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Grosz-Ngaté, Maria, Saskia Pallais i Jonathan Walz. "Study Abroad in Tanzania". African Issues 28, nr 1-2 (2000): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500007009.
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The University of Florida (UF) Center for African Studies and International Center jointly sponsor an academic-year program at the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) in Tanzania. Begun in 1989, the program offers students from across the United States the opportunity to pursue their studies in a range of fields alongside Tanzanian students. Students pay UDSM tuition and a program development fee. In accordance with the agreement between UDSM and UF, tuition is deposited in an account at the University of Florida to be used for UDSM faculty development: Each year several junior faculty members nominated by their departments spend three months at UF working in consultation with local faculty and using UF library and computer facilities. In my capacity as assistant director of the Center for African Studies, I have had the pleasure of working with both the visiting Tanzanian faculty and the U.S. students going to Tanzania.
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Sholehah, Amalia, i Akhmad Herman Yuwono. "Stress – Strain Analysis on ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized via Wet Chemistry Method". Advanced Materials Research 1112 (lipiec 2015): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.57.
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In the present work, ZnO nanostructures were synthesized via wet chemistry method. The seeding solution was prepared from zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine. Prior to the heating process, the seeding solution was immersed in cold bath (0°C). XRD analysis had shown sharp peaks in diffractogram, indicating the high crystallinity of ZnO nanostructures. The crystallite size was determined using Scherrer equation and Williamson-Hall method. Other relevant parameters including stress, strain, and energy density were calculated using Williamson-Hall assuming UDM, UDSM, and UDEDM. The results had revealed that crystallite size calculated with Williamson-Hall method is more accurate than Scherrer equation.
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Dani, Mohammad, Aziz Khan Jahja, Parikin Parikin, Andon Insani i Riza Iskandar. "Strain analysis in ferritic filler weldment by using the modified Williamson-hall method". Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13, nr 4 (26.12.2017): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v0n0.771.
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A strain analysis study of the Fe-Cr-Ni based low carbon steel for welding application prepared by a thermal-induction furnace were performed using a modified Williamson-Hall (MHW) method. Three different models, uniform deformation (UDM), the uniform deformation stress (UDSM), and the the uniform deformation energy density (UDEDM) models. The optimal results showed by calculation result using UDM method indicate that uniform deformation was present on analyzed material. Based on UDM method, the welded material contains smaller grain size than the based materials. The calculated of average microstrain values of 7.6351×10-4 and -9.21×10-4 for based and welded materials respectively suggest different strain phenomena occurs during welding processes. Microstructure analysis by means of transmission electron microscopy reveal that based material consist of grains in 50-100 nm sizes and with planar defects are also detected.
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Samanta, Jagannath, i Bishnu Prasad De. "Delay analysis of UDSM CMOS VLSI circuits". Procedia Engineering 30 (2012): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.844.
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Mhokole, Erick Leonard, i Collin Kimaryo. "Usage of Reference Management Software by Postgraduate Students at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania". University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal 17, nr 2 (18.01.2023): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/udslj.v17i2.12.
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This paper presents the of a study conducted at the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Tanzania on the usage of Reference Management Software (RMS) by postgraduate students and guided by TAM and DIT theories. The study employed a descriptive research design and both. One hundred and four (The study Findings further revealed that most respondents have a favourable attitude toward RMS and perceive RMS as useful and easy to use, even though few actually use RMS mainly totechnical services support, lack of internet connectivity and unreliable power supply. The study concluded that the usage of RMS by postgraduate students at UDSM is low.
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Swai, K. W., i Z. N. D. Swai. "Construction of Pile Foundation for Hall Seven, UDSM". Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 1, nr 1 (4.10.2020): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v1i1.6.
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Al-Hertani, Hussam, Dhamin Al-Khalili i Côme Rozon. "UDSM subthreshold leakage model for NMOS transistor stacks". Microelectronics Journal 39, nr 12 (grudzień 2008): 1809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2008.05.002.
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Li, Li, Hongxia Liu, Cui Dong i Wen Zhou. "Characterization analysis of UDSM LVTSCR under TLP stress". Journal of Semiconductors 32, nr 5 (maj 2011): 054002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/32/5/054002.
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Pulimeno, Azzurra, Mariagrazia Graziano i Gianluca Piccinini. "UDSM Trends Comparison: From Technology Roadmap to UltraSparc Niagara2". IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 20, nr 7 (lipiec 2012): 1341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2011.2148183.
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Said, Mahir M., Asia A. Saad, Geoffrey R. John i Aviti T. Mushi. "Generation of Electricity by Using Microbial Fuel Cell Prototype Fed by Sewage: Case Study at the University of Dar es Salaam". Tanzania Journal of Science 49, nr 1 (31.03.2023): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v49i1.21.
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The access to electricity is still not reliable in Tanzania. Whilst, there are several locations within the country that have wastewater cites that are not economically used to produce electricity. At the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), there are main grid power, and few scattered solar panels. This study was intended to bridge the divide between the current increasing power demands of the UDSM by exploiting not so much used sources, such as electric energy from wastewater. This study was undertaken to develop a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) prototype fed by sewage in Dar es Salaam, for electricity generation using cost effective materials for the cathode compartment. The collection of samples took place using sewage substrates from the UDSM oxidation ponds. The untreated sewage was collected from oxidation ponds. Preliminary experiments were carried out to identify the cathode and substrate that produced better results in terms of volts and current output. Aluminium produced the most desirable results compared to copper, stainless steel and mild steel in all the substrates. On the other hand, untreated sewage with aluminium/carbon electrodes produced higher voltage and current compared to treated sewage with the same electrodes. Thereafter, a prototype of the MFC was developed by connecting three single chambered cells in series of 628 cm3 volume of untreated sewage with aluminium and carbon electrodes. The prototype generated a stable voltage of 1.73 V and a current of 0.07 mA recorded for a period of one hour. The power generated was enough to light a 6.25 mW LED bulb of 25 mA across a 100 Ω resister. Therefore, untreated sewage produced more power in MFCs with aluminium/carbon electrodes compared to the other tested materials.
Keywords: Aluminium electrodes, charcoal electrode, alternative energy source, wastewater
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Sheng’en, LIU, CHEN Xiangning i WANG Decheng. "Edge collapse of UDSM based on centroidal Voronoi diagram reconstruction". Journal of Applied Optics 41, nr 1 (2020): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5768/jao202041.0102010.
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Manyasa, Jonace. "Analysis of French grammatical gender errors committed by learners in Tanzanian universities". Journal for Foreign Languages 11, nr 1 (30.12.2019): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.11.65-86.
