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1

POIRIER, John C. "Three Early Christian Views on Ritual Purity". Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 81, nr 4 (1.12.2005): 424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/etl.81.4.2004483.

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2

Brandt, J. Rasmus. "The Tomba dei Tori at Tarquinia: A ritual approach". Nordlit, nr 33 (16.11.2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.3186.

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In a recent publication (Brandt 2014b) an attempt was made to single out recurring pictorial motifs in Etruscan tomb paintings and to interpret them as elements of funerary ritual procedures with reference to Arnold van Gennep’s rites-de-passage model (1908) and Mary Douglas’ views on purity and danger (1996). The model is here applied on the Archaic and well-known Tomba dei Tori at Tarquinia in order to see if the tomb’s many enigmatic pictorial scenes can be read as coherent elements of such procedures.
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Shepardson, Christine. "Anxious Vigilance: Heresy and Ritual Pollution in John of Tella and Severus of Antioch". Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 24, nr 1 (1.10.2021): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/hug-2021-240102.

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Abstract Anti-Chalcedonian Christians like John of Tella, Severus of Antioch, Philoxenos of Mabbug, and John Rufus were concerned about orthodox Christians mingling with heretics. This essay argues that John of Tella combined narratives of heresy with those of bodily purity and pollution, such as those related to menstruation, to frame heretics as dangerous to orthodox Christians not only in their beliefs that could lure an unsuspecting Christian to accept heretical views, but in their very bodies whose proximity brought the threat of contamination. John integrated expectations of bodily purity and doctrinal orthodoxy in ways that suggested that heresy could physically contaminate, while Severus tried to calm his congregants’ fears about the same. The spread of COVID- 19 and the global responses to it have heightened our awareness of the dynamics of fear and anxiety that can be produced by threats of physical contamination. The global pandemic in 2020 thus helps to clarify the power that the rhetoric of these sixth-century anti-Chalcedonian texts had to confront the spread of what John of Tella implied was the dangerous physical pollution of Christian heresy.
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Al Gezon, Qembig, Aulia Fauziah Aldi i Nabilla Poetri Andini. "The Perlon Unggahan Ritual: Understanding Gender Equality in the Blangkon Islamic Community (Study in Pakuncen Village, Jatilawang District, Banyumas Regency)". IBDA` : Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya 20, nr 1 (29.06.2022): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v20i1.5522.

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This research aims to describe the division of the roles of men and women in the ritual procession of the Perlon unggahan of the Blangkhon Islamic community, and to describe the meaning of the division of the roles of men and women in the ritual of the Perlon unggahan of the Blanghon Islamic community. This research uses a qualitative method. Data collection methods were carried out by means of in-depth inter- views, observation, documentation studies, and literature studies. The results of the study show that one of the main values in the ritual of the Perlon unggahan is respect for women, that women are representatives of God because humans are born in the world through female intermedi- aries. This main value shows the existence of gender equality in the ritual of the Perlon unggahan where male followers do not dominate and women are not considered subordinated, because there are unique roles that can- not be performed by men such as women being allowed to purify them- selves and come to Kyai Bonoheling’s grave first, in the past while the men were in charge of coohing. In addition, men and women are treated equally, namely walhing barefoot carrying produce of the earth from the Cilacap Regency area to Pehuncen Village, Banyumas Regency. Both men and women are given the freedom to follow the ritual according to their wishes, without any coercion and social sanctions.
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Amin, Yasmin. "Prayer in Islamic Thought and Practice". American Journal of Islam and Society 32, nr 2 (1.04.2015): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v32i2.983.

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Prayer in Islamic Thought and Practice, part of the “Themes in Islamic History”series, is divided into an introduction, five chapters, and a short conclusion.In the introduction, the author focuses on ṣalāt, the five canonical dailyprayers. The book offers a historical study based mainly on pre-modern Arabicsources from the ninth to the sixteenth century, which is supplemented by secondary and modern non-Arabic sources to cover major changes in the practiceor interpretation of ṣalāt (p. 2). Katz quotes the views of pre-modern and modernwestern observers, thereby showing their sympathy and admiration for theconcentration, devotion, seriousness, reverence, regularity, egalitarianism, andinclusiveness associated with it.In Chapter 1, “Canonical Prayer and Supplication, Development, andRules,” Katz traces the etymology of the term’s linguistic origin, historic significance,and pre-Islamic meaning. She quotes Q. 31:17 to show that it wasnot used exclusively in reference to monotheism or the Abrahamic faiths. Șalātis explained both in terms of the prayer’s religious content and physical postures.Its validity is discussed and shown to be dependent upon several conditions,such as the knowledge of specific times, ritual purity, orientation toMakkah, and intention. The prayer components (arkān) are also dealt with indetail ...
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6

Mamizhev, E. M., I. B. Dzhalilov, B. I. Aslanov, T. Kh Kemryugov, S. S. Krestianinov, V. K. Osetnik i A. A. Kharsov. "Islam and urostoma: a modern view through the prism of a religiously traditional legal system". Cancer Urology 16, nr 3 (19.11.2020): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9776-2020-16-3-205-208.

