’ performance gaps. Findings revealed that the urban school district had positive and negative aspects in its current program that addressed students’ in-school violent behavior. Overall, the findings exposed that the students in the study had procedural knowledge, knowledge of self-regulation and support their increase in knowledge of self-identity even though the documents exposed that Black male students may lack self-regulation. The students had self-efficacy and students’ emotions influence their motivation. The students believe that there is racial equities and opportunities to build trusting relationships but urban school district created a threatening environment. Yet, the documents show racial inequities. This research study recommends research-based solutions to assist organizations in decreasing in-school violent behavior. Finally, Our Kids can utilize the modified gap analysis model to identify and validate causes of performance gaps and recommend solutions.

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Rafferty, M. P. "Studies on the tonal qualities of violins : vibrational behaviour of the treble from the new violin family". Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376440.

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Dias, Maraina Gomes Pires Fernandes. "Atitudes de enfermeiros de serviços de urgência e emergência psiquiátricas frente ao comportamento violento". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-06102017-104032/.

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Introdução: A alta prevalência de transtornos mentais na população geral pode refletir no aumento de pessoas nos serviços de emergência de hospitais gerais em sua maioria apresentando queixas de sintomas de um transtorno mental ou de alteração do comportamento. O comportamento violento pode estar associado ao transtorno mental e a agressão por parte desses indivíduos é considerado um problema grave que vem sendo vivenciado nos serviços de saúde, principalmente nas unidades psiquiátricas de curta permanência. Por passarem mais tempo na interação com o paciente, o enfermeiro e a equipe de enfermagem ficam sujeitos à agressão derivada do comportamento violento. A abordagem que a equipe irá adotar depende das suas crenças e atitudes diante das causas desse tipo de comportamento, pois, as mesmas afetarão na qualidade da assistência prestada ao indivíduo e os possíveis danos físicos e psicológicos ao próprio profissional. Objetivo: verificar as atitudes e visões de manejo de enfermeiros de Serviços de atendimento em Urgência e Emergência Psiquiátrica frente ao comportamento violento. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e transversal realizado em 17 serviços públicos referenciados de atendimento psiquiátrico da cidade de São Paulo com uma amostra de 185 enfermeiros que trabalhavam nesses locais. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados a The Management of Aggression and Violence Attitude Scale (MAVAS-BR) e um questionário com dados sociodemográficos. Para análise, os dados foram agrupados em um banco construído no Statistical Package for Social Sciences onde se realizou análise exploratória com frequência absoluta e relativa e medidas de locação (média/mediana) e dispersão (desvio-padrão) para cada item e dos quatro fatores da escala. Para interpretação, quanto menor a média mais a concordância com o fator ou item da escala. Resultados: As atitudes dos enfermeiros estão mais relacionadas aos modelos externo e situacional ou interacional de explicação para o comportamento violento, os participantes mostraram-se mais favoráveis com utilização de métodos de controle para manejo do mesmo. Referente às visões de manejo, concordaram com o uso dos manejos de controle que podem indicar fatores como falta de conhecimento dos enfermeiros em utilizar os manejos não físicos e escassez de recursos humanos nos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: Esse estudo fornece subsídios para elaboração de estratégias educacionais para que o enfermeiro adquira conhecimento e segurança nas intervenções frente a pacientes que apresentem comportamento violento, sugerindo que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas sobre esse fenômeno ainda pouco explorado no contexto brasileiro e latino Americano.
Introduction: The high prevalence of mental disorders in the general population may reflect an increase of people in general hospital emergency services, in which mostly of them presenting complaints of symptoms of a mental disorder or behavioral disorder. Violent behavior may be associated with mental disorder and the aggression on the part of these individuals is considered a serious problem that is being experienced in the health services, especially in the short-stay psychiatric units. Because one will spend more time interacting with the patient, the nurse and a nursing staff members are subject to aggression derived from violent behavior. The approach adopted by the members of the nursing staff will depend on their beliefs and attitudes towards the causes of this type of behavior, cause these kind of behavior will affect the assistances quality provided for the individual and may cause physical and psychological damage for the professionals themselves. Objective: to verify the nurses attitudes and views towards violent behaviour in the urgent care and psychiatric. Method: This is a descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study carried out in 17 public services referenced in psychiatric care in the city of São Paulo, with a sample of 185 nurses who worked in these places. For the data collection the management attitude scale of aggression and violence (MAVAS-BR) \"and a questionnaire with sociodemographic data were used. For analysis, the data were grouped in a bank built in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences where an exploratory analysis was carried out with absolute and relative frequency and measurements of lease (mean / median) and dispersion (standard deviation / quartiles / minimum / maximum) for each item and each of the four scale factors. For interpretation, the lower the mean, the greater the agreement with the scale factor or item. Results: Nurses\' attitudes are more related to external and situational or interactional models of explanation for violent behavior, the participants were found to be more favorable to the use of control methods to manage it. Regarding management visions, they agreed on the use of control measures that may indicate factors such as lack of knowledge of nurses to use non-physical management and shortage of human resources in health services. Conclusion: This study provides support for the elaboration of educational strategies so that the nurse can acquire knowledge and safety in the interventions against patients who present violent behavior, suggesting that new researches have to be done on this phenomenon still little explored in the Brazilian and Latin American context.

