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Mopaté Logténé, Youssouf, Madjina Tellah, Ali Brahim Bechir i Alladoum Nayo. "Caractérisation de la filière porcine dans les villes de Pala et Moundou en zone des savanes du sud-ouest du Tchad". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 73, nr 1 (28.02.2020): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31291.
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L’étude a caractérisé les différents segments de la filière porcine des villes de Pala et Moundou en zone des savanes au Tchad. Des enquêtes transversales et rétrospectives, associées à des observations directes, ont été menées auprès de producteurs, de transformateurs et de consommateurs répartis dans ces deux villes. Au total, 1318 porcs ont été dénombrés dont 354 femelles en âge de reproduction. Le nombre de mises bas moyen par an a été de 1,8 et la taille de la portée de 7,2 porcelets. La productivité numérique annuelle par femelle a été de 11 porcelets. Pour l’ensemble des carcasses transformées annuellement, plus de la moitié était traitée à Moundou, la seconde ville du Tchad. A Pala, les consommateurs ont préféré la viande grillée. A Moundou, les préférences ont été partagées entre la viande en friture, et la viande au four ou grillée. Les résultats ont aussi montré que l’élevage de porcs visait l’amélioration des revenus de la famille grâce à la vente d’animaux, et la production d’animaux autoconsommés. Par la diversité des produits transformés, les activités de transformation et de préparation alimentaire, les acteurs de la filière ont mis à la disposition des consommateurs des aliments carnés à un coût relativement modéré. Les innovations majeures observées dans la filière étaient une porcherie améliorée, un abattoir privé, une société d’élevage et de commercialisation des viandes, et une boucherie-charcuterie pour la transformation et la distribution. La production, la transformation et la commercialisation de la viande porcine ont généré des emplois et amélioré le revenu des différents acteurs de la filière.
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Cornelus, Hannah. "Les animaux pris « dans les parallélépipèdes » de notre hypermodernité". Voix Plurielles 17, nr 1 (27.04.2020): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v17i1.2481.
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De nos jours, les processus industriels d’élevage et de mise à mort des animaux de boucherie sont relégués vers des bâtiments anonymes, à l’abri des regards. Dans ces non-lieux aseptisés, mécanisés et invivables que sont les élevages et les abattoirs industriels, le rapport homme-animal est à jamais rompu, la vie et la mort animales ne font plus sens.
La mise en récit de ces non-sens pose un défi pour la création littéraire, mais quelques écrivains français contemporains s’engagent à « rendre visible ce qui a été conçu pour être invisible» (Anne Simon, « Animal: l’élevage industriel », [s. p.]). Notre analyse, qui se concentrera sur 180 jours d’Isabelle Sorente et Comme une bête de Joy Sorman, propose d’examiner comment ces ‘non-lieux’ de l’industrie de la viande deviennent, dans l’univers littéraire, des lieux symptomatiques de maux qui affligent notre société moderne. Ces huis clos cachés, que l’on analysera comme des hétérotopies foucaldiennes, nous confrontent au malaise de notre propre humanité qu’engendre le traitement des animaux sous la contrainte capitaliste de la rentabilité. En employant le topos littéraire du regard animal, les écrivains font apparaître notre « reflet dans l’œil d’une truie » (Sorente, 180 jours, 485) ; et suscitent un questionnement des non-sens de l’industrie de la viande.
Mots clés : industrie – viande - abattage - industrie - non-lieu – hétérotopie - regard animal
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Boulay, Sébastien. "Statut D'Exception du Mulet Jaune dans la Société Maure (Mauritanie) : Gibier des Pêcheurs Imrâgen, Viande des Pasteurs Nomades". Anthropozoologica 45, nr 1 (czerwiec 2010): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2010n1a7.
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LE GOFFE, P. "Multifonctionnalité des prairies : comment articuler marché et politiques publiques ?" INRAE Productions Animales 16, nr 3 (10.05.2003): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2003.16.3.3658.
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Du point de vue de la société et de l’efficacité économique, les agriculteurs n’utilisent pas assez les surfaces en prairies en raison d’incitations inexistantes ou contradictoires. D’une part, les aides directes de la PAC les incitent à favoriser les surfaces en cultures au détriment des prairies. D’autre part, l’agriculteur, qui cherche à maximiser son profit, ne prend pas en compte les externalités des prairies (positives) et des cultures (négatives), en raison de l’absence d’incitations marchandes. Le marché pourrait pourtant contribuer à l’utilisation des surfaces en prairies que la société attend, car le lait et la viande produits à l’herbe ont des caractéristiques particulières qui peuvent être valorisées auprès des consommateurs. Par ailleurs, les prairies rendent de nombreux services collectifs à la société : lutte contre l’érosion, amélioration du régime et de la qualité des eaux, biodiversité… Ces caractéristiques de bien public des prairies font que des défaillances du marché demeurent et que des politiques publiques sont nécessaires. La conception de politiques de la multifonctionnalité des prairies nécessite l’étude des mécanismes de la production conjointe de produits animaux et de biens publics associés aux prairies, et celle des coûts de transaction. Ces coûts, qui sont relatifs aux transactions marchandes mais aussi à la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques, conditionnent largement l’efficacité du marché et des politiques. Les différentes formes de prime à l’herbe permettent probablement de générer des bénéfices environnementaux sans augmenter exagérément les coûts de transaction par rapport à des politiques de soutien des prix.
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Souladié, Catherine. "Ron Athey ou le corps comme ultime recours". Figures de l'Art. Revue d'études esthétiques 4, nr 1 (1999): 581–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/fdart.1999.1224.
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Le body artiste américain Ron Athey se présente, depuis 1980, comme le chaman de la génération “piercing”. Gay, séropositif, porte-parole des minorités, il propose un art corporel provocateur, agressif et violent, s’inspirant à la fois des pratiques sado-masochistes et des rites initiatiques des Indiens Mandans. Piercings, scarifications, brandings et autres “tortures” mettent en scène un corps “écœurant”, nouvelle version du corps-viande pornographique de Michel Joumiac. Faisant suite à la déferlante punk, il rejoint son compatriote Fakir Musafar dans une redéfinition esthétique du corps, avec des pratiques auto-mutilatoires et érotiques. Ce nouveau corps sanglant est aussi politique : par une suite de provocations, il dénonce la réalité d’un corps socialisé et conformiste, mettant en scène tabous et faiblesses de la société américaine. Son sang, porteur de mort, offert en martyr, propose un nouveau mode de communion.
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AGABRIEL, J., i R. BAUMONT. "Avant-propos". INRA Productions Animales 30, nr 2 (19.06.2018): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2017.30.2.2235.
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Il faut remonter loin dans les archives de l’INRA, et plus précisément au numéro spécial du « Bulletin du CRZV de Theix » datant de l’année 1974 pour trouver un ouvrage entièrement dédié aux « vaches allaitantes »1. Quarante-trois ans plus tard, c’est avec plaisir que nous présentons ce nouveau dossier dans la revue INRA Productions Animales qui leur est entièrement consacré. Un tel regroupement d’articles sur cet animal et ce système d’élevage est donc assez rare et nous remercions chaleureusement les animateurs de la revue de l’avoir initié.