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This paper analyses the grammatical gender errors committed by learners of French as a foreign language in four Tanzanian universities: UDSM, UDOM, DUCE and Makumira (University of Dar es Salaam, University of Dodoma, Dar es Salaam University College of Education and Makumira University). The paper has three specific objectives: (i) to identify grammatical gender errors, (ii) to account for their sources and (iii) to propose a corrective treatment. The study included a total of 61 respondents. The data was collected through learners' written texts in French from which a corpus was developed. The study was guided by the error analysis approach and interlanguage theory. The data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings show that grammatical gender errors were found with regard to the masculine definite article (29.73%), the feminine definite article (24.32%), the masculine indefinite article (22.97%), the feminine indefinite article (16.22%) and possessive adjectives (6.76%). These findings show there is a need to help learners of French as a foreign language in the context of Tanzania using the recommended strategies.
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Mercy, Mbise, i Simba Fatuma. "Performance Evaluation of UDSM Network to Deliver Multimedia eLearning Contents: Case of CoICT". Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 41, nr 4 (31.12.2022): 205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v41i4.860.
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The use of technology in education in Sub-Saharan Africa has been reported to be hindered by many factors including inadequate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, low internet speed, and lack of skills to use educational technologies. This paper aim at evaluating how the available ICT infrastructure at the College of Information and Communication Technologies (CoICT) can support, with acceptable Quality of Service (QoS), the delivery of multimedia applications for eLearning services. The evaluation was performed over a network testbed implemented in a computer laboratory for wired and wireless connections. The testbed consisted of five personal computers (PCs) connected via a switch and a router to the internet for the wired connection. The wireless connection consisted of three PCs and a laptop connected through a switch and a router to the internet via a wireless access point. Four different multimedia applications were run through the PCs, and traffic data was mirrored and captured at one of the PC using Wireshark network analyzer. The traffic included streamed and conversational video and audio using YouTube and Zoom applications, respectively; interactive web browsing using web browsers; bulk file transfer, and a mixture of all applications running on the computers. Traffic data captured during the running of these applications were packet loss, delay, jitter, and throughput. The QoS performance parameters obtained were within the acceptable threshold values as per International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) values. Results revealed that ICT infrastructure at CoICT can support delivery of multimedia content for eLearning purposes for both wired and wireless connections. Having the infrastructure capable of supporting multimedia applications with the acceptable QoS implies that instructors are equipped with a conducive environment that supports multimedia application. Hence, they are expected to use and continue using educational technologies to facilitate teaching and learning processes.
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Mungwabi, Hosea. "Assessment on Usage of the Library Website Resources by Students in the Information Studies Programme at the University of Dar es Salaam". Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 42, nr 2 (30.06.2023): 224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v42i2.917.
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The study investigated students' usage of electronic resources available on the UDSM Library's website. Specifically, the study determined whether information studies students were aware of the electronic resources, how frequently they used them, and whether their demographic characteristics influenced their usage. The study also examined the students' satisfaction with the functional and non- functional attributes of the website resources. A mixed-methods research design combining both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was used. The sample consisted of 118 student respondents who were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with class representatives and three library staff familiar with website design. The study employed content analysis to analyze the qualitative data and Statistical Product and Services Solution (SPSS) for chi-square tests to analyze the quantitative data. Observations were also made on aspects that could be observed, such as response speed and user interface. The results of the study reveal that the majority of respondents were aware of the electronic resources available on the UDSM Library website, and there was a relationship between awareness and the respondents' years of study. The study also found that most respondents frequently accessed and used the website's resources, and this was not influenced by gender. However, open- access repositories and e-books were preferred to subscribed resources and journals, respectively. Although respondents were generally satisfied with the quality of information resources, they were dissatisfied with some non-functional aspects of the website, including response speed, accessibility of information resources off-campus, and multiple and misleading user interfaces.
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Manyasa, Jonace. "When Language Transfer is Negative". Journal for Foreign Languages 13, nr 1 (27.12.2021): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.13.165-190.
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This paper analyses morpho-syntactic interference errors committed by learners of French as a foreign language in four Tanzanian universities: UDSM, UDOM, DUCE and Makumira. The paper has three specific objectives: (i) to identify morpho-syntactic interference errors, (ii) to account for their sources and (iii) to recommend a corrective treatment. The study included a total of 61 respondents. The data was collected through learners’ written texts in French from which a corpus was developed. The study was guided by the interlanguage theory and the error analysis approach. Data analysis was qualitative. The findings reveal that errors included the use of nouns with English origins (18.87%), omission of prepositions (36.79%) and absence of determiners (44.34%). The findings further show that these errors are due to previously acquired or learned languages: Swahili, ethnic community languages and English. Different recommendations are given following the findings. As regards the use of definite and indefinite articles in French, teachers should provide a guided reading of different French texts through which learners will be able to understand how articles are used. To master the use of prepositions, teachers should encourage learners to read a variety of texts in French as this can make them understand and internalize the different prepositions. Moreover, through regular exercises on word formation in French, learners may be able to familiarize themselves with French nouns, hence internalizing their forms. Finally, the learning of French nouns should be done in context.
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Mwiru, Diana Philemon. "Data Mining as a Tool for Quality Assurance in HLIs : Experience from Dissertation Evaluation Process at UDSM". Asian Business Research 2, nr 3 (29.10.2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/abr.v2i3.275.
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This paper seeks to better understand how data mining can be used to improve quality assurance system in HLIs in Tanzania. A time series analysis of 133 pairs of examiners’ reports from the University of Dar es Salaam Business School (UDBS) was conducted. The analyses covered reports of three years from year 2014 to 2016. Analysis of means and correlation analysis were performed. In addition, content analysis of overall recommendations and comments provided by examiners was done. The results suggest that assessment reports contain useful information that could serve purpose other than awarding grades to students. The information contained could be used to inform future decisions geared to improving supervision, assessment and teaching in HLIs.
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Mohankumar, Madhan, S. Praveen Kumar, B. Guruprasad, Sreekanth Manavalla, Joshua Stephen Chellakumar Isaac JoshuaRamesh Lalvani, P. L. Somasundaram, P. Tamilarasu i Prakash Singh Tanwar. "XRD Peak Profile Analysis of SiC Reinforced Al2O3 Ceramic Composite Synthesized by Electrical Resistance Heating and Microwave Sintering: A Comparison". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (3.08.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8341924.
