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Blomqvist, Anneli. "Millimeter Wave Radar as Navigation Sensor on Robotic Vacuum Cleaner". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-288146.
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Does millimeter-wave radar have the potential to be the navigational instrument of a robotic vacuum cleaner in a home? Electrolux robotic vacuum cleaner is currently using a light sensor to navigate through the home while cleaning. Recently Texas Instruments released a new mmWave radar sensor, operating in the frequency range 60-64 GHz. This study aims to answer if the mmWave radar sensor is useful for indoor navigation. The study tests the sensor on accuracy and resolution of angles and distances in ranges relevant to indoor navigation. It tests if various objects made out of plastic, fabric, paper, metal, and wood are detectable by the sensor. At last, it tests what the sensor can see when it is moving while measuring. The radar sensor can localize the robot, but the ability to detect objects around the robot is limited. The sensor’s absolute accuracy is within 3° for the majority of angles and around 1dm for most distances above 0.5 m. The resolution for a displacement of one object is 1°, respectively 5 cm, and two objects must be located at least 14° or 15 cm apart from each other to be recognized. Future tasks include removing noise due to antenna coupling to improve reflections from within 0.5 meter and figure out the best way to move around the sensor to improve the resolution.Har radar med millimetervågor förutsättningar att vara navigationsutrustning för en robotdammsugare i ett hem? Electrolux robotdammsugare använder för närvarande en ljussensor för att navigera genom hemmet medan den städar. Nyligen släppte Texas Instruments en ny radarsensor med vågor i frekvensområdet 60-64 GHz. Denna studie syftar till att svara om radarsensorn är användbar för inomhusnavigering. Studien testar sensorn med avseende på noggrannhet och upplösning av vinklar och avstånd i områden som är relevanta för inomhusnavigering. Den testar om olika föremål tillverkade av plast, tyg, papper, metall och trä kan detekteras av sensorn. Slutligen testas vad sensorn kan se om den rör sig medan den mäter. Radarsensorn kan positionera roboten, men hinderdetektering omkring roboten är begränsad. För det mesta ligger sensorns absoluta noggrannhet inom 3° för vinklar och omkring 1dm för avstånd över 0,5 m. Upplösningen för en förflyttning av ett objekt är 1° respektive 5 cm, och två objekt måste placeras minst 14° eller 15 cm ifrån varandra för att båda kunna upptäckas. Kommande utmaningar är att ta bort antennstörningar som ger sämre reflektioner inom 0,5 meter och ta reda på det bästa sättet att förflytta sensorn för att förbättra upplösningen.
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Antelius, Mikael. "Wafer-scale Vacuum and Liquid Packaging Concepts for an Optical Thin-film Gas Sensor". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mikro- och nanosystemteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-119839.
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This thesis treats the development of packaging and integration methods for the cost-efficient encapsulation and packaging of microelectromechanical (MEMS) devices. The packaging of MEMS devices is often more costly than the device itself, partly because the packaging can be crucial for the performance of the device. For devices which contain liquids or needs to be enclosed in a vacuum, the packaging can account for up to 80% of the total cost of the device. The first part of this thesis presents the integration scheme for an optical dye thin film NO2-gas sensor, designed using cost-efficient implementations of wafer-scale methods. This work includes design and fabrication of photonic subcomponents in addition to the main effort of integration and packaging of the dye-film. A specific proof of concept target was for NO2 monitoring in a car tunnel. The second part of this thesis deals with the wafer-scale packaging methods developed for the sensing device. The developed packaging method, based on low-temperature plastic deformation of gold sealing structures, is further demonstrated as a generic method for other hermetic liquid and vacuum packaging applications. In the developed packaging methods, the mechanically squeezed gold sealing material is both electroplated microstruc- tures and wire bonded stud bumps. The electroplated rings act like a more hermetic version of rubber sealing rings while compressed in conjunction with a cavity forming wafer bonding process. The stud bump sealing processes is on the other hand applied on completed cavities with narrow access ports, to seal either a vacuum or liquid inside the cavities at room temperature. Additionally, the resulting hermeticity of primarily the vacuum sealing methods is thoroughly investigated. Two of the sealing methods presented require permanent mechanical fixation in order to complete the packaging process. Two solutions to this problem are presented in this thesis. First, a more traditional wafer bonding method using tin-soldering is demonstrated. Second, a novel full-wafer epoxy underfill-process using a microfluidic distribution network is demonstrated using a room temperature process.QC 20130325
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Domenegueti, José Francisco Miras. "Sensor de umidade e vácuo baseado na reflexão interna". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-09092014-113655/.
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No presente trabalho propomos a utilização de uma técnica refratométrica baseada na determinação do ângulo crítico para o desenvolvimento de um sensor de umidade relativa e, no mesmo escopo de aplicação, um medidor de vácuo primário. A técnica proposta tira vantagem da diferença de fase adquirida pelas componentes paralela e perpendicular de um feixe luminoso, linearmente polarizado, passando por reflexão interna, para produzir um laser de HeNe sintonizável, um polarizador, um prisma semicilíndrico de índice de refração conhecido fabricado em vidro tipo flint, um analisador, um mínimo de intensidade, facilmente detectável no perfil refletido correspondendo à posição do ângulo crítico. Desenvolvemos um estudo acerca dos principais aspectos teóricos envolvidos no fenômeno da reflexão total interna, onde realizamos algumas simulações buscando avaliar as variações da posição angular do ângulo crítico a partir de alterações no índice de refração. A montagem básica utilizada nos experimentos consiste de um CCD linear e de um computador, onde as informações coletadas pelo CCD foram tratadas por meio de um programa de aquisição de dados desenvolvido na plataforma LabVIEWTM. O programa empregado permite o acompanhamento das variações do perfil refletido da base do prisma ponto a ponto, ou seja, é possível acompanhar toda a dinâmica de evolução do índice de refração da amostra analisada em tempo real. Para confirmação da efetividade da técnica, realizamos medidas da variação do índice de refração de amostras gasosas em função da umidade relativa e da pressão. O sistema demonstrou sensibilidade suficiente para acompanhar mudanças da ordem de 10-5em unidades do índice de refração.In the present work we propose the use of a refractometric technique based on the determination of the critical angle for the development of a relative humidity sensor and, in the same application scope, a primary vacuum gauge. The proposed technique takes advantage of the phase difference acquired by the parallel and perpendicular components of a, linearly polarized, light beam undergoing internal reflection, to produce an easily detectable intensity minimum in the reflected profile corresponding to the position of the critical angle. We develop a study about the main theoretical aspects involved in the total internal reflection phenomenon, where we perform some simulations aiming to evaluate the variations of the critical angle angular position from changes on the refractive index. The basic set up used in the experiments consist of a HeNe tunable laser, a polarizer, a semi-cylindrical prism with known refractive index made of flint glass type, a analyzer, a linear CCD and a computer, where the information collected by de CCD were treated by means of a data acquisition program developed on the LabVIEWTM platform. The used program allows the point-by-point monitoring of the changes of the profile reflected from the prism base, in other words, one can monitor all the evolution dynamics of the refractive index of the analyzed sample in real time. To confirm the effectiveness of the technique, we perform measurements of changes of the refractive index of gaseous samples as function of the relative humidity and the pressure. The system has shown enough sensitivity to track changes of the order of 10-5 in units of the index of refraction.
