Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects"

Vecoli, Rudolph J. "Italian Immigrants and Working-Class Movements in the United States: A Personal Reflection on Class and Ethnicity". Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 4, nr 1 (9.02.2006): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031067ar.

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Abstract The article argues that the locus of the most interesting and important work in the fields of immigration and labor history lies precisely at the intersection of class and ethnicity. In developing this thesis, particularly with respect to Italian immigrant working-class movements in the United States, the author draws on his experiences as a working-class ethnic and historian as well as his readings of the literature. In the course of his research on Italian immigrants in Chicago, the author stumbled upon the submerged, indeed suppressed, history of the Italian American left. Italian-American working-class history has since been the focus of his work. Since mainstream institutions had neglected the records of this history, the recovery of rich documentation on Italian American radicalism has been a source of particular satisfaction. These movements had also been "forgotten" by the Italian Americans themselves. Despite important work by a handful of American scholars, relatively few Italian American historians have given attention to this dimension of the Italian American experience. Curiously the topic has received more attention from scholars in Italy. Mass emigration as much as revolutionary movements was an expression of the social upheavals of turn-of-the-century Italy. As participants in those events, the immigrants brought more or less inchoate ideas of class and ethnicity to America with them. Here they developed class and ethnic identities as Italian-American workers. The construction of those identities has been a process in which the Italian immigrants have been protagonists, filtering cultural messages through the sieve of their own experiences, memories, and values. Historians of labor and immigration need to plumb the sources of class and ethnic identity more imaginatively and sensitively, recognizing that personal identity is a whole of which class and ethnicity are inseparable aspects. The author calls upon historians to salvage and restore the concepts of class and ethnicity as useful categories of analysis.

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Liu, John M. "The Contours of Asian Professional, Technical and Kindred Work Immigration, 1965–1988". Sociological Perspectives 35, nr 4 (grudzień 1992): 673–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389304.

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This paper examines the nature of Asian professional, technical, and kindred (PTK) immigration to the United States since 1965. While many recent studies have noted the significant increase of Asian PTK immigration since 1965, analyses of who these PTKs are have been lacking. To address this omission, this paper focuses on three aspects of Asian PTK immigration: (1) the conditions underlying emigration from Asia; (2) the occupational composition of Asian PTKs; and (3) the impact of this immigration on understanding Asian American communities. The paper examines the patterns of PTK immigration from the Philippines, three Chinese-speaking regions, India, and Korea. The published reports and public-use data of the United States Naturalization and Immigration Service (1972–1986) are the primary source for this examination. Analysis of specific immigration patterns show the similarities and contrasts embedded in the Asian American experience.

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Varma, Roli. "Changing Borders and Realities: Emigration of Indian Scientists and Engineers to the United States". Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 6, nr 4 (2007): 539–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156914907x253224.

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AbstractInternational migration cannot be viewed as a byproduct of globalization since people have been migrating for centuries. However, globalization has given rise to a new kind of immigration, where a growing variety of interconnected social activities are taking place among technical immigrants at a high speed irrespective of their geographical location. The advent of instant online communication and the ability to share discoveries, inventions, advances, documents, and pictures in real time, as well as safe, easy, and fast travel options have made the traditional notions of borders, immigration, and even assimilation obsolete. This paper looks at how the tenets of immigration under globalization seem to be becoming outmoded as scientific knowledge flows between India and the U.S. It is based on the review of literature on the subject and in-depth interviews conducted in 2002-2004 with 120 Indian scientists and engineers from both countries.

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Gratton, Brian, i Emily Klancher Merchant. "An Immigrant's Tale: The Mexican American Southwest 1850 to 1950". Social Science History 39, nr 4 (2015): 521–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.70.