Le numéro de 1974 constatait le développement soutenu des troupeaux allaitants en France qui accompagnait la tendance à la spécialisation des systèmes de production tant vers le lait que vers la viande. Les travaux de recherches engagés mettaient en avant les spécificités de ce système peu étudié jusque-là : la productivité de la femelle, biologiquement limitée à un veau par an, impose une stratégie générale de réduction des charges et des coûts de production et par là une maximisation de l’utilisation de l’herbe dans le système fourrager. Ils se démarquaient alors des travaux réalisés sur les vaches laitières. Et pour produire efficacement de la viande, disposer d’animaux tardifs de grands formats est un atout important par la capacité qu’ils ont à déposer efficacement de la masse musculaire. Les objectifs de sélection proposés alors ont ciblé le potentiel de croissance des veaux tout en améliorant les facilités de vêlage des vaches et le format des carcasses des vaches de réforme.
Ces connaissances, développées par des chercheurs de renommée2, ont porté leurs fruits et accompagné la transformation constante du cheptel Français : le nombre de vaches allaitantes a presque été multiplié par deux (4,2 millions actuellement en France). Il est supérieur à celui des vaches laitières depuis l’année 2005 et la production de viande qui en est issue avoisine désormais 65% de la production nationale. Les vaches ont grandi et grossi (+ 5kg /an en moyenne), mais les troupeaux également. La productivité par travailleur a plus que doublé (Veysset et al 20153) sans que la productivité numérique des vaches n’en pâtisse trop.
Mais cette réussite quantitative flagrante marque le pas, et ne suffit plus pour aborder sereinement l’avenir de la production. Au niveau des exploitations de nombreux signaux défavorables se sont allumés. Les revenus des éleveurs stagnent et restent parmi les plus bas des professions agricoles. L’image de l’élevage se dégrade dans notre société urbanisée. Les bovins en général sont aussi interrogés sur leur bilan environnemental qui est sujet à controverses, et désormais c’est la finalité première de production de viande de ces troupeaux allaitants qui est en débat. Ces constats sont maintenant bien connus, et rappelés brièvement dans les introductions des articles de M. Lherm et al, et d’A. Cerles et al. Ils provoquent des inquiétudes grandissantes à tous les niveaux de la filière.
Que peuvent apporter aux débats en cours les recherches récentes ciblées vers les vaches allaitantes ? C’estce qui a motivé la réalisation de ce dossier qui vise à rassembler et synthétiser les connaissances récentes acquises, d’une part, à l’échelle de l’animal, et, d’autre part à celle du système de production.Pour introduire ce dossier, l’article de M. Lherm et al met en perspective les évolutions des « élevages allaitants » dans les quatre principaux pays européens producteurs : France, Royaume-Uni, Irlande et Espagne. L’analyse des trajectoires technico-économiques des élevages allaitants au cours des dernières décennies dans ces quatre pays montre que les choix d’investissements, de mécanisation, et d’agrandissement des structures n’ont pas été partout semblables.
Ensuite, ce dossier fait le point des avancées dans les disciplines et dans les onnaissances zootechniques de base pour la conduite des élevages bovins allaitants : l’amélioration génétique, la physiologie de lareproduction, les facteurs de variation de la production de lait des mères, la quantification de leurs besoins nutritionnels et de leur efficience alimentaire. L’article de L. Griffon et al discute de ce que l’on peut attendre des nouveaux outils génétique comme la génomique, et comment ils vont s’intégrer dans les nouveaux schémas d’amélioration. Les nouvelles connaissances physiologiques pour la maîtrise de la reproduction, pour la prévision de la courbe de lactation et pour la maîtrise de l’alimentation des vaches allaitantes sont détaillées successivement dans les articles de B. Grimard et al, de B. Sepchat et al et d’A. De La Torre et J. Agabriel. Ils fournissent de nouveaux indicateurs sur les aptitudes des animaux dont l’élevage du futur a besoin : robustesse, autonomie, efficience. Autant de propositions pour de nouvelles mesures de routine qui participeront à la détermination des nouveaux phénotypes.
L’article de M. Doreau et al éclaire le débat sur l’empreinte environnementale de l’élevage allaitant en synthétisant les connaissances actuelles permettant d’établir le bilan de ses impacts positifs et négatifs. Les controverses sur le besoin en eau, les rejets de gaz à effet de serre ou d’azote pour produire un kg de boeuf par exemple, sont encore très fortes et nécessitent des apports scientifiques de fond pour les apaiser. Même s’il est acquis qu’élevage allaitant et prairie sont liés, et que ce lien conforterait une image favorable auprès des citoyens comme auprès des consommateurs, les interrogations sociétales demandent des réponses. Les travaux en cours permettent de les affiner.
Enfin, l’article d’A. Cerles et al qui clôt ce dossier pose les fondements des futurs possibles pour l’élevage bovin allaitant à partir d’un travail de prospective pour les filières viandes réalisé sur le territoire du Massif central qui analyse les conséquences de cinq scénarios contrastés prenant en compte de puissants déterminants comme le changement climatique, l’évolution de la consommation de viande, les politiques agricoles et environnementales4. La bonne utilisation des surfaces herbagères, la maîtrise complète de la qualité des viandes sont de points incontournables à travailler dans les années à venir, et les acteurs devront faire émerger ensemble les opportunités de projets qui les aideront à avancer.
Nous sommes persuadés que ces divers sujets par la manière exhaustive et synthétique dont ils ont été traités dans ce dossier, aideront les lecteurs dans leurs recherches personnelles et à se forger leur propre expertise. Nous remercions encore tous les auteurs, les relecteurs et le secrétariat de la revue pour leurs investissements qui ont permis de mener ce travail à son terme.
J. Agabriel, R. BaumontInra, UMR Herbivores------------1 L’exploitation des troupeaux de vaches allaitantes. 6ème journées du Grenier de Theix. Supplément du Bulletin Technique du CRZV Theix. Numéro spécial 1974 : 398pp.2 On peut ainsi citer Claude Béranger, Michel Petit, Gilbert Liénard, François Ménissier et toutes leurs équipes d’alors.3 Veysset P., Lherm M., Roulenc M., Troquier C., Bebin D., 2015. Productivity and technical efficiency of suckler beef production systems: trends for the period 1990 to 2012. Animal 9, 2050-2059.4 Cerles A., Poux X., Lherm M., Agabriel J., 2016. Étude prospective des filières viandes de ruminants du Massif central, horizon 2050. INRA Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. http://www.ara.inra.fr/Le-centre-Les-recherches/projets-et-actualites/ProspectiveViande
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Sraïri, Mohamed Taher. "Extensive livestock farming in Morocco: From marginal territories to major social and environmental roles". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 68, nr 2-3 (25.03.2016): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.20598.
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Les évolutions récentes de l’approvisionnement en produits animaux au Maroc ont montré une nette diminution de la contribution des élevages extensifs. Dans un contexte de forte croissance démographique (de 15,3 à 32,9 millions d’habitants entre 1956 et 2013) associée à une urbanisation rapide (près de 60 % de la population vit dans des centres urbains), les habitudes alimentaires ont clairement évolué. La structure patriarcale de la société, où les repas étaient consommés collectivement à la maison, a été remplacée par des comportements plus individualistes. Par conséquent, la nature des produits animaux consommés par de grands pans de la population a changé. Les produits laitiers et à base de volaille apparaissent les mieux adaptés à ces changements car ils s’incorporent aisément aux repas rapides. D’un autre côté, la consommation de viande de boeuf et de mouton provenant des systèmes extensifs n’a pas évolué. Ces systèmes permettent cependant de valoriser de nombreux aliments riches en fibres, comme les ressources pastorales et les coproduits de la céréaliculture. Ceci leur a traditionnellement permis d’assurer des fonctions stratégiques comme le développement régional de zones marginales, la gestion des ressources naturelles, la valorisation efficace de l’eau à travers les produits d’élevage dans un pays affecté par des pénuries d’eau aiguës, et la création de richesses et d’opportunités d’emploi. Le fait que ces systèmes d’élevage extensifs aient été délaissés au profit de systèmes plus intensifs soulève de nombreuses questions. Ces derniers ajoutent une immense pression sur les ressources naturelles des zones où la production intensive est concentrée. Cela signifie aussi que l’approvisionnement en produits animaux s’est fortement fragilisé car il dépend d’intrants importés, comme des gènes animaux et des produits alimentaires (soja et maïs pour la volaille). Ces évolutions nécessitent que plus d’attention soit accordée aux systèmes d’élevage extensif car ils assurent un mode de production écologique tout en valorisant de grands espaces ruraux. Ces systèmes tiendront un rôle stratégique essentiel dans un avenir proche lorsque les questions de durabilité de l’approvisionnement en protéines animales et de préservation des ressources naturelles deviendront pressantes, et pour permettre le développement équilibré des différentes régions du pays.
