Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Ungauged rivers

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Ungauged rivers”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 25 maja 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Ungauged rivers"

Agrawal, Niraj Kumar, Anil Kumar Lohani i N. K. Goel. "Physiographic Analysis of Tehri Dam Catchment and Development of GIUH Based Nash Model for Ungauged Rivers". Current World Environment 14, nr 2 (24.06.2019): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.14.2.06.

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Advanced information about incoming flows is required for operation of a variety of hydraulic structures including multipurpose storage hydropower projects. Inflow forecasts are used for optimum power generation during non -monsoon season and operation of gates and spillways during the flood season. In order to develop an inflow forecasting system for a reservoir, it has been observed that many a times number of ungauged rivers directly falling into the reservoirs are not accounted for. Such is the case for the Tehri Reservoir, where 16 small rivers/tributaries which are directly contributing to Tehri reservoir are ungauged. In the present study an attempt has been made to carry out physiographic objective Tehri catchment and to develop Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) for ungauged rivers/tributaries directly falling into the reservoir. GIUH developed for the ungauged rivers can be used to simulate the runoff from all the 16 ungauged rivers. Combining these GIUH models with a hydrological model of the other gauged rivers of the Tehri Catchment in the form of a network model provides a complete rainfall-runoff model. Thus, this study provides a useful input for the development of inflow forecasting model for the Tehri Dam as the network model can be used as flood forecasting model.

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Bonasia, Rosanna, i Mackendy Ceragene. "Hydraulic Numerical Simulations of La Sabana River Floodplain, Mexico, as a Tool for a Flood Terrain Response Analysis". Water 13, nr 24 (9.12.2021): 3516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13243516.

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The floodplain of La Sabana River, Guerrero State, Mexico, was subject to disastrous floods due to the passage of extreme weather phenomena. This is a situation facing many ungauged rivers in Mexico, as well as in other developing countries, where increased urbanization and a lack of monitoring systems make many inhabited areas more vulnerable to flooding. The purpose of this work is to provide a tool for determining the flood terrain response to flooding based on a hydraulic study. This methodology combines a hydrological analysis of the river basin with the floodplain hydraulic study for the precise identification of overflow points and the resulting flood levels. Results show that, for an ungauged river, hydraulic analysis is an essential tool for determining the main potential flood points and establishing whether the river has the capacity to contain floods. Specifically, it is shown that La Sabana River is predisposed to overflow long before the river reaches its maximum flow, even in correspondence with more frequent flood scenarios. This study shows a further application that a hydraulic model can have to improve flood risk preparedness for ungauged rivers of regions where other types of monitoring tools cannot be used.

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Lou, Hezhen, Pengfei Wang, Shengtian Yang, Fanghua Hao, Xiaoyu Ren, Yue Wang, Liuhua Shi, Juan Wang i Tongliang Gong. "Combining and Comparing an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Multiple Remote Sensing Satellites to Calculate Long-Term River Discharge in an Ungauged Water Source Region on the Tibetan Plateau". Remote Sensing 12, nr 13 (6.07.2020): 2155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12132155.

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Research into global water resources is challenged by the lack of ground-based hydrometric stations and limited data sharing. It is difficult to collect good quality, long-term information about river discharges in ungauged regions. Herein, an approach was developed to determine the river discharges of 24 rivers in ungauged regions on the Tibetan Plateau on a long-term scale. This method involved coupling the Manning–Strickler formula, and data from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the Gaofen-2, SPOT-5, and Sentinel-2 satellites. We also compared the discharges calculated by using the three satellites’ data. Fundamental information about the rivers was extracted from the UAV data. Comparison of the discharges calculated from the in-situ measurements and the UAV data gave an R2 value of 0.84, an average NSE of 0.79, and an RMSE of 0.11 m3/s. The river discharges calculated with the GF-2 remote sensing data and the in-situ experiments for the same months were compared and the R2, RMSE, and the NSE were 0.80, 1.8 m3/s, and 0.78, respectively. Comparing the discharges calculated over the long term from the measured in-situ data and the SPOT-5 and Sentinel-2 data gave R2 values of 0.93 and 0.92, and RMSE values of 2.56 m3/s and 3.16 m3/s, respectively. The results showed that the GF-2 and UAV were useful for calculating the discharges for low-flow rivers, while the SPOT-5 or the Sentinel-2 satellite gave good results for high-flow river discharges in the long-term. Our results demonstrate that the discharges in ungauged tributaries can be reliably estimated in the long-term with this method. This method extended the previous research, which described river discharge only in one period and provided more support to the monitoring and management of the tributaries in ungauged regions.

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Hou, Jiawei, Albert I. J. M. van Dijk, Luigi J. Renzullo i Robert A. Vertessy. "Using modelled discharge to develop satellite-based river gauging: a case study for the Amazon Basin". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, nr 12 (11.12.2018): 6435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6435-2018.