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35

Mitchell, Meghan Marie. "Formal and Informal Labeling Effects on Later Self-Reported Non-Violent and Violent Delinquency". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29858.

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This research examines the impact of formal and informal labeling on self-reported violent and non-violent delinquency. This longitudinal research design utilizes cohort 15 from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) at two different points in time. This research not only evaluates the effect of formal labeling (arrest) but also determines the effect of informal labeling (warning and releasing) by police officers. Specifically, the hypotheses assess if labeling affects minority youth differently than white youth. Using nested ordinary least square re and logistic regression models, the results indicate that labeling only operates in simple models containing few variables. The apparent effects of labeling on non-violent delinquency are accounted for in the complete model by previous delinquent behavior, living in a two-parented home, and having a parent with a criminal record. Moreover, the apparent effects of labeling are diminished in the complete model predicting violent delinquency once controlling for the effects of race (Black), gender (male), lower income level, and having a parent with a criminal record.

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Jackson, Rebecca L. "Contextualized Risk Assessment in Clinical Practice: Utility of Actuarial, Clinical, and Structured Clinical Approaches to Predictions of Violence". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4603/.

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Assessing offenders' risk of future violent behavior continues to be an important yet controversial role of forensic psychologists. A key debate is the relative effectiveness of assessment methods. Specifically, actuarial methods (see Quinsey et al., 1998 for a review) have been compared and contrasted to clinical and structured clinical methods (see e.g. Hart, 1998; Webster et al., 1997). Proponents of each approach argue for its superiority, yet validity studies have made few formal comparisons. In advancing the available research, the present study examines systematically the type of forensic case (i.e., sexual violence versus nonsexual violence) and type of assessment method (i.e., actuarial, structured clinical, and unstructured clinical). As observed by Borum, Otto, and Golding (1993), forensic decision making can also be influenced by the presence of certain extraneous clinical data. To address these issues, psychologists and doctoral students attending the American Psychology Law Society conference were asked to make several ratings regarding the likelihood of future sexual and nonsexual violence based on data derived from actual defendants with known outcomes. Using a mixed factorial design, each of these assessment methods were investigated for its influence on decision-makers regarding likelihood of future violence and sexually violent predator commitments. Finally, the potentially biasing effects of victim impact statements on resultant decisions were also explored.

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Shih, Cheng-Feng. "A multivariate model of ethnic diversity and violent political behavior". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1311869929.

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Shi, Zhengfeng. "A multivariate model of ethnic diversity and violent political behavior /". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487759055159598.

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Mailloux, Donna L. "Victimization, coping, and psychopathy, associations with violent behavior among female offenders". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/MQ43314.pdf.

