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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Matray, James I. "“Potsdam Revisited: Prelude to a Divided Korea”." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 24, no. 2-3 (2017): 259–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-02402012.
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Scholarly debate about the reasons for Korea’s division at the 38th parallel in August 1945 has not been particularly intense. Early historical accounts accepted the u.s. government’s claim that the United States and the Soviet Union made a hasty decision to partition the country as a matter of military convenience to coordinate the acceptance of the surrender of Japanese forces at the end of World War ii. By the early 1980s, however, new research had established that President Harry S. Truman planned to occupy all of Korea after using the atomic bomb, which was designed to force Japan’s surrender before the Soviet Union entered the Pacific War. But when Premier Joseph Stalin sent the Red Army into Korea, Truman proposed dividing Korea to prevent the Soviets from imposing Communist rule on the entire nation. Recently, some South Korean scholars have challenged this interpretation. Relying on new research, they contend that during the Potsdam Conference, u.s. and Soviet officials negotiated a secret agreement to divide Korea at the 38th parallel. This research note examines Won Bom Lee’s article making this argument, showing how it lacks evidentiary support to overturn the standard explanation for Korea’s division.
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Magoon, Orville T., Donald D. Treadwell, and Paul S. Atwood. "JETTIES AT BODEGA HARBOR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (2011): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.52.
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To create and maintain a navigable entrance for small craft between the Pacific Ocean and the natural lagoon now referred to as Bodega Harbor, the construction of two rubble-mound jetties and the associated dredging of interior channels were authorized by the United States Congress in the late 1930s. The jetties were built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in the early 1940s. Elements of the planning, design, construction, monitoring, and maintenance of the jetties are discussed herein.
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Gonzalez, BSc, Anthony R., and Samuel H. Amber, PhD. "Recent field experiments with commercial satellite imagery direct downlink." Journal of Emergency Management 15, no. 1 (2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2017.0313.
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US Pacific Command's strategy includes assistance to United States government relief agencies and nongovernment organizations during humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations in the Asia-Pacific region. Situational awareness during these operations is enhanced by broad interagency access to unclassified commercial satellite imagery. The Remote Ground Terminal—a mobile satellite downlink ground station—has undergone several technology demonstrations and participated in an overseas deployment exercise focused on a natural disaster scenario. This ground station has received new commercial imagery within 20 minutes, hastening a normally days-long process. The Army Geospatial Center continues to manage technology development and product improvement for the Remote Ground Terminal. Furthermore, this ground station is now on a technology transition path into the Distributed Common Ground System-Army program of record.
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Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan. "Warriors of Word and Sword." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 23, no. 4 (2016): 334–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-02303001.
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The Battle of Okinawa was the last major ground battle of World War ii. The Tenth u.s. Army that invaded this small piece of Japan was a unique force composed of units from the u.s. Army and others from the u.s. Marine Corps. Much historical literature has focused on the different approaches to ground combat of the two armed services, but they also employed very different policies towards support of the news media. The u.s. Marines were much more supportive than the u.s. Army. The two different policies and styles of news coverage that reporters employed led to coverage favoring the u.s. Marines. Reporting suggested that u.s. Marine procedures were less costly in lives and created enormous concern in the United States about casualty rates, motivating President Harry S. Truman to hold an Oval Office meeting to re-think strategy in the Pacific theater. It would be wrong, though, to argue that the media altered the course of the war. Truman asked hard probing questions about the direction of the war, but General of the Army George C. Marshall acted to ensure that the United States stayed on its current strategic path.
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Whiting, Daniel. "MEXUSPAC: MEXICO/U.S. PACIFIC REGIONAL RESPONSE COORDINATION TEAM1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (1995): 959–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-959.
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ABSTRACT The Agreement of Cooperation Between the United States of America and the United Mexican States Regarding Pollution of the Marine Environment by Discharges of Hydrocarbons and other Hazardous Substances, signed in Mexico City in 1980, provides a framework for cooperation in response to pollution incidents that pose a threat to the waters of both countries. Under this agreement, MEXUSPAC organizes Mexican and U.S. response agencies to plan for and respond to pollution emergencies in the marine environment. The MEXUSPAC contingency plan designates the commandant of the Mexican Second Naval Zone and the chief of the U.S. Coast Guard 11th District Marine Safety Division as the MEXUSPAC Cochairmen, and defines on-scene commanders, joint operations centers, and communications protocols that would be needed to coordinate the response to pollution incidents affecting both countries.
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Beaver, Daniel R. "The United States Army Second Division Northwest of Chateau Thierry in World War One (review)." Journal of Military History 71, no. 1 (2007): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.2007.0003.
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Popov, Grigorij. "Japan vs the United States (1941—1945). People and Machines." ISTORIYA 12, no. 12-2 (110) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015908-7.