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Recent scholarship on Mexican Americans in the United States, relying largely on qualitative evidence, sees racism and exploitation as the major explanatory factors in their history. Using representative samples of persons of Mexican origin, we argue that immigration is fundamental to their historical experience. A small, beleaguered community in 1850, the Mexican-origin population grew during the late nineteenth century due to greater security under US jurisdiction. However, immigration between 1900 and 1930 created a Southwest broadly identified with persons of Mexican origin. Economic development in Mexico, restriction of European immigration to the United States, and extreme cross-border wage differentials prompted extensive emigration. Despite low human capital, circular migration, and discrimination, immigrant Mexicans earned substantially higher wages than workers in Mexico or native-born Hispanics in the United States. They followed typical immigrant paths toward urban areas with high wages. Prior to 1930, their marked tendency to repatriate was not “constructed” or compelled by the state or employers, but fit a conventional immigrant strategy. During the Depression, many persons of Mexican origin migrated to Mexico; some were deported or coerced, but others followed this well-established repatriation strategy. The remaining Mexican-origin population, increasingly native born, enjoyed extraordinary socioeconomic gains in the 1940s; upward mobility, their family forms, and rising political activity resembled those of previous immigrant-origin communities. In the same decade, however, the Bracero Program prompted mass illegal immigration and mass deportation, a pattern replicated throughout the late twentieth century. These conditions repeatedly replenished ethnicity and reignited nativism, presenting a challenge not faced by any other immigrant group in US history.

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Ilc Klun, Mojca. "The Importance of Individual Memories of Slovenian Emigrants When Interpreting Slovenian Emigration Processes". Ars & Humanitas 13, nr 1 (20.08.2019): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ah.13.1.174-190.

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Slovenian emigration is often presented with a general overview in which general data and statistical facts prevail, while the individual experiences and memories of Slovenian emigrants are omitted from these descriptions. In the study, which was conducted using a biographical-narrative methodological approach among members of the Slovenian diaspora from the United States of America, Canada and Australia, we were interested in the personal experiences and memories of those who emigrated from Slovenia themselves, or whose ancestors did. Through those life stories and memories, we can illustrate Slovenian emigration processes in such a way that people would better understand global migration processes. In the article we present three real life stories of members of the Slovenian diaspora, their individual memories and perceptions of their place of origin, homeland, the memories of emigration and immigration processes and memories of integration to the new social environments.

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Khramova, Marina N., Abubakr Kh Rakhmonov i Dmitry P. Zorin. "EMIGRATION AND THE RUSSIAN-SPEAKING COMMUNITIES IN THE UNITED STATES: THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE PANDEMIC AND GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS IN 2022". Scientific Review. Series 2. Human sciences, nr 5-6 (2022): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4685-2022-5-6-03.

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The article discusses some aspects of the modern history of emigration from Russia to the United States, the factors and scale of emigration flows. The features of the visa regime between the Russian Federation and the United States in the context of obtaining various types of visas by Russian citizens are analyzed. Some data on the number, structure and distribution of the Russian-speaking population in individual US states are given. It is shown that the emigration sentiments of Russians towards the United States are based on economic, social, and, to some extent, political factors. It is shown that in recent years the number of non-immigrant visas issued to Russians in the United States has significantly decreased. An additional factor in the decline in the number of visas issued was the pandemic, which disrupted the mobility of the population around the world. The situation in Ukraine led to a further cooling of relations between Russia and the United States, including the impact on the attitude towards the Russian-speaking population in the United States by the local population and authorities. There are precedents associated with discrimination against the Russian-speaking population in the United States. Cases of appeals of citizens of the Russian Federation to international human rights organizations for the protection of their rights were recorded. Also, since the beginning of the conflict situation between Russia and Ukraine, a new wave of emigration from Russia to the United States has begun. The US and EU countries have consistently introduced several packages of sanctions against Russia and the Russian leadership, which has led to the withdrawal of many foreign companies from the Russian market. At present, we can only draw preliminary conclusions, but there is reason to believe that among those leaving there are many young professionals who will have to build a life in a new reality for themselves. Therefore, one of the tasks that we set is to investigate the impact of new external factors on the formation of Russian-speaking communities in the United States.

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Portes, Alejandro, i Adrienne Celaya. "Modernization for Emigration: Determinants & Consequences of the Brain Drain". Daedalus 142, nr 3 (lipiec 2013): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00226.

