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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Two-tone suppression for ASR”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 11 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Two-tone suppression for ASR"

Kızıltan, Meral E., Leyla Köse Leba, Ayşegül Gündüz, Nevin Pazarcı, Çiğdem Özkara i Naz Yeni. "Does Valproic Acid/Na Valproate Suppress Auditory Startle Reflex in Patients With Epilepsy?" Clinical EEG and Neuroscience 49, nr 6 (20.12.2017): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550059417747155.

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Background and Objective. Auditory startle response (ASR) was normal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy whereas it was suppressed in progressive myoclonic epilepsy. However, both groups were using valproic acid/Na valproate (VPA) in different doses. Therefore, we aimed to analyze whether VPA has an impact on ASR in a cohort of epilepsy. For this purpose, we included patients with epilepsy and analyzed ASR in patients who were using VPA. Patients and Method. We included 51 consecutive patients who had epilepsy and were using VPA between January 2014 and January 2016. Two control groups of 37 epilepsy patients using other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and of 25 healthy subjects were also constituted. All participants underwent investigations of ASR and startle response to somatosensory inputs (SSS) under similar conditions. Results. An analysis of patients using VPA, not using VPA and healthy subjects revealed significantly longer latency and lower probability of orbicularis oculi (O.oc) and sternocleidomastoid responses after auditory stimulation, decreased total ASR probability and longer latency of O.oc response after somatosensory stimulation in patient groups compared with healthy subjects. Multivariate analysis showed type of AED had a role in the generation of abnormalities. VPA, carbamazepine, and multiple AED use caused suppression of ASR. Total ASR probability was decreased or O.oc latency got longer with longer duration of VPA use whereas serum VPA level at the time of investigation did not correlate with total ASR probability. Discussion. Both ASR and SSS are suppressed by the effect of VPA, especially in patients using for a long period and in patients using other AEDs with VPA. Given the fact that VPA leads to long-standing synaptic changes of dopaminergic transmission, abnormalities of this network may be the more likely cause.

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Balakrishnan, P., i K. Srinivasan. "Pipe jet noise reduction using co-axial swirl pipe". Aeronautical Journal 121, nr 1238 (6.03.2017): 488–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2017.5.

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ABSTRACTThe present experimental work highlights the acoustic far field and flow field characteristics of confined co-axial swirling pipe jets. Co-axial confinements with six vanes at angles of 0°, 20° and 40° are considered here. Two pipe lengths of L/D=0.5 and 2 are studied. The Mach numbers studied range from 0.85 to 1.83. An increase in the pipe length causes suppression of the transonic tones in non-swirl pipe jets. Swirl reduces the low frequency noise components and increases the high-frequency components compared to non-swirl jet. The broadband shock associated noise is mitigated by the swirl pipe jets. However, the screech tone is completely eliminated by the swirl pipe jets. Further, swirl pipe jets radiate low levels of noise at all the emission angles compared to non-swirl pipe jets, for both the pipe length cases at supersonic Mach numbers. Increase in the pipe length enhances the shock associated noise and OASPL for the non-swirl pipe jet. Centreline pitot survey and schlieren visualisation show a reduction in core length, reduction in the number of shock cells, weakening/destruction of the shock cells by the swirl pipe jets compared to the non-swirl pipe jets.

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Kirenskaya, A. V., Z. I. Storozheva, N. B. Bolshakova, V. J. Novototsky-Vlasov i A. A. Tkachenko. "The influence of deviant behavior on inhibitory gating measures in schizophrenic patients". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzec 2011): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72129-0.

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Schizophrenia patients exhibit inhibitory gating deficit in the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle response (ASR) and in the P50 auditory evoked potential suppression.Deviant sexual behavior (DSB) often complicates early clinical identifying of schizophrenic disorder. In this study we assessed the inhibitory gating measures in schizophrenic patients with DSB.Participants (males) were 12 schizophrenic patients with DSB, 14 schizophrenic controls (SC) and 26 healthy controls (HC). DSB was mainly related to disorders of sexual preference. P50 suppression was measured during two runs of 50 click pairs with 500-msec interval. PPI was measured using a series of prepulse-pulse pairs with lead intervals (LI) 60 ms and 120 ms.SC group showed reduced PPI compared to HC. PPI deficit was the most prominent at 60 ms LI, and was right-sided only at 120-ms LI. DSB group demonstrated left-sided reduced PPI at 60 ms LI and left eye ASR latency reduction at 120 ms LI. SC exhibited the highest (0,87), and HC the lowest (0,39) S2/S1 ratio in P50 paradigm; the intermediate value (0,67) was found in DSB patients. In both patient groups S2/S1 ratio significantly (p < 0,001) differed from that in HC. No significant differences were revealed in P50 and PPI measures between patient groups that may be related to high variability in SC group.Left-side PPI deficit in DSB patients is possibly related to right hemisphere disturbances that are inherent to patients with sexual disorders. P50 and PPI measures may be useful to identify schizophrenic disorder in patients with DSB.