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The authors study the military potential of the Japanese Empire and its changes during the Pacific War in order to understand the role of the Pacific Theater of Operations in World War II. In this regard, the authors basing on the losses suffered by Japan on various fronts define the role of the USSR in the defeat of militaristic Japan. They argue that the contribution of the USSR to the victory of the Anti-Hitler coalition in Asia consists mainly in shackling significant forces of the Japanese army in Manchuria and Korea until the end of the summer of 1945, which did not allow the Japanese military to win to a large extent in the southwestern provinces of China, thereby ensuring direct communication with Burma. As for the defeat of the Japanese Air Force, which was the main striking force of Japanese militarism, there was a decisive contribution of the United States, whose Air Force also caused significant damage to Japanese industry by the summer of 1945 with strategic bombing. In this regard, the authors question the need for atomic bombing, which accelerated the surrender of Japan, but did not make it, as the authors prove, inevitable. The authors see the main reason for Japan's defeat in the strategy of its High command, putting the economy in second place. The Japanese admirals exaggerated the capabilities of carrier-based aircraft too much, which became a fatal factor for Japan in the Pacific war. The authors also claim that the actions of the Allied troops in Burma played a significant role in the defeat of Japan.
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Wu, Yanbin. "Implementation of Indo-Pacific military policy in North-East Asia and China's response." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 3 (2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120019371-9.
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This article examines the current structure of US military forces in Japan and South Korea and the implementation of the Indo-Pacific military policy of the United States in Northeast Asia, and briefly describes China's response to the Indo-Pacific military policy of the United States. Since the Second World War, the US has had huge national interests in Northeast Asia, and the region is one of the main areas in which the US promotes its democratic values and concentrates its military and strategic planning. In recent years, as China's military modernization has accelerated, the People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) has become increasingly active in East Asia and the Western Pacific. The rapid rise of mainland China is being felt by the US and is one of the main reasons why the US has shifted its attention to the Asia-Pacific region in the second half of the Obama administration's presidential term. The Indo-Pacific strategy is an important component of the US security strategy formally proposed by the Trump administration, and its effectiveness in Northeast Asia will largely determine the continuity and success of US strategy in the Indo-Pacific. The concrete implementation of US military policy in the Indo-Pacific region will inevitably affect the security situation in the region, change relations between countries in the region, and will also have an important impact on the future political landscape of the world.
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Cole, George F., and I. Ridgway Davis. "Fred Kort." PS: Political Science & Politics 37, no. 4 (2004): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096504045354.
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Fred Kort, professor emeritus at the University of Connecticut, passed away at the age of 85 on July 17, 2004, after a long battle with cancer. Born in Vienna, Fred witnessed the rise of the Nazis and was a student of law at the University of Vienna until 1938 when Jewish students were expelled. As a result, Fred emigrated to the United States in 1939. In 1942 he volunteered for the U.S. Army and returned to Europe with the 11th Armored Division, fought in the Battle of the Bulge and other engagements, and eventually was stationed in Vienna. Upon his return to the United States, Fred enrolled at Northwestern University in 1946, earning his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. in four years. He joined the department of political science at the University of Connecticut in 1950 and taught for 40 years, retiring in 1990.
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Maclellan, Nic. "From Fiji to Fallujah: The war on Iraq and the privatisation of Pacific security." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 12, no. 2 (2006): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v12i2.862.
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Since the invasion of Iraq in 2003, private security companies from the United Kingdom and United States have been seeking personnel for their operations in the Middle East, and many hundreds of Fijians have signed up. The privatisation of security, a growing trend in the Middle East and Africa, has reached the shores of the South Pacific and governments have little control over former army personnel employed by private military contractors. This article documents the recruitment of Fijian military personnel for service in Iraq and Kuwait, and the casualties that they have faced. The engagement of former military personnel as private military contractors has spilt over into the Pacific as well—from the 1997 Sandline crisis to current events in Bougainville. Since November 2005, the governments of Fiji, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands have tried to resolve a crisis caused by the presence of former Fijian soldiers in Bougainville.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Ippolito, Andrea K. (Andrea Katherine). "Architecting the future telebehavioral health system of care in the United States Army." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79523.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-159).<br>Charged by the Chairman of the Joints Chief of Staff, the authors were members of a study to develop innovative recommendations for transforming the military enterprise to better manage post-traumatic stress and related conditions in support of service members and their families. The authors first began their study by performing a stakeholder analysis to understand the unmet needs of stakeholders across the enterprise. By assessing stakeholder values across the life cycle, we found that there was a strong need to improve the continuity of care and accessibility of services for service members and their families, in particular for the Reserve Component and National Guard population. Therefore, the authors investigated the role of technology to serve as a force extender to improve access and timeliness of care to psychological health care services. Specifically, they utilized a systems approach to evaluate the current state of telehealth within the Military Health System. By utilizing the enterprise lenses of strategy, policy, organization, services, processes, infrastructure, and knowledge to analyze the current state of telebehavioral health, they proposed a future state architecture for telehealth delivery. They highlight seven enterprise requirements for developing this future state architecture: 1. MEDCOM shall establish a core funding stream as a line item to support TH service line. 2. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall develop standard TBH metrics for deployment across the enterprise 3. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall identify eligible populations across the enterprise that could benefit from the expanded access that TBH services provide. 4. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall develop an enterprise solution that supports seamless flow of operational information and the electronic health record. 5. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall revisit specific policies that are presenting barriers to telehealth growth and sustainability. 6. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall encourage learning and best practice sharing across the Army TH enterprise. 7. MEDCOM Telehealth Service line shall collaborate with other Army governance organizations to develop a mobile health strategy and pilot projects for the Army enterprise.<br>by Andrea K. Ippolito.<br>S.M.