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Marques, Bruno, i Ângela Pinto. "Earth Architecture–a Viable Option to a Society in Risk". International Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, nr 1 (2014): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2014.v6.657.
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Apata, E. S., O. E. Fashina, G. A. Adeleke, B. G. Otaki, K. O. Adeyemi, A. M. Ogungbesan, H. A. Awojobi, O. O. Eniolorunda i D. B. Oke. "Coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic: the aftermath on livestock products processing and distribution chain- A review". Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, nr 4 (8.03.2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i4.3000.
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Coronavirus had been in existence for many years, but its effects has not been so evident as the whole world experienced recently. It represents an unprecedented emergency and grave societal threat. The better way to cure the emergence disease is by protecting public health. However, governments, policy makers and the international community must quickly need to act, recognize and attempt to mitigate the negative impacts (current and potential) of the pandemic and related response efforts on key sectors that contribute to food security, nutrition and livelihoods. The livestock sector is a key contributor to these areas, especially for the world's most vulnerable populations. In the light of recent challenges in food supply chain, there is now considerable concern about the food production, processing, distribution, and demand. COVID-19 resulted in the movement restrictions of workers, changes in demand of consumers, closure of food production facilities, restricted food trade policies and financial pressures in food supply chain. The effects of COVID-19 on the livestock sector are still largely unquantified and yet to be fully felt. Formal assessments have not yet been possible, but current observations reveal disruptions to livestock value chains. Lessons from past epidemics indicate these disruptions are likely to grow, along with their dire, socio- economic consequences. Moreover, considering the doubt on how these factors will play out in various areas affected especially meat processing and distribution in the years to come from the bulk of discussion in this review.
Le coronavirus existait depuis de nombreuses années, mais ses effets n'ont pas été aussi évidents que le monde entier l'a récemment expérimenté. Cela représente une urgence sans précédent et une grave menace pour la société. La meilleure façon de guérir la maladie émergente est de protéger la santé publique. Cependant, les gouvernements, les décideurs et la communauté internationale doivent rapidement agir, reconnaître et tenter d'atténuer les impacts négatifs (actuels et potentiels) de la pandémie et des efforts de riposte connexes sur les secteurs clés qui contribuent à la sécurité alimentaire, à la nutrition et aux moyens de subsistance. Le secteur de l'élevage est un contributeur clé dans ces domaines, en particulier pour les populations les plus vulnérables du monde. À la lumière des défis récents de la chaîne d'approvisionnement alimentaire, la production, la transformation, la distribution et la demande des aliments suscitent désormais des i nquiétudes considérables. Le COVID-19 a entraîné des restrictions de mouvement des travailleurs, des changements dans la demande des consommateurs, la fermeture des installations de production alimentaire, des politiques commerciales restreintes et des pressions financières dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement alimentaire. Les effets du COVID-19 sur le secteur du bétail sont encore largement non quantifiés et ne sont pas encore pleinement ressentis. Les évaluations formelles n'ont pas encore été possibles, mais les observations actuelles révèlent des perturbations dans les chaînes de valeur de l'élevage. Les leçons des épidémies passées indiquent que ces perturbations sont susceptibles de se développer, ainsi que leurs conséquences socio- économiques désastreuses. De plus, la prise en compte du doute sur la manière dont ces facteurs joueront dans divers domaines touchés, en particulier la transformation et la distribution de la viande dans les années à venir, constitue l'essentiel de la discussion dans cette revue.
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Hochgerner, Josef. "Approaching a Viable Comprehension of the Knowledge Society". Teorie vědy / Theory of Science 31, nr 2 (11.11.2009): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46938/tv.2009.37.
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COONEY-McQUAT, Sarah, Stefan BUSCH i Deborah KAHN. "Open access publishing: a viable solution for society publishers". Learned Publishing 23, nr 2 (kwiecień 2010): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1087/20100204.
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JG, Speight. "A Feasibility Study of Natural Attenuation as a Viable Cleanup Method for Heavy Oil Spills". Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal 6, nr 1 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000294.
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The constant focus of the public and media on oil spill pollution in the environment has led to a forced improvement in its clean-up process. But these methods are not as effective and efficient as society and the environment requires them to be. One of the major reasons for this is that an oil spill does not contain uniform distribution of the oil over an area, neither are the microorganisms present evenly distributed in the environment. However, when it is not possible for fiscal and any technical reasons to bring about ecosystem restoration, the obvious strategy is to prevent the discharge of pollutants. When this is not possible and crude oil (or heavy oil) has already been introduced to the environment, there is the potential for the Earth to heal itself and introduce balance over time. What is necessary as a society is to harness these natural methods and ensure that oil spills are contained in the shortest time possible.
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Neacsa, Adrian, Cristian Nicolae Eparu, Cașen Panaitescu, Doru Bogdan Stoica, Bogdan Ionete, Alina Prundurel i Sorin Gal. "Hydrogen–Natural Gas Mix—A Viable Perspective for Environment and Society". Energies 16, nr 15 (1.08.2023): 5751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16155751.
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The increase in demand, and thus the need to lower its price, has kept C-based fuels as the main source. In this context, the use of oil and gas has led to increased climate change, resulting in greenhouse gases. The high percentage of eissions, over 40%, is due to the production of electricity, heat, or/and energy transport. This is the main reason for global warming and the extreme and increasingly common climate change occurrences, with all of nature being affected. Due to this reason, in more and more countries, there is an increased interest in renewable energies from sustainable sources, with a particular emphasis on decarbonisation. One of the energies analysed for decarbonisation that will play a role in future energy systems is hydrogen. The development of hydrogen–natural gas mixtures is a major challenge in the field of energy and fuel technology. This article aims to highlight the major challenges associated with researching hydrogen–natural gas blends. Meeting this challenge requires a comprehensive research and development effort, including exploring appropriate blending techniques, optimising performance, addressing infrastructure requirements, and considering regulatory considerations. Overcoming this challenge will enable the full potential of hydrogen–natural gas blends to be realised as a clean and sustainable energy source. This will contribute to the global transition to a greener and more sustainable future. Several international, European, and Romanian studies, projects, and legislative problems are being analysed. The mix between H2 and natural gas decreases fugitive emissions. In contrast, using hydrogen increases the risk of fire more than using natural gas because hydrogen is a light gas that easily escapes and ignites at almost any concentration in the air.
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Štrukelj, Tjaša, Dejana Zlatanović, Jelena Nikolić i Simona Sternad Zabukovšek. "The viable system model’s support to social responsibility". Kybernetes 50, nr 3 (27.01.2021): 812–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-12-2019-0860.