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Abstract. River discharge measurements have proven invaluable to monitor the global water cycle, assess flood risk, and guide water resource management. However, there is a delay, and ongoing decline, in the availability of gauging data and stations are highly unevenly distributed globally. While not a substitute for river discharge measurement, remote sensing is a cost-effective technology to acquire information on river dynamics in situations where ground-based measurements are unavailable. The general approach has been to relate satellite observation to discharge measured in situ, which prevents its use for ungauged rivers. Alternatively, hydrological models are now available that can be used to estimate river discharge globally. While subject to greater errors and biases than measurements, model estimates of river discharge do expand the options for applying satellite-based discharge monitoring in ungauged rivers. Our aim was to test whether satellite gauging reaches (SGRs), similar to virtual stations in satellite altimetry, can be constructed based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) optical or Global Flood Detection System (GFDS) passive microwave-derived surface water extent fraction and simulated discharge from the World-Wide Water (W3) model version 2. We designed and tested two methods to develop SGRs across the Amazon Basin and found that the optimal grid cell selection method performed best for relating MODIS and GFDS water extent to simulated discharge. The number of potential river reaches to develop SGRs increases from upstream to downstream reaches as rivers widen. MODIS SGRs are feasible for more river reaches than GFDS SGRs due to its higher spatial resolution. However, where they could be constructed, GFDS SGRs predicted discharge more accurately as observations were less affected by cloud and vegetation. We conclude that SGRs are suitable for automated large-scale application and offer a possibility to predict river discharge variations from satellite observations alone, for both gauged and ungauged rivers.

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Yang, Shengtian, Chaojun Li, Hezhen Lou, Pengfei Wang, Juan Wang i Xiaoyu Ren. "Performance of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Calculating the Flood Peak Discharge of Ephemeral Rivers Combined with the Incipient Motion of Moving Stones in Arid Ungauged Regions". Remote Sensing 12, nr 10 (18.05.2020): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12101610.

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Ephemeral rivers are vital to ecosystem balance and human activities as essential surface runoff, while convenient and effective ways of calculating the peak discharge of ephemeral rivers are scarce, especially in ungauged areas. In this study, a new method was proposed using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) combined with the incipient motion of stones to calculate the peak discharge of ephemeral rivers in northwestern China, a typical arid ungauged region. Two field surveys were conducted in dry seasons of 2017 and 2018. Both the logarithmic and the exponential velocity distribution methods were examined when estimating critical initial velocities of moving stones. Results reveal that centimeter-level orthoimages derived from UAV data can demonstrate the movement of stones in the ephemeral river channel throughout one year. Validations with peak discharge through downstream culverts confirmed the effectiveness of the method. The exponential velocity distribution method performs better than the logarithmic method regardless of the amount of water through the two channels. The proposed method performs best in the combination of the exponential method and the river channel with evident flooding (>20 m3/s), with the relative accuracy within 10%. In contrast, in the river channel with a little flow (around 1 m3/s), the accuracies are weak because of the limited number of small moving stones found due to the current resolution of UAV data. The poor performance in the river channel with a little flow could further be improved by identifying smaller moving stones, especially using UAV data with better spatial resolution. The presented method is easy and flexible to apply with appropriate accuracy. It also has great potential for extensive applications in obtaining runoff information of ephemeral rivers in ungauged regions, especially with the quick advance of UAV technology.

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Yang, Shengtian, Juan Wang, Pengfei Wang, Tongliang Gong i Huiping Liu. "Low Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Satellite Remote Sensing Are Used to Calculated River Discharge Attenuation Coefficients of Ungauged Catchments in Arid Desert". Water 11, nr 12 (13.12.2019): 2633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122633.

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The arid desert ecosystem is very fragile, and the change of its river discharge has a direct impact on irrigation and natural environment. River discharge attenuation coefficients is a key index to reveal the stability of desert river ecosystem. However, due to the harsh conditions in desert areas, it is difficult to establish a hydrological station to obtain data and calculate the attenuation coefficients, so it is urgent to develop new methods to master the attenuation coefficients of rivers. In this study, Taklamakan desert river was selected as the research area, and the river discharge of the desert river were estimated by combining low-altitude UAV and satellite remote sensing technology, so as to calculate the attenuation status of the river in its natural state. Combined with satellite remote sensing, the surface runoff in the desert reaches of the Hotan River from 1993 to 2017 were estimated. The results showed that the base of runoff attenuation in the lower reaches of the Hotan River is 40%. Coupled UAV and satellite remote sensing technology can provide technical support for the study of surface runoff in desert rivers within ungauged basins. Using UAV and satellite remote sensing can monitor surface runoff effectively providing important reference for river discharge monitoring in ungauged catchments.

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Basnet, Keshav, Deepak Acharya, Krishna Prasad Bhandari, Suraj Lamichhane i Biwas Babu Sadadev. "Floodplain mapping of an ungauged river: A case study on Seti River in Pokhara, Nepal". Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 4, nr 2 (25.01.2024): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hijase.v4i2.62185.

