Gotowa bibliografia na temat „UMTS, HSUPA, Capacity Planning”

Along with the rapid technological developments in all fields of technology, it’s including telecommunications technology. Many facilities are offered, for example, is the development of telecommunications services for voice, data and video. This offer must be supported by great technology,which is ability transfer data with high speed transfer data rate. The technology that able to grant this needs is LTE technology. LTE technology was developed from Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and this technology has transfer data rate up to 100 Mbps for the downlink and 50 Mbps for the uplink direction. Because the distribution of technological progress in various areas including Banyumas, it would require an application of LTE technology in that area. These applications will not run without proper planning of an LTE network to cover all areas of Banyumas. In order to apply the optimal LTE network in Banyumas it is necessary to design LTE coverage area, they consist of link budget and number of eNode B that required to cover whole area Banyumas. By using QPSK modulation and coding rate ½ it has value traffic capacity about 3.344,096 kbps/km2. ENode B number that can cover whole area is as much as 59 eNode B. Impact of coding rate to MAPLvalue is when value of the coding rate is greater it’s produces a smaller value of MAPL and the number of eNode B is increase.

The motivation behind this paper is to present another technique for isolating remote correspondence, (for example, the 802.11a/b/g/n and cell UMTS MAC conventions) across numerous problematic correspondence joins (like Ethernet) utilizing milli meter waves MIMO correspondence. The object is to present the fitting equipment, programming, and framework design needed to give the premise to a remote framework (utilizing a 802.11a/b/g/n and cell conventions as a model) that can scale to help a huge number of clients at the same time (say in a huge place of business, super corporate retailer, and so forth) or in a little, however extremely thick correspondence RF area. Components of correspondence between a base station and a Mobile Station will be examined measurably to exhibit higher throughput, less crashes and lower bit mistake rates (BER) with the given transmission capacity characterized by the 802.11n remote detail (utilization of MIMO channels will be assessed). Another organization nodal worldview will be introduced. Elective connection layer correspondence strategies will be suggested and broke down for the impact on cell phones. The examination will depict how the calculations utilized by state machines executed on Mobile Stations and Wi-Fi customer gadgets will be impacted by new base station transmission conduct. New equipment plan strategies that can be utilized to improve this engineering just as equipment plan standards concerning the insignificant equipment practical squares needed to help such a framework configuration will be portrayed. Recreation plan and check reproduction procedures to demonstrate the plan will oblige a worthy degree of execution to meet the exacting planning as it identifies with this new framework engineering.

The document presents the planning and simulation of UMTS and LTE mobile telecommunications network by the use of Small Cells technology in heterogeneous environments solutions for real foray operators in Cochabamba to achieve efficiency in resource usage in a state of high traffic load of voice and data, and therefore achieve better utilities. The methodology is based on analytical development, planning, and simulation which take place in the first instance with the collection of information. In the following steps, the project requirements were identified, a vendor technical specifications comparison was made, and the Small Cell networks were designed by radio access network planning, cell distribution and dimensioning, transportation cadasters definition, technical equipment parametrization, and frequency plan determination. Finally a procedure of simulation for coverage predictions and design validation was made. It is concluded that the project is feasible and complies with technical requirements for land survey, services demand on voice and data, coverage for indoor or outdoor environments, mobility and transport users, parameters performance on RSCP, RSRP, RSRQ signal-to-noise ratio, capacity of users, specific scenario solutions and economic benefits on deployments.

