Książki: „Two stage selection”

1

Axel, Zimmermann, Müller Hans-Joachim 1947- i Galerie von Braunbehrens (Munich, Germany), red. Xenia Hausner: Two. München: Galerie von Braunbehrens, 2007.

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National Joint Consultative Committee for Building. Code of procedure for two stage selective tendering. London: RIBA Publications for the NJCC, 1996.

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National Joint Consultative Committee for Building. Code of procedure for two stage selective tendering. London: RIBA, 1994.

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Cicero, Marcus Tullius. De re publica: Selections. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Selection process for trade study: Reusable hydrogen composite tank system (RHCTS). [Downey, Calif.]: Rockwell Aerospace, Space Systems Division, 1994.

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Christensen, John O. State aid to libraries in the 1980's: A selective bibliography. Monticello, Ill: Vance Bibliographies, 1990.

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Patrick, Olivelle, i McClish Mark, red. The Arthasástra: Selections from the classic Indian work on statecraft. Indianapolis, Ind: Hackett Pub. Co., 2012.

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Plutarch. Selections from Plutarch's Lives. St. Petersburg, Fla: Red and Black Publishers, 2009.

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Machiavelli, Niccolò. Machiavelli: The Prince, selections from The Discourses and other writings. London: Fontana/Collins, 1989.

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Sheehan, John. Higher education: The case for selective measures. Dublin: Department of Political Economy, UCD, 1987.

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Plutarch. Roman lives: A selection of eight lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

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Plutarch. Roman lives: A selection of eight lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

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Plutarch. Roman lives: A selection of eight Roman lives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

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Chʻŏl-gu, Min, red. Kichʻo yŏnʼgu yesan tʻuja punsŏk mit chŏkchŏng kyumo sanchʻul pangan =: A study on the estimation and relevant ratio selection of the government basic research budget in Korea. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Kwahak Kisul Chŏngchʻaek Kwalli Yŏnʼguso, 1999.

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United States. General Accounting Office. RCED., red. Federal Research: Information on the Advanced Technology Program's award selection. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1999.

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United States. General Accounting Office. RCED., red. Federal Research: Information on the Advanced Technology Program's award selection. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1999.

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United States. General Accounting Office. RCED, red. Federal Research: Information on the Advanced Technology Program's award selection. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1999.

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Nagarjuna, Siddha. Nāgārjuna's guide to the Bodhisattva path: Ārya Nāgārjuna's Treatise on the provisions for enlightenment (Bodhisaṃbhāra śāstra) : with a selective abridgement of Bhikshu Vaśitva's early Indian Bodhisaṃbhāra śāstra commentary. Seattle, WA: Kalavinka Press, 2009.

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Wolfgang, Benz, red. Selbstbehauptung und Opposition: Kirche als Ort des Widerstandes gegen staatliche Diktatur. Berlin: Metropol, 2003.

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Philip, Issawi Charles, red. An Arab philosophy of history: Selections from the Prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332-1406). Princeton, NJ, USA: Darwin Press, 1987.

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Office, General Accounting. Transportation infrastructure: Review of project selection process for five FHWA discretionary programs : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1997.

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Norbert, Lammert, red. Alles nur Theater?: Beiträge zur Debatte über Kulturstaat und Bürgergesellschaft. Köln: DuMont, 2004.

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Fridman, Yuriy, i Aleksandr Korzhenevich. Learning to solve problems in physics: preparing for the Unified State Exam. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/995926.

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If you are holding this textbook in your hands, it means that you understand the need to solve problems when studying a physics course at school. Indeed, it is difficult to overestimate the effect that the solution of problems in the study of physics gives. The textbook contains about 800 problems for the high school physics course. The tasks are based on the examination materials of various universities, including the Republic of Crimea, data from the magazines "Kvant", "Physics at School", information received from correspondence physics and mathematics schools of the Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University). We also used the problem books that were released in various years to help those entering universities. The number of problems and their selection are not random and allow, according to the compilers, to demonstrate the types of problems that are often found in the high school physics course, the most rational methods, general approaches and ideas for solving them, and also help to acquire certain skills in solving problems. Can be useful for use in secondary schools when working with students for whom physics is of interest, optional, if you prepare for the entrance exams for physics, a specialized school with advanced study of physics, as well as anyone who wants to learn how to solve problems in physics.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal research: Information on site selection process for DOE's super collider : briefing report to congressional requesters. Washington, DC: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1989.