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Settlements and infrastructures along the banks of Seti River in Pokhara, Nepal are at high risk of flood. Floodplain mapping for ungauged Seti River is not straightforward like the one for gauged rivers. Main goal of this study was to prepare floodplain maps along the ungauged Seti River in Pokhara, as a case study, using one-dimensional HEC-RAS model. First, catchment area ratio (CAR) method was applied to find annual flow in ungauged Seti River based on flow data of gauged Mardi station. Once the annual maximum flow was estimated for sufficient time length (i.e., 42 years), peak flood was predicted using Gumbel method for various reaches of Seti River within Pokhara. Thus, estimated peak floods were also compared with the peak floods predicted using Gumbel method based on the annual flow data of Tanahu station. As the specific discharge observed to be comparable with each other (difference ≤ 2.68%), CAR method found be a reliable one that is useful for ungauged river. Then, Cowan’s approach was applied to estimate Manning’s roughness coefficient (n) and used it for calibration of HEC-RAS model. Cowan approach found to be a best alternative for ungauged river as the comparison of modelled flow depth with measured flow depth yielded only 3.82% difference. Finally, 1D hydraulic modelling was performed using calibrated HEC-RAS model with available 12.5 m resolution DEM terrain data. Floodplain maps were prepared based on the HEC-RAS simulation results coupled with Google Earth map. The flood inundation area within Pokhara was found to be 2.76, 3.05, and 3.59 Km2 for the peak flood of 20, 50, and 100 years return periods, respectively. Moreover, Laltin Bazar and Gaighat areas were identified to be at high risk of flood such that these areas found to be inundated with 20 or greater years return period floods, compared to Ramghat area which was observed to be flooded with the peak flood of 50 or more years return period. Floodplain maps of this study could be used for preparing flood hazard maps, planning infrastructures, and flood management.

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Gorbachova, Liudmyla, i Borys Khrystyuk. "Calculation Approaches of the Probable Maximum Discharge of Spring Flood at Ungauged Sites in the Southern Buh River Basin, Ukraine". Annals of Valahia University of Targoviste, Geographical Series 18, nr 2 (1.10.2018): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/avutgs-2018-0012.

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Abstract Calculation of probable maximum discharge of spring flood are the great practical importance, since it is the basis to plan and design of different hydraulic structures, such as dams, culverts, urban and agriculture drainage systems, etc. Thus, the updating of the methodical approaches and parameters of the empirical formulas which using in the determining of the probable maximum discharge of spring flood at ungauged sites of the river basin is an actual task. In this paper for the Southern Buh River Basin were updated the parameters of the reduction formula and the limiting intensity formula of streamflow which are using to calculated of the probable maximum discharge of spring flood at ungauged basin in Ukraine. The presented results illustrate that parameters of empirical formulas that were calculated according to modern observation series (since the beginning of the observations to 2010) in comparison with previously received (since the beginning of the observations to 1980) have significant changes. We found out that it is due to cyclical of the long-term fluctuations of the maximum streamflow of spring flood in the Southern Buh River Basin. We also illustrated that for the small ungauged basins have the difficulties with the choice of rivers-analogues.

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Archfield, S. A., P. A. Steeves, J. D. Guthrie i K. G. Ries III. "A web-based software tool to estimate unregulated daily streamflow at ungauged rivers". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 5, nr 3 (31.08.2012): 2503–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-5-2503-2012.

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Abstract. Streamflow information is critical for solving any number of hydrologic problems. Often times, streamflow information is needed at locations which are ungauged and, therefore, have no observations on which to base water management decisions. Furthermore, there has been increasing need for daily streamflow time series to manage rivers for both human and ecological functions. To facilitate negotiation between human and ecological demands for water, this paper presents the first publically-available, map-based, regional software tool to interactively estimate daily streamflow time series at any user-selected ungauged river location. The map interface allows users to locate and click on a river location, which then returns estimates of daily streamflow for the location selected. For the demonstration region in the northeast United States, daily streamflow was shown to be reliably estimated by the software tool, with efficiency values computed from observed and estimated streamflows ranging from 0.69 to 0.92. The software tool provides a general framework that can be applied to other regions for which daily streamflow estimates are needed.

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Nigussie, Getenet, Mamaru A. Moges, Michael M. Moges i Tammo S. Steenhuis. "Assessment of Suitable Land for Surface Irrigation in Ungauged Catchments: Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia". Water 11, nr 7 (15.07.2019): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071465.

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Planning and decision making for new irrigation development projects requires the systematic assessment of irrigable land together with available water resources. The data required are usually not available in developing countries, and therefore a method was developed for quantifying surface water resources and potentially irrigable land in ungauged watersheds in the Upper Blue Nile Basin using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and Multi-Criterion Decision Evaluation (MCDE). The method was tested using the Lah river basin in the Jabitenan district and then applied in the whole area, including ungauged areas. In MCDE, soil type, slope, land use, and river proximity were considered. Onion, Cabbage and Tomato were grown on the identified irrigable areas. The predicted monthly stream discharge agreed well with observed values, with Nash and Sutcliffe efficiencies of 0.87 during calibration and 0.68 for validation. The SWAT model calibrated parameters from the gauged catchment were used to simulate the discharge of the ungauged catchments. The potential irrigable land was determined in Jabitenan woreda and included the Rivers like Birr, Tikurwuha, Gunagun, Leza Lah, Geray, Arara, Debolah, Guysa, and Silala, with an area of 460 km2. By evaluating gross irrigation demand of irrigable land with available flow in rivers (both observed and simulated), the actual surface irrigation potential was 47 km2. The main limitation for surface irrigation in all districts was the available water and not the land suitable for irrigation. Therefore, the study suggests that in order to irrigate a greater portion of the irrigable land, water should be stored during the monsoon rain phase for use in the last part of the dry phase.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Ungauged rivers"

Bomhof, James. "Estimating Flow, Hydraulic Geometry, and Hydrokinetic Power at Ungauged Locations in Canada". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30383.

