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1
Sari, Wise Dovanita. "PENERAPAN HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL DALAM RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA PANJANG NASIONAL 2005-2025 HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA". Jurnal JURISTIC 1, nr 03 (27.01.2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.35973/jrs.v1i03.1958.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Hubungan antara hukum pidana internasional dan hukum pidana nasional adalah hubungan yang bersifat komplementer antara satu dengan yang lain dan memiliki arti penting dalam rangka penegakan hukum pidana itu sendiri. Hal ini jelas terlihat banyaknya asas dalam hukum pidana nasional diadopsi sebagai asas-asas dalam hukum pidana internasional. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan membahas tentang hubungan atau pengaruh dan penerapan <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em> <em>(UNCAC) </em>dalam Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Nasional 2005-2025 Hukum Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia yang disajikan dalam bentuk penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Data disampaikan secara deskriptif analitis dengan penjelasan dalam bahasa yang mudah dipahami dan dimengerti. Data utama diambil dari Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2007 tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Nasional (RPJPN) 2005-2025 dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengesahan<em> United Nations Convention Againts Corruption</em> 2003 (Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Anti Korupsi 2003) yang menegaskan ratifikasi <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em> <em>(UNCAC)</em> oleh Pemerintah Indonesia sudah didasarkan pada pertimbangan yang matang bahwa isi konvensi tersebut sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi negara yang sedang giat-giatnya melakukan pemberantasan korupsi.
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Gunawan, Kristian, Yopi. "PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PASCA RATIFIKASI THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC) DAN PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA". Res Nullius Law Journal 2, nr 1 (16.03.2020): 8–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/rnlj.v2i1.2758.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Dalam kenyataannya saat ini, meningkatnya kasus tindak pidana korupsi dari tahun ke tahun telah menimbulkan kerugian negara yang sangat besar yang pada gilirannya dapat berdampak pada timbulnya krisis di berbagai bidang. Di samping itu, mengingat bahwa tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia terjadi secara sistematik dan meluas serta lingkupnya yang memasuki seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat, tindak pidana korupsi tidak hanya merugikan keuangan negara, tetapi juga telah melanggar hak-hak sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat secara luas dan dalam jangka panjang akan membawa bencana bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara pada umumnya. Karena itu semua maka tindak pidana korupsi tidak lagi dapat digolongkan sebagai kejahatan biasa melainkan kejahatan kerah putih yang berdampak luar biasa. Mengingat hal tersebut, muncul kesadaran bahwa pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi perlu dilakukan dengan cara-cara luar biasa. Upaya pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi yang selama lebih dari 60 tahun telah dilakukan, baik pada era Orde Lama dan Orde baru, maupun pada Era Reformasi, serta Era Baru pemerintahan saat ini yakni dengan melakukan berbagai upaya ternyata belum menunjukkan hasil seperti yang diharapkan. Hal ini terbukti dengan hasil survei lembaga rating kaliber dunia berkaitan dengan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi telah menempatkan Indonesia ke dalam peringkat teratas di Asia atau sekurang-kurangnya ke dalam kelompok sepuluh besar negara terkorup di dunia.
Menanggapi hal ini, sudah tentu hukum harus kembali mengambil peranannya sebagai alat untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang aman, adil, makmur dan sejahtera yakni dengan melakukan penindakan dan pencegahan dilakukannya tindak pidana korupsi. Apabila melihat kebelakang, pada tanggal 18 April 2006 lalu Indonesia telah meratifikasi The United Nations Convention Against Corruption melalui Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 7 Tahun 2006. Namun sangat disayangkan, peratifikasian The United Nations Convention Against Corruption melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tersebut tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik. Hal ini dikarenakan masih banyak prinsip-prinsip yang terdapat dalam The United Nations Convention Against Corruption belum diadopsi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan nasional khususnya peraturan perundang-undangan yang menyangkut pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi yakni Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 31 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana telah diubah oleh Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 20 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
Kata Kunci: Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Konvensi PBB menentang Tindak Pidana Korupsi, 2003, Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana.
Abstract
The continual increase of corruption criminal acts from years to years has caused huge losses to the nation which in turns its impact will induce multiple-aspect crisis. Considering that the Indonesian corruption criminal acts occur systematically and extensively in all aspects of people’s lives, corruption acts do not only harm the nation’s monetary, but also violate people’s social and economical rights widely, and in long terms will bring catastrophe to the lives of the people and the nation. Thus, the corruption criminal acts can no longer be categorized as a common crime but a systematic and organized crime. Corruption criminal acts are also performed as a white collar crimes and extra ordinary crimes. This tendency raises awareness that the eradication of corruption criminal acts needs to be extraordinarily treated. The effort to eradicate corruption criminal acts has been performed for more than 60 years during the Old Order, New Order, Reformation Era, and the New Era of the current government. However, the result has not shown the desired outcome. It is proven by the survey from the world-caliber institution that pertains to the eradication of corruption criminal acts. The result places Indonesia in the first place of the most corrupted nation in Asia and in the big ten in the world.
Responding to this issue, laws are supposed to perform its role as an instrument to create a secure, just, prosperous, and flourish society through actions and prevention against the corruption criminal acts. On 18 April 2006, Indonesia has ratified The United Nations Convention against Corruption through the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7/2006 about the validation of The United Nations Convention Against Corruption. Unfortunately, the ratification of The United Nations Convention Against Corruption through the Constitution No. 7/2006 is not well-enforced as there are still many principles in The United Nations Convention Against Corruption which have not been adopted by the national constitution, in particular the constitution on the eradication of corruption criminal acts in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20/2001 about the Eradication of Corruption Criminal Acts.
Keywords: Eradication On Corruption Criminal Acts, The United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003, Penal Reform.
3
Weilert, A. Katarina. "United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) – After Ten Years of Being in Force". Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 19, nr 1 (30.05.2016): 216–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-00190008.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) was adopted in October 2003 and entered into force on 14 December 2005. It is the first comprehensive global instrument to fight corruption and great hopes are pinned on this convention. The article recalls why corruption is a serious problem and that the various cultural and legal backgrounds make it difficult to come up with a common definition. Hence the States are not equally ready to commit themselves to anti-corruption laws. The evaluation of the content and implementing measures of the UNCAC is embedded in the presentation of other instruments against corruption. In particular, the article describes the current status of the implementation mechanism by the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and the results of the first cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism (2010–2015).
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Situmorang, Mosgan. "HARMONISASI HUKUM NASIONAL DI BIDANG KORUPSI DENGAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION". Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 3, nr 3 (31.12.2014): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v3i3.29.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
<p>Berbagai upaya pemberantasan korupsi telah dilakukan sejak lama namun belum memberikan hasil sebagaimana yang diharapkan. Tindak pidana korupsi diatur antara lain dalam KUHP yang bersifat umum atau lex generalis dan undang- undang yang dibuat khusus untuk penanggulangan korupsi seperti undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi maupun undang-undang tindak pidana suap. Disamping itu masih terdapat konvensi Internasional seperti United Nations Convention Against Corruption Tahun 2003. Seperti pemerintahan terdahulu, pemerintahan Jokowi juga mempunyai program tentang pemberantasan korupsi yang sudah dimuat dalam Rancangan Teknokrat Jokowi. Dalam rancangan itu dimuat strategi pemberantasan korupsi yang dilakukan melalui harmonisasi perundang-undangan korupsi dengan konvensi internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode normatif yuridis untuk membahas peraturan apa saja yang terkait dengan pemberantasan korupsi serta bagaimanakah harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan ketentuan United Nations Convention Against Corruption. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat ketidakharmonisan antara peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan konvensi Internasional pemberantasan korupsi sehingga perlu segera dilakukan harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan nasional dengan konvensi Internasional di bidang korupsi dan strategi yang lebih jitu dan penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas dalam pemberantasan dan pencegahan korupsi ke depan.</p><p>Various corruption eradication efforts have been done for a long time. Yet the result has not been as expected. Corruption is set in Criminal code as lex generalis and other laws made specifically for the prevention of corruption, such as Law of corruption and bribery laws. There are also International conventions such as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003. Just like the previous government, The President Jokowi’s governance also has programs in eradicating corruption which are already loaded in the draft of Jokowi’s Technocrats. Those draft consist of strategy to combat corruption through harmonization of Regulations on Corruption with international conventions on corruption. This research was conducted using normative juridis method by discussing any regulations that are associated with the eradication of corruption and how the harmonization of the laws and regulations in the field of corruption with the provisions of the United Nations Convention against Corruption. From this research, it can be concluded that there is disharmony between the legislation in the field of corruption and the International Conventions Against Corruption so that is why harmonization of national legislation with international conventions in the field of corruption should be made and accurately strategies and law enforcement in combating and prevent corruption in the future should be more strict.</p>
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Kubiciel, Michael. "Core Criminal Law Provisions in the United Nations Convention Against Corruption". International Criminal Law Review 9, nr 1 (2009): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181209x398853.
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AbstractWith the adoption of the UNCAC in 2003, the international legal development in the fight against corruption has reached its peak. Now the convention has to be filled with life. This is the task of national law-makers, law enforcement bodies and courts. They all need substantial information concerning the content of the convention's articles. Unfortunately, an offical or semi-official commentary to the UNCAC does not exist. This study aims at filling that gap by providing substanial information for the core criminal law provisions “bribery of public offical” and “active bribery of foreign public officials”. To this end, the study reveals cross-relations between the UNCAC and international conventions whose articles have been used as examples for the legal design of the UNCAC. Since several of the preceding conventions are accompanied by official commentaries or explanatory reports, these documents also offer a deep insight into the UNCAC.