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Beermann, Rüdiger [Verfasser]. "Structured Light Sensor with Affine Stereo Camera Pair for Geometry Measurements of High-Temperature Components in Rough Vacuum / Rüdiger Beermann". Garbsen : TEWISS - Technik und Wissen GmbH, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229012583/34.
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Schäfer-Nolte, Eike Oliver [Verfasser], i Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Wrachtrup. "Development of a diamond-based scanning probe spin sensor operating at low temperature in ultra high vacuum / Eike Oliver Schäfer-Nolte. Betreuer: Jörg Wrachtrup". Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052894151/34.
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Ricci, Francesco 1987. "Levitodynamics toward force nano-sensors in vacuum". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666188.
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Levitodynamics addresses the levitation and manipulation of micro- and nanoresonators with the purpose of studying their dynamics. This emerging field has attracted much attention over the last few years owing to unprecedented performances in terms of mechanical quality factors, cooling rates at room temperature, and ultra-high force sensitivities. In this thesis, I establish the use of an optically levitated and electrically driven charged silica nanoparticle as a promising and reliable force sensor in vacuum. The first two experiments discussed in this work seek a deeper knowledge and a higher control of the levitated system. Firstly, I suggest and demonstrate a novel protocol to measure the mass of the particle up to 2% accuracy using its electrically driven motion. This method improves by more than one order of magnitude the state-of-the-art mass measurements in standard optical tweezers schemes. Then, leveraging on these results, a second experiment is performed to address important open issues regarding the morphology of the nanoparticles used, with particular interest in their surface chemistry and in the understanding of mass-losses due to water desorption from the silica spheres. Finally, backed up by extensive theoretical background in nonlinear mechanical oscillators, I investigate the stochastic bistable dynamics of a parametrically driven nanoresonator in the nonlinear regime, discussing the potential of noise-activated stochastic switching and stochastic resonance as unconventional force detection schemes.La levitodinámica estudia la manipulación de micro y nanorresonadores en levitación con el objetivo de controlar su dinámica. Este nuevo campo ha atraído mucha atención en los últimos años gracias a sus prestaciones sin precedentes en términos de factores de calidad mecánica, posibilidad de enfriamiento del centro de masas a temperatura ambiente y altas sensibilidades en la detección de fuerzas. En esta tesis, establezco un sensor de fuerza basado en el uso de una nanopartícula de sílice levitada ópticamente en el vacío que, gracias a su carga, puede ser accionada mediante campos eléctricos. Los dos primeros experimentos discutidos en este trabajo intentan conseguir un conocimiento más profundo y un mayor control del sistema levitado. En primer lugar, se propone y demuestra un nuevo protocolo para la medida de la masa de la partícula en levitación con una precisión del 2% basado en el estudio de la dinámica forzada cuando la partícula es accionada eléctricamente. Este método mejora en más de un orden de magnitud las mediciones de la masa de la partícula en plataformas de pinzas ópticas estándar. Aprovechando este desarrollo, se realiza un segundo experimento para estudiar importantes problemas relacionados con las propiedades físicas y químicas de las nanopartículas utilizadas, con especial interés en su química superficial y en la comprensión de las pérdidas de masa onbservadas debidas a la desorción de agua de las esferas de sílice. Finalmente, gracias a una amplia base teórica en osciladores mecánicos no lineales, investigo la dinámica estocástica biestable de un nanoresonador accionado paramétricamente en el régimen no lineal, discutiendo el potencial de las transiciones estocásticas activadas por ruido externo y la resonancia estocástica como esquemas de detección de fuerza no convencionales.
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Torunbalci, Mert Mustafa. "Wafer Level Vacuum Packaging Of Mems Sensors And Resonators". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613015/index.pdf.
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This thesis presents the development of wafer level vacuum packaging processes using Au-Si eutectic and glass frit bonding contributing to the improvement of packaging concepts for a variety of MEMS devices. In the first phase of this research, micromachined resonators and pirani vacuum gauges are designed for the evaluation of the vacuum package performance. These designs are verified using MATLAB and Coventorware finite element modeling tool. Designed resonators and pirani vacuum gauges and previously developed gyroscopes with lateral feedthroughs are fabricated with a newly developed Silicon-On-Glass (SOG) process. In addition to these, a process for the fabrication of similar devices with vertical feedthroughs is initiated for achieving simplified packaging process and lower parasitic capacitances. Cap wafers for both types of devices with lateral and vertical feedthroughs are designed and fabricated. The optimization of Au-Si eutectic bonding is carried out on both planar and non-planar surfaces. The bonding quality is evaluated using the deflection test, which is based on the deflection of a thinned diaphragm due to the pressure difference between inside and outside the package. A 100% yield bonding on planar surfaces is achieved at 390ºC with a v holding time and bond force of 60 min and 1500 N, respectively. On the other hand, bonding on surfaces where 0.15&mu
m feedthrough lines exist can be done at 420º
C with a 100% yield using same holding time and bond force. Furthermore, glass frit bonding on glass wafers with lateral feedthroughs is performed at temperatures between 435-450º
C using different holding periods and bond forces. The yield is varied from %33 to %99.4 depending on the process parameters. The fabricated devices are wafer level vacuum packaged using the optimized glass frit and Au-Si eutectic bonding recipes. The performances of wafer level packages are evaluated using the integrated gyroscopes, resonators, and pirani vacuum gauges. Pressures ranging from 10 mTorr to 60 mTorr and 0.1 Torr to 0.7 Torr are observed in the glass frit packages, satisfying the requirements of various MEMS devices in the literature. It is also optically verified that Au-Si eutectic packages result in vacuum cavities, and further study is needed to quantify the vacuum level with vacuum sensors based on the resonating structures and pirani vacuum gauges.