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A resource assessment of the hydrokinetic potential in Canada's rivers was completed. The main objectives of the study were to (1) quantify the potential hydrokinetic energy avail- able for development both nationally and regionally, and (2) develop geospatial datasets identifying streams or areas of high hydrokinetic potential. Flow estimates at ungauged locations were found using multiple linear regression coupled with Canonical correlation analysis (MLR-CCA). Total theoretical hydro power, equivalent to total theoretical hydroki- netic power was calculated using these ow estimates and hydraulic head estimates from DEMs. It is estimated that there are 710 GW of potential power in Canadian rivers, with 97.5% con dence that there is at least 433 GW. Downstream hydraulic geometry (DHG) relations were applied to ow estimates to nd cross section velocity and power at ungauged locations. Further testing was done on DHG relations, and were found to be most accurate when characterized by soil drainage characteristics.

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Karaaslan, Huseyin Nail. "Estimation Of Specific Flow Duration Curves Using Basin Characteristics Of Rivers In Solakli And Karadere Basins". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612873/index.pdf.

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Demand for energy is constantly growing both in the world and in Turkey. Sustainable development being an important concept, development of small hydro power projects has been popular in recent years. Eastern Black Sea Basin in Turkey has a lot of small hydro power potential because of high amount of precipitation and existence of steep slopes. Since the amount of river runoff is the only parameter that is variable in order to determine the power potential, it is vital to estimate the project discharge in ungauged basins accurately that have hydro power potential. Projects discharges of hydro-power plants in ungauged basins have been calculated using conventional methods up to now. This study aims to introduce a statistical model in linear and multi-variate form using the topographical and morphological parameters derived from GIS and hydro-meteorological variables to estimate the specific flow duration curves of potential small hydro-power locations for the selected study areas in Eastern Black Sea Region namely Solakli and Karadere basins. As well as developing an annual regression model using the annual values of hydro-meteorological parameters
seasonal regression model (spring season) has also been developed by including the mean seasonal (spring) air temperature variable instead of snow covered area (SCA) in addition to basin parameters. By studying the spring model, effect of different variables from the annual model were tested and discussed with some recommendations for the future studies.

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Yilmaz, Deniz. "Estimation Of Specific Flow Duration Curves Using Basin Characteristics Of Rivers In Eastern Blacksea Basin". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613279/index.pdf.

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New and renewable energy resources are important in view of reduction of greenhouse gasses causing climate change and in eliminating of dependence on foreign sources in energy respects. Within this context, hydraulic energy is evaluated as one of the prior energy resources that should be utilized. Turkey has 26 basins and Eastern Black Sea Basin is one of the most feasible basins with a lot of small hydroelectric power plants. In the other hand, there is not enough number of discharge gauging stations in the basin. For that reason, up to now generally area ratio method has been used to estimate the project discharges of small hydroelectric power plants. Objective of this study is to estimate &ldquo
the project discharge&rdquo
which is corresponding to 5 flow percentiles (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) depending on topographical, meteorological, hydrologic and soil-land cover parameters through developing a multilinear statistical model for Iyidere Basin as a part of Eastern Black Sea Basin. Perimeter of the basin, the ratio of the basin perimeter to the main stream length of the same basin, the drainage frequency, the mean slope of basin, v the mean annual precipitation and the curve number are the parameters that have been analysed for the multilinear statistical model. Principal Component Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis and Stepwise Regression Analysis have been run for the data sets. For the computed discharges validation has been done. As a result of validation, it has been seen that the stepwise regression gives much closer discharge values to the observed values than the multiple regression results.

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Reungoat, Anne Françoise Jeanne. "Classification of river networks for prediction in ungauged basins". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6331/.

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The majority of the world's river basins remain ungauged and, therefore, the triedand- tested empirical techniques for predicting floods and droughts cannot be applied. An alternative approach, which is currently receiving a great deal of attention from research hydrologists, is to develop continuous simulation models whose parameters pertain to physical or hydrological properties of the river basins. However, difficulties related to scale, heterogeneity and complexity of real river basins have made a priori estimation of such parameters impossible: their estimation has always required calibration using river flow data. Therefore, estimating hydrological model parameters in ungauged river basins is one of the greatest challenges currently facing research hydrologists. In this thesis research advances towards this goal have been made at three different levels. First, at a conceptual level, a novel method for classifying river basins according to their physical properties is proposed. It is specifically designed for transferring hydrological model parameters from gauged river basins, where calibration is possible, to ungauged river basins. This approach relies on recognising that river basins can be similar in parts of their hydrological cycle but not in others. Thus, basins go through three independent classifications, one relative to each of the major components of the land phase hydrological cycle: interaction of soil water/vegetation and atmosphere; surface flow; and groundwater flow. This requires the ability to characterise the response of the components of the hydrological cycle independently, which leads to a second conceptual advance; rather than relying entirely on measured river flow data, from which it is difficult to separate out the effects of the three components, classification rules are devised on the basis of synthetic data produced by comprehensive, distributed, physically-based models. This thesis focuses on the surface flow component, applying the methodology to the identification of the best classifiers for surface flow through river networks. This required simulating river flow through a large number of Scottish river basins, which led to more practical research advances; all available commercial flow routing models were too cumbersome and required an impractical level of detail to be applied in such a large study. Therefore, a new flow routing modelling system was developed that extracts river network detail from digital databases and numerically solves a distributed flow routing model. Finally, on a detailed scientific level, significant insights have been made into the relationship between river network geomorphologic structure and stream flow response. In particular, it is shown that: a downstream hydraulic geometry relationship exists for Scottish rivers; although channel conveyance is a key factor in dictating network response, the features of the response hydro graph - namely the percentage attenuation of the flood peak and the lag in time to peak - scale linearly with both roughness and hydraulic geometry coefficients; much publicised invariant power law scaling rules for flood peaks in fact vary as a function of storm duration; statistical multivariate analysis of the simulated network flow responses demonstrated the low capacity of the network descriptors commonly used in regionalisation studies for characterising flow response. Four variables are shown to have significantly higher classifying power than the majority of the commonly used classifiers. Of these, two are entirely new to this thesis.