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Hricik, Laurel Brooke. "AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY PACIFIC SOUTHWEST REGION WASTE MANAGEMENT DIVISION." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1200069965.
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Sapol, Stephen J. (Stephen John). "A systems approach to leadership and soldier health and discipline in the United States Army." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111288.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 118-121).<br>The United States Army is entering a period of strategic reset after more than a decade of intense combat operations. One of the most critical areas of this reset is ensuring the health and discipline of the force remains intact. There are factors, both health and discipline, which drive high-risk behaviors by soldiers. Therefore it is critical to understand if the system is adequately structured in order adequately prepare leaders to not only ensure soldiers complete their work functions, but also maintain a healthy personal life. Leadership and solder welfare systems are the primary drivers of this research. The research explores how leaders ensure soldier well-being in a garrison environment and identifies some of the structural causes for the difficulties in achieving this. It attempts to holistically analyze both how the system is designed, but also its implementation and the properties which emerge from it. The research first outlines Army doctrine to establish the baseline for how the Army operates. Next, it identifies a series of policies and processes which relate directly to soldier welfare to identify the structure in which leaders operate. At the same time this develops the framework to identify how the system operates through a series of interviews with leaders at the company level in order identify the perspective of leaders at the company level and some of the emergent behaviors which evolve from the design of the system. In conclusion, this research determines that a multi-leveled approach must be taken. Senior leaders must ensure the system is designed to foster the development of leaders and provides flexibility to these leaders. Leaders at the company level must not only prioritize short-term operational goals, but also invest in people for the long-term viability of the Army.<br>by Stephen J. Sapol.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Strom, Eric N. "Space support for the warfighter determining the best way to provide space capabilities at the Army division and brigade levels." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FStrom.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Space Systems Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Racoosin, Charles. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Space Support Element (SSE), Army Space Support Team (ARSST), Functional Area 40 (FA40), tactical space operations, division, Brigade Combat Team (BCT), personnel distribution. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-76). Also available in print.
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Gottfried, Corbett S. "U.S. Military Intelligence in Mexico, 1917-1927: An Analysis." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4960.
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The Military Intelligence Division (MID) was the U.S. Army's intelligence agency that reported to the Chief of Staff within the War Department. During the years 1917- 1927, the MID routinely conducted surveillance of Mexico, including: espionage, mail censorship, radio intercepts, intelligence gathering, and development of plans for the invasion of Mexico. This study utilizes a tripartite model to evaluate the production and analysis of military "intelligence" by the MID in Mexico during the period 1917-1927. First, the organization and development of the Military Intelligence Division from its origins in 1885 through the year 1927 is explored with sections on institutional history and objects of investigation. Second, a quantitative analysis of intelligence documents identifies the focus and priorities of the MID in Mexico. Third, a textual analysis of intelligence documents makes use of a cross-cultural framework to demonstrate the prevailing attitudes, perspectives and world views of the MID toward the Mexican state and its peoples. The thesis question as to whether the U.S. Military Intelligence Division created an accurate and complete picture of "reality" of Mexico is answered in the negative. The MID perspective was colored by cultural bias, ignorance, and misunderstanding. Ultimately, the MID failed to grasp the reality of Mexico because it failed to ask the right questions. It seriously misunderstood the nature of Mexico and its peoples, especially in its relationship with the United States .. The particular model developed for this study lends itself to the possibility of further research in the area of international history and cross-cultural studies. The use of multiple analysis techniques provides a more comprehensive picture of the various factors involved that influence historical events.
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Hegi, Benjamin P. "Extermination Warfare? The Conduct of the Second Marine Division at Saipan." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6098/.
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Historians John W. Dower, Craig Cameron, and Ronald Takaki argue that the Pacific War was a war of extermination fueled by race hate. Therefore, the clash between the military forces of the Japanese Empire and United States of America yielded a "kill or be killed" environment across the battlefields of the Pacific. This work examines the conduct of the Second Marine Division during its campaign of conquest against the Japanese held island of Saipan from June 15, 1944-July 9, 1944. It is based upon traditional military history sources to test their theories in context of the conduct of Marines toward Japanese soldiers and civilians during the Saipan campaign. Did Marines practice a war of extermination or conduct themselves in a humane manner?
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Flaig, Steven. "Clarence R. Huebner: An American Military Story of Achievement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5281/.
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In the eyes of the American public excellence is often overshadowed by brilliance of personality. This is particularly true in the portrayal of many of the country's military leaders in World War II. A prime example of this phenomenon is Douglas MacArthur, whose larger than life persona made him a newspaper fixture during the war despite a series of strategic and tactical blunders that would have led to the sacking of a less visible (and publicly popular) leader. At the level of divisional commanders, this triumph of brilliance over excellence is best exemplified by the two primary leaders of the country's 1st Infantry Division, Terry de la Mesa Allen and Clarence R. Huebner. One was a hard-drinking, swashbuckling leader who led by almost the sheer force of his personality; the other, a plain spoken, demanding officer who believed that organization, planning and attention to detail were the keys to superior battlefield performance. The leadership differences between Allen and Huebner have been documented in multiple publications. What has not been documented is the life of the truly overshadowed general - Huebner. Huebner's transition to the leadership of the 1st Infantry Division (1st ID) constitute only a small period in a military career that spans almost fifty years and two world wars. Huebner's story is cyclic in that throughout his life, his actions regularly complete a full circle with a return to key organizations, areas or relationships from where they started. In many respects, Huebner's story parallels the 20th century biography of the army itself. His is an American military story. This thesis is focused on Huebner's life in the years prior to the 1st ID's landing at Omaha Beach.