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Bergman, Joel, i Johan Lind. "Robot Vacuum cleaner". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264502.
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Although a robot vacuum cleaner is a well-known product, development is still interesting. Better working sensors and more sophisticated algorithms and sensors are used in new cleaners. The purpose with this thesis was to learn more about different sensors, algorithms, and designs of robot vacuum cleaners, to try ideas and to find improvements to implement on the demonstrator. The initial work was to make a market investigation to find customer needs and expectations. Also making a rough design and layout for the mechanical and electrical system. The budget for the demonstrator was 1000 SEK. Using laser cut plastic sheets, 3D printed parts, and receiving motors for free, costs did not exceed budget. Literature and theses in the area of interest were studied to find answers to some of the research questions. The theses studied subjects such as driving pattern and designs to find back to charge station. Some ideas for driving patterns were implemented on a demonstrator. The development method used was iteration of finding useful information, testing components, codes and also the complete demonstrator. The components used were DC motor, stepper motors, ultrasonic sensors, Arduino mega micro controller, switches and AA batteries. The different components required different voltage and the stepper motors used driver cards.Även om robot dammsugare är en välkänd produkt är produktutveckling fortfarande intressant. Bättre sensorer och mer sofistikerade algoritmer och sensorer används i dammsugare. Syftet med denna avhandling var att lära sig mer om olika dammsugare, algoritmer och konstruktioner av robot dammsugare, för att prova idéer och möjliga hitta förbättringar att implementera på demonstranten. Det första arbetet var att göra en marknadsundersökning för att hitta kundens behov och förväntningar. Även att göra en grov design och layout för det mekaniska och elektriska systemet. Budgeteringen för demonstranten var 1000 kr. Kostnaderna översteg inte budgeten eftersom vi använde oss av laser skurna plastplattor, 3D-printade delar och erhöll motorer utan kostnad. Sex olika avhandlingar studerades för att hitta svar på några av frågorna. Avhandlingarna studerade ämnen som körmönster och mönster för att hitta tillbaka till laddstationen. Vissa idéer för körmönster implementerades på demonstranten. Den använda utvecklingsmetoden var iteration av att hitta användbar information, testa komponenter, koder och även den fullständiga demonstranten. De komponenter som användes var likströmsmotor, stegmotorer, ultraljudssensorer, Arduino mega-mikrokontroller, strömbrytare och AA-batterier. De olika komponenterna krävde olika spänningar och stegmotorn använder ett specifikt drivkort.
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Stevens, Amy Victoria. "Novel solid electrolyte sensors for the selective detection of hydrocarbons in vacuum". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608728.
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Silva, Elisabeth Mary Cunha da. "Chemical and sensory investigations on the processing and preservation of a lamb product". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324852.
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Iborra, Bernad María del Consuelo. "Comparison of vacuum treatments and traditional cooking in vegetables using instrumental and sensory analysis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/32953.
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Los objetivos de la presente tesis fueron comparar el efecto de tres técnicas de cocción en
varios vegetales y su selección para cada producto estudiado. Para ello, los trabajos realizados
han considerado los cambios en las propiedades físico-químicas, nutricionales, sensoriales y la
microestructura. Asimismo, como respuesta al reto de aplicar tratamientos equivalentes en
firmeza con diferentes técnicas de cocción se ha propuesto una metodología que combina los
diseños experimentales de superficie respuesta (RSM) con análisis instrumentales y
sensoriales.
Los tratamientos térmicos estudiados fueron la cocción tradicional (TC¿ agua hirviendo a 100
°C) junto con dos tratamientos que utilizan el vacío en el procesado: el cook-vide (CV¿ cocción
a vacío continuo donde los alimentos están en contacto con agua hirviendo a baja presión) y el
sous-vide (SV¿ cocción de alimentos previamente embolsados a vacío donde el alimento está
separado del agua de cocción). Los vegetales objeto de estudio fueron la patata morada
(Solanum tuberosum L. var. Vitelotte), la judía verde (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Estefania), la
zanahoria (Daucus carota L. cv. Nantesa) y la col lombarda (o repollo colorado) (Brassica
oleracea convar. capitata var. capitata f. rubra).
Considerando muestras con firmeza instrumental similar y las propiedades nutricionales y
sensoriales (especialmente aroma y sabor), incluyendo la aceptación del consumidor, se
recomienda la cocción SV para los vegetales estudiados, excepto para la zanahoria. En el caso
de este vegetal el cocinado tradicional (100 °C) mantiene la aceptabilidad del consumidor y
aumenta la extracción de los ß-carotenos por lo que se considera más recomendable que el
SV.Iborra Bernad, MDC. (2013). Comparison of vacuum treatments and traditional cooking in vegetables using instrumental and sensory analysis [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/32953
TESIS
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Matějů, Jan. "Řídicí jednotka pro robotický vysavač". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219701.
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This paper is in introduction focused on review of robotic vacuum cleaning and evaluation of available products qualities. However the main focus of this paper is system design of all subsystems, control systems and PCD design of robot electronics. In this paper is also described a method for evaluating approximate distance of robot from the obstacle. There are also described problems of system design of IR proximity sensors. The last part of this work is development of control software for robot and its testing.