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Zoghlami, Novlene, i Zied Lachiri. "Application of Perceptual Filtering Models to Noisy Speech Signals Enhancement". Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/282019.

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This paper describes a new speech enhancement approach using perceptually based noise reduction. The proposed approach is based on the application of two perceptual filtering models to noisy speech signals: the gammatone and the gammachirp filter banks with nonlinear resolution according to the equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB) scale. The perceptual filtering gives a number of subbands that are individually spectral weighted and modified according to two different noise suppression rules. The importance of an accurate noise estimate is related to the reduction of the musical noise artifacts in the processed speech that appears after classic subtractive process. In this context, we use continuous noise estimation algorithms. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on speech signals corrupted by real-world noises. Using objective tests based on the perceptual quality PESQ score and the quality rating of signal distortion (SIG), noise distortion (BAK) and overall quality (OVRL), and subjective test based on the quality rating of automatic speech recognition (ASR), we demonstrate that our speech enhancement approach using filter banks modeling the human auditory system outperforms the conventional spectral modification algorithms to improve quality and intelligibility of the enhanced speech signal.

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Cooper, Nigel P. "Two‐tone suppression in cochlear mechanics". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, nr 5 (maj 1996): 3087–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414795.

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ISHIGAMI, HIROMICHI. "Two tone suppression in sandwich masking. 2." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 29, nr 5 (1986): 645–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.29.645.

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Hegland, Erica L., i Elizabeth A. Strickland. "Modeling temporal effects in two-tone suppression". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 135, nr 4 (kwiecień 2014): 2164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4877030.

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Kates, J. M. "Two-tone suppression in a cochlear model". IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 3, nr 5 (1995): 396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/89.466656.

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Ruggero, M. A., L. Robles i N. C. Rich. "Two-tone suppression in the basilar membrane of the cochlea: mechanical basis of auditory-nerve rate suppression". Journal of Neurophysiology 68, nr 4 (1.10.1992): 1087–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.4.1087.

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1. The vibratory response to two-tone stimuli was measured in the basilar membrane of the chinchilla cochlea by means of the Mossbauer technique or laser velocimetry. Measurements were made at sites with characteristic frequency (CF, the frequency at which an auditory structure is most sensitive) of 7-10 kHz, located approximately 3.5 mm from the oval window. 2. Two-tone suppression (reduction in the response to one tone due to the presence of another) was demonstrated for CF probe tones and suppressor tones with frequencies both higher and lower than CF, at moderately low stimulus levels, including probe-suppressor combinations for which responses to the suppressor were lower than responses to the probe tone alone. 3. For a fixed suppressor tone, suppression magnitude decreased as a function of increasing probe intensity. 4. The magnitude of suppression increased monotonically with suppressor intensity. 5. The rate of growth of suppression magnitude with suppressor intensity was higher for suppressors in the region below CF than for those in the region above CF. 6. For low-frequency suppressor tones, suppression magnitude varied periodically, attaining one or two maxima within each period of the suppressor tone. 7. Suppression was frequency tuned: for either above-CF or below-CF suppressor tones, suppression magnitude reached a maximum for probe frequencies near CF. 8. Cochlear damage or death diminished or abolished suppression. There was a clear positive correlation between magnitude of suppression and basilar-membrane sensitivity for responses to CF tones. 9. Suppression tended to be accompanied by small phase lags in responses to CF probe tones. 10. Because all of the features of two-tone suppression at the basilar membrane match qualitatively (and, generally, also quantitatively) the features of two-tone rate suppression in auditory-nerve fibers, it is concluded that neural two-tone rate suppression originates in mechanical phenomena at the basilar membrane. 11. Because the lability of mechanical suppression parallels the loss of sensitivity and frequency tuning due to outer hair cell dysfunction, the present findings suggest that mechanical two-tone suppression arises from an interaction between the outer hair cells and the basilar membrane.

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Keefe, Douglas H., John C. Ellison, Denis F. Fitzpatrick i Michael P. Gorga. "Two-tone suppression of stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, nr 3 (marzec 2008): 1479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2828209.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Two-tone suppression for ASR"

Haque, Serajul. "Perceptual features for speech recognition". University of Western Australia. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0187.

