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Atwood, Max J. "Lighting effects on video display terminals". Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9819.
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Joyner, Randy Love. "A comparison of errors detected: video display terminals vs. hardcopy". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54210.
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Information processing has altered the structure of the traditional office. Typewriters are no longer a necessity to prepare written business communication. As a result of a metamorphosis from manual data manipulation to electronic data processing, microcomputers and their related peripheral equipment are becoming the key link in the information system.
Increased usage of microcomputers and word processing software has been linked to decreased proficiency in detecting errors and in turn to decreased office productivity. Thus a number of questions arise including: Is it better to proofread from a hardcopy or a softcopy document? Does the color and contrast configuration of a video display terminal affect the operator's ability to proofread? The effect on the operator's ability to accurately detect errors in keyboarded text from different media has not been previously determined. This study was therefore completed to ascertain if a difference does exist.
Seventy-two individuals enrolled in four word processing classes at a western North Carolina community college comprised the individuals participating in this study. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, a pretest instrument, and one of four error detection instruments. The error detection instruments were presented in either a hardcopy or softcopy format. The softcopy format consisted of three video display terminal configurations. Analyses of covariance with pretest scores used as the covariate were used to compare the quantity and types of errors detected by error detection environment configurations.
Based on the findings from the analyses of data the following conclusions were derived.
1. Postsecondary word processing students have difficulty in finding errors in hardcopy and softcopy documents.
2. Postsecondary word processing students' abilities to detect errors in keyboarded text were not affected by the error detection environment–hardcopy or softcopy–during a ten-minute error detection process. Therefore, the printing of a hardcopy of keyboarded text when detecting errors for a short time period is not necessary.
3. Postsecondary word processing students' abilities to detect errors in keyboarded text were not affected by the video display terminal configurations examined in this study. A video display terminal’s color configuration is not a factor in the error detecting process for a short time period-ten minutes. Therefore, the color configuration of a video display terminal should not be a major consideration when purchasing new video display terminals for instructional use.
4. As the spelling Verification feature of word processing software does not detect all types of errors, instruction is needed in detecting errors that cannot be detected by the software’s spelling Verification feature.Ed. D.
3
Bird, Paul. "Elementary students' comprehension of computer presented text". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29187.
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The study investigated grade 6 students' comprehension of narrative text when presented on a computer and as printed words on paper. A set of comprehension tests were developed for three stories of varying length (382 words, 1047 words and 1933 words) using a skills hierarchy protocol. The text for each story was prepared for presentation on a Macintosh computer using a program written for the study and as print in the form of exact copies of the computer screen. Students from two grade 6 classes in a suburban elementary school were randomly assigned to read one of the stories in either print form or on the computer and subsequently completed a comprehension test as well as a questionnaire concerning attitude and personal information. The responses from the comprehension tests were evaluated by graduate students in Language Education. The data evolved from the tests and questionnaires were analysed to determine measures of test construct validity, inter-rater reliability, and any significant difference in the means of comprehension scores for the two experimental groups for each story.
The results indicated small but insignificant differences between the means of the three comprehension test scores for computer and print. A number of students reading from the computer complained of eye fatigue. The scores of subjects reading the longest story and complaining of eye fatigue were significantly lower.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
4
Broach, Dana Mosby. "The relationship of personality to the perception of risks associated with video display terminals /". Access abstract and link to full text, 1991. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9123411.
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Sucharov, Leon. "An investigation of new methods of creating three-dimensional multiplanar displays". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670223.
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Christensen, Cristina. "Performance measures and subjective evaluations for two color displays". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45714.
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The current study investigated the task performance and subjective preference for two color displays with differing image generation technologies, the standard cathode ray tube shadow mask (CRT) display and the newer liquid crystal/cathode ray tube (LC/CRT) display. Six subjects performed three different information processing tasks using each of the two color display technologies and expressed their display preference via evaluation questionnaires. Ambient illumination measurements were obtained to determine preferred conditions for each display.
A four-way factorial design was used to collect task performance data and ambient illumination preferences; performance data were collected as errors per unit task quantity for each of the task types. Subjective evaluations consisted of 20 five-interval bipolar adjective scales and a forced choice rating on eight display parameters. An analysis of variance procedure and post-hoc Newman-Keuls analyses were employed in the analyses of the performance and subjective bipolar adjective scale data; the forced choice rating scales were evaluated using the Sign Test.
The task performance results indicate that neither display produced better task performance. The subjective data revealed mixed results; while the bipolar adjective scales indicate no differences between the two display technologies, the forced choice rating shows a preference for the LC/CRT display on some display parameters.
A significant difference between the two displays was demonstrated for ambient illumination preferences; the LC/CRT was viewed in greater ambient illumination than the CRT display.Master of Science
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Tijerina, Louis. "Video display luminance and human performance : the effects of polarity, contrast, and absolute luminance on visual search /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262513409486.