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Dürndorfer, Mario [Verfasser]. "Thermal Micro Sensors for Pressure Measurements in the High, Fine and Rough Vacuum Ranges / Mario Dürndorfer". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140977679/34.
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Gallo, Antonio. "Magnetic field sensors suitable for high temperature and vacuum operations and for remote handling in harsh environment". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427514.
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In the context of the alternative technologies for energy production, nuclear fusion is the most promising in order to reduce global dependence on fossil fuels such as oil and coal. Fusion research aims at developing a new energy source in the medium term and it should be engineered in the second half of this century, coming alongside the current technologies.
Research on tokamak such as JET and ITER (DEMO in the future), based on the plasma confinement through the use of magnetic fields, is at present the most promising and should provide important results in the coming two decades.
In this context magnetic diagnostics are of great importance, providing key information on the confinement of high temperature plasma and allowing an active control on the position and shape of the plasma itself.
This work deals with the design, development and production of magnetic sensors, suitable for operation in hostile environments such as the ITER vacuum vessel. These sensors are designed to withstand high temperatures and intense neutron irradiation and have to be installed behind the plasma first wall, in contact to the vessel. These sensors have been built in order to measure magnetic fields having a frequency between 50Hz and 10 kHz.
This work is structured as follows:
• Chapter 1 provides an overview of the energy problem and describes the theoretical basis of nuclear fusion
• Chapter 2 introduces the importance of the magnetic diagnostic in the thermonuclear fusion research and lists the sensors used in existing machines (JET, RFX-mod, JT60), with a focus on the issues related to ITER
• Chapter 3 describes the development and construction of a new type of sensor built using the LTCC technology. This chapter lists the tests and the micrographic analysis carried out upon these new sensors
• Chapter 4 describes the development and construction of a new sensor formed by a copper wire with fiberglass insulation (called POZh) wound on a metallic reel
• Chapter 5 describes the design of the platform necessary to support these sensors (LTCC/POZh) within the ITER vacuum vesselNell’ambito delle tecnologie alternative per la produzione di energia la fusione termonucleare controllata appare la più promettente allo scopo di diminuire la dipendenza mondiale dai combustibili fossili quali il petrolio e il carbone. La ricerca sulla fusione mira allo sviluppo di una nuova fonte energetica nel medio termine e dovrebbe trovare ingegnerizzazione nella seconda metà di questo secolo, affiancando le attuali tecnologie. La ricerca sui tokamak quali JET e ITER e il futuro DEMO, basata sul confinamento del plasma attraverso l’utilizzo di campi magnetici, appare allo stato attuale la più promettente e dovrebbe fornire risultati importanti già nei prossimi due decenni. Nell’ambito della fusione termonucleare controllata grande importanza rivestono le diagnostiche magnetiche, che forniscono informazioni fondamentali sullo stato del plasma e permettono un controllo attivo sulla posizione e la forma dello stesso. Questa tesi si occupa dell’ideazione, sviluppo e produzione di due nuove tipologie di sensori magnetici, adatti al funzionamento in ambienti ostili quali l’interno della camera da vuoto (vessel) di ITER. Tali sensori sono stati ideati per resistere ad alte temperature e ad intensi bombardamenti neutronici e dovranno essere installati dietro la prima parete del vessel, a contatto dello stesso. Si tratta di sensori per campi magnetici aventi una frequenza compresa tra 0.001Hz e 10kHz. La tesi è così strutturata: • Il capitolo 1 fornisce una visione di massima sul problema energetico e descrive i rudimenti teorici della fusione nucleare • Il capitolo 2 introduce il problema delle diagnostiche magnetiche elencando i tipi di sensori utilizzati in macchine esistenti (JET, RFX-mod, JT60), con un approfondimento delle problematiche relative ad ITER • Il capitolo 3 descrive lo sviluppo e la produzione di diversi set di sensori costruiti utilizzando la tecnologia LTCC. Tale capitolo elenca i test e le analisi micrografiche effettuate • Il capitolo 4 descrive lo sviluppo e la costruzione di una serie di sensori costruiti mediante la tecnologia del cavo avvolto usando cavi in rame con isolamento in fibra di vetro denominati POZh • Il capitolo 5 descrive il progetto di una struttura necessaria al supporto di tali sensori (LTCC/POZh) all’interno del vessel di ITER
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Kousourakis, Asimenia, i asimeniak@hotmail com. "Mechanical Properties and Damage Tolerance of Aerospace Composite Materials Containing CVM Sensors". RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090506.095922.
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The PhD thesis evaluates the mechanical properties and damage tolerance of aerospace carbon/epoxy laminates containing long, narrow interlaminar galleries. The term 'galleries' refers to thin and long holes in a laminate used for the installation of small measuring devices, such as structural health monitoring (SHM) sensors. The galleries considered in this study are similar to those used in a novel SHM system known as 'Comparative Vacuum Monitoring (CVM)'. CVM was developed by the Australian company - Structural Monitoring Systems (SMS) - for damage detection in aircraft structures. CVM is a SHM system that utilises pressure differentials between a parallel series of galleries at atmospheric or low pressure to detect damage initiation and propagation. Thus far, CVM has been used for the monitoring of surface cracks in metallic structures using surface mounted sensors. Recent research has also demonstrated that it may be possible to monitor damage along the bond- line of both metallic and composite joints using CVM. The ability of CVM sensors to detect delamination damage inside composite structures is less well understood. It is envisaged that CVM can be used for the through-life health monitoring of composite aircraft structures prone to delamination damage. However, a major concern with applying CVM to composite laminates is the open-hole design of the galleries that may initiate damage growth under external loading. Material property data, structural tests, and models for predicting the properties of laminates containing galleries is needed before CVM technology can be certified for use in aircraft composite structures. The primary objectives of this PhD thesis are the development of an optimum process method for introducing multiple interlaminar CVM galleries in composite laminates; the development of a validated model for calculating changes to the mechanical properties of laminates containing CVM galleries; and the determination of optimum CVM gallery shape, size and orientation combinations for minimising the effect of the galleries on the mechanical properties of laminates. The effects of the shape, size and orientation of CVM galleries on the mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy laminates are evaluated by an extensive experimental research program, and the results are presented in the thesis. The properties investigated include the in-plane tensile and compressive properties, tensile and compressive fatigue life, through-thickness tensile strength, interlaminar shear strength, mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness, and impact damage resistance. The results from tensile tests on lap-joints and T-joints containing CVM galleries are also presented.