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Tumbo, Madaka Harold. "Uncertainties in modelling hydrological responses in gauged and ungauged sub‐basins". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018568.

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The world is undergoing rapid changes and the future is uncertain. The changes are related to modification of the landscape due to human activities, such as large and small scale irrigation, afforestation and changes to the climate system. Understanding and predicting hydrologic change is one of the challenges facing hydrologists today. Part of this understanding can be developed from observed data, however, there often too few observations and those that are available are frequently affected by uncertainties. Hydrological models have become essential tools for understanding historical variations of catchment hydrology and for predicting future possible trends. However, most developing countries are faced with poor spatial distributions of rainfall and evaporation stations that provide the data used to force models, as well as stream flow gauging stations to provide the data for establishing models and for evaluating their success. Hydrological models are faced with a number of challenges which include poor input data (data quality and poorly quantified human activities on observed stream flow data), uncertainties associated with model complexity and structure, the methods used to quantify model parameters, together with the difficulties of understanding hydrological processes at the catchment or subbasin. Within hydrological modelling, there is currently a trend of dealing with equifinality through the evaluation of parameter identifiability and the quantification of uncertainty bands associated with the predictions of the model. Hydrological models should not only focus on reproducing the past behaviour of a basin, but also on evaluating the representativeness of the surface and subsurface model components and their ability to simulate reality for the correct reasons. Part of this modelling process therefore involves quantifying and including all the possible sources of uncertainty. Uncertainty analysis has become the standard approach to most hydrological modelling studies, but has yet to be effectively used in practical water resources assessment. This study applied a hydrological modelling approach for understanding the hydrology of a large Tanzanian drainage basin, the Great Ruaha River that has many areas that are ungauged and where the available data (climate, stream flow and existing water use) are subject to varying degrees of uncertainty. The Great Ruaha River (GRR) is an upstream tributary of the Rufiji River Basin within Tanzania and covers an area of 86 000 km2. The basin is drained by four main tributaries; the Upper Great Ruaha, the Kisigo, the Little Ruaha and the Lukosi. The majority of the runoff is generated from the Chunya escarpment, the Kipengere ranges and the Poroto Mountains. The runoff generated feeds the alluvial and seasonally flooded Usangu plains (including the Ihefu perennial swamp). The majority of the irrigation water use in the basin is located where headwater sub‐basins drain towards the Usangu plains. The overall objective was to establish uncertain but behavioural hydrological models that could be useful for future water resources assessments that are likely to include issues of land use change, changes in patterns of abstraction and water use, as well the possibility of change in future climates.

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Mahdade, Mounir. "Vers une représentation parcimonieuse de la variabilité morphologique des rivières non-jaugées adaptée au problème inverse hauteur-débit". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS168.

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L’absence de mesures in situ dans les rivières non-jaugées empêche la construction de courbes de tarage, utiles à plusieurs applications hydrologiques et hydrauliques. Ces dernières décennies, l'idée d'estimer les débits par des méthodes de télédétection a émergé, toujours sur le principe de construire un lien entre hauteur d'eau et débit. Cependant, ce changement s'accompagne d'un changement d'échelle de la mesure de hauteur, qui n'est plus rattachée à une section mais au tronçon, conduisant à la notion de courbe de tarage au tronçon sous les mêmes hypothèses qu'une courbe de tarage à la section. Cette thèse aborde la construction d'une telle courbe. Étant donné que les paramètres de friction, de la bathymétrie et du débit sont inconnus. Pour réduire la dimensionnalité du problème, une étude hydromorphologique montre que la variabilité géométrique des rivières peut être représentée sous forme d’un modèle périodique 2D dont la forme en plan est basée sur une courbe de Kinoshita. Afin de tester et de valider ce modèle, une simulation de référence 2D est faite sur un tronçon de la Garonne avec une topographie continue de haute résolution. La surface libre simulée peut être considérée comme un jeu de "pseudo-observations" similaires à celles qui seront produites par la mission SWOT. Le modèle hydraulique direct se base sur une simplification géométrique non-uniforme (modèle périodique) et un solveur des équations de Saint-Venant (Basilisk). Une inversion stochastique par algorithme génétique permet d’estimer la courbe de tarage au tronçon dans un régime stationnaire en testant les paramètres géométriques et de frottements qui reconstituent au mieux les signatures observées
The lack of in situ measurements in ungauged rivers prevents the construction of rating curves, useful for several hydrological and hydraulic applications. In recent decades, the idea of estimating discharges by remote sensing methods has emerged, based on the principle of constructing a link between water elevation and discharge. However, this change is accompanied by a change in the scale of the elevation measurement, which is no longer attached to a cross-section but to the reach, leading to the notion of a reach-average rating curve under the same assumptions as a cross-section rating curve. This thesis treats the construction of such a curve. Since the parameters of friction, bathymetry and discharge are unknown, and to reduce the dimensionality of the problem, a hydromorphological study shows that the geometrical variability of rivers can be represented in 2D periodic model whose planform is based on a Kinoshita curve. In order to test and validate this model, a 2D reference simulation is produced on a 40km reach of the Garonne River with a continuous high-resolution topography. The simulated free surface can be considered as a set of "pseudo-observations" like those that will be produced by the SWOT mission. The 2D direct hydraulic model is based on a non-uniform geometric simplification (periodic model) and a solver of the Saint-Venant equations (Basilisk). A stochastic inversion by genetic algorithm allows to estimate the reach-averaged rating curve in a stationary regime by testing the geometrical and friction parameters that best reconstitute the observed signatures

