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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Verification-based software inspection"
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Simon, S., i J. P. Rogala. "Model-based prediction-verification scheme for real-time inspection". Pattern Recognition Letters 7, nr 5 (czerwiec 1988): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(88)90071-2.
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BESSON, FRÉDÉRIC, THOMAS DE GRENIER DE LATOUR i THOMAS JENSEN. "Interfaces for stack inspection". Journal of Functional Programming 15, nr 2 (marzec 2005): 179–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796804005465.
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Stack inspection is a mechanism for programming secure applications in the presence of code from various protection domains. Run-time checks of the call stack allow a method to obtain information about the code that (directly or indirectly) invoked it in order to make access control decisions. This mechanism is part of the security architecture of Java and the .NET Common Language Runtime. A central problem with stack inspection is to determine to what extent the local checks inserted into the code are sufficient to guarantee that a global security property is enforced. A further problem is how such verification can be carried out in an incremental fashion. Incremental analysis is important for avoiding re-analysis of library code every time it is used, and permits the library developer to reason about the code without knowing its context of deployment. We propose a technique for inferring interfaces for stack-inspecting libraries in the form of secure calling context for methods. By a secure calling context we mean a pre-condition on the call stack sufficient for guaranteeing that execution of the method will not violate a given global property. The technique is a constraint-based static program analysis implemented via fixed point iteration over an abstract domain of linear temporal logic properties.
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Shi, Mengdi, Jun Ji i Wei Wang. "Development of Railway Bridge Deflection Detection System Based on NI-cDAQ Inclinometer". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2160, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2160/1/012068.
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Abstract Aiming at the limitation of the traditional deflection test method by the field application of railway bridge inspection, the paper develops a data acquisition and analysis system for bridge deflection inspection. The system is based on NI-cDAQ series acquisition equipment and the LabVIEW programming software development environment. Through the industrial Modbus bus protocol, it is possible to integrate the inclinometer, data acquisition equipment and other hardware acquisition equipment with the application software through the computer, and establish a complete set of practical instrument equipment and dynamic deflection detection process to achieve high speed, high precision and multi-channel acquisition Bridge deflection information. Combined with field tests for verification, the results show that the real-time collection and transmission of various parameters of the system can run for a long time under complex field conditions, with stable work and reliable data.
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Suharev, N. V. "DEVELOPMENT OF CHARGING AND DISCHARGE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPLEX APPLICABLE FOR CHECKING BATTERIES OF SPACE VEHICLES". EurasianUnionScientists 5, nr 5(74) (14.06.2020): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.74.758.
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Problem statement: Currently, there is a need in the space industry to actively improve the characteristics of battery batteries, the use of new types of batteries for power supply systems of spacecraft leads to a constant demand to improve the control and verification equipment (CPA). Depending on the improvement of storage batteries (AB) for spacecraft, the requirements for electrical inspections and control and verificationequipment were gradually changed. With the advent of lithium-ion batteries for spacecraft, there was a need to develop and manufacture a charge-discharge hardware and software complex (ZRPAK). The charge-discharge hardware-software complex designed to work as a charger-bit complex to work with AB spacecraft for all ground operation phases, to verify compliance of the electrical characteristics of the AB to the specified requirements, conduct incoming inspection and Autonomous tests of AB on the manufacturer of the spacecraft. The advantages and disadvantages of the previously developed and currently used control and verification equipment are analyzed. The electrical characteristics of the KPA of all generations of development are summarized in the table. Based on the analysis of the development of batteries, trends in the development of control and verification equipment and the fact that all spacecraft of new developments will use only lithium-ion batteries, the requirements for a promising fifth-generation ZRPAK are formulated. The following requirements are applied to the fifth-generation charge-discharge software and hardware complex: increase the charge-discharge voltage to 150 V; increase the charge -discharge current to 150 A; introduce devices for pre-charge-pre-discharge of the battery into the KPA; increase the accuracy of measuring the voltage of each battery; provide remote operation from the control PC; writing cyclograms; logging and subsequent viewing of all test data
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HÄRKÖNEN, ARI, JARI MIETTINEN i ILKKA MORING. "DESIGN OF IMAGE ACQUISITION FOR SURFACE INSPECTION". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 10, nr 01 (luty 1996): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001496000037.