PhD<br>In recent years, mobile communication networks have experienced significant evolution. The 3G mobile communication system, UMTS, employs WCDMA as the air interface standard, which leads to quite different mobile network planning and dimensioning processes compared with 2G systems. The UMTS system capacity is limited by the received interference at NodeBs due to the unique features of WCDMA, which is denoted as `soft capacity'. Consequently, the key challenge in UMTS radio network planning has been shifted from channel allocation in the channelized 2G systems to blocking and outage probabilities computation under the `cell breathing' effects which are due to the relationship between network coverage and capacity. The interference characterization, especially for the other-cell interference, is one of the most important components in 3G mobile networks planning. This monograph firstly investigates the system behavior in the operation of UMTS uplink, and develops the analytic techniques to model interference and system load as fully-characterized random variables, which can be directly applicable to the performance modeling of such networks. When the analysis progresses from single-cell scenario to multi-cell scenario, as the target SIR oriented power control mechanism is employed for maximum capacity, more sophisticated system operation, `feedback behavior', has emerged, as the interference levels at different cells depend on each other. Such behaviors are also captured into the constructed interference model by iterative and approximation approaches. The models are then extended to cater for the features of the newly introduced HSUPA, which provides enhanced dedicated channels for the packet switched data services such that much higher bandwidth can be achieved for best-effort elastic traffic, which allows network operators to cope with the coexistence of both circuit-switched and packet-switched traffic and guarantee the QoS requirements. During the derivation, we consider various propagation models, traffic models, resource allocation schemes for many possible scenarios, each of which may lead to different analytical models. All the suggested models are validated with either Monte-Carlo simulations or discrete event simulations, where excellent matches between results are always achieved. Furthermore, this monograph studies the optimization-based resource allocation strategies in the UMTS uplink with integrated QoS/best-effort traffic. Optimization techniques, both linear-programming based and non-linear-programming based, are used to determine how much resource should be assigned to each enhanced uplink user in the multi-cell environment where each NodeB possesses full knowledge of the whole network. The system performance under such resource allocation schemes are analyzed and compared via Monte-Carlo simulations, which verifies that the proposed framework may serve as a good estimation and optimal reference to study how systems perform for network operators.

In recent years, mobile communication networks have experienced significant evolution. The 3G mobile communication system, UMTS, employs WCDMA as the air interface standard, which leads to quite different mobile network planning and dimensioning processes compared with 2G systems. The UMTS system capacity is limited by the received interference at NodeBs due to the unique features of WCDMA, which is denoted as `soft capacity'. Consequently, the key challenge in UMTS radio network planning has been shifted from channel allocation in the channelized 2G systems to blocking and outage probabilities computation under the `cell breathing' effects which are due to the relationship between network coverage and capacity. The interference characterization, especially for the other-cell interference, is one of the most important components in 3G mobile networks planning. This monograph firstly investigates the system behavior in the operation of UMTS uplink, and develops the analytic techniques to model interference and system load as fully-characterized random variables, which can be directly applicable to the performance modeling of such networks. When the analysis progresses from single-cell scenario to multi-cell scenario, as the target SIR oriented power control mechanism is employed for maximum capacity, more sophisticated system operation, `feedback behavior', has emerged, as the interference levels at different cells depend on each other. Such behaviors are also captured into the constructed interference model by iterative and approximation approaches. The models are then extended to cater for the features of the newly introduced HSUPA, which provides enhanced dedicated channels for the packet switched data services such that much higher bandwidth can be achieved for best-effort elastic traffic, which allows network operators to cope with the coexistence of both circuit-switched and packet-switched traffic and guarantee the QoS requirements. During the derivation, we consider various propagation models, traffic models, resource allocation schemes for many possible scenarios, each of which may lead to different analytical models. All the suggested models are validated with either Monte-Carlo simulations or discrete event simulations, where excellent matches between results are always achieved. Furthermore, this monograph studies the optimization-based resource allocation strategies in the UMTS uplink with integrated QoS/best-effort traffic. Optimization techniques, both linear-programming based and non-linear-programming based, are used to determine how much resource should be assigned to each enhanced uplink user in the multi-cell environment where each NodeB possesses full knowledge of the whole network. The system performance under such resource allocation schemes are analyzed and compared via Monte-Carlo simulations, which verifies that the proposed framework may serve as a good estimation and optimal reference to study how systems perform for network operators.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2009.<br>Title from title screen (viewed February 20, 2009). Includes graphs and tables. Includes list of publications co-authored with others. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Information Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies. Degree awarded 2009; thesis submitted 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