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Patients who practice Islam often refuse the proposed type of treatment for malignant neoplasms, citing religious reasons. Most fear that complete or partial non-retention of urine, the presence of a urostoma (ileal conduit) will violate their ritual purity and, as a result, their religious duties. The consequence of such refusal of treatment may be a lower quality of life, compared with patients of other faiths. Unfortunately, a low awareness of religious responsibilities among surgeons performing pelvic exentesis, cystectomy, prostatectomy, may prevent a full-fledged discussion of these issues before surgery. The presented review of the literature examined studies, legal aspects, and religious arguments that assist doctors in choosing treatment tactics for patients.
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7

Poirier, John C., i Joseph Frankovic. "Celibacy and Charism in 1 Cor 7:5–7". Harvard Theological Review 89, nr 1 (styczeń 1996): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816000031783.

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The diversity among introductions to Paul is a tribute to the apostle's genius. There are two basic reasons for the diversity of opinion that exists today: First, internal incoherency—the difficulty of sorting Paul's thought into center and periphery (or event and context); and second, external incoherency—the gaps in our information about one of the most famous and interesting lives of all time. No consensus has emerged on the question of Paul's place in the world. We make this point not because this study will address the problem directly, but because we shall make inferences from one of the views in current circulation, namely that there is a basis to Paul's claim to Pharisaism (Phil 3:5). Attacking this view, some scholars have thought of him as a “would-be Pharisee” at best. We, nevertheless, think that the preponderance of evidence situates Paul in a universalist Jewish, probably Pharisaic, context. Paul believed that many of the law's prescriptions were still valid. As an illustration of Paul's belief in the continuing validity of the law, this essay attempts to show that 1 Cor 7:5–7 is best understood in the context of ritual purity concerns. These concerns include both the injunction for spouses to abstain from sexual activity for a time of prayer and Paul's defense of a celibate lifestyle within his own charismatic self-understanding.
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8

Sourki, Babak Kaviani, i Nasrallah Emami. "Dūlāb: From Imagery to Actual Musical Instrument". International Journal of Persian Literature 7 (wrzesień 2022): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/intejperslite.7.0077.

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Abstract Using various sources such as scores, literature, photos, interviews, and other pertinent data, this study examines the evolution of Dūlāb into a musical instrument.1 Dūlāb evolves from the concepts of Dūlāb Āsiyāb (mill wheel), Dūlāb Chāh (well wheel), and Dūlāb Falak (celestial sphere). Irrigation, mills, together with knowledge of astronomy and, finally, the conceptualization of the image in the mind of the writers and poets certainly were also the fledglings of Dūlāb in Persian culture. Here are the stages of note in the development of this musical instrument: (1) Poets’ broad employment of the word Dūlāb, although under different auspices; (2) compilation of views by Brethren of Purity (Ikhwān al-Ṣafā) as per their association of sounds with heaven by means of Dūlāb; (3) Rumi’s weaving of Dūlāb into his uber-mystical context whereby the symbolic discourse regarding it is systematically developed; (4) well wheels, mill wheels, and celestial sphere (falak) as well as spinning wheels and spinning Sufi rituals (samā‘).
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9

Oliinyk, K. "MYSTERY AS A META-GENRE IN THE DRAMA OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY". Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка. Філологічні науки, nr 2(95) (17.12.2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/philology.2(95).2021.17-26.

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The article examines the specificity of existence of the renewed mystery genre as a meta genre in the twentieth century. The main literary study views on the definition of ancient and medieval / Christian ritual mystery are analyzed. The beginning of the twentieth century was full of a general feeling of catastrophe and tragic hopelessness. In artistic terms, the consequence of this was the activation of Christian issues, motives, plots, religious genres (miracles, morality and mystery). The most universal from the point of view of the ideological message and content for the writers of the twentieth century. was the matrix of the medieval mystery, which retained the ritual basis in its primary structure. This made it possible for the multilevel organization of the action and the space for it. The genre of medieval mystery is being modified, it ceases to be a purely form of religious action and acquires the quality of a meta genre. There is a transition from the religious sphere to the secular one, and the aesthetic one is replacing the didactic load. Mystery begins to exist on the edge of genres as a synthetic formation, showing intentions to “help” other genres. A large number of dramatic works of the twentieth century. ("Forest Song" by Lesia Ukrainka, "Iconostasis of Ukraine" by Vіra Vovk) comes close to the mystery, using its archetypal components: the ideas of faith in the absolute beginning, governing the eternal rotation of life and death, world order and harmony, death and rebirth, transformations of the human soul, chosenness and initiation associated with trials, sacrifice, deepening into mysticism. Such works are a certain imitation with elements of mythological or religious subjects. So, the twentieth century, actualizes a certain involvement of the semantic content of dramas to the mysteries, bringing the mystery to the level of the meta genre.
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Rashidov, Firuz. "Organizational legal basis of cooperation of civil society institutions in the Republic of Uzbekistan". Общество и инновации 4, nr 3/S (4.05.2023): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss3/s-pp312-319.