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This essay reviews existing theories of professional emigration as background to examine the present situation. Classical theories of the brain drain neglected the possibility that immigrant professionals would return to their home countries and make significant investments and economic contributions there. They do, in fact, with beneficial consequences for the development of these countries. The advent of the transnational perspective in the field of immigration has helped clarify these dynamics, while identifying the conditions under which professional cyclical returns and knowledge transfers can take place. Implications for the future attraction of foreign professionals by the United States and other advanced countries are discussed.

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Lee, Rennie. "Gendered Pathways: Employment Behavior among Family-Based and Skill-Based Immigrants in the United States". Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 8 (styczeń 2022): 237802312211443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23780231221144354.

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The United States is the only country to admit the majority of its immigrants on the basis of kinship ties. Although policy makers typically view family migration as less favorable and assume that family immigrants do not contribute to the U.S. economy, this argument is oversimplified and ignores the role of gender and the various ways that family immigration works. This study captures the multiple aspects of immigrants’ entry visas and its intersection with gender to examine the employment behavior of college-educated immigrant men and women who arrived in the United States via several family-based and skill-based categories. Using nationally representative data from 2010, 2013, and 2015 National Survey of College Graduates, the author finds that immigrants’ initial entry pathways into the United States continue to stratify their employment behavior and trajectories, especially for immigrant women. The conditions of family-sponsored immigration matter; temporary migration as a spouse is negatively associated with immigrant women’s employment but not permanent family migration.

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Flores-Yeffal, Nadia Y., i Karen A. Pren. "Predicting Unauthorized Salvadoran Migrants’ First Migration to the United States between 1965 and 2007". Journal on Migration and Human Security 6, nr 2 (czerwiec 2018): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331502418765404.

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Although Salvadoran emigration to the United States is one of the most important migratory flows emanating from Latin America, there is insufficient information about the predictors of first unauthorized migration from El Salvador to the United States. In this study, we use data from the Latin American Migration Project–El Salvador (LAMP-ELS4) to perform an event history analysis to discern the factors that influenced the likelihood that a Salvadoran household head would take a first unauthorized trip to the United States between 1965 and 2007. We take into account a series of demographic, social capital, human capital, and physical capital characteristics of the Salvadoran household head; demographic and social context variables in the place of origin; as well as economic and border security factors at the place of destination. Our findings suggest that an increase in the Salvadoran civil violence index and a personal economic crisis increased the likelihood of first-time unauthorized migration. Salvadorans who were less likely to take a first unauthorized trip were business owners, those employed in skilled occupations, and persons with more years of experience in the labor force. Contextual variables in the United States, such as a high unemployment rate and an increase in the Border Patrol budget, deterred the decision to take a first unauthorized trip. Finally, social capital had no effect on the decision to migrate; this means that for unauthorized Salvadoran migrants, having contacts in the United States is not the main driver to start a migration journey to the United States. We suggest as policy recommendations that the United States should award Salvadorans more work-related visas or asylum protection. For those Salvadorans whose Temporary Protected Status (TPS) has ended, the United States should allow them to apply for permanent residency. The decision not to continue to extend TPS to Salvadorans will only increase the number of unauthorized immigrants in the United States. The United States needs to revise its current immigration policies, which make it a very difficult and/or extremely lengthy process for Salvadorans and other immigrants to regularize their current immigration status in the United States. Furthermore, because of our research findings, we recommend that the Salvadoran government — to discourage out-migration — invest in high-skilled job training and also offer training and credit opportunities to its population to encourage business ventures.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects"

Borja, Ruena, i Ana Brunes. "A critical look at immigrants who could have been disqualified from supplemental security income as a result of welfare reform". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1808.

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Cary, Nathan Jess. "Bosnian Immigrants: An Analysis of the Bosnian Community's Influence on the Cultural Landscape of Bowling Green, KY". TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1235.