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Al2O3 with 10 wt.% of SiC ceramic composite is synthesized at 1500°C by electrical resistance heating sintering with a holding time of 5 hours and microwave sintering methods with a holding time of 15 minutes. The samples generated by the two methods are characterized using powder X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Experiments with both samples showed that the existence of the α-Al2O3 and β-SiC phases in both samples was verified by the findings of XRD pattern on both samples. Microstructure study illustrates that the Al2O3 matrix particles have spherical-like shape and their average matrix particle size is 67 ± 5 nm for electrical resistance heating sintered sample and 38 ± 5 nm for microwave sintered sample. The lattice strain and crystallite size of Al2O3 matrix were measured using Williamson–Hall (W-H) methods, which were achieved via the use of XRD peak broadening, based on a diffraction pattern. Three modified W-H models were used to compute other parameters, including strain (ε) and stress (σ), as well as energy density (u). These models were the uniform deformation model (UDM), the uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM), and the uniform deformation stress model (UDSM). The average crystallite sizes of α-Al2O3 attained from these three models of Williamson–Hall (W–H) methods and FESEM analysis are correlated and found very close to each other. In all three models of the W-H technique, X-ray diffraction peak profile examination of electrical resistance heating-sintered and microwave-sintered Al2O3/10 wt. % SiC ceramic composite reveals that the microwave-sintered sample has finer crystallite size with less strain.
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Käyhkö, N., C. William, J. Mayunga, M. O. Makame, E. Mauya i A. Järvi. "BUILDING GEOSPATIAL COMPETENCES IN TANZANIAN UNIVERSITIES WITH OPEN SOURCE SOLUTIONS". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W8 (11.07.2018): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w8-93-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The GEO-ICT is an institutional cooperation project aiming at improving the quality and societal relevance of geospatial and ICT research and education at the Universities of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Ardhi University (ARU), State University of Zanzibar (SUZA) and Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA). Jointly with the University of Turku (UTU) Finland, the institutions focus on strengthening geospatial and ICT skills of the staff, establishing new curricula, upgrading supportive infrastructures and creating synergetic cooperation modalities with different stakeholders in the society. In this paper we share how our practical experiences of the cooperation, including what is the background for the establishment of institutional cooperation between these universities, how is the project operating in practice, what type of activities and cooperation modalities we do together and how do we think institutional cooperation contributes to the advancement of geospatial expertise in Tanzania and what is the role of open source solutions in this development.</p>
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Mwantimwa, Kelefa, i Evans Wema. "Perceived benefits and barriers of using online journal systems". University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal 17, nr 1 (18.07.2022): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/udslj.v17i1.11.
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This study has established the perceived benefits and barriers of using online journal systems (OJS). A descriptive research design alongside a quantitative approach was used to establish perceived benefits and barriers of using online journal systems among University of Dar es Salaam faculty members. In the study data were gathered through survey questionnaires. The data were then organized and summarized through descriptive statistics in form of frequencies and percentages. The study reveals that a significant number of faculty members infrequently use the systems in their scholarly communication. Along this, the study reveals various benefits of using OJS as perceived by faculty members. The study also reveals diverse perceived barriers that undermine effective use of the systems. These include low internet bandwidth and technical difficulties. The study recommends that the UDSM has to take deliberate measures to enhance internet services through increasing bandwidth, alongside increasing training on the use of online journal systems.
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Klomsri, Tina, i Matti Tedre. "Poor Information Literacy Skills and Practices as Barriers to Academic Performance: A Mixed Methods Study of the University of Dar es Salaam". Reference & User Services Quarterly 55, nr 4 (1.07.2016): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.55n4.293.
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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is increasingly used in Tanzanian education. Knowing how to operate ICT alone is incomplete without knowing how to use it as a tool for organization, communication, research, and problem-solving. In recognition of this challenge, information literacy (IL) has been identified as a key attribute to students as they progress through their learning paths. Based on a mixed methods strategy, using questionnaires and focus group discussions, this study measured the level of IL skills among University of Dar es Salaam’s (UDSM) postgraduate students, to gain insights into the students’ perceptions and experiences with information problems. A total of 102 students from four institutions answered the online questionnaire and 22 students participated in six focus group discussions. The questionnaire scores of the students were poor in the majority of IL categories, suggesting ineffectiveness of the current IL training in imparting IL knowledge and skills. The study ends by discussing recommendations to improve current IL practices at the university.
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M. Johnson Ishengoma. "5 - Cost-Sharing in Higher Education in Tanzania: Fact or Fiction?" Journal of Higher Education in Africa 2, nr 2 (14.01.2004): 101–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v2i2.1677.
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In the early 1990s, Tanzania reintroduced a policy of higher educational cost-shar- ing, designed to slowly move some of the costs of higher education, which in recent years had been borne almost exclusively by the government, toward parents and students as well as toward other nongovernmental parties. This article reports research into the difference this policy seems to have made at Tanzania’s major public university, the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), with particular atten- tion to the enrollment of privately sponsored (i.e., fee-paying) students and other changes discernable in university finances during the early years of this policy implementation. The report concludes that cost sharing in higher education in Tan- zania is justified on the grounds of the sheer need for nongovernmental revenue for public higher education institutions because of the declining government ap- propriations to these institutions, along with the dire need to expand access to higher education; however, its implementation has been lackadaisical.
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Laera, Anita, Tuan Anh Bui i Sandro Brasile. "Finite element modelling of unsaturated soils using a modified version of the Barcelona Basic Model". E3S Web of Conferences 382 (2023): 15005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338215005.
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In this paper, unsaturated soil behaviour is numerically simulated using a modified version of the Barcelona Basic Model. The model has been implemented as a User-Defined Soil Model (UDSM) in the finite element code PLAXIS. Unlike the original formulation based on net stress ([1]), this model isformulated based on the well-known Bishop’s effective stress, with suction as an additional stress variable. Furthermore, a non-associated flow rule and the dependency on Lode’s angle proposed by [2] are incorporated. The Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) follows the Van Genuchten model ([3]). First, the simulation of laboratory tests along different stress paths and levels of suction are compared againstexperimental data. Then, an unsaturated soil embankment subject to a time-dependent precipitation is simulated by means of a fully coupled flow-deformation analysis. The results show the capability of the model to reproduce the main features of unsaturated soil behaviour both at material point level and inboundary value problems.
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Atghiaee, Ahmad, Nasser Masoumi, Payman Zarkesh-Ha i Milad Mehri. "Predictive Application of PIDF and PPC for Interconnects' Crosstalk, TSV, and LER Issues in UDSM ICs and Nano-Systems". IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 22, nr 2 (luty 2014): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2243849.
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Sandel, Michael J., i Josephat Muhoza. "In Conversation with Michael Sandel on World Philosophy Day 2021 in Tanzania". Utafiti 17, nr 1 (24.06.2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020055.
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Abstract Michael J. Sandel is a political and moral philosopher on the faculty of Harvard’s Department of Government. On World Philosophy Day 2021, Professor Sandel joined the University of Dar es Salaam by live-streamed video in a short question and answer session to celebrate the UN World Philosophy Day 2021. The questions referred to three of Sandel’s books, The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good? (2020) What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets (2012) and Justice: What’s the right thing to do? (2010), volumes that have been translated in over thirty languages. Sandel’s lectures have packed St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, the Sydney Opera House in Australia, and an outdoor stadium in Seoul, South Korea where 14,000 came to one event to hear him speak. Discussants included convener Dr. Josephat Muhoza, a senior member of the UDSM Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies. Dr. Philbert Komu and Mr. Shija Kuhumba, faculty members of the department, philosophy students, and other members of the audience, also posed questions.