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Wells, Emily Jean. "The effects of luminance contrast, raster modulation, and ambient illumination on text readability and subjective image quality". Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102009-040235/.
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Motta, Ricardo J. "An analytical model for the colorimetric characterization of color CRTs /". Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10937.
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Decker, Jennie Jo. "Display spatial luminance nonuniformities: effects on operator performance and perception". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54510.
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This dissertation examined the effects of display spatial luminance nonuniformities on operator performance and perception. The objectives of this research were to develop definitions of nonuniformity, develop accurate measurement techniques, determine acceptable levels of nonuniformities, and to develop a predictive model based on user performance data.
Nonuniformities were described in terms of spatial frequency, amplitude, display luminance, gradient shape, and number of dimensions. Performance measures included a visual random search task and a subjective measure to determine users' perceptions of the nonuniformities. Results showed that users were able to perform the search task in the presence of appreciable nonuniformities. lt was concluded that current published recommendations for acceptable levels of nonuniformities are adequately specified. Results from the subjective task showed that users were sensitive to the presence of nonuniformities in terms of their perceptions of uniformity.
Specifically, results showed that as spatial frequency increased, perceived uniformity ratings increased. That is, users rated nonuniformities to be less noticeable. As amplitude and display luminance increased, the users' ratings of perceived uniformity decreased; that is, they rated the display as being farther from a uniform field. There were no differences in impressions between a sine and triangle gradient shape, while a square gradient shape resulted in lower ratings of perceived uniformity. Few differences were attributed to the dimension (1-D versus 2- D) of the nonuniformity and results were inconclusive because dimension was confounded with the display luminance.
Nonuniformities were analyzed using Fourier techniques to determine the amplitudes of the coefficients for each nonuniformity pattern. These physical descriptors were used to develop models to predict users' perceptions of the nonuniformities. A few models yielded good fits of the subjective data. lt was concluded that the method for describing and measuring nonuniformities was successful. Also, the results of this research were in strong concurrence with previous research in the area of spatial vision.Ph. D.
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D'Angelo, John J. "A Study of the Relationship Between the Use of Color for Text in Computer Screen Design and the Age of the Computer User". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663711/.
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This study addresses an individual's performance, relating it to eyesight changes due to the aging of the individual and to color computer screens used for computer-based-instruction not designed specifically for older students.
This study determines how existing research in gerontology, human-computer interface, and color use in visual graphics can be applied to the design of computer screen displays containing color text and backgrounds and how various color combinations will affect performance by adult learners forty years of age and older.
The results of this research provide software developers and instructional designers guidelines to use when designing computer screen displays for use in instructional computing settings involving older adults.
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Tsui, Sin-mei. "A study on the association of individual and work-related factors with musculoskeletal disorders among display screen equipment (DSE) users". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b39724268.
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Knox, Stephen T. "An investigation of resolution and addressability requirements for digital display systems used in word-processing and computer-aided-drafting applications". PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3697.
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Two hardware factors contributing to the overall image quality of digital CR Ts are display resolution and addressability. The relationship between these two factors and human performance was modeled by a metric of display quality, the Resolution Addressability Ratio (RAR), and investigated within the contexts of Word-Processing (WP) and Computer-Aided-Drafting (CAD) tasks. The findings indicate a perceptual limit to MTF bandwidth improvements, and significant differences iii display quality requirements between the two applications. The regression of image quality as a function of RAR metric values resulted in an r2 = 0.94 for the WP task and an r2 = 0.79 for the CAD task. These findings are discussed in terms of engineering guidelines for the design of CRT and flat-panel displays for applications which vary by the amount of the density of information in their typical displays.
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Gorzynski, Mark E. "Achromatic perception in color image displays /". Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11243.
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Ouellette, Diane. "A study of the effect of surround and ambient lighting conditions on CRT screen colors /". Online version of thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10424.
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Lassiter, Donald L. "The effects of transient adaptation in simulated VDT operations". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28761.
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Downing, Jacqueline Victoria. "The effects of age, illumination, and anti-glare treatments on visual task performance and perceived image quality with VDTs". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54347.
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This dissertation investigated the effects of age on performance and image quality rating while varying screen surface treatment, ambient lighting, and character resolution. Five age groups were included, ranging from 18 to 69 years of age. The study used a factorial design to vary seven surface treatments which either reduced glare, enhanced contrast, or both; three lighting conditions, dark, diffuse, and specular; and two character resolutions, high and low, subtending visual angles of 16.1 arcmin. and 32.2 arcmin. respectively. Performance was measured using both a speed of reading task and a search task. In addition, subjects rated the image quality of displayed characters within each filter, lighting, resolution condition using a list of nine adjectives.
Results showed performance times to increase with age. The older age groups (40-49, 50-59, 60-69) performed better with the quarterwave filter, which enhanced contrast and reduced glare, and most poorly with the filters with the harshest etch (Gloss25) and the lowest transmission (31%). Performance was significantly slower for specular and dark lighting. A finding consistent with previous research indicated that extremely high luminance contrast degrades performance with low room illumination. Finally, for all conditions in which resolution was a factor performance was fastest and ratings were highest with the low resolution characters.Ph. D.