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Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is one of the most important research areas in the field of speech technology and research. It is also known as the recognition of speech by a machine or, by some artificial intelligence. However, in spite of focused research in this field for the past several decades, robust speech recognition with high reliability has not been achieved as it degrades in presence of speaker variabilities, channel mismatch condi- tions, and in noisy environments. The superb ability of the human auditory system has motivated researchers to include features of human perception in the speech recognition process. This dissertation investigates the roles of perceptual features of human hearing in automatic speech recognition in clean and noisy environments. Methods of simplified synaptic adaptation and two-tone suppression by companding are introduced by temporal processing of speech using a zero-crossing algorithm. It is observed that a high frequency enhancement technique such as synaptic adaptation performs better in stationary Gaussian white noise, whereas a low frequency enhancement technique such as the two-tone sup- pression performs better in non-Gaussian non-stationary noise types. The effects of static compression on ASR parametrization are investigated as observed in the psychoacoustic input/output (I/O) perception curves. A method of frequency dependent asymmetric compression technique, that is, higher compression in the higher frequency regions than the lower frequency regions, is proposed. By asymmetric compression, degradation of the spectral contrast of the low frequency formants due to the added compression is avoided. A novel feature extraction method for ASR based on the auditory processing in the cochlear nucleus is presented. The processings for synchrony detection, average discharge (mean rate) processing and the two tone suppression are segregated and processed separately at the feature extraction level according to the differential processing scheme as observed in the AVCN, PVCN and the DCN, respectively, of the cochlear nucleus. It is further observed that improved ASR performances can be achieved by separating the synchrony detection from the synaptic processing. A time-frequency perceptual spectral subtraction method based on several psychoacoustic properties of human audition is developed and evaluated by an ASR front-end. An auditory masking threshold is determined based on these psychoacoustic e?ects. It is observed that in speech recognition applications, spec- tral subtraction utilizing psychoacoustics may be used for improved performance in noisy conditions. The performance may be further improved if masking of noise by the tonal components is augmented by spectral subtraction in the masked region.

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Jedrzejczak, W. Wiktor, Jacek Smurzynski i KatarzynaJ Blinowska. "Origin of Suppression of Otoacoustic Emissions Evoked by Two-Tone Bursts". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1990.

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Otoacoustic emission (OAE) data recorded for tone bursts presented separately and as a two-tone burst complex, that had been reported previously [Yoshikawa, H., Smurzynski, J., Probst R., 2000. Suppression of tone burst evoked otoacoustic emissions in relation to frequency separation. Hear. Res. 148, 95–106], were re-processed using the method of adaptive approximations by matching pursuit (MP). Two types of stimuli were applied to record tone burst OAEs (TBOAEs): (a) cosine-windowed tone bursts of 5-ms duration with center frequencies of 1, 1.5, 2 and 3kHz, (b) complex stimuli consisting of a digital addition of the 1-kHz tone burst together with either the 1.5-, 2- or 3-kHz tone burst. The MP method allowed decomposition of signals into waveforms of defined frequency, latency, time span, and amplitude. This approach provided a high time–frequency (t–f) resolution and identified patterns of resonance modes that were characteristic for TBOAEs recorded in each individual ear. Individual responses to single-tone bursts were processed off-line to form ‘sum of singles’ responses. The results confirmed linear superposition behavior for a frequency separation of two-tone bursts of 2kHz (the 1-kHz and 3-kHz condition). For the 1, 1.5-kHz condition, the MP results revealed the existence of closely positioned resonance modes associated with responses recorded individually with the stimuli differing in frequency by 500Hz. Then, the differences between t–f distributions calculated for dual (two-tone bursts) and sum-of-singles conditions exhibited mutual suppression of resonance modes common to both stimuli. The degree of attenuation depended on the individual pattern of characteristic resonance modes, i.e., suppression occurred when two resonant modes excited by both stimuli overlapped. It was postulated that the suppression observed in case of dual stimuli with closely-spaced components is due to mutual attenuation of the overlapping resonance modes.

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Smurzynski, Jacek, W. Jedrzejczak i Krzysztof Blinowska. "Suppression in Otoacoustic Emissions Evoked by Closely-spaced Two-tone Burst Stimuli". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2197.

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Gohari, Darabkhani Hamid. "Experimental investigations on sooty flames at elevated pressures". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/experimental-investigations-on-sooty-flames-at-elevated-pressures(36655740-7ea3-4a91-a2ce-4357902fd71b).html.

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This study addresses the influence of elevated pressures, fuel type, fuel flow rate and co-flow air on the flame structure and flickering behaviour of laminar oscillating diffusion flames. Photomultipliers, high speed photography and schlieren, accompanied with digital image processing techniques have been used to study the flame dynamics. Furthermore, the effects of pressure on the flame geometry and two-dimensional soot temperature distribution in a laminar stable diffusion flame have been investigated, utilising narrow band photography and two-colour pyrometry technique in the near infra-red region. This study provides a broad dataset on the diffusion (sooty) flame properties under pressures from atmospheric to 16 bar for three gaseous hydrocarbon fuels (methane, ethylene and propane) in a co-flow burner facility.It has been observed that the flame properties are very sensitive to the fuel type and flow rate at elevated pressures. The cross-sectional area of the stable flame shows an average inverse dependence on pressure to the power of n, where n was found to be 0.8±0.2 for ethylene flame, 0.5±0.1 for methane flame and 0.6±0.1 for propane flame. The height of a flame increases firstly with pressure and then decreases with further increase of pressure. It is observed that the region of stable combustion was markedly reduced as pressure was increased. An ethylene flame flickers with at least three dominant modes, each with corresponding harmonics at elevated pressures. In contrast, methane flames flicker with one dominant frequency and as many as six harmonic modes at elevated pressures. The increase in fuel flow rate was observed to increase the magnitude of oscillation. The flickering frequency, however, remains almost constant at each pressure. The dominant flickering frequency of a methane diffusion flame shows a power-law dependence on chamber pressure.It has been observed that the flame dynamics and stability are also strongly affected by the co-flow air velocity. When the co-flow velocity reached a certain value, the buoyancy driven flame oscillation was completely suppressed. The schlieren imaging has revealed that the co-flow of air is able to push the initiation point of outer toroidal vortices beyond the visible flame to create a very stable flame. The oscillation frequency was observed to increase linearly with the air co-flow rate. The soot temperature results obtained by applying the two-colour method in the near infra-red region shows that in diffusion flames the overall temperatures decrease with increasing pressure. It is shown that the rate of temperature drop is greater for a pressure increase at lower pressures in comparison with higher pressures.