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Uppalapati, Balaadithya. "Design and Analysis of Wafer-Level Vacuum-Encapsulated Disk Resonator Gyroscope Using a Commercial MEMS Process". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1510764485530995.
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Scatolini-Silva, Aline Mary [UNESP]. "Características físicas e químicas, sensoriais e microbiológicas de ovos armazenados em diferentes condições de embalagens sob temperatura ambiente". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104922.
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Foram realizados 3 experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar as características físicas e químicas, sensoriais e microbiológicas de ovos de casca branca e vermelha, higienizados ou não, e armazenados em diferentes condições de embalagens sob temperatura ambiente. 1.800 ovos de casca branca e 1.800 de casca vermelha foram embalados em três condições de embalagens (filme PVC, vácuo parcial e vácuo parcial com sachês sequestrantes de O2) e armazenados durante quatro períodos (7, 14, 21 e 28 dias). Exceto para as análises microbiológicas de quantificação de bolores e leveduras na casca dos ovos, foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x2x4+1 (condições de embalagem, higienização ou não, e períodos de armazenamento + testemunha - ovos frescos), com 4 repetições. As médias obtidas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 % de significância. Concluiuse que a qualidade interna dos ovos decresce com o tempo de estocagem de forma mais acentuada nos ovos embalados em filme plástico, já que a condição de vácuo preservou algumas características dos mesmos. E com a higienização, as condições de armazenamento dos ovos em filme de PVC devem ser melhoradas, pois a queda da qualidade interna destes foi a mais afetada. Na análise sensorial, os ovos embalados em filme de PVC foram os que mostraram melhores aceitações em todos os atributos avaliados, independente de terem sido higienizados ou não. Ovos embalados em condição de vácuo com sachê sequestrante de gás oxigênio em relação à contaminação microbiana de suas cascas foram semelhantes aos ovos embalados em filme plástico, que é a forma comercialmente empregada
Three studies were conducted with the aim of evaluating the physical and chemical characteristics, sensory and microbiological of white and redshelled eggs, sanitized or not, stored under different packaging conditions at room temperature. 1.800 white shelled and 1.800 red shelled eggs were packed in three conditions of packaging (PVC film, partial vacuum and partial vacuum with gas sachets O2 absorbers) and stored for four periods (7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Except for microbiologically analysis of quantification of yeasts and molds in eggshell, it was used a completely randomized experimental design in a 3x2x4+1 factorial arrangement (three packaging conditions, sanitized or not, storage period, and control - fresh eggs), with four repetitions. The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance level. It can be concluded that the internal egg quality decreases with storage time sharper in the eggs packed in PVC film, because vacuum has preserved some features of them. With sanitation, the storage conditions of eggs in PVC film should be improved because its internal quality decrease was the most affected. At sensory analyzes the eggs packed in PVC film showed the best acceptances in all attributes, be sanitized or not. And on partial vacuum with oxygen gas absorbers condition had their shells with similar microbial contamination of eggs packaged in plastic film, which is the used commercially
18
Ford, Tara K. "Interaction of non-meat ingredients on sensory characteristics and chemical characteristics of pork loin chops during vacuum-packaged refrigerated storage". Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2687.
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Fresh, boneless, vacuum-packaged pork loins were obtained from a
commercial pork processor and used in a five-part study to examine the effects
of sodium chloride (0, .125, .375, .75, 1.50%), sodium phosphates (0, .1, .2, .3
and .4%), sodium lactate (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%), potassium lactate (0, 1, 2, 3 and
4%) and sodium diacetate (0, .05, .10, .15 and .20%) on the color, sensory
characteristics, package purge, water holding capacity, and pH of pork chops
stored in vacuum-packaging for 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The first experiment
examined the effects of sodium chloride and sodium phosphates (Brifisol 512,
polyphosphate blend) in the aforemented attributes. The second experiment
was designed like the first experiment except a different sodium phosphate
(Brifisol 85, polyphosphate and pyrophosphate blend) was used. In the third
experiment, sodium chloride was standardized at .75% and sodium phosphate
and sodium lactate differed. In the fourth experiment, sodium chloride was
standardized at .75% and sodium phosphate and potassium lactate differed. In
the fifth experiment, sodium chloride and potassium lactate were standardized at
.75% and 2%, respectively, and sodium phosphate and sodium diacetate
differed. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 indicated that pork chops should
contain .2% NaP + .75% NaCl to improve flavor, texture, and water holding
capacity over storage time. Based on results from Experiments 3 and 4, it is
recommended that pork chops contain approximately 2% NaL or KL + .2% NaP
to maintain positive sensory flavor, texture, color and minimize processed meatlike
bite, package purge, and cook loss over time. The combination of
approximately .1% NaDi + .2% NaP maximized desirable characteristics like
pork lean/brothy, juiciness, tenderness, and color; and minimized processed
meat-like bite when compared to the control chops in Experiment 5.
19
Guntupalli, Bhargav. "Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical and Colorimetric Sensors for On-Site Detection of Small-Molecule Targets". FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3488.