El despliegue de las redes celulares 3G/3.5G plantea un reto a las estrategias de planificación y optimización radio tradicionales. A diferencia de los sistemas 2G FDMA, cobertura y capacidad están estrechamente ligadas y deben ser tratadas conjuntamente. Además, están presentes nuevos y más sofisticados algoritmos de gestión de recursos radio (RRM) así como una concepción de red más flexible, con múltiples parámetros interdependientes con ajuste no trivial. Un nuevo paradigma de planificación radio aparece y la red se optimiza mediante complejos algoritmos ya sea estática o dinámicamente. Esta tesis doctoral supone una contribución a la optimización de las redes de acceso radio en sistemas 3G/3.5G. Varios aspectos susceptibles de mejorar la planificación han sido investigados y nuevos métodos, directrices y estrategias de análisis se proponen con el objetivo final de mejorar el rendimiento del sistema. También se han diseñado y estudiado mecanismos dinámicos que se encuentran en la frontera difusa entre la planificación y la RRM. La 1ª parte de la tesis trata la configuración de las estaciones base. El impacto de las potencias piloto, inclinación de antenas y sus interacciones con parámetros de soft handover son investigados. Se hace énfasis en los efectos más allá de los conocidos y se derivan reglas para su ajuste. A partir de los resultados, se propone una estrategia para su Planificación Automática. El objetivo final es encontrar una combinación tal que el tráfico sea ecualizado de manera efectiva entre las celdas e incrementar la capacidad del sistema. La técnica se basa en la metaheurística Simulated Annealing y es capaz de mejorar el rendimiento global de la red, representado por una función de coste con información sobre el factor de carga y sujeta a otras condiciones de calidad. La importancia de los requisitos que impone el UL, a menudo olvidados en propuestas anteriores, también se ha incluido y estudiado analíticamente. La reconfiguración de las base no es el único medio para modificar la cobertura de las celdas, en este sentido el estudio se amplía mediante la introducción de repetidores, que permiten la generación de celdas distribuidas. En este caso la planificación es más compleja debido a la aparición de nuevos efectos que no se daban en las redes clásicas 2G FDMA. La mayoría de los trabajos que tratan con repetidores tienden a ignorarlos. Por ello, la investigación se centró en el modelado y cuantificación de su impacto así como en derivar directrices de planificación. Se ha obtenido analíticamente la nueva expresión que define la región de admisión y se concluye que existe un compromiso entre capacidad y cobertura, analizado tanto teóricamente como mediante simulación. Ciertos parámetros presentan un impacto importante y se han estudiado para obtener reglas prácticas de ajuste. La variación de cobertura en la celda padre antes y después de la instalación de repetidores también ha sido modelada. Posteriormente, se propone una nueva metodología para analizar estos despliegues, teniendo en cuenta de manera realista los retardos de propagación y el comportamiento del receptor Rake. Esto permite un análisis superior con respecto a enfoques tradicionales que, en determinadas circunstancias, tienden a ofrecer cifras erróneamente optimistas. La última parte de la tesis da un paso más en la Planificación Automática y se proponen y validan 2 mecanismos dinámicos que permiten a la red reaccionar y auto-optimizarse frente a cambios en las condiciones de tráfico. El primero, basado en conclusiones anteriores, persigue detectar si uno de los enlaces presenta problemas de capacidad y, en caso afirmativo, favorecerlo para retrasar los mecanismos de control de congestión. Por último, se introduce la tecnología HSDPA y, después de analizar los recursos que deben ser compartidos con versiones previas de UMTS, se concluye que es deseable un sistema para la gestión dinámica del árbol de códigos OVSF. Se propone y valida un mecanismo que maximiza el throughput de las celdas, garantizando al mismo tiempo criterios de bloqueo y dropping.<br>The deployment of 3G/3.5G cellular networks challenges traditional radio planning and optimization strategies. Unlike FDMA based 2G systems, coverage and capacity are tightly coupled and must be treated as a whole. Besides new and more sophisticated Radio Resource Management (RRM) algorithms are present along with a more flexible network with many interdependent parameters, whose joint adjustment is not trivial. A new radio planning paradigm appears in which the radio network is optimized by means of complex algorithms both in a static and a dynamic way. This Ph.D. thesis provides a contribution to the radio network optimization of 3G/3.5G networks. Several issues to improve radio network planning have been investigated and new methods, guidelines and strategies of analysis have been proposed with the final objective of enhancing the wireless access network performance. Dynamic mechanisms being in the blurred line between radio planning and RRM are also devised and studied. The first part of this dissertation deals with the configuration of Base Stations (BSs) the impact of pilot powers, downtilt of antennas and interactions thereof with Soft Handover parameters are investigated. Effects beyond well-known facts are outlined and new planning guidelines are derived. Given the results, an Automatic Planning strategy is devised to automate the configuration of these parameters and to find a combination such as traffic is effectively equalized among cells and a higher capacity is achieved. The technique is based on the Simulated Annealing metaheuristic and is able to improve the global performance of the network, represented by a cost function containing information on the load factor and subject to other quality constraints. The importance of uplink (UL) requirements, usually missed by existent proposals, has been also included and analytically addressed. Reconfiguring BSs is not the only means to modify cell shapes, in this sense the study is extended by introducing repeaters, which allow generating distributed coverage areas. This is the context of the second part of the thesis. New effects not present in FDMA based 2G systems imply that the radio planning process becomes more complex. Most existent papers dealing with repeaters in WCDMA networks, ignore these effects or claim their irrelevance. That is why the research work was focused in modeling them, quantifying their impact and deriving radio planning guidelines to enhance the final performance of the radio access network. The new expression for the feasibility condition has been analytically obtained showing a tradeoff between capacity and coverage. This has been analyzed both theoretically and by means of simulations and the adjustment of several parameters which have a significant impact is discussed to derive practical rules of thumb. Variation on the coverage of the donor cell before and after installing repeaters is also modeled. Subsequently, it is proposed a new methodology to analyze WCDMA networks with repeaters deployment, considering realistically path delays and the behavior of Rake receivers. This allows an enhanced analysis with respect to traditional approaches which, under certain circumstances, tend to provide erroneously optimistic metrics. The final part of the dissertation goes one step further in Automatic Planning and two dynamic mechanisms are proposed and validated so that the network can react and self tune in front of changes in traffic conditions. The first one follows some previous conclusions and aims at detecting if one of the links has capacity problems and if so, favors it to delay congestion control actions. Finally, HSDPA technology is introduced and, after analyzing the resources to be shared with a previous release of UMTS, it is concluded that a system that dynamically manages the OVSF code tree is desired. A mechanism aiming at maximizing cell throughput while guaranteeing blocking and dropping criteria is proposed and validated.

Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações<br>The mobile networks market (focus of this work) strategy is based on the consolidation of the installed structure and the optimization of the already existent resources. The increasingly competition and aggression of this market requires, to the mobile operators, a continuous maintenance and update of the networks in order to obtain the minimum number of fails and provide the best experience for its subscribers. In this context, this dissertation presents a study aiming to assist the mobile operators improving future network modifications. In overview, this dissertation compares several forecasting methods (mostly based on time series analysis) capable of support mobile operators with their network planning. Moreover, it presents several network indicators about the more common bottlenecks.<br>A estratégia comum dos operadores no mercado das redes móveis (área onde este trabalho se debruça) passa por uma consolidação da sua rede base já instalada e pela otimização dos recursos já existentes. A crescente competitividade e agressividade deste mercado obrigam a que os operadores mantenham a sua rede atualizada e com o menor número de falhas possível, com a finalidade de oferecer a melhor experiência aos seus utilizadores. Neste contexto, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo que auxilia os operadores a aperfeiçoar futuras alterações na sua rede. De um modo geral, esta dissertação compara alguns métodos de previsão (baseados maioritariamente na análise de séries temporais) capazes de assistir os operadores no planeamento da sua rede e ainda apresenta alguns indicadores de rede onde as limitações de desempenho são mais frequentes.