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Książki na temat "Two-tone suppression for ASR"

Notley, Margaret. "Taken by the Devil". Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069865.001.0001.

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The book takes censorship as an entry point into Berg’s Lulu. Beginning in 1894 with the suppression of the Ur-Lulu, Wedekind’s original play, responses to acts of censorship played a role in ultimately determining the opera’s shape and tone. When Wedekind rewrote material from the Ur-Lulu as two supposedly self-sufficient plays, Erdgeist and Die Büchse der Pandora, he responded in different ways to the threat of further censorship. The resulting discrepancies between the later plays, second order consequences of censorship, created obstacles to the joining of them that Berg and other dramaturges, beginning with Wedekind himself, would undertake. Berg worked to overcome the second order consequences by composing intricate leitmotivic connections between the opera’s halves, each based on one of the plays. Recognizing fundamental differences between the plays, this book seeks to recover some of the nuances in the plays and Berg’s treatment of them that have been obscured by assumptions of their unity. It also considers the contradiction between dramatic material that many spectators find sordid and the beauty of much of the music, in particular three musical passages that make a Liebestod effect, and traces this to differences between Wedekind and Berg. The artistic stance known as fin-de-siècle decadence was responsible for deliberately offensive features of the Ur-Lulu. Berg associated the Lulu character with the beauty of major-minor tonality, a musical system over-ripe and in that sense decadent at the turn of the century, in that way enabling a problematic symbolic reading of the also problematic misogynistic material.

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Forster, Chris. Very Serious Books. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190840860.003.0005.

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This chapter draws on the records of the British Home Office to reconsider the censorship of two novels by women in the late 1920s: Radclyffe Hall’s The Well of Loneliness and the Norah James’s less well-known Sleeveless Errand. It argues that the suppression of these novels was a function of the way they were positioned and received as “serious” works, capable of effecting social change. The chapter argues that specific circumstances in the late 1920s also shaped the perception of the novels. A perception that World War I had radically imbalanced the British population by creating two million "surplus women" created an context where representations of women's sexuality were perceived as especially dangerous. Hall’s representation in The Well of Loneliness of the book as a medium with authority and social agency made both novels seem especially dangerous in this context, and thus, in the eyes of the Home Office, worthy of suppression.

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Eifring, Halvor. Spontaneous Thought in Contemplative Traditions. Redaktorzy Kalina Christoff i Kieran C. R. Fox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464745.013.30.

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For more than two millennia, contemplative traditions across the Eurasian continent have seen spontaneous thought as a distraction that binds the devout to the phenomenal world, clogs the gateway to fundamental aspects of reality, and is used by demons to tempt the pious away from their prayer or meditation. At the same time, many traditions have believed the fruits of contemplative practice to come about spontaneously, rather than as a result of deliberate effort, and they have treated certain aspects of spontaneous thought as helping the process forward. Various traditions have recommended different approaches to spontaneous thought, including active suppression, mindful observation, harmonious regulation, reluctant or wholehearted acceptance, and either gently or forcefully turning one’s attention to the object of meditation or prayer. Specific antidotes have included the recital of sacred texts or mantras, as well as the performance of good deeds, ascetic exercises, or rituals of repentance and confession.

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Oakley, Warren. Thomas 'Jupiter' Harris. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526129123.001.0001.

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This is the first biography of Thomas Harris (1738-1820). Until now, little has been known about his life. He was most visible as the man who controlled Covent Garden theatre for nearly five decades, one of only two venues in London allowed by law to perform spoken drama. Harris presided over one of the most eventful periods in the history of the English stage; uncovering his involvement provides new perspectives upon landmark events in London’s history. But this career was only one of many: he became the confidant of George III, a philanthropist, sexual suspect, and a brothel owner in the underworld of Covent Garden. While deeply involved in Pitt the younger’s government, Harris worked as a ‘spin doctor’ to control the release of government news. Only through understanding his career is it possible to appreciate fully the suppression of radicalism in the period. As novelists created elaborate storylines with fictional intriguers lurking in the shadows, Harris was the real thing. Harris’s career intersects many of the hidden worlds of the eighteenth century including the art of theatre and theatre management, the activities of the Secret Service, radical protest, and sexual indulgence. This narrative of detection brings together a hoard of newly discovered manuscripts to construct his numerous lives.