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In the Republic of Uzbekistan, institutions of civil society, including public associations and other non-governmental non-profit organizations, self-government bodies of citizens, and mass media form a basis of civil society. Political parties are a separate institution of civil society and are voluntary associations of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan formed on the basis of common views, interests, and goals, striving to realize the political will of a certain part of society in the formation of state authorities, and participating in the management of state and public affairs through their representatives. Religious organizations are voluntary associations of citizens registered in accordance with the established procedure, organized for the purpose of religious belief, worship, and performing religious rituals and ceremonies, which do not make a profit as the main goal of their activities and do not distribute the received income among their participants. The charters of political parties state the following goals of their activities: preservation and enrichment of spiritual values, customs, and traditions, rich historical heritage, increasing the sense of national identity among citizens, creating favorable conditions for the formation and strengthening of national pride, loyalty and love for the Motherland, inter-ethnic strengthening of relations, development of friendship and solidarity, fighting against all aspects of nationalism, religious extremism, terrorism, promoting inter-religious tolerance, peace, and stability, inter-ethnic harmony. The charter of mosques under the jurisdiction of the Muslim Board of Uzbekistan stipulates that the following objectives and tasks should be fulfilled: following the principles of mutual respect and harmony between all Muslims, those who believe in other religions or those who do not believe in any religion, and all nationalities, while explaining religious rules to citizens, patriotism, nationalism, faith-believing, spiritual and moral purity, education in the spirit of respect for national-spiritual values. The article discusses the possibilities of cooperation in social issues of public associations with mutually compatible goals and tasks.
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11

Tutorsky, Andrey V. "Sura: Ethnographer’s Views". Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 102 (1.03.2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-1-15-24.

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The article gives a concise ethnographic characteristic of Sura village and its surroundings. The first part of the article is devoted to the issue of passageways in the vicinity of the village. The author utilizes M.V. Vitov’s approach to the problem of river traffic in the North. Furthermore, the reindeer-raising passageways are shown and the connection of those passageways with the Chuprov Bor landmark, on the Pinega side opposite to Sura, is described. The second part of the article offers a concise characteristic of two rituals: wedding ritual and “metishche” (specially selected place for festivals). The wedding ritual differs substantially from the Pinezh urban wedding ritual. The “Metishche” ritual on St. Peter’s Day is characterized on the basis of the literary description by S.G. Pisakhov. The third part of the article is devoted to the description of the events of 1920–1930 in Sura on the basis of the memories of L.A. Kychina (Malkina). Such issues as pre-kolkhoz life, collectivization and stratification in kolkhoz are touched upon.
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12

Kamvysselis, Maria Ioannis Kellis. "Melukat: Exploring the Educational Significance of Purity in Balinese Ritual Practices and Religious Leadership Development". Journal of Education and Learning 12, nr 5 (20.07.2023): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v12n5p102.

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This study explores the educational significance of purity in Balinese ritual practices and religious leadership development. Purity is a central concept in the Āgama Tīrtha religion of Bali, which is a unique blend of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Tantra. The study uses autoethnography as its methodology to understand the strength of the Balinese beliefs and the impact of ritual practices on education and leadership development. The study focuses on the water purification ceremony (Upacara Melukat), which is of central importance to the daily Sūrya-Sevana, worship of the sun. The study examines the impact of purity, pollution, anomaly, and taboo on Balinese gender roles, traditions, ceremonies, and religious leadership. It argues that the need for purity is the motivator for rigidity in Balinese society and religious leadership and that purity ideals could also be behind other biases. The study concludes that the motivation behind the rules and taboos observed and documented is the preservation of the very Balinese identity. This study contributes to the existing knowledge in the field of Balinese ritual practices, faith-based healing traditions, and religious leadership development.
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13

Jason, Mark. "Ritual Purity and the Dead Sea Scrolls". Journal for the Study of Judaism 40, nr 1 (2009): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006308x376040.

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Yoder, Klaus C. "Purity and Pollution in Protestant Ritual Ethics". Church History 86, nr 1 (marzec 2017): 33–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640717000506.