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Hiariej, Eddy Omar Sharif. "United Nations Convention Against Corruption dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia". Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 31, nr 1 (2.05.2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.43968.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Indonesian government had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption [’UNCAC’] through Act No. 7 of 2006. However, the Indonesian Act on Anti-Corruption has yet to be synchronized with UNCAC. On one hand, corruption has become a massive issue in Indonesia, but on the other hand, the existing Anti-Corruption Act has yet to be in compliance with the relevant international instrument. Therefore, the implementation of UNCAC has become more urgent. Aside from the need to counter corruption efficiently and effectively, UNCAC calls upon the need for international cooperation against corruption.
7
Soliman, Hussein, i Sherry Cable. "Sinking under the weight of corruption: Neoliberal reform, political accountability and justice". Current Sociology 59, nr 6 (20.10.2011): 735–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392111419748.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The United Nations adopted the 2003 Convention Against Corruption to reduce corruption in developing nations. Corruption’s determinants include political systems’ permeability to economic influence, state economic intervention, weak political competition and officials’ discretionary power to allocate resources. Corruption’s outcomes are slowed economic development, misallocation of government resources, income inequalities and, less frequently, disasters. Using archival and interview data, this article documents corruption’s shaping of the 2006 sinking of an Egyptian ferry in the Red Sea, which killed 1034; high-level corruption not only caused the disaster but exacerbated its impacts. The study’s findings confirm much of the empirical literature but contradict assertions that corruption is associated with high levels of government intervention in the economy. Based on the findings, the article gives a critique of neoliberal reform that associates it with high-level corruption.
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Priyanto, Bambang Budi, Faisal Santiago i Evita Isretno Israhadi. "Juridical Review of the Mechanism of Asset Return in Corruption as an Effort to Recovery of State Losses". Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 4, nr 08 (25.07.2023): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v4i08.858.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The criminal act of corruption is one part of a special crime, in addition to having certain specifications that are different from general crimes, namely with deviations from formal criminal law or procedural law. Corruption cases in this country still occur as if dominating crimes in Indonesia. This research is a descriptive analytical research, namely a study that presents phenomena or symptoms and actual circumstances about the mechanism of financial returns and / or state assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption. Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the criminal act of corruption which in Article 18 is explained related to additional crimes as one of the efforts to recover State finances, Law Number 7 of 2006 concerning the Ratification of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption 2003 (United Nations Convention Against Corruption 2003) which explains that the seizure of assets of perpetrators of corruption crimes can be carried out through criminal and civil channels, Another regulation is Law Number 1 of 2006 concerning mutual assistance in criminal matters which is the legal basis for the Indonesian government in requesting and/or providing mutual assistance as well as a guideline for making agreements in criminal matters with Foreign Countries. In this case, the return of assets in corruption crimes can be carried out through several channels/instruments, including through criminal, civil and administrative channels.
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Darmawansyah, Adi. "People’s Role as Victims in State Financial Corruption". Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science 2, nr 4 (27.01.2023): 2284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i4.420.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In positive law in Indonesia related to public participation as victims in corruption crimes is still not regulated in the criminal law. In particular, corruption of state financial losses has harmed society. Many of the Court's Rulings only focus on the return of state losses to the state treasury, however, the real victims are the people who have been charged with the crime of corruption who do not get access to justice from the sentencing of the court. The state must access the return of state losses to the public as victims of corruption crimes Indonesia has ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption/UNCAC convention through Law Number 7 Tahun 2006 concerning ratification of the United Nations Convention on Anti-Corruption has not fully provided space for victims in this case the community to be able to demand compensation, restitution, compensation for corruption cases. This research is normative juridical by examining the formulation provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes jo. Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes and ratifying the United Nations Convention Against Corruption/UNCAC convention through Law Number 7 of 2006 on ratification of the United Nations Convention on Anti-Corruption.
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Amani, Nicolous PrayGod. "Informal Amnesties in Asset Recovery Practices in Tanzania: Examining Criminal Justice Challenges". Eastern Africa Law Review 48, nr 1 (30.06.2021): 208–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/ealr.v48i1.6.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Since the turn of the century, amnesties began to feature in transnational criminal law as a tool to facilitate the recovery of criminal assets. In particular, the provisions of Article 26(3) of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, 2000, and, Article 37(3) of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, 2003 made it possible for States Parties to adopt measures within their legal systems to provide for amnesties to suspects who are ready to cooperate with law enforcement agencies in order to facilitate successfully prosecution of perpetrators of crime and consequently procure the recovery of criminal assets. This paper examines the use of amnesties in Tanzania, particularly, focusing on the 2008 and 2019 amnesties. The paper further investigates the extent to which such amnesties, which are implemented in Tanzania without necessary legislative framework, enhance asset recovery and criminal deterrence. Keywords: amnesty, asset recovery, corruption, criminal deterrence, criminal assets organized crime.
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Krastev, Vladislav, Blagovesta Koyundzhiyska-Davidkova i Nadezhda Petkova. "Contemporary Trends in the Development of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of Republic of Bulgaria". International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, nr 2 (1.06.2019): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0070.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract In 2000, the global policy against the phenomenon of “corruption“ was launched by the United Nations, and in 2003 the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) was adopted, which Bulgaria ratified three years later. Two months after the adoption of this international convention, Bulgaria became part of the European Union. The accession was accompanied by the creation of “specific accompanying measures” aimed at correcting identified deficiencies in various areas, including measures against corruption. As a result of the annual reports of the European Commission on Bulgaria’s progress on the Co-operation and Verification Mechanism, anti-corruption law-making has begun to develop and improve. Serious progress in this direction is the creation of legislation in the area of “conflict of interest”, which is not exactly corruption but creates prerequisites for its development, especially in the public sphere. The paper presents the result of the analysis of the created anti-corruption legislation after the accession of the Republic of Bulgaria to the EU. Particular attention is paid to the law adopted in 2018 regulating anti-corruption measures, as well as the terms and procedure for the seizure of illegally acquired property for the benefit of the state.
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Prasetyo, Muhammad Bagus, Nabil Ikhbar Hamid, Muhammad Farhan Asshidieqi i Siti Sholikhatul Fadillah. "Analisis United Nation Convention Against Corruption 2003: Perspektif Asas Manfaat Asset Recovery Di Negara Indonesia". JURNAL ANTI KORUPSI 13, nr 2 (12.12.2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jak.v13i2.38827.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Pemberantasan akan terjadinya kasus korupsi bukan hanya menjadi persoalan bagi suatu negara saja melainkan juga menjadi persoalan bagi kalangan masyarakat internasional. Kasus korupsi sebagaimana sudah diatur dalam konvensi internasional MU PBB yaitu "UN Convention Against Corruption 2003" semenjak tanggal 31 Oktober 2003, yang kemudian dilakukan ratifikasi oleh Indonesia melalui Undang - Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengesahan United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003. Pemberantasan kasus korupsi tidak hanya cukup dilakukan dengan memberikan sanksi pidana kurungan badan, akan tetapi harus juga disertai dengan pemotongan pada hasil korupsi. Kasus korupsi menjadi perhatian bagi masyarakat internasional dapat menjadi tanda bahwa korupsi memiliki suatu dimensi global tersendiri yang dapat mengancam pada berbagai macam sendi utamanya pada sendi perekonomian dan kegiatan perdagangan internasional ataupun nasional. Korupsi hingga saat ini menjadi sumber kejahatan asal (predicate crime) yang bertujuan untuk membiayai kejahatan lainnya seperti money laundering. Penyelesaian kasus korupsi saat ini hanya didasarkan pada regulasi nasional saja, yang dimana pengaturan dalam regulasi nasional kerap kali mendapatkan hambatan. Tujuan penulisan ini yaitu untuk melakukan pengkajian pada asas manfaat asset recovery yang sebagaimana tercantum dalam The United Nations Convention Against Corruption di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengkaji yaitu penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif serta pengumpulan data metode sekunder. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa kasus korupsi mampu memberikan dampak yang sangat buruk bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara karena telah terjadi keburukan, ketidakjujuran, dan melukai rasa keadilan pada masyarakat. Penyimpangan anggaran yang terjadi akibat korupsi telah menurunkan kualitas pelayanan negara kepada masyarakat. Asset Recovery / pemulihan asset muncul sebagai model baru dalam menangani permasalahan tindak kejahatan korupsi dengan tujuan untuk mengembalikan aset - aset negara yang dikorupsi seta melaksanakan pemulihan ekonomi. Asset recovery cocok untuk diterapkan ke dalam suatu sistem hukum dan menjadi suatu hukuman pokok, dengan diterapkannya maka dapat membawa angin segar guna menanggulangi dan menurunkan angka kejahatan korupsi.
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Tantimin, Tantimin. "Penyitaan Hasil Korupsi Melalui Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture sebagai Upaya Pengembalian Kerugian Negara". Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia 5, nr 1 (31.01.2023): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v5i1.85-102.
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Tindak pidana korupsi menciptakan kerugian yang begitu besar. Indonesia berada di tengah urgensi dibentuknya mekanisme yang efektif dalam mengembalikan kerugian negara dalam tindak pidana korupsi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis potensi upaya penyitaan hasil korupsi melalui non-conviction based asset forfeiture sebagai pengembalian kerugian negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya urgensi pembaruan mekanisme menanggulangi tindak pidana korupsi yang sudah ada, baik dari segi pidana maupun perdata, melalui mekanisme Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfetiure yang telah diatur dalam United Nation Convention Against Corruption, yang telah diratifikasi Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2006 tentang tentang Pengesahan United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan baiknya potensi pengaturan mengenai Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfetiure dalam menanggulangi dampak korupsi di Indonesia, melalui Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Perampasan Aset Tindak Pidana yang hingga saat ini belum disahkan pemerintah.