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Enderby, Glenn E. "Design facility utilizing VDTs /". Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10920.
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Aguilera, Camilo. "Retention and productivity in industrial search and scan tasks". To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Brown, Martin Reid. "Hardware Ergonomic Considerations in Middle School Classroom Computer and Video Display Terminal Installations". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332559/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the extent specific ergonomic factor implementations in computer and video display terminal (VDT) installations for student use in middle school classrooms. The data interpretations using existing furniture without modification or adaptation. Of all the seating observed, 75% of the seating met standards for middle school students. Keyboards and video display screens had been placed on existing tables and were all higher than ergonomically desirable for middle school students or adults.
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Arnaut, Lynn Y. "An evaluation of display/control gain in the context of control-display interface optimization". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49978.
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Display/control gain is the amount of movement that occurs on a display in response to a unit amount of movement on the control. Two studies were conducted to determine the adequacy of identifying the optimum gain for an interface as a method of control-display interface optimization.
The first study examined the effects of changes in both the maximum control input and the display width on target acquisition performance with a touch tablet and a trackball. The hypothesis that an interaction between the control input and the display output would determine performance was not supported for either device. There was a main effect of the control input for the touch tablet, and significant effects of the control input and the display width for the trackball. The results also indicate that, at least for the touch tablet, gain is not a sufficient specification for performance.
The second study evaluated the effects of changes in the display amplitude, the display target width, and the control amplitude. There were significant interactions among these three factors for both touch tablet and trackball target acquisition performance. These results extend the findings of the first study with respect to the inability of gain to predict performance. In addition, the inadequacy of Fitts' Law as it applies to the given interfaces is discussed.Ph. D.
incomplete_metadata
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Dowler, Elizabeth Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Effects of neutral posture on muscle tension, pain and performance for computer users". Awarded by:University of New South Wales, 1998. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/37113.
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This study focuses on developing a new approach to seated work positions. It was conducted on 67 office workers who use the Video Display Terminal (VDT) as a major function of their working day. Muscle tension was measured by surface electromyography when subjects were asked to adopt four selected working postures. Pain was measured before and after ergonomic intervention on the Nordic scale, which was modified for this study. Performance was measured on timed typing tests. A psychosocial questionnaire was used to determine influences of job demands, and a diagnostic assessment was performed to determine symptoms and pre-existing musculoskeletal conditions. Furniture was used to place subjects in desired positions during the clinical testing sessions and the extended intervention period. The chair seat pan was adjusted to a forward tilt to promote a lordotic curve of the low back, resulting in an erect upper body and upright head position. The desk and keyboard were adjusted to the proper height for each worker. A neutral wrist position was obtained by lowering and tilting the keyboard away from the user. Results revealed muscle tension scores in the upper trapezius and forearm extensors were significantly reduced when the workers were placed with the head in a midline position, with forward-tilting seating and with use of a negative sloping keyboard tray. Subjects reported low pain scores at pretest so no changes were noted after intervention. Loss of control over job elements, lack of job satisfaction, and fear of job loss were related to an increase in muscle tension. Only fear of job loss correlated to increased pain levels. There was no relationship between any of the job demand factors and performance.
23
Lee, Hyun Jean. "The screen as boundary object". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28226.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Literature, Communication, and Culture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Mazalek, Ali; Committee Member: Bolter, Jay David; Committee Member: Do, Ellen Yi-Luen; Committee Member: Nitsche, Michael; Committee Member: Winegarden, Claudia R.
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Gooding, Linda Wells. "Effects of retinal disparity depth cues on cognitive workload in 3-D displays". Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08062007-094403/.
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Payumo, Elizabeth. "A comparison of the effects of reading from a VDU and from paper as measured in terms of reading speed and comprehension". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1992. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1691.
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This study investigates the legibility and visual effects of eight combinations of font and colour on VDU and two different fonts on paper. Forty subjects, sixteen females and twenty-four males, were exposed to three of the ten different conditions, one in each of the set of readings, on either VDU or paper. They were asked to read different sets of stories in each condition on different days where each condition lasted for approximately two hours. Reading speed and comprehension scores were measured in every story read in the set of stories. The change of mood and physical symptoms states of the subjects were measured at the beginning and end of each conditions. Subjective ranking of the combinations of font and colour in the VDU environment were elicited from the subjects.
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Hunter, Marc W. "CRT anti-glare treatments, image quality, and human performance". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52323.