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Neyrinck, Arne P., Patrick Ferdinande, Dirk Van Raemdonck i Marc Van de Velde. Donor organ management. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0034.

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Organ transplantation is the standard treatment modality for end-stage organ disease in selected cases. Two types of potential organ donors can be identified: the brain-dead ‘heart-beating donors’, referred to as DBD (donation after brain death), and the warm ischaemic ‘non-heart-beating donors’, referred to as DCD (donation after circulatory death). Brain death induces several physiological changes in the DBD donor. An autonomic storm is characterized by massive catecholamine release, followed by autonomic depletion during a vasoplegic phase. This is associated with several hormonal changes (suppression of vasopressin, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis) and an inflammatory response. These physiological changes form the basis of organ donor management, including cardiovascular stabilization and hormonal therapy (including vasopressin and analogues, thyroid hormone, and cortisol). Donor management is the continuation of critical care, with a shift towards individual organ stabilization. An aggressive approach to maximize organ yield is recommended; however, many treatment strategies need further investigation in large randomized trials. DCD donors have now evolved as a valid alternative to increase the potential donor pool and challenge the clinician with new questions. Optimal donor comfort therapy and end-of-life care are important to minimize the agonal phase. A strict approach towards the determination of death, based on cardiorespiratory criteria, is prerequisite. Novel strategies have been developed, using ex situ organ perfusion as a tool, to evaluate and recondition donor organs. They might become more important in the future to further optimize organ quality.

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Urbansky, Sören. Beyond the Steppe Frontier. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691181684.001.0001.

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The Sino-Russian border, once the world's longest land border, has received scant attention in histories about the margins of empires. This book rectifies this by exploring the demarcation's remarkable transformation—from a vaguely marked frontier in the seventeenth century to its twentieth-century incarnation as a tightly patrolled barrier girded by watchtowers, barbed wire, and border guards. The book explores the daily life of communities and their entanglements with transnational and global flows of people, commodities, and ideas. It challenges top-down interpretations by stressing the significance of the local population in supporting, and undermining, border making. Because Russian, Chinese, and native worlds are intricately interwoven, national separations largely remained invisible at the border between the two largest Eurasian empires. This overlapping and mingling came to an end only when the border gained geopolitical significance during the twentieth century. The book demonstrates how states succeeded in suppressing traditional borderland cultures by cutting kin, cultural, economic, and religious connections across the state perimeter, through laws, physical force, deportation, reeducation, forced assimilation, and propaganda. It sheds critical new light on a pivotal geographical periphery and expands our understanding of how borders are determined.

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Monopoli, Paula A. Constitutional Orphan. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190092795.001.0001.

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This book explores the role of former suffragists in the constitutional development of the Nineteenth Amendment, during the decade following its ratification in 1920. It examines the pivot to new missions, immediately after ratification, by two national suffrage organizations, the National Woman’s Party (NWP) and the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). The NWP turned from suffrage to a federal equal rights amendment. NAWSA became the National League of Women Voters (NLWV), and turned to voter education and social welfare legislation. The book connects that pivot by both groups, to the emergence of a “thin” conception of the Nineteenth Amendment, as a matter of constitutional interpretation. It surfaces the history around the congressional failure to enact enforcement legislation, pursuant to the Nineteenth Amendment, and connects that with the NWP’s perceived need for southern congressional votes for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). It also explores the choice to turn away from African American women suffragists asking for help to combat voter suppression efforts, after the November 1920 presidential election. And it evaluates the deep divisions among NWP members, some of whom were social feminists who opposed the ERA; and the NLWV, which supported the social feminists in that opposition. The book also analyzes how state courts, left without federal enforcement legislation to constrain or guide them, used strict construction to cabin the emergence of a more robust interpretation of the Nineteenth Amendment. It concludes with an examination of new legal scholarship, which suggests broader ways in which the Nineteenth Amendment could be used today to expand gender equality.

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Waltham-Smith, Naomi. Music and Belonging Between Revolution and Restoration. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662004.001.0001.

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In what ways is music implicated in the politics of belonging? How is the proper at stake in listening? What role does the ear play in forming a sense of community? Music and Belonging argues that music, at the level of style and form, produces certain modes of listening that in turn reveal the conditions of belonging. Specifically, listening shows the intimacy between two senses of belonging: belonging to a community is predicated on the possession of a particular property or capacity. Somewhat counterintuitively perhaps, Waltham-Smith suggests that this relation between belonging-as-membership and belonging-as-ownership manifests itself with particular clarity and rigor at the very heart of the Austro-German canon, in the instrumental music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Music and Belonging provocatively brings recent European philosophy into contact with the renewed music-theoretical interest in Formenlehre, presenting close analyses to show how we might return to this much-discussed repertoire to mine it for fresh insights. The book’s theoretical landscape offers a radical update to Adornian-inspired scholarship, working through debates about relationality, community, and friendship between Derrida, Nancy, Agamben, Badiou, and Malabou. Borrowing the deconstructive strategies of closely reading canonical texts to the point of their unraveling, the book teases out a new politics of listening from processes of repetition and liquidation, from harmonic suppressions, and even from trills. What emerges is the enduring political significance of listening to this music in an era of heightened social exclusion under neoliberalism.