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Givens, Adam Thomas. "The Air Close to the Trees: Evolution and Innovation in U.S. Army Assault Helicopter Units during the Vietnam War." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1308154880.
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Ball, Gregory W. "Soldier Boys of Texas: The Seventh Texas Infantry in World War I." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30433/.
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This study first offers a political, social, and economic overview of Texas during the first two decades of the twentieth century, including reaction in the Lone Star state to the declaration of war against Germany in April, 1917; the fear of saboteurs and foreign-born citizens; and the debate on raising a wartime army through a draft or by volunteerism. Then, focusing in-depth on northwest Texas, the study examines the Texas National Guard unit recruited there, the Seventh Texas Infantry Regiment. Using primarily the selective service registration cards of a sample of 1,096 members of the regiment, this study presents a portrait of the officers and enlisted soldiers of the Seventh Texas based on age, occupation, marital status, dependents and other criteria, something that has not been done in studies of World War I soldiers. Next, the regiment's training at Camp Bowie, near Fort Worth, Texas, is described, including the combining of the Seventh Texas with the First Oklahoma Infantry to form the 142nd Infantry Regiment of the Thirty-Sixth Division. After traveling to France and undergoing nearly two months of training, the regiment was assigned to the French Fourth Army in the Champagne region and went into combat for the first time. The study examines the combat experiences of these soldiers from northwest Texas and how they described and expressed their experiences to their families and friends after the armistice of November 11, 1918. The study concludes with an examination of how the local communities of northwest Texas celebrated the armistice, and how they welcomed home their "soldier boys" in the summer of 1919. This study also charts the changing nature of the Armistice Day celebrations and veteran reunions in Texas as time passed, as well as the later lives of some of the officers and men who served with the regiment.
Książki na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Reed, Mary E. A history of the North Pacific Division. The Division, 1991.
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Daniel, Van Zyle, ed. Pacific Ocean engineers: History of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the Pacific, 1905-1980. U.S. G.P.O.?, 1985.
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Pray, Gary J. Purple heart in the Pacific: A combat chronicle, C Company 21st RCT, 24th Infantry Division. Gary J. Pray, 2001.
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Wilson, Paul C. The sunset war: The 41st Infantry Division in the South Pacific. 1stBooks, 2003.
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Barber, Bruce T. Sgt. Bruce T. Barber, 42021364: A journey to the Pacific, the 41st infantry division. Bruce T. Barber, 2010.
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With the 41st Division in the Southwest Pacific: A foot soldier's story. Indiana University Press, 2002.
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Heatley, Lawrence G. Breathes there a soldier: The World War II memoir of Robert F. Heatley : stateside training and Pacific Theater combat, 1942-1946. Writers Club Press, 2001.
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B, H. Bradley Benedict. Ski troops in the mud: Kiska Island recaptured : an account of the North Pacific campaign in the Aleutian Islands in World War II, with special emphasis on its culmination led by the forerunners of the 10th Mountain Division. 2nd ed. H.B. Benedict, 1995.
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Case, Gerard Ramon. Operation Borneo: The last, untold story of the War in the Pacific, 1945 : the story of the 593rd Engineer Boat & Shore Regiment. Arthur House, 2004.
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United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Pacific Ocean Division. Leadership development program. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Pacific Ocean Division, 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Kornicki, Peter. "The Wavy Navy in the United States." In Eavesdropping on the Emperor. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197602805.003.0008.
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In 1943 five junior officers in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve made their way to Boulder, Colorado, to join a course at the US Navy Japanese Language School. The US Navy had turned its attention to Japanese language training before the outbreak of war, largely thanks to the efforts of two intelligence officers who had grown up in Japan. While the US Army began training Japanese Americans, the US Navy Japanese Language School did not accept Japanese Americans as students but did use them as teachers. Most of the five RNVR officers already had extensive naval experience, including combat on the high seas, but they finished their 18-month course too late to be able to play much of a part in the war, unlike their American fellow students, who saw action in the Pacific.
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Lynch, Michael E. "New Challenges in Japan." In Edward M. Almond and the US Army. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813177984.003.0010.
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Almond relinquished command of the 92nd Division and assumed command of the 2nd Infantry Division at Camp Swift, Texas, for the planned Japanese invasion. The end of the war in the Pacific, changed that, and Almond went to Japan to work on the staff of Gen. Douglas MacArthur. He found success as a staff officer and trusted agent to one of the Army’s most powerful and legendary officers. Basking in the light of MacArthur’s favor, he tried to put the shame he felt over the 92nd Division’s collapse behind him. The Army had begun to change, however, taking its first small steps toward desegregation and universal service. The Army was, in effect, divided between those soldiers in the States and those on occupation duty, especially those in Far East Command. That separation became all too evident when war came to Korea.
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Reist, Katherine K. "Training a National Army in Time of Civil War." In War in the American Pacific and East Asia, 1941-1972. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813176550.003.0007.