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Kelleter, Frank, i Alexander Starre, red. Culture^2. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839457870.

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How to do cultural studies in the twenty-first century? This essay collection is not a handbook, encyclopedia, or a »state of the field« compendium. Instead, it is a reflexive exercise in cultural studies, featuring fifteen accessible essays on a selection of critical key works published since 2000. The contributors aim to provide readers with a fresh and engaging look at recent criticism, exploring the interdisciplinary traffic of theories, methods, and ideas within the field of cultural and literary studies. This book shows how the work of Lauren Berlant, Rita Felski, Fred Moten, Anna Tsing, and others can inspire new thinking and theorizing for the twenty-first century.

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Pashkevich, Aleksandr. Fundamentals of pedagogical technology design. The relationship between theory and practice. Wyd. 4. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/01864-4.

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The educational and methodological manual reflects the theoretical aspects of the basics of designing innovative pedagogical technologies. The article presents the practice of designing author's pedagogical technologies, selection criteria, creation algorithm and ways of designing new pedagogical technologies. As an example, the methodological support of the technology for the implementation of the system-activity approach in the educational process of the school, created taking into account the federal state educational standards of general education, the professional standard "Teacher", the national system of teacher growth and within the framework of the national project "Education", is presented. It is addressed to the administration of educational institutions, teachers, and all those interested in the design of educational technologies.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal research: Final site selection process for DOE's super collider : briefing report to the Honorable Dennis DeConcini, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1989.

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Barinov, Vladimir. The recovery strategy of the competitiveness of domestic aerospace industry. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19037.

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Issues of improving the management of the sector to restore competitiveness in three areas: the market, the financing system, the choice of projects of scientific and technological development. On the basis of the results of market research identified in terms of growth and shows promising directions of development domestic rocket and space industry. The developed model financial software industry, where a basis is state - private partnership. with an effective system of control by the investor. Criteria and methods to streamline the procedure for the selection of projects of scientific and technological development. Formulated the mechanism and conceptual basis of improving the economic mechanisms of the development of the RCP including the management of processes of commercialization of developments in the field.

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Sassine, Youssef Najib, red. Mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620414.0000.

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Abstract This book, which is selected in nature to Agaricus bisporus, presents fundamental guidelines for mushroom production together with the advances in research in this field. The first chapter presents the history of button mushroom cultivation, mushroom classification, distribution, and nutritional and medicinal value. The methods of composting for substrate preparation, their basics, application, and innovation are discussed in Chapter 2. The basic principles and methods to improve compost quality are shown in the third chapter. Moving to the fourth chapter, the genetics, breeding approaches, and selection of new mushroom strains are discussed in detail. Chapter 5 addresses the stages of casing and cropping by focusing on the tools and methods to optimize production during these stages. Chapter 6 details the management of pests and control of diseases at a mushroom farm, with a special focus on the ideal farm design to avoid the spread of infesting agents. The last chapter of the book shows the advances in harvest and postharvest technologies, applied to maximize the postharvest benefits from button mushroom cultivation.

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Len'kov, Roman. Social forecasting and planning. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1058988.

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The tutorial describes the preconditions of sociopragmatics research in Russia on the background of evolutionary processes of social prognostics of the twentieth century. Considered the essential characteristics of social forecasting, its subject and range of issues. Based on analysis of classification schemes methods of scientific forecasting offers the author's approach to classification of methods of social forecasting. Special attention is paid to the description of the characteristics, the specific application and selection procedure of the ways of making social predictions. Theoretical and applied analysis of the foundations of social design, the direction of its implementation and research methods used for it. The conceptual basis of design in education on the example of the educational process in the University. Given the model structure, rationale and testing of design solutions. The third edition of the book is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the State University of management. Meets the current requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education. For students of higher educational institutions, students of humanitarian directions and specialities.

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31

Koslowski, Rey. Shifts in Selective Migration Policy Models. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815273.003.0006.