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Wahid, Abdul. "Pemberlakuan Hukum Ekstradisi Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi". JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW 6, nr 1 (25.02.2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v6i1.5130.
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<p>Permasalahan korupsi sudah bukan merupakan permasalahan suatu bangsa saja, tetapi sudah menjadi permasalahan internasional, korupsi merupakan <em>Transnational Crime</em> sejak tanggal 1 Oktober 2003 dimana 107 negara peserta Konferensi <em>Ad Hoc Committee for the Negotiationof the United Nations Conventions against Corruption</em>, termasuk Indonesia telah menyetujui mengadopsi <em>Convention Against Corruption</em> yang diselenggarakan di Wina. Ekstradisi harus ada perjanjian ekstradisi, selama ini pelaku korupsi yang berhasil dikembalikan ke Indonesia tetapi assetnya tidak dapat dikembalikan karena ekstradisi hanya mengatur mengenai pelaku tindak pidana atau orangnya, pengembalian aset korupsi dilakukan apabila ada perjanjian bantuan timbal balik, sesuai <em>United Nations Convention Against Corruption</em>, 2003 yang telah diratifikasi dengan UU No. 7 Tahun 2006 apabila tidak ada perjanjian ekstradisi antar negara akan menyulitkan suatu negara dalam mengadili pelaku kejahatan yang tinggal di negara lain, karena tiap negara mempunyai aturan tersendiri mengenai ekstradisi, dan Kendala pelaksanaan ekstradisi diantaranya, adanya negara memberikan perlindungan terhadap harta benda pelaku, keterbatasan wewenang sesuai dengan batas negara dan yuridiksi peradilan, perbedaan sistem hukum antarnegara, perjanjian antarnegara. Disaranakan Sebaiknya pemerintah lebih meningkatkan perjanjian ekstradisi ke berbagai negara agar para pelaku dan asetnya dapat dikembalikan di Indonesia untuk menjaga stabilitas perekonomian negara dan Pemerintah Indonesia harus aktif untuk menelusuri harta para koruptor di luar negeri dan melakukan kerjasama dengan negara lain untuk membekukan asset hasil, supaya dapat dikembalikan ke tanah air.</p>
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Syamsuddin, Muhammad Aziz. "Dukungan Legislatif Dalam RUU KUHP Untuk Pemberantasan Korupsi: Pro dan Kontra Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam RUU KUHPDukungan Legislatif Dalam RUU KUHP Untuk Pemberantasan Korupsi: Pro dan Kontra Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam RUU KUHP". Jurnal Hukum 31, nr 2 (9.06.2016): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jh.v31i2.658.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractThe spirit of the eradication of corruption is running continually. Various efforts or strategies were arranged to sharpen the power of corruptions’ eradication. One of the strategies is legislation support or comprehend and effective legislation. It was proved by the enactment of Law No. 28 of 1999 on State Implementation of Clean and Free from Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism and also Law No. 31 of 1999 as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 on Corruption Eradication. The other related legislation such as Law No. 30 of 2002 on Corruption Eradication Commission and the Law 8 of 2010 on the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering. Those Supporting legislations show that there is a shared commitment to eradicate corruption. Indonesia has also ratified the UNCAC (United Nations Convention against Corruption) by Law No. 7 of 2006 on the UN Convention (United Nations) Anti-Corruption. Support legislation is expected to provide a deterrent effect for offenders and protecting the rights of citizens has a whole. Keywords: Legislative Support, Criminal Code Draft, Eradication, Crime of Corruption, Pros and Cons    AbstrakSemangat pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi terus bergulir. Berbagai upaya atau strategi dibangun untuk mempertajam kekuatan pemberantasan korupsi. Salah satunya adalah dengan dukungan legislasi atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang komprehensif dan efektif. Dibuktikan dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 28 Tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Negara yang Bersih dan Bebas dari Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme dan Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Adapun undang-undang terkait lainnya seperti UU No. 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan UU No. 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang. Dukungan legislasi tersebut menunjukkan adanya komitmen bersama untuk memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Indonesia juga  telah meratifikasi UNCAC (United Nations Convention Against Corruption) dengan UU No. 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Konvensi PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa) Anti Korupsi. Dukungan legislasi ini diharapkan memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku sekaligus melindungi hak-hak warga negara secara keseluruhan. Kata Kunci: Dukungan Legislatif, RUU KUHP, Pemberantasan, Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Pro dan Kontra
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Hensgen, Leonie. "Corruption and Human Rights – Making the Connection at the United Nations". Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 17, nr 1 (2013): 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-90000085.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Since the 1990s the fight against corruption has been on everyone’s lips. The United Nations’ approach to the problem resulted in the 2005 United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), the most comprehensive instrument against corruption on the international level. In March 2013, a Panel Discussion on the Negative Impact of Corruption on the Enjoyment of Human Rights took place, convened by the Human Rights Council. What are the links between (anti-)corruption measures and human rights and why do the United Nations deal with it? Both questions are more closely interrelated than it might appear at first sight. This article will not only examine the connection and the United Nations’ involvement, but also provide new aspects for a further debate.
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Starostin, Sergey A., i Maksim M. Polyakov. "International legal regulation of combating corruption in public administration of the Russian Federation". Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, nr 44 (2022): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/44/7.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The article analyses the provisions of the main international legal instruments against corruption in relation to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation. The authors emphasise that corruption poses a threat to the entire international community. Corrupt practices destabilise the functioning of state apparatuses of different countries, undermine the national economies and make the stable process of development of social and state institutions impossible. These circumstances have led to the international adoption of a number of legal instruments: the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials (1996), the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the Civil Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the United Nations Convention against Corruption (2003) and others. These legal instruments set out the most effective forms and methods of combating corruption, which the participating countries can apply in their national legal systems. However, there are certain controversial and debatable aspects related to the implementation of the provisions of certain international legal acts against corruption. For example, the Russian Federation has not ratified the 1999 Convention on Civil Liability for Corruption or Article 20 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003. The authors conclude that there is now a need to strengthen the activities of the relevant authorities and officials to achieve better results in the fight against corruption. Anti-corruption measures need to be more actively implemented and applied not only in public authorities, but also in state and non-state enterprises and institutions. At present, work in these areas is being carried out, but not always in a quick, qualitative, consistent and systematic manner. The implementation of anti-corruption forms and methods is simply impossible without international cooperation due to the fact that corruption itself has ceased to be a problem of individual states. With this in mind, it is essential for Russia to strive for the widest possible application of anticorruption international legal instruments within the domestic legal system. In the conclusion of the article, the authors emphasise that the Russian Federation is actively and dynamically participating in the international legal regulation of anticorruption. Cooperation in this area has reached an exceptionally high level, which is recognised by many foreign partners. Ultimately, the application of international legal anticorruption measures in Russia will improve the system for combating corruption in public administration. The provisions of international instruments accumulate solid experience of many countries in this area. This experience can and should be used in our country. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
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Pribadi, Insan. "IMPLEMENTATION OF NON CONVICTION BASED ASSETS AGAINST MONEY LAUNDERING AND MONEY CHANGING CRIMES IN INDONESIA". JIL : Journal of Indonesian Law 2, nr 2 (30.12.2021): 162–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/jil.v2i2.162-177.
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Money Laundry is an extraordinary crime with the act of hiding or disguising the money or assets obtained from the proceeds of a crime. Money Laundry is closely related to other criminals, including corruption as a predicate crime. Due to the development of criminal acts, a new breakthrough emerge which was echoed in The United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003 named Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, which is a legal mechanism that allows the owned assets that have been taken by criminals and is possible to be confiscated again.
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Abdullah, Fathin, Prof Triono Eddy i Dr Marlina. "PERAMPASAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI TANPA PEMIDANAAN (NON-CONVICTION BASED ASSET FORFEITURE) BERDASARKAN HUKUM INDONESIA DAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC) 2003". JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI 9, nr 1 (15.08.2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v9i1.2011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Asset forfeiture is a solution to the problem asset forfeiture when a person cannot be criminally prosecuted on the grounds of death or cannot follow the criminal prosecution process as referred to in Article 77 and Article 83 of the Criminal Code of Indonesia. NCB Asset Forfeiture wants the seizure of assets resulting from corruption crimes without having to wait for a criminal verdict and is an alternative if a corruptor can’t criminally prosecuted. The regulation of asset seizure resulting from corruption by mechanism without criminalization in Indonesian law is stipulated in Article 32, Article 33, Article 34, and Article 38C of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes while the arrangement of asset forfeiture resulting from corruption crimes by mechanism without criminalization to UNCAC is stipulated in Article 54 chapter (1) letter c UNCAC. The application of NCB Asset Forfeiture in Indonesia in addition to being implemented based on the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, the State Attorney must be able to prove there has been a real loss of state finances, financial losses of the country due to corruption crimes and there are guarantees from corruptors to facilitate the application of asset seizures resulting from corruption without criminalization.Keywords: Asset Forfeiture, Proceeds of Corruption, Without Criminalization, United Nations Convention Against Corruption.