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Since the design of an inspection system typically requires a lot of application-dependent work, the provision of systematic methods and tools to assist in the design process could significantly reduce the system development and installation time. With this in view, a step-by-step design procedure for image acquisition systems is suggested, consisting of measurements of certain important optical parameters for the surfaces to be inspected, modelling of the measurements and arrangement of the imaging in a form that a computer can understand, simulation of the imaging process in a computer using optical analysis tools, and verification of the results through a pilot system. The procedure is exemplified by describing its application to the design of a steel sheet inspection system and its capacity for optimising the detection of various defects is demonstrated. For comparison, measurements made on some other materials are shown and the implications discussed. The results of the simulation and the pilot system for steel are compared and the usefulness of the computer-based design method is evaluated.
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Rimshin, Vladimir, i Pavel Truntov. "An integrated approach to the use of composite materials for the restoration of reinforced concrete structures". E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 03068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913503068.
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The article presents the results of a technical inspection of the state of the structures of the object. To conduct the study, horizontal structures of the sludge pool that were exposed to the carbonization reaction were taken for the objects under investigation. Defects and damages of the considered structures revealed during visual inspection are described. The degree of carbonization of reinforced concrete structures was determined by the phenolphthalein sample method. According to the results of the technical inspection, a verification calculation of the beam was carried out in order to determine its bearing capacity for assessing the suitability for further operation after restoration and strengthening. The calculation was performed using software. Based on the calculation results, data on the bearing capacity of the beam reinforced with composite materials were determined. The option of restoring and strengthening the beam using external reinforcement based on carbon fibers FibArm 230/150 is presented. The restoration was carried out taking into account the carbonized concrete layer. Based on the results of the study, an assessment is given of the application of an integrated approach to the restoration and strengthening of structures with composite materials, taking into account the carbonized concrete layer.
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Ivan, Virgala, i Filakovský Filip. "CONCERTINA LOCOMOTION OF A SNAKE ROBOT IN THE PIPE". TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOG IES, nr 4 (14) (2018): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2018-4(14)-109-117.
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Urgency of the research. Nowadays robotics and mechatronics come to be mainstream. With development in these areas also grow computing fastidiousness. Since there is significant focus on numerical modeling and algorithmization in kinematic and dynamic modeling. Inspection of the pipes is well-known engineering application. For this application are usually used wheel-based robots. Another approaches are based on biologically inspired mechanisms like inchworm robot. Our study deals with another kind of pipe inspection robot, namely snake robot. Target setting. Modeling and testing of snake robot moving in the pipe for the inspection purposes. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Pipe inspection is usually done by wheel-based robots. However, snake robots have great potential to do these applications. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Inspection in section of curved pipes is still the actual point of research. The research objective. In the paper the locomotion pattern of namely snake robot is designed and experimentally verified. The statement of basic materials. This paper investigates the area of numerical modeling in software MATLAB. The paper presents locomotion pattern of snake robot moving in the narrow pipe. Next, kinematic model for robot is derived and motion of robot simulated in the software MATLAB. Subsequently the experiments are done with experimental snake robot LocoSnake. In the conclusion the simulation and experiment results are compared and discussed. Conclusions. The paper introduces concertina locomotion pattern of namely snake robot with numerical modeling as well as experimental verification. The results of experiment are different from simulation mainly because of differences of kinematic configuration between simulation and real model. The experiment also shows uniqueness of kinematic configuration using revolute as well as prismatic joints, what is for concertina locomotion significant.
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Sun, Tao, Liangpeng Ye, Jia Xie, Jiaqing Zhang, Minghao Fan i Hao Fan. "Research and application of substation cable trench inspection robot communication system". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2031, nr 1 (1.09.2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2031/1/012025.
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Abstract The substation cable trench inspection robot is mainly used to inspect the high-voltage cables in the underground cable trench of the substation, so as to find various hidden dangers in time. However, due to serious electromagnetic interference in the cable trench and no communication network underground, the environment is more complicated. Aiming at the complex environment in the cable trench, this paper designs a WLAN-based cable trench inspection robot communication program, combining WLAN with directional antennas, and relaying through relay routing, so that the communication between the robot and the PC is divided into pipeline communication and ground communication Two parts. At the same time, the communication hardware, software, and protocol are designed based on the B/S architecture, which effectively improves the communication distance. Through field verification, the packet loss rate of the communication system proposed in the thesis is less than 0.5‰, the communication is stable, and the communication task of the robot in the cable trench of the substation can be completed well.