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Diasporas have been occurring for thousands of years, and today globalization has facilitated the quick rate at which diasporas occur on a global scale. Diasporas entail the mass movement of refugees across international borders, and diasporic peoples today now find themselves journeying across oceans and continents to the safety of host cities in a matter of weeks or days. My research analyzes the effects that Bosnian immigrants have had on the cultural landscape of Bowling Green, Kentucky. When people move, they bring their cultures with them, and this type of cultural diffusion impacts the landscape of the host cities. As geographic research on diasporas is limited, this study aims to fill the gap that exists. Bowling Green, Kentucky, was selected for this analysis due to its large refugee population. Some of Bowling Green’s refugee population is comprised of immigrants from Iraq, Burma, Cambodia, and Sudan. Bosnians comprise the largest population of refugees in the city. In addition to examining immigrant policies and theories, the impacts of the Bosnian diaspora on Bowling Green’s cultural landscape will also be identified. Understanding how those cultures modify landscapes is an important part of diasporic research. The data used for this study were acquired through surveys, census details, telephone directories, interviews, and the extant literature. The hypothesis of this study is that Bosnian immigrants have a stronger visual impact on Bowling Green’s cultural landscape than other immigrant ethnic groups due to their large representation in the city.

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Romero, Valenzuela Luis A. "International Worker Cultural Adaptation: A Qualitative Study". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5468.

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International workers are a vulnerable population within the hospitality industry. Their challenges, and needs have an impact on productivity, loyalty and satisfaction of international workers towards the organizations that employ them. The social and cultural impacts of labor migration are felt in their new environment by both domestic and immigrant populations. It is important to understand international workers' acculturation process in order to provide them with tools necessary to succeed; it is also important to create responsible practices that translate into positive migration outcomes for both domestic and foreign populations. This study collected data on the motivations, processes, challenges, and alternatives experienced by international workers when relocating to the United States. It documents the cultural adaptation process followed by international workers laboring in the hospitality industry, and based on the data collected from interviewers' responses, it creates new constructs intended to assist hospitality organizations in their operations. By providing tools to support international workers in the acculturation process, and by providing new understandings of the cultural adaptation process undertaken by international workers when relocating, it is plausible to convert a challenge and limitation into an opportunity for hospitality organizations to create value out of their international human capital.
ID: 031001425; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Youcheng Wang.; Title from PDF title page (viewed June 19, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-97).
M.S.
Masters
Hospitality Services
Hospitality Management
Hospitality and Tourism Management

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Kawano, Yukio. "Social determinants of immigrant selection on earnings and educational attainments in the United States, Canada and Australia, 1980-1990". Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068173.

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Toussaint, Nicole G. "The Metropolitan Dimensions of United States Immigration Policy: A Theoretical and Comparative Analysis". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1065.

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Municipal unauthorized immigration policy, as an area of study, is underexplored. The literature is in the early stages of development, and little specific theory to guide research exists. To advance this emerging field, my study addresses two questions. First, what unauthorized immigration policies do local governments pursue, under what circumstances, and for what reasons? Second, what explains city-to-city variation in municipal responsiveness to the policy preferences and interests of residents without legal status? The dissertation also presents a typology of municipal responsiveness to unauthorized immigrants, based on my exploratory research. To explain intercity differences in the policy processes and choices of local government, I explore three possible explanations--Hero's (1998) social diversity thesis, urban regime theory, and political culture and policy entrepreneurship. My study engages these theoretical ideas with the findings of a comparative case study of three mid-size, reemerging gateway cities: Sacramento, California; Denver, Colorado; and Portland, Oregon. I explore whether associations between local factors and municipal unauthorized immigration policy emerge in the recent history of the three case cities. Analysis of data gleaned from document study suggests that political culture, as expressed through entrepreneurial political leaders, has been important in shaping regime development and subsequent policy action on unauthorized immigration, while differences in the ethnoracial structure of cities accounts for variation in policy approach.

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Tsai, Jenny Hsin-Chun. "One story, two interpretations : the lived experiences of Taiwanese immigrant families in the United States /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7197.

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Ntwiga, Dickson Mugendi David Hayes Mike. "Protection against domestic violence in asylum law in the united states : problems of defining membership in a particular social group /". Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd396/4437502.pdf.