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Eom, Juhee. "Status and tasks of domestic anti-corruption laws responding to international efforts to combat corruption". Korea Anti-Corruption Law Association 6, nr 1 (28.02.2023): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36433/kacla.2022.6.1.115.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Corruption is not a problem confined to one country, and since its harms transcend national borders, the international community has been working together to solve this problem for decades. The international community's anti-corruption discussion and cooperation began with the enactment of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) in the United States in 1977, through the enactment of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Anti-Bribery Convention in 1999, and the conclusion of the UN Anti-Corruption Convention in 2003. The G20 Summit, a global economic consultative body that emerged in the wake of the 2008 global economic crisis, recognized corruption as the main cause of the global financial crisis, and the 2010 G20 Seoul Declaration emphasized cooperation on corruption at the international level. The <Anti-Corruption Action Plan> was adopted in the form of an annex. This action plan includes contents to urge member countries to join and ratify major international conventions against corruption, such as the United Nations Anti-Corruption Convention and the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, as well as a cooperative system to prevent corrupt public officials from using the financial system and to prevent corrupt public officials from entering and providing shelter. Measures that require close cooperation between countries, such as Goryeo and support for the recovery of hidden assets overseas, were included. In addition, each member country agreed to report the situation every year so that the <Anti-Corruption Action Plan> could lead to effective policies. In order to lead and actively participate in these changes in the international situation, it is judged that Korea, a member of the G20, needs basic research for active implementation and policy and institutional reorganization based on this.
This paper examined the contents of international activities centered on the UN Anti-Corruption Convention to respond to corruption, the foundation of the domestic legal system and the current status of domestic legal implementation of international agreements. In addition, institutional and policy directions to be improved for future anti-corruption activities were presented.
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Sindhu Gautama, I. Nyoman. "Pemberatasan Kejahatan Internasional berdasarkan Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs)". Jurnal Aktual Justice 4, nr 1 (10.06.2019): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47329/aktualjustice.v4i1.474.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The form of cooperation between countries in the practice of customary international law can be done through Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs). This form of cooperation appears in the practice of eradicating international crimes, which are transnational or international crimes as an act of implementing other agreements, which have been carried out among the countries involved in it. Law enforcement efforts against international crimes can be carried out through extradition treaties. Apart from that, other international agreements, both bilateral and multilateral, or mutual legal assistance treaty or judicial assistance treaty between two or more countries. Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) also emerged because the eradication of crime was not sufficiently enforced by extradition agreements. More and more forms of Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) have been agreed upon, for example the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003, the United Nations Conventions Against Transnational Organized Crime in 2000. Whereas at the ASEAN Regional level, the Treaty Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters in 2004. If this is well developed, especially in the State of Indonesia, then efforts and implementation in resolving these transnational problems can be overcome.
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Dianita, Pujiyono i Rahmi Dwi Sutanti. "The Criminalization Of Illicit Enrichment in Combating Corruption in Indonesia". Mahadi: Indonesia Journal of Law 2, nr 2 (28.08.2023): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/mah.v2i2.13183.
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Despite Indonesia's ratification of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, 2003 (UNCAC, 2003), there are still some norms that have not been adequately accommodated by national anti-corruption laws, particularly concerning illicit enrichment. This legal study aims to examine the practical implementation of illicit enrichment as a corruption offense in Indonesia and propose the criminalization of illicit enrichment as a future corruption offense. The research methodology employed is normative juridical, which involves analyzing secondary data, with a focus on literature reviews and relevant legislation. The research findings and discussions indicate that the practice of illicit enrichment has been increasingly prevalent, as evidenced by cases involving defendants Bahasyim Assifie and Dhana Widyatmika, who were charged under different articles, namely Article 12 of the Anti-Corruption Law and Article 3 of the Anti-Money Laundering Law, which differ from the essence of illicit enrichment as outlined in UNCAC, 2003. Considering the enforcement practices, it is imperative to criminalize the act of unlawful enrichment or illicit enrichment through the revision of the Anti-Corruption Law or the Criminal Code.
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Aliffitria, Bhilla, i Nuriyeni Kartika Bintarsari. "Pengaruh Implementasi United Nations Convention Against Corruption Terhadap Pemberantasan Korupsi di Australia Tahun 2013-2017". Insignia: Journal of International Relations 6, nr 2 (24.11.2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.ins.2019.6.2.1546.
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Abstrak
Penelitian ini akan mengkaji pengaruh implementasi United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) terhadap pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017, mengingat Australia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki perhatian terhadap isu korupsi dan telah meratifikasi UNCAC pada tahun 2005. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh implementasi UNCAC terhadap pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode kepustakaan dan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber yang diperoleh dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, laporan, situs resmi pemerintah dan media online lainnya. Keseluruhan data akan dianalisis menggunakan teori efektivitas rezim yang terdiri dari indikator output, income, dan impact serta indikitor nilai-niai good governance. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan korupsi di Australia selama tahun 2013-2017 bersifat fluktuatif, beberapa pengimplementasian pasal-pasal UNCAC dan penerapan nilai-nilai good governance dalam upaya pemberantasan korupsi di Australia periode 2013-2017 masih menemui hambatan dan beberapa kritik. Pengimplementasian UNCAC di Australia hanya berpengaruh pada peningkatan jumlah agensi anti-korupsi baik di tingkat negara bagian maupun federal, namun hal tersebut tidak berbanding lurus dengan semakin berkurangnya kasus korupsi yang terjadi di Australia dan meningkatnya skor serta peringkat Indeks Persepsi Korupsi Australia selama tahun 2013-2017.
Kata kunci: Australia, efektivitas rezim, korupsi, UNCAC.
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the influence of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) implementation on eradicating corruption in Australia from 2013 to 2017. Australia is one of the countries that has prioritized on the corruption issue and has ratified the UNCAC in 2005. The purpose of this study is to know how the UNCAC implementation affectedthe corruption eradication efforts in Australia from 2013 to 2017. Data collection techniques with the literature method and utilizing secondary data from various sources obtained from books, scientific journals, reports, official government sites and other online media. Overall data will be analyzed using the regime effectiveness theory that consist of output, income, and impact indicators and also the values of good governance indicators. The results of this study indicate that the development of corruption in Australia during 2013-2017 was fluctuating, some implementations of UNCAC articles and the application of good governance values in efforts to eradicate corruption in Australia in the 2013-2017 period still faced obstacles and some criticism. The implementation of UNCAC in Australia only affected in increasing the number of anti-corruption agencies at the state and federal level, but it was not directly proportional to to the reduction of corruption cases and the increase of Australia Corruption Perception Index score and ranking during 2013-2017.
Keywords: Australia, corruption, regime effectiveness, UNCAC
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Mulyadi, Lilik. "ASAS PEMBALIKAN BEBAN PEMBUKTIAN TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN KONVENSI PERSERIKATAN BANGSA-BANGSA ANTI KORUPSI 2003". Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 4, nr 1 (31.03.2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.4.1.2015.101-132.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This article describes some problems of the result of research regarding the shifting of burden of proof upon corruption offences in the Indonesian system of criminal law with regards UN Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. There are two basic questions which become the research objections, firstly: to what extent the shifting of burden of proof has been implemented in the criminal court regarding corruption cases, and secondly, to what extent does the legislation policy apply for the shifting of burden of proof in relation with UNCAC 2003. The article uses normative research which regulation, conceptual, case and comparative approach. Such research emphasizes interpretation and legal construction to obtain some legal norms, conception, regulation list and its implementation in concreto cases. Regulation and conceptual approach to used how to know, existention, consistency and harmonization regarding the shifting of burden of proof upon corruption offences in legislation body. The cases approach uses comparative law regarding the reversal burden of proof upon corruption offencer between Indonesia and the other countries. This research shows that the shifting of burden of proof has never yet applied for in the corruption cases Indonesia. Those experiences is not similar with the experiences of against corruption Hong Kong and India, wihich implement the reversal burden of proof by using some approach socalled balanced probability of principles in the relation to the property or asset of defendant comes from. The Indonesian corruption regulation policy, especialy article 12B, 37, 37A, 38B apparently it’s not cleaq and disharmony to norm of sudden charge of fortune the shifting of burden of proof formulation in connection with United Nations Convention Against Corruption 2003(KAK 2003). So, necessary (needs) of modification sudden charge of fortune shifting of burden of proof formulation which preventive, represive and restorative characteristic. Keywords: Shifting the Burden of Proof, Corruption Offences, Criminal Justice System
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Sukhbold, Tumur Baatar. "Money laundering in Mongolia: Judicial practice and some issues for improving the system". Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2024, nr 2 (28.06.2024): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2024-2-165-182.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Introduction. The relevance of the subject is determined by the fact that Mongolia undertook to comply with international legal norms on combating money laundering. In particular, it ratified the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime of 2000, the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003 and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Financing of Terrorism of 1999. Mongolia became a member of the Asia-Pacific Anti-Money-Laundering Organisation in July 2004, and within the framework of the agreements and conventions, Mongolia is expected to assume responsibility for combating money-laundering to the international community. The situation of money laundering offences committed throughout the country has declined and there is a need to strengthen the fight against this type of crime, which is indicated by the crime situation. The purpose of this research is to examine the situation of money laundering offences in Mongolia, to find out the peculiarities of investigation and trial of this type of crime, to identify the trends and issues to be considered, the possibilities of creating conditions for improving the results of combating money laundering. The methods of this research are comparison and statistical measurements. General scientific, special and private-scientific methods were also used. The generalisation of judicial practice in cases of legalisation of income has been carried out using analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction. The comparison of legal regulation on different types of predicate offence has been carried out. The principle of historicism made it possible to evaluate the dynamics of formation of the Criminal Law of Mongolia in different periods. Results. According to the results of the research the necessity of making changes in the Criminal Code, in particular, on the issues related to the predicate offence, as well as in the law on combating money laundering and terrorism financing, developing the basis for effective systemic and non-systemic cooperation in the field of financial monitoring services, including with foreign organisations (e.g. «Egmont»).