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Chen, Liqiong, Shilong Song i Can Wang. "A Novel Effort Measure Method for Effort-Aware Just-in-Time Software Defect Prediction". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 31, nr 08 (sierpień 2021): 1145–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194021500364.
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Just-in-time software defect prediction (JIT-SDP) is a fine-grained software defect prediction technology, which aims to identify the defective code changes in software systems. Effort-aware software defect prediction is a software defect prediction technology that takes into consideration the cost of code inspection, which can find more defective code changes in limited test resources. The traditional effort-aware defect prediction model mainly measures the effort based on the number of lines of code (LOC) and rarely considers additional factors. This paper proposes a novel effort measure method called Multi-Metric Joint Calculation (MMJC). When measuring the effort, MMJC takes into account not only LOC, but also the distribution of modified code across different files (Entropy), the number of developers that changed the files (NDEV) and the developer experience (EXP). In the simulation experiment, MMJC is combined with Linear Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, LightGBM, Support Vector Machine and Neural Network, respectively, to build the software defect prediction model. Several comparative experiments are conducted between the models based on MMJC and baseline models. The results show that indicators ACC and [Formula: see text] of the models based on MMJC are improved by 35.3% and 15.9% on average in the three verification scenarios, respectively, compared with the baseline models.
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Stojadinovic, Slavenko M., Vidosav D. Majstorovic, Adam Gąska, Jerzy Sładek i Numan M. Durakbasa. "Development of a Coordinate Measuring Machine—Based Inspection Planning System for Industry 4.0". Applied Sciences 11, nr 18 (10.09.2021): 8411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188411.
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Industry 4.0 represents a new paradigm which creates new requirements in the area of manufacturing and manufacturing metrology such as to reduce the cost of product, flexibility, mass customization, quality of product, high level of digitalization, optimization, etc., all of which contribute to smart manufacturing and smart metrology systems. This paper presents a developed inspection planning system based on CMM as support of the smart metrology within Industry 4.0 or manufacturing metrology 4.0 (MM4.0). The system is based on the application of three AI techniques such as engineering ontology (EO), GA and ants colony optimization (ACO). The developed system consists of: the ontological knowledge base; the mathematical model for generating strategy of initial MP; the model of analysis and optimization of workpiece setups and probe configuration; the path simulation model in MatLab, PTC Creo and STEP-NC Machine software, and the model of optimization MP by applying ACO. The advantage of the model is its suitability for monitoring of the measurement process and digitalization of the measurement process planning, simulation carried out and measurement verification based on CMM, reduction of the preparatory measurement time as early as in the inspection planning phase and minimizing human involvement or human errors through intelligent planning, which directly influences increased production efficiency, competitiveness, and productivity of enterprises. The measuring experiment was performed using a machined prismatic workpiece (PW).
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Verification-based software inspection"
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Powell, Daniel, i n/a. "Formal Methods For Verification Based Software Inspection". Griffith University. School of Computing and Information Technology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030925.154706.