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Mehl, Daniel James Gustav. "Assessing the influence of floodplain wetlands on wet and dry season river flows along the Nuwejaars River, Western Cape, South Africa". University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7031.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Improved knowledge is required on the quantity and source of water resources, particularly evident during periods of drought currently being faced in South Africa. There is inadequate knowledge with regards to the flood attenuating properties of wetlands, particularly evident in the ungauged catchments of Southern Africa. This study aims to improve the knowledge on the contribution of flow from tributaries with headwaters in mountainous regions to low lying areas and the effects of wetlands on river flow patterns. Several river flow monitoring sites were established along the major upper tributaries of the Nuwejaars River at which daily water levels were recorded and bi-weekly discharge measurements were conducted. Weather data was collected using four automatic weather stations and three automatic rain gauges’ setup throughout the catchment. Rainfall data coupled with rating curves and daily discharges were used to assess the flow responses of these tributaries to rainfall events. Additionally, stable isotope analysis and basic water quality analysis was used to determine the major sources of flow within the major tributaries. The rainfall and river flow data collected, coupled with the characterization of the wetland was used to determine the flood attenuation capabilities of the wetland. Lastly, a conceptual model based on a basic water balance was developed to further explain the role of the wetland and its effects on river flows. The results showed a 27-hour lag time in peak flows from the upper tributaries at the inflows of the wetland to the outflow. Two of the upper tributaries had flow throughout the year and were fed by springs in the upper mountainous regions of the catchment and all tributaries were largely reliant on rainfall for peak flows. The temporary storage of flows within the wetland occurred as a result of the Nuwejaars River bursting its banks, filling of pools, or ponds and the Voëlvlei Lake. It was concluded that the wetland increased the travel time and decreased the magnitude of flows of the Nuwejaars River. However, due to the fact that wetlands are interlinked on a catchment scale and have a collective effect on flood attenuation this study may be improved by looking at the wetlands within the catchment holistically.

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Patil, Sopan Dileep. "Information transfer for hydrologic prediction in engaged river basins". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42858.

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In many parts of the world, developed as well as developing, rivers are not gauged for continuous monitoring. Streamflow prediction at such "ungauged" river catchments requires information transfer from gauged catchments that are perceived to be hydrologically similar to them. Achieving good predictability at ungauged catchments requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and climatic controls on hydrologic similarity among catchments. This dissertation attempts to gain a better understanding of these controls through three independent research studies that use data from catchments across the continental United States. In the first study, I explore whether streamflow similarity among nearby catchments is preserved across flow conditions. Catchments located across four river basins in the northeast United States are analyzed to quantify the spatio-temporal variability in streamflows across flow percentiles. Results show that similarity in catchment stream response is dynamic and highly dependent on flow conditions. Specifically, the coefficient of variation is high at low flow percentiles and gradually reduces for higher flow percentiles. This study concludes that high variability at low flows is controlled by the dominance of high evaporative demand, whereas low variability at high flows is controlled by the dominance of precipitation input relative to evapotranspiration. In the second study, I examine whether streamflow similarity among catchments exists across a wide range of climatic and geographic regions. Data from 756 catchments across the United States is used and daily streamflow at each catchment is simulated using distance-based streamflow interpolation from neighboring catchments. With this approach, high predictability at a catchment indicates that catchments in its vicinity have similar streamflows. Results show that high predictability catchments are mainly confined to the Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains, and Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest. Low predictability catchments are located mostly in the drier regions of US to the west of Mississippi river. Results suggest that streamflow similarity among nearby catchments is more likely in humid runoff-dominated regions than in dry evapotranspiration-dominated regions. In the third study, my goal is to identify what constitutes the essential information that must be transferred from gauged to ungauged catchments in order to achieve good model predictability. A simple daily time-step rainfall-runoff model is developed and implemented over 756 catchments located across the United States. Results show that the rainfall-runoff model simulates well at catchments in humid low-energy environments, most of which are located in the eastern part of the US, the Rocky Mountains, and to the west of Cascade Mountains. Within these regions, transfer of the parameter characterizing hydrograph recession provides reliable streamflow predictions at ungauged catchments, with a loss in prediction efficiency of less than 10% in most catchments. The results presented in this dissertation show that climate exerts a strong control on hydrologic similarity among catchments. The results further suggest that an understanding of the interaction between climate and topography is essential for quantifying the spatial variability in catchment hydrologic behavior at a regional scale.

