Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Unsafe practice

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Unsafe practice”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Unsafe practice"

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Shastay, Ann. "Unsafe Practice Continues". Home Healthcare Now 37, nr 3 (2019): 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nhh.0000000000000784.

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&NA;. "Hallmarks of Unsafe Practice". Journal for Nurses in Staff Development (JNSD) 24, nr 6 (listopad 2008): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nnd.0000342230.90000.a0.

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Luhanga, Florence, Olive Yonge i Florence Myrick. "Hallmarks of Unsafe Practice". Journal for Nurses in Staff Development (JNSD) 24, nr 6 (listopad 2008): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nnd.0000342233.74753.ad.

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Schoeman, Scarpa. "Changing unsafe practice is challenging". Medical Education 42, nr 10 (październik 2008): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03168.x.

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Starr, Kristopher T. "Reporting a physician colleague for unsafe practice". Nursing 46, nr 2 (luty 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000476244.39588.b6.

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Omaña-Covarrubias, Arianna, Adrián Moya- Escalera, Maribel Pimentel Pérez i Oscar F. Ruiz-Vázquez. "Medical Practice in the COVID-19 Crisis, an Unsafe Practice". Mexican Bioethics Review ICSA 3, nr 5 (5.07.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/mbr.v3i5.6300.

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The situation humanity is currently experiencing is an unforeseen event for which we were not prepared. Unquestionably, the health systems in the world collapsed along with the increase in positive cases of COVID-19. Medical personnel and members of other health care disciplines did not have the necessary training to carry out the necessary protection when dealing with infected patients, however, it was work that had to be done. The death of the first doctors was the turning point at which it was evident that high security measures were required, as well as sufficient training for them to continue their work. Despite the measures implemented, contagion remained a reality. Added to this, at least in our country, the response of the population, which in many cases has been negative, accompanied by attacks on staff, damage to infrastructure and violation of the fundamental rights of other patients. The objective of this article is to present the current situation and help to create awareness of the risk that doctors and other health workers experience in their day to day, since the beginning of this pandemic.
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Scanlan, Judith Marlene, i Wanda M. Chernomas. "Failing Clinical Practice & the Unsafe Student: A New Perspective". International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship 13, nr 1 (1.01.2016): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2016-0021.

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AbstractStudents who fail clinical courses is a long standing issue in nursing education. Although faculty intuitively “know” a student is in clinical difficulty, the research literature is limited to delineating and describing characteristics of these students. A retrospective analysis of students’ files in which there was at least one clinical failure was conducted to identify clinical failure indicators. Files included students who were successful, required to withdraw, or voluntarily withdrew. This study integrates these characteristics in a manner not discussed in the literature. Two themes emerged that characterize student practices: (i) How students are in practice and (ii) Aspects of practice. A third theme surfaced as clinical teachers responded to these students by labelling the practice unsafe and increasing vigilance. A model was developed that shows the relationship between these characteristics and unsafe student practice.
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Silvestre, Julio, Akhila Reddy, Maxine de la Cruz, Jimin Wu, Diane Liu, Eduardo Bruera i Knox H. Todd. "Frequency of unsafe storage, use, and disposal practices of opioids among cancer patients presenting to the emergency department". Palliative and Supportive Care 15, nr 6 (13.04.2016): 638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951516000158.

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AbstractObjective:Approximately 75% of prescription opioid abusers obtain the drug from an acquaintance, which may be a consequence of improper opioid storage, use, disposal, and lack of patient education. We aimed to determine the opioid storage, use, and disposal patterns in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) of a comprehensive cancer center.Method:We surveyed 113 patients receiving opioids for at least 2 months upon presenting to the ED and collected information regarding opioid use, storage, and disposal. Unsafe storage was defined as storing opioids in plain sight, and unsafe use was defined as sharing or losing opioids.Results:The median age was 53 years, 55% were female, 64% were white, and 86% had advanced cancer. Of those surveyed, 36% stored opioids in plain sight, 53% kept them hidden but unlocked, and only 15% locked their opioids. However, 73% agreed that they would use a lockbox if given one. Patients who reported that others had asked them for their pain medications (p = 0.004) and those who would use a lockbox if given one (p = 0.019) were more likely to keep them locked. Some 13 patients (12%) used opioids unsafely by either sharing (5%) or losing (8%) them. Patients who reported being prescribed more pain pills than required (p = 0.032) were more likely to practice unsafe use. Most (78%) were unaware of proper opioid disposal methods, 6% believed they were prescribed more medication than required, and 67% had unused opioids at home. Only 13% previously received education about safe disposal of opioids. Overall, 77% (87) of patients reported unsafe storage, unsafe use, or possessed unused opioids at home.Significance of Results:Many cancer patients presenting to the ED improperly and unsafely store, use, or dispose of opioids, thus highlighting a need to investigate the impact of patient education on such practices.
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Murphy, Ellen K. "OR nurses ‘recovering’ patients; reporting an unsafe practice". AORN Journal 43, nr 5 (maj 1986): 1144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)65842-6.

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Scanlan, Judith M., W. Dean Care i Sandra Gessler. "Dealing with the Unsafe Student in Clinical Practice". Nurse Educator 26, nr 1 (styczeń 2001): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006223-200101000-00013.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Unsafe practice"

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Nasrin, Akter Suphot Dendoung. "Factors that encourage young female to practice unsafe sex, Bangladesh /". Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd400/4838046.pdf.

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Muchimba, Maureen. "Sexual risk behavior among low-income African-American adolescents trajectories and their predictors /". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010p/muchimba.pdf.

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Forrester, Kim, i n/a. "The Impact of Structural (Legislation and Policy), Professional and Process Factors on the Outcomes of Disciplinary Tribunals and Committees in Cases of Sexual Misconduct and Incompetent or Unsafe Practice". Griffith University. School of Nursing, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040615.144659.