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Purification of the Church is frequently invoked to narrate Protestant justifications for the break from Rome during the Reformation. It also functions to link the Reformation to a process of modern disenchantment. However, little attention has been paid to the rhetoric of pollution and precisely how the reformers articulated the dangers of polluted ritual. The historical location of the sources examined here is the middle decades of the 16th century when Protestants were dealing with political setbacks to the Reformation cause in the Holy Roman Empire, particularly the imposition of the Augsburg Interim by Charles V. This law was designed to find some middle ground between Catholics and Protestants until the schism would be settled at the Council of Trent. However, the debates about whether certain ceremonies, supposedly non-binding with respect to doctrinal commitments, could be used for politically expedient purposes, pushed Protestant thinkers to reassess the power and dangers of liturgical practices and paraphernalia. This article interprets the discourse of pollution in Protestant controversies about compromise in ritual matters by treating the responses of two theologians writing against the Interim from different parts of Germany: Joachim Westphal and Wolfgang Musculus. By laying out the causes of ritual pollution and its negative effects upon body and soul according to individuals who worked for reform in both their intellectual activity as well as their pastoral service, this article demonstrates the importance of ritual matters for Protestant moral thought.
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Borrelli, Noemi, i Eduardo A. Escobar. "Crafting Purity in Assyro-Babylonian Procedures". ARYS. Antigüedad: Religiones y Sociedades, nr 20 (7.10.2022): 27–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/arys.2022.6857.

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Assyro-Babylonian procedural texts for making cult objects dated to the 1st millennium BCE provide an untapped resource for examining scribal conceptions of craft and purity in the ancient world. Ritual procedures for “opening of the mouth” of a cult statue (mīs pî), and for manufacturing a ritual drum called the lilissu, constitute the principal focus of this two-part study. This work uses three themata – time, space, and the material world – to provide the scaffolding for a comparative analysis that spans various centuries and localities, highlighting the ways in which “purity” was crafted in cuneiform scholarly cultures.
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Hayes, Christine, i Hyam Maccoby. "Ritual and Morality: The Ritual Purity System and Its Place in Judaism". Jewish Quarterly Review 93, nr 1/2 (lipiec 2002): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1455495.

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Warren, David H. "Salafi Ritual Purity: In the Presence of God". Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 26, nr 1 (16.10.2014): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2014.964078.

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Mohr, Richard D. "Policy, Ritual, Purity: Gays and Mandatory AIDS Testing". Law, Medicine and Health Care 15, nr 4 (grudzień 1987): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1987.tb01031.x.

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Miller, Yonatan S. "Sabbath-Temple-Eden". Journal of Ancient Judaism 9, nr 1 (19.05.2018): 46–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/21967954-00901004.

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Despite repeated biblical mentions of the sanctity of the Sabbath and numerous imperatives to keep the day holy, there is little in rabbinic writings on the Sabbath reflecting these facets of the day’s observance. In contrast, Jewish writers from the Second Temple period and members of the Samaritan-Israelites actively sanctified the Sabbath by maintaining the day in a state of ritual purity. In this article, I reassess the exegetical and theological origins of this latter practice. I illustrate how non-rabbinic writers were attuned to the web of biblical connections between Sabbath, Tabernacle/Temple, and Eden, which they understood as bringing the Sabbath into the realm of cultic law. Just as access to the Temple demanded the ritual purity of the entrant, so too entering the Sabbath day. This “spatialization” of ritual time coheres with other known extensions of the domain of Temple laws. With these findings as a backdrop, I present the previously unexplained ritual purity tangents attested in Mishnah Shabbat as both responding to, and dismissing, the sectarian practice. This move coheres with an additional phenomenon, whereby the rabbis systematically disengaged the imperative to sanctify the Sabbath from the people. Whereas Jewish theologians see in the rabbinic Sabbath a temporal Temple, such an understanding is foreign to rabbinic literature and instead finds its best articulation in sectarian sources.
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Adler, Yonatan. "Between Priestly Cult and Common Culture:". Journal of Ancient Judaism 7, nr 2 (14.05.2016): 228–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/21967954-00702005.

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Although miqwa’ot and chalkstone vessels have been found throughout Israel, the unparalleled number of such finds at Jerusalem has conventionally been explained in terms of the special demands of the Temple cult and of the city’s priestly residents. In light of a growing number of archaeological discoveries from the past number of years, however, the conception that Jerusalem and its Temple served as focal points of ritual purity observance deserves to be significantly reevaluated. The new data indicate that regular, widespread use of ritual baths and chalkstone vessels was not at all unique to Jerusalem or the priesthood, but rather was commonplace to a comparable degree in Jewish society throughout early Roman Judea. Jews everywhere throughout the country strove on a regular basis to maintain the purity of their bodies, clothing, utensils, food, and drink, and there is no reason to suppose that in doing so they somehow had the Temple in mind. Most Jews living at this time would probably have understood the pentateuchal purity regulations as prescribing that ritual purity be maintained on a regular basis in ordinary, everyday life – without specific regard to the Temple or its cult. This new understanding encourages us to reinterpret the archaeological finds from Jerusalem as reflecting an important facet of prevailing common culture rather than as stemming from the unique sanctity of Jerusalem, the Temple, or its priests.
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Craghan, John F. "Book Review: Ritual and Morality: The Ritual Purity System and its Place in Judaism". Biblical Theology Bulletin: Journal of Bible and Culture 30, nr 3 (sierpień 2000): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014610790003000305.

