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Metheekul, Snomnart. "GMPCS regulations in the United States and Thailand". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ44067.pdf.
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Demyanek, Mark Louis. "An analysis of United States asbestos regulations and policies". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29586.
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Ferguson, Joel S. "USCG diversity moving beyond "training, rules, and regulations" /". Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FFerguson.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Homeland Security (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Strindberg, Anders ; Second Reader: Bellavita, Christopher. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: United States Coast Guard, diversity, workforce diversification, workforce management Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-100). Also available in print.
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Belanger, Diane. "An Examination of the Relationship between Post-9/11 Visa Regulations and International Student Enrollment". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BelangerD2007.pdf.
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Borbon, Galvez Yari. "Capabilities meet regulation : the compliance processes of Mexican food supply chains with United States biosecurity regulations". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45518/.
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This thesis explores how Mexican fresh produce supply chains have responded to US bio-security regulations designed to prevent the intentional and accidental contamination of imported food. It explores the compliance processes, which are theorised using a framework drawn from the Resource-Based View (RBV) and the Supply Chain Governance (SCG) literatures. The constructs developed herein regarding capabilities and supply chain ‘governance structures' complement previous Regulation Studies (RS) explaining compliance behaviour. The thesis analysed 12 case studies, and tested causal conditions of compliance using a multi-value Qualitative Comparative Analysis (mvQCA) method. The main results show: 1) the pathways to meet the regulatory requirements; 2) the limited diversity of capabilities associated with higher levels of compliance; and 3) the importance of tight supply chain coordination to source and exchange knowledge for compliance, regardless of how or who governs the supply chain. The thesis contributes to various academic debates. It removes the RVB assumptions that resources and capabilities are intrinsically valuable and complementary, and therefore contributes towards making the theory less tautological. It shows how SCG benefits when the effects of supply chain integration and coordination are examined independently. It differentiates between firms lacking willingness and firms lacking capabilities to comply, making it possible to define suitable regulatory strategies for each type of firm. The thesis makes a methodological contribution as it is one of the first studies applying the mvQCA in Science, Technology and Innovations Studies (STIs). The new methodology is used here to test the causal conditions of compliance, but can also be applied to innovative performance more generally. The thesis concludes by showing how US regulations were effective in achieving their regulatory aims without significant negative consequences, and suggesting that STI regulatory policies can be used to increase business engagement to prevent the intentional and accidental contamination of the food chain.
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Bolan, Michael. "European Union vs. the United States: Recycling Policies and Management". Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1243439695.
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Jenn, Alan Theodore. "Advanced and Alternative Fuel Vehicle Policies: Regulations and Incentives in the United States". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/354.
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Transportation policy is playing an increasingly important role in the transition towards more fuel-efficient vehicles and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). Whether the policy seeks to promote adoption through mandatory requirements or through monetary incentives, or to address issues related to adoption of AFVs, it is clear that such policies can have large-ranging impacts on the future of the US transportation system. The work I conduct in my dissertation seeks to understand these policies, in the past, present, and future. I evaluate the effects of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT) on the adoption of HEVs. As part of EPACT, a tax credit incentives program was implemented for consumers purchasing HEVs. Using a unique fixed effects regression approach with lagged instrumental variables, I am able to estimate the effects of the incentives. I find most significant responses occur when incentives exceed $1,000 in tax cd credit. Depending on the vehicle model the presence of EPACT yielded increases in sales of 5% to 15%. This increase is relatively smaller compared to many existing studies, which my work indicates is likely the result of over-attribution of sales to policy. I go on to examine the effects of the adoption of electric vehicles on funding for transportation infrastructure. A significant portion of revenue for transportation infrastructure comes from taxes on gasoline, these funds will likely be diminished to some extent as electric vehicles are adopted as they consume little to no gasoline as fuel. Using several existing electric vehicle models, I find that at the per-vehicle level, revenue generation can be upwards of 50% lower in certain states depending on how fees are charged. The total annual revenue generation at the federal level could decrease by as much as $200 million by 2025, though this is quite a small portion of total revenues for transportation infrastructure. I demonstrate that the revenue decrease can easily be made up through small policy fee changes in either flat fixed or through incremental increases in use fees, though implementation of such policies can be difficult politically. I also focus on the recent implementation of alternative fuel vehicle incentives in the 2009 update of the CAFE standards. I demonstrate that while the AFV incentives help spur the production and adoption of AFVs, there is a short-term emissions penalty due to the structure of the policy. i find that every AFV sold results in an increase in emissions rate for another vehicle of 50-400 grams of CO2 per mile, comparable to adding an additional conventional vehicle onto the road. The cumulative effect is an increase of 20 to 70 million metric tons of CO2 for vehicles sold between 2012 and 2025. I further extends this work by investigating how other policies promoting AFV sales interact with the CAFE policy. I focus specifically on the California ZEV mandate interaction and find that there is an increase of 120 million metric tons of CO2 for new cars sold between 2012 and 2025. The analysis also demonstrates a counter intuitive effect: the greater the success of ZEV in inducing adoption of AFVs, the greater the short-term emissions penalty due to the two policies. Finally I examines the response of driving behavior response to changes in gasoline prices. Using a unique dataset obtained from Pennsylvania's Department of Transportation, we are able to observe annual driving behavior at the individual vehicle level from 2000 through 2010. We observe heterogeneity of price elasticities using two methods: separating data by quantiles over the factors of interest and by interacting the factors of interest as categorical variables with gasoline prices. We find statistically significant variations in elasticities: for driving intensities we observe values of -0.172 increasing up to -0.0576 as the amount driven annually increases, for gasoline prices we observe a range of elasticities from -0.002 to -0.05 for prices below $4/gallon with a sudden increase to -0.182 for prices above $4/gallon, lastly for fuel economies we find that below 20 MPG elasticities are highest at -0.173 with decreasing responsiveness as vehicle fuel economy increases. Heterogeneity needs to be accounted for in order to properly understand policy effects: responses based on average elasticity values are likely to be incorrect.