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This study was conducted in the context of the regulation of professional nursing and midwifery practice in the Australian health care system. In this environment, professional regulatory authorities established by State and Territory legislation in all jurisdictions, regulate and control the work of health professionals. In Queensland, registered nurses, enrolled nurses and midwives are regulated by the Queensland Nursing Council, the statutory body created by the Nursing Act 1992 (Qld). Part of the regulatory role of this and other authorities is to discipline professionals whose conduct or behaviour falls short of appropriate and acceptable standards of practice. All regulated health professionals, including nurses and midwives, are potentially subject to professional disciplinary action if a complaint is lodged in relation to their conduct. This being an important issue in the management and delivery of health care, and an increased trend among health care consumers, the dearth of existing research into the disciplinary process is a major concern. This exploratory study examined the disciplinary role of the Queensland Nursing Council in adhering to its legislative mandate to ensure safe and competent nursing practice. The study focused on the extent to which structural (legislation and policy), professional, and process factors impacted on the outcomes of disciplinary Tribunals and Committees in cases of incompetent or unsafe practice and sexual misconduct. The study was situated within the interpretive paradigm using a case study approach. Specifically, it investigated cases of sexual misconduct by nurses and unsafe or incompetent practice by midwives. The study was guided by Donabedian's conceptual framework of structure-process-outcome. This framework was seen to be most suited to the aims of the study and provided a template for in-depth analysis of the data emerging from the two cases. The findings of this study provided insight into the factors underpinning the decisions of the disciplinary bodies in making determinations and formulating outcomes. There was found to be a lack of consistency and predictability in both the legislative frameworks and the interpretation of terms and concepts used to identify conduct warranting a disciplinary response from regulatory authorities. Although the processes of disciplinary proceedings are prescribed by both legislation and policy, their practical application was characterised by considerable challenges, which resulted in varying outcomes. The thesis reports this information so that it can be used as an initial basis to build a body of knowledge from practical experience with disciplinary proceedings that will inform future processes. Subsequent case studies in other contexts and systems will increase the level of knowledge available to nurses, other health care providers, health care institutions and regulatory authorities. The initial base of evidence suggests implications for practice, education and further research which are outlined in the final chapter of the thesis.
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Forrester, Kim. "The Impact of Structural (Legislation and Policy), Professional and Process Factors on the Outcomes of Disciplinary Tribunals and Committees in Cases of Sexual Misconduct and Incompetent or Unsafe Practice". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366609.

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This study was conducted in the context of the regulation of professional nursing and midwifery practice in the Australian health care system. In this environment, professional regulatory authorities established by State and Territory legislation in all jurisdictions, regulate and control the work of health professionals. In Queensland, registered nurses, enrolled nurses and midwives are regulated by the Queensland Nursing Council, the statutory body created by the Nursing Act 1992 (Qld). Part of the regulatory role of this and other authorities is to discipline professionals whose conduct or behaviour falls short of appropriate and acceptable standards of practice. All regulated health professionals, including nurses and midwives, are potentially subject to professional disciplinary action if a complaint is lodged in relation to their conduct. This being an important issue in the management and delivery of health care, and an increased trend among health care consumers, the dearth of existing research into the disciplinary process is a major concern. This exploratory study examined the disciplinary role of the Queensland Nursing Council in adhering to its legislative mandate to ensure safe and competent nursing practice. The study focused on the extent to which structural (legislation and policy), professional, and process factors impacted on the outcomes of disciplinary Tribunals and Committees in cases of incompetent or unsafe practice and sexual misconduct. The study was situated within the interpretive paradigm using a case study approach. Specifically, it investigated cases of sexual misconduct by nurses and unsafe or incompetent practice by midwives. The study was guided by Donabedian's conceptual framework of structure-process-outcome. This framework was seen to be most suited to the aims of the study and provided a template for in-depth analysis of the data emerging from the two cases. The findings of this study provided insight into the factors underpinning the decisions of the disciplinary bodies in making determinations and formulating outcomes. There was found to be a lack of consistency and predictability in both the legislative frameworks and the interpretation of terms and concepts used to identify conduct warranting a disciplinary response from regulatory authorities. Although the processes of disciplinary proceedings are prescribed by both legislation and policy, their practical application was characterised by considerable challenges, which resulted in varying outcomes. The thesis reports this information so that it can be used as an initial basis to build a body of knowledge from practical experience with disciplinary proceedings that will inform future processes. Subsequent case studies in other contexts and systems will increase the level of knowledge available to nurses, other health care providers, health care institutions and regulatory authorities. The initial base of evidence suggests implications for practice, education and further research which are outlined in the final chapter of the thesis.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing
Full Text
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McDevitt, Joshua Anthony. "Orientation: unsure". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3141.

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Ohnmar, Aung Pimpawan Boonmongkon. "Life styles, sexuality and cultural beliefs related to unsafe sexual practices among youth in Peri-Urban Yangon, Myanmar /". Abstract, 2005. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2548/cd375/4637982.pdf.

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Du, Plessis Susanna Jacoba. "The safety of infant feeding practices in a semi-urban community in the North-West Province / S.J. du Plessis". Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/853.

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In this mini-dissertation the aim was to explore and describe the safety of infant feeding practices. It is argued that safe infant feeding practices can have a positive and long term effect on the health status and growth development of all infants. World wide, countries but more specific developing countries, are faced with the growing dilemma of high mortality and morbidity rates among infants. The need to find a way to eliminate and prevent the causing factors of life-threatening infectious diseases like diarrhoea and HIV/AIDS is now more important than ever before. A sound nutritional foundation together with safe infant feeding methods play a predominant role in ensuring the very survival of the infant. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used in this study. Non-probability sampling was used to identify the sample who complied with the set selection criteria. The research took place in a semi-urban community as the community serves a large group of mothers and infants as well as being accessible to the researcher. The semi-urban community was also identified as an area with health care needs that could be addressed in the research project. A questionnaire was adapted from an existing WHO assessment tool. A pilot study was conducted after which the questionnaire was finalised and the questionnaires were completed with the aid of three fieldworkers. Data collection took place until the sample size (n=155) was achieved according to the calculation of the statistician. The data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation by using the STATISTICA data analysis software system programme. The results of the research study indicated that the majority of participants practice mixed feeding methods which do not comply with safe infant feeding standards. Infant feeding methods are not changed during illness or disease experienced by either the mother or infant, which again may greatly compromise their health status. The uptake of HIV testing and disclosure were relatively high. Recommendations are made for nursing education, nursing research and nursing practice with special focus on establishing safe infant feeding practices.
Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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Rich, Edna Grace. "Alcohol use and unsafe sex practices among students (17-25 year olds) at the University of the Western Cape". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Young people have high rates of risk-taking, including alcohol use/abuse and high risk sex. The main purpose of this study was to gain insight into the drinking patterns and sexual behaviour of young UWC students. The aim was to investigate the relationship between alcohol use and unsafe sex practices (such as unplanned sex, multiple partners, and non/inconsistent condom use) and to identify any shifts in sexual practices in response to the HIV/AIDS crisis.
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Fare, Diane. "The edges of the unsaid : transgressive practices in the fiction of Kathy Acker". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/1741/.