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Aigbe, Irene Airen, i Anthony Cosmas Essiet. "TOWARDS ACHIEVING THE PURPOSES OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC) FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION IN NIGERIA: ESSENTIALITY AND NECESSITY OF EFFECTIVE DOMESTIC ENFORCEMENT INSTITUTIONS". UCC Law Journal 3, nr 2 (1.02.2024): 73–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ucclj.v3i2.1360.
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Corruption violates human rights and manifests in many forms including embezzlement, bribery, and money laundering. It is a crime which includes economic and financial crimes. It exists in every country of the world including Nigeria. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003 was the direct legal response to prevent and combat the menace. The bulk of enforcement of the UNCAC is the duty of the State Parties via the domestic system but Nigeria has yet to domesticate same. This paper makes a case for the essentiality and necessity of effective domestic enforcement institutions in Nigeria towards achieving the purpose of the UNCAC.
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Kovtun, E. A. "Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption: Opportunities for International Cooperation and Results of Activities". Journal of International Analytics 13, nr 1 (28.03.2022): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2022-13-1-83-93.
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The format of international cooperation of the Conference of the Countries Participating in the UN Convention against Corruption, on the one hand, continues the traditions of international intergovernmental organizations, and on the other hand, represents a new format of interaction between states in the fi eld of anti-corruption activities, which has distinctive features. The Conference has a pivotal role in international cooperation on the prevention and combating of corruption due to the wide area of activities and the number of participants. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the features of the functioning of the Conference of the Countries Participating in the UN Convention against Corruption and the results of its activities since 2006. Using the analysis of documents and scientifi c publications, the author concludes that despite the importance of the Conference as a platform for multilateral dialogue, the countries participating in the United Nations Convention against Corruption failed to achieve signifi cant progress in the declared areas of activity. The author highlights the main diffi culties faced by states in implementing anti-corruption measures based on the norms of international law.
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Abdullah, Fathin, Prof Triono Eddy i Dr Marlina. "PERAMPASAN ASET HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI TANPA PEMIDANAAN (NON-CONVICTION BASED ASSET FORFEITURE) BERDASARKAN HUKUM INDONESIA DAN UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC)". JURNAL ILMIAH ADVOKASI 9, nr 1 (10.03.2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v9i1.2060.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Asset forfeiture is a solution to the problem asset forfeiture when a person cannot be criminally prosecuted on the grounds of death or cannot follow the criminal prosecution process as referred to in Article 77 and Article 83 of the Criminal Code of Indonesia. NCB Asset Forfeiture wants the seizure of assets resulting from corruption crimes without having to wait for a criminal verdict and is an alternative if a corruptor can’t criminally prosecuted. The regulation of asset seizure resulting from corruption by mechanism without criminalization in Indonesian law is stipulated in Article 32, Article 33, Article 34, and Article 38C of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes while the arrangement of asset forfeiture resulting from corruption crimes by mechanism without criminalization to UNCAC is stipulated in Article 54 chapter (1) letter c UNCAC. The application of NCB Asset Forfeiture in Indonesia in addition to being implemented based on the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, the State Attorney must be able to prove there has been a real loss of state finances, financial losses of the country due to corruption crimes and there are guarantees from corruptors to facilitate the application of asset seizures resulting from corruption without criminalization. Keywords: Asset Forfeiture, Proceeds of Corruption, Without Criminalization, United Nations Convention Against Corruption.
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Lailatul Fajriah, Anis, Ni Ketut Sari Adnyani i Made Sugi Hartono. "PERDAGANGAN PENGARUH (TRADING IN INFLUENCE) DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION (UNCAC)". Jurnal Komunitas Yustisia 4, nr 2 (20.08.2021): 554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v4i2.38149.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaturan mengenai perdagangan pengaruh ditinjau dari perspektif United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) serta kriminalisasi perdagangan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual serta pendekatan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah melalui studi dokumen. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perdagangan pengaruh telah diatur dalam UNCAC namun belum diimplementasikan ke daam hukum nasional walaupun Indonesia telah meratifikasi UNCAC ini sejak tahun 2006. Dalam perkembangannya, kasus mengenai perdagangan pengaruh terus bertambah dengan berbagai modus operandi yang beragam sebagaimana ketiga kasus yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Selama ini, upaya menjerat pelaku menggunakan pasal tentang suap yang mana sesungguhnya hanya terbatas pada pelaku yang merupakan penyelenggara negara atau pegawai negeri sipil saja. Oleh karena itu, dalam hukum pidana Indonesia ke depan, perlu kriminalisasi perdagangan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi, dalam hal ini didorong melalui revisi Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
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Михайлов, Валентин, i Valentin Mikhaylov. "CONFLICT OF INTERESTS: CONTENTS, PROCEDURE FOR PREVENTION AND SETTLEMENT". Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 2, nr 4 (5.09.2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21242.
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The author of the article reviews a definition of conflicts of interest which are used in such international legal acts as the Convention of the United Nations against corruption (2003), The Convention against bribery of foreign officials during implementation of international commercial transactions which was adopted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (1997), as well as in the national legislation of the Russian Federationа and a number of other countries (The Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Moldova, the Kyrgyz Republic). Subject to analysis are the organizational and legal mechanisms aimed at preventing and settlement of conflict of interests, procedure of notification of personal interests which might give rise to the collision of interests both within the sphere of state sector and private sector alike. Along with it the author analyses the problems in the course of implementation of the respective legal machinery. Specifically, it relates to the moral aspects of prevention and settlement of the conflict of interests in view of deficiencies in the existing system of normative anti corrupt prohibitions, restrictions and obligations — all aimed to prevent all possible types of corruptive practices.
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Nugroho, F. H. Eddy. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP AHLI DALAM PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI". Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan 7, nr 1 (28.02.2022): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v7i1.3221.
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Experts are often needed in efforts to eradicate corruption, for example to calculate and explain the magnitude of state financial losses as a result of corruption. Several experts who were presented by the public prosecutor in the corruption case were actually sued in a civil manner by the defendant because they were considered to have harmed him. The problem is how is the legal protection that can be given to experts in corruption cases, from the existence of legal demands both civil and/or criminal by parties who feel aggrieved? Article 32 paragraph 1 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003 (UNCAC, 2003) has mandated the need for legal protection for experts, but if you look at the existing laws and regulations, the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) does not regulate the protection of experts, thus also with the law governing corruption and the Draft Criminal Procedure Code. Legal protection for experts which is regulated definitively can be found in Article 28 paragraph (3) of Law Number 31 of 2014, but it still contains shortcomings, so that further it needs to be regulated in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code, by reformulating Article 40 paragraph (1) and make a new formulation so that the expert cannot be prosecuted criminally or civilly for the information given in good faith and contains the truth.
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Lengkong, Lonna Yohanes. "Urgensi Penerapan Perampasan Aset Dalam Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang". Jurnal Hukum to-ra : Hukum Untuk Mengatur dan Melindungi Masyarakat 9, nr 3 (21.12.2023): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55809/tora.v9i3.278.
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Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang merupakan kejahatan luar biasa yang merugikan keuangan negara dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Bahkan kedua jenis tindak pidana khusus tersebut telah menjadi isu dan sorotan di dunia internasional. Indonesia berdasarkan Corruption Perception Index Tahun 2022, saat ini berada pada nomor 34 dengan peringkat 110 dari 180 negara di dunia. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwaKonsep mengenai perampasan aset sudah banyak diakui dan diterima di dunia internasional, bahkan melibatkan kerjasama internasional untuk mewujudkannya. Dengan diratifikasinya United Nation Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) Tahun 2003 melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006, sudah seharusnya perampasan aset sebagai salah satu strategi untuk mengembalikan kerugian negara yang terjadi sebagai akibat tindak pidana korupsi dan tindak pidana pencucian uang. Oleh karenanya perlu segera diundangkan undang-undang tentang perampasan aset di Indonesia.
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Muzaki, Hanif. "Illicit Enrichment dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi". Jurist-Diction 4, nr 4 (1.07.2021): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v4i4.28455.
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AbstractCorruption can be said to be the biggest problem in Indonesia at this time, as evidenced by the rampant of the corruption cases that occur mainly among the elite or public officials. Indonesia had ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) through Law No. 7 of 2006. In the convention, several methods can be used to strengthen the eradication of corruption for state parties, one of which is the illicit enrichment method. Even though Indonesia had ratified the UNCAC but legally in Indonesia does not have any rules about illicit enrichment. The purpose of this paper is to find out, study and analyze the urgency of illicit enrichment arrangements in Indonesia. In this study using descriptive analytic methods. This method uses library research related to the regulations of law. The data that have been collected are analyzed descriptively. From this paper, it can be seen that to apply the concept of illicit enrichment in Indonesia still needs careful preparation because it will also intersect with human rights.Keywords: Illicit Enrichment; Corruption; Uncac; Ham; Urgency.AbstrakKorupsi dapat dikatakan sebagai masalah terbesar di Indonesia saat ini, terbukti dengan maraknya kasus korupsi yang terjadi terutama digolongan para elit atau pejabat publik. Indonesia telah meratifikasi United Nation Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2006. Dalam konvensi tersebut, terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memperkuat pemberantasan korupsi bagi negara pihak, salah satunya adalah metode illicit enrichment. Meskipun Indonesia telah meratifikasi UNCAC namun secara yuridis normatif Indonesia belum memiliki aturan mengenai illicit enrichment. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan menganalisis mengenai urgensi pengaturan illicit enrichment di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitif. Metode ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan yang berkaitan dengan kaidah dan peraturan perundang-undangan serta data yang terkumpul dianalisa secara deskriptif. Dari penelitian skripsi ini dapat diketahui bahwa untuk menerapkan konsep illicit enrichment di Indonesia masih perlu persiapan yang matang karena juga akan bersinggungan dengan hak asasi manusia.Kata Kunci: Illicit Enrichment; Korupsi; UNCAC; HAM; Urgensi.