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This dissertation was a two-phase effort. Phase I investigated the physical image quality of 16 mesh, etched, and quarterwave antireflection filters for varying levels of filter transmissivity. Three levels of ambient lighting and two levels of monochrome CRT resolution were combined factorially with the filters. In addition, user measures of readability, legibility, and perceived image quality were obtained for these same filter and environmental conditions. Quantitative models were developed to predict the performance and subjective data based on signal and noise measures derived from the physical measurements. Phase II examined the effects of a wide range of filter transmissions and diffuse illuminance on measured image quality and the same user measures as in Phase I.
Phase I showed that while none of the glare filters yielded improved readability or legibility over a baseline condition, the etched and low transmission filters were notable for their degradation of human performance. Mesh and quarterwave filters were found to improve perceived image quality when a specular glare source was present. Modeling was minimally successful for the reading and legibility tasks, but yielded good fit models for perceived image quality. Phase II showed that when even extreme losses in display contrast occurred, users were capable of good reading and legibility performance. Perceived image quality was inversely related to illuminance level. Prediction of performance by image quality metrics was generally not too successful.
It was concluded that in office-type environments, mesh or quarterwave filters can be used to improve perceived image quality when specular glare sources are present, but that no anti-glare filters yielded enhanced short-term readability or legibility over a baseline. Etched filters were not recommended. Measures of physical image quality proved to be good predictors of perceived image quality, but not of timed measures of readability or legibility. Under moderate lighting conditions, monochrome CRTs should be fitted with fairly high transmission filters as it was found the contrast enhancement offered by low transmission filters had negligible effects on performance. Finally, consistent and repeatable findings of degraded legibility for high luminance contrast levels (low illuminance) generated questions as to the existing standards regarding maximum contrast requirements for CRT use.Ph. D.
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Highnote, Susan M. "Color discrimination of small targets /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3089477.
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Estepa, Adriana Paola Castillo 1989. "Saúde visual no trabalho e a síndrome da visão do computador em professores universitários". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312509.
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Orientador: Aparecida Mari IgutDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T00:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Estepa_AdrianaPaolaCastillo_M.pdf: 4613304 bytes, checksum: 19e87ad38d3723336006e6b5ea012417 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Introdução: Os computadores são parte da vida moderna e seu uso deles massificado; diariamente as pessoas passam várias horas diante de uma tela pelas diversas facilidades no trabalho, no lazer, na conectividade, entre outros. Ao mesmo tempo também trazem riscos à saúde de seus usuários, sendo descritos problemas psicológicos, problemas musculoesqueléticos e problemas visuais; estes últimos apresentam uma alta prevalência (50%-70%) e os sintomas visuais e oculares, que trazem incômodos para realização de atividades com o computador, reduzem a produtividade dos trabalhadores e diminuem a qualidade de vida dos usuários de computadores. Estes efeitos à saúde visual têm sido pouco estudados pela comunidade científica. Objetivos: Levantar a frequência de casos da Síndrome da Visão do Computador em professores universitários e identificar os fatores de risco associados à presença da CVS. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo de tipo transversal observacional e participam professores de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo; foram aplicados dois questionários, um versando sobre aspectos do trabalho e do uso de computadores e outro, sobre sintomas oculares e visuais. Além disso, foram realizados exames visuais. A coleta de dados foi feita entre os meses de Fevereiro a Dezembro de 2013 no campus da universidade. Critérios de Inclusão: Professores da universidade. Critérios de Exclusão: Professores que não usem o computador. Resultados: Em uma amostra de 53 professores a Síndrome da Visão do Computador foi encontrada em 30 professores, 19 deles classificados com a forma leve da Síndrome, 10 com a moderada e 1 com a severa; os sintomas que mais incomodaram os professores foram fadiga (30 participantes), ressecamento ocular (20 participantes), irritação ocular (17 participantes). Foram encontrados problemas binoculares em 27 dos 53 professores e diminuição na produção lacrimal em 12/53. Conclusões: Os professores universitários são uma população com uma alta prevalência da Síndrome da Visão do computador, na amostra apresentou-se a síndrome em mais da metade dos participantes 30/23(56%), concordando assim com as prevalências da Síndrome encontradas nos estudos internacionais. Três variáveis foram associadas significativamente ao aparecimento da CVS nos professores universitários, a idade que minimiza as chances de ter CVS (OR: 0,91 IC: 0,83/0,97 P-value: 0,015), as horas de uso diárias no computador que aumentam as chances de apresentar CVS (OR: 1,26 IC: 1,05/1,57 P-value: 0,021), e os problemas vergenciais como insuficiência ou excesso de convergência ou divergência, os quais estão associados positivamente com o aparecimento da síndrome (OR: 3,24 IC: 1,06/10,49 P-value: 0,042). Palavras chave: Síndrome da Visão do Computador, astenopia, videoterminais, ergonomia, saúde do trabalhador