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An ideal biosensor is a compact and in-expensive device that is able to readily and rapidly detects different types of analytes with high sensitivity and specificity. The affectability of a biosensing methodology is subject to the limit of nanomaterials to transduce the target binding process to an improved perceptible signal, while the selectivity is accomplished by considering the binding and specificity of certain moieties to their targets. Keeping these requirements in mind we have chosen nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that has catalytic properties combined with their size, shape and configuration dependent chemical and physical properties as essential precursors and signaling components for creation of biosensors with tremendous sensitivity. The primary goal of the research work described in this dissertation is to develop and evaluate novel methods to detect various analytes using nanomaterials, at the same time making an affordable architecture for point-of-care (POC) applications. We report here in chapter 3 a simple and new strategy for preparing disposable, paper-based, porous AuNP/M-SWCNT hybrid thin gold films with high conductivity, rapid electron transfer rates, and excellent electrocatalytic properties to achieve multiple analyte electrochemical detection with a resolution that greatly exceeds that of purchased flat gold slides. We further explored the use of nanomaterial-based paper films in more complex matrices to detect analytes such as NADH, which can act as a biomarker for certain cellular redox imbalances and disease conditions. Carbon nanotubes with their large activated surfaces and edge-plane sites (defects) that are ideal for performing NADH oxidation at low potentials without any help of redox mediators minimizing surface fouling in complex matrices is described in chapter 4. With an instrument-free approach in mind we further focused on a colorimetric platform using split cocaine aptamers and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to detect cocaine for on-site applications as described in chapter 5. In chapter 5, the split aptamer sequences were evaluated mainly on three basic criteria, the hybridization efficiency, specificity towards the analyte (cocaine), and the reaction time to observe a distinguishable color change from red to blue. The assay is an enzyme-assisted target recycling (EATR) strategy following the principle that nuclease enzyme recognizes probe–target complexes, cleaving only the probe strand releasing the target for recycling. We have also studied the effect of the number of binding domains with variable chain lengths on either side of the apurinic (AP) site. On the basis of our results, we finally shortlisted the sequence combination with maximum signal enhancement fold which is instrumental in development of colorimetric platform with faster, and specific reaction to observe a distinctive color change in the presence of cocaine.
20
Scatolini-Silva, Aline Mary. "Características físicas e químicas, sensoriais e microbiológicas de ovos armazenados em diferentes condições de embalagens sob temperatura ambiente /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104922.
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Resumo: Foram realizados 3 experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar as características físicas e químicas, sensoriais e microbiológicas de ovos de casca branca e vermelha, higienizados ou não, e armazenados em diferentes condições de embalagens sob temperatura ambiente. 1.800 ovos de casca branca e 1.800 de casca vermelha foram embalados em três condições de embalagens (filme PVC, vácuo parcial e vácuo parcial com sachês sequestrantes de O2) e armazenados durante quatro períodos (7, 14, 21 e 28 dias). Exceto para as análises microbiológicas de quantificação de bolores e leveduras na casca dos ovos, foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x2x4+1 (condições de embalagem, higienização ou não, e períodos de armazenamento + testemunha - ovos frescos), com 4 repetições. As médias obtidas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 % de significância. Concluiuse que a qualidade interna dos ovos decresce com o tempo de estocagem de forma mais acentuada nos ovos embalados em filme plástico, já que a condição de vácuo preservou algumas características dos mesmos. E com a higienização, as condições de armazenamento dos ovos em filme de PVC devem ser melhoradas, pois a queda da qualidade interna destes foi a mais afetada. Na análise sensorial, os ovos embalados em filme de PVC foram os que mostraram melhores aceitações em todos os atributos avaliados, independente de terem sido higienizados ou não. Ovos embalados em condição de vácuo com sachê sequestrante de gás oxigênio em relação à contaminação microbiana de suas cascas foram semelhantes aos ovos embalados em filme plástico, que é a forma comercialmente empregadaAbstract: Three studies were conducted with the aim of evaluating the physical and chemical characteristics, sensory and microbiological of white and redshelled eggs, sanitized or not, stored under different packaging conditions at room temperature. 1.800 white shelled and 1.800 red shelled eggs were packed in three conditions of packaging (PVC film, partial vacuum and partial vacuum with gas sachets O2 absorbers) and stored for four periods (7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Except for microbiologically analysis of quantification of yeasts and molds in eggshell, it was used a completely randomized experimental design in a 3x2x4+1 factorial arrangement (three packaging conditions, sanitized or not, storage period, and control - fresh eggs), with four repetitions. The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance level. It can be concluded that the internal egg quality decreases with storage time sharper in the eggs packed in PVC film, because vacuum has preserved some features of them. With sanitation, the storage conditions of eggs in PVC film should be improved because its internal quality decrease was the most affected. At sensory analyzes the eggs packed in PVC film showed the best acceptances in all attributes, be sanitized or not. And on partial vacuum with oxygen gas absorbers condition had their shells with similar microbial contamination of eggs packaged in plastic film, which is the used commercially
Orientadora: Hirasilva Borba
Coorientadora: Luciana Miyagusku
Banca: Nadja Susana Mogyca Leandro
Banca: Raphael Lucio Andreatti Filho
Banca: Vera Maria Barbosa de Moraes
Banca: Maria Regina Barbieri de Carvalho
Doutor
21
Hofman, Jiří. "Testovací metody pro hodnocení radiačních efektů v přesných analogových a signálově smíšených obvodech pro aplikace v kosmické elektronice". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401588.
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The traditional radiation testing of space electronics has been used for more than fifty years to support the radiation hardness assurance. Its typical goal is to ensure reliable operation of the spacecraft in the harsh environment of space. This PhD research looks into the radiation testing from a different perspective; the goal is to develop radiation testing methods that are focused not only on the reliability of the components but also on a continuous radiation-induced degradation of their performance. Such data are crucial for the understanding of the impact of radiation on the measurement uncertainty of data acquisition systems onboard research space missions.
22
Firmino, Marcel Eduardo. "Construção de um sistema experimental para desaceleração de átomos". Universidade de São Paulo, 1991. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/54/54132/tde-19032009-103705/.
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Neste trabalho apresentamos a construção e teste de um sistema experimental que nos permite produzir um fluxo intenso de átomos lentos. Discutimos o desenho e construção do solenóide que compensa o efeito Doppler que surge durante o processo de desaceleração, as câmaras de vácuo, o forno que gera o feixe atômico e o sistema ótico utilizado. Estudamos a técnica de desaceleração de átomos pelo ajuste Zeeman. Uma nova técnica de observação que consiste no acompanhamento da fluorescência do feixe ao longo do caminho de desaceleração é usada, o que nos permite uma observação direta do processo.This work presents the development and test of an experimental set-up which allows to produce a very strong slow motion atomic beam. We discuss the calculation and construction of the solenoid to compensate the Doppler effect arising during the deceleration process, vacuum chambers, the oven which produces the atomic beam and the optical system used. We have studied the Zeeman-tuned technique to slow an atomic beam of sodium atoms. A new technique to study the deceleration which Consist in monitoring the fluorescence along the deceleration path is used, which allow us a direct observation of the process.