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DORUL, Olga, i Fredolin LECARI. "Milestones of international cooperation in preventing and countering illicit drug trafficking". BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Law Series 142, nr 1 (31.03.2023): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6844-2023-142-1-202-210.
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Drug trafficking is considered by contemporary academics to be one of the most widespread forms of organized transnational crime. The unstable regional political situation, corruption, armed conflicts, poverty, and other factors are recognized as contributing to the expansion of this phenomenon. The United Nations has aimed to channel state cooperation in eradicating the drug scourge. Among the most effective tools in this regard are the creation of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the adoption on 15 November 2000 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. In this article, we aim to analyze the forms of inter-state cooperation in the prevention and combating of illicit drug trafficking and their impact on the phenomenon under investigation; also, we will analyze the legal nature of drug trafficking as an act that infringes on the interests of the modern international community.
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Peng, Xinlin. "The reform of criminal procedure of corruption cases in China". International Journal of Legal Discourse 3, nr 1 (28.08.2018): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2018-2006.
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Abstract In order to achieve fundamental results in punishing corruption crime, we should adhere to the legal anti-corruption pattern, advance with the Rule of Law, and make anti-corruption standardized and institutionalized. The bottom line is that we should reform and improve the criminal procedure for corruption crime in China. Problems in the current procedure for corruption crime mainly include: the presumption rules for corruption crime have not been established, the absence of stigma witness exemption system, the witness protection system, the investigation jurisdiction are not perfect, the supervision of investigation is weak, the lack of absentee trial system for corrupt crime, the non-institutionalization of off-site trial, technical investigation measures may be abused, and difficulties in person sought for corruption and asset recovery. To reform and improve the procedure for corruption crime in China, it is suggested that special procedures for corruption crime be set up as appropriate, relevant contents of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) should be reasonably absorbed, and efforts should be made to promote the institutionalization of the reform achievements in criminal procedure of corruption crime.
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Obokata, Tom, Aleksandar Boskovic i Nenad Radovic. "Serbia’s Action against Transnational Organised Crime". European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 24, nr 2-3 (26.06.2016): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-24032090.
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This article examines the extent to which Serbia has implemented relevant international standards on action against transnational organised crime contained in the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime 2000. The first part explores key obligations with particular reference to prohibition of substantive offences, intelligence-led law enforcement (special investigative techniques), confiscation of criminal proceeds, as well as international law enforcement cooperation. The second part of the article analyses how these obligations are implemented by Serbia in reality by examining legislative frameworks as well as law enforcement practices. The main conclusion is that, while Serbia has taken some steps to implement international standards with a view to enhancing individual and collective actions against transnational organised crime, effective law enforcement is hampered by issues such as corruption and a lack of expertise, experience and resources.
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Meilytia, Audifirdha, i Elly Sudarti. "Pengaturan Suap Sektor Swasta Sebagai Salah Satu Tindak Pidana Korupsi Dalam Perspektif Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana". PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law 4, nr 2 (31.07.2023): 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pampas.v4i2.27538.
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The purposes of this study are 1)To analyze and examine the regulation of bribery in private sector as one of the criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia. 2)To find out the urgency of bribery regulation in the private sector as one of the criminal acts of corruption in the perspective of criminal law reform. The result of this study argued that the regulation of bribery in Indonesia has not been regulated in the Corruption Act. Therefore, the Corruption Eradication Commission lacks the authority to handle corruption cases that occur in the private sector. Above all, in view of the urgency, Indonesia has been considered vital to make adjustments to legislation with the United Nations Convention Against Corruption to specifically regulate bribery occurring in the private sector. The author’s suggestion to law enforces 1)It is compulsory to ament the law by updating the Criminal Code and revising Law Number 13 of 1999 concerning Amendments to Law Number 20 of 2001 on Corruption Eradication. 2)Regulate the criminal act of bribery in the private sector to the greatest degree, in a persistent and an upright manner. Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1)Untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji pengaturan suap di sektor swasta sebagai salah satu tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. 2)Untuk mengetahui urgensi pengaturan suap di sektor swasta sebagai slaah satu tindak pidana korupsi dalam perspektif pembaharuan hukum pidana. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dikemukakan bahwa pengaturan mengenai tindak pidana suap di Indonesia belum diatur di dalam Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan oleh karena itu, Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi tidak memiliki wewenang untuk menangani kasus korupsi yang terjadi di sektor swasta. Dan apabila dilihat dari urgensinya, Indonesia dianggap sudah sangat perlu melakukan penyesuaian peraturan perundang-undangan dengan United Nations Convention Against Corruption untuk mengatur secara khusus mengenai tindak pidana suap yang terjadi di sektor swasta. Saran penulis kepada para penegak hukum 1)Perlunya dilakukan pembaharuan hukum dengan melakukan pembaharuan terhadap Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dsan merevisi Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 20 tahun 2001 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. 2)Mengatur tindak pidana suap di sektor swasta secara maksimal, konsisten dan jujur.
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Ndedi, Alain. "Developing and implementing an anti-corruption ethics and compliance programme in the African environment". Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, nr 4 (2015): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i4c2art3.
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This article discusses the development and implementation of anti-corruption ethics and compliance programme in the African business environment. In the past decade, an international legal framework has been developed to tackle corruption both in public and private sectors. This framework includes the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), which entered into force in 2005, and the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, which entered into force in 1999. These instruments mandate that State Parties must criminalise and punish a variety of corrupt practices. Relevant domestic laws have a direct impact on business, especially in States Parties instruments that require the establishment of liability of legal persons for corrupt acts. The African Union Convention also requires States Parties to establish mechanisms to encourage participation by the private sector in the fight against unfair competition, respect of the tender procedures and property rights. The paper details various steps needed to efficiently and effectively implement anti-corruption ethics and compliance programme in the African context. The first part of the paper develops the primary objective of the corruption risk assessment which is to better understand the risk exposure so that informed risk management decisions may be taken. A structured approach for how enterprises could conduct an anti-corruption risk assessment will be outlined in this first section. The author argued in this same first section that each enterprise’s own risk assessment exercise is unique, depending on that enterprise’s industry, size, location, and other factors inherent to that organisation. The second part of the paper drafts the development and the implementation of an anti-corruption programme. The paper concludes by stating that an anti-corruption and compliance programme is not a panacea for fighting all the ills on corruption and fraud problems that a certain country or company is facing.
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Durdynets, Myroslav Yu, Raisa V. Perelyhina, Olga A. Klymenko, Iryna M. Semeniuk i Lidiia M. Kostetska. "Counteraction to Corruption Offences in Ukraine and the EU: Comparative Legal Aspect". Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, nr 5 (21.09.2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0100.
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The article focuses on counteraction to corruption offences in Ukraine and the EU. To this end, the authors conducted a consistent analysis of international legal acts in the field of combating corruption, in particular the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 10/31/2003; Council of Europe Criminal Convention for the Suppression of Corruption (ETS 173) No. ETS173 of 01/27/1999; Resolutions (97)24 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on the Twenty Guiding Principles for the Fight against Corruption, etc. The study provides a systemic analysis of individual cases of experience in counteraction to corruption offences in EU countries. Experience of Great Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, etc. is explored. The authors proved that all EU countries provide criminal liability for committing corruption offences. In different countries, criminal laws differ in the different levels of detailing of crime, as well as in the different content of the concept of corruption offence. It is proven that corruption must always be considered as criminal offence only. Today, such unambiguity is advisable in the fight against corruption in Ukraine, where the criminalization of a number of blatantly corrupt practices, such as unjust enrichment, lasts for a long period and is ambiguously effective. The article also concludes that the most effective approach of legal support for combating corruption is one that covers criminal prosecution, disclosure of information about public authorities and private entities, their income levels, their wealth, etc., as well as the interaction of law enforcement agencies with the fiscal authorities. On the example of EU countries, we showed that monitoring of financial information of public officials under the private and public laws with the proper level of analytical support for its processing provides the necessary basis for law enforcement agencies to initiate criminal proceedings for such crimes. Special attention is also paid to expanding the scope of administrative services provided by public officials as being covered by the attributes of corruption and lacking legislative support. This will significantly increase the level of transparency of the activity of public authorities, while reducing the level of corruption manifestations. An important conclusion of the article is that the effectiveness of criminal prosecution for committing corruption offences depends on the level of legal culture and the level of legal awareness of both the public and public servants.
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Макарова, Оксана, i Oksana Makarova. "Ensuring Safety of Individuals Contributing to Prevention and Detection of Corruption-Related Crimes". Journal of Russian Law 3, nr 7 (25.06.2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11756.
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The objective of any government is to ensure safety of individuals, contributing to prevention and detection of crime. The problem of protecting whistleblowers, who receive inadequate attention from the national legislator, is one of the most important problems. The Russian Federation has accepted obligations to take appropriate measures to ensure effective protection of individuals reporting about corruption, as a member state to the United Nations Convention against corruption, adopted in New York on 31 October 2003 and ratified by the Federal law on 08.03.2006 N 40-FZ (Art. 32-33). However, it should be recognized that the national legislation does not contain all of the Convention principles, and Russia takes insufficient measures to implement the international community’s recommendations on the application of security measures to protect whistleblowers from the adverse consequences for them. The article analyzes the current legislation regulating the system of measures of state protection of individuals ensuring criminal justice in general, and whistleblowers in particular. The article notes that the legislation, regulating the state protection of individuals, contributing to the prevention and detection of crime, to a large extent takes into account the fundamental international principles and standards for ensuring safety of individuals in criminal proceedings. However, there remains the problem of insufficient protection measures in relation to whistleblowers, which is one of the reasons for poor efficiency of prevention and detection of corruption crimes. To solve this problem, the author proposes some measures that strengthen protection of whistleblowers to a maximum extent, as well as contribute to further improvement of the legislation in the sphere of state protection of individuals promoting criminal justice.