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Högfeldt, Anna-Karin, Anders Rosén, Christine Mwase, Ann Lantz, Lena Gumaelius, Eva Shayo, Suzan Lujara i Nerey Mvungi. "Mutual Capacity Building through North-South Collaboration Using Challenge-Driven Education". Sustainability 11, nr 24 (17.12.2019): 7236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247236.
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The urgent need for actions in the light of the global challenges motivates international policy to define roadmaps for education on all levels to step forward and contribute with new knowledge and competencies. Challenge-Driven Education (CDE) is described as an education for Sustainable Development (ESD) approach, which aims to prepare students to work with global challenges and to bring value to society by direct impact. This paper describes, evaluates and discusses a three-year participatory implementation project of Challenge-driven education (CDE) within the engineering education at the University of Dar es Salam, UDSM, which has been carried out in collaboration with the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH in Stockholm. Conclusions are drawn on crucial aspects for engineering education change through the lens of Activity Theory (AT), where CDE is brought forward as a motivating ESD initiative for engineering faculty and students. Furthermore participatory co-creation is notably useful as it aims to embrace social values among the participants. Also, traditional organizational structures will need to be continuously negotiated in the light of the integration of more open-ended approaches in education.
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Wilkening, G. Lucy, Genevieve M. Hale i Clint Ross. "Urine drug screens: Considerations for the psychiatric pharmacist". Mental Health Clinician 6, nr 1 (1.01.2016): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2016.01.042.
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Abstract Introduction Proper psychiatric evaluation of patients necessitates that the clinician be vigilant in ruling out secondary causes of symptoms, such as substance-induced symptoms. Immunoassay-type urine drug screens (UDSs) offer clinicians rapid drug screen results, ease of use, and inexpensive cost. Unfortunately, these screens are not without their limitations. This review aims to outline the nuances and limitations of immunoassay UDSs and to provide the clinician with information that facilitates more accurate interpretation of UDS results. Specifically, false positive results associated with psychiatric medications and the availability and methods for acquisition of commercialized UDS masking agents will be reviewed. Methods A literature review was conducted to identify false positive UDSs associated with psychiatric medications. References for each article identified were also reviewed. Additionally, a Google® search was conducted to identify commercially available preparations used to mask UDS results and the methods of acquisition of these products. Results A total of 14 articles were identified using PubMed. No articles for mood stabilizing agents were identified. Entering the phrase how to pass a drug test into Google® search yielded about 12.6 million results, and select references were reviewed based on relevance and user reviews. Discussion Several psychiatric medications are documented as potential sources of false positive UDSs. Additionally, several agents are available for consumer purchase that may result in false negative UDSs. The clinician must be vigilant in interpreting immunoassay UDS results and should utilize more advanced forms of testing as clinically appropriate.
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Kwon, Soon Ho, i Joong Hoon Kim. "Machine Learning and Urban Drainage Systems: State-of-the-Art Review". Water 13, nr 24 (11.12.2021): 3545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13243545.
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In the last decade, machine learning (ML) technology has been transforming daily lives, industries, and various scientific/engineering disciplines. In particular, ML technology has resulted in significant progress in neural network models; these enable the automatic computation of problem-relevant features and rapid capture of highly complex data distributions. We believe that ML approaches can address several significant new and/or old challenges in urban drainage systems (UDSs). This review paper provides a state-of-the-art review of ML-based UDS modeling/application based on three categories: (1) operation (real-time operation control), (2) management (flood-inundation prediction) and (3) maintenance (pipe defect detection). The review reveals that ML is utilized extensively in UDSs to advance model performance and efficiency, extract complex data distribution patterns, and obtain scientific/engineering insights. Additionally, some potential issues and future directions are recommended for three research topics defined in this study to extend UDS modeling/applications based on ML technology. Furthermore, it is suggested that ML technology can promote developments in UDSs. The new paradigm of ML-based UDS modeling/applications summarized here is in its early stages and should be considered in future studies.
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SENTHILPARI, C., K. DIWAKAR i AJAY KUMAR SINGH. "LOW POWER, LOW LATENCY, HIGH THROUGHPUT 16-BIT CSA ADDER USING NONCLOCKED PASS-TRANSISTOR LOGIC". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, nr 03 (maj 2009): 581–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126609005277.
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As the CMOS technology continues to scale to achieve higher performance, power dissipation and robustness to leakage and, process variations are becoming major obstacles for circuit design in the nanoscale technologies. Due to increased density of transistors in integrated circuits and higher frequencies of operation, power consumption, propagation delay, PDP, and area is reaching the lower limits. We have designed 16-bit adder circuit by Carry-Select Adder (CSA) using different pass-transistor logic. The adder cells are designed by DSCH3 CAD tools and layout are generated by Microwind 3 VLSI CAD tools. Using CSA technique, the power dissipation, PDP, area, transistor count, are calculated from the layout cell of proposed 16-bit adder for Ultra Deep Submicron feature size of 120, 90, 70, and 50 nm. The UDSM signal parameters are calculated such as signal to noise ratio (SNR), energy per instruction (EPI), Latency, and throughput using layout parameter analysis of BSIM 4. The simulated results show that the CPL is dominant in terms of power dissipation, propagation delay, PDP, and area among the other pass gate logics. Our CPL circuit dominates in terms of EPI, SNR, throughput, and latency in signal parameters analysis. The proposed CPL adder circuit is compared with reported results and found that our CPL circuit gives better performance.
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Ndenje-Sichalwe, Esther, i Emmanuel Frank Elia. "A seventeen-year Research Topic Dispersion and Methodological Choices among LIS Postgraduates in Tanzania". University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal 17, nr 1 (18.07.2022): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/udslj.v17i1.9.
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The study explored research topics dispersal and research strategies of Library and Information Science (LIS) postgraduate students in Tanzania from 2000-2017. Data were collected from the East Africana research repository section of the UDSM Library and the Information Studies Programme (ISP) offices from June to November 2017. A total of 269 LIS dissertations were assessed using content analysis to classify research topics. Findings revealed topics extensively researched were information dissemination, information access and information seeking behaviour. Least researched topics were information privacy and ethics, reading habits and encouragement, copyright and Information policy. History of information science and librarianship, quantitative and qualitative research, multimedia, webometrics, human–computer interaction, systems analysis, digital security, internet crime and information licensing and fair use were not researched. In addition, mixed research approach was mostly preferred by students but experimental and action research were least used. The study contributes in LIS education mapping in Tanzania and likely the first study to show topics selection based on globally accepted LIS classification schemes. The study gives an insight on research topics and research strategies used in higher learning organizations (HLIs) in Tanzania and arguably most developing countries. Findings may improve quality of research offered in LIS schools by supporting LIS postgraduate training and establishing library technology hubs and laboratories to match the world LIS research trend and order.