23
Müller, Jan. "Kondenzační technika a odvody spalin". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226844.
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This thesis is developed as a proposal for heating for a primary school and kindergarten in the region of Brno-countryside. For the insulated building, a combination of heating and air-conditioning is proposed. The concept is designed so that the air-conditioning preheats the exterior air and the heating system warms the incoming air to a comfortable temperature. For the required thermal performance, sources of heat (for gas and pellets) and a layout solution for the boiler room is designed. Drainage of combustion products is proposed for both solutions. The project solution is per the extent of the construction permit. The theoretical part is linked with the practical part through the condensation boilers, their function and division, and drainage of combustion products. The experiment for the given topic was conducted on the drainage of combustion products. The pressure loss of the reverse knob was determined in relation to the flow rate of air in the condensation boilers as this loss is essential in assessing the drainage of combustion products.
24
(10691970), Andrew Strongrich. "MEMS Wireless Sensor Networks for Spacecraft and Vacuum Technology". Thesis, 2021.
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Wireless sensor networks are highly integrated across numerous industries from industrial
manufacturing to personal health monitoring. They provide several key benefits over
traditional wired systems including positioning flexibility, modularity, interconnectivity, and
robust data routing schemes. However, their adoption into certain sectors such as vacuum
and aerospace has been slow due to tight regulation, data security concerns, and device
reliability.
Lyophilization is a desiccation technique used to stabilize sensitive food and drug products
using vacuum sublimation. A series of wireless devices based on the Pirani architecture are
developed to quantify the spatial variations in pressure and temperature throughout this
process. The data is coupled to computational fluid dynamics simulations to estimate the
sublimation rate over time. This information is then used to quantify the heat and mass
transfer characteristics of the product, allowing estimates of product temperature and mass
flux to be obtained for an arbitrary cycle. This capability is significant, having the ability
to accelerate process development and reduce manufacturing time.
Drying performance during lyophilization is highly sensitive to the dynamics of the freezing
process. This work therefore also develops a wireless network to monitor both gas
pressure and temperature throughout the controlled ice nucleation process, a technique used
to improve batch uniformity by inducing simultaneous and widespread ice nucleation via
adiabatic decompression. The effects of initial charge pressure, ballast composition, and vial
size are investigated. Experimental data is supported by numerical modeling to describe the
evolution of the true gas temperature during the discharge event.
Finally, The mechanisms governing the lyophilization process are directly applied to the
aerospace industry in the form of a novel milliNewton-class evaporation-based thruster concept.
The device was tested under vacuum using a torsional balance and demonstrated peak
thrust magnitudes on the order of 0.5 mN. A state observer model was then implemented
to decouple the dynamics of the balance with the time-dependent thrust input. With this
model the true time-dependent thrust output and corresponding thruster performance are
analyzed.
25
Jian, Jia-xian, i 簡嘉賢. "Fabrication and Measurement of CMOS MEMS-Based Thermoelectric Vacuum Sensor". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48574613951290320930.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
光電與通訊工程研究所
102
This paper presents the measurement and the fabrication of thermocouple vacuum sensors fabricated by a low cost CMOS process and MEMS technology. The thermocouple vacuum sensors have two types of suspended structures with different solid thermal conductance. The vacuum sensor with shorter supporting leads and larger solid conductance was named TP401 and the other one was TP402. Each suspended structure was formed by using <100> silicon anisotropic etching process after the CMOS process and has a polysilicon heater and an aluminum/polysilicon thermocouple pair. The polysilicon heater also serves as a thermistor temperature sensor. The performances of the sensors were characterized in this work. Furthermore, an AC electrical modulation method using a lock-in amplifier was adopted for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement of the sensors. The thermal conductance of TP401 and TP402 were evaluated as 73.83uW/K and 79.2uW/K according to the ratio of bias heating power to temperature difference between the hot junction and the cold junction of the thermocouple. The thermocouple output voltage was about 13mV as the power of heater was 2.5mW. The thermal time constants of these sensors were also figured out by adopting the measurement of infrared frequency response of the thermocouple vacuum sensors in air and in vacuum respectively. The measurement results show that the thermal time constants of TP402 were 15ms and 220ms at atmospheric pressure and in vacuum environment respectively. The pressure response measurement of the vacuum sensors using DC bias will result in an 8-10mV voltage fluctuation and lower the signal-to-noise ratio. The signal fluctuation could be improved to 0.3mV by using an AC electrical modulation.
26
Lin, Kuan-Yu, i 林冠宇. "Fabrication of a Vacuum Packaging Capacitive Sensor for Micro-Ring Gyroscope". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17195874904100597460.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
99
In this research, a micro-ring vibratory gyroscope with grid-like masses was fabricated on a (111) single-crystal silicon wafer by MEMS technology. The base and the electrode sensing layer of the gyroscope were fabricated with Corning Pyrex #7740 glasses. The gyroscope can be used to measure any object’s rotational information through differential motions between grid-like masses and the electrode sensing layer. The frequency-offset problem was solved by using (111) silicon to fabricate the gyroscope. However, due to the high density of atomic arrangement in (111) silicon, fabricating processes were difficult. The ICP was used to fabricate the main part of the gyroscope and ring oscillator. The anodic bonging process was used to bond (111) silicon and glasses. The SiOG process was used for the gyroscope packaging process. To ensure the internal part of gyroscope was in vacuum, the SiOG process must be done under vacuum environment. With such procedure, interferences between air resistances and ring oscillator’s motions can be avoided, and the sensitivity of the gyroscope can be enhanced.