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Purpose The consequences of human social irresponsibility urge socially responsible reactions. The authors expose the consequences of socially irresponsible behaviour and state possible requisitely holistic tools to eliminate organisations’ dangerous and socially irresponsible behaviour. This paper aims to examine how the viable system model (the VSM) used as a diagnostic tool can help organisations support socially responsible behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Given the variety of systems methodologies, the authors selected the VSM as a key methodological tool of Organizational Cybernetics. A case-study approach is used to demonstrate the power of the VSM as a diagnostic tool. Findings Humans need to replace recklessness and selfishness by faster re-orientation towards a socially responsible society. By following the cybernetic circle of the preparation and implementation of the management process and practising social responsibility via the VSM, organisations can conduct socially responsible business operations for a socially responsible society. Respecting the pluralist nature of social responsibility and a limited framework of the VSM, the VSM analysis needs to be supported by interpretive systems approaches, such as Strategic Assumptions Surfacing and Testing (SAST). Research limitations/implications The presented study’s limitation is the case study of a selected organisation from Europe. The discussion could be relevant to each organisation, which is observed as a viable system. The insights gained with this case study can be broadened by empirical research involving diverse organisations from various countries. Practical implications Research results indicate socially irresponsible behaviours of the researched organisation and possible ways of overcoming them. The cybernetic circle of the preparation and implementation of socially responsible management processes through the VSM offers a possible path towards more social responsibility in organisations. Moreover, the VSM should be used in combination with interpretive systems approaches, such as SAST. Social implications The generality of the VSM indicates that decision-makers could use the VSM for diagnosing socially irresponsible behaviour in organisations and for redesigning organisations to help develop a more socially responsible society. Originality/value The paper contributes to a cybernetic framework and methodological support to social responsibility. This study could serve as an essential starting point for organisations wishing to take further steps towards social responsibility.
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BUCUR, Louisa-Maria. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A VIABLE SOLUTION TO REDUCE POVERTY". Management of Sustainable Development 15, nr 2 (1.12.2023): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54989/msd-2023-0012.
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Poverty is one of the world’s greatest economic and social problems of all time. Therefore, sustainable solutions to reduce it are essential to increase the well-being of individuals and society. In this paper, the various causes of poverty, such as social and economic inequalities, limited access to education and health, will be analysed. After an introduction, the concept of sustainable development will be presented, underlying the virtues, as well as limits of it. There will be explored sustainable solutions for poverty reduction, which focus on sustainable development and the promotion of social and economic inclusion. Such solutions could be the creation of jobs and investment in the agricultural sector, the development of infrastructure and public services, the promotion of access to education and health services, and support for local communities and the social and solidarity economy. To validate these findings, qualitative methodology based on content analysis of sustainable development literature will allow to identify and evaluate good practices in sustainable development and poverty reduction. Therefore, it will be possible to show that sustainable solutions for poverty reduction are not only feasible but also effective in terms of social and economic impact. The paper will end with conclusions, arguing that sustainable solutions to poverty reduction are the key to increasing the well-being of individuals and society, and showing that interconnectivity, when considered in a sustainable approach, can improve the benefits for economic and social life.
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Katayama, Katsushige. "Is the Virtue Approach to Moral Education Viable in a Plural Society?" Journal of Philosophy of Education 37, nr 2 (maj 2003): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.00329.
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Turdiev, Bekhruz Sobirovich. "“UZBEKISTAN – 2030” STRATEGY AS A NEW IDEOSPHERE OF SOCIETY". Oriental Journal of History, Politics and Law 04, nr 05 (1.05.2024): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojhpl-04-05-28.
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In our country, the “Uzbekistan-2030” strategy was created on the basis of the logical continuation of the reforms implemented in all areas of the development of New Uzbekistan and the need to build the foundations of the Third Renaissance. This viable strategy envisages the implementation of 100 goals consisting of 5 main directions, and the document is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN. This article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the content of the strategy “Uzbekistan-2030”, the purpose of which is to create suitable conditions for each person in our country to realize their potential, improve the well-being of the population through sustainable economic growth and environmental protection, explored priorities in the field of ensuring the rule of law, organizing public administration in the service of the people, turning the country into a safe and peaceful state.
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Samuel, Owodunni A., Hassan A. Mohammed, Sani Abdulrahman, Nakaka Dantala i Oguntuyi A. Nelson. "VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL EDUCATION: A VIABLE TOOL FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA". Sokoto Educational Review 15, nr 1 (29.06.2014): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35386/ser.v15i1.162.
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Vocational Technical Education (VTE) systems play a crucial role in the social and economic development of a nation. Vocational and technical education a multifaceted, multi-disciplinary and pragmatic field of study, is aimed at equipping the individuals with requisite vocational and technical education literacy skills, which will enhance their relevance and functionality in the society. As a result, it plays a vital and indispensable role in the development of society. This paper, therefore, examines the concept of the development of vocational and technical education in Nigeria, its significance and role with regards to the Economic and Technology development in Nigeria, the concept of Vocational-Technical Education and Training (VTET), VTE and National Development. Other issues discussed are VTET for self-reliance and National Development, the administration of VTE in Nigeria, the challenges ahead as well as possible and suggestions for moving VTE forward with enhanced effectiveness for the benefit of the nation and incoming generations.
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Trpkova-Nestorovska, Marija. "Viable health funding in time of demographic ageing". Economy, Business and Development: An International Journal 3, nr 1 (31.05.2022): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebd.00008.
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In the past several decades a new challenge has arisen, and it refers to the rapid demographic ageing of the population in developed and developing countries, quite opposite to the previous understanding of overpopulated planet. Increase in the older population brings its implications to different segments of the society, and the national health system and its funding is one of them. This paper tends to analyze if there is a relationship between the government health expenditure and the increase in the older population in fourteen countries from the European Union that are experiencing most intense process of demographic ageing. Also, other possible determinants of the health expenditures are included, such as government social spending, gross domestic product per capita and dummy variable to estimate the effect of the global recession onto the health expenditure.
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Guerra, Maria Pia. "The Judiciary in the Thought of Oliveira Vianna". Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro 184, nr 493 (20.12.2023): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.23927/revihgb.v.184.n.493.2023.74.
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Between 1920 and 1930, Oliveira Vianna theoretically formulated a new model of the judiciary, aiming for its integration into a corporatist-authoritarian power project that sought to reorganize society and the state. Vianna envisioned a robust judiciary, notwithstanding the dominance of the executive power and administrative agencies. This strength would emerge from the use of the "legal technique" of American legal realism. Moreover, due to its centralization in the Union, judges were expected to play a role in restraining deviations of legislative power and local authorities. The result was an institutional arrangement under tension, where the judiciary served the organization of the Nation but held a position subordinate to that of the head of the national executive power. These tensions reveal legal dilemmas in both authoritarian and democratic contexts.
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Legaut, Guillaume. "Pour une autre réforme des retraites". Études Tome 419, nr 12 (1.12.2013): 617–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etu.4196.0617.
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Le système de retraite actuel élaboré sous l’ère industrielle apparaît de moins en moins viable dans une économie marquée par la mondialisation, une société postindustrielle empreinte de pluralisme et des parcours de vie profondément différents. Un changement de paradigme est incontournable pour assurer une solidarité durable.
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Islam, Zahid, Mubeen Adnan i Musharaf Ali Talpur. "Pakistan’s Counter-Terrorism Strategy with Viable Recommendations". Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) 2, nr 2 (28.12.2020): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol2.iss2.45.