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Mkhai, Emmanuel, i Nakivona Hashim Rashid. "Management of Personal Information among Library Staff at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania". University of Dar es Salaam Library Journal 16, nr 2 (7.02.2022): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/udslj.v16i2.12.
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Effective management of personal information is pivotal for its sustainable use. This article presents a study that has assessed the personal information anagement (PIM) practices of library staff at the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM). The study used a descriptive research design deploying both qualitative and quantitative approaches under which questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were used to collect data. While qualitative data were subjected to content analysis, statistical analysis was used to generate descriptive and inferential statistics from quantitative data using IBM SPSS version 23. The findings have revealed that librarians at are generally aware of various PIM practices and use them to manage their personal information. The librarians use both physical and electronic tools to manage their personal information. These tools include physical folders, files, and boxes, which are used to manage physical information, and Dropbox, Google Drive, and iCloud which are used to manage electronic information. Several factors influence the effectiveness of librarians’ PIM practices. These include librarians’ demographic characteristics (age and levels of education), knowledge of the information cycle, information management skills, and available information systems. Factors such as inadequate information management skills and shortage of time have been found to undermine the effectiveness of the studied population’s PIM practices. The study concludes that understanding factors that influence and undermine effective PIM practices is essential in setting a foundation for improving personal information management.
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Bakhshipour, Amin, Jessica Hespen, Ali Haghighi, Ulrich Dittmer i Wolfgang Nowak. "Integrating Structural Resilience in the Design of Urban Drainage Networks in Flat Areas Using a Simplified Multi-Objective Optimization Framework". Water 13, nr 3 (22.01.2021): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030269.
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Structural resilience describes urban drainage systems’ (UDSs) ability to minimize the frequency and magnitude of failure due to common structural issues such as pipe clogging and cracking or pump failure. Structural resilience is often neglected in the design of UDSs. The current literature supports structural decentralization as a way to introduce structural resilience into UDSs. Although there are promising methods in the literature for generating and optimizing decentralized separate stormwater collection systems, incorporating hydraulic simulations in unsteady flow, these approaches sometimes require high computational effort, especially for flat areas. This may hamper their integration into ordinary commercially designed UDS software due to their predominantly scientific purposes. As a response, this paper introduces simplified cost and structural resilience indices that can be used as heuristic parameters for optimizing the UDS layout. These indices only use graph connectivity information, which is computationally much less expensive than hydraulic simulation. The use of simplified objective functions significantly simplifies the feasible search space and reduces blind searches by optimization. To demonstrate the application and advantages of the proposed model, a real case study in the southwest city of Ahvaz, Iran was explored. The proposed framework was proven to be promising for reducing the computational effort and for delivering realistic cost-wise and resilient UDSs.
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Granger, Carl V., i Carol M. Brownscheidle. "Outcome Measurement in Medical Rehabilitation". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 11, nr 2 (1995): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300006875.
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AbstarctThe Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSmr) provides a method for uniform assessment of the severity of patient disability and the outcomes of medical rehabilitative care. The effectiveness and efficiency of medical rehabilitation services may be analyzed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the functional assessment component of the UDS, and other data. Program evaluation models based on the UDSMR and the FIM are useful for measuring resource cost of disability.
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Ishengoma, Johnson Muchunguzi. "Incorporating the Tuning Approach in Higher Education curricular reforms and course design in Tanzania for enhancing graduates’ competencies: stakeholders’ views". Tuning Journal for Higher Education 5, nr 1 (30.11.2017): 121–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tjhe-5(1)-2017pp121-169.
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Available documentary and researchevidencesreveal that the majority of Tanzania universities’ graduates (public and private universities) lack competencies or technical skills (employability skills) required for the job market and by potential employers, despite massive curricular reforms implemented in the public higher education sector since the early 1990s. Lack of employability skills which consequently leads to graduate unemployment or un-employability is attributable to the fact that curricular reforms and design in Tanzania public universities undertaken by lecturers and professors do not incorporate basic Tuning principles of competence-based teaching and learning which puts emphasis on competencies and skills by identifying generic and specific competencies during course design or curriculum reform. This study using the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM)’s School of Education sought to: (1) explore faculty and students’ views on the application of the Tuning approach in curricular reforms and degree/course design as a mitigation of university graduates’ unemployment and un-employability, (2) solicit stakeholders’(academic staff and students) perceptions of Tuning approach and its relevance in higher education curriculum reforms and design to make higher education more competence-based, and (3) find out students perceived causes of graduate unemployment and un-employability and whether the application of Tuning approach in curriculum reforms and design in universities can be a solution to graduate unemployment. Findings from the study reveal that both faculty and students concur that application of Tuning approach in higher education reforms and curricular design could enhance graduates competences and skills and reduce graduate unemployment.Published online: 30 November 2017
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Sankey, MD, CCFP (EM), Christopher, Beatrice Setnik, PhD, Zoltan Harsanyi, BSc (Hon), MLS, MBA, PStat. (SSC), PSTAT® (ASA), Ken Michalko, PharmD, MBA, Zejiang Yang, PhD i Pierre Geoffroy, MDCM, MSc, FCFP, DABAM. "Opioid use following the introduction of an extended-release oxycodone formulation with tamper-resistant properties: Prospective historical chart review in methadone-maintained patients". Journal of Opioid Management 12, nr 2 (1.03.2016): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2016.0327.
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Objective: Emerging data are demonstrating that tamper-resistant opioids may play an important role in changing prescription opioid abuse behaviors. This study was a chart review to examine if the reformulation of OxyContin® into a version with tamper-resistant properties (OxyNEO®) had an impact on oxycodone-positive urine drug screens (UDSs) in opioid-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT).Design: The historical element of this study examined 250 eligible charts from patients on MMT who had data during the time periods when only OxyContin was available (baseline period), during the transition to OxyNEO, and when only OxyNEO was available. The prospective element included an exploratory questionnaire regarding retrospective opioid use.Setting: The study was conducted at three methadone clinics, in Oshawa, Peterborough, and Scarborough in Ontario, Canada.Participants: Male and female patients were eligible if they had a diagnosis of opioid dependency, received MMT, and had at least one oxycodone-positive UDS during the baseline period.Intervention: This was a noninterventional study.Main outcome measure: The main outcome was the number of oxycodone-positive UDSs.Results: The results demonstrated a marked reduction in oxycodone-positive UDSs that showed stepwise, statistically significant decreases during the transition and post-OxyContin periods relative to baseline. While the oxycodone-positive UDS results were decreasing, morphine-related-positive UDSs remained relatively stable during the same periods. There were no significant gender differences noted.Conclusions: The introduction of OxyNEO was associated with a statistically significant reduction in oxycodone exposure in a population of methadone-maintained patients.