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The attempt of United States government personnel in postwar China to effect an end to the resumption of the civil war by offering military training and support to both sides foundered on the assumptions of both the Nationalists and Communists that each would be victorious in the conflict. Nonetheless an American military training mission was authorized. The American goal was to establish a democratic, economically viable nation with a modern military to offset the expansion of Soviet influence in Asia.The goals of the Nationalist government did not necessarily align with those of the United States, although support and aid were continuously sought. However, the Nationalist political and organizationalstructure was difficult to adapt to American models even when the Chinese saw an advantage in doing so. For reasons explored in this chapter, the mission failed.
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Casey, Steven. "Introduction." In The War Beat, Pacific. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190053635.003.0001.
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The Pacific War was particularly difficult for the media to cover. The long distances, the terrible weather, the tendency of Douglas MacArthur and Ernest King to prioritize operational security, especially during the defeats of 1941 and 1942, and media bosses in the United States who focused more on Europe than Asia all meant that the fighting in the Pacific was often shrouded from the American public. The situation did not start to improve until 1943 and 1944, as US forces took the offensive, and the army and navy engaged in a dynamic rivalry to grab the biggest share of the headlines. But while the war continued in Europe, even major battles like those fought on Saipan and Okinawa were often buried on the inside pages.
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Geiger, Andrea. "The Pacific Borderlands in Wartime." In Converging Empires. University of North Carolina Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469641140.003.0006.
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As World War II approached, the mobility of Japanese immigrant fishers gave rise to ever more strident allegations of smuggling and spying in both Canada and the US. Along the Alaska coast, reported intrusions into US waters by Japanese fishing vessels were depicted as the vanguard of a coming invasion. The growing pressure Japan brought to bear along the North Pacific coast, reflected in ongoing disputes over oceangoing fisheries and the pelagic sealing industry, combined with Japan’s resentment of the race-based exclusion and unequal treatment of Japanese immigrants by both the United States and Canada, heightened tensions among all three nations. Canada and the United States forcibly removed people of Japanese ancestry from the Pacific coast and interned or incarcerated them during World War II. Alaska Natives with a Japanese forebear were among those forcibly uprooted. Chapter 5 also addresses the forced relocation of the Aleut by the US government, as well as that of the Aleut taken prisoner by the Japanese Imperial Army during the Aleutian campaign and taken to Japan. Japanese Canadians were forced to choose between moving east or being repatriated or expatriated to Japan and were not permitted to return to the B.C. coast until 1949.
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Prior, Robin. "Interlude 1919–1939." In Conquer We Must. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300233407.003.0029.
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This chapter provides an overview of the second German war. It highlights how Britain found itself with an army in readiness of just five under-equipped infantry divisions. Despite the Armistice, Britain—and its empire's largest navy in the world, the largest air force, and the most efficient army—had insufficient tanks to deploy even one armoured division and respond to the war. The level of expenditure on armaments in the last years of the war was unsustainable and increasingly reliant on loans from the United States. The chapter discusses the British political and military leadership of Britain amidst the season of war in 1939.
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Raines, Rebecca Robbins. "Theater of WAR." In War in the American Pacific and East Asia, 1941-1972. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813176550.003.0002.
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This chapter focuses on the establishment by the Signal Corps of the Army Command and Administrative Network (ACAN) in the Pacific Theater where unique challenges of distance, climate, and terrain faced the Army’s communicators.Initially a manually operated system, ACAN eventually adopted automatic radioteletype equipment that enabled faster and more accurate transmission of the rapidly growing message workload.ACAN made possible significant innovations, such as teleconferencing, that enabled Allied leaders to communicate with their commanders thousands of miles away. By war’s end, the system was carrying fifty million words per day over its circuits—an estimated eight words for every bullet fired.With the return to peace, the United States Government decided to dismantle ACAN.Not until the war in Vietnam would the Army operate another globe-spanning system, this time using the latest satellite technology to bridge the distance between Washington and the fighting front.
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Edy, Carolyn M. "Outstanding and Conspicuous Service." In Reporting World War II. Fordham University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9781531503093.003.0009.
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This chapter explores how three war correspondents—Iris Carpenter, Lee Carson, and Ann Stringer—outmaneuvered rapidly shifting battlelines and military regulations to become part of an elite group attached to the “Fighting First” Division of the United States Army in the European Theater of Operations. Despite military policies preventing female war correspondents from covering the front, all three women—Carpenter for the Boston Globe, Carson for International News Service, and Stringer for United Press—used their reporting skills, and the military connections these skills earned them, to find and break news so often that by March 1945 their bylines appeared regularly beneath front-page headlines, often internationally syndicated. In 1946, Carpenter, Carson, and Stringer received theater medals from the United States War Department for “outstanding and conspicuous service with the armed forces under difficult and hazardous combat conditions.”
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Hess, Earl J. "Featherston versus Ward." In The Battle of Peach Tree Creek. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469634197.003.0006.