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Cunanan, Kenneth M. "The Invisible Wall: An Analysis of Metropolitan Procurement Regulations in the United States". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1058.
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Across municipal governments, the vast and varied web of purchasing regulations known as procurement has effectively grown into a barrier to entry for the civic technology market, allowing government contracts to be secured by a few large software companies with the resources to move through the procurement process. Within the procurement process, the procurement threshold, an arbitrary dollar amount set by the municipal governments, determines how governments are able to purchase goods and services from vendors. Through an OLS regression model, we examine the relationship between proven economic growth factors within cities, and the city’s procurement threshold. We find that there is a significant negative correlation between the number of patents issued for a particular city and the city’s procurement threshold, indicating that there may be a negative relationship between patent adoption and procurement thresholds within a city.
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Kim, Insook. "Toshiba crisis: U.S. Congress threatens sanctions for violating COCOM regulations". Thesis, Boston University, 1988. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/38056.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
This case study explores how Toshiba Corporation, a Japanese electronics company, managed the crisis caused by its subsidiary. Toshiba Machine Co. (TMC)'s illegal exporting activities to the Soviet Union. Between 1981 and 1984, TMC sold eight military sensitive machine tools to the Soviet Union. It was a violation of COCOM (Coordinating Committee on Export Controls) regulations that monitor the sales of sensitive military equipment to the Communist countries. Because the sales allegedly damaged the U.S. national security, the Congress accused TMC as well as its parent company, Toshiba, and threatened sanction to ban importing an Toshiba products. How did Toshiba identify and confront the crisis? What was the impact and the effect of tactics and strategies employed by Toshiba? The major discussions focus on Toshiba's crisis management efforts. This study is based on articles from American and Japanese newspapers and magazines as well as documents and news releases obtained from Toshiba. Furthermore, interviews with two managers of Toshiba's public communications office, one in charge of domestic and the other in charge of overseas public communications, were conducted in order to get Toshiba's insights and perspectives towards the crisis. The results of this study show some influential factors which arise from the diversity of infrastructures and characterize the public relations strategies of a Japanese company manufacturing its product in the United States. Moreover. the interdependency of the multinational corporations is clarified through the study.
2031-01-01
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Hein, Gregory Allan. "Regulating a miracle substance : the politics of asbestos in Canada and the United States". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29930.
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While asbestos has been called a 'miracle substance' because of its unique properties, asbestos has also caused cancer in those exposed to its indestructible fibres. This mix of benefits and costs has made the regulation of asbestos particularly difficult for policymakers; in both countries, regulation has been characterized by exceptional measures.
In Canada, regulating asbestos has led to innumerable government studies, including the Ontario Royal Commission on Matters of Health and Safety Arising from the Use of Asbestos (1984). The Commission's Report was unique in its extensive scope and detail. Its three volume report included a detailed treatment of asbestos-related diseases, quantitative risk estimates, and assessments of current regulations. The regulatory history of asbestos in the US was also somewhat exceptional. It involved a protracted battle between the Environmental Protection Agency and the Office of Management and Budget. Out of this battle came a House Subcommittee investigation into OMB interference in EPA rulemaking (1985).
The comprehensiveness of the Royal Commission's Report is highly significant given that detailed scientific explanations of policy, and the criteria used to balance costs and benefits are usually not explicitly revealed by Canadian regulators. In this sense, the somewhat anomalous nature of the Commission's Report offers an especially detailed view of regulating hazardous substances in Canada. Like the Royal Commission Report, the House investigation provides an extraordinarily detailed look at the politics of regulating a hazardous substance.
Out of these involved deliberations, though, emerge very different policies on asbestos. While the US has implemented a three-stage ban, Canadian regulators view asbestos primarily as an occupational problem. The workplace standards of the US, Ontario and Quebec differ, with the US being more stringent.
The contributions of this paper stem from its balanced consideration of scientific and political determinants and its comparative nature. This balanced consideration illustrates the double impact of science. While science can set the boundaries of a policy debate, uncertain areas of scientific evidence are usually politicized by competing interests. Thus, the less science is certain, the more politics matters.
Within the boundaries set by science, various political forces have an impact on the policy process. Policies are shown to emerge from very different interrelationships between state structures and societal actors, influenced by varying degrees of economic dependence on asbestos. Group theory alone fails to explain the divergent policy outcomes; so do neo-Marxist and institutionalist approaches. Thus, this study demonstrates the superiority of integrative approaches, as opposed to those which emphasize one causal variable at the expense of others.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Chacksfield, Adam Jonathan. "A fallibilist approach to evaluating medical regulations : the FDA's drug effectiveness requirement /". Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Villar, Michael H. Krause Carsten. "Development and implementation of an interactive uniform regulations manual for the United States Marine Corps". Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FVillar.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in )--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s):Man-Tak Shing, Anthony Ciavarelli. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.161-162). Also available in print.
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Krause, Carsten. "Development and implementation of an interactive uniform regulations manual for the United States Marine Corps". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2600.