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Mobley-VanHeerde, Jennifer. "The influence of congressional voting blocs on immigration reform: The Immigration Reform and Control Act, 1986". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1496.

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Salami, Kate. "The role of religion in acculturation of Nigerian immigrants in the United States". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2293.

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Religion plays a role in acculturating Nigerian immigrants into American society through networking and through belief systems that inculcate in Nigerian social and cultural norms practiced in the United States.

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Foxen, Patricia. "K'iche' Maya in a re-imagined world : transnational perspectives on identity". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38191.

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Over the past two decades, large-scale transnational migrations between Central America and the United States have had a significant impact upon both home and host societies. In Guatemala, cross-border movement was spawned by the brutal civil war that devastated many indigenous communities in the early 1980s. Over time, this flow resulted in the formation of complex transnational networks and identities that span home and host locations. This thesis examines the manners in which a community of K'iche' Indians straddled between the highlands of El Quiche, Guatemala and an industrial New England city have responded to the deterritorialization caused by the confluence of violence and displacement. It describes, on the one hand, the context of post-war reconstruction in El Quiche, which is shaped by a fragile institutional peace process and an emerging ethnopolitical movement that emphasizes a pan-Maya identity. On the other hand, it depicts an inner-city space in the US where K'iche' labor migrants lead hidden, marginal lives, seeking to obscure any overt form of collective organization or identity. By examining the flows of people, money, commodities and symbols between these contrasting environments, the thesis shows how K'iche's in both communities maintain concrete and imaginary connections with each other despite the many ruptures caused by violence and dislocation. The thesis also teases out the manners in which today's cross-border movements, which involve ever larger distances, absences, and cash inflows, are both inscribed in, and differ from, previous local strategies of, and discourses on, internal movement and migration within Guatemala, which have long formed part of K'iche' culture. Specifically, it shows how K'iche's draw on their "mobile" past in order to maintain a sense of continuity in the present and elaborate viable identities and strategies for the future. Overall, the thesis argues that the multiplicity of strategies and discourses developed b

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Książki na temat "United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects"

Víctor, Zúñiga, i Hernández-León Rubén, red. New destinations: Mexican immigration in the United States. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2005.

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Bouvier, Leon F. Peaceful invasions: Immigration and changing America. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1992.

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Bouvier, Leon F. Peaceful invasions: Immigration and changing America. Washington, D.C: Center for Immigration Studies, 1991.

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Goodis, Tracy Ann. Adaptation processes of recent immigrants to the United States: A review of demographic and social aspects. Washington, D.C. (2100 M St., N.W., Washington 20037): Urban Institute, 1986.

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1944-, Gerber David A., i Kraut Alan M, red. American immigration and ethnicity: A reader. New York: Palgrave [distributor], 2005.

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Lindsey, Grant, red. How many Americans?: Population, immigration and the environment. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1994.

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Legrain, Philippe. Immigrants: Your country needs them. London: Little, Brown, 2006.

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D, Bean Frank, red. The diversity paradox: Immigration and the color line in 21st century America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2010.

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Mendoza, Louis Gerard. Conversations across our America: Talking about immigration and the Latinoization of the United States. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012.

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1945-, Cornelius Wayne A., Fitzgerald David 1972-, Lewin F. Pedro i University of California, San Diego. Center for Comparative Immigration Studies, red. Mayan journeys: U.S.-bound migration from a new sending community. La Jolla, Calif: Center For Comparative Immigration Studies, UCSD, 2007.

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Części książek na temat "United States – Emigration and immigration – Social aspects"

Vintila, Daniela, i Jean-Michel Lafleur. "The Immigration-Emigration Nexus in Non-EU Sending States: A Focus on Welfare Entitlements, Consular Services, and Diaspora Policies". W IMISCOE Research Series, 1–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_1.