Abstract: Computers are part of modern life, their use sprayed and people spend several hours using them as they bring several facilities in work, leisure, connectivity, among others. Computers also brought risks to the health of its users, psychological problems, musculoskeletal problems and visual problems, although the latter with a high prevalence (50% -70%) and with visual and ocular symptoms that diminish the quality of life of users, bother working with the computer and reduce worker productivity, has been little studied by the scientific community. Objectives: The study aims to estimate the cases frequency of the Computer Vision Syndrome in teachers and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of CVS. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional-observational study with teachers of a public university which two questionnaires and a visual test is performed to find and evaluate the possible symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome of as well as their associated factors. The survey is conducted between the months of February to December 2013 at the University campus. Inclusion Criteria: Teachers and researchers at university. Exclusion Criteria: Teachers and researches that do not use the computer. Results: In a sample of 53 teachers of Computer Vision Syndrome was found in 30 teachers, 19 were classified as mild form of the syndrome, 10 with moderate and 1 with severe, the symptoms that bother the teachers were fatigue (30 participants), ocular dryness (20 participants), eye irritation (17 participants). Binocular problems were found in 27 of the 53 teachers and decrease in tear production in 12/53. Conclusions: The teachers are a population with a high prevalence of the Computer Vision Syndrome, the sample presented the syndrome in more than half of the participants 30/23 (56%), thus agreeing with the prevalence of the syndrome found in international studies. Three variables were significantly associated with 5 % with the onset of CVS on university teachers , the age that minimizes the chances of having CVS (OR: 0.91 IC: 0.83/0.97 P-value: 0.015), hours daily use of the computer that increase the chances of presenting CVS (OR: 1.26 IC: 1.05/1.57 P-value: 0.021), and vergenciais problems like deficiency or excess of convergence or divergence, which are positively associated with the onset of the syndrome (OR: 3.24 IC: 1.06/10.49 P-value: 0.042). Keywords: Computer Vision Syndrome, asthenopia, video display terminals, ergonomics, occupational health
Mestrado
Epidemiologia
Mestra em Saúde Coletiva
29
Scott, Andrew James. "The impact of touch screen technologies on the product interface". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
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Donohoo, Daniel T. "Accomodation with displays having color contrast". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53872.
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Much concern has been expressed about the ability of the visual display terminal to provide adequate stimuli for accommodation. As a result it has been hypothesized that an observer may have to continually refocus to maintain accommodation on the display and this contributes to the visual fatigue experienced by VDT users. The increased use of multicolor CRTs in the workplace adds yet another factor, chromatic aberration, to affect the observers' accommodation to information presented on the CRT. Two experiments were run to determine the effect of viewing characters of one chromaticity and purity on a background of another chromaticity or purity or chromaticity and purity. The observer's accommodation response was continuously sampled throughout the presentation of each target/background combination. Mean accommodation response and the standard deviation of the mean accommodation response were then calculated to ascertain the effect the target background combination had on the observers' accommodation response. The observers' were also required to perform a visual performance task for each target/background combination.
The data collected indicate that chromatic characters when observed on chromatic background do not provide a strong stimulus for accommodation. Mean changes in the observers accommodation response were all within the depth of field except when characters were viewed on blue backgrounds. The variability in the observers accommodation response was not found to be a good predictor of image quality where only color contrast exists between foreground and surround. Task performance was highly correlated with effective contrast between the target and background as quantified by uniform color space modeling.Ph. D.
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Moscovic, Sandra A. "Development of time and workload methodologies for Micro Saint models of visual display and control systems". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40443.
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Whattananarong, Krisana. "A Cross-Culture Study of Color Preferences on a Computer Screen Between Thai and American Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332612/.
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the color preference of Thai and American students for text and background computer color combinations. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences between Thai and American students' computer color combination preferences.
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Stanfield, Jennifer Renee. "Identification and Quantification of Workstation Set Up on Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Low Back and Neck Discomfort". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35013.
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Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) remain the focus of research efforts as costs associated with these disorders range from 13 to 54 billion dollars annually. WMSDs associated with the back and neck compromise almost 27% of all reported WMSDs. Approximately 1/3 of visual display terminal (VDT) operators report back and neck pain annually (BLS, 1998). Physical risk factors of VDTs associated with low back and neck WMSDs include static work postures and workstation design. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of monitor height, chair type and their interaction on task performance, back/neck electromyography (EMG), perceived discomfort, and number of posture shifts. Both monitor height and chair type were assessed using two levels (high and low). Participants, four male and four female college age students, performed two data entry tasks using a standard keyboard and monitor and a fully adjustable bi-level table. In addition to the experimenter defined workstation configurations, participants were allowed to adjust their workstation to their preferred settings. Analysis of variance was performed to assess differences in task performance, perceived level of discomfort, number of posture shifts, and EMG data associated with various combinations of monitor height and chair type. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between participant's perceived discomfort and measured muscle activity to help determine if these two measurements could be used interchangeably to assess workstation design.
No effect of workstation configuration (monitor height/chair type) was found for the majority of dependent variables. An exception was that configuration of low monitor, high chair, and their interaction generated significantly more muscle activity for the low back. User preferred settings were not found to differ significantly from those investigated with respect to muscle activity, perceived discomfort, posture shifts, and performance. Additionally, it was found the participants chose to position the iii workstation according to guidelines suggested in the literature for reducing WMSD discomfort.