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Selective migration policies can be grouped into three ideal-typical models: the Canadian ‘human capital’ model based on state selection of permanent immigrants using a points system; the Australian ‘neo-corporatist’ model based on state selection using a points system with extensive business and labour participation; and the market-oriented, demand-driven model based primarily on employer selection of migrants, as practised by the US. This chapter compares the selective migration polices of the three countries in terms of policy outcomes measured by varying metrics, examines policy implementation that diverges from the models, and explores a trend in all three countries towards recruiting foreign students to become immigrants. It finds that Canadian and Australian practices are shifting towards the US demand-driven model as employers rather than government officials are selecting increasing percentages of permanent immigrants from pools of temporary foreign workers and foreign students already in Canada and Australia rather than from abroad.

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Ruse, Michael. Two Visions of War. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867577.003.0003.

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Jesus apparently proscribed violence, which meant that—as was understood by early Christians—war is prohibited. As Christianity became the state religion, by focusing on our innate unhappy nature—“original sin”—Augustine devised “just war theory,” legitimizing the Christian use of war and specifying the conditions under which it could be fought. Augustinian philosophy influenced Anglican theology, although, by the nineteenth century, thinking about war was fashioned more to the needs of empire building. Darwin discussed war in detail in the Descent, in respects accepting Augustinian thinking about our original violent nature, but putting this in the context of natural selection making for a progressive climb to humankind. Unlike the Christian who thinks that war will be with us always, Darwin envisioned a war-free future.

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Griffin, Beth Ann, Daniel McCaffrey, Lane Burgette, Matthew Cefalu, Brian Vegetabile, Joseph Pane i Donna Coffman. State-of-the-Art Strategies for Addressing Selection Bias When Comparing Two or More Treatment Groups. RAND Corporation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/cf421.

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Fair, Alistair. ‘The Second Positive Stage’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807476.003.0005.

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This chapter acknowledges the emergence within Britain of ‘brutalism’ during the late 1950s as a kind of architectural style that prized material and structural honesty, but argues that there may be more productive ways in which to consider new theatres of the 1960s. The chapter demonstrates how a selection of these theatres might be understood in terms of their contribution to broader debates about the nature of public architecture and the development of modernism. Examples considered include theatres by Basil Spence, as well as the Nottingham Playhouse, the National Theatre, the Young Vic in London, and the Crucible in Sheffield.

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Ott, Walter. Later Descartes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791713.003.0005.

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Descartes’s third model of perception is stated in the sixth Replies. This chapter explores the three ‘grades of sensory perception’ and argues that, for the first and only time in his career, Descartes here claims that we must use our awareness of color to judge the common sensibles. Descartes’s final model abandons this claim. Instead, his later works posit a purely causal explanation for the occurrence of sensations and ideas. It is still up to the mind to ‘refer’ these things to objects in the subject’s environment. This chapter concludes with an argument from Nicolas Malebranche that makes all four stages problematic. According to this ‘selection argument,’ there is no way for the mind to know which of its ideas or sensations it should summon (stage one), nor is there any way to know which object should be paired with which idea or sensation (stages two, three, and four).

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Selection process for trade study: Graphite composite primary structure (GCPS). [Downey, Calif.]: Rockwell Aerospace, Space Systems Division, 1994.

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Thomas, Bernadette A., i Christopher R. Blagg. Patient selection when resources are limited. Redaktor David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0147_update_001.

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More than 50 years ago, outpatient care for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) became possible through the invention of the Scribner shunt. Since that time, renal replacement therapy (RRT) has expanded to include haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and renal transplantation. There has been tremendous global growth in the number of patients with access to RRT for ESRD, but many societies face difficult triage decisions for these costly modalities similar to those faced by the pioneers of outpatient dialysis in the early 1960s. Developed and developing societies will face the complex challenges of addressing the costly needs of an ESRD population that is projected to rise rapidly secondary to population ageing, as well as the increased burden of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The history of outpatient RRT is outlined and trends in RRT growth throughout the world noted. The ethical considerations with which both developed and developing societies will have to contend to address the growing global burden of ESRD are discussed.

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Thuraisingham, Raj, i Cormac Breen. Modality selection for renal replacement therapy. Redaktor David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0141.