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Pakistan has been a victim of terrorist activities for the past two decades. No place has been left out as not only military installations, training centers of law enforcing agencies were targeted but soft belly targets like schools, hospitals, mosques, public parks, courts, hotels and restaurants were also chosen by the terrorists. Pakistan Army is a team of professionals having a mastery at their work have been fighting the menace of terrorism effectively but Army alone cannot control it to the fullest without the will and support of the general public and without a ‘hand & glove’ relation with other facets of the society. The objective of this article is to analyze those factors which gave birth to terrorism in Pakistan. Keeping in mind theoretical nature of the study, secondary data analysis method has been used to argue the issue. This study determines that the military operations are not the only solution to counter terrorism in the Pakistan but public opinion, political will and a close and friendly cooperation and coordination is a must to address the issue. Need of the hour is to take all the political, social and economic stakeholders onboard to tackle the issue, of terrorism bluntly.
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Campbell, Al. "Moving Beyond Capitalism: Human Development and Protagonistic Planned Socialism". Science & Society 86, nr 2 (kwiecień 2022): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/siso.2022.86.2.182.
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Major transformations of existing social orders require a broad belief: it is possible to build a viable alternative that addresses the major problems of the existing society. Social discussions involving a multitude of “mid-level concrete” models, or “previsions,” of such a viable alternative combine with the existing social discontent to create such social beliefs. The broad concept of “socialism” designates an organization of society and its production that does not involve some group of people living off their appropriation of part of the production of the rest of society. This paper presents some of the elements of a prefigurative conceptualization called Protagonistic Planned Socialism, which belongs to the Democratic Planned Socialism family of models. Its central elements are protagonistic collective self-determination of the operation of all the institutions of society by its members, consciously socially planned social production, and social labor processes that support and promote human development.
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Koko, Sadiki. "Implementing transitional justice in post-transition Central African Republic: What viable options?" African Human Rights Law Journal 21, nr 2 (31.12.2021): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1996-2096/2021/v21n2a38.
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The Central African Republic currently is in search of the most suitable approach to adopt in order to address serious crimes and human rights violations committed in the country in recent years. This article is a contribution to the ongoing debate relating to transitional justice options in post-transition CAR. It suggests a three-pronged policy; focusing on the perpetrators, the victims and on society generally. The proposed policy in respect of perpetrators refers to the International Criminal Court, the Special Criminal Court and the national judiciary. Amnesty could be granted to suspected perpetrators willing to cooperate fully with transitional justice institutions. Such individuals equally could be subjected to diverse forms of lustration in exchange for forgiveness. As far as victims are concerned reparation programmes should be adopted and the necessary skills provided in order to enable them, their relatives and communities to earn a living. Lastly, society-focused transitional justice initiatives could involve the effective operationalisation of the Truth, Justice, Reparation and Reconciliation Commission, the establishment of a permanent national peace and dialogue commission and the involvement of community-based mechanisms and religious leadership. Yet, in order to increase the likelihood of success for the proposed transitional justice policy, the overall capacity of the CAR state ought to be significantly improved. Furthermore, external polities will have to refrain from interfering in the country's internal affairs and, at the same time, the international community should increase its support of the CAR.
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Kipasa, Rossi Pumbulu. "La responsabilité de la société civile dans la réussite ou l’échec du cycle électoral en RDC". KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 11, nr 1 (2024): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2024-1-15.
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La démocratie reste largement tributaire d’une prise de conscience citoyenne des populations. Cette prise de conscience suppose que chaque individu soit conscient de son rôle dans l’élaboration d’une démocratie viable. Elle reflète la participation active de toutes les composantes de la société civile qui sont appelées à beaucoup apporter à l’élaboration de cette conscience qui par ailleurs stimule la participation citoyenne. Par l’entremise de la société civile, le peuple doit veiller à la garantie des processus électoraux, point de départ de la démocratie. Dans un contexte de système représentatif défaillant où sont plongés les pays africains et plus particulièrement la RDC, le contrôle des populations et leur totale adhésion au processus démocratique sont plus que nécessaires. La société civile est donc appelée à prendre part au processus électoral. Sa présence sur le terrain se justifie par des soucis de transparence des opérations, mais aussi par une volonté de former et d’encadrer les populations sur les enjeux des élections. En revanche, sa non-participation au processus électoral, ou mieux une participation fantaisiste, peut avoir des conséquences néfastes pour notre jeune démocratie.
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DOLLÉ, J. B., J. AGABRIEL, J. L. PEYRAUD, P. FAVERDIN, V. MANNEVILLE, C. RAISON, A. GAC i A. LE GALL. "Les gaz à effet de serre en élevage bovin : évaluation et leviers d'action". INRAE Productions Animales 24, nr 5 (8.12.2011): 415–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.5.3275.
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Le contexte environnemental actuel, tant politique (objectifs de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre) que sociétal (informationdu consommateur), nécessite de préciser les impacts de l'activité d'élevage bovin en matière de changement climatique. L'enjeuest de connaître précisément les niveaux d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) et de stockage de carbone, des différents modes deproduction. Pour cela, une évaluation basée sur la méthodologie de l'Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV) est mise au point à l'échelle dusystème d'élevage. Cette approche permet d'avoir une vision globale de l'activité d'élevage intégrant l'ensemble des processus interneset externes au fonctionnement de l'exploitation. Ainsi pour les systèmes laitiers français, l'empreinte carbone brute du lait est enmoyenne de 1,26 kg CO2/kg de lait. La prise en compte du stockage de carbone sous les prairies et les haies se traduit par une compensationcomprise entre 6 et 43% selon les systèmes, en fonction de la part de prairies. L'empreinte carbone nette du lait françaisest alors en moyenne de 1,0 kg CO2/kg de lait. Dans les systèmes bovins viande français, l'empreinte carbone brute est comprise entre14,8 et 16,5 kg CO2/kg viande vive en fonction du système de production (naisseur vs naisseur/engraisseur). Après prise en comptedu stockage de carbone qui permet une compensation comprise entre 24 et 53%, l'empreinte carbone nette est comprise entre 7,9 et11,3 kg CO2/kg viande vive. De nombreux leviers d'action sont identifiés dans les systèmes d'élevage de ruminants pour réduire l'empreintecarbone des produits au portail de la ferme. Certains concernent une optimisation des systèmes de production (ajustementdes apports alimentaires, gestion de la fertilisation…) et se traduisent par des économies en matière d'intrants. D'autres nécessitentla mise en place de nouvelles technologies et se traduiront donc par un investissement ou un coût de fonctionnement supérieur auxschémas actuels de production.
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Brown, James. "How Viable is Viability? Artificial Womb Technology and the Threat to Abortion Access". Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, nr 31.1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjgl.31.1.how.
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The viability standard plays an important role in abortion access around much of the United States. In fact, before the Dobbs decision, the viability standard was the constitutional gatekeeper to abortion access and was uniform across the entire nation. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court has removed the constitutional right to abortion altogether. Nevertheless, I will provide an argument as to why Dobbs does not signal the end of viability-based abortion around the U.S. I will prove the importance of the viability standard even in a post-Dobbs society, highlighting its operation within various state laws, such as Michigan’s Prop. 3, as well as its presence in federal bills aimed at codifying Roe. As an important factor in abortion regulation, it is important to note that viability is fluid and is subject to change depending on the context of medical technology. The artificial womb is a threat to the current understanding of viability, and its arrival is by no means far-fetched. The question this paper will address is how society should deal with viability after artificial womb technology becomes mainstream. The paper will explore potential alternatives to the viability standard, but ultimately conclude that viability ought to be retained where it is already used, and implemented where it is not, due to its inherent ability to fairly balance relevant interests in the abortion decision. This paper will advocate for reform envisaging legislative change to ground artificial wombs firmly within the private surrogacy sector, to distance them as being considered ‘medical apparatus’ capable of expediting viability.