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This thesis is the first full-length study of the fiction-of Kathy Acker, a radical and transgressive American female writer (1947-1997). The study maps the development of Acker's fiction by focusing on the political dimension of her aesthetic strategies. It explores the politics of plagiarism and appropriation; the subversive representation of gender and sexual politics; and the anarchistic impulse of Acker's work. The main theoretical and political approaches employed are: feminist theory, poststructuralism, abjection and anarchism. The study begins with an introduction to Acker's life, since there is a significant if problematic autobiographical impulse in her writing, and her socio-cultural context. It proceeds to a detailed critical exploration of work published between 1968 and 1986, drawing attention to Acker's affinities with a poststructuralist project. Acker's strategies of juxtaposition, paradox, and contradiction, alongside her fragmented, non-linear, digressive narratives, are read as a form of social critique. Her use and abuse of the white, male, Euro-centric canon is examined in light of the construction of female sexuality, and Acker's focus on phallocentric language as a source of subjugation is also considered. The study then argues for and interrogates Acker's move towards a more affirmative narrative strategy before looking in detail at her fiction of the 1990s - fiction which, until now, has received slight attention. Through close readings of her later novels, the study illustrates how Julia Kristeva's concept of the abject is fruitful for an examination of Acker's work, and examines cross-cultural intertextuality (from the horror film to the avant-garde). It also relates the trope of piracy that is present in Acker's later works to the political ideology of anarchism. The conclusion to the thesis argues that Acker's strength lies in her uncompromising belief in the avant-garde, and details her sustained attempt to make critically incisive political art.
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Risheim, Lina, i Klara Smedsaas. "Exit game? Any unsaved progress will be lost : En praktikteoretisk analys av relationen mellan svenska spelföretag och ABM-institutioner". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-333449.

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This thesis analyzes the relationship between Swedish video game companies and the institutions for Archive, Libraries and Museums (ALM). The aim is to further the discussion regarding preservation of digital games. The thesis is based on semi-structured interviews with four video game companies and three institutions; an archive, a library and a museum. The theoretical foundation resides within practice theory, with the assumption that a practice is a combination of what people do and what they say. By analyzing what video game companies say they do the authors ascertain which methods of preservation is currently. The analysis is a cross-examination of the seven interviews with the result indicating that while video game companies are interested in the preservation of digital games they do not participate actively in the discussion on the best method of doing so. Communica- tion between video game companies and ALM institutions has room for improvement, as it is virtually non- existent. Furthermore, the findings indicate different motivations for preserving games and it is unclear which perspective the preservation should have; a technical perspective, cultural perspective or for the company’s bene- fit. In conclusion the current situation is that ALM institutions preserve games with a cultural and/or a technical perspective while game companies preserve their games for the company’s benefit.
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Książki na temat "Unsafe practice"

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Sobo, Elisa Janine. Choosing unsafe sex: AIDS-risk denial among disadvantaged women. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995.

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Choosing unsafe sex: AIDS-risk denial among disadvantaged women. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylavania Press, 1995.

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Office, General Accounting. Food safety: Changes needed to minimize unsafe chemicals in food : report to the chairman, Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Food safety: Controls can be strengthened to reduce the risk of disease linked to unsafe animal feed : report to the Honorable Richard J. Durbin, United States Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Thrift failures: Costly failures resulted from regulatory violations and unsafe practices : report to the Congress. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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United States. Congress. House. A bill to prohibit discrimination or retaliation against health care workers who report unsafe conditions and practices which impact on patient care. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. AIDS crisis in Africa: Health care transmissions : hearing before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session on examining the federal role in combating the global transmission of AIDS, in Africa, focusing on issues relating to research, prevention, care, and treatment, HIV transmission through unsafe medical practices, and global control of tuberculosis and malaria, March 27, 2003. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2003.

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(Editor), John M. Williams, red. Cotter: Defective & Unsafe Products - Law & Practice. Lexis Law Publishing (Va), 1996.

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New York State Nurses Association., red. Nurses' rights: Preserving nursing practice in unsafe client/patient care situations. Latham, NY: New York State Nurses Association, 1997.

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Marianne, Bertrand, i National Bureau of Economic Research., red. Does corruption produce unsafe drivers? Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Części książek na temat "Unsafe practice"

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Shrader-Frechette, Kristin. "Unsafe at Any Depth: Geological Methods, Subjective Judgments, and Nuclear Waste Disposal". W Artifacts, Representations and Social Practice, 501–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0902-4_29.

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Donaldson, Liam. "Safer Care: Shaping the Future". W Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 53–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_5.

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AbstractFundamental characteristics of healthcare, including approaches to priority-setting, culture, traditions of professional practice, leadership styles, and accountability mechanisms mean that many deep-seated causes of unsafe care have proved intractable to transformation. The wisdom and experience of patients and families that have suffered harm is enormous and should be better harnessed. The World Health Organization has led a diverse range of global action on patient safety over two decades. This has been highly successful in promoting interest, understanding, and commitment as well as driving specific programmes of action throughout the world. The organisation has also played a powerful convening role in bringing experts, organisations, and countries together to discuss and plan initiatives. This focus must be maintained in the face of slow and inconsistent improvement.
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Hoogenboom, Bob. "Unsafe and Unsound Practices". W The Governance of Policing and Security, 169–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230281233_12.

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Spellman, Frank R., i Kathern Welsh. "Task Diversity Equals an Unsafe Workplace". W Safe Work Practices for Wastewater Treatment Plants, 15–18. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351246989-2.

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McKinnon, Ron C. "Immediate Cause Analysis – High-risk Behaviors (Unsafe Acts)". W A Practical Guide to Effective Workplace Accident Investigation, 113–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003220091-20.