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Bailey, Michael Hampton. "Moral Disengagement of Violent and Nonviolent Antisocial Behavior in Video Games". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1604156458405884.

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Perez, Nicholas Michael. "The Path to Violent Behavior: The Harmful Aftermath of Childhood Trauma". Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6129.

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Adverse childhood experiences can lead to a number of harmful outcomes throughout an individual’s life, ranging from medical problems to criminal behavior. These traumatic experiences, comprised of different forms of maltreatment and dysfunctional household environments, can affect the development of a child in a variety of different ways. The multitude of developmental changes can produce compounding harmful effects on the child’s life and lead to acutely maladaptive outcomes. Under the perspective of developmental psychopathology, the ever-changing biological, psychological, and social dynamics of children who experience trauma can contribute to deficiencies in all aspects of their subsequent development. Each of these developmental changes can lead to problem behaviors during adolescence and further progress the youth down a path toward both externalized and internalized violent behavior. In this study of youth who came in contact with the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, the consequences of childhood trauma in the development of juvenile delinquents are examined. This data allowed for the calculation of each child’s Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) score (Felitti et al., 1998). Using a generalized structural equation model, the effects of ACE scores are estimated on several aspects of each child’s personality development, adolescent problem behaviors, and violent outcomes. Specifically, the model evaluates both the direct and indirect effects of the culmination of adverse childhood experiences on the initiation of externalized violence (serious, violent, chronic delinquency) and internalized violence (suicidal behavior), as mediated through the development of personality characteristics (such as aggression and impulsivity) and adolescent problem behaviors (such as the imitation of deviant peers, school failure and dropout, substance abuse problems, and symptoms of mental illness). This study aims to contribute to the formation of a more complete understanding of the role of childhood trauma in the development of these two types of violent behaviors to improve our assessment and treatment of children who suffer from early-life trauma.

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Lee, Ria J. Heilbrun Kirk. "Imagined versus actual violence: the role of cognitions in predicting violence risk /". Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/366.

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Zavala, Egbert. "¡Haciendo travesuras con vatos locos como yo! A low-self control approach to gang violence, gang membership, and criminal offending--violent victimization among gang members". Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/7008.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work
W. Richard Goe
Criminologists have traditionally studied criminal offending and violent victimization separately. Extant studies, however, demonstrates that criminals and victims overlap to some degree, hinting that a common underlying trait explains both criminal offending and violent victimization. This study tests whether Gottfredson and Hirschi’s self-control theory explains the overlap in criminal offending and violent victimization exposure among gang members. Using cross-sectional survey data from the Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) Program in the United States, 1995-1999, results from the regression models show that low self-control is to some degree correlated with criminal offending and violent victimization. Gang members were more likely than non-gang members to participate in some forms of criminal activities, but they were not more likely to be victimized. When variables stemming from social learning and social bonding are included in the regression models, results show that associating with delinquent peers had the strongest effect in predicting criminal offending, contradicting Gottfredson and Hirschi’s claim that self-control is the only cause of criminal behavior. In concert with previous studies that have found a link between low self-control and violent victimization, results show that youths with low self-control were somewhat more likely than youths with higher self-control to report being victimized. The results of the study, as well as venues for future research, are discussed.

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Brazel, Shannon. "Adolescent Violent Behavior as a Function of Gender, Depression, and Conduct Disorder". Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3739969.

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This study was an investigation of the proportions of male and female adolescents who commit violent crime and also exhibit depression or conduct disorder. The National Comorbidity Survey: Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) database of 10,148 surveyed male and female adolescents was examined to determine adolescents who reported having been arrested for committing a violent crime or committing a violent crime without being apprehended (the violent crime group) and who had also been diagnosed with depression or conduct disorder according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Findings showed that 72 (22.9%) of the 314 violent males had been diagnosed with depression and 146 (46.5%) with conduct disorder. Fifty-nine (44.4%) of the 133 violent females had been diagnosed with depression and 61 (45.9%) with conduct disorder. Chi-square tests revealed that the proportion of violent females with depression was significantly larger than the proportion of males (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between violent males and females in diagnoses of conduct disorder.