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There are two main purposes to this thesis study. First, we will deploy the principles of software development that we have learned through the Software Engineering track here at NPS and test its validity through the development of a real world system. This system will be a completely self sustaining prototype of a web design containing both the front end and back end requirements. Second, we will conduct a study of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) through the design and usability testing of a new interactive uniform regulations manual. All military services currently possess their own individual uniform regulations specific to each service. This system, although it will be specific to the United States Marine Corps, can be used as a model for any other service as well as any international military desiring a similar solution to the inherent problems associated with current manuals. The new system will address all aspects currently outlined in the regulations. This regulation will be used by all US civilians and military service members to whom the current manual is now relevant. Although we fully intend to deliver a finished product to the Marine Corps for their official use, the true value to us as students is in the process of developing and testing this new system. The knowledge learned here will benefit us in any future system design or development projects.
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Soiseth, Gary Alan. "The impact of chemical pesticide regulations on the United States' agriculture productivity from 1960-2004". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/449185584/viewonline.
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Kim, Kee Deok. "Korea-U.S. trade negotiation on market access : dispute over the Korean shelf-life regulations for food products". Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327445.
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Cloppenburg, Jürgen. "The regulation of global mobile personal communications by satellite : a comparative analysis of regulations, policy and perspectives in the European Union, in particular Germany, and the United States". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31153.
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This thesis analyses the current regulatory regimes in the European Union---in particular Germany---and the United States governing the authorization of global mobile personal communications by satellite (GMPCS).Current satellite licensing regimes fail to take into account the international character of satellite telecommunications. The reliance on a national public interest standard does not properly address the interests of the community of states, industry and consumers and is not suitable to meet the aspirations of international space law. The international harmonization of frequencies and international standardization are indispensable for the introduction of these new services. The establishment of an international communications regulator with the power to adopt binding decisions if required is the most suitable way to address these problems. However, the development of an international public interest standard with clear policy objectives will be hard to achieve.
With regard to the different aspects of ground segment licensing, a gradual approach is the best way to balance the different interests and concerns in this field. The International Telecommunications Union GMPCS MoU and the development of European regulations show a feasible way to achieve a regulatory regime that facilitates the introduction of these new services. Lighter regulations, possibly the introduction of one stop shopping procedures, mutual recognition of licenses and the introduction of general authorizations are measures that can and should be taken at the international level. The interdependence of earth and space segment licensing may lead to the understanding that some aspects of earth segment licensing should also be regulated at international level.
The question will be whether States, industry and users are able to reconcile their interests and the sometimes opposing trends of international cooperation and international competition for the benefit of "all mankind".
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Shin, Stephanie H. "Planning for a multi-generational future : policies, regulations, and designs for multi-generational housing in the United States". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73825.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-74).
Multi-generational housing is a rising trend that is increasingly being considered as a viable housing option for the Boomerang generation, Baby Boomers and the aging population, and immigrant families. Cultural preferences, socio-economic factors, and the increasing availability of kin all contribute to people's decisions to live in multi-generational housing arrangements. However, the current housing landscape is inundated with suburban, single-family homes and a nuclear-family centered homebuilding industry and dominant culture in the United States does not match multi-generational housing needs. This thesis examines how planning professionals and practitioners may encourage more multi-generational housing opportunities as a way to age in place, live more efficiently in terms of space and finances, and meet demand that is largely being overlooked by developers and the existing housing opportunities of today. After a brief history of multi-generational housing in a U.S. context and the factors that contributed to both its decline post- World War 11 and its more recent resurgence, several different typologies are documented through interviews and case studies. The thesis ends with an examination of the largest barriers to the creation of more multi-generational housing, such as zoning and the disincentive to take on the risk of non-traditional development, and proposes recommendations to planners on how to overcome these challenges with planning interventions. The conclusion proposes and outlines the steps that can be taken following the completion of this thesis, including the creation of a practical guide or manual for planners on multi-generational housing that can be distributed to planners, organizations focused on the aging population, groups working to promote intergenerational activities and interaction, and other interested parties as a resource and how-to guide.
by Stephanie H. Shin.
M.C.P.
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Edery, Betty. "L'action de groupe est-elle une procédure adaptée à la responsabilité du fait des produits médicaux aux Etats-Unis?" Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81469.
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The use of medical devices and drugs is constantly increasing in the United States. New techniques are developed, pharmaceutical companies manufactured thousands drugs and medical devices each year, these products are put on the market immediately; therefore, the consequences can be terrible.In the US, thousands even millions of people suffer from personal injuries because they use a defective medical product; this is referred as a mass tort. The class action procedure is often used in order to repair these personal injuries. Plaintiffs always ask for the use of this procedure, but the federal American courts always refuse the certification of the class because the conditions of Rule 23(b)(3) are not fulfilled. This is what is called "the new trend of American courts".
The non application of the class action procedure leads to terrible results; victims of a defective medical product cannot receive compensation for the injury they are suffering from. These victims choose the class action procedure because of its advantages, if the class action is not certified they won't sue individually. If the real problem was the non respect of Rule 23(b)(3)'s conditions, a modification or a reform of the Rule would have been done. Unfortunately the laxity of the federal judges tends to influence the American Congress who ignores the need for a reform of this rule. This makes us wonder what the real justifications motivating this refusal of certification are.
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Burns, Molly Elise. "A Comparison of Solvent and Water-Borne Alkyd Coatings and the History of VOC Regulations in the United States". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1741.