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McKinnon, Ron C. "Immediate Cause Analysis – High-risk Conditions (Unsafe Conditions)". W A Practical Guide to Effective Workplace Accident Investigation, 123–29. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003220091-21.

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Ogada, Darcy, Ngaio Richards i Shannon Behmke. "What Makes Carrion Unsafe for Scavengers? Considerations for Appropriate Regulatory Policies and Sound Management Practices". W Wildlife Research Monographs, 213–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16501-7_9.

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Dhingra-Kumar, Neelam, Silvio Brusaferro i Luca Arnoldo. "Patient Safety in the World". W Textbook of Patient Safety and Clinical Risk Management, 93–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59403-9_8.

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AbstractPatient safety is a fundamental principle of health care. However, many medical practices and risks associated with health care are emerging as major challenges for patient safety globally and contribute significantly to the burden of harm due to unsafe care. Available evidence suggests hospitalizations in low- and middle-income countries lead annually to 134 million adverse events, contributing to 2.6 million deaths. About 134 million adverse events worldwide give rise to 2.6 million deaths every year. Estimates indicate that in high-income countries, about 1 in 10 patients is harmed while receiving hospital care. This problem affects both high-income countries and low- and middle countries even if priorities and issues may differ. The most important adverse events concern medication procedures, healthcare-associated infections, surgical procedures, injection safety, blood transfusions, venous thromboembolism, sepsis, and diagnostic and radiation errors. Since 1999 when the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published its report “To err is human,” some progress has been made but patient harm is still a daily problem in healthcare. As a matter of fact, new threats are emerging due to population aging, along with new treatments and technologies which must be dealt with in addition to still-unresolved, long-standing problems. In this context, it is very important to adopt an international common strategy that creates networks, shares knowledge, programs, tools, good practices and develop and track indicators focusing on the specific priorities of each country and region.
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Scantlebury, Kathryn, Anna T. Danielsson, Anita Hussénius, Annica Gullberg i Kristina Andersson. "Communicating Through Silence: Examining the Unspoken, the Unsaid, and the “Not Done” in Science Education". W Material Practice and Materiality: Too Long Ignored in Science Education, 233–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01974-7_16.

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Nentwich, Julia C. "(Un)doing gender in organisationalen Rhythmen und Routinen". W (Un)doing Gender empirisch, 111–31. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32863-4_5.

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ZusammenfassungDie Diskurse der Betreuung und Bildung erweisen sich für die geschlechterdifferenzierende Konstruktion des Berufsbilds in historischer Perspektive wie für die Organisation der Rhythmen und Routinen im Kita-Alltag als äußerst relevant. Unsere ethnografische Erforschung der beobachtbaren Routinen in Kombination mit den Interviews mit Kinderbetreuenden erlauben uns, die gendered practices in der Kita herauszuarbeiten. In den organisationalen Rhythmen und Routinen der Kitas findet doing gender in Form einer Dramatisierung einer "hauswirtschaftlichen Weiblichkeit" statt, während ein undoing gender mit der im Idealbild guter Kinderbetreuung als guter Pädagogik stattfindenden Dethematisierung von Geschlecht einhergeht. Ein ethnografischer Zugang ist hier wesentlich, da das in die Rhythmen und Routinen eingeschriebene Wissen über gute Kinderbetreuung nicht explizit sprachlich zur Verfügung steht und erst durch Interpretation zugänglich wird.
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Unsafe practice"

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A. Buzzetto-More, Nicole, Robert Johnson i Muna Elobaid. "Communicating and Sharing in the Semantic Web: An Examination of Social Media Risks, Consequences, and Attitudinal Awareness". W InSITE 2015: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: USA. Informing Science Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2150.

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Empowered by, and tethered to, ubiquitous technologies, the current generation of youth yearns for opportunities to engage in self-expression and information sharing online with personal disclosure no longer governed by concepts of propriety and privacy. This raises issues about the unsafe activities of teens and young adults. The following paper presents the findings of a study examining the social networking activities of undergraduate students and also highlights a program to increase awareness of the dangers of, and safe practices using, social media. According to the survey results, young adults practice risky social networking site (SNS) behaviors with most having experienced at least one negative consequence. Further, females were more likely than males to engage in oversharing as well as to have experienced negative consequences. Finally, results of a post-treatment survey found that a targeted program that includes flyers, posters, YouTube videos, handouts, and in-class information sessions conducted at a Mid-Atlantic HBCU increased student awareness of the dangers of social media as well as positively influenced students to practice more prudent online behaviors. A revised version of this paper was published in Interdisciplinary Journal of e-Skills and Life Long Learning Volume 11, 2015 as "Communicating and Sharing in the Semantic Web: An Examination of Social Media Risks, Consequences, and Attitudinal Awareness"
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Yang, Tingyu, Qian Ji, Yekai Wei i Chanchan Yao. "‘Quick Charge’ Optimization Design and Service Practice for Campus Charging Piles". W 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001413.

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Recently, with the expansion of campuses in China, school buses separately cannot meet the needs of students for daily travel. Electrical vehicles have been favored by students contributing to their environmental, convenient, and economical characteristics in their daily life, consequently, related problems emerged. It is considered that the charging of electric vehicles is inconvenient, unsafe, unclear payment details, mainly because of limited sites, lack of maintenance, and site occupancy. In addition, there are certain limitations and backwardness in the payment method of existing charging piles. Students cannot query and manage the charging status of their vehicles in real time. Therefore, it is significant for us to construct and improve electric vehicle charging facilities for better campus environment.Purpose: From the perspective of service design, a solution for the existing problems in the electric vehicles charging piles on campus in China is proposed to facilitate the daily life of teachers and students on campus.Method: Taking the campus of Huazhong University of Science and Technology as an example, the statistics of existing charging piles are collected to enrich our understanding of the pile distribution on the campus, deeper information are excavated via stakeholder interviews in the statistics. After the interview, questionnaires are designed and relevant user role cards are established. Service design related analysis methods: visual analysis by establishing user journey maps, service blueprints, sand table models, role playing, etc. The contact points are discovered to construct the service system design.Conclusion: We demonstrated the ‘instant flash charge’ service scheme, plan the service blueprint, and design the relevant service vouchers. Users can instantly receive convenient charging services through the APP. Operators can also detect the usage status on the back-end computing modules, check and repair the broken charging piles in time, and finally provide users with a complete and smooth charging service.
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Rodriguez, Antonio Borges, M. Fraser Bransby, Ian M. S. Finnie, Han Eng Low i David J. White. "Changes in Pipeline Embedment due to Sediment Mobility: Observations and Implications for Design". W ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11425.