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Useful processes, that are independently repeatable, are utilised in all branches of science and traditional engineering disciplines but seldom in software engineering. This is particularly so with processes used for detection and correction of defects in software systems. Code inspection, as introduced by Michael Fagan at IBM in the mid 1970's is widely recognised as an effective technique for finding defects in software. Despite its reputation, code inspection, as it is currently practiced, is not a strictly repeatable process. This is due to the problems faced by inspectors when they attempt to paraphrase the complicated semantics of a unit of computer code. Verification based software inspection, as advocated by the cleanroom software engineering community, requires that arguments of correctness be formulated with the code and its specification. These arguments rely on the reader being able to extract the semantics from the code. This thesis addresses the requirement for an independently repeatable, scalable and substantially automated method for yielding semantics from computer code in a complete, unambiguous and consistent manner in order to facilitate, and make repeatable, verification based code inspection. Current literature regarding the use of code inspection for verification of software is surveyed. Empirical studies are referenced, comparing inspection to software testing and program proof. Current uses of formal methods in software engineering will be discussed, with particular reference to formal method applications in verification. Forming the basis of the presented method is a systematic, and hence repeatable, approach to the derivation of program semantics. The theories and techniques proposed for deriving semantics from program code extend current algorithmic and heuristic techniques for deriving invariants. Additionally, the techniques introduced yield weaker forms of invariant information which are also useful for verification, defect detection and correction. Methods for using these weaker invariant forms, and tools to support these methods, are introduced. Algorithmic and heuristic techniques for investigating loop progress and termination are also introduced. Some of these techniques have been automated in supporting tools, and hence, the resulting defects can be repeatably identified. Throughout this thesis a strong emphasis is placed on describing implementable algorithms to realise the derivation techniques discussed. A number of these algorithms are implemented in a tool to support the application of the verification methods presented. The techniques and tools presented in this thesis are well suited, but not limited to, supporting rigorous methods of defect detection as well as formal and semi-formal reasoning of correctness. The automation of these techniques in tools to support practical, formal code reading and correctness argument will assist in addressing the needs of trusted component technologies and the general requirement for quality in software.
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Powell, Daniel. "Formal Methods For Verification Based Software Inspection". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366466.
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Useful processes, that are independently repeatable, are utilised in all branches of science and traditional engineering disciplines but seldom in software engineering. This is particularly so with processes used for detection and correction of defects in software systems. Code inspection, as introduced by Michael Fagan at IBM in the mid 1970's is widely recognised as an effective technique for finding defects in software. Despite its reputation, code inspection, as it is currently practiced, is not a strictly repeatable process. This is due to the problems faced by inspectors when they attempt to paraphrase the complicated semantics of a unit of computer code. Verification based software inspection, as advocated by the cleanroom software engineering community, requires that arguments of correctness be formulated with the code and its specification. These arguments rely on the reader being able to extract the semantics from the code. This thesis addresses the requirement for an independently repeatable, scalable and substantially automated method for yielding semantics from computer code in a complete, unambiguous and consistent manner in order to facilitate, and make repeatable, verification based code inspection. Current literature regarding the use of code inspection for verification of software is surveyed. Empirical studies are referenced, comparing inspection to software testing and program proof. Current uses of formal methods in software engineering will be discussed, with particular reference to formal method applications in verification. Forming the basis of the presented method is a systematic, and hence repeatable, approach to the derivation of program semantics. The theories and techniques proposed for deriving semantics from program code extend current algorithmic and heuristic techniques for deriving invariants. Additionally, the techniques introduced yield weaker forms of invariant information which are also useful for verification, defect detection and correction. Methods for using these weaker invariant forms, and tools to support these methods, are introduced. Algorithmic and heuristic techniques for investigating loop progress and termination are also introduced. Some of these techniques have been automated in supporting tools, and hence, the resulting defects can be repeatably identified. Throughout this thesis a strong emphasis is placed on describing implementable algorithms to realise the derivation techniques discussed. A number of these algorithms are implemented in a tool to support the application of the verification methods presented. The techniques and tools presented in this thesis are well suited, but not limited to, supporting rigorous methods of defect detection as well as formal and semi-formal reasoning of correctness. The automation of these techniques in tools to support practical, formal code reading and correctness argument will assist in addressing the needs of trusted component technologies and the general requirement for quality in software.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Computing and Information Technology
Full Text
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Verification-based software inspection"
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Powell, D. "Tool support for verification-based software inspection". W 2004 Australian Software Engineering Conference. Proceedings. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aswec.2004.1290476.
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Korngold, Jacob, Russ Kraft, Tony Luscher, Minsup Lee i Gopal Shenoy. "Automatic Feature and Tolerance Modeling for in-Process Verification of 2D Punch Press Parts". W ASME 1993 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1993-0030.
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Abstract The objective of this project was to streamline the in-process verification of 2D sheetmetal parts by providing a vision based inspection workstation and software applications for the inspection planner. The goal was to develop an interactive inspection planning application which reads an IGES file representing an unfolded blank, and automatically generates inspection plans and setup instructions for the inspection workstation. The inspection workstation automatically executes the inspection plan and generates an inspection report for the part. The workstation and planning applications were successfully demonstrated for a family of sheetmetal features including holes, slots, rectangles, hexagons, keyholes, and patterns. Use of the system resulted in dramatic lime savings over manual inspection methods.