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A Comparison of Solvent and Water-Borne Alkyd Coatings Abstract
Conventional solvent based alkyd coatings have gone out of favor due to concerns over volatile organic compound (VOC) content. However, due to recent focus on renewable raw materials, alkyds are making a comeback in waterborne form. Water based alkyd coatings are known to have poor shelf stability and corrosion resistance, as well as other problems during the formulation process. This project focused on comparing solvent borne to two types of water-borne alkyds, water reducible alkyds and alkyds emulsions. The purpose was to understand the differences between the three types of alkyds in terms of their production and final properties. It was ultimately hoped that the formulations used for this project would prove to solve the problems normally experienced by waterborne alkyds.
After testing several chemical and physical properties, it was determined that the solvent borne alkyd coatings performed better than both water based systems in corrosion resistance, accelerated weathering, and shelf stability but the water reducible and emulsion alkyd coatings performed similarly to the solvent borne alkyd in gloss, contrast ratio, and durability. The VOC emissions for all three alkyd types were as expected; the solvent borne had the highest emission at 253 g/L, followed by water reducible with 166 g/L, and emulsion with 34 g/L.
The History of VOC Regulations in the United States Abstract
In another solvent based alkyd coating focused project within my research group, the question of the how volatile organic compound (VOC) regulation in the United States (U.S.) evolved came up. It quickly became apparent that no comprehensive answer to this question existed. Part two of this project is an attempt to answer this question in a comprehensive manner.
VOC regulations started in California in the late 1970s, and paints and coatings became a nationally regulated emission source by the 1990s. The U.S. government limited harmful emissions, such as smog and compounds contributing to ozone depletion, through Clean Air Acts. The first Clean Air Act was enacted in 1965, but it wasn’t until the Clean Air Act of 1990 that VOC emissions became a focus. VOCs are not inherently hazardous but are a source of concern because they serve as a precursor to the formation of damaging ground level ozone.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established the minimum VOC emission limits in the Architectural and Industrial Maintenance (AIM) federal rule, but each state or state subdivision can enforce stricter limits within their borders. The strictest limits are set by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) in Southern California, but other entities exist. This report thoroughly documents the history of VOC regulation in the United States by collecting, combining, organizing, and summarizing information gathered from various industries and government publications, agency members, and industrial and academic professionals.
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Ndembe, Elvis Mokake. "Offsetting Behavior and the Benefits of Food Safety Policies in Vegetable Preparation and Consumption". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29801.
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Foodbome disease outbreaks have a tremendous impact on society, including foodbome illnesses, hospitalizations, lost work time, and deaths. These food-safety events have a significant influence in shaping consumers' perception of risk. Outbreaks of foodbome illnesses also have an effect on the development of public health policy. Due to these safety-related uncertainties in the food supply chain, various regulatory, safety, and health policies are implemented to decrease harm to potential victims. The total effect of such food-safety policies looked at in terms of reduction of foodbome illness, mortality, and food-related diseases may possibly be smaller than the forecasted effect because of failure to consider offsetting behavior. Attenuation and possibly reversal of the direct policy effect on expected injuries may arise because of offsetting behavior. This study combines both theoretical and empirical models to test the presence of dominant or partial offsetting behavior (OB) in the preparation and consumption of vegetables if a food-safety policy such as the Pathogen Reduction/Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (PR/HACCP) is mandated in the vegetable sector. Our findings indicate that food-safety information that has an effect on outrage and locus of control, both factors which have an effect on consumers' perception of risk, will lead consumers to become lax in response to this food-safety policy.
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Almhmoud, Abdullah. "The laws and regulations related to remuneration practices : a comparative and analytical investigation into legal aspects". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2013939/.
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This research aims to contribute to the analysis of the laws and regulations related to remuneration practices. It is also intends to offer recommendations and solutions to the problem of setting levels and Structures of remuneration in Saudi Arabia, an area which is currently neglected despite its importance. Remuneration is a crucial tool in solving the agency problem between shareholders and managers in public companies where the separation of ownership and control exists by providing incentives. However, in Saudi Arabia this practice shows a tendency towards high fixed remuneration and variable remuneration set without any clear links between this and performance, causing variable remuneration to become another salary. Since inadequate laws and regulation have been found to be at least partially responsible for this state of affairs, solving this problem requires careful analysis of the most important jurisdictions which have developed laws and regulations. Thus, the thesis adopts a comparative legal study of the relevant laws and regulations within a descriptive and analytical framework, presenting a detailed discussion of remuneration regulation in the UK, EU and USA. Moreover, informal discussions have been conducted with individuals in the public sectors of the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA) and the Capital Market Authority (CMA), in order to complement the black letter law analysis of the research, by providing a realistic insight into the nature of the challenges in formulating the policy process in Saudi Arabia. Serious flaws and shortcomings were found in the existing law and regulation regarding remuneration in Saudi Arabia, and recommendations for reform of these are provided.
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Gold, Daniel. "Lobbying Regulation in Canada and the United States: Political Influence, Democratic Norms and Charter Rights". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40908.
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Lobbying should be strictly regulated – that is the major finding of this thesis. The thesis presents many reasons to enact stricter regulations. The principle one being that, as lightly regulated as it is, lobbying is corroding democracy in both Canada and the United States.
The thesis opens with a deep investigation of how lobbying works in both countries. There are examples taken from the literature, as well as original qualitative interviews of Canadian lobbyists, former politicians, and officials. Together, these make it clear that there is an intimate relationship between lobbying and campaign financing. The link between the two is sufficiently tight that lobbying and campaign financing should be considered mirrors of each other for the purposes of regulatory design and constitutional jurisprudence. They both have large impacts on government decision-making. Left lightly regulated, lobbying and campaign financing erode the processes of democracy, damage policy-making, and feed an inequality spiral into plutocracy. These have become major challenges of our time.