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The choice of treatment for end-stage kidney disease is an important one for patients. Ideally this should happen as a coordinated process over a period of time, supported by education and individualized treatment planning discussions to assist the patient in making an informed choice about their treatment. In this setting, patients suitable for transplantation may select this treatment modality and potentially, especially if there is a living kidney donor, be transplanted before the need for dialysis. Other patients may choose between dialysis modalities, between home and in-centre treatment, or in some cases between active dialysis treatment and conservative kidney care. A smaller proportion of patients may present with the urgent need to start dialysis, the crash-lander pathway. In this situation initial treatment planning and choice is more limited, treatment is more often determined by institutional practice, and treatment choice and formation of definitive dialysis access are achieved at a later date.

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Kilcullen, David. The Dragons and the Snakes. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265687.001.0001.

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This book applies concepts from evolutionary science and military innovation to explore how state and nonstate adversaries of the Western powers have learned to defeat (or render irrelevant) the model of high-tech, expensive, precision warfare pioneered by the United States in 1991 and globally dominant since. The book begins with a historical overview of the period since the Cold War, framed by CIA Director James Woolsey’s 1993 comment that “we have slain a large dragon” (the Soviet Union) “but now we find ourselves in a jungle filled with a bewildering variety of poisonous snakes, and in many ways the dragon was easier to keep track of.” The book describes the selective pressures acting on adversaries as a result of the evolutionary fitness landscape created by western military dominance. It then explores ideas from social and evolutionary science—including social learning, natural selection, artificial selection, predator effects, and the distinction between concept-led peacetime innovation and wartime coevolution —to explain how adversaries adapt. It presents a series of case studies on nonstate actors (including Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Islamic State), Russia, and China, as well as sections on North Korea and Iran. The book concludes by considering how western powers can respond to the increasing ineffectiveness of their military model and examines likely strategic futures.

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Landreth, Anthony. The Emerging Theory of Motivation. Redaktor John Bickle. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304787.003.0016.

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This article attempts to elate aspects of our commonsense understanding of motivation to an emerging, mechanistic account of motivation in neuroscience. It identifies various points in the neural process where motivational control will have an opportunity to play a role. It suggests that these points of influence occur in the early stages of planning a course of action by sequencing a set of subgoals, at the stage of action selection when the type of instrumental action to be performed is chosen and at the stage of online action correction when adjustments are made in the midst of performance. The article argues that it is possible to advance the understanding of motivational states by modeling them on reinforcement learning principles.

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Langston, Joy K. Changes to Candidate Selection and Political Recruitment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190628512.003.0007.

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This chapter examines how the PRI’s candidate selection and recruitment changed from the hegemonic to the democratic era to capture how electoral competition strengthened the governors at the expense the corporatist sectors and other PRI groups. Under hegemony, the president controlled (through choosing or vetoing) which PRI politician appeared on the ballot, and thus could punish or benefit ambitious politicians within the wide-flung coalition. Once competition grew, however, a candidate’s popularity with voters began to weigh on these decisions and governors began to demand control over nominations for subnational and federal posts. Regime leaders had to devolve power over federal candidacies to state executives because of their ability to win votes for the party, decentralizing the party. National party leaders won a good deal of control over the closed-list PR seats for both the Chamber and the Senate. Most party-affiliated unions lost nomination power because they were unable to choose popular candidates or procure electoral victories, weakening their position within the party.

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O’Brien, Barbara, i Catherine M. Grosso. Jury Selection in the Post-Batson Era. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190658113.003.0002.

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In Batson v. Kentucky (1986), the US Supreme Court sought to eradicate racial discrimination in jury selection by prohibiting the exercise of peremptory strikes based on race. This chapter reviews the evidence that Batson has failed to protect jurors from race-based strikes and the reasons for this failure. The test for establishing racial discrimination set forth in Batson suffers from design flaws that make its enforcement difficult given common psychological mechanisms at work in the decision-making process and which may be exacerbated by the jury selection process itself. Batson seeks to remedy only intentional discrimination. Moreover, its capacity to ensure diverse juries is limited by the stages of jury selection that precede its application. Enforcing Batson effectively is critical to the system’s integrity, but no simple solutions exist to remedy the stubborn persistence of racial bias in jury selection. All of this suggests that measures are needed to strengthen Batson’s protections.