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Maeseele, Pieter, i Yves Pepermans. Ideology in Climate Change Communication. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.578.

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The idea of climate change inspires and reinforces disagreements at all levels of society. Climate change’s integration into public life suggests that there is no evident way of framing and tackling the phenomenon. This brings forward important questions regarding the role of ideology in mediated public discourse on climate change. The existing research literature shows that five ideological filters need to be taken into account to understand the myriad ways in which ideology plays a role in the production, representation, and reception of climate change in (news and entertainment) media: (i) economic factors, (ii) journalistic norms, (iii) political context, (iv) ideological cultures, and (v) citizen decoding. Furthermore, two different interpretations of how ideology precisely serves as a filter of social reality underlie this literature: an interpretation of ideology as an independent variable, on the one hand, and as a constitutive practice, on the other. Moreover, these interpretations underlie a broader discussion in the social sciences on the relation between climate change and ideology and how scholars and activists should deal with it. By considering climate change as a post-ideological issue, a first perspective problematizes the politicization of climate change and calls for its depoliticization to foster consensus and public engagement. In response, a second perspective takes aim against the post-politicization and post-democratization of climate change (resulting from the adoption of the first perspective) for suppressing the role of ideology and, as a result, for stifling democratic debate and citizenship with regard to the climate issue. This latter perspective is in need of further exploration in future research, especially with regard to the concepts of ideological fault lines, ideological hegemony, and ideological strategies.

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Części książek na temat "Two-tone suppression for ASR"

Nitsch, J., N. Korovkin i E. Solovyeva. "Suppression of Two-Tone Disturbances in Nonlinear Circuits". W Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7, 188–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-37731-5_22.

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Yates, G. K., C. D. Geisler, R. B. Patuzzi i B. M. Johnstone. "Saturation of Receptor Currents Accounts for Two-Tone Suppression". W Cochlear Mechanisms: Structure, Function, and Models, 177–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5640-0_22.

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Hill, K. G., i A. R. Palmer. "Two-Tone Rate Suppression in Auditory Nerve Fibres: Time Course of Suppression and Excitation in Peristimulus Time Histograms". W Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 132–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4341-8_16.

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Guinan, John J. "Changes in Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions Produced by Two-Tone Suppression and Efferent Stimulation in Cats". W Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 170–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4341-8_21.

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Han, Suk-Jung. "The Suppression and Recall of Colonial Memory: Manchukuo and the Cold War in the Two Koreas". W Mass Dictatorship and Memory as Ever Present Past, 165–79. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137289834_8.

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"Suppression of ASR due to electrochemical supply of lithium from DFRCC anode system". W Concrete Under Severe Conditions, Two Volume Set, 1199–206. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b11817-162.

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Ueda, T., T. Kameda, T. Maeda i A. Nanasawa. "Suppression of ASR due to electrochemical supply of lithium from DFRCC anode system". W Concrete Under Severe Conditions, Two Volume Set, 1229–36. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10552-163.

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Weiss, Jonathan A., Priscilla Burnham Riosa, Carla A. Mazefsky i Renae Beaumont. "Emotion Regulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder". W Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents, redaktorzy Cecilia A. Essau, Sara Leblanc i Thomas H. Ollendick, 235–58. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198765844.003.0012.

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Chapter 12 discusses childhood and adolescent autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication, and by restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Emotion regulation difficulty, particularly understanding emotion, is common in ASD, as is the use of maladaptive regulatory strategies (i.e., avoidance, expressive suppression). In terms of treatment, robust empirical evidence supports using mindfulness and cognitive behavioral approaches in treating anxiety, a frequent outcome of emotion dysregulation in youth ASD. In addition, two psychopharmacologic medications, risperidone and ariprazole, have well-established evidence supporting their utility in this population. Understanding the underlying dynamics of emotion regulation through ASD from a developmental perspective, whilst considering the stressors unique to this population, is imperative in order to improve treatment outcomes and optimize individualized skill development. The chapter concludes with a description of a novel intervention designed to specifically address emotion regulation difficulties in children with ASD.

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Magee, Patrick, i Mark Tooley. "Monitoring Depth of Anaesthesia". W The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0023.