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Roberts, Alexandra, John True, Nathan T. Jessurun i Dr Navid Asadizanjani. "An Overview of 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Algorithms for PCB Inspection". W ISTFA 2020. ASM International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2020p0188.
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Abstract Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) play a critical role in everyday electronic systems, therefore the quality and assurance of the functionality for these systems is a topic of great interest to the government and industry. PCB manufacturing has been largely outsourced to cut manufacturing costs in comparison with the designing and testing of PCBs which still retains a large presence domestically. This offshoring of manufacturing has created a surge in the supply chain vulnerability for potential adversaries to garner access and attack a device via a malicious modification. Current hardware assurance and verification methods are based on electrical and optical tests. These tests are limited in the detection of malicious hardware modifications, otherwise known as Hardware Trojans. For PCB manufacturing there has been an increase in the use of automated X-ray inspection. These inspections can validate a PCB’s functionality during production. Such inspections mitigate process errors in real time but are unable to perform highresolution characterization on multi-layer fully assembled PCBs. In this paper, several X-ray reconstruction methods, ranging from proprietary to open-source, are compared. The high-fidelity, commercial NRecon software for SkyScan 2211 Multi-scale X-ray micro-Tomography system is compared to various methods from the ASTRA Toolbox. The latter is an open-source, transparent approach to reconstruction via analytical and iterative methods. The toolbox is based on C++ and MEX file functions with MATLAB and Python wrappers for analysis of PCB samples. In addition, the differences in required imaging parameters and the resultant artifacts generated by planar PCBs are compared to the imaging of cylindrical biological samples. Finally, recommendations are made for improving the ASTRA Toolbox reconstruction results and guidance is given on the appropriate scenarios for each algorithm in the context of hardware assurance for PCBs.
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Estep, Neal, i Ryan Sicking. "IST Management Software for Check Valves, MOVs, and AOVs". W ASME/NRC 2014 12th Valves, Pumps, and Inservice Testing Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nrc2014-5027.
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This paper focuses on Inservice Testing (IST) software, in particular software developed by Kalsi Engineering, Inc. (KEI), to assist plant personnel in implementing IST requirements. The requirements in Mandatory Appendices II, III, and IV to ASME’s Operation and Maintenance of Nuclear Power Plants (OM Code) for check-valve condition monitoring, motor-operated valve (MOV) inservice testing, and air-operated valve (AOV) inservice testing, respectively, are identified. Each requirement in Appendix II is mapped to specific functionality in the condition-monitoring software. In addition, methods used in the design-analysis software for design-basis verification, trending of diagnostic test data, and functional margin determination to satisfy the requirements in Appendices III and IV are also described and mapped to specific requirements. Conditioning-monitoring management database software is designed to comprehensively meet the documentation and trending requirements of Appendix II. The software addresses all program aspects, including valve grouping, program analysis, development of optimization and performance-improvement activities, evaluation of test and inspection intervals, trending and feedback, and corrective maintenance. To achieve this functionality, the condition-monitoring software includes check-valve design information, condition-monitoring activity setup and test history, trending of test parameters, a repository for miscellaneous data, and documentation of expert panel reviews. Database query tools and hard-copy reports are also provided. The benefit is that this software provides a standardized, central collection point from which plant engineers can effectively manage their Appendix II program without having to develop and maintain a multitude of non-standardized personal spreadsheets or databases. In addition, the software assists in succession planning and minimizes the transition time for new check-valve program owners. The MOV and AOV design-analysis software determines initial design margin and then uses field test data and associated uncertainties to determine actual setup functional margin. In addition, trending of diagnostic in-service test data is performed to verify that design values are conservative and that the inservice test intervals are appropriate based on projected degradation rate. The benefit of this software is that it assists utility engineers in satisfying the design-basis verification, preservice, and inservice testing requirements in Appendices III and IV in a standardized and comprehensive platform. Paper published with permission.
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Chan, James K., i John W. Ramsey. "Pressure Protection Evaluation Program at Savannah River Site". W ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2039.