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Bassano, Clara, Francesco Caputo, Paolo Barile i Paolo Piciocchi. "Empowering service systems through Intelligence Augmentation (IA) in digital society". ITM Web of Conferences 62 (2024): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20246205003.
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The paper explores the interpretative significance of relevance in the systemic qualification of “intelligence,” particularly in the context of Intelligence Augmentation (IA). Using the Viable System Approach (VSA) matrix, it delves into Informational Variety and Systemic Relevance to understand the incremental impact of AI in complex decision-making. The study reveals that, methodologically, the relevance of the viable system explains the synergistic collaboration between humans and machines, considering technology not just as an influential resource but also possessing structural criticality. “Intelligent” service systems, based on AI, transform into “wise” systems when components cooperate with technological resources. This interaction, rather than amplifying human capabilities, leads to cognitive enhancement, streamlining decision-making. The abstract emphasizes the incompleteness of current support systems, which focus solely on the quantitative aspect of information, suggesting that greater efficiency necessitates integrating human experiences, knowledge, and emotions. It underscores that the role of technology lies in how humans interact with it, and as technology becomes increasingly critical, algorithms will progressively shape AI decision-making processes. In summary, AI facilitates the transition of the business system from an intelligent to a wise configuration, integrating the rational component of AI with the emotional aspect of human intelligence.
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Laratta, Rosario. "From welfare state to welfare society: toward a viable system of welfare in Japan and England". International Journal of Social Welfare 19, nr 2 (30.04.2009): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2009.00657.x.
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Afolaranmi, Adebayo Ola. "Towards A Viable Framework for Social Media Utilization in Mediative Dialogue Adoptable by Baptist Pastors". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL PRACTICE 8, nr 1 (21.09.2023): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijrcp.v8.no1.2023.pg16.33.
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Many faith-based organizations, especially the Nigerian Baptist Convention, have deployed many means to promote peaceful coexistence in the society in an attempt to achieve Goal 16 of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. One such means is mediative dialogue through social media. As the world has metamorphosed digitally and social media changes communication means globally, using social media through mediative dialogue will likely improve promoting peaceful coexistence through mediative dialogue by faith-based organizations. The study examined how the Convention’s pastors use social media to promote peaceful coexistence through mediative dialogue in Baptist churches within the Ibadan metropolis. The study was done through three qualitative research methods: sample surveys, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The study focused on Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Telegram. The study discovers that many Baptist pastors in Ibadan have been using at least one social media platform. The study is corroborated by reviewing other related literatures. Specific responses and reviews were also given on each of the focused social media platforms. The study is concluded by giving some recommendations to faith-based organizations generally and pastors of the Nigerian Baptist Convention specifically on how to deploy social media in the process of promoting peaceful coexistence in the society through mediative dialogue.
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Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain, Roma Ulinnuha i Raihanah Abdullah. "Social Inclusion as A Challenge of Multiculturalism in Germany: A Study on Muslim Minorities". Alfuad: Jurnal Sosial Keagamaan 8, nr 2 (4.09.2024): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/jsk.v8i2.12052.
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Multiculturalism emphasises cultural and religious diversity in society. It plays an important role in the German context. However, its application in the country still faces challenges that affect the social inclusion of the Muslim minority. Social inclusion is crucial for accepting and integrating minorities into the majority society. Muslim minorities in Germany face several challenges, including discrimination, economic inequality, and limited access to education and employment opportunities. Discrimination is a significant barrier to social inclusion, as stereotypical perceptions and prejudices against their religion and culture often lead to discriminatory experiences in everyday life. Social inclusion is negatively impacted by economic hardship, which limits access to decent employment and equal income. Additionally, limited access to education complicates the integration of Muslim minorities, reducing their chances of achieving economically viable employment and contributing positively to society. Additionally, limited access to education complicates the integration of Muslim minorities, reducing their chances of achieving economically viable employment and contributing positively to society. Additionally, limited access to education complicates the integration of Muslim minorities, reducing their chances of achieving economically viable employment and contributing positively to society. It is important to address inequality in access to education to promote social inclusion. This article explores the factors that affect the social inclusion of Muslim minorities in Germany. Relevant case studies are used to analyze the impact of these factors on the daily lives of Muslim minorities. The article also discusses the efforts that can be made by the government, community organizations, and individuals to improve social inclusion. The aim of this article is to comprehensively address the challenges faced by Muslim minorities in Germany with regards to social inclusion. The goal is to find solutions that promote social justice and equality for all citizens.
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Zimin, I. N., i V. M. Kartvelishvili. "A Viable University: Foresight, Logframe, Lifestyle and Risks". Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, nr 5 (20.10.2021): 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2021-5-12-32.
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The study continues the study of the fundamental characteristics of models of viable systems conducted by the authors. The current issues of construction, reorganization and preservation of the life-incapable structure of a higher educational institution - university U, representing a recursive active subsystem of the educational environment, which is part of the universe-society, are considered. The formalized definitions of an absolutely viable, viable, conditionally viable and non-viable system are given, allowing from a mathematical point of view to assess the optimality of the structure and the efficiency of the system functioning. The analysis of the structure and functioning of a viable university is implemented in the conceptual framework of foresight design based on logframe technologies, which makes it possible to create a system that meets the strategic goals of the universe and the tactical settings of the educational environment. In the process of describing logframe methods based on the foresight approach, real risk situations arising in the modern education system, the university environment and higher educational institutions due to economic, social, managerial and psychological factors of the impact of external and internal environments of recursive active systems are significantly taken into account. The presented conceptual schemes allow us to take into account not only the structural features of the educational organization, but also the psychosocial situation in the team, which determines the stimulating and motivational aspects of personnel management. Examples of higher educational institutions are given, whose structures and training procedures have effectively met and continue to meet the needs and goals of the universe for several successive technological structures, remaining advanced educational and scientific-educational systems of the world level. A brief overview of research and practices in the presented field of knowledge is given, based on the approaches and methods of teaching, scientific and teaching experience of the authors. The presented material is useful for the process of formalization of conceptual aspects of the theory of viable systems, classification of risk situations in the educational process, adaptation of foresight and logframe technologies to the practice of diagnosing and designing effective educational structures that meet the modern socio-economic requirements of technological structures of developed societies.
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Mohamad Suhaimi, Farhana, i Ahmad Fatin Mohamad Suhaimi. "DEVELOPMENT OF WAQF LAND FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: IS A HOTEL A VIABLE PROJECT?" Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 8, nr 1 (1.06.2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.v8i1.190.
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This article examines waqf(pious endowment) hotel projects developed by Yayasan Waqaf Malaysia(YWM) for the economic development of Malaysian communities. Hotel projects were selected as the scope of this study because of their function as large-scale commercial projects and their impact on the development of Malaysian communities. The study involved three waqfhotel projects in Peninsular Malaysia. This study used interviews as primary sources and relevant documents as secondary sources. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. This study found that waqf hotel projects contribute to the economy through the optimal use of land resources, income generation and employment opportunities. Thus, the implementation of waqfhotel projects have the ability to contribute to the socio-economic development of society and the state.