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There are, and have been, many monitors designed to monitor depth of anaesthesia and to give an indication of awareness during surgery, which use electrical signals obtained from the human body. Some have been designed as just research devices, some have been available commercially, but have been withdrawn, and some are still available. Most, but not all, are based on the spontaneous EEG and the AER. Some have been designed to use properties of the ECG. Although useful, all of the discussed monitors have some shortcomings, and not all are 100% sensitive and specific to discriminate between consciousness and unconsciousness, and none correlate exactly with clinical states and levels of anaesthesia. The design of the commercial monitor, the Cerebral Function Monitor (CFM) was based on simple time domain measures already discussed [Maynard et al. 1969]. The CFM took the EEG from a single pair of parietal electrodes. The signal was amplified and passed through a band-pass filter and differentiator, which had the effect of accentuating the gain of the higher end of the 2–15 Hz pass band. The output of this specialised filter was integrated to produce a voltage output, which varied with time. It was plotted on a logarithmic scale. The trace on the paper gave an indication of the power of the EEG and the width of the line gave an indication of the signal’s variability. A schematic of an example of a CFM trace is shown in Figure 19.1(a). The CFM although useful did have its problems [Sechzer 1977]. When used to monitor depth of anaesthesia, the machine was shown to be unreliable, especially when using inhalational agents. The response is biphasic, as has already been discussed in chapter 18. Also burst suppression, as already discussed, is smoothed out by the action of the filtering in the CFM, so effectively the burst suppression can artificially elevate the readings producing a paradoxical rise in cerebral function [Sinha 2007] The machine was further developed into the Cerebral Function Analysing Monitor (CFAM)[Maynard 1984]. This machine produced two chart recorder outputs, as shown in Figure 19.1. There was a chart similar to the CFM trace, and also a chart that produced frequency domain data consisting of the EEG displayed as traditional EEG frequency bands.

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Ansmann, Albert. "Molecular-Backscatter Lidar Profiling of the Volume-Scattering Coefficient in Cirrus". W Cirrus. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195130720.003.0013.

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Backscatter and polarization lidars have already been used extensively to investigate ice clouds (see chapters 2 and 10). A severe limitation is that trustworthy values of the volume-scattering coefficient, one of the most important parameters in the description of the impact of cirrus on climate, cannot be derived from data taken with these lidars. Even the retrieved cirrus backscatter-coefficient profile is often questionable. A discussion of achievements and limitations of the lidar method can be found in the literature (e.g., Fernald et al. 1972; Klett 1981; Fernald 1984; Klett 1985; Sasano et al. 1985; Bissonnette 1986; Ansmann et al. 1992b; Kovalev 1995). The procedure, with all its subsequent modifications and improvements, suffers from the fact that two physical quantities, the particle backscatter coefficient and the particle extinction coefficient, must be determined from only one lidar signal. The uncertainties in the estimated optical parameters are especially large in cirrus, in which the relationship between particle extinction and backscattering can vary strongly in space and time. The situation improved significantly when the first molecular (Raman)-backscatter lidar experiments demonstrated that accurate extinction profiling throughout the entire troposphere is possible (Ansmann et al. 1990, 1992b). After the Pinatubo eruption, it was shown that even at stratospheric heights profiles of the volume-scattering coefficient can easily be obtained with a Raman lidar (Ansmann et al. 1991, 1993a, 1997; Ferrare et al. 1992; Gross et al. 1995; Donavan und Carswell 1997). Two types of molecular-backscatter lidars for extinction measurements are available. The Raman lidar measures lidar return signals elastically backscattered by air molecules and particles and inelastically (Raman) backscattered by nitrogen and/or oxygen molecules (Cooney et al. 1969; Melfi 1972; Ansmann et al. 1992a; Whiteman et al. 1992; Reichardt et al. 1996). Interference-filter polychromators and double-grating monochromators (Arshinov et al. 1983; Wandinger et al. 1998) are used to separate the aerosol signal from the vibrational-rotational or pure rotational Raman signals, to reduce the sky background radiation, and, for the Raman channels, to block the strong elastic-backscatter radiation at the laser wavelength. The suppression has to be better than 10-8. The second type of a molecular-backscatter lidar is the High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL).

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Two-tone suppression for ASR"

Murakami, Yasuki, i Shunsuke Ishimitsu. "Modeling two-tone suppression and distortion product on basilar membrane". W MECHANICS OF HEARING: PROTEIN TO PERCEPTION: Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on the Mechanics of Hearing. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4939419.

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Boopathi sabareesh, V., K. Srinivasan i T. Sundararajan. "Screech Tone Suppression in Non Circular Twin Jet". W ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30472.

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The acoustic characteristics of twin jet screech tone is studied for various jet configurations such as both square and diamond. The measurement is carried out along the jet direction for various angles at two different planes using a microphone and the jet flow visualization is done by the shadowgraph technique. It is observed that the screech tone suppression is taken place for diamond jet configuration for the small jet spacing S = 0.5. By comparing the directivity pattern of twin jets with single jet, it is found that the twin jet behave as a single jet at higher nozzle pressure ratio.