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This paper describes the current pressure protection program at Savannah River Site (SRS), a Department of Energy chemical processing and nuclear material handling facility in Aiken, South Carolina. It gives a brief description of the design requirements based on ASME, API, CGA, and ASHRAE Codes. Equipment and systems requiring pressure protection at SRS are primarily pressure vessels, steam stations, process chemical systems, refrigerant and cryogenic systems and other air or gas systems. It is understood that any pressure protection program is built on five fundamental areas of responsibility: procurement, verification, registration, inspection, and repair. This paper focuses on the existing process of facility pressure protection evaluation for code compliance followed by identification of failure scenarios and system design requirements, valve selection and sizing, and verification record generation. Improvements to this process are recognized and discussed. They include the development of a computer program to perform pressure protection evaluation and generate verification records. The software would process all applicable pressure protection calculations using improved methodologies. All relevant data required would be accessible within the program. Pressure safety relief device attributes and system parameters would be displayed. The computer program would enhance design consistency, improve quality and plant safety, and make the pressure protection verification process more efficient and cost effective.
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Tahara, Takayasu, Yoshiharu Shimura i Minoru Niimura. "3D Measurement and FFS Assessment for LTA in Pressure Equipment According to WES2820:2015". W ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63912.
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The corrosion of pressure equipment such as corrosion under insulation, CUI, is the most common problem in refinery and petrochemical plants in recent years. Fitness-For-Service, FFS, assessment technologies for pressure equipment have been studied in recent 15 years, and standardization of a FFS assessment procedure for local thin area, LTA, has been expected by maintenance engineers of process industries. Based on the verification using extensive burst tests and FEM analysis of LTA, the Japan Welding Engineering Society, JWES, developed new FFS standard WES2820 in June 2015.[1] This paper presents high lights of WES2820 and a FFS assessment system consisted with 3D optical measurement method and FFS software for LTA in pressure equipment as a new tool for effective inspection and reliable maintenance activities.
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Duan, Xinjian, Min Wang i Michael J. Kozluk. "Benchmarking PRAISE-CANDU 1.0 With NURBIM Project Fatigue Cases". W ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97785.
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A probabilistic fracture mechanics code, PRAISE-CANDU 1.0, has been developed under a software quality assurance program in full compliance with Canadian Standards Association (CSA) N286.7-99, and was initially released in June 2012. Extensive verification and validation has been performed on PRAISE-CANDU 1.0 for the purpose of software quality assurance. This paper presents the fatigue benchmarking against NURBIM (NUclear Risk Based Inspection Methodology for passive components) fatigue cases between PRAISE-CANDU 1.0 and six other Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics (PFM) codes. This benchmarking is considered to be an important element of the validation of PRAISE-CANDU. Excellent agreement is observed in spite of the differences between the codes. The comparison of the predicted leak probability at the 40th year shows that PRAISE-CANDU not only captures the same trend but also bounds (higher predicted failure probability) the majority of the NURBIM results. In addition to the leak probability, the rupture probability and uncertainty analysis, which were not reported in the NURBIM Project, are also calculated with PRAISE-CANDU and presented.
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Pai, Shantaram S., i David S. Riha. "Model Verification and Validation Concepts for a Probabilistic Fracture Assessment Model to Predict Cracking of Knife Edge Seals in the Space Shuttle Main Engine High Pressure Oxidizer". W ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-70132.
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Physics-based models are routinely used to predict the performance of engineered systems to make decisions such as when to retire system components, how to extend the life of an aging system, or if a new design will be safe or available. Model verification and validation (V&V) is a process to establish credibility in model predictions. Ideally, carefully controlled validation experiments will be designed and performed to validate models or submodels. In reality, time and cost constraints limit experiments and even model development. This paper describes elements of model V&V during the development and application of a probabilistic fracture assessment model to predict cracking in space shuttle main engine high-pressure oxidizer turbopump knife-edge seals. The objective of this effort was to assess the probability of initiating and growing a crack to a specified failure length in specific flight units for different usage and inspection scenarios. The probabilistic fracture assessment model developed in this investigation combined a series of submodels describing the usage, temperature history, flutter tendencies, tooth stresses and numbers of cycles, fatigue cracking, nondestructive inspection, and finally the probability of failure. The analysis accounted for unit-to-unit variations in temperature, flutter limit state, flutter stress magnitude, and fatigue life properties. The investigation focused on the calculation of relative risk rather than absolute risk between the usage scenarios. Verification predictions were first performed for three units with known usage and cracking histories to establish credibility in the model predictions. Then, numerous predictions were performed for an assortment of operating units that had flown recently or that were projected for future flights. Calculations were performed using two NASA-developed software tools: NESSUS® for the probabilistic analysis, and NASGRO® for the fracture mechanics analysis. The goal of these predictions was to provide additional information to guide decisions on the potential of reusing existing and installed units prior to the new design certification.