The thesis examines the lobbying regulations currently in place. It finds the regulatory systems of both countries wanting. Since stricter regulation is required to protect democracy and equality, the thesis considers what constitutional constraints, if any, would stand in the way. This, primarily, is a study of how proposed stronger lobbying regulations would interact with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 2 (free expression and association rights) and s. 3 (democratic rights). The principal findings are that legislation which restricted lobbying as proposed would probably be upheld by the Canadian court, but struck down by the American court, due to differences in their constitutional jurisprudence. The thesis contends that robust lobbying regulations would align with Canadian Charter values, provide benefits to democracy, improve government decision-making, increase equality, and create more room for citizen voices.
The thesis concludes with a set of proposed principles for lobbying reform and an evaluation of two specific reforms: limits on business lobbying and funding for citizen groups. Although the thesis focuses on Canadian and American lobbying regulations, its lessons are broadly applicable to any jurisdiction that is considering regulating lobbying.
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Garcia, Jennifer. "New healthcare system regulations, same problems : A Study on the Effects of Unattainable Healthcare and a Non-Government Funded Organization in New York City". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-276777.
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Throughout the existence of the United States there have been multiple ways to seek healthcare insurance, and healthcare services and treatment. As the country developed a system in which healthcare was distributed was created. As such, this system has created societal divisions and has caused certain people to be excluded from gaining access to healthcare insurance and treatment. From these divisions, certain stigmas and stereotypes have been created about the type of person that does not have access to healthcare. With certain historical reforms in the U.S. healthcare system being currently implemented, the healthcare system is to change dramatically. However, certain people are still being excluded from gaining access to healthcare insurance and healthcare services. The following thesis, based on research which was conducted from April to July 2014 in the Brooklyn borough of New York City, explores the manner in which recent developments and changes within the healthcare system of the United States inhibits the city’s residents from obtaining basic health care. By focusing on medical encounters, this thesis focuses on how agencies of power retain control of the body, and those that seek access to healthcare. This thesis also explores the opinion of the uninsured patients by those who volunteer at The Coalition of Concerned Medical Professionals, which is an organization that offers free healthcare services while acting as political advocates.
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Evans, Jane Tarbutton. "Signs, shocks, and effects of institutional review processes on qualitative research complexities all the way down /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180486073.
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Straubel, Michael S. "United States' regulation of commercial space activity". Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55691.
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Jensen, Michael C. "Regulation and Energy Poverty in the United States". DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6902.
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Energy poverty is a topic often neglected in the discussion about global climate change. Apocalyptic prophecies about the negative future effects of climate change ignore the suffering of people around the globe whose lives could be drastically improved with access to reliable sources of energy. Though energy poverty from a global perspective is much more serious than energy poverty from a domestic perspective, high home energy bills are a serious cause for concern for many Americans.
This research examines the relationship between regulation, the prices of electricity and natural gas, and the household energy burden, which is the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income. Where the household energy burden exceeds six percent of household income, households are at the brink of living with a high household energy burden. High household energy burdens can become a generational poverty trap, so understanding what contributes to a high household energy burden may help decision makers determine how to proceed when shaping energy-related and poverty-related policy.
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Lanz, Jose I. "Import and export requirements and procedures Venezuela-United States". Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002lanzj.pdf.
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Cech, Paula-Ann. "Information, auditing, and incentives in regulation". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184798.
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This dissertation uses laboratory economic experiments to test the incentive effects of regulatory policies and practices under asymmetric information conditions. Significant results and policy implications are obtained on the traditional use of rate-of-return regulation (RORR) to regulate natural monopolies, and on the practice of restricting such firms from entering ancillary markets. The objective of the first several chapters is to test the incentive effects of RORR on market performance. Results confirm long-standing theories of incentive malfunctions of RORR. One result shows that under voluntary compliance, RORR is completely ineffective for regulating single sellers when cost information is private to firms, allowing them to misrepresent costs and earn monopoly profits. When firm's do not know market demand, they capture less surplus, but still earn above RORR expected returns. When stochastic auditing is added varying penalty rates and audit probabilities, significant cost overestimates remain common. Theoretical analysis explains the potential source of this anomaly as being the use of historical cost information in rate setting when excess profits are used as the audit benchmark. Other results show that in perfect repeated static implementations of RORR, wasteful input use will occur manifested as rate base padding or Averch-Johnson type selection of inefficient input combinations. Another chapter addresses the consequences of deregulating RORR franchise firms allowing them to enter ancillary markets. A stylized model of the telecommunications industry is created and experimentally tested to determine if anti-competitive firm behavior results when entry restrictions are lifted. Results offer no support for the arguments that regulated firms will use monopoly market earnings to underwrite ancillary market operations ("deep pocket"), engage in predatory pricing, or unfair competition. Economic arguments for removing entry barriers to improve market performance (increased output and lower prices) are substantiated.