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Odutayo, Adesegun Olayide. "Deliberative Dialogue as a Viable Instructional Method for Civic Learning Outcomes". Studies in Learning and Teaching 4, nr 2 (31.08.2023): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46627/silet.v4i2.233.
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Civic education aids students in acquiring the skills necessary to create a democratic society. The effectiveness of deliberative dialogue as an instructional method on civic learning outcomes was investigated in this study. A quasi-experimental design was used for the investigation. In Ilorin, two secondary schools were chosen at random and split into experimental and control groups. The sample for this study consisted of 73 students (control group: 38; experimental group: 35). An eight-week study was conducted. The Civic Learning Test (CLT), a fifty-item multiple-choice test with sufficient validation, served as the instrument for data collection. The Spearman-Brown Prophesy Formula yielded a reliability index of 0.78 using SPSS statistics (23.0). Mean and standard deviation were used to respond to research question 1, and ANCOVA was used to test the two research hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that students who participated in deliberative dialogue had significantly better civic learning outcomes. Additionally, there is no discernible gender difference in the civic learning outcomes of students who participated in deliberative dialogue. It was recommended that the Government, through NERDC, should include deliberative dialogue as a legitimate instructional method in the curriculum.
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Torfing, Jacob, i Tina Øllgaard Bentzen. "Does Stewardship Theory Provide a Viable Alternative to Control-Fixated Performance Management?" Administrative Sciences 10, nr 4 (3.11.2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci10040086.
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Stewardship theory provides an interesting alternative to agency theory, which in the recent New Public Management era supported the introduction of rigorous performance management systems based on generalized mistrust in and control of public employees. However, we lack empirical validation of the feasibility and positive outcomes of the new forms of trust-based management recommended by stewardship theory. As such, there are few examples of alternative ways of boosting the motivation of public employees that can serve as beacons for public service organizations (PSOs) eager to find new ways of motivating their staff to create public value for the users of public services and society as a whole. This article aims to remedy this problem by exploring a seemingly successful empirical case of trust-based management to see whether the core principles of stewardship theory apply and how new management practices may influence the motivation and well-being of the employees, the perceived satisfaction and involvement of the users, and overall organizational performance, including cost efficiency.
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Meadows, Susan. "Panel Session: “The Wave of Innovation for an Aging Society: Enhancing Independent Living”". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, nr 3 (październik 1988): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803200302.
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“The Wave of Innovation for an Aging Society” encompasses serious concerns for all who envision an independent, healthy, and functioning society in the future. By the year 2000, one in five Americans will be over the age of 55. In order to address the challenges facing society for continued functioning, technological innovations of today must be explored as viable strategies. This panel will discuss the application of human factors principles in safety, healthcare, and technology toward the enhancement of work and independent living for the future.
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Zhussipbek, G., Zh Nagayeva i A. Baktybek. "The Significance of the Social State Model in Development of an Inclusive Society". Al-Farabi 75, nr 3 (30.09.2021): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.3/1999-5911.08.
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This article provides a critical analysis of the features of neoliberal capitalism that hinder the development of social justice and the creation of an inclusive society. Some of them, such as the commercialization and commodification of education and health care systems and the curtailment and cancelation of social programs and social policies, have been adopted in many countries with transitional economy. As a viable example of the social state, this paper briefly analyzes the Scandinavian model of the welfare state, in which the concept of "care" became the central idea. Also, this article discusses the features of the Scandinavian model of education, which is student-centric and based on an egalitarian philosophy. This model of education can be qualified as "empowering the students and pupils." The Scandinavian model of social state can serve as a viable alternative to the economic and social model, created according to the principles of neoliberal capitalism, which does not lead to the creation of an inclusive society.
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Chua, Alejandro Boza, Karen Gabriel Gonzales, Enrique Lee Huamaní i Alexi Delgado. "Development of a Security System Based on Facial Recognition Oriented to the Management and Diversion of Criminal Attacks". International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, nr 2 (5.02.2022): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0222_06.
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Throughout the course of time, crime and citizen insecurity continues to be one of the most harmful problems with great impacts on society, for this reason the present research work is based on the development of a security system oriented to the management and diversion of criminal attacks in Peruvian society, this being possible thanks to the help of one of the best technologies today, which is facial recognition. Likewise, together with this technology, the eXtreme Programming methodology was implemented, which, thanks to its development phases, provided different advantages for the development of this software. Consequently, it was possible to obtain positive results such as processes, innovations and viable tests for the implementation of this software in different entities of the society. The survey carried out on 17 businesses in 4 districts of northern Lima showed a 93% satisfaction rate. Finally, this research work fulfilled the needs reflected in the requirements set out at the beginning of the project, developing a viable security system. Keywords—Citizen Security, Criminal Record, Facial Recognition, Image Recognition, XP Methodology
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Sirlopú, David, i Jan Pieter Van Oudenhoven. "Is multiculturalism a viable path in Chile? Intergroup and acculturative perspectives on Chilean society and Peruvian immigrants". International Journal of Intercultural Relations 37, nr 6 (listopad 2013): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.09.011.
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Kingsley N., Okoro,. "Women and Peace Initiative in Igbo Traditional Society: A Viable Option for Peace Building in Modern Africa". Humanities and Social Sciences 1, nr 1 (2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130101.17.
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Buda, Dumitru-Mircea. "Ethical Renegotiation of the Past". Acta Marisiensis. Philologia 3, nr 1 (1.09.2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amph-2022-0044.
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Abstract The article discusses “Fals tratat de manipulare”, one of Ana Blandiana’s collections of essays, trying to establish if her ethical approach on social phenomena, as well as her criticism of post-communist Romanian society is still viable.
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Arief, Sofyan. "Law Construction in Modern Society". Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 1, nr 1 (30.03.2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/iccle.v1i01.20693.
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The effectiveness of law as a tool for social construction should ideally enhance our societal framework and address the challenges of the evolving era. However, contemporary observations reveal a growing lack of trust in the legal system. Critics point to perceived deficiencies in the quality of laws as agents of social construction and in achieving substantive justice. Moreover, a palpable anxiety surrounding a legitimacy crisis is evident. The role of law as a medium for social construction, aiming to establish a just and prosperous society, faces considerable resistance. Understanding the root causes behind society's struggle to interpret and embrace the purpose of law as a social construction instrument becomes imperative. The inadequate level of legal awareness among the populace is closely linked to issues such as educational disparities. The existing education systems, patterns of regulatory socialization, and restricted public access to information contribute to a diminished recognition of the importance of law. Addressing these challenges necessitates a focus on education as a viable solution. By elevating legal awareness, it is anticipated that the propensity for individuals to contravene the law would diminish. Therefore, investing in public education emerges as a promising strategy to foster the realization of a modern, constructively developed society.
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Chernysheva, Yu А. "Human Rights in a Digitalized Society". Psychology and Law 9, nr 4 (2019): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2019090407.
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The article focuses on a comprehensive theoretico-legal study of the content, features and problems of human rights realization in the context of digitalization of society as well as on following development of evidence based recommendations, practical mechanisms aimed at the viable defence of human rights and freedoms in modern Russia. The methodological basis of the study is represented by the general scientific dialectic method and a set of scientific methods of understanding (technical, systemic structural, aristotelian method). The results show that at the current stage of the development of society, the state is required to protect human rights and interests in the context of global digitalization. The legislator should determine the forms of information turnover; establish the rights and duties of participants in “digital” legal relations; the limits of digital technology application. It is concluded that the development of information technology is accompanied by the abuse of such means for criminal purposes, and also emphasizes the development needs of legal measures to counter offenses and crimes in the field of digitalization of all areas of society.