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Winfield Scott Featherston's Brigade of William W. Loring's Division, in Alexander p. Stewart's Army of Mississippi, attacked to the left of Hardee. Opposing Featherston was William T. Ward's division of the Twentieth Corps. Because of Hooker's lackadaisical attitude, Ward was not yet in position on the high ground south of Peach Tree Creek. Taken by surprise, Ward's brigade commanders reacted quickly and led their men in a desperate counter charge up the steep bluffs bordering the south side of the creek, met Featherston's men part way up, and pushed them all the way up the slope. The result was an impressive victory for the men of Ward's division. They established and fortified their line on top of the bluff in line with Newton's division to the left and Geary's division to the right. It is true that Ward's three brigades heavily outnumbered Featherston's lone brigade. Moreover, about one-third (820 out of 1,230) of Featherston's men merely stopped on top of the bluff and failed to move down the slope to engage the 4,000 Federals in Ward's three brigades which were led by John Coburn, Benjamin Harrison (a future president of the United States), and James Wood, Jr.
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Friedman, Hal M. "Arguing over A-Bombs." In War in the American Pacific and East Asia, 1941-1972. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813176550.003.0006.
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Interservice rivalry between the United States Army and Navy over the 1946 Bikini Atoll atomic bomb tests was an example of a larger rivalry over roles, missions, and budgets that was endemic to U.S. defense policy immediately after World War II.The tests became embroiled in this larger conflict because of the perception that they could be employed by either service to argue its case for the lion’s share of resources in the postwar world.Therefore, each service went to great lengths to try to assure the press and public that the tests were not “rigged.”What is most interesting, however, about the atomic bomb tests of Operation Crossroads was the fact that the test results were so inconclusive.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Annati, R. E., and J. R. Smyth. "Garrett GTP50-1 Multipurpose Small Power Unit Technology Demonstrator Program." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-328.
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The Multipurpose Small Power Unit (MPSPU) Advanced Development Program is providing the United States Army and other Department of Defense branches with advanced technology for current and future auxiliary power units (APUs)/secondary power systems (SPSs) in aircraft, combat vehicles, and mobile shelters. The design includes low specific fuel consumption (SFC), weight and volume, acquisition and life cycle costs (LCC), and high reliability and durability. The Garrett Auxiliary Power Division (GAPD) Model GTP50-1 MPSPU has demonstrated major advances in small gas turbine power unit design and manufacturing technologies. Component test rigs have completed extensive development testing. Power unit operation of 214 hours, with 557 starts, has been accumulated. Power unit and rig testing has demonstrated program goals and identified areas for continued technical development. The program has demonstrated 77.6 kW (104 shp), corrected to sea level standard day, at an SFC of 0.5 kg/kW-hr (0.8 lb/hp-hr).
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ZATAR, WAEL, HIEN NGHIEM, JASON RAY, HAI NGUYEN, and SHAWN ANDERSON. "EVALUATING POST-TENSIONED TRUNNION GIRDERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SCALE MODEL TESTS AND NUMERICAL ANALYSES." In Structural Health Monitoring 2023. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2023/36751.
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Water flow in dams is commonly regulated using Tainter or miter gates, which are extensively employed in the navigation network of locks and dams managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Tainter gates are well known for their effectiveness in managing the flow of water through dam spillways. Post-tensioned Tainter gate anchorages are widely utilized in numerous dams across the nation, particularly within the Mississippi Valley Division (MVD), the Great Lakes and Rivers Division (LRD), the Southwestern Division (SWD), and the Northwestern Division (NWD). Between 2010 and 2017, ten dams underwent testing, revealing that eight of them had failed rods. Out of the 5,371 greased trunnion anchor rods tested, 22 were found to be broken, and 6 had slipped gripping hardware. While the overall failure rate might appear low, a detailed analysis shows that individual anchorage failure rates ranged from 2 percent to 29 percent, potentially affecting anchorage capacity and performance. Apart from the trunnion rods that failed due to breaking or slipped connections, 278 rods (202 on Markland Dam and 76 on Greenup Dam) exhibited significant cantilever bending or corrosion, conditions that can contribute to anchor rod failure. This study aims to establish experimental and numerical methods for posttensioned anchorages with different rod configurations. Laboratory tests on scaled anchorages, featuring a concrete trunnion girder with nine high-strength post-tensioning rods, were conducted. Finite element (FE) analyses were validated using experimental data, replicating various trunnion rod failure scenarios. The FE results accurately predicted load changes on each rod under different loads and de-tensioning configurations. The findings from this research provide valuable insights into anchor rod failure rates, which can assist district engineers in assessing the current condition of anchor rods and planning proactive maintenance and remediation strategies.
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Fardink, Paul. "Operation Ivory Soap and the Largest Helicopter Rescue of WWII." In Vertical Flight Society 79th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0079-2023-18085.
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Until recently, Operation Ivory Soap, a secret World War II collaboration between the United States Army, Navy, and Merchant Marines, to reconfigure six Liberty Ships into floating maintenance shops for repairing damaged aircraft in the Pacific, remained in obscurity. Sikorsky R-4B and R-6A helicopters were based on these ships to ferry mechanics and parts wherever needed. This secret project proceeded as planned until an emergency request for medical evacuation of wounded soldiers came in June 1945. Until then, the newly-developed helicopter had rarely been used for aeromedical rescue and never in hostile action. Nonetheless, the incredibly brave and resourceful Ivory Soap pilots, flying without radios, medical training, or specialized transport equipment, saved as many as ninety-four seriously-injured troops in the Philippines - and forever revolutionized the value of the helicopter in combat. Sadly, the pilots' stories of valor lay buried in forgotten piles of once-classified documents for decades. But no longer....