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Seki, Kazuki, Yuya Yamaguchi, Atsushi Kanno, Tetsuya Kawanishi, Masayuki Izutsu i Hirochika Nakajima. "Suppression of third-order harmonics in two-tone signals using cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators". W 2014 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) jointly held with the 2014 9th Asia-Pacific Microwave Photonics Conference (APMP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwp.2014.6994517.

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LEPAGE, E. L., N. M. MURRAY i J. D. SEYMOUR. "NOVEL OTOACOUSTIC BASELINE MEASUREMENT OF TWO-TONE SUPPRESSION BEHAVIOUR FROM HUMAN EAR-CANAL PRESSURE". W Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773456_0021.

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ALLEN, J. B., i D. SEN. "THE ROLE OF MICROMECHANICS IN EXPLAINING TWO-TONE SUPPRESSION AND THE UPWARD SPREAD OF MASKING". W Proceedings of the International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704931_0052.

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ALLEN, JONT B., i DEEP SEN. "IS TECTORIAL MEMBRANE FILTERING REQUIRED TO EXPLAIN TWO TONE SUPPRESSION AND THE UPWARD SPREAD OF MASKING?" W Proceedings of the International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793980_0020.

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Zhang, Jinye, i Thomas E. Darcie. "Two-Tone Analysis of Distortion Suppression in Microwave-Photonic Links Using Phase Modulation and Fiber-Bragg Grating Filters". W 2007 International Symposium on Signals, Systems and Electronics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issse.2007.4294553.

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Shawkat, Mohamed E., Chan Y. Ching i Mamdouh Shoukri. "Liquid Turbulence Spectra in Two-Phase Bubbly Flow Under Turbulence Augmentation and Suppression Conditions". W ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98335.

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An experimental investigation was performed in air-water bubbly flow to study the liquid turbulence spectra in a 200mm diameter vertical pipe. A dual optical probe was used to measure the local void fraction and bubble diameter while the liquid velocities were measured using hot-film anemometry. Experiments were performed at two liquid superficial velocities of 0.2 and 0.68m/s for gas superficial velocities in the range of 0 to 0.18m/s. Generally, as the void fraction increases there is a turbulence augmentation. However, a turbulence suppression was observed near the pipe wall at the higher liquid flow rate for low void fraction. In the augmentation case, the turbulence spectra showed a significant increase in the energy at the wave number range comparable to the bubble diameter. In the suppression case, the spectra showed that suppression initially occurs at the low wave number range and then extends to higher wave numbers as suppression increased.

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Ishida, Masahiro, Daisaku Sakaguchi i Hironobu Ueki. "Effect of Pre-Whirl on Unstable Flow Suppression in a Centrifugal Impeller With Ring Groove Arrangement". W ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90400.

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In order to obtain a wider operating range in a centrifugal impeller with inducer, the effect of the pre-whirl induced by the inlet recirculation flow on the flow incidence and the impeller characteristics were analyzed numerically and compared with the experimental results. In order to control the swirl intensity of the recirculation flow, guide vanes were installed circumferentially in the annular bypass of the ring groove arrangement, and the setting angle of the guide vane was changed. The fundamental concept for surge suppression is to achieve the flow incidence less than or close to the critical one. A too large-positive flow incidence can be reduced by increasing the recirculation flow rate determined by the pressure difference between the two ring groove positions, on the other hand, a higher pressure rise in the inducer can be obtained at the flow incidence close to the critical one by suppressing the pre-whirl induced by the recirculation flow. It is clearly shown that the better impeller characteristics and the large recirculation flow rate can be achieved by giving a suitable setting angle of the guide vane. The unstable flow rate range of the tested impeller was reduced by about 53% almost without deterioration of the impeller efficiency in the whole flow rate range.

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Vo, Huu Duc. "Suppression of Short Length-Scale Rotating Stall Inception With Glow Discharge Actuation". W ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27673.

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This paper proposes and investigates the pioneering use of glow discharge (plasma) actuation to suppress short length-scale (spike) rotating stall inception. A single dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator basically consists of two parallel offset thin electrodes separated by a dielectric material. The application of a high frequency AC voltage across the electrodes results in an induced body force on the flow adjacent to the surface. This simple, robust actuator may provide a practical low-power mean to positively alter the tip clearance flow dynamics responsible for spike stall inception. A computational study is carried out on a low-speed compressor rotor with the implementation of a published plasma actuation model in an established turbomachinery CFD code. The objective is to provide a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of a casing circumferential plasma actuator, with varying actuator location, input voltage and frequency, in suppressing the two flow criteria associated with the formation of spike disturbances leading to stall. Results show that plasma actuation most effectively suppresses both of these flow criteria when placed near the rotor leading edge and delays the predicted stall point to a lower flow coefficient with minimal power input. The simulations also indicate that the effectiveness of the actuation decreases non-linearly with input voltage and frequency. In addition, results indicate that this technology could perhaps be used for suppression of both short and long-length scale stall inception in axial compressors.

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