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Mahdi, Wahyu Laksana, Meza Rahmada Garini i Carissa Ivadanti Azzahra. "Skema Penerapan Unexplained Wealth: Reformulasi Perampasan Aset pada Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia". Al-Jinayah Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam 8, nr 1 (17.06.2022): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/aj.2022.8.1.85-101.
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Abstract: The criminal act of corruption has developed as an extraordinary crime. Corruption eradication regulations in Indonesia still focus on non-asset so that they have not been effective in suppressing corruption crimes. The authors uses a normative juridical research with a statutory approach. The government's efforts to confiscate the assets of criminal acts of corruption have two mechanisms, namely criminal and civil in Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law, Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, as well as Law No. 7 of 2006 concerning Ratification of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption. The regulation does not yet have a comprehensive framework. Therefore, unexplained wealth as a mechanism for confiscating assets to optimize actions in criminal acts of corruption. There are three implementations of unexplained wealth. First, renewal of legal products, namely the Draft Law on Confiscation of Criminal Acts of Assets, especially corruption. Second, law enforcement officials are guided by the regulations that have been drafted in the Asset Confiscation Draft. Third, the proof mechanism uses reverse proof. Keywords: Asset Confiscation, Corruption, Mechanism, Scheme, Unexplained Wealth.
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Kusnadi, Kusnadi. "Kebijakan Formulasi Ketentuan Pengembalian Aset Hasil Tindak Pidana Korupsi". Corruptio 1, nr 2 (10.11.2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/corruptio.v1i2.2097.
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Law enforcement officials in settling cases of corruption do not only prioritize physical punishment, but also prioritize the recovery of state financial losses through the return of assets, therefore a system is needed that allows for the confiscation and seizure of assets resulting from corrupt acts effectively and efficiently. Policy on the Formulation of Provisions for Returning Assets resulting from Corruption in Indonesia is currently scattered in several laws including the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code, the Corruption Eradication Act (PTPK Law), the Law on Money Laundering (UU TPPU) and the United Nations Convention against Corruption UNCAC) 2003. Formulation of provisions for returning assets in the future can apply the concept of confiscation of assets resulting from corruption without criminal penalties in accordance with Article 54 paragraph (1) letter c of UNCAC 2003. The research approach uses a normative juridical approach and an empirical juridical approach. The speakers consisted of prosecutors in the Indonesian Attorney General's Office, as well as Lecturers in Criminal Law at the Faculty of Law, University Lampung. Data collection was carried out with literature and field studies. Data analysis was performed qualitatively and then conclusions were drawn. The results of the study show that the formulation of the provisions for returning assets as a result of corruption acts currently adheres to the concept of appropriation of assets through a court decision that has permanent legal force while the formulation of the provisions for returning assets as a result of corruption in the future is realized taking into account the interests of the State or the community as victims from criminal acts of corruption by applying the Dutch concept of recovery of assets after a court decision, based on the concept of appropriation of assets against profits derived from the results of criminal acts, as well as applying the concept of appropriation of assets in a civil manner without being preceded by criminal sanctions as formulated in Article 1 paragraph (3) of the Draft Bill Confiscation of Criminal Asset. Suggestions in this study should be the Government and the Parliament to harmonize the provisions of asset recovery contained in the PTPK Law and the TPPU Law to be in line with the concept of asset recovery (Asset Recovery) regulated in UNCAC 2003, to apply the concept of asset return after a court decision and the concept of appropriation of assets against profits. Obtained from the results of a criminal offense against amendments to the PTPK Law, and immediately ratified the Criminal Asset Seizure Draft Bill into Laws for effective return of assets resulting from a criminal act of corruption.
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Sembiring, Imentari Siin, Elly Sudarti i Andi Najemi. "Urgensi Perumusan Perbuatan Memperdagangkan Pengaruh sebagai Tindak Pidana Korupsi". Undang: Jurnal Hukum 3, nr 1 (7.07.2020): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ujh.3.1.59-84.
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This article discusses the act of trading in influence as a form of corruption as regulated in the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) but has not been implemented into Indonesian criminal law even though it was ratified in 2006. Trading in influence is a form of trilateral relationship of corruption which involves at least three parties, namely an influential party, a party that has the authority, and an interest. This article concludes, the formulation of trading influence as a criminal act of corruption is urgent in three aspects. First, the regulation in national law is a form of transformation of UNCAC provisions that have been ratified. Second, several cases of corruption so far, as in the two cases discussed here, actually show a form of trading in influence, even though law enforcement is imposed with bribery. Third, efforts to impose actors of trading in influence with the bribery Article as so far, are actually limited to actors who are state administrators or civil servants; in the event that the actor is not part of the two, the subjective elements of bribery Article are not fulfilled. Therefore, in the future criminal law policy, it is necessary to accommodate the formulation of trading in influence as a criminal act of corruption, in this case offered through the revision of the Corruption Eradication Act.
Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas perbuatan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai salah satu bentuk korupsi sebagaimana diatur dalam United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) namun belum diimplementasikan dalam hukum pidana Indonesia meski telah diratifikasi pada 2006. Memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai bentuk trilateral relationship merupakan bentuk korupsi yang melibatkan sedikitnya tiga pihak, yaitu pihak yang berpengaruh, pihak yang memiliki kewenangan, serta pihak yang memiliki kepentingan. Artikel ini menyimpulkan, perumusan perbuatan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi urgen dalam tiga hal. Pertama, pengaturannya dalam hukum nasional merupakan bentuk dari transformasi ketentuan UNCAC yang sudah diratifikasi. Kedua, beberapa kasus korupsi selama ini, sebagaimana dalam dua kasus yang dibahas di sini, sebenarnya menunjukkan adanya bentuk memperdagangkan pengaruh, sekalipun pada akhirnya dijerat penegak hukum dengan suap. Ketiga, upaya menjerat pelaku memperdagangkan pengaruh dengan Pasal tentang suap sebagaimana yang selama ini dikenakan, sesungguhnya terbatas pada pelaku yang merupakan penyelenggara negara atau pegawai negeri; dalam hal pelaku bukan bagian dari keduanya maka unsur subjektif dari Pasal suap tidak terpenuhi. Karena itu, dalam kebijakan hukum pidana ke depan, perlu diakomodasi perumusan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi, dalam hal ini didorong melalui revisi Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.
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Dwi Juliani, Rika, i Syofiaty Lubis. "Pengembalian aset hasil korupsi dan penanggulangan korupsi melalui penyitaan non-conviction based asset forfeiture: tinjauan hukum Indonesia dan united nations convention against corruption (UNCAC) 2003". Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia 9, nr 1 (23.06.2023): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.29210/1202322846.
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Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui problematika pengaturan pengembalian kerugian negara hasil tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia dan untuk mengetahui urgensi pembaruan penyitaan korupsi melalui <em>non-conviction based asset forfeiture</em> dalam pengembalian kerugian negara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan jenis pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan <em>(statue approach)</em> dan pendekatan konseptual <em>(conseptual approach)</em>. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang terbagi atas bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Data sekunder tersebut diperoleh melalui teknik pengumpulan studi kepustakaan <em>(library research)</em>. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kemajuan teknologi menciptakan kemudahan bagi para pelaku untuk menjalankan tindak pidana dan menyembunyikan hasil tindak pidana tersebut dengan metode yang lebih mudah. Hal ini kemudian harus di atasi dengan adanya ketentuan hukum yang sesuai dengan keadaan saat ini dan masa yang akan datang sehingga upaya perampasan aset dapat mencapai hasil yang maksima sehingga perlu pembaruan terhadap mekanisme yang ada baik mekanisme pidana maupun perdata sehingga dapat terwujud upaya. Berdasarkan analisis normatif yang telah dilakukan, <em>Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfetiure</em> mempunyai potensi yang baik, yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu perangkat hukum di Indonesia dalam mengembalikan kerugian negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi. Mekanisme Sebagai salah satu negara yang meratifikasi konvensi tersebut, seharusnya Indonesia harus menindaklanjuti proses legislasi nasional Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Perampasan Aset Tindak Pidana.
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Semenov, V. A., i V. V. Ereshkin. "Corruptive Factors in Local Government (Case of St. Petersburg)". Administrative Consulting, nr 3 (24.05.2023): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2023-3-10-27.
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In the new history of present states, one of the main risks to the socio-economic development of society is corruption. The fight against it is based on the development of normative and legal acts, prevention and prevention, information and investigative activities, and is expressed in the form of deterrence and counteraction.The fundamental regulatory framework is the “United Nations Convention against Corruption” (adopted in New York on October 31, 2003 by Resolution 58/4 at the 51st plenary session of the 58th UN General Assembly), the Federal Law “On Countering Corruption” of 12/25/2008 N 273-FL. At the same time, to date, combating corruption in local government is regulated superficially and is formal in character. Due to the actual closed nature of the activities and peculiarities of the functioning of local government, the issues of corruption are not fully studied in order to provide effective prevention and counteraction.The possibility of a detailed study of corruptionogenic factors of local government and the development of methods of counteraction became possible after the elections of 2019, after which non-systemic municipal deputies were elected to the representative bodies of local government. Exercising the powers in the representative body of local government, municipal deputies independent from the territorial executive bodies of state power were able to study the specifics of the functioning of local government, make public the issues of the problem field, identify vulnerable places in the activities, take response measures and make appropriate practical conclusions.The purpose of this article is to establish the causes of the emergence of corruption in local government on the example of a separate municipality of the MO Svetlanovskoye of St. Petersburg. Study of the causes of the emergence of corruptionogenic factors, search and proposal of possible ways to address the issue of effective counteraction to corruption in local government in the new conditions of life of modern society.On the basis of the study the authors declare the need to take specific measures of response of the public authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation and the representative body of local government, aimed at creating certain conditions for effective counteraction and prevention of corruption, minimizing the consequences of corruptogenic factors in the modern conditions of democratic functioning of local government.