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This paper describes temporal variations in embedment of several existing pipelines on the North-West Shelf (NWS) of Australia, and the sediment mobility processes that cause them. Distinct and explainable patterns in the extent, distribution and rate of the development of pipeline embedment have been revealed through systematic detailed examination of repeated annual integrity surveys by ROV. This represents a unique data-set that has been used to optimize the reliability of a newly designed pipeline. This paper explains why these clear findings should not be overlooked in both the buckling and stability design of initially unburied pipelines, which is in contrast to currently established industry practice. This new information supports the presumption that conventional approaches for calculating the hydrodynamic stability of unburied pipelines may be more conservative than necessary. Conversely, and arguably more importantly, it is shown that conventionally accepted methods for calculating pipe-seabed resistance forces when planning buckling schemes should be considered unsafe if embedment due to sediment mobility is possible. Consequently, this paper proposes an innovative calculation methodology that statistically captures these sediment mobility effects, and which facilitates a more justifiable geotechnical input to pipeline engineering than what is conventionally adopted. This methodology is currently being used by the authors as a state-of-the-art design practice for unburied offshore pipelines in regions of sediment mobility.
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Chrpa, Lukáš, Martin Pilát i Jakub Med. "On Eventual Applicability of Plans in Dynamic Environments with Cyclic Phenomena". W 18th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2021}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2021/18.

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Planning and acting in dynamic environments deals with non-deterministic events that might change the state of the environment without consent of the agent. In the worst case, some events might cause the agent to become ``trapped'' in a dead-end state, which in practice might mean damage or destruction of the agent. Presence of non-deterministic events often considerably increases the number of alternatives that might occur in a single step and hence traditional non-deterministic planning techniques might not scale. In this paper, we address a class of problems where non-deterministic events represent ``cyclic phenomena''. If they interfere with the agent, they might be dangerous for it (e.g. ships cruising through the area of AUV operations). We present techniques that initially analyse the problem whether it falls within this class by considering the notion of event reversibility and if so, these techniques generate a plan such that encountered unsafe states, in which the ``cyclic phenomena'' might interfere with the agent, can be eventually crossed without any risk of ``falling'' into a dead-end state. Our approach is evaluated in the AUV and Perestroika domains.
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Messina, Michael Joseph, Simon Teves, Giulia Wally Scurati, Marina Carulli i Francesco Ferrise. "Development of Virtual Reality Training Scenario for Avalanche Rescue". W ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22414.

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Abstract As the popularity of winter outdoor sports is increasing, a growing number of users are engaging in activities in uncontrolled terrain, thus training for avalanche rescue is more important than ever. Traditional training takes place through workshops and in field sessions, presenting limitations to the training availability, since they require time, organization and specific weather conditions. This is problematic since the use of transceivers to locate buried individuals is not trivial and requires practice. Virtual Reality (VR) training has shown to be effective in several fields, especially in the context of hazardous conditions and emergencies, which require decision making under time pressure and management of complex tools in uncontrolled or unsafe environments. Examples include disaster medicine, military operations, and other fields in which actions must be performed precisely in short time frame. In this work, we present the development of an immersive VR system for avalanche rescue training as a complementary tool to the traditional techniques in order to prepare the trainee for field training sessions. We discuss the definition of the system requirements, the design and implementation of the tool, and considerations regarding hardware and software. Finally, we discuss possible limitations and future development.
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Thoriqoh, Hanifatun Nisa Ath, Budi Haryanto i Ela Laelasari. "The Association between Food Hygiene and the Escherichia Coli Contamination on School Snack at Elementary School in Cakung Subdistrict, East Jakarta". W The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.13.

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Background: Unsafe food hygiene poses threats for becoming disease transmission. The most common of foodborne pathogenic bacteria is Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between food hygiene and the contamination of escherichia coli bacteria on school snack. Subejcts and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Cakung, East Jakarta from December 2016 to January 2017. A sample of 60 food handlers from a total of 147 foods handlers’ population was selected by cluster sampling. The dependent variable was E. coli bateria. The independent variables were proper hand washing, food serving aids, proper equipment washing, types of selling facilities, sanitation facilities, the placement of cooked food, and food preparation. The data were collected by laboratory test result and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regressions. Results: As many as 45% of the positive snacks were contaminated with E. coli bacteria. E. coli bacterial contamination on food was related to the practice of using food serving aids (OR= 5.00; 95% CI= 1.19 to 20.92; p= 0.044), a place to store cooked food (OR= 6.11; 95% CI = 1.73 to 21.59; p = 0.007) and method of presentation (OR = 7.14; 95% CI = 1.43 to 35.57; p = 0.002). Conclusion: The incidence of Escherichia coli contamination on food is related to the practice of using food serving aids, the placement of cooked food and food serving. Keywords: Escherichia coli, school snack Corresponden: Hanifatun Nisa Ath Thoriqoh. Public Health Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: hanifatunnisa10@gmail.com. Mobile: 081808157745. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.13
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van Beek, Pieter, Richard Pijpers, Kenneth Macdonald, Johan Maljaars, Knud Lunde, Harry Korst i Frode Hansen. "A Novel High Cycle Fatigue Assessment of Small-Bore Side Branches: Tailor-Made Acceptable Vibration Levels Based on the Remaining Life of Existing Structures". W ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28378.

