Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Vacation schools, religious, teachers manuals”

This research aims to describe the level of need, determine the design form (prototype), analyze the validation, practicality, and effectiveness of the Taubat learning model in English subjects to enhance religious character in SMK. The model is expected to serve as a reference for vocational English learning in Makassar. The developed products include learning model books, teacher and student manuals, and learning tools. Validators, teachers, and students from vocational schools in Makassar participated in this research, following R&D procedures with the ADDIE approach. Data analysis involved qualitative and quantitative methods. The results indicate: (1) The learning model development is based on the needs of teachers and students to foster religious character in schools. (2) The design follows the learning model syntax and includes English learning materials. (3) The developed model is validated and practical, with high assessments from teachers (94%), learners (92%), and model implementation (91%). (4) The developed model is effective based on learner activities observed through sheets, making it suitable for use in SMK. These findings will enable teachers to develop their own learning models based on field-specific needs.

The effectiveness of teaching the religion depends on the degree of the linguistic efficiency for the sender and for the recipient and by the degree of linguistic awareness of the religion instruction teacher i.e. his knowledge about mechanisms of the linguistic intercommunication. In the religious education transmission it seems essential to be perceiving language of the religious education by pupils. Amongst pupils and religion instruction teachers from primary schools and post-secondary a belief that the new manuals are adapted for the age and the level of the religious knowledge of pupils is dominating, they aren't proposing more serious linguistic problems concerning remarks. This belief results from the low-end acquaintance of the religious /terminology pupil’s/ and of religion instruction teacher’s /conformism/. Pupils of upper secondary schools are more conscious of their gaps in the knowledge of a language religious however the little percentage is only trying to make up for these gaps through the participation in active religious education /especially this beyond the school/.

Radicalism has been a threat to the world civilization and every country has deployed its effort to prevent radicalism especially in the educational sector. Every level of education including elementary school can be designed to prevent radicalism. Given this situation, educators in elementary schools are expected to be able to design and develop the program that are able to prevent students from radicalism understanding. This study was aimed at investigating the efforts of SD (Sekolah Dasar/Elementary School) Putra Kaili Permata Bangsa Palu in preventing radicalism, especially in PAI (Pendidikan Agama Islam/Islamic Religious Education) learning. This research was qualitative using a case study approach. Interview and documentation techniques were used to collect the data. To analyse the data, this study applied Cresswell analysis techniques. The findings of this study show that the school has designed and developed program to prevent radicalism. The efforts deployed by the school included: selecting textbooks, developing learning modules and PAI manuals by teachers, and maintaining nationalism-related activities. The strategy was implemented through PAI learning both in the classroom and outside the classroom. In the classroom learning included the objectives, materials, media, methods, and evaluation of learning process. Outside classroom learning covered extracurricular, religious, and nationalism-related activities.

The article offers an overview of the history of Islamic education in the Ingush society from the adoption of Islam (mid. 19th cent.) up to today. In the article is shown the role and importance of this important component of the people’s spiritual culture. During the field research in Ingushetia in 2014–2018, the author did manage to collect extensive data, which enabled her to outline the history of the formation of Islamic education in Ingushetia. The collected field material is subdivided into two blocks. The first is an outline of the history of the formation and also a structure of the traditional education system. It also provides an overview of the individual learning process. A student was instructed by the famous teachers (alims). This kind of education took place not only in Ingushetia, but also in the whole Caucasus. The second block deals with the processes of re-Islamization of society. This gave a powerful impetus to the revival of the Islamic education system that existed here at the beginning of the 20th century, and the introduction of new forms of Islamic education. The latter run in harness with the introduction in the school curriculum (grades 4 to 11) of the subjects, such as the “Fundaments of Religion” and “The Basics of Islamic Culture”. In introducing these subjects a crucial role played the the Spiritual Council of the Muslims of Ingushetia, who initiated the whole process. The schools in the Republic of Ingushetia continue to teach these subjects; at the same time many teaching aids (manuals, readers) to facilitate the process are currently being written. In addition to the subjects learned at schools, students of religious schools (madrasas) also receive elementary Islamic education, and those who wish can receive a higher education in Islam and Islam related subjects both in the Russian Federation and abroad. Thanks to well-organized work in secondary schools, madrasas and Islamic institutions, it was possible to raise the level of Islamic education and reduce the radicalization of society.