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Zimmerman, Eric B. "Numerical Modeling of Cylindrically Shaped Propellant Packages for the U.S. Army." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1572.
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Abstract The United States Army is in the process of developing the next generation of 155mm self propelled artillery through the Armament Systems Division of United Defense in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This next generation artillery system, called Crusader, is fully automated and can fire up to 10 rounds a minute at distances in excess of 40 km. The weapon system employs a new Modular Artillery Charge System (MACS). MACS consists of a low zone charge, the M231, and a high zone charge, the XM232. Both are rigid combustible cylinders filled with propellant and they are approximately 15 cm in diameter and length. The XM232 is filled with approximately 500 cylindrically shaped propellant grains. The grains are similar in size and shape to that of a typical foam ear plug issued to visitors to high noise areas. A two centimeter thick center core of the cylinder which runs the length of both charges is filled with granular explosive powder which is used to centrally ignite the charges. Between one and six of the 15 cm diameter cylinders are loaded into the gun barrel depending on the distance to the target. It is the goal of this new program to have highly accurate first fire capability for maximum effectiveness on the battlefield. It is imperative to have an accurate prediction of the exit velocity of the artillery projectile at time of firing to achieve this goal. Actual firings of the new gun tube with the XM232 propellant canisters revealed that the exit velocity of the projectile was highly dependent on the temperature of the propellant prior to firing. (The velocity achieved by the M231 is relatively insensitive to temperature.) One avenue under review to provide the propellant temperature prior to firing is to physically measure it. This was easily accomplished in earlier artillery systems as the propellant was granular and stored in cloth sacks. The soldier simply inserted a thermometer through the cloth to obtain a bulk temperature of the propellant inside. The new XM232 does not allow this as the canister walls are impervious and even if a way was found to insert a thermometer into the canister — the obtained temperature would be questionable considering the jumbled nature of the small propellant cylinders inside. Additionally, Crusader’s high rate of fire and automated ammunition handling system does not permit the soldier to manually take the temperature of the charge. During August 1998 a series of test firings of the new gun barrel were conducted with the XM232s. Selected XM232s were instrumented with thermocouples located at different locations within the cylinder as shown in figure 1. The MACS were then soaked for 24 hours at either 50C or −30C. The MACS were then placed on wooden racks in a large thermal chamber maintained at 20C. The temperatures of the thermocouples were then recorded over a period of time as they either warmed or cooled. With this transient experimental data in hand a numerical model could be developed to predict the temperature of the MACS under varying environmental conditions. It was desired to achieve a thermal model in the most simple manner as possible. Thus the first effort was to model the XM232 cylinders as a homogeneous material. If reasonable predictions of the XM232 temperature could be achieved in this mode — more complex efforts could be avoided. Consultations with the propellant manufacturer in Radford, Virginia provided the basic thermal properties of the material. A thermal circuit was then created between the outer surface of the XM232 to the inner core. Thermal energy has to pass through the outer shell material and then through the numerous small propellant cylinders and air voids between them. The material was handled as a homogeneous material and the porous nature of the insides was ignored. It was understood that there would be some thermal stratification of the air inside as shown from the experimental data. But it was hoped that reasonable predictions could be accomplished without considering the bouancy of air trapped between the small cylinders. Series and parallel thermal circuits were developed with either the air and propellant in series or in parallel to get the range of thermal resistances between the two situations. It was expected that the actual thermal resistance would lie somewhere between the two situations. Initial efforts involved superimposing transient solutions to one dimensional problems (infinite cylinder and plane wall) to obtain the multidimensional solution to the short cylinder. While that method provided reasonable comparison to the experimental results after an initial two hour period — there was not a very good comparison prior to that time. The Fluent software package was then used with the ambient air temperature profile in the experiments and the initial temperatures of the XM232s to obtain the predicted three dimensional internal temperatures of the XM232. A three dimensional tetrahedral grid was created with approximately 74,000 nodes. Time steps of 100 seconds were applied for the first 20 minutes with longer time steps being applied as the gradients between the outer surface and the surrounding air decreased. The XM232s were cooled or warmed via natural convection from the surrounding ambient air. At the beginning of each time step the average surface temperature would be obtained from the Fluent software package and then the average convective heat transfer coefficient “h” between the outer surface and surrounding ambient air would be calculated usingreadily available correlations from standard heat transfer books. Comparison of the experimental and numerical predictions at various locations within the XM232 for both the hot to ambient and cold to ambient were very good. The numerical predictions were a bit low on the upper half of the cylinder and a bit high on the lower half of the cylinder. This was expected as we did not consider buoyancy in this analysis. The experimentally measured temperature along the outer edge of the inner core tube matched up very well for both the hot and cold XM232 predictions. This was good news considering that the temperature at this location provided excellent correlation to the exit velocity of the projectile. The result of the above efforts was that a simple three dimension numerical model was developed to predict the temperature near the center of the XM232 for both a warming and cooling situation. The next use of the model is to predict the XM232 average temperature under a variety of transient ambient conditions. It is expected that these studies will facilitate higher first fire accuracy for the new Crusader Artillery System.