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In the process systems of offshore installations, welded small-bore side branches can prove vulnerable to high-cycle fatigue failure due to vibrations. This is especially the case for welded connections at tie-in points to the main pipe which are often critical details. International standards and guidelines therefore provide maximum acceptable vibration levels to ensure long term safe operation. In some guidelines, however, these acceptable vibration levels are phrased in terms of screening levels and in practice can be unduly conservative. Process pipework might then unjustly be regarded as unsafe based on measured vibrations in the field. This is especially true for offshore systems, which are characterized by low mechanical damping in the structure. This may result in overdesigned piping or over-conservative operational limits in order to keep vibration levels within the acceptable range. Furthermore, the screening methods and any detailed fatigue assessments typically use established stress-life (S-N) based fatigue design methods where uncertainty exists in the very high-cycle regime. This paper describes a novel and advanced tailor-made fatigue assessment method whereby acceptable vibration levels are based on maximum acceptable stress ranges for individual side branches. The acceptable stress ranges for each critical welded connection are based on a fracture mechanics analysis of fatigue crack growth. This method also minimizes the cantilevered (overhung) mass of small-bore side branches, whilst remaining safe for long-term operation. To illustrate the strength of the assessment methodology in practice, this paper describes the application of the procedure to a 2″ side branch connected to a main piping system. A fracture mechanics model and a detailed 3D finite element model are made. By comparing the stress ranges from the fracture mechanics model with the normalized stress ranges obtained from the dynamic FE analysis, maximum acceptable vibration levels for this particular side branch have been derived. The method is validated with experimental modal analysis and strain gauge measurements.
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Guachamin-Acero, Wilson, Torgeir Moan i Zhen Gao. "Steady State Motion Analysis of an Offshore Wind Turbine Transition Piece During Installation Based on Outcrossing of the Motion Limit State". W ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41142.

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Installation of OffshoreWind Turbine structural components need to be executed in sea states for which their dynamic responses are expected to remain within a safe domain or perform a limited number of outcrossings from the safe boundary beyond which the responses may lead to unsafe working conditions, large impact loads or even structural failure. A critical installation activity limiting the installation of a Transition Piece TP is often the motion monitoring phase of the mating points until its landing on the foundation. The operational limit is normally given by the horizontal displacement and the safe domain could conveniently be defined by a circle of radius r in the horizontal plane. This paper presents an existing general accurate method and its solution to estimate the outcrossing rate of dynamic responses for a circular safe boundary in short crested seas which is applicable for the motion monitoring phase of offshore wind turbine components prior to mating. The required input is calculated from spectral analysis in the frequency domain and the solution is derived for Gaussian processes. It is found that both 1st and 2nd order responses have to be included and that the Gaussian assumption for the slow drift motions is not valid so that its real PDF is required. Also wave spreading has large influence in the outcrossing rate and should realistically be applied. The suggested approach is in agreement with real offshore practice, and is efficient when compared with time domain simulations. Then, the outcrossing rate method could help on Marine Operations decision making during critical installation activities.
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Bzymek, Zbigniew M., Steven S. Hinkle i Zoila E. Jurado Quiroga. "Problem Solving in Design of Machine Elements in Mechanical Engineering". W ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50776.

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The Design of Machine Elements course is one of the most difficult and complicated courses in the Mechanical Engineering program. It requires inventive concept generation, the knowledge of geometrical design, and basic knowledge of stress and deformation analyses. On those three elements, the machine elements design philosophy is established and further developed. The course material has to be chosen carefully since the time constrains will allow to cover design of only few essential machine elements. The material is covered by lectures, textbook readings, homework problems, and design projects. In addition to the textbook content the course contains five special elements: Idea Generation, Safety Considerations, Design of the Day (DoD), a Designer’s Liability study, and three projects including Final Project – Shaft Design. In the Idea Generation project, students generate an idea of machine or mechanical device. The Safety Consideration project is done by inspection and documentation of unsafe elements on campus. The Shaft Design Project had students design a shaft system under given constrains. In DoD students present existing advanced machines chosen using different sources or their own industrial internship experience. The Liability assignment addresses the designer’s legal responsibility in case of a defective product that caused an injury or accident. The material taught in the course is larger than conventional machine element design course. The elements added that are beyond the structural analysis bring better understanding of engineering problems during the Senior Design course and later during engineering practice. They allow the students to connect the theory with the real world of engineering challenges. This gives students more satisfaction during the learning process and cognitive benefits during engineering practice. The unconventional inventive design approach of the teaching team (course instructor and GTA) to problem solving is based on many years of instructor’s experience in teaching of engineering problem solving and design. The learning pattern in which students work in teams, both in problem solving and in design exercises, also helps to conduct the course. Thanks to all these elements the learning experience of the course is unique and engaging despite the high level of difficulty associated with it.
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Zaghloul, Hassan M., i Beverley F. Ronalds. "The Use of Implicit Safety Factors in the Reassessment of Existing Platforms in the Arabian Gulf". W ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51529.

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Current engineering practice provides a safety level in the design of structures through the use of explicit safety factors (ESF), which consist of resistance factors (for working stress design or WSD) and/ or load factors (for load resistance factor design or LRFD). The WSD factors have been derived by experience, judgment and observation of actual behavior of existing structures, while LRFD factors were calibrated from WSD factors to yield, on average, similar safety/ reliability levels. In both methods, the proportioning of each element of a structure, rather than performance of the whole structure, is addressed. A platform is considered “unsafe” if ESF are consumed, which may be due to significant increase in the loading and/ or deterioration in the resistance. However, the presence of other safety factors, termed implicit safety factors (ISF), provides local and global safety levels that could considerably increase ESF, and may be utilized to avoid structural intervention, or at least limit its extent. The ISF are, in essence, available defenses for an existing structure, which contribute in a certain way to enhance the safety level. The recognition and exploitation of ISF may result in avoiding expensive construction intervention and bring about economical benefits without compromising the safety levels implied by design codes. The benefits extend to the decision-making process related to inspection, maintenance and operation of an existing structure. For a new design, the utilization of ISF may reduce structural weight and subsequently procurement, fabrication and installation costs. This paper reveals ISF and presents the basis of a development aiming at a method to account for their effect on the deterministic formulation of a code specific to the Arabian Gulf.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Unsafe practice"

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Bankole, Akinrinola, Lisa Remez, Onikepe Owolabi, Jesse Philbin i Patrice Williams. From Unsafe to Safe Abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa: Slow but Steady Progress. Guttmacher Institute, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2020.32446.