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Palanisamy, Bakkiyalakshmi. "STREAMFLOW PREDICTION USING GIS FOR THE KENTUCKY RIVER BASIN". UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/53.

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The study was aimed at developing a simple methodology for flow prediction in ungauged basins using existing data resources. For this purpose, the streamflow measurements across the Kentucky River Basin located in Kentucky, USA were obtained from United States Geological Survey (USGS) archive. The flow transferring characteristics of the subbasins of the Kentucky River Basin were obtained by combining downstream and upstream stream gauges. The flow transferring function thus derived were related to watershed, channel and flow characteristics of the subbasins by multiple regression analysis. The gauge pairs were divided into two classes of subbasins representing Upper and Lower Kentucky, which were characterized mainly by the geology of the watersheds. The regression models corresponding to the two groups of subbasins were applied to example gauge pairs to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model to predict streamflow in downstream channel. The estimated hydrographs agreed with the observed hydrographs with the performance efficiency of greater than 90%. The proposed method was tested for its applicability in first-order streams in the Goose Creek, a tributary to the Kentucky River. The overland flow component for the first-order streams was determined using TOPMODEL with topography, soil and climatic factors as inputs. The overland flow was routed to the Goose Creek outlet using the transfer function obtained from measured flow records. The simulated hydrographs were reproduced with 80% accuracy when compared with the observed hydrographs. The flow prediction of first-order ungauged streams was automated by the back-calibration algorithm. The algorithm is supported by the Shuffled Complex Evolution - University of Arizona algorithm for its optimization routine. The back-calibration procedure optimizes each first-order stream with the aid of the flow transferring function. The back-calibration procedure was imbedded in a Visual Basic.NET environment to automatically predict flow on a daily time scale and predicted was published on the internet using ESRI Arc Internet Mapping Server (ArcIMS). The project thus provides daily streamflow estimation for streams on a first-order level on every day basis, which will facilitate flow prediction of streams regardless of the size of the watersheds.

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Wood, Andrew Charles. "Methods for rainfall-runoff continuous simulation and flood frequency estimation on an ungauged river catchment with uncertainty". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547969.

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Historic methods for time series predictions on ungauged sites in the UK have tended to focus on the regionalisation and regression of model parameters against catchment characteristics. Owing to wide variations in catchment characteristics and the (often) poor identification of model parameters, this has resulted in highly uncertain predictions on the ungauged site. However, only very few studies have sought to assess uncertainties in the predicted hydrograph. Methods from the UK Flood Estimation Handbook, that are normally applied for an event design hydrograph, are adopted to choose a pooling group of hydrologically similar gauged catchments to an ungauged application site on the River Tyne. Model simulations are derived for each pooling group catchment with a BETA rainfall-runoff model structure conditioned for the catchment. The BETA rainfall-runoff model simulations are developed using a Monte Carlo approach. For the estimation of uncertainty a modification of the GLUE methodology is applied. Gauging station errors are used to develop limits of acceptability for selecting behavioural model simulations and the final uncertainty limits are obtained with a set of performance thresholds. Prediction limits are derived from a set of calibration and validation simulations for each catchment. Methods are investigated for the carry over of data from the pooled group of models to the ungauged site to develop a weighted model set prediction with pooled prediction limits. Further development of this methodology may offer some interesting approaches for cross-validation of models and further improvements in uncertainty estimation in hydrological regionalisation.

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Części książek na temat "Ungauged rivers"

Chakraborty, Tilottama. "Development of Spatial Cognitive Model for Estimation of Ungauged Runoff for Mesoscale Rivers". W Water and Energy Management in India, 23–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66683-5_2.

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Lindenschmidt, Karl-Erich. "Ice-Jam Flood-Hazard Assessment of Ungauged River Reaches". W River Ice Processes and Ice Flood Forecasting, 393–435. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49088-0_12.

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Sahoo, Bhabagrahi, i P. G. Saritha. "Estimating Floods from an Ungauged River Basin Using GIUH-Based Nash Model". W ISFRAM 2014, 123–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-365-1_11.

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Papadakis, I., i G. A. Schultz. "Computation of Hydrological Data for Design of Water Projects in Ungauged River Basins". W Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water Management, 401–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59583-7_18.

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Zhang, Yu, i Yang Hong. "Assimilation of Remotely Sensed Streamflow Data to Improve Flood Forecasting in Ungauged River Basin in Africa". W Hydrologic Remote Sensing, 139–53. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315370392-9.

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Dorji, Leki, Raju Sarkar, Ugyen Lhachey, Vasker Sharma, Tshewang, Abhirup Dikshit i Ritesh Kurar. "An Evaluation of Hydrological Modeling Using SCS-CN Method in Ungauged Om Chhu River Basin of Phuentsholing, Bhutan". W An Interdisciplinary Approach for Disaster Resilience and Sustainability, 111–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9527-8_7.

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Dorji, Leki, i Raju Sarkar. "An Evaluation of Hydrological Modeling Using CN Method and Satellite Images in Ungauged Barsa River Basin of Pasakha, Bhutan". W Disaster Risk Reduction, 205–18. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7707-9_12.