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Hasanova, M. I. "Theoretical views on specifics of ceremonial lexicons Khujand dialect". ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 104, nr 4 (2023): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-12-2023-210.

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The article dwells on the specifics of ritual wedding vocabulary in Khujand dialect. In order to study the peculiarities of the vocabulary of wedding rituals, the linguistic nature of the vocabulary of the vocabulary of the wedding ritual was investigated and represents a linguistic description of the peculiarities of ritual (wedding) vocabulary in Khujand dialect, taking into account the tradition of historical and modern lexicology of the Tajik language and ethnolinguistics.
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Porten, Bezalel, i Ada Yardeni. "Ostracon Clermont-Ganneau 125(?): A Case of Ritual Purity". Journal of the American Oriental Society 113, nr 3 (lipiec 1993): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605393.

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Hayes, Christine. "Ritual and Morality: The Ritual Purity System and its Place in Judaism (review)". Jewish Quarterly Review 93, nr 1-2 (2002): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2002.0014.

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Rogan, Wil. "Purity in Early Judaism: Current Issues and Questions". Currents in Biblical Research 16, nr 3 (31.05.2018): 309–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476993x17751160.

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The study of purity has become a crucial undertaking in the scholarly quest to understand the social and theological dimensions of early Judaism and the texts that early Jews both formed and were formed by. This article surveys scholarly literature on purity in ancient and early Judaism, in order to identify and address four areas of critical inquiry that ought to be taken into consideration when questions about purity arise in the study of early Jewish writings: (1) the conceptualization of purity as a symbolic system; (2) the distinction between kinds of purity (ritual, moral, and genealogical); (3) the relation of purity to the temple and, more broadly, to space; and (4) the function of purity to construct and maintain social identity. Attention to these critical issues promises to give clarity, direction and depth to scholarship on purity in early Judaism.
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Gauvain, Richard. "Ritual Rewards: A Consideration of Three Recent Approaches to Sunni Purity Law". Islamic Law and Society 12, nr 3 (2005): 333–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851905774608251.

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AbstractIn an effort to raise interest in the subject of Islam's ritual legal material, I discuss here the strengths and weaknesses of three recent studies of Sunni Islamic purity law (taharah). In light of these studies, I investigate the degree to which theories and models drawn from the fields of anthropology and comparative religion may be said to shed light on Islamic ritual law and practice. As—to varying degrees—each of my selected authors contests the theories of cultural anthropologist Mary Douglas, special attention is paid to her work. My own opinion is that, as long as we proceed cautiously, an awareness of anthropological approaches and cross-cultural data, such as that proposed by Douglas, can be helpful in understanding (the uniqueness of) Islamic ritual law; and that there are wide-ranging benefits for students of Islam, anthropology and comparative religion in doing just this.
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Olyan, Saul. "Purity Ideology in Ezra-Nehemiah as a Tool to Reconstitute the Community". Journal for the Study of Judaism 35, nr 1 (2004): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006304772913050.

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AbstractResponding to recent treatments of purity and impurity in Ezra-Nehemiah by J. Klawans and C. Hayes, the author argues that Ezra-Nehemiah's purity ideology is innovative and distinct, drawing upon a variety of precedents from both the "moral" and "ritual" impurity traditions. The purity ideology of Ezra-Nehemiah functions as one of several significant tools used to reconfigure the Judean community through the redefinition of who is a Judean and the expulsion of those classed as aliens. The author explores the rhetoric of purity and pollution in Ezra-Nehemiah from the perspective of the work in its final form and that of the text's hypothetical sources.
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Ames, Tracy. "Fellowship, Pharisees and the common people in early Rabbinic tradition". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 34, nr 3-4 (wrzesień 2005): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842980503400302.

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This paper explores the phenomenon of non-priestly purity within the ancient Jewish purity system and examines passages in Tannaitic literature that refer to p'rushim (Pharisees), haverim and ne'e-manim, all of whom have been associated with practising non-priestly purity laws during the Second Temple period. The 'am ha-aretz, people accused of non-compliance with ritual purity, are also a focus of the paper. An analysis of the terms p'rushim, haverim, ne'emanim and 'am ha-aretz reveals that variant meanings have been attached to these categories in different passages of rabbinic literature and that the terms are fluid and resist classification. The findings of this paper challenge some of the prevailing theories that attempt to explain the phenomenon of non-priestly purity in ancient Israel.
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Rygovskiy, Danila. "“Pure”, “Profane” and “Filthy”: Old Believers’ Conceptualization of Ritual Purity". Slavic & Jewish Cultures: Dialogue, Similarities, Differences, nr 2018 (2018): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3356.2018.12.