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Yeap, Wei Jian, Qi Zheng Lee, Anie Jelie, Nurfatin Adibah M Habib, Sulaiman Sidek, Zulkifli M Zin, Hazrina Abdul Rahman i in. "Pioneering Application of Plasma Spray Coatings to Improve the Erosion Resistance of Rod Based Wedge Wire Screen". W SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210377-ms.
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Abstract Managing sand production has been a common problem and one of the most difficult challenges within the oil and gas industry. Various techniques are available to control sand production such as downhole sand screens. More than half of the wells in Malaysian fields are completed with downhole primary sand control or require sand management throughout their lifetime. To further aggravate the issue, most primary sand controls installed have suffered from failure after an extended period of production due to unacceptable high pressure drop in the near wellbore area which causes the screen to lose the ability to retain the formation sand particles. There are four (4) common mechanisms that can lead to the screen failure which include plugging, corrosion, erosion, and mechanical deformation. Erosion occurs when the formation particles hit the screen surface with high velocity or by continuous production through the screen openings. Operators are often compelled to rely on thru-tubing metallic sand screen to reactivate the idle wells back into production. However, most metallic sand screens suffer from sustainability issue due to excessive erosion especially for gas wells. Most operators have shifted their focus to maximize the screen lifetime against erosion, which consequently leads to the development of a novel sand screen design where an inventive coating consists of ceramic or hard metal amalgamation was applied by plasma spraying technique on the screen (i.e., outside surfaces facing the formation) to reinforce its resistance against severe erosive environment. An extensive development and verification program was conducted to select over 50 possible coating combinations, guarantee predefined slot size, assess corrosion resistance, and ascertain mechanical integrity of both the coating and screen. The technology has been considered and applied in Field A, offshore Borneo Island as remedial sand control due to its superior durability and resistance compared to metallic sand screen. Extensive technology hunting had been conducted by the operator to identify new erosion resistant thru-tubing sand screen for gas well application. As part of the overall project requirement, test facility was built by the Service Partners that consists of a flow loop testing designed to simulate accelerated erosive downhole condition with the combination of high flowrate and volume-controlled particle coalesced into an acceleration tube. The screens were tested for 60 hours at maximum velocity of 18 m/s during liquid erosion test and for 48 hours at maximum velocity of 80 m/s during gas erosion test. Rigorous analysis was conducted focusing on among others optical criteria, mass loss and sand retention tests (SRT) before and after the erosion test to verify the functionality and validate its performance prediction prior to the actual field application. Velocity calculation was also conducted using in-house and commercial software to adjudicate the design limit, to set the target gas rate for the pilot wells and establish the well unloading procedure as guidance for offshore personnel. Pilot field trials have been designed to demonstrate screen installation, risk mitigation and sustained production. Dual-pot sand filter (DPSF) and online sand sampler (OSS) was deployed as additional assurances to safeguard topside integrity, to closely monitor the sand production at surface and collect any sand grains larger than the screen slot sizing throughout the well unloading sequence. Close inspection on both erosion tests indicated no significant wear or slot size widening of the coated screen samples as compared to the uncoated screen samples that show severe erosion with slot size increases more than doubled in some places. The coated screen samples show the equivalent sand retention capabilities before and after the erosion tests, while the uncoated screen sample subjected under the same conditions lost its ability to retain sand. During field trial, the screen was successfully installed using nipples plug via slickline to revive the idle wells back to production at a lower total cost without HSE related issue and production gain beyond the initial target. Actual field results supported by the extensive laboratory testing presented herein, demonstrate the inherent benefit of plasma spray coatings ensuring mechanical integrity and durability of sand screen in highly erosive environment. Teardown analysis will be conducted to investigate the performance prediction, authenticate erosion resistance of the sand screen bottomhole assemblies (BHA) and document the findings for future improvement.