Task effects were found for performance, posture shifts, and perceived level of discomfort. Higher levels of performance and posture shifts for the neck were associated with the typing task, as opposed to the math task. Higher levels of neck discomfort, posture shifts of the feet and posture shifts of the back were associated with the math task.
Correlation analysis provided evidence that perceived discomfort reported by participants and muscle activity for job tasks may not be related. Observed muscle activity for the tasks investigated in this study was low and in some instances, close to resting activity. Due to low levels of EMG, participants may not have been cognizant of their back and neck muscle activity, offering an explanation for why participants experience a cumulative effect of workstation design and seated postures, but linking particular causal factors to the development of LBP and NP is difficult.
The findings of this study suggest that there are no gross physical differences between the chair types or monitor heights as defined in this study. Other factors (such as user preferences, job task demands, specific chair parameters, etc.) may significantly effect chair selection. This study found that task was a significant effect for the majority of dependent variables, and therefore may need to be a major factor driving workstation design. Workstation configuration will help determine the type of static posture assumed at a workstation, but the "discomfort or number of posture shifts" associated with that workstation and posture might be more a result of the job task requirements.Master of Science
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Rudd, James Robert. "The effects of feedback frequency and goal setting on data processing performance". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76493.
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Electronic surveillance of employee performance is a common practice in the workplace today. Despite the fact that electronic monitoring is an inexpensive and objective technique for recording productivity figures, much resistance to the technique exists.
The current study was conducted to determine if user acceptability and productivity could be improved in performance monitoring systems. It was hypothesized that frequent performance feedback would enhance productivity and task satisfaction as long as the feedback was not too frequent and the performance standard was not too difficult.
The results of this experimental investigation did not support this hypothesis indicating that productivity (in terms of the amount of data entered into computer files) was actually higher when the performance standard was difficult and the performance feedback frequent. In addition, subjects assigned to the Difficult Goal/Frequent Feedback condition were more satisfied with the task and performance feedback than other subjects. Results are discussed in light of current viewpoints in applied psychology and human-computer interaction.Ph. D.
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Tsui, Sin-mei, i 徐善美. "A study on the association of individual and work-related factors withmusculoskeletal disorders among display screen equipment (DSE) users". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724268.
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Latham, Charles V. (Charles Vernon). "The Effect of Color in Computer Assisted Instruction on Vocabulary Retention Rates and Computer Attitudes of Selected Upward Bound Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331796/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on selected Upward Bound students' vocabulary retention rate and attitude toward computers when using color in a computer assisted instructional (CAI) program. Past research on the use of color in the educational process does not answer questions about possible effects it may have when used in CAI programs. Specific areas addressed by this study include: (1) differences in color computer assisted instructional software and achromatic versions of the lesson, (2) differences in the short-term vocabulary retention rate for color versus achromatic versions, (3) differences in the long-term vocabulary retention rate for color versus achromatic versions, (4) differences on the affective attitude scale for color versus achromatic versions, (5) differences in short-term memory based on gender and computer experience, (6) differences in long-term memory based on gender and computer experience and (7) differences on the affective attitude scale based on gender and computer experience. Subjects in the experiment were high school students participating in Upward Bound programs at Texas Christian University and the University of North Texas. A pretestposttest design was used and data were obtained from seventy-one students. A CAI program presented students with twenty words and definitions via a drill and practice mode. The words came from Schuster's list of rare and seldom used words considered easy to learn. Two computer systems were used in this study, achromatic and color. Students completed the Computer Attitude Scale at the beginning and end of the CAI lesson. A pretest, immediate posttest and two week delayed posttest were administered to both experimental groups. Analysis of the data revealed a significant difference in long-term memory based on gender and computer experience. Girls using the color version of the lesson scored significantly higher on the delayed posttest than girls using the achromatic version.
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Van, Vledder Nicole. "An ergonomic intervention : the effect of a chair and computer screen height adjustment on musculoskeletal pain and sitting comfort in office workers". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96865.