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Hirakauva, Elizabeth, Ana Bianchi-Ferraro, Eliana Zucchi, Marcio Kajikawa, Manoel Girão, Marair Sartori i Zsuzsanna Jarmy-Di Bella. "Incidence of Bacteriuria after Urodynamic Study with or without Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Women with Urinary Incontinence". Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 39, nr 10 (30.06.2017): 534–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604066.
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Introduction The presence of bacteria in urine is called bacteriuria, which may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. The manipulation of the urinary tract during urodynamic study (UDS), which is an invasive procedure, can result in urinary tract infection (UTI). Studies on the use of prophylactic antibiotics for UDSs are contradictory. Some investigators concluded that they were valuable and others did not. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis before UDS. This is a placebo-control randomized double-blind study. Methods Two-hundred and seventeen women affected by urinary incontinence were eligible for this study. All patients had presented negative urine culture previous to the UDS. They were randomized in four groups: group A received placebo, group B received 500 mg of levofloxacin, group C received 80 mg trimethoprim and 400 mg sulfamethoxazole and group D received 100 mg of nitrofurantoin. A urine culture was performed 14 days after the UDS. Results We observed asymptomatic bacteriuria after the UDS in five patients in group A, one in group B, one in group C and one in group D. Only one patient on group A had symptomatic bacteriuria. We didn't observe statistical difference between the groups. When we recategorized the patients in two groups, the incidence of bacteriuria was significantly higher in the placebo group compared with the antibiotic group. Conclusion The conclusion is that antibiotic prophylaxis before the UDS did not reduce the incidence of UTI in women within the target population.
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Diao, Kegong. "Multiscale Resilience in Water Distribution and Drainage Systems". Water 12, nr 6 (27.05.2020): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061521.
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Multiscale resilience, i.e., coordinating different scales within a system to jointly cope and mitigate risks on any single scale, is identified as the feature of a complex resilient system. However, in water distribution systems (WDSs) and urban drainage systems (UDSs), the inherent resilience is usually not multiscale resilience. By referring to the larger scale to larger pipes serving both local users and some other users at smaller scales, it can be found that smaller scales are not responsible for providing resilience to cope with failures in larger scales. These are because the main function of traditional water systems is to deliver water from upstream to downstream. This study demonstrates that improving multiscale resilience in WDSs and UDSs needs to allow water to travel reversely in the system via providing extra capacities and/or connections at smaller scales. This hypothesis is verified via case studies on a real world WDS and UDS.
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Kim, Seon Woo, Soon Ho Kwon i Donghwi Jung. "Development of a Multiobjective Automatic Parameter-Calibration Framework for Urban Drainage Systems". Sustainability 14, nr 14 (7.07.2022): 8350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148350.
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Urban drainage systems (UDSs) continue to face challenges, despite numerous efforts to improve their sustainability through design, planning, and management. The goal of such initiatives is to avoid and minimize flooding as well as maintain the UDS’s sustainable functionality, which can be analyzed using a stormwater management model (SWMM). In this study, a multiobjective automatic parameter-calibration (MAPC) framework was developed based on the SWMM. It consisted of three steps: sensitivity analysis (Step I), objective selection (Step II), and SWMM parameter calibration (Step III). The proposed MAPC framework was verified using the Yongdap drainage network located in Seoul, South Korea. The resultant MAPC framework demonstrated that the system characteristics (such as percent of impervious area and hillslope) and problems in UDS design, planning, and management can be well reflected by the corresponding model. The MAPC framework proposed in this study can contribute to UDS modeling sustainability.
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Kavanagh, Kevin, Kimberly Tallian, Joe A. Sepulveda, Sarah Rojas, Shedrick Martin i Harminder Sikand. "Do buprenorphine doses and ratios matter in medication assisted treatment adherence?" Mental Health Clinician 12, nr 4 (1.08.2022): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2022.08.241.
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Abstract Introduction Buprenorphine (BUP), generally prescribed as buprenorphine/naloxone, is a key component of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) to manage opioid use disorder. Studies suggest higher doses of BUP increase treatment adherence. Routine urine drug screens (UDS) assist in monitoring MAT adherence via measurement of excreted BUP and its metabolite, norbuprenorphine (NBP). The clinical significance between BUP/NBP concentrations and their ratios for assessing adherence and substance use is not well-described. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective chart review of 195 clients age ≥18 years enrolled in a local MAT program from August 2017 to February 2021. Demographics, BUP doses, prescription history, and UDS results were collected. Participants were divided based on MAT adherence (<80% vs ≥80%) and median total daily dose (TDD) of BUP (≥16 mg vs <16 mg) in addition to pre- and post-COVID-19 cohorts. Results Median BUP/NBP urinary concentrations were significantly correlated with MAT adherence (P < .0001 for each) and a reduced percentage of positive UDS for opioids (P = .0004 and P < .0001, respectively) but not their ratios. Median TDD of BUP ≥16 mg (n = 126) vs <16 mg (n = 68) was not correlated with MAT adherence (P = .107) or incidence of nonprescription use (P = .117). A significantly higher incidence of UDS positive for opiates (P = .049) and alcohol (P = .035) was observed post-COVID-19. Discussion Clients appearing adherent to MAT who had higher concentrations of urinary BUP/NBP demonstrated a reduced incidence of opioid-positive UDS independent of the BUP dose prescribed. An increase in opioid- and alcohol-positive UDSs were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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R. Nyahende, Veronica. "Implementations of the Best Practices in Repayment, the Way to Improve Collections of the Due Students’ Loans in Tanzania". Higher Education Studies 6, nr 1 (27.12.2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v6n1p60.