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Crawford, Susan L., Steven R. Doctor, Anthony D. Cinson, Michael W. Watts, Traci L. Moran, and Michael T. Anderson. "Preliminary Assessment of NDE Methods on Inspection of HDPE Butt Fusion Piping Joints for Lack of Fusion With Validation From Mechanical Testing." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25280.
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Studies at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington, are being conducted to evaluate nondestructive examinations (NDE) coupled with mechanical testing of butt fusion joints in high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe for assessing lack of fusion. The work provides information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on the effectiveness of volumetric inspection techniques of HDPE butt fusion joints in Section III, Division 1, Class 3, buried piping systems in nuclear power plants. This paper describes results from preliminary assessments using ultrasonic and microwave nondestructive techniques and mechanical testing with the high speed tensile impact test and the bend test for determining joint integrity. A series of butt joints were fabricated in 3408, 12 inch (30.5 cm) IPS DR-11 HDPE material by varying the fusion parameters to create good joints and joints containing a range of lack of fusion conditions. Six of these butt joints were volumetrically examined with time of flight diffraction (TOFD), phased array (PA) ultrasound, and the Evisive microwave system. The outer diameter (OD) weld beads were removed for microwave evaluation and the pipes ultrasonically re-evaluated. In two of the six pipes both the outer and inner diameter (ID) weld beads were removed and the pipe joints re-evaluated. Several of the pipes were sectioned and the joints destructively evaluated with the following techniques: high speed tensile test, bend test, and focused immersion ultrasound on a joint section removed from the pipe coupled with slicing through the joint and examining the revealed surfaces. The fusion parameters, nondestructive, and destructive evaluation results will be correlated to validate the effectiveness of what each NDE technology detects and what each does not detect. This is an initial limited study which will aid in identifying key future work.
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Crawford, Susan L., Steven R. Doctor, Anthony D. Cinson, Stephen E. Cumblidge, and Michael T. Anderson. "Preliminary Assessment of NDE Methods on Inspection of HDPE Butt Fusion Piping Joints for Lack of Fusion." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77958.
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Studies at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington, are being conducted to evaluate nondestructive examination approaches for inspecting butt fusion joints in high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe for lack of fusion (LOF). The work provides information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission on the effectiveness and need for volumetric inspection techniques of HDPE butt fusion joints in Section III, Division 1, Class 3, buried piping systems in nuclear power plants. This paper describes results from preliminary assessments using ultrasonic nondestructive techniques and high-speed tensile impact testing for determining joint integrity. A series of butt joints were fabricated in 3408, 12-inch IPS DR-11 material by varying the fusion parameters in attempts to provide good joints and joints containing LOF. These butt joints were visually examined and volumetrically examined with time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) and phased-array (PA) ultrasound. A limited subset of pipe joint material was destructively analyzed by either slicing through the joint and visually examining the surface or by employing a standard high-speed tensile impact test. Initial correlation of the fusion parameters, nondestructive, and destructive evaluations have shown that areas with gross LOF were detected with both TOFD and PA ultrasound and that the tensile impact test showed a brittle failure at the joint. There is still some ambiguity in results from the less obvious LOF conditions. Current work is targeted on assessing the sensitivity of the ultrasonic volumetric examinations and validating the results with a destructive analysis. It is expected that on-going and future work will lead to quantifying the ultrasonic responses in terms of joint integrity.
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Crawford, Susan L., Steven R. Doctor, Anthony D. Cinson, Michael W. Watts, Traci L. Moran, and Michael T. Anderson. "Assessment of NDE Methods to Detect Lack of Fusion in HDPE Butt Fusion Joints." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57908.
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Studies at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington, were conducted to evaluate nondestructive examinations (NDE) coupled with mechanical testing of butt fusion joints in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe for assessing lack of fusion. The work provided information to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on the effectiveness of volumetric inspection techniques of HDPE butt fusion joints in Section III, Division 1, Class 3, buried piping systems in nuclear power plants. This paper describes results from assessments using ultrasonic and microwave nondestructive techniques and mechanical testing with the high-speed tensile impact test and the side-bend test for determining joint integrity. A series of butt joints were fabricated in 3408, 12-inch (30.5-cm) IPS DR-11 HDPE material by varying the fusion parameters to create good joints and joints containing a range of lack-of-fusion conditions. Six of these butt joints were volumetrically examined with time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), phased-array (PA) ultrasound, and the Evisive microwave system. The outer diameter (OD) weld beads were removed for microwave evaluation and the pipes ultrasonically re-evaluated. In two of the six pipes, both the outer and inner diameter (ID) weld beads were removed and the pipe joints re-evaluated. Some of the pipes were sectioned and the joints destructively evaluated with the high-speed tensile test and the side-bend test. The fusion parameters, nondestructive and destructive evaluation results have been correlated to validate the effectiveness of what each NDE technology detects and what each does not detect based on the limited testing that was conducted. No single NDE method detected all of the lack-of-fusion flaws; further a combination of NDE methods did not detect all of the flaws.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "United States. Army. Division of the Pacific"
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Tussing, Bert, and Kent H. Butts. United States Army Pacific and United States Army War College Lead Trilateral Strategic Planning Initiative. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423909.
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