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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Aims: To assess the effect of a vertical height adjustment of the chair and visual display unit (VDU) on work related upper quadrant musculoskeletal pain (WRUQMP) and sitting comfort in computer users. The upper quadrant refers to the occiput, cervical and upper thoracic spine including the clavicles and scapulae. Methods: An N=1 study was conducted using the ABC design whereby an ergonomic workstation adjustment, of VDU and chair height, was compared to the subject’s usual workstation settings. Pain and sitting comfort were measured using visual analogue scales (VAS). The subject was assessed over the four week phases as she performed her typical VDU work. The results were compiled and tabulated. Results: Both the mean and variance in pain intensity decreased after the workstation intervention. A deterioration was noted in sitting comfort. Conclusion: The vertical height adjustment of the chair and VDU may have contributed to a decrease in WRUQMP in this subject. This safe, economical workstation intervention may be a practical management option for the computer user suffering from WRUQMP. Further research into the measurement of comfort whilst sitting at a computer workstation, is recommended.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doelwitte: Om die effek te bepaal van n vertikale aanpassing van die stoel en beeldskerm van rekenaargebruikers op werksverwandte boonste kwadrant muskuloskeletale pyn en sitgemak. Die boonste kwadrant verwys na die oksiput, servikale en boonste torakale werwelkolom en sluit ook die klavikel en skapula in. Methode: Die N=1 studie is onderneem met gebruik van die ABC ontwerp in terme waarvan n ergonomiese aanpassing van stoel en beeldskerm vergelyk is met die normale gebruik van die deelnemer. Pyn en sitgemak is gemeet deur die gebruik van die Visueel analoogskaal. Die interwensies is ge-evalueer oor vierweekfases tydens normale rekenaar gebruik van die deelnemer. Die resultate is saamgestel en getabuleer. Uitkoms: Beide die gemiddelde en veranderlike pynintensiteit het verminder nadat die werkstasie aangepas is. Geen verbetering in sitgemak is opgemerk nie. Gevolgtrekking: Die vertikale hoogte-aanpassing van die stoel en beeldskerm het moontlik bygedra tot die verminderde pynvlakke in hierdie deelnemer. Hierdie veilige, ekonomiese verstelling is moontlik n praktiese beheeropsie vir rekenaargebruikers wat werksverwandte boonste kwadrant muskuloskeletale pyn verduur. Verder studie in die meet en waarneming van sitgemak tydens rekenaarwerk is nodig.
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Saggu, Rajinder Kaur. "Effect of a chair and computer screen height adjustment on the neck and upper back musculoskeletal symptoms in an office worker". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96971.
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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Aims: To assess the effect of a chair and computer screen height adjustment on the neck and upper back musculoskeletal symptoms in an office worker. Methods: An N=1 study was conducted using the ABC design. Ethics approval was obtained for the study and the participant provided informed written consent. The participant was assessed over three four week phases as she performed her habitual computer work. The outcome measures assessed during the three phases were the pain intensity and perceived sitting comfort. The three phases were named the baseline, intervention and wash-out phases. During the baseline phase, the outcome measures were obtained at the participant‟s habitual work station. The intervention phase involved a vertical adjustment of the chair and computer screen height. The wash-out phase allowed the participant to adjust the chair and computer screen height to their choice. A follow-up interview was conducted with the participant three months after completion of the study. The mean values and the ranges of the pain intensity and perceived comfort were obtained and compared. The data collected was captured on a Microsoft Excel 2010 spread sheet, where after the data was tabulated and presented graphically. Results: The mean pain intensity of the participant increased slightly during the intervention phase in comparison to the baseline phase, but remained stable during the wash-out phase. The mean perceived sitting comfort deteriorated initially during the intervention phase, but improved later during the intervention phase and showed greater improvement during the wash out phase. The perceived sitting comfort showed more improvement than the pain intensity during the washout phase. Both the pain intensity and perceived sitting comfort showed improvement at the three months follow up assessment, post completion of the study. Conclusion: The vertical height adjustment of the chair and the VDT did not improve the participant‟s pain intensity and perceived sitting comfort when compared to the participant‟s habitual workstation parameters. The findings do not favour the horizontal viewing angle. The findings of this study however support the use of „slightly below horizontal‟ viewing angle as being conducive to reduce the pain intensity and improve the sitting comfort of an office worker.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doelstelling: Om die effek te bepaal van die hoogte aanpassing van die stoel en rekenaarskerm op die nek en bo-rug muskuloskeletale simptome van 'n kantoorwerker. Metodes: „n N=1 studie was uitgevoer deur gebruik te maak van die ABC ontwerp. Etiese goedkeuring was verkry vir die studie en die deelnemer het ingeligte skriftelike toestemming verleen. Die deelnemer was ge-evalueer oor drie vier week-lange fases terwyl sy haar gewone rekenaarwerk verrig het. Die uitkomsmetings ge-evalueer tydens die drie fases was pyn intensiteit en waargenome sitgemak. Die drie fases was genoem die basislyn, intervensie en uitwas fases. Gedurende die basislyn fase was die uitkomsmetings by die deelnemer se gewone werkstasie ingevorder. Die intervensie fase het 'n vertikale aanpassing van die stoel en rekenaarskerm behels. Die uitwas fase het die deelnemer toegelaat om haar stoel en rekenaarskerm se hoogte aan te pas volgens haar keuse. 'n Opvolg onderhoud was gevoer met die deelnemer drie maande na die voltooiing van die studie. Die resultate was vasgelê op 'n Microsoft Excel 2010 data bladsy, waarna die data getabuleer en grafies uitgebeeld is. Resultate: Die gemiddelde pyn intensiteit van die deelnermer het effens toegeneem tydens die intervensie fase in vergelyking met die basislyn fase, maar het stabiel gebly tydens die uitwas fase. Die gemiddelde waargenome sitgemak het aanvanklik verswak tydens die intervensie fase, maar het later verbeter tydens die intervensie fase en het aangehou verbeter tydens die uitwas fase. Die waargenome sitgemak het groter verbetering getoon as die pyn intensiteit tydens die uitwas fase. Beide pyn intensiteit en waargenome sitgemak het verbetering getoon by die drie maande opvolg evaluasie, na voltooiing van die studie. Gevolgtrekking. Die vertikale hoogte aanpassing van die stoel en rekenaarskerm het nie die deelnemer se pyn intensiteit en waargenome sitgemak in vergelyking met die deelnemer se gewone werkstasie parameters verbeter nie. Hierdie bevindinge is nie ten voordeel van die horisontale kykhoek nie. Nietemin, ondersteun die bevindinge van hierdie studie die gebruik van die "effens onder die horisontale" kykhoek as bevorderend om die pyn intensiteit te verminder en die sitgemak van 'n kantoorwerker te verbeter.