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Neple, Pernille. "The regulation of mercenary and private security-related activities under South African law compared to other legislations and conventions". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1896.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have become increasingly important actors since the end of the Cold War. They provide a wide range of services and are therefore difficult to classify. Many view them as new front companies for mercenaries, which this thesis argues is not the case. Few states have put in place legislation to deal with the problems caused by these companies, and they are therefore generally not accountable to states. This is problematic because their services are within an area where states have traditionally had monopoly. This thesis studies the new South African legislation, the Prohibition of Mercenary Activities and Regulation of Certain Activities in Country of Armed Conflict Act of 2006, which was put in place in order to ban mercenaries and regulate the services offered by the private military and security companies based in the country. By comparing it to the older South African legislation, the thesis evaluates the extent to which the new legislation has been able to close loopholes inherent in the old legislation. The new South African legislation is also compared to the international conventions which bans mercenaries. By banning these actors, South Africa is very much in line with the international community when it designed the conventions. However, PNSCs are not mercenaries. The thesis then compares the new South African legislation to the domestic regulation in place in the United States of America. It finds that despite having many of the same weaknesses as the South African legislation, it is more likely that the American regulation will be abided by than the South African. This is due to the positive relationship between the US government and American PMSCs, and the fact that the government is a major client of the companies. South Africa does not enjoy the same positive relationship with its companies. Finally, the new South African legislation is compared to the UK Green Paper of 2002, which presented options of how to deal with the companies. The ban on mercenaries put in place by the new South African legislation was discouraged in the Green Paper. The licensing regime (as in the USA) that was proposed by the Green Paper, however, is similar to the authorisation scheme established in South Africa.
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Mullins, Michelle Lee Sykuta Michael. "Regulation and distribution of wine in the United States". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6132.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 17, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Michael E. Sykuta. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hameed, Reeza. "Some comparative aspects of securities regulation in the United Kingdom and United States". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261302.
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Wilkinson, Anthony. "Medical device regulation and litigation: A comparative analysis of Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States of America". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/209677/1/Anthony_Wilkinson_Thesis.pdf.
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Medical devices (e.g., vascular stents and pacemakers) are commonly used in medical procedures but pose significant risk to patients if they do not function as expected. To protect patients, many countries require that medical devices be registered prior to use. However, regulation can limit innovation and restrict access to new products, creating debate on whether reduced regulation and increased litigation could adequately protect patients. This research uses a comparative methodology to examine the risk/regulatory theory that underpins medical device regulation in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States of America and the role litigation plays in these systems.
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Osman, Michael. "Regulation, architecture and modernism in the United States, 1890-1920". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45939.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-256).
This dissertation examines the modernization of the United States through a group of regulatory techniques and institutions that emerged in the early twentieth century. In this period, conceptions of power based on laissez-faire capitalism were giving way to systems of governance that aimed to control the economies of the home, market, nature and labor. Methods of avoiding, delaying, and constraining the uncertainties resulting from the massive economic development of the nation established a new approach to securing its future through the regulation of risk. While predictability and efficiency are often invoked as core principles of modernism, these were in fact ideologies that gained their force through these earlier attempts to manage and forestall risk. The dissertation identifies four cases in which technology and architecture served as critical instruments for the implementation of regulation in the modern interior. The application of thermostatic control of heat for domestic architecture established a norm for room temperature that, through the home economics movement, became a hygienic standard for the modern American home. In cold storage facilities, mechanical refrigeration technologies were employed to regulate the longevity of perishable food. By extending the life of produce, these warehouses served as control centers for distributing the nation's food supply and regulating the futures market that determined their prices.
(cont.) Even more dramatic manipulations of the environment were enacted in ecological laboratories. Packed with control systems, these structures played a crucial role in the development of research that explored the governing dynamics of the economy of nature; they sought to connect the life of organisms to fluctuations in their surrounding environment. In factories, plant owners hired engineers to install production control systems to regulate the relations between machines, men and the market. The techniques devised by these mangers sought to make industry both responsive and resistant to unstable and often unpredictable fluctuations in demand.
by Michael Osman.
Ph.D.
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Bishop, Lou Don. "Definition, Regulation, and Licensure of Paralegals in the United States". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11179.
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This study addresses the paralegal occupation and how it is defined within the context of licensure, control, and regulation in the United States. Drawing upon social theories of the emergence of professions and the concept of degree of professionalization, the author discusses how the organization of occupations into the modern professions has directly influenced governmental regulation. Paralegalism is presented in terms of its status as an emerging occupation. The model of the professional (attorney) regulating the paraprofessional (paralegal) and controlling the legal knowledge base is explored.
The study identifies measures taken by legislatures, courts, and bar associations and reports each state s definition of paralegal, provides the corresponding citation, and advises if mandatory paralegal licensure or certification has been attempted within that state. If attempted, the form of the mandate, licensure or certification, by whom it was attempted, and the status of the action is provided. Primary data sources employed in this qualitative content-analytic study consisted of state legislative and judicial materials. Secondary data sources consisted of selected documents published by professional organizations. The database was constructed using on-line legal resources and data were analyzed within states across the two variables, definition and mandate attempted.
Although attorneys have embraced the concept of the paralegal paraprofessional and various state entities have attempted to define it, the results of this study indicate that there is little evidence of uniformity in form of definition across the states. Paralegals are defined by statute in 7 states, court rule in 9 states, court ruling in 6 states, and bar association in 15 states. Thirteen states have no formal definition. No state has adopted mandatory requirements for paralegals even though formal attempts have been made in four. In three of the four states, the action was proposed as mandatory certification rather than licensure. In each state, the actions were brought by different entities. Discussions for proposals continue in several states.Ph. D.
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Sandvick, Clinton Matthew. "Enforcing Medical Regulation in the United States 1875 to 1915". Thesis, Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7783.
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Decker, Robert Julio. "The political regulation of immigration in the United States, 1894-1924". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2587/.