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Terskii, Pavel, Anatoly Tsyplenkov, Artem Gurinov, Anna Antoniuk, Igor Shchukin i Aleksey Sayanov. "Ecological Revitalization Master Plan of Lipetsk City Based on the HBV Hydrological Modelling of a Small Ungauged Lipovka River (Russia)". W Springer Geography, 251–67. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37216-2_20.

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Hadžić, Emina, Ajla Mulaomorević-Šeta, Hata Milišić i Nerma Lazović. "Estimation of Peak Flood Discharge for an Ungauged River and Application of 1D Hec-Ras Model in Design of Water Levels". W Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 592–604. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71321-2_52.

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Moraru, A., N. Rüther i O. Bruland. "Current trends in the optimization of hydraulic flood simulations in ungauged steep rivers". W River Flow 2020, 1231–38. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22619-170.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Ungauged rivers"

Audu, Luqman Muhammed, Nicholas Akhaze Musa, Abdulkarim Nasir i Muhammadu Masin Muhammadu. "Model Development for Discharge Data Extension for Ungauged Rivers Channels: A Case Study of the Proposed River Orle Hydropower Plant". W ICAME-22. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/engproc2022023027.

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Spahiu, Santino, i Andrin Kerpaci. "DERIVATION OF FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS IN UNGAUGED BASINS". W 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/3.2/s12.10.

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Estimation of floods is of extreme importance in designing hydraulic structures and systems, as well as in flood management, including ecosystem recovery. Accurate derivation of flood hydrographs in ungauged basins has additional challenges. The aim of this paper is to estimate flood hydrographs with different return periods using a semidistributed hydrological model, in the ungauged River basin of Benca, Albania. Benca River is part of Vjosa River, which is considered the last wild river of Europe. A frequency analysis of annual maximum daily precipitation is conducted for all meteorological stations in the study area. Average precipitation depths are calculated by constructing Thiessen polygons. Storm hyetographs distributions are determined using regional information. For precipitation abstraction, the Curve Number method is applied. Spatial distribution of runoff curve numbers is computed through GIS analysis, based on average antecedent moisture conditions, and hydrological soil-cover complexes. The watershed is modelled via HEC-HMS software, schematized into subbasins, and reaches. For generating hydrographs in each subbasin, the synthetic unit hydrograph recommended by the Natural Resources Conservation Service is used. The stream channel routing methodology applied is the Muskingum method. Subsurface components are also defined. Model results include floods with different return periods, their hourly flow rates, respective volumes, peak discharges, shapes, thus giving a complete representation of flood magnitudes the basin. The findings are relevant to policymakers, researchers, and engineers in the region.

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Ayzel, Georgy, i Georgy Ayzel. "RUNOFF CALCULATIONS FOR UNGAUGED RIVER BASINS OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC REGION". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b942c3ef891.78763761.

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Arctic coastal systems are very sensitive to the freshwater budget mainly formed by river runoff. Great biases in estimation of total river runoff load to the Arctic Ocean proposed by the number of various scientific groups and insufficiency of physically-based, short-term, spatially diverse runoff predictions lead to strong necessity of state-of-art hydrological techniques implementation. At the moment the most powerful tools for the land hydrological cycle modeling are physically-based, conceptual or data-driven models. Better model – wider sources of hydrometeorological and landscape-related information we need to use to perform robust calculations. Severe climatic conditions of Arctic coastal region have led to weak river runoff monitoring net and a high level of uncertainties related to difficulties of direct measurements. There is the reason we need to develop modern techniques that allow providing effective runoff predictions by state-of-art models in the case of strong research data scarcity (for ungauged basins). Early stage of research aimed to coupling of conceptual hydrological model, cutting edge machine learning techniques and various sources of geographical data will be proposed with the call for intensification of cross-disciplinary research activities for the Arctic region sustainable development and safety.

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Putra, Refaldi I. D., Tatsuya Ishikawa i Michiaki Tatsubori. "Spatiotemporal Interpolation of Ungauged River Discharge via Deep Kernel Learning". W 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata55660.2022.10020965.

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"A conceptual model to estimate ungauged losses in river water accounting". W 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2011.i10.paydar.

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Morjardin, C. E. F., J. A. M. G. Diaz, J. D. A. Go i R. K. Guevarra. "Prediction at ungauged river flow as applied to canas river basin in cavite using morphometric analysis". W 4TH ELECTRONIC AND GREEN MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018 (EGM 2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5080880.

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Ninov, Plamen, i Elena Bojilova. "HIGH FLOWS DETERMINATION AT UNGAUGED RIVER STRETCHES USING REGIONALIZATION APPROACH (EXAMPLE MESTA WATERSHED)". W 21st SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2021. STEF92 Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2021/3.1/s12.14.

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Chen, XinJian. "Responses of Simulated Low Salinity Habitats to the Uncertainties of Gauged and Ungauged Flows in the Myakka River Estuary in Florida". W International Conference on Estuarine and Coastal Modeling 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412411.00026.

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Jayasinghe, S. N., i R. L. H. L. Rajapakse. "Hydrological Modelling Approach for Flood and Water Pollution Control in an Ungauged Catchment - A Case Study in Erewwala Catchment in Bolgoda River Basin, Sri Lanka". W UMCSAWM Water Conference on Demonstrating the strength of water Engineering and Management capability through case study applications. UNESCO Madanjeet Singh Centre for South Asia Water Management, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/umcsawm.16.

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