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Mitroiu, Simona. "Recuperative memory in Romanian post-Communist society". Nationalities Papers 44, nr 5 (wrzesień 2016): 751–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1182144.
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This paper explores the idea of “recuperative memory” with respect to the process of coming to terms with the past after the fall of the Romanian Communist regime in 1989. Its method is to examine the mechanisms used by recuperative memory in order to re-appropriate the past and emphasize the inherently mediated and multifaceted nature of this process. Using various examples from oral testimonies, autobiographical writings, literary works, and cinema, the paper argues that the role of recuperative memory is not only to facilitate the process of coming to terms with the past, but also to offer the material necessary to sustain a viable politics of memory. This entails providing a platform for the intergenerational transmission of memory and knowledge for those who did not live under the Communist regime, filling in this way the intergenerational gap, despite the lack of political class engagement.
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Adhikary, Ramesh Prasad. "Exploring the Fusion of Magic and Realism in Harris's Chocolat: A Beacon of Hope for Liberation". KDU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, nr 1 (11.07.2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/kjms.v5i1.58.
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With an emphasis on the novel's description of magical realism and social reformation, this research paper seeks to study Joanne Harris's Chocolat and its depiction of a society in which the residents strongly regard the so-called Christian orthodoxy. The researcher used a qualitative research method, such as literary analysis, to analyze the novel and explore its themes and motifs. For this, the novel is examined in detail, themes and motifs are identified, and the characters and their interactions are analyzed in detail. The researcher used quotes from the novel to support his claim. The female protagonist, Vianne, challenges this orthodoxy through her chocolate boutique in front of the church and initiates social reformation. The novel explores the negative portrayal of Vianne by the townspeople as a witch, outsider, and atheist, but she overcomes these issues by exposing the hypocrisy of the Christian orthodoxy and advocating for humanity, freedom, and social change through her chocolate shop. The author strikes a balance between magical and realist explanations in her writing. At the same time, the main character possesses a magical ability to intuit her customers' preferences and artfully win their affections. The novel encourages readers to accept the mystical elements of everyday life and scientific rationality. The findings and conclusion of this research is that Harris's Chocolat is a unique blend of magical realism and social reformation, challenging traditional Christian orthodoxy and advocating for a more humane, free, and accepting society.
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Willetts, J., S. Fane i C. Mitchell. "Making decentralised systems viable: a guide to managing decentralised assets and risks". Water Science and Technology 56, nr 5 (1.09.2007): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.569.
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Decentralised systems have the potential to provide a viable option for long term sustainable management of household wastewater. Yet, at present, such systems hold an uncertain status and are frequently omitted from consideration. Their potential can only be realised with improved approaches to their management, and improved methods to decision-making in planning of wastewater systems. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the value of a novel framework to guide the planning of decentralised systems so that asset management and risk management are explicitly considered. The framework was developed through a detailed synthesis of literature and practice in the area of asset management of centralised water and wastewater systems, and risk management in the context of decentralised systems. Key aspects of the framework are attention to socio-economic risks as well as engineering, public health and ecological risks, the central place of communication with multiple stakeholders and establishing a shared asset information system. A case study is used to demonstrate how the framework can guide a different approach and lead to different, more sustainable outcomes, by explicitly considering the needs and perspectives of homeowners, water authorities, relevant government agencies and society as a whole.
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Podunavac, Milan. "Constitutional consensus in post communism: The case of Serbia". Filozofija i drustvo, nr 19-20 (2002): 213–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid0209213p.
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In the light of the dramatic events in political society in Serbia the author examines the most basic question of political theory of constitutionalism, i.e. how is it possible for a revolution to culminate in a viable form of constitutional government.
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Heard-Bey, Frauke. "The United Arab Emirates: Statehood and Nation-Building in a Traditional Society". Middle East Journal 59, nr 3 (1.07.2005): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3751/59.3.11.
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Nationals represent barely 20% of the population in the United Arab Emirates, but form the economically and socially privileged group of UAE citizens. The Rulers of the seven emirates were able to retain the historical loyalty of the “Emiratis” by advancing the economic development of the individual states, while Abu Dhabi-financed federal development helped to create a viable national state. Democratization is not of the same urgency as in some neighboring Gulf countries.
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Hysa, Xhimi. "The research as a decision-making process A viable system’s perspective". Crafting ‘Scientific’ Research in Architecture, nr 26 (1.01.2023): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/f40002604.
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The human being and its relation to the territory is symbiotically related to the evolution process. During the evolution, humans, like other species too, have always been in search for survival as an ultimate goal to conserve the viability of the system (i.e., the belonging class). Therefore, individuals are viable systems which aim the finality of survival through a dynamic equilibrium and homeostatic processes with supra-systems and subsystems with which they attempt to ensure states of consonance (structural compatibility) and resonance (systemic interaction) (Barile et al., 2019; Beer, 1985). To do so, they must decide and act, while searching for meaning that is their subjective perception on problems1 and opportunities. The search for meaning is a natural tendency of human beings as they are inclined to attenuate the environmental entropy by giving a sense to the stimuli of the surrounding context, going from a composition of parts towards the whole. In research, the measurement of meaning has been performed through the well-known scale of semantic differential, usually a 7-point scale of semantic values that describes an attribute or a person’s attitude towards something (Osgood et al., 1957). Consequently, the individual behaves as an observing system, filtering information and constructing its own “invented reality” (von Foerster, 2003; Watzalick, 1984). In the field of architecture, environment, and territorial planning, the attitudes of the observer – which might be an academic researcher, an entrepreneur, a policy maker, or even the whole society – towards the territory and its ecosystem components are of a fundamental importance (Swanwick, 2009; Foroudi et al., 2020; Khandan and Rezaei, 2022).
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Ivan, Chompalov, i Lubomir Popov. "Positivist Misconceptions of Science and the Search for Viable Solutions". European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, nr 1 (15.05.2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/867rqe28x.
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Prevailing current definitions of science are largely based on a traditional, positivist paradigm that favors the natural sciences and either denies or downplays the scientific status of the social sciences and the humanities. The disciplinary organization and institutionalization of research and systematic inquiry is still the norm. This article argues that the rigid organization of science and indeed the dominant view that there are hard sciences and soft sciences with the latter occupying an inferior position with regard to their knowledge claims and utility is pretty outmoded and does not fit well the current challenges and global needs. This is not just an academic issue but has clear practical implications in terms of funding and staffing, as well as the distribution of other valuable resources, especially in view of the dwindling federal and state funding for both the natural sciences and the humanities and social sciences. We develop our argument using as a methodological platform the ideas of ‘The Two Cultures,’ the ‘Science Wars,’ the new constructivist turn in social studies of science, and science as a social institution. We argue that current definitions of science need to be modified to include the humanities and to emancipate the social sciences and the ‘soft’ paradigms associated with them. This can form the basis of an earnest effort for better integration of different kinds of disciplines and for achieving much needed synergisms to tackle complex problems that tend to be multifaceted and whose solutions do not easily conform to single disciplinary paradigms. The contention here is that such a bridge between the two cultures can use as a model the social sciences, since they successfully combine methods from the natural sciences with approaches and theories common in the humanities. In our opinion, this is a feasible path to both greater interdisciplinarity and more vigorous collaboration between the different branches of science that can benefit both working scientists and society at large when dealing with pressing issues like environmental problems, the depletion of natural resources, pandemics, and natural disasters.