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This thesis analyzes the role of the Immigration Restriction League in the political regulation of immigration in United States between 1894 and 1924. The League promoted the exclusion of the so-called new immigrants, assumed to be not ‘fully white’ and therefore inferior to Anglo-Saxons. Similar to other progressive movements, the League’s activities included the scientific investigation of a problem, the creation of public awareness and, eventually, the implementation of solution through legislation and government agencies. Based on a wide range of source material, the thesis investigates the IRL’s engagement in the racialization of the new immigrants, its interaction with eugenicists, other progressive reformers and state agencies involved in research on immigrants and border control. The League’s activities are interpreted as a biopolitical and governmental project at the intersection of political self-regulation, the construction of racial identities and the increasing power of the modern nation-state to control and regulate the population. The thesis argues that the IRL can be understood as an example for a changing mode of power in the progressive era that relied on its citizens’ participation in the optimization of the state. Since the League equated the American state with the supposedly superior Anglo-Saxon race, it concentrated on informing other white citizens of the putative racial threat posed by the new immigration. Compiling and interpreting statistical data, the IRL argued that new immigrants were more likely to be criminal, insane or paupers due to inherent racial characteristics. It thus appealed to citizens, educators, scientists, reformers and politicians to engage in the protection from this threat, resulting in stricter border controls, the passage of a literacy test and the establishment of the quota system.
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Lauby, Fanny. "Immigrants Facing Immigration Policy : state Laws Regulating Eligibility for In-State Tuition and Belonging among Latino Immigrant Youth in the United States". Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030055.
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Cette thèse porte sur les nouveaux réseaux d’incorporation politique et sur la mobilisation politique des jeunes immigrés irréguliers de la région de New York et du New Jersey. Son objectif est d’évaluer si les politiques qui ouvrent ou ferment l’accès de ces jeunes aux frais d’inscription à l'université appliqués aux résidents de l'État sont associés à différents niveaux d’appartenance et à différents styles d’organisations politiques. La recherche s’appuie sur les théories relatives à l’incorporation politique et sur un modèle de mobilisation collective lié aux ressources disponibles. Elle emprunte aussi aux théories sur la formulation des politiques publiques qui mettent en lumière le rôle de l’image publique associée à la réforme de l’immigration. L'étude de terrain menée dans l'État de New York et dans le New Jersey permet d’analyser un niveau important de gouvernance qui fait souvent défaut dans le débat sur la réforme de l’immigration. L'approche méthodologique est mixte, combinant des données quantitatives tirées d’une enquête en ligne et des données qualitatives recueillies au cours de soixante entretiens. Les résultats indiquent que les jeunes irréguliers se mobilisent davantage dans les États où la loi crée un contexte de réception plus contraignant et où la coalition de soutien est encore en formation. Les politiques publiques des États influent également sur les ressources nécessaires à la participation politique et civique des jeunes immigrés. Cette thèse souligne l’importance du lieu de résidence dans l’incorporation politique des immigrés aux États-Unis, ainsi que la manière dont l’image associée aux politiques publiques encourage ou dissuade l’engagement politique. Ses résultats aideront le législateur à mieux comprendre les contextes de réception que les politiques publiques créent pour les jeunes immigrésThis dissertation focuses on new paths of immigrant incorporation and on the political mobilization of undocumented youths in the New York-New Jersey area. The goal of this investigation is to assess whether contrasting state laws that either open or restrict eligibility for in-state tuition are associated with different levels of belonging and different styles of organizing among immigrant youths. This research draws from theories on political incorporation and a resource mobilization model of collective action. It also builds on theories of policy design highlighting the role of policy images in immigration reform. The contrasting cases of state-level policy in New York and New Jersey provide for an investigation into an important level of government that has largely been missing from the debate on comprehensive immigration reform. The dissertation relies on an innovative mixed-methods approach, collecting both quantitative data from a survey and qualitative data from sixty in-depth interviews. Results indicate that undocumented youths tend to become mobilized in states which provide more restrictive contexts of reception, and where the coalition of support is still being recruited. However, state laws affecting access to college do shape the availability of political and civic resources for immigrant youths. This dissertation highlights the importance of place in immigrants’ paths of incorporation into the United States, as well as the role of policy narratives in fostering or deterring political engagement. The results will help policymakers better understand the contexts of reception which public policies create for young immigrants
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Prokop, Darren James. "The Canada-United States transborder trucking industry, regulation, competitiveness and cabotage issues". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ35046.pdf.
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Vandegrift, Shia-Lu Chu. "Impact of government regulation on the dairy industry in the United States". Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040601/.
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Nasr, Mohamed M. "The differential impacts of regulation : empirical evidence from the chemical industry". Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262629235.
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BRANDI, JAY THOMAS. "STATE SUBSTANTIVE SECURITIES REGULATION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENCY AT THREE LEVELS OF STRINGENCY (INVESTMENT, RETURNS, RISK)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187973.
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Theoreticians and practitioners consider regulation of the capital marketplace to be an important area of concern due to the potential effects of such regulation on capital resource allocation, investment decision-making, and market efficiency. It is hypothesized that if the level of issue quality required by a state prior to public sale supplies investor benefits, such benefits should take the form of excess returns and/or less variation in return in relation to issues complying with lower standards of quality. The study utilizes an Analysis of Variance and, an analysis of average and cumulative average residuals. Both investigations provide findings that merit regulation is beneficial to new investors increased market efficiency.