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This article considers how Siberian Old Believers of Chasovennoe confession conceptualize the ritual purity. Though this is one of the Old Believers’ communities that elaborated a system of taboos, they have always been establishing stable interconfessional connections. This paradox is neutralized by deeper understanding on the nature of Old Believers’ taboo system as contradiction and correlation of vernacular practice and written rules. One of these practices, the so called “tableware rule”, due to adjustment of several ethical principles, such as moral rules and supernatural injunctions (terms by Robert Edgerton) offer a wide range of options of interconfessional behavior to Old Believers.
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30

Mermelstein, Ari. "Emotional Regimes, Ritual Practice, and the Shaping of Sectarian Identity". Biblical Interpretation 24, nr 4-5 (15.11.2016): 492–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-02445p04.

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In this article, I explore the role that the purification rites attested in some of the sectarian Dead Sea Scrolls played in identity construction. Ritual ablutions communicated “canonical” messages to initiates about some of the group’s foundational beliefs, including the worthlessness of humanity, the gift of divine election, and the sharp boundary between insiders and outsiders. These messages were channeled through the emotions that the sect associated with ritual ablutions: shame, disgust, and grief with the ritual actor’s former state of impurity, joy and honor upon receiving the undeserved divine gift of purity, love for other pure insiders, and hate for all impure outsiders. By evoking emotions – “embodied thoughts” – that reflect core sectarian values, the embodied ritual became a vehicle through which the sectarian “emotional regime” transformed the ritual actor into the embodiment of the sectarian worldview.
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31

Maghen, Ze'ev. "Close Encounters: Some Preliminary Observations on the Transmission of Impurity in Early Sunnī Jurisprudence". Islamic Law and Society 6, nr 3 (1999): 348–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568519991223784.

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AbstractThe Prophet said, al-tahāra shatr al-īmān, "purity is half of faith." In this essay, I attempt to elucidate what appears to be a uniquely Islamic approach to the acquisition and impartation of ritually pollutive states. Based on a survey of relevant hadīth exempla and fiqh discussions—including sections dealing with saliva as a premier conductor of pollution, janāba (sexually induced impurity), menstruation, mulāmasa (contact with the opposite sex), and the question of water already used in ablutions—I argue that the sharī'a accords all human beings a clean ritual slate from birth, and, what is more surprising, flatly denies the possibility of persons becoming ceremonially contaminated or contributing to the ritual defilement of others under any circumstances. These characteristics make the Islamic tahāra system an intriguing anomaly in the world of religious purity codes.
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Rosenberg, Michael. "The Conflation of Purity and Prohibition: An Interpretation of Leviticus 18:19". Harvard Theological Review 107, nr 4 (październik 2014): 447–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816014000364.

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In recent years, there has been a surge in the study of ritual impurity and its relationship to immorality (or, perhaps more accurately, prohibited activity) in biblical literature and early Judaism. Yet relatively scant attention has been paid to one of the most important topics pertaining to impurity—the menstrual laws of Leviticus (the laws of[niddah]) and their development in early Jewish texts. Theniddahlaws are uniquely important because they appear both in the context of ritual-impurity legislation (Leviticus 12 and Leviticus 15) and in the context of legislation concerning prohibited acts (Lev 18:19 and Lev 20:18). Or, to put it another way: biblical menstrual laws comprise both impurity and prohibition elements.
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Meir Dviri, Mina. "When does the ritual of mythic symbolic type start and when does it end?" Semiotica 2018, nr 225 (6.11.2018): 141–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2017-0032.

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Abstract Mythic symbolic type is a unique cultural structure that permits no exit to the one who has lost his “self” to it. The semi-commune Little Home housed a community of mythic symbolic types which engendered a ritual of their own in which the men trapped within the type moved between its two edges, purity and impurity. But since there is no exit from the type, the question is how and when the ritual begins and ends? What kind of ritual is the mythic symbolic type’s? As an answer, the following article presents an ethnography of the ritual in the semi-commune Little Home where mythic symbolic type was found, and a conceptual map of this world with the help of Bateson’s play paradox and a self-correcting model.
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34

Watts, James W. "Stuart S. Miller: At the Intersection of Texts and Material Finds". Entangled Religions 3 (18.08.2016): LXXX—LXXXIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/er.v3.2016.lxxx-lxxxiii.

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This contribution offers a review of:Stuart S. Miller: At the Intersection of Texts and Material Finds. Stepped Pools, Stone Vessels, and Ritual Purity Among the Jews of Roman Galilee. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015. 423 pages with 22 fig., € 140, ISBN 9783525550694
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35

Mustafa, Abdul-Rahman. "Ritual and Rationality in Islam: A Case Study on Nail Polish". Islamic Law and Society 27, nr 3 (6.08.2020): 240–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685195-00260a09.