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This report represents the first comprehensive compilation of information about abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa and its four subregions. It offers a panorama of this hard-to-measure practice by assembling data on the incidence and safety of abortion, the extent to which the region’s laws restrict abortion, and how these laws have changed between 2000 and 2019. Many countries in this region have incrementally broadened the legal grounds for abortion, improved the safety of abortions, and increased the quality and reach of postabortion care. There is still much progress to be made, however, including enabling the region’s women to avoid unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The report concludes with recommendations for a broad range of actors to improve the sexual and reproductive health and autonomy of the region’s 255 million women of reproductive age.
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Coyner, Kelley, i Jason Bittner. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Pavement Markings and Signs. SAE International, maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022011.

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Transportation infrastructure systems serve as the platform for emerging automated vehicle (AV) technologies and, in their current condition, limit the reliability of these new vehicles. Road conditions, lane markings, and signs provide essential guidance and information to both human- and machine-controlled vehicles; however, their condition and placement vary depending on local conditions, practices, and funding. Irregular sign placements and road markings confuse both human and machine drivers and can create unsafe conditions. Still, in the short term, they are the easiest factor to adjust regarding successful AV deployment. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Pavement Markings and Signsexamines the issues associated with pavement markings and signs in the context of advanced automation. The report focuses on unresolved issues between the AV industry and infrastructure owners and operators and provides opportunities and recommendations for the AV industry and the larger transportation community to address reliability issues.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Global Evidence on the Prevalence and Impact of Online Gender-based Violence (OGBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), październik 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.140.

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This rapid review updates a previous report (Fraser and Martineau-Searle, 2018) with evidence from 2018 onwards. It finds an evidence base on online gender-based violence (OGBV) covering a wider range of countries than the previous report. Some key findings on the nature and prevalence of OGBV include: The most recent surveys show a prevalence of OGBV ranging from 16% to 58%; Men and boys also experience online abuse in high numbers, but it is less likely to be gender-based; Several studies from different countries identify Facebook as the top location for incidents of OGBV; Higher levels of online harassment and abuse are faced by people with intersecting inequality factors; According to victim-survivors, perpetrators are more likely to be unknown and acting alone, but large numbers are known to the victims. Perpetrators themselves report divergent, multifaceted and often over-lapping motivations for their actions; Analysis of underlying drivers of OGBV highlights an overarching theme of power and control, and heteronormative expectations around gender roles and sexual practice. Many authors recommend that OGBV be understood as part of a continuum of abuse where normalised behaviours, such as sexual harassment in public spaces, shade into behaviours widely recognized as criminal, such as physical assault. The societal impact of OGBV includes: Media freedom is compromised; Democracy being undermined; Economic losses resulting from lost productivity; A ‘climate of unsafety’ prevails. Evidence base: The number of surveys about self-reported experiences with online harassment has increased rapidly. The majority of the research found during the course of this rapid review came from international and domestic non-governmental organisations and think-tanks. Academic research studies were also found, including several literature reviews.
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Robinson, Andy. Monitoring and Evaluation for Rural Sanitation and Hygiene: Framework. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.027.

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The monitoring and evaluation (M&E) Guidelines and Framework presented in this document (and in the accompanying M&E Indicator Framework) aim to encourage stakeholders in the rural sanitation and hygiene sector to take a more comprehensive, comparable and people focused approach to monitoring and evaluation. Many M&E frameworks currently reflect the interests and ambitions of particular implementing agencies – that is, community-led total sanitation (CLTS) interventions focused on open-defecation free (ODF) outcomes in triggered communities; market-based sanitation interventions focused on the number of products sold and whether sanitation businesses were profitable; and sanitation finance interventions reporting the number of facilities built using financial support. Few M&E frameworks have been designed to examine the overall sanitation and hygiene situation – to assess how interventions have affected sanitation and hygiene outcomes across an entire area (rather than just in specific target communities); to look at who (from the overall population) benefitted from the intervention, and who did not; to report on the level and quality of service used; or examine whether public health has improved. Since 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have extended and deepened the international monitoring requirements for sanitation and hygiene. The 2030 SDG sanitation target 6.2 includes requirements to: • Achieve access to adequate sanitation and hygiene for all • Achieve access to equitable sanitation and hygiene for all • End open defecation • Pay special attention to the needs of women and girls • Pay special attention to those in vulnerable situations The 2030 SDG sanitation target calls for universal use of basic sanitation services, and for the elimination of open defecation, both of which require M&E systems that cover entire administration areas (i.e. every person and community within a district) and which are able to identify people and groups that lack services, or continue unsafe practices. Fortunately, the SDG requirements are well aligned with the sector trend towards system strengthening, in recognition that governments are responsible both for the provision of sustainable services and for monitoring the achievement of sustained outcomes. This document provides guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of rural sanitation and hygiene, and presents an M&E framework that outlines core elements and features for reporting on progress towards the 2030 SDG sanitation target (and related national goals and targets for rural sanitation and hygiene), while also encouraging learning and accountability. Given wide variations in the ambition, capacity and resources available for monitoring and evaluation, it is apparent that not all of the M&E processes and indicators described will be appropriate for all stakeholders. The intention is to provide guidelines and details on useful and progressive approaches to monitoring rural sanitation and hygiene, from which a range of rural sanitation and hygiene duty bearers and practitioners – including governments, implementation agencies, development partners and service providers – can select and use those most appropriate to their needs. Eventually, it is hoped that all of the more progressive M&E elements and features will become standard, and be incorporated in all sector monitoring systems.
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Robinson, Andy. Monitoring and Evaluation for Rural Sanitation and Hygiene: Framework. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.025.