Development of educational - educational activities and training in higher educational institutions of Ukraine spiritual in Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra began in the mid of the mid-nineteenth century. This was facilitated by the allocation of educational courses from the context of philosophy and moral theology, increased secular aspects of education and teaching pedagogical subjects and the requirement to prepare high-quality teachers. It was created by a number of manuals and textbooks that evaluated both contemporaries and the next generation of scientists, educators and teachers.History of education in the Ukrainian lands is primarily a history of the monastic institutions of education. Since the XVIІI century in Central Ukraine (Poltava, Pereyaslav, Chernihiv), the demand for high quality secular and religious education in accordance with the best European models. Cells of such education are training systems, "monastic monastery – Seminary", in particular in Poltava (Holy cross monastery Slavonic Seminary) and Pereyaslavl (ascension monastery – Seminary of Pereyaslav), which was formed by descendants of the Kyiv-Pechersk monastery and monastic monasteries. This testifies to the high scientific-pedagogical and organizational effectiveness in a difficult economic, social, political circumstances of the historical period and the territory of Central Ukraine educational complex "the monastery-Seminary" as centers of spirituality, education, mentality of the Ukrainian people. In fact, Holy cross and Poltava and Pereyaslavl Voznesensky Cathedral monasteries for their money, as earned by the monks, and secured charitable donations of the population, kept and developed original educational complexes, which included: the Seminary, the Seminary for courses, monastic library, a temple, a hospital, several parochial schools, United by a common concern about the appropriate level of education as spiritual persons, and secular population of the region.

The article discusses approaches to the study of the problem of the development of teaching Orthodox culture (the Basics of Orthodox culture) in the Russian general education state and municipal school as an independent academic subject (course, module) at the choice of the family, parents (legal representatives) of underage schoolchildren. The formation of this practice, which began in the late 1990s in the education system of the Russian Federation, in the regions, in schools, has stagnated in the last decade, has not developed to the extent and quality necessary to achieve its goals. The study of this problem is relevant, the search for possible ways to solve it. The initial marking of the problem field is carried out in the article, the main aspects of the problem consideration are highlighted: socio-cultural, pedagogical, socio-psychological. Within their framework, issues of modern legal support for this practice and opportunities for its improvement, the relations of participants in this education, including the organizations of the Russian Orthodox Church, the state of the pedagogical base (state and church educational documents and materials, school teachers teaching Orthodox culture, their status and training, textbooks and manuals on Orthodox culture, educational and methodological support, etc.). In the pedagogical aspect, the most important issue of understanding the goals of teaching Orthodox culture in the general education of children, their upbringing and training, the expected educational results (personal and subject) and the reflection of this understanding in the main educational documents on Orthodox culture, in the subject areas "Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics", "Fundamentals of spiritual and moral culture of peoples" is highlighted Russia" in the education system.