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Abstract This article examines an ongoing controversy in Islamic ritual law concerning the effect of nail polish on one’s ritual purity. Ritual law serves as the canvas on which some of the most intriguing debates on Islamic theology, rationality and legal reasoning are sketched out as rival conceptualizations of the nature of God – as a rational and merciful agent or as supra-rational being – generate rival sets of jurisprudential and legal doctrines. The study of ritual law also reveals key fault lines in contemporary Sunni Islamic legal and theological thought, particularly the ways in which scholars expressing varying degrees of sympathy with Salafism – from the South Asian Ahl-e Ḥadīth tradition, the Ahl al-Ḥadīth tradition and the Ḥanbalī tradition – create new positions in Sunni law while continuing to champion principles and precedents valorized in Salafism and making their arguments legible in Sunnism.
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36

Bergholm, Alexandra. "Ritual Lamentation in the Irish Penitentials". Religions 12, nr 3 (18.03.2021): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12030207.

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Some of the earliest references to ritual lamentation or keening in the early Irish sources are found in the penitential handbooks dated to around the seventh and eighth centuries. In previous scholarship, these passages have commonly been interpreted as evidence of the continuous attempts of the Church to curb pagan practices among the ‘nominally Christian’ populace, thus assuming that such regulations were primarily used as a means of social control. This article examines the wider theological and intellectual context of these texts, by focusing in particular on the influence of the Old Testament on early Irish ecclesiastical writing. It will be argued that the demonstrable preoccupation of these sources with issues such as ritual purity and proper religious observance suggests that the stipulations pertaining to lamentation were not solely intended to regulate lay behavior.
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Noam, Vered. "The Dual Strategy of Rabbinic Purity Legislation". Journal for the Study of Judaism 39, nr 4-5 (2008): 471–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006308x297750.

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AbstractAn examination of Tannaic sources uncovers a dual strategy regarding the bounds of non-priestly purity. On the one hand, it was common during the period of the Second Temple and thereafter to exercise extreme caution in keeping impurity away even from the profane. On the other hand, however, the sages acted overtly to maintain a clear distinction between the theoretical-biblical concept of ritual impurity, which was steadily limited to the sacred, and the much more stringent customs they lived by. The article argues that, contrary to what has been accepted in the literature, there never existed any disagreement on this issue in the rabbinic world.
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Royyani, Mohammad Fathi, i Abdul Syukur. "Traditional Ritual, Water Conservation, and Islamic Thought". Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage 2, nr 2 (1.02.2016): 120–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31291/hn.v2i2.111.

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Traditional ritual is a kind of expression of art and culture as well as a form of human appreciation of nature, gained through long term and perpetual processes. Traditional ritual thus can thus be regarded as traditional wisdom. Kawin Cai is one of the traditional rituals in Kuningan society derived from inter religious views. Through this ritual we could tell that the people respect their natural environment for sustainable living. Nonetheless, most of the symbolic practices in the ritual are no longer understood by the people, so that anthropological approach is needed to interpret them.
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Campbell, Jonathan G. "Ritual and Morality: The Purity System and its Place in Judaism". Journal of Jewish Studies 51, nr 1 (1.04.2000): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18647/2250/jjs-2000.

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Tabrizi, Taymaz G. "Ritual Purity and Buddhists in Modern Twelver Shi'a Exegesis and Law". Journal of Shi'a Islamic Studies 5, nr 4 (2012): 455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/isl.2012.0058.

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Stewart, Alistair C. "Purity, Community, and Ritual in Early Christian Literature. By Moshe Blidstein". Journal of Theological Studies 69, nr 2 (11.07.2018): 814–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jts/fly059.

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Lander, Shira L. "Purity, Community, and Ritual in Early Christian Literature by Moshe Blidstein". Journal of Early Christian Studies 27, nr 1 (2019): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/earl.2019.0005.

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Clarke, Joanne. "Decorating the Neolithic: an Evaluation of the Use of Plaster in the Enhancement of Daily Life in the Middle Pre-pottery Neolithic B of the Southern Levant". Cambridge Archaeological Journal 22, nr 2 (23.05.2012): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774312000224.

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During the Middle Pre-pottery Neolithic B in the southern Levant the use of lime plaster in both ritual and domestic contexts increased significantly relative to previous periods. Its properties of whiteness, purity, plasticity and antisepsis would have made it a natural choice for decorating, and through the act of colouring disparate categories of objects were linked together. Plaster appears to have transcended its own inherent value as a material due to its interconnectedness with mortuary ritual. Because of its ubiquity, this socially ascribed value was accessible to everyone. This article will claim that plaster, and the act of plastering both ritual and domestic contexts played a key role in the creation and maintenance of community cohesion and social well-being.
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Ismoilov, L. E., i R. T. Yuzmukhametov. "The Concept of “Water” (Ob) in the Sufi World View of Late Medieval Transoxiana Sufism". Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 39 (2022): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2022.39.134.