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<p>This study was designed to investigate the influence of the implementation of the best practices in repayment in the pre college preparation, in the in college period and in the after college period (the grace period and repayment) in increasing collections of the due students’ loans. The study was geared towards achieving the following objectives: (1) To assess the influence of the implementations of the best practices in repayment in the Pre college preparations in improving collections of the due students loans; (2) To examine the influence of the implementations of the best practices in repayment in the in college period in improving collections of the due students loans; (3) To investigate the influence of the implementations of the best practices in repayment in the after college period (the grace period and repayment) in improving collections of the due students loans.</p><p>Data were collected from parents, prospective loans beneficiaries and students’ loans beneficiaries in Dar es salaam city, in this study 5 secondary schools (Azania, Zanaki, Jangwani, Mbezi and Makongo), 5 universities (UDSM, DUCE, CBE, IFM and DIT) and 4 Organizations (HESLB, TPB, NBC and DUCE Academic staff) were visited. Data were collected from 267 respondents, 138 were from Kinondoni district, 65 from Ilala district, and 64 from Temeke. Data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) data analysis tool.</p><p>The study concluded that, the implementations of the best practice in repayment in the pre college preparation, in the in college period and in the after college period (the grace period and repayment) has an influence in increasing collections of the due students’ loans. In order to address these conclusions, the study recommends that HESLB should ensure the early education to the existing models and presentation to promote value of education, in the pre college preparations, presence of students financial aid offices, entry and exit counselling sessions, in the in college period as well as making sure that beneficiaries are reminded to repay, maintenance of the regular contacts with borrowers as well as establishment of contacts with dropouts in the after college period.</p>
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Jafari, Fatemeh, S. Jamshid Mousavi i Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam. "Predictive MPC-Based Operation of Urban Drainage Systems Using Input Data-Clustered Artificial Neural Networks Rainfall Forecasting Models". Hydrology 10, nr 7 (29.06.2023): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10070139.
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The model predictive control (MPC) approach can be implemented in either a reactive (RE-) or predictive (PR-) manner to control the operation of urban drainage systems (UDSs). Previous research focused mostly on the RE-MPC, as the PR-MPC, despite its potential to improve the performance of the UDS operations, requires additional computational resources and is more complex. This research evaluates the conditions under which the PR-MPC approach may be preferable. A PR-MPC model is developed, consisting of an adaptive input data-clustered ANN-based rainfall forecasting method coupled to an MPC framework. Observed and forecasted rainfall events are inputs to the internal MPC model, including the rainfall-runoff SWMM simulation model of the system and the MPC optimizer, which is a harmony search-based model determining optimal control policies. The proposed model was used as part of the UDS of Tehran, Iran, under different scenarios of input (rainfall), forecast accuracy (IFAC), and time horizon (IFTH). Results indicate that the PR-MPC performs better for longer-duration rainfall events, while the RE-MPC could be used to control very short storm occurrences. The proposed PR-MPC model can achieve between 85 and 92% of the performance of an ideal model functioning under the premise of perfect, error-free rainfall forecasts for two investigated rainfall events. Additionally, the IFAC can be improved by including rainfall fluctuations over finer temporal resolutions than the forecast horizon as additional predictors.
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Macnab, Andrew J., Lynn S. Stothers i Babak Shadgan. "Monitoring Detrusor Oxygenation and Hemodynamics Noninvasively during Dysfunctional Voiding". Advances in Urology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/676303.
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The current literature indicates that lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have a heterogeneous pathophysiology. Pressure flow studies (UDSs) remain the gold standard evaluation methodology for such patients. However, as the function of the detrusor muscle depends on its vasculature and perfusion, the underlying causes of LUTS likely include abnormalities of detrusor oxygenation and hemodynamics, and available treatment options include agents thought to act on the detrusor smooth muscle and/or vasculature. Hence, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an established optical methodology for monitoring changes in tissue oxygenation and hemodynamics, has relevance as a means of expanding knowledge related to the pathophysiology of BPH and potential treatment options. This methodological report describes how to conduct simultaneous NIRS monitoring of detrusor oxygenation and hemodynamics during UDS, outlines the clinical implications and practical applications of NIRS, explains the principles of physiologic interpretation of NIRS voiding data, and proposes an exploratory hypothesis that the pathophysiological causes underlying LUTS include detrusor dysfunction due to an abnormal hemodynamic response or the onset of oxygen debt during voiding.
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Mazzone, Luca, Alice Catherine Hölscher, Ueli Moehrlen, Rita Gobet, Martin Meuli i Maya Horst. "Urological Outcome after Fetal Spina Bifida Repair: Data from the Zurich Cohort". Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 47, nr 12 (2020): 882–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509392.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) represents a severe burden for patients with open spina bifida (OSB). The effect of fetal OSB repair on the urological outcome remains unclear, as controversial data exist. The aim of this study was to further increment existing outcome data and to demonstrate that our earlier published positive preliminary results are not erratic. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data from standardized urological follow-up appointments of patients with fetal OSB repair operated at our center were analyzed. Data were obtained from urodynamic studies (UDSs) and radiologic exams performed in the newborn (gestational age 37–39 weeks), at ages of 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, and then at yearly intervals. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 82 patients (mean age 2.6 years, range 6 months to 7 years), 26 (32%) had a normal bladder function as demonstrated by UDSs. Of the 56 (68%) patients with NLUTD, 29 (51%) patients showed initially a normal UDS, but developed NLUTD in the follow-up, 19 (66%) of them spontaneously and another 10 (34%) in association with growth and development, or surgery of inclusion cysts. Radiologic abnormalities (upper tract dilatation and vesico-uretero-renal reflux) were seen in 15%, mainly patients with NLUTD. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results add an important set of information to the existing body of evidence. The data reconfirm our earlier published favorable preliminary results and support other studies that show a possible benefit of prenatal OSB repair on the urological outcome, but they also demonstrate that the positive effect remains limited.
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Wang, Lang, Jian Hu, Cheng-Jun Xia, Jian-Feng Xu, Guang-Xiong Peng i Ren-Xin Xu. "Stable Up-Down Quark Matter Nuggets, Quark Star Crusts, and a New Family of White Dwarfs". Galaxies 9, nr 4 (28.09.2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies9040070.
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The possible existence of stable up-down quark matter (udQM) was recently proposed, and it was shown that the properties of udQM stars are consistent with various pulsar observations. In this work we investigate the stability of udQM nuggets and found at certain size those objects are more stable than others if a large symmetry energy and a small surface tension were adopted. In such cases, a crust made of udQM nuggets exists in quark stars. A new family of white dwarfs comprised entirely of udQM nuggets and electrons were also obtained, where the maximum mass approaches to the Chandrasekhar limit.
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Granger, Carl V., i Byron B. Hamilton. "UDS REPORT". American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 71, nr 2 (kwiecień 1992): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002060-199204000-00009.
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Bento, Guida, Aygul K. Shafigullina, Albert A. Rizvanov, Vilma A. Sardão, Maria Paula Macedo i Paulo J. Oliveira. "Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Applications in Regenerative and Predictive Medicine". Cells 9, nr 3 (28.02.2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030573.