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AbstractMigrants’ access to social benefits has been intensively studied in the European Union, but less scholarly attention has been dedicated to the way in which non-EU welfare regimes adapt to international mobility. This chapter introduces a volume that aims to address this research gap by taking the perspective of non-EU states on migrant social protection. To do so, our analysis focuses on 13 countries: Argentina, China, Ecuador, India, Lebanon, Morocco, Serbia, Senegal, Switzerland, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, Tunisia, and Turkey. These countries represent relevant sending states for migrants coming to the EU, with some of them also hosting sizeable immigrant populations. We argue that their different migration characteristics (including the size and main features of their immigrant and diaspora populations) as well as the peculiarity of their welfare regimes (which often followed a quite distinctive historical path of development compared to their EU counterparts) may shape their responsiveness in terms of ensuring migrants’ access to domestic welfare systems.

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Lindgren-Gibson, Alexandra. "Empire, migration, and immigration". W Routledge Historical Resources - 19th Century British Society. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367030278-hobs30-1.

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In a century marked by mass European migrations, the largest number of people leaving Europe left from Britain. British migration in the nineteenth century took a number of forms: internal migration within the British Isles, emigration to the United States and to British settler colonies, and movement throughout the British Empire, under the auspices of the military or colonial administration. This essay covers the forces that compelled people to migrate, the history of Irish and Scottish migrants, the draw of settler colonies, the role of empire in moving Britons and other imperial subjects around the globe, soldiers and workers in histories of nineteenth-century mobility, and migration as punishment and social control. It also considers the history and motivations of return migrants, arguing that migration was seldom a straightforward journey from one location to another.

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Chiswick, Barry R., i Teresa A. Sullivan. "The New Immigrants: Immigration and the USA**". W European Migration What Do We Know?, 507–72. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199257355.003.0014.

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Abstract From the colonial period to the present, and we can expect far into the future, immigration has posed persistent economic, social, and political issues for the United States. The nature of the concerns may change over time, but the issue is seldom far from America’s consciousness. Three themes emerge sharply in an analysis of immigrants in recent decades. Immigration has played a vital role in the development of the American population, society, and economy. Since the start of recordkeeping in 1820, over 60 million people have immigrated legally to the United States. The total number since 1820 is even larger because the early data do not include those crossing the land borders with Canada and Mexico, and the data do not include illegal immigrants. Not all immigrants remained in the United States permanently, but without reliable data on emigration, it is difficult to estimate how many returned to their countries of origin.

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Sánchez, Margarita María. "Thinking Transnationally". W Immigration and the Current Social, Political, and Economic Climate, 165–85. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6918-3.ch009.

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Wagner College is participating in a ground-breaking project that brings migrant families together after years of separation. This project has been not only inspirational for both faculty members and students, but is also a great opportunity to learn about forced migration and alternatives to keep families together. The “Transnational Project: San Jerónimo Xayacatlán-Port Richmond” was created to connect communities in both the United States and Mexico and to preserve their cultural identities that have been threatened by forced migration. In this chapter, I would like to present the project focusing on three aspects: the history of the project, the individual stories of members who migrated and of those who stayed in their homeland, and the impact of this educational opportunity in the classroom. I will use a series of interviews with the members of Ñani Migrante (the group formed by the members of both the San Jerónimo and the Port Richmond communities), the presentations of both panels that took place at Wagner College, and the reflections of students who attended them.

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Reed-Sandoval, Amy. "Socially Undocumented Horizons". W Socially Undocumented, 127–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190619800.003.0006.

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This chapter completes the argument that “being socially undocumented” entails having a real, visible social identity by exploring possible aspects of a socially undocumented interpretive horizon. It argues that the socially undocumented interpretive horizon can be characterized in terms of resistance to a “double bind” in which socially undocumented people often find themselves. On the one hand, they often have no choice but to perform under-valued labor in the United States; failure to do so could very literally result in starvation and death. On the other hand, socially undocumented people with and without legal authorization to be in the United States are “read” as “illegals,” and subjected to demeaning, immigration-related constraints, on the very basis of performing and being associated with such labor. They are, then, faced with two highly constraining options. This chapter explores ways in which socially undocumented people take innovative action to respond to this double bind.

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