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The article reveals the Sufi meaning of the word “water” used in the Lives of Muslim Saints, or manakibs that appeared in Transoxiana in the 16th century. Water is widely used in the ritual practice of Sufis. Water is also important in spiritual searches, both as a purifying substance and as a source of life energy. The role of holy sources is exceptionally great in Sufism, people come to these holy places to purify themselves spiritually and worship holy images, both Sufis and ordinary people come there. The concept of “water” and its specific reflection in the manakibs indicates its importance in Sufism. In addition, typologically common features are found in people's attitude to water and to the sanctification of water in almost all world religions and cultures.
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Swartz, Michael D. "“Like the Ministering Angels”: Ritual and Purity in Early Jewish Mysticism and Magic". AJS Review 19, nr 2 (listopad 1994): 135–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009400005717.

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Students of religion are aware that the same ritual act can have many meanings depending on the cultural context. As Walter Kaelber observes, “Viewed cross-culturally, a given ascetic form may have different, even opposite objectives.” Accordingly, the same detail may have entirely opposite meanings in different ascetic regimens. Thus for the biblical Daniel and his ascetic heirs, beans were an ideal food, probably because they are dry and not susceptible to impurity; but for Pythagoreans and others, they were to be avoided perhaps because in certain Mediterranean populations, they presented an actual medical danger. These factors alert us to the principle that understanding a ritual system in its cultural context is vital. They also encourage us to read rituals and actions as we read texts–coding their creators' statements about what they value in a religious system and what they aspire to be.
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Platon, Elena. "The Representation of Ritual (Im)Purity Through Meteorological Metaphors in Folkloric Language". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 68, nr 1 (31.03.2023): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2023.1.03.

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"The Representation of Ritual (Im)Purity through Meteorological Metaphors in Folkloric Language. For the mythical-magical thinking of archaic and traditional communities, ritualistic purity represents a fundamental dimension of the entire universe, most often linguistically expressed through a reference to its antinomian pair, with the help of the clean-unclean opposition. According to the degree of contamination with various impure things, such as the multitude of good and evil spirits that populated the world, both space and time were qualitatively differentiated in good places and bad places, good hours and evil hours. People themselves had, in turn, to fulfil this condition of ritual purity, before beginning an important activity. If they were not pure from this point of view, they would be unsuccessful whether it was about working in the fields, going to church, or travelling somewhere. However, these metaphors from folkloric language, long discussed in Romanian ethnological literature, will be invoked only as points of reference in our study, since we intend to closely analyse here some of the least investigated meteorological metaphors, such as morning dew, mist, clouds and rainbow. We consider that they too deserve close attention, considering that a person, as a passing being, is represented in many folkloric creations as a forever wanderer, who begins their path With morning dew on your feet/With mist on your back. Starting from the image of the bathed person and, thus, purified by the morning dew, but burdened by the thick, impure mist that they symbolically carry on their back, we will attempt to remake the imaginary scheme that connects the pure and the impure in the archaic mentality, a scheme organised not after the principle of antithesis, but of the ambivalence specific to symbolic logic. Keywords: pure, impure, morning dew, mist, cloud, hail, dragon, silver, rain, rainbow "
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Jenny, Magali. ""Souviens-toi, sois prudent": les pèlerinages motards". Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 22 (1.01.2010): 244–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67370.

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This paper presents a kind of pilgrimage which is different from the idea of the conventional pilgrimage, namely the pilgrimage of so-called pilgrimage bikers. The author views the pilgrimage of pilgrimage bikers as a making of a rhythmic ritual. In biker culture, issues of death and risk are present, why blessing the biker and the vehicle emerges as an important ritual.
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Förster, Niclas. "Jesus der Täufer und die Reinwaschung der Jünger". New Testament Studies 64, nr 4 (3.09.2018): 455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688518000152.

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The dispute ‘about purification’ between the disciples of John the Baptist and a Jew (John 3.25) has to do with the priority of ethical purity as effected through baptism over the ritual washing prescribed by the Torah, e.g. before entering the Jerusalem temple. This issue is referred to in John 13.10 and 15.3, and also in P.Oxy. 840. It is presupposed here that the circle of Jesus’ disciples received John's baptism of repentance either from John the Baptist or from Jesus (John 3.22, 26; 4.1). The Gospel of John thus engages with an ongoing debate within Jewish Christianity about the obligatory nature of ritual washing.
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Rippin, Andrew, i Marion Holmes Katz. "Body of Text: The Emergence of the Sunnī Law of Ritual Purity". Journal of the American Oriental Society 124, nr 1 (styczeń 2004): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4132163.

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Harrington, Hannah K. "Did the Pharisees Eat Ordinary Food in a State of Ritual Purity?" Journal for the Study of Judaism 26, nr 1 (1995): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006395x00284.

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