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Saleuddin, Rasheed. "The United States Federal Government and the making of modern futures markets, 1920-1936". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267875.
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In 1921, 1924 and 1929-1934, markets for the future delivery of wheat went through periods of extreme volatility and/or significant depression, and in all three cases there were significant and long-lasting changes to both the institutional and regulatory framework of these Chicago-dominated grain markets. There was no real change after these key reforms until 1974, while indeed much of the original regulatory and market innovation remains. The result of the severe depression of 1921 was the Futures Trading Act of 1921. In 1924-25, the so-called ‘Cutten corner’ market turmoil was followed by three key institutional innovations brought about in 1926 by US federal government coercion of the grain futures trading industry in collusion with industry leaders. The Great Depression gave birth to the 1936 Commodity Exchange Act. This Act was based on research done by the government and/or with government-mandated evidence that essentially saw the small grain gambler as needing protection from the grain futures industry, and was pushed through by a coalition of farmers’ organisations and the agency responsible for the 1922 Act’s administration. The government demanded information that was begrudgingly provided, and the studies of this data formed the basis of a political and intellectual justification of the usefulness of futures markets to the marketing of farm products that influenced the Act of 1936 and – more importantly - continues to today. My key thesis is that government worked closely with the futures industry to the extent that the agency was captured by special interests for much of the interwar period, and I claim that government intervention was responsible for the essential changes that assured the dominance of futures markets, with the Chicago Board of Trade as their hub. The lasting institutions created in the 1920s and 1930s continue to immensely influence the financial markets of today, including being incorporated into the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010. My study differs from the accepted account that sees federal regulation as an irrational ‘populist’ attempt at controlling or even banning the markets, with the new institutions developed during the interwar period as the result of effective industry self-regulation in spite of state interference. The findings are based on a theory-driven reading of archives of the Chicago Board of Trade, its regulator the Grain Futures Administration, and the other key government agencies engaging with the grain trade, the USDA, the Federal Farm Board and the Federal Trade Commission. The approach here differs from the accepted accounts in that it is based mostly on my archival work, including the newly reorganised (in 2014) Chicago Board of Trade archive, rather than on public sources such as Congressional hearings and newspaper stories.
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Romagosa, Christina M. Guyer Craig. "United States commerce in live vertebrates patterns and contribution to biological invasions and homogenization /". Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1711.
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Trottman, Bischof Renata. "Regulation of insider trading : problems and solutions in the United States and Switzerland". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59841.
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In this comparative study a broad view of insider trading in the United States and Switzerland will be presented. The goal is to compare the developments in two different nations with different legal traditions.While in the United States a long tradition of literature and cases already exists and a development of cases can be shown, the situation in Switzerland is completely different because the law was enacted only a year ago.
It is the task of this thesis not only to outline the different developments but also to demonstrate the influence the United States had on to the process of legislation in Switzerland.
It may be the price of the internationalization of the capital market that a nation such as Switzerland with some importance in this field is no longer completely free to legislate.
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Mancuso, Richard. "Ethical Considerations Facing the Regulation of Self-Driving Cars in the United States". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1515.
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Self-driving cars are here. Once an advanced technology that seemed futuristic, they are now closer than most believe. Many of the largest automobile manufacturers are working on autonomous vehicle technology of their own. Perhaps most well-known, though, are the cars being developed by Tesla and Google. Both companies have well-developed prototypes of fully autonomous vehicles, meaning they require no human input or supervision, and Tesla has promised widespread, consumer availability of this technology in the next one to two years.
Along with the availability of this technology to the public and transportation companies like Uber and Lyft, comes a need to establish a regulatory environment. Regulators need to contemplate a new, yet complex, technology with far-reaching implications and determine how best to regulate necessary components. In this paper, I plan to explicate and analyze the ethical impact of the proliferation of self-driving cars that regulators should consider when determining how they ought to regulate.
I will do this by first clarifying any technical terms one might need to be familiar with as well as discussing some of the requisite considerations. Then, I plan to explore a some of the pitfalls regulators might be subject to as they navigate the associated complex issues. Finally, I will explain and analyze the likely benefits and potential risks resulting from roadways filled with autonomous vehicles.
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Hunter, Natalie J. "Economic regulation, work relations, and accident rates in the United States motor carrier industry". Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020125/.
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Oya, Kazuo. "The relationship between competition law and telecommunications regulation : a comparative assessment". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80945.
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This thesis seeks to contribute to solving the debate about the framework of rules and institutions applicable to public utility sectors, by adopting both economic theories, such as natural monopoly, network effects, and public goods, and practical analysis of the telecommunications sectors for both Australia and the United States. Governments must reevaluate the framework regulating public utility sectors whenever rapid technological advancements occur. This thesis argues that the antitrust authority better enforces competition rules, and that the sector-specific authority better enforces technical and universal service rules. The justification of the special competition rule concerning bottleneck facilities access should be limited. As for the universal service scheme, the enforcer should ensure competitive neutrality and adopt pro-competitive instruments. This framework would allow for a more market-oriented and economy-wide regulatory administration, as well as enforcement of the universal service scheme based on a more accurate reflection of the fundamental values of citizens.
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Strohm, Christiane Watrin Christoph. "United States and European Union auditor independence regulation implications for regulators and auditing practice /". Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2006. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10231815.
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Gaysunas, Megan. "The United States Financial Crisis of 2007: Where We're Headed Now". University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1418594762.
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Tallarita, Diane. "Does a government's regulation of morals, values, and social norms influence behavior". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1999. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1999.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2963. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-113).