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Cholfia Aldamia, Refi Meidiantama. "PENGEMBALIAN ASET PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA". Muhammadiyah Law Review 6, nr 1 (3.01.2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/lr.v6i1.1847.
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Korupsi sebagai kejahatan luar biasa mendorong setiap negara untuk menanganinya dengan tindakan-tindakan yang luar biasa pula. Korupsi mengakibatkan efek domino bagi sistem pembagunan sebuah negara. Untuk menyelamatkan negara dari penurunan kesejahteraan, terdapat kecenderungan global yang ditunjukkan dengan maraknya penerapan sita hasil tindak pidana (asset recovery). Hukum internasional menganggap korupsi sebagai salah satu tindak pidana yang dapat dilakukan secara lintas batas, dan karena itu harus diatur dalam Hukum Internasional. Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) menetapkan instrumen pemberantasan korupsi pada tahun 2003 yaitu United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) sebagai pedoman bagi negara-negara anggota PBB yang memiliki komitmen dalam mencegah dan memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan lebih lanjut terkait sejauh mana hukum internasional mengatur pengembalia aset dan implementasinya dalam hukum Indonesia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum internasional mengatur pengembalian aset pada Pasal 51 UNCAC dan hukum Indonesia memuat ketentuan ini dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang PemberantasanTindak Pidana Korupsi. Namun undang-undang saat ini masih menitikberatkan pada pemenjaraan terhadap pelaku daripada pengembalian aset negara yang hilang akibat korupsi, padahal sebenarnya tujuan utama pemberantasan korupsi adalah pengembalian aset yang hilang untuk dikembalikan kepada negara.
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Prakasa, Satria Unggul Wicaksana. "Garuda Indonesia-Rolls Royce Corruption, Transnational Crime, and Eradication Measures". Lentera Hukum 6, nr 3 (31.12.2019): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v6i3.14112.
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The appointment of Emirsyah Satar, former President Director of PT Garuda Indonesia, and former Director of PT Mugi Rekso Abadi, Soetikno Soearjo who was the beneficial owner of Connaught International Pte. Ltd. as an intermediary for bribery against the Emirsyah in the alleged bribery case of aircraft and aircraft engine procurement from Airbus SAS and Rolls Royce PLC by PT. Garuda. Cross-border corruption carried out by Rolls-Royce is not only corruption committed by a private entity, but the case is also related to efforts to recognize the concept of Foreign Affairs Bribery as a new type of corruption. This research aims to find out the corruption as a transnational crime committed by multinational corporations and how inter-state cooperative actions can prosecute corruption cases. Legal questions raised are: (1) how can the United Nations Convention Against Corruption mechanism be used in exposing the Garuda Indonesia-Rolls Royce corruption case as a transnational crime, and (2) what legal remedies which can be applied to punish corruption committed between Garuda Indonesia-Rolls Royce? This study argues that, as part of transnational crime, of course, Garuda Indonesia and Rolls-Royce's corruption is an extraordinary crime that is not only detrimental to business practices but also the rule of law in Indonesia and other countries involved. Corruption done by Rolls-Royce, which involved Emirsyah Satar as a former director of Garuda Indonesia, has harmed Indonesia. Thus, Jurisdiction of criminal acts of corruption is needed. It should be under the legal system of corruption eradication in Indonesia. There is a need for interpretation because Indonesia is part of the state which ratified UNCAC through Law No. 7 of 2006. Therefore, recognizing the Foreign Affairs Bribery concept as part of a judge's rechtvinding (finding of law) of the Criminal Court that multinational/transnational corporations comply with and respect the rule of law and eradication of corruption in Indonesia. It includes in making lex specialis (law governing a specific subject matter) related to Foreign Affairs Bribery so that similar cases do not occur in the future for Indonesia.
Keywords: Corruption, Transnational Crime, Garuda Indonesia, Rolls-Royce.
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Yoserwan, Yoserwan. "Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Dana Desa oleh Pemerintahan Nagari sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Sumatera Barat". Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 12, nr 1 (6.03.2023): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.30652/jih.v12i1.8511.
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AbstrakSalah satu kebijakan pemerintah dalam pemerataan pembangunan adalah program dana desa yang dikelola langsung oleh pemerintahan desa. Namun menurut Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) Dana Desa sangat rawan penyalahgunaan. Selama tahun 2021 terdapat 154 dan nilai kerugian sebesar Rp.233. Oleh sebab itu perlu upaya untuk pencegahan terjadinya tindak pidana korupsi dalam pengelolaan dana desa. Dalam upaya pemberantasan korupsi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), melalui United Nation Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) Tahun 2003 mengamanatkan perlunya mengebangkan kebijakan kontrol sosial yang melibatkan peranserta masyarakat. Di Sumatera Barat, pengelolaan dana desa sebagian besarnya dilasanakan oleh pemerintahan nagari sesuai dengan otonomi yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode penelitian hukum sosiologis yakni untuk melihat penerapan hukum secara konkrit (in conctreto) di tengah masyarakat. Penelitian menghimpun data primer di pemerintahan nagari. Data yang terkumpul akan diolah secara kualitatif. Wawancara dilakukan dengan narasumber yang ada di nagari yakni dengan pemuka masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dana desa dilaksanakan di semua tahapan, baik dalam perencanaan melalui Musrembang, dan dalam pelaksanan. Partisipasi dalam pengawasan dilaksanakan sesuai dengan aturan negara dan aturan hukum adat yang ada di nagari melibatkan semu komponen nagari. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan nagari sangat urgen dalam keberhasil pengelolaan dana desa karena perencanaannya sesuai dengan aspirasi masyarakat. Partisipasi masyarakat perlu dioptimalkan melalui suatu sistem partisipasi masyarakat secara lebih komprehensif.
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Golovin, Alexander, i Natalia Bugayevskaya. "Illicit Enrichment: a New Approach to Criminalizing the Act". Russian Journal of Criminology 14, nr 4 (31.08.2020): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(4).593-600.
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The authors analyze the necessity and expediency of incorporating the norm on liability for illicit enrichment into Russian criminal legislation in accordance with the requirements of Art. 20 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003. The ratification of this international legal document placed Russian lawmakers under an obligation to modernize the anti-corruption legislation, including an obligation to recognize the illegal character of the actions of those officials whose assets have increased disproportionally to their legal income. The authors recognize the existence of different approaches to estimating illicit enrichment as corpus delicti. They rebut the allegation that establishing criminal liability for illicit enrichment does not correspond to the principles of criminal and criminal procedure law; they draw parallels with the current corpora delicti (illegal entrepreneurship and others) in criminal law and prove that establishing that a person possesses certain assets does not contradict the principle of guilt and the principle of the presumption of innocence. The criminal law analysis of illicit enrichment was carried out using the method of modeling corpus delicti with the use of constructions suggested by other scholars and the authors of the draft law on changes in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation regarding this corpus delicti. The criticism of the suggested models and the research of some elements of corpus delicti, specifically, the objective side of illicit enrichment, led the authors to the conclusion that it is impossible to include this corpus delicti into law because it does not correspond to the requirements of the constitutional and criminal law principle of justice. The impossibility of criminalizing illicit enrichment does not contradict the recommendatory character of conventional norms and does not result in a gap in law. The problem is solved on the basis of legislation on public service, civil and civil procedure legislation. The examined court practice regarding the cases in which the prosecutors requested to turn into a state income the assets whose licit acquisition has not been proven makes it possible to claim that international anti-corruption standards connected with illicit enrichment have been put into practice.
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Pratiwi, Rieska Ayu Bella, i Nur Khamnari Derby Pambudi. "Menakar Urgensi Kriminalisasi Kepemilikan Harta Tidak Wajar melalui Kebijakan Legislasi dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia". Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 24, nr 1 (20.03.2024): 043. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2024.v24.043-056.
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Ownership of inappropriate assets by public officials or named illicit enrichment is still a hot issue. Indonesia itself has a wealth reporting instrument for public officials called the State Officials’ Wealth Report (LHKPN) as a means of controlling and supervising the wealth of public officials. In practice, many public officials have unappropriate assets and are suspected to have been obtained illegally, but these assets cannot be taken by the state because they have not been or have been proven to be the proceeds of criminal act. Thus, this research aims to examine the potential for resolving this problem by criminalizing the ownership of improper assets by public officials, which aims to minimize the incidence of state financial losses. Based on the results of the research, it shows that there are at least two alternative ways, namely (a) making the illegal ownership of public officials whose legality is not proven to be one of the criminal offenses of corruption through the revision of the Corruption Law; or (b) formulate and ratify provisions related to illicit enrichment in the Asset Confiscation Bill. The criminalization of illicit enrichment is a form of implementation of the provisions of Article 20 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) as ratified by Indonesia with Law Number 7 of 2006 with the aim of preventing corrupt actions by public officials. This research uses a normative research method with a regulatory-legislative approach and a conceptual approach, the results of which are presented in prescriptive form.