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Despite being a biological waste, human urine contains a small population of cells with self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential into several cell types. Being derived from the convoluted tubules of nephron, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra, urine-derived stem cells (UDSC) have a similar phenotype to mesenchymal stroma cells (MSC) and can be reprogrammed into iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cells). Having simple, safer, low-cost and noninvasive collection procedures, the interest in UDSC has been growing in the last decade. With great potential in regenerative medicine applications, UDSC can also be used as biological models for pharmacology and toxicology tests. This review describes UDSC biological characteristics and differentiation potential and their possible use, including the potential of UDSC-derived iPSC to be used in drug discovery and toxicology, as well as in regenerative medicine. Being a new cellular platform amenable to noninvasive collection for disease stratification and personalized therapy could be a future application for UDSC.
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Cluckie, I. D., A. Lane i J. Yuan. "Modelling large urban drainage systems in real time". Water Science and Technology 39, nr 4 (1.02.1999): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0185.
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The interactions between rainfall and urban drainage systems (UDSs) are complex and must be considered as a whole in order to maximise control efficiency whilst at the same time achieving environmentally acceptable solutions. More rigorous standards, as a result of recent EU and UK legislation, are increasingly encouraging intervention in system management rather than more traditional passive procedures. To achieve these goals a global predictive real-time control (RTC) strategy is required, in which real-time flow prediction plays an important part in the provision of necessary first-hand information on system status in both current and predictive modes. This paper describes one such strategy, which differs from existing methods in the following ways: the novel way in which the UDS is represented; the algorithm used for model parameter identification; the strategies associated with the system output prediction; and the transfer function model used to represent the system. This transfer function model is a conceptually parameterised transfer function (CPTF) model, which by its nature falls into the category of lumped, dynamic, linear and conceptual although its structure takes the form of a non-conceptual transfer function model. The modelling approach is described as the RHINOS (Real-time urban Hydrological INfrastructure and Output modelling Strategy).
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Desai, Udaysingh, Yogesh Andoji i Shivaji Kamble. "Influence of temperature and different culture media on growth of fusarium udum (Butler), causal organism of wilt of pigeonpea". International Journal of Biological Research 4, nr 1 (6.04.2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbr.v4i1.5901.
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<p>The conditions suitable for growth of Fusarium udum causing wilt of Pigeon pea were analysed. Pigeon pea seed agar medium and Czapek Dox Agar medium was found to be most suitable growth medium for mycelial growth and sporulation of Fusarium udum. The optimum temperature for growth of Fusarium udum was found to be 28±2°C.</p>
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Yang, Bin, Zhanran Xia, Xinyun Gao, Jing Tu, Hao Zhou, Jun Wu i Mingzhen Li. "Research on the Application of Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) Method in High-Voltage (HV) Cable Fault Location". Energies 15, nr 22 (11.11.2022): 8447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228447.
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In HV cable fault location technology, line parameter uncertainty has an impact on the location criterion and affects the fault location result. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the uncertainty quantification of line parameters. In this paper, an impedance-based fault location criterion was used for an uncertainty study. Three kinds of uncertainty factors, namely the sheath resistivity per unit length, the equivalent grounding resistance on both sides, and the length of the cable section, were taken as random input variables without interaction. They were subject to random uniform distribution within a 50% amplitude variation. The relevant statistical information, such as the mean value, standard deviation and probability distribution, of the normal operation and fault state were calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method, the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) method, and the univariate dimension reduction method (UDRM), respectively. Thus, the influence of uncertain factors on fault location was analyzed, and the calculation results of the three uncertainty quantification methods compared. The results indicate that: (1) UQ methods are effective for simulation analysis of fault locations, and UDRM has certain application prospects for HV fault location in practice; (2) the quantification results of the MCS, PCE, and UDRM were very close, while the mean convergence rate was significantly higher for the UDRM; (3) compared with the MCS, PCE, and UDRM, the PCE and UDRM had higher accuracy, and MCS and UDRM required less running time.
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Diniz, Mucio Barata, Marina Franklin Ribeiro, Luísa Aguiar Monteiro Dias i Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro. "Use of Urodynamics by Gynecologists and Urologists in Brazil". Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 44, nr 07 (lipiec 2022): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744460.
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Abstract Objective Urodynamic studies (UDSs) are a set of tests that assess the storage and emptying of urine, and they are widely used by gynecologists and urologists in the management of urinary incontinence (UI), despite the discussion about its indications. The objectives of the present study were to verify whether UDSs are routinely used in the conservative and surgical approaches to female UI, their other clinical indications, and to compare the responses of Brazilian gynecologists and urologists. Methods The present is an opinion survey applied from August 2020 to January 2021 through a semistructured questionnaire about the clinical practice sent by e-mail to all participants. The responses were compared through statistical analyses. Results Of the 329 participants, 238 were gynecologists (72.3%) and 91, urologists (27.7%). Most gynecologists (73.5%) and urologists (86.6%) do not request UDSs before the conservative treatment of UI; but UDSs are indicated in the preoperative period of anti-incontinence surgeries. Most participants request UDSs in the initial approach to overactive bladder (gynecologists: 88.2%; urologists: 96.7%), and the urologist has greater chance to request this study (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9). For most participants, it is necessary to request uroculture before the UDSs. Conclusion Most Brazilian gynecologists and urologists who participated in the present study do not request UDSs before the conservative treatment of UI, according to national and internacional guidelines, and often request it before the surgical treatment for female UI. The indication of this exam in the initial approach of idiopathic overactive bladder should be reviewed by the participants.
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Lozano Rocha, Ana María. "Un dibujante + una mujer que posa + una mesa + una pantalla + una cuadrícula o dos cortes en la sustancia del mundo". Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas 15, nr 1 (20.12.2019): 158–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.mavae15-1.udum.
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Este artículo plantea develar el eje antrópico de la mirada hegemónica occidental para comprender cómo opera y de qué manera este genera una mirada. Los objetivos de tal deconstrucción tienen que ver con llevar a cabo un proceso de análisis sobre qué muestra y qué no dicho eje antrópico, y así conocer más sobre la imagen, su creador y su observador. Por otra parte, busca presentar las posibilidades de establecer otro aparato de ver que permita ver al otro, sacar al humano del centro de las coordenadas perceptivas y entender al humano como viviente entre vivientes, cuyas vidas merecen ser vividas. Es importante establecer que una de las maneras como se construyó el discurso de la excepcionalidad del humano pasó por la construcción del cubo perspéctico, aparato de ver estructurante y estructurador de las formas de comprensión del mundo posteriores a esa invención. Este, como todo aparato, es social, produce a su usuario y a su cuerpo. Con ello, genera perspectiva, formas de descripción del mundo, formas de intelección de los fenómenos, esto es, construye una episteme o lo que llamamos una mirada. Este artículo une herramientas epistemológicas provenientes de la teoría de la imagen, de la filosofía, de la historia del arte y de los estudios visuales para llevar a cabo la comprensión de la máquina de ver producida por el Renacimiento y sus manifestaciones de pervivencia en el mundo actual.