27
Lin, Che-Yu, i 林哲宇. "Development of clamped-clamped beam type piezoelectric sensor for vacuum pressure measurement". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45619720375140636940.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
100
In this thesis, a clamped-clamped beam type piezoelectric vacuum pressure sensor was developed. The piezoelectric beam fixed at both ends consists of a PZT layer perfectly bonded to the copper substrate. The dimensions of the PZT layers and copper substrate are both 20mm × 5mm × 200μm. Two pairs of electrodes cover the surfaces of the PZT at the bottom and top layers near both ends. Input voltage was applied at one pair of electrodes to vibrate piezoelectric beam and output voltage was measured at the other pair of electrodes. Experimental results showed that developed pressure sensor has a wide range from 6.5×10-6 to 760Torr. Output voltage generated by vibrations of beams which were varied by viscous gas damping forces acting on the beams in the vacuum. Damping forces can be calculated from damping ratio by half power method experimentally. Damping ratio of sensor includes the effect of strain rate damping and viscous gas damping. The strain rate damping is assumed to be proportional to the bonding stiffness of beam and gas damping is assumed to be changed by the pressure. Experimental results showed that output voltages of sensors were proportional to gas damping ratio. It indicated vacuum pressures can be estimated from output voltage. Vacuum pressures of nitrogen and argon are also compared. Experimental results showed that the gas damping ratio of argon is greater than the damping ratio of nitrogen. Piezoelectric outputs and damping ratios are in the same trend with the vacuum pressures.
28
Liu, Guo-Yan, i 劉國晏. "The Tin-Lead alloy gas sensor array nanowire manufacturing with die-casting in high vacuum". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m7ua8d.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
100
SnO2 is a very common materials used in gas sensor applications, caused by the change of resistance in a reducing atmosphere with the oxygen of the oxide surface adsorption reaction. Has been successfully applied to detect or identify a variety of toxic gases and combustion gases, such as CO, NO2, H2S, C2H6O2, CH4, etc. In this study, the use of vacuum die-casting will hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic molten tin-lead alloy molten metal cast into the nano template of anodic aluminum oxide(AAO), after curing of the liquid metal, the available array of tin-lead alloy nanowires after heat treatment oxidation array of tin-lead alloy nanowires, use wet etching to remove the template so that the wire bare copper thin films to complete device fabrication. Finally, on top of steamed copper thin films of metal semiconductor gas sensor production. The components of the composition, micro structure and nature of the detection while the Mapping、EDS、SEM、TEM、 XRD and DSC for analysis. The purpose of this study thin film sensor element as a control group, while the array of nanowire sensing element as a design group, the two groups of components in the same testing conditions, comparison of the sensitivity of the carbon monoxide response. Gas detection part is to design the measurement platform, the concentration of gas to be measured by MFC controls, signal measurement and signal data capture their writing LabView, finally confirmed with arrays of nanowire sensing element is much larger than than the surface area of thin film sensing element, therefore, the sensitivity increased substantially, the concentration of 500 ppm carbon monoxide atmosphere, nanowire array sensitivity of the sensing elements arranged in order SnO2(25.13%)＞Sn70%-Pb30%(17.83%)＞Sn63%-Pb37%(14.89%)＞Sn50%-Pb50%(14.02%).
29
Labello, Jesse M. "Characterization of the Temperature Dependence of Optical Components in a Cryo-Vacuum Chamber used for Space Sensor Testing". 2007. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/162.
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The space sensor cryo-vacuum chambers at Arnold Air Force Base are world class sensor characterization and calibration facilities. The chambers provide a simulated deep space background and accurate infrared projections. Several large optical systems are used within the chambers to accomplish this. Calibration of the chambers requires the use of a database of the measured optical properties of these components to simulate the output. However, as the information in the database is room temperature information and the chambers run near 20K, some discrepancies exist between the actual output and the model output. The purpose of this work is to translate the room temperature spectral information to cryogenic information as correctly as possible. To achieve this, the relevant temperature dependent material information was collected from literature. A program was written using this information that calculated spectral performance with temperature as a parameter. An ambient calculation and a cryogenic calculation were performed where necessary for each component of interest. The translation between the two calculations was then measured and applied to the measured ambient data of the components to obtain their expected cryogenic performance.
30
Cheng, Chun-Wen, i 鄭鈞文. "Development and implementations of wafer-level process platform with various vacuum conditions for micro sensors integration". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f75m74.
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Liu, Kuan-Chih, i 劉冠志. "The Application of Fiber Optic Sensors for Monitoring Resin Flow Frout in Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) Process". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99502062622467237128.
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碩士臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
98
The optic fiber is the commonly used in communication, after special processing it can be made a sensing part. At present, fiber optic sensors are applied generally in civil engineering and aeronautics, astronautics engineering for monitoring. The fiber grating sensor unified many merits, for example, the volume is small, the diameter thin and mass is light, not electromagnetic wave disturbance, High transmission, Anti-corrosive, thermostable, easy to embedded in the structure and establish quasi-distributional multiplex monitor network, It’s suitable in the structure strain and the temperature monitoring. Nowadays, composite FRP usually has used to the yacht, aerospace vehicle, windmill rotor structures etc., but tendency of along with the structure of large scale, regarding structure security and quality request, Therefore forewarn monitor of regarding the structure and diagnoses the technology to be important day after day, Because the fiber optical sensor has easy to embedded in structure. So it’s can embed fiber optic sensor in composite structure manufacture in the structure, After the structure formation , advantageously monitor the structure interior condition. This research mainly lies is used fiber grating sensor that applied to Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) process, fiber grating sensor was embedded between the fabric layers to monitoring the resin flow in composite process, and discusses relations of the fiber grating wavelength change and the resin flow. Practical application resin flow of experiment in thick laminate. Monitoring internal resin flow front in thick laminate. Discussion on experiment result and simulation software analysis result. Serviceability of the confirmation fiber grating sensor monitor resin flow front.
32
Lynch, Nancy Marie. "Flavor, aroma and color influences on consumer acceptance and flavor profile analysis of polyvinyl chloride and vacuum packaged ground beef". 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27486.
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