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Boucher, Sarah Jeanne. "The Relationship Between Concussion and Violent Criminal Behavior in Professional Football Players". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1629367083503305.

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Evans, Joyce Renee. "Violent Aggression Exposure, Psychoemotional Distress, Aggressive Behavior, and Academic Performance Among Adolescents". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3295.

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Sixty percent of youth indicate exposure to violence. Such exposure is a noted risk factor for youths' well-being, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding whether exposure to violence predicts impaired academic performance. The purpose of this quantitative study was to test a model with cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of exposure as mediators of the relationship between exposure to violence and academic performance among adolescents who are at risk for exposure and attend inner-city high schools. Ninety-nine students, primarily female and African-American, in Grades 10 to 12 at two public schools in a major mid-Atlantic metropolitan district completed self-report measures for exposure to violence, aggressive behavior, aggressive cognitions, psychoemotional distress, and academic performance. A series of linear regressions was used for mediational analysis. Path coefficients were interpreted to test the proposed causal model. Consistent with previous research, a weak, but statistically significant bivariate relationship was found between exposure and grade point average (GPA). However, the relationship was indirect, mediated by students' aggressive cognitions: Higher levels of aggressive cognitions provided the best predictors of negative relationships exposure to violence with GPA. These findings have important social change implications. In particular, findings suggest that educators, parents, and mental health professionals can strengthen academic performance among adolescents with higher academic potential who are exposed to violence by offering support for positive coping styles and alternatives to attitudes that normalize aggression.

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Lust, Ashley. "Five Factor Personality Traits in Schizophrenics with a History of Violent Behavior". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3703.

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The diagnosis of schizophrenia has been associated with increased risk of violence and aggression. However, the extent of this association in relation to displayed personality traits among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia have not been fully investigated. The lack of research has resulted in an inability to determine why only some individuals with schizophrenia display violent tendencies when others do not. Guided by Costa and McCrae's five-factor model of personality and Eysenck's theory of personality and crime, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the five personality traits and the display of violence among individuals with schizophrenia, as well as the predictability of violence. A personality assessment was used to explore the personality of the participants (n = 111), individuals obtained by convenience sampling of data originally collected by Ohi, Shimada, and Kawasaki. Each of the participants included had been diagnosed with schizophrenia by at least two clinical physicians. One-way analyses of variance were performed for each of the five personality traits in order to distinguish any relationships. A binary logistic regression model was conducted in order to discover a model of predictability in regards to violent behavior among individuals with schizophrenia. Results confirmed previous research findings of a statistically significant relationship between neuroticism and violence. However, adding to the research was the result of a significant contribution of neuroticism in the prediction of violence among schizophrenics. Positive social changes arising from these findings include practitioners having the future abilities of designing specific treatment options for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia based on personality.

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Gresley, Jamee Lee. "Differing Perceptions of Criminal Behavior: Sexual Assault Versus Violent Non-Sexual Crimes". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1397042757.

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Lawrence, Claire. "Forming impressions of public house violence : stereotypes, attributions and perceptions". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361572.

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Chang, Edward C., Elizabeth A. Yu, Emma R. Kahle, Yifeng Du, Olivia D. Chang, Zunaira Jilani, Tina Yu i Jameson K. Hirsch. "The Relationship Between Domestic Partner Violence and Suicidal Behaviors in an Adult Community Sample: Examining Hope Agency and Pathways as Protective Factors". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5551.

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We examined an additive and interactive model involving domestic partner violence (DPV) and hope in accounting for suicidal behaviors in a sample of 98 community adults. Results showed that DPV accounted for a significant amount of variance in suicidal behaviors. Hope further augmented the prediction model and accounted for suicidal behaviors beyond DPV. Finally, we found that DPV significantly interacted with both dimensions of hope to further account for additional variance in suicidal behaviors above and beyond the independent effects of DPV and hope. Implications for the role of hope in the relationship between DPV and suicidal behaviors are discussed.

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