Background. The modern system of national education, including music, is on the path of reorganization and reformation. Creating new educational models, it is useful to refer to the samples, time-tested, created by people whose names are permanently inscribed in the European cultural and historical fund. This confirms the life and work of Stepan Vasilyevich Smolensky (1848–1909) – teacher, medievalist, composer, regent, reformer of the music education system, public and cultural figure, ideologist of the New Direction of Orthodox Music of the late XIX – first half of the XX centuries. The formation of the ideology of the musician-teacher, the approval of his convictions became possible in many ways thanks to the support of two of his contemporaries, outstanding pedagogical figures – N. Ilminsky and S. Rachinsky. Objectives. The purpose of the article is to reveal the personal interaction of S. Smolensky with N. Ilminsky, S. Rachinsky, to appraise the contribution of the latter to the formation and development of his ideological positions, which determined the direction of further professional activity. Methods. The article uses the method of historicism, which allows us to consider the phenomena of artistic culture, enlightenment and education in the dynamics of their formation. Results. The formation of S. Smolensky took place in the Kazan period of life under the influence of Nikolai Ilminsky and Sergey Rachinsky. Nikolai Ivanovich Ilminsky (1822–1891) – orientologist, mission temissionary-teacher, biblical scholar, takes a special place in the biography of Stepan Vasilyevich Smolensky. The scientific works of N. Ilminsky cover a wide area of knowledge, like that: theology, linguistics, foreign translation, pedagogy and missionary work. His scientific studies, their practical implementation, which have not lost their relevance even nowadays, put Nikolai Ivanovich in a row of prominent figures of the Orthodox enlightenment of small peoples of the Volga region, Ural region and Siberia. The merits of N. Ilmisnky belongs to the founding of the first schools for small nations of the Volga region, as well as the teachers’ seminary in Kazan, where S. Smolensky was invited to the post of teacher of singing, history and geography. Church singing was considered in the missionary policy of the government as an important strategic element of introducing baptized aliens to orthodoxy. To this end, S. Smolensky was involved in a large-scale project of translating religious chants into the languages of the national small peoples of the Volga region, which determined the direction of his entire musical and singing work. Fully sharing the beliefs of N. Ilminsky, the young teacher focused on teaching church singing, in the moral and educational significance of which he infinitely believed. The lack of a methodical program for this discipline in public schools made S. Smolensky delve into this area of knowledge, as a result of which he developed the author’s system of teaching the named subject. In his pedagogical activity, S. Smolensky made extensive use of the methodological manuals created by him, which became an indispensable teaching material for future teachers. Here in Kazan, with the assistance of N. Ilminsky was opened a new page in the life of S. Smolensky, his deep immersion in the field of paleographic research. In Kazan, in the period of close cooperation with N. Ilminsky, typical features of S. Smolensky’s future activity were outlined, which received its brilliant application in the next Moscow period of life, during his leadership and reforming the Synodal School of Church Singing and Choir. S. Smolensky called his last teacher Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky (1833–1902) – professor and founder of the Department of Plant Physiology, Moscow University, a teacher, corresponding member of the Imperial St.-Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The acquaintance of S. Smolensky and S. Rachinsky occurred on the basis of the folk soil, based on Orthodox ideals. Foresight of judgment and deep knowledge of ancient church chants gave S. Rachinsky the right to take an active part in the scientific and educational activities of S. Smolensky. This confirms the extensive work carried out by S. Smolensky on the harmonization of the main Orthodox chants, undertaken at the insistence of his elder friend. The reforms carried out by S. Smolensky in Moscow and St.-Petersburg were fundamentally based on the education system of S. Rachinsky, aimed at developing the national element. Conclusions. A powerful monolith in the face of the polyglot and the manager N. Ilminsky, set off by the elegance of the artistic, but at the same time «meekly obstinate» nature of the educator-creator S. Rachinsky multiplied to the personality of Stepan Vasilyevich. In turn, the example of the life and work of S. Smolensky set a high tone and indicated a movement vector for many respectable professionals of musicians, teachers, choir masters, and scientists. Faith S. Smolensky, by lifeblood of the folk song and znamenny chant, inspired a wide range of composers, including P. Chesnokov, A. Kastalsky, S. Rachmaninov, A. Grechaninov, A. Nikolsky, N. Golovanov, K. Shvedov, Vik. Kalinnikov and others. Becoming one of the founders of medievalism in the area of church music, S. Smolensky outlined the main components of a scientific search in the history and theory of ortodox church singing, in the course of which A. Preobrazhensky, A. Nikolsky and others. A gifted teacher and organizer, S. Smolensky showed an example of the work of exemplary musical institutions whose school was attended by the greatest choirmaster of the last century: P. Chesnokov, N. Golovanov, N. Danilin, S. Zharov, A. Egorov and others. What has been said gives the right to assert that we can be fruitful in history, provided, like S. Smolensky, we will with intense effort learn from our forefathers, carefully looking at the value of their professional and life experience.

The article analyzes the church press publications of the XIX – early XX century, which contains information about the methods of teaching church singing. It is shown, that church singing was an important subject of the students' curriculum of the parochial schools, the most common type of schools. It is noted, that Kyiv eparchy periodicals contain a number of publications on the importance of teaching church singing, on the church singing program for parochial schools, on the problems of training singing teachers, on manuals on singing lessons in primary schools. The magazine's publications about the methods of teaching church singing to students of public schools are analyzed in more detail. Especially, there are many notes on this topic, which are published in the magazine "Parochial School". The church periodical press is a very informative source for the study of primary schoolish in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. These publications contribute to the deepening study of church singing in general, in the cultural and educational role of the Orthodox Church. The identification and systematization of publications in the church periodicals of the Kyiv eparchy made it possible to show that the church and school administration paid close attention to teaching church singing. The press noted that the church singing has an irreparable religious and moral impact on the pupils' souls, since in general, in the form of church chants, children are more easily remember church truths and prayers. The church singing provides a sensual and emotional perception of worship. The peculiarities of the methodology of teaching children singing in parochial schools are highlighted: it is also described how the teacher taught the lesson, and what methods and techniques he used. The used teaching literature is indicated. The recommendations of the methodologists of the XIX - beginning of the XX century. The practical significance of this scientific research lies in contributions to the source expansion for the study of church schoolish and the role of the Church in the history and culture of Ukraine.