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Street, Susan L. "Impact of a participatory ergonomics education programme on work posture and general health status of heavy video display terminal users". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0017/MQ58091.pdf.
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Miller, Bryan D. "The effect of task lighting in a video display unit workstation". 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27503.
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Blake, Kathleen E. "Toward decreasing the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome in video display terminal users through feedback". 1991. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2198.
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Gao, Xiang. "Statistical modeling for low level vision algorithms /". Diss., 2002. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3073974.
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"Monocular compensation for colour deficient people". 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892635.
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Lau Tsz Yam.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-94).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgement --- p.iii
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 2 --- Characterization of Colour Deficiency --- p.7
Chapter 2.1 --- Mechanism of colour vision --- p.7
Chapter 2.2 --- Quantitative specification of colour --- p.10
Chapter 2.3 --- Discrimination ellipses --- p.17
Chapter 2.4 --- Colour perception of colour deficient people --- p.22
Chapter 2.5 --- Luminance match of colour deficient people --- p.32
Chapter 2.6 --- Diagnosis of colour deficiency --- p.32
Chapter 2.7 --- Dichromat simulation algorithm --- p.35
Chapter 3 --- Monocular Compensation --- p.37
Chapter 3.1 --- Principle --- p.37
Chapter 3.2 --- Potential problems without monocular compensation --- p.39
Chapter 3.3 --- Existing monocular compensation implementations --- p.45
Chapter 3.4 --- Compensation algorithm for monocular compensation --- p.47
Chapter 4 --- Stereo Visual Display Unit - Monocular Compensation --- p.48
Chapter 4.1 --- Gamut-based palette compression --- p.49
Chapter 4.2 --- Compensation level --- p.56
Chapter 4.3 --- Realizing transformed chromaticities --- p.59
Chapter 5 --- Evaluation --- p.64
Chapter 5.1 --- Extensiveness of compensation --- p.65
Chapter 5.2 --- Combination of discriminations from the two eyes --- p.68
Chapter 5.3 --- Discrimination improvement and visual comfort --- p.72
Chapter 6 --- Conclusion and Future Works --- p.82
Chapter A --- Raw Data of Experiment 53 --- p.85
Bibliography --- p.91
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Tsay, Ming-Hwang, i 蔡明煌. "Study on the work fatigue and physiological effect for video display terminal operators". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27678262640031570729.
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Wang, Chen-Zen, i 王錦澤. "The Study of Occupational Injuries of Video Display Terminal Users--Three Hospitals in Kaohsoung". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03197083666589631038.
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碩士高雄醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
85
Using a visual display terminal (VDT) is today a common occupational task with both benefits and hazards. Some of the potential health hazards were the occurrence of asthenopia, musculoskeletal and psychosomatic disorders. In the field study of 101 VDT group and 206 reference group in three hospitals from the south Taiwan, surveying medical and workplace investigation as well as questionnaires, we can obtain the prevalence rates, odd ratios and relevant risk factors. The results of our study are: (1) the prevalence rates of VDT users in asthenopia, musculoskeletal and psychosomatic disorders are 56%, 83% and 24% respectively. (2) the odds ratios(95%C.I.) compared with reference group in asthenopia, musculoskeletal disorder (including symptoms and sign) are 2.54 (95% C.I. 1.56~4.12), 4.11(95%C.I. 2.34~7.23) and 2.61(95% C.I. 1.56~4.12) respectively. And there is no statistical difference in psychosomatic disorder. (3) By the analysis of logistic regression, the relevant risk factors are: VDT work, work stress index, working time, working place and hypermobility of fingers. In conclusion, the prevalences of asthenopia and musculoskeletal disorders of VDT worker are high. And there is more work to do in the fields of health care and occupational preventive medicine.