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The monitoring and evaluation (M&E) Guidelines and Framework presented in this document (and in the accompanying M&E Indicator Framework) aim to encourage stakeholders in the rural sanitation and hygiene sector to take a more comprehensive, comparable and people focused approach to monitoring and evaluation. Many M&E frameworks currently reflect the interests and ambitions of particular implementing agencies – that is, community-led total sanitation (CLTS) interventions focused on open-defecation free (ODF) outcomes in triggered communities; market-based sanitation interventions focused on the number of products sold and whether sanitation businesses were profitable; and sanitation finance interventions reporting the number of facilities built using financial support. Few M&E frameworks have been designed to examine the overall sanitation and hygiene situation – to assess how interventions have affected sanitation and hygiene outcomes across an entire area (rather than just in specific target communities); to look at who (from the overall population) benefitted from the intervention, and who did not; to report on the level and quality of service used; or examine whether public health has improved. Since 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have extended and deepened the international monitoring requirements for sanitation and hygiene. The 2030 SDG sanitation target 6.2 includes requirements to: • Achieve access to adequate sanitation and hygiene for all • Achieve access to equitable sanitation and hygiene for all • End open defecation • Pay special attention to the needs of women and girls • Pay special attention to those in vulnerable situations The 2030 SDG sanitation target calls for universal use of basic sanitation services, and for the elimination of open defecation, both of which require M&E systems that cover entire administration areas (i.e. every person and community within a district) and which are able to identify people and groups that lack services, or continue unsafe practices. Fortunately, the SDG requirements are well aligned with the sector trend towards system strengthening, in recognition that governments are responsible both for the provision of sustainable services and for monitoring the achievement of sustained outcomes. This document provides guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of rural sanitation and hygiene, and presents an M&E framework that outlines core elements and features for reporting on progress towards the 2030 SDG sanitation target (and related national goals and targets for rural sanitation and hygiene), while also encouraging learning and accountability. Given wide variations in the ambition, capacity and resources available for monitoring and evaluation, it is apparent that not all of the M&E processes and indicators described will be appropriate for all stakeholders. The intention is to provide guidelines and details on useful and progressive approaches to monitoring rural sanitation and hygiene, from which a range of rural sanitation and hygiene duty bearers and practitioners – including governments, implementation agencies, development partners and service providers – can select and use those most appropriate to their needs. Eventually, it is hoped that all of the more progressive M&E elements and features will become standard, and be incorporated in all sector monitoring systems.
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Schnabel, Filipina, i Danielle Aldridge. Effectiveness of EHR-Depression Screening Among Adult Diabetics in an Urban Primary Care Clinic. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, kwiecień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0003.

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are important comorbid conditions that can lead to more serious health outcomes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) supports routine screening for depression as part of standard diabetes management. The PHQ2 and PHQ9 questionnaires are good diagnostic screening tools used for major depressive disorders in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This quality improvement study aims to compare the rate of depression screening, treatment, and referral to behavioral health in adult patients with DM2 pre and post-integration of depression screening tools into the electronic health record (EHR). Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review on patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of DM2 and no initial diagnosis of depression or other mental illnesses. Chart reviews included those from 2018 or prior for before integration data and 2020 to present for after integration. Sixty subjects were randomly selected from a pool of 33,695 patients in the clinic with DM2 from the year 2013-2021. Thirty of the patients were prior to the integration of depression screening tools PHQ2 and PHQ9 into the EHR, while the other half were post-integration. The study population ranged from 18-83 years old. Results All subjects (100%) were screened using PHQ2 before integration and after integration. Twenty percent of patients screened had a positive PHQ2 among subjects before integration, while 10% had a positive PHQ2 after integration. Twenty percent of patients were screened with a PHQ9 pre-integration which accounted for 100% of those subjects with a positive PHQ2. However, of the 10% of patients with a positive PHQ2 post-integration, only 6.7 % of subjects were screened, which means not all patients with a positive PHQ2 were adequately screened post-integration. Interestingly, 10% of patients were treated with antidepressants before integration, while none were treated with medications in the post-integration group. There were no referrals made to the behavior team in either group. Conclusion There is no difference between the prevalence of depression screening before or after integration of depression screening tools in the EHR. The study noted that there is a decrease in the treatment using antidepressants after integration. However, other undetermined conditions could have influenced this. Furthermore, not all patients with positive PHQ2 in the after-integration group were screened with PHQ9. The authors are unsure if the integration of the depression screens influenced this change. In both groups, there is no difference between referrals to the behavior team. Implications to Nursing Practice This quality improvement study shows that providers are good at screening their DM2 patients for depression whether the screening tools were incorporated in the EHR or not. However, future studies regarding providers, support staff, and patient convenience relating to accessibility and availability of the tool should be made. Additional issues to consider are documentation reliability, hours of work to scan documents in the chart, risk of documentation getting lost, and the use of paper that requires shredding to comply with privacy.
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Estimating costs of post-abortion services. General Hospital Aurelia Valdivieso, Oaxaca, Mexico. Population Council, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1999.1011.

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Health care systems around the world are facing problems providing quality care with increasingly constrained resources. While modern practices and diagnostic tests have made pregnancy a much less risky event than in the past, not all pregnancies have a favorable outcome. Spontaneous abortion occurs in 15–45% of all known pregnancies, and studies show that 25% of all obstetric/gynecology hospital admissions are for incomplete abortion. Given the high level of resources devoted to treating this condition, it is imperative to develop cost-effective methodologies to provide quality care. Unsafe abortion performed by untrained and inexperienced providers is the fourth leading cause of maternal mortality in Mexico. Strengthening the capacity of health care institutions to provide high-quality post-abortion care services that are cost-effective, accessible, and sustainable is a major public health objective. To improve its service-delivery model, the Aurelio Valdivieso General Hospital in Oaxaca implemented a redesigned service model for women seeking care for incomplete abortion. The study detailed in this report assesses the cost and quality implications of this new service model.
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Management support for postabortion operations research at the Egyptian Fertility Care Society. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1040.

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The ANE OR/TA Project started its first five-year phase in 1991 addressing increased choice and accessibility of contraceptive use, promoting quality of family planning (FP) services in Asia and the Near East, and promoting the use of operations research (OR) to solve service-delivery problems. The first phase emphasized human resource development. During the years leading up to the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development, there was increased global attention to issues related to reproductive health (RH), and in particular the adverse health implications of harmful RH practices, including unsafe abortion. OR was being called upon to help implement this shift in the population field. In Egypt, the ANE OR/TA Project guided policymakers toward improving postabortion care. A 1994–95 pilot study to improve postabortion care was conducted to test the feasibility of studying postabortion care and to investigate acceptability of service-delivery improvements. The Egyptian Fertility Care Society implemented this first postabortion-care study. As noted in this report, the project’s long-term objective was to contribute to the development of Egyptian NGO institutional capacity to conduct OR and improve dissemination of findings for enhanced management and informed policymaking.
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