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Brazier, John, Julie Ratcliffe, Joshua A. Salomon i Aki Tsuchiya. Modelling health state valuation data. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725923.003.0005.

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This chapter examines the technical issues in modelling health state valuation data. Most measures of health define too many states to directly value all of them (e.g. SF-6D defines 18,000 health states). The solution has been to value a subset and by using modelling to predict the values of all states. This chapter reviews two approaches to modelling: one using multiattribute utility theory to determine health values given an assumed functional form; and the other is using statistical modelling of SF-6D preference data that are skewed, bimodal, and clustered by respondents. This chapter examines the selection of health states for valuation, data preparation, model specification, and techniques for modelling the data starting with ordinary least squares (OLS) and moving on to more complex techniques including Bayesian non-parametric and semi-parametric approaches, and a hybrid approach that combines cardinal preference data with the results of paired data from a discrete choice experiment.

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Titmuss, Richard M. Essays on the Welfare State. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447349518.001.0001.

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The author of this book was a pioneer in the field of social administration (now social policy) and this reissued classic contains a selection of his most famous writing on social issues. It covers subjects ranging from the position of women in society, changes in family life, and the social effects of industrialisation, to the problems of an ageing population, pensions, social security and taxation policy, and the development of the national health service. This collection contains one of the author's most original contributions to the analysis of welfare policy — his reflections on ‘The social division of welfare’. The book stands the test of time as representative of his thinking, and as an inspiration to those who wrestle with the complex issues of our welfare state.

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Spruyt, Hendrik. War, Trade, and State Formation. Redaktorzy Carles Boix i Susan C. Stokes. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566020.003.0009.

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This article provides a short account of European state formation. The generative factors behind the transformation of late medieval forms of government to new types of authority are discussed in the first section. This transformation was conducted through the selection and convergence among these distinct types of authority. The article moves on to a discussion of the process of state formation and its effects on the type of regime that emerged in different states. It determines how state formation implicated the rise of constitutionalist or absolutist forms of rule and highlights how the accounts of state formation in Europe currently inform the study of state development in newly emerging countries. Finally, the article identifies rather intriguing topics for further enquiry.

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Jeffs, Kathleen. Pre-Rehearsal Questions of Performance Tradition and Play-Selection. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819349.003.0002.

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This chapter asks the questions: ‘what is the Spanish Golden Age and why should we stage its plays now?’ The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) Spanish season of 2004–5 came at a particularly ripe time for Golden Age plays to enter the public consciousness. This chapter introduces the Golden Age period and authors whose works were chosen for the season, and the performance traditions from the corrales of Spain to festivals in the United States. The chapter then treats the decision taken by the RSC to initiate a Golden Age season, delves into the play-selection process, and discusses the role of the literal translator in this first step towards a season. Then the chapter looks at ‘the ones that got away’, the plays that almost made the cut for production, and other worthy scripts from this period that deserve consideration for future productions.

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Harms, Mackenzie, Victoria Kennel i Roni Reiter-Palmon. Team Creativity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190222093.003.0004.

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Creative cognition is a critical aspect of creative problem solving for both teams and individuals, but the cognitive processes underlying creativity have received more attention at the individual than the team level. This chapter focuses on early- and late-stage cognitive processes that have currently received less attention in the team creativity literature: problem construction and idea evaluation and selection. Problem construction aims to clarify problem ambiguity through restating and redefining a problem and identifying goals and parameters for consideration prior to solution generation. Idea evaluation and selection occurs after idea generation and refers to the evaluation of ideas with respect to specific standards, goals, or ideals, and the selection of ideas for pursuit in implementation. Additional research for team problem construction and team idea evaluation and selection is proposed.

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48

Busch, Andrew E., red. The Rules and Politics of American Primaries. ABC-CLIO, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216010173.

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Provides an invaluable resource for scholars, students, and political observers who want a comprehensive picture of the past and present of the U.S. presidential nominating system across every state. In 2020, the parties will again nominate their candidates for president. Those nominations will play out in a complicated system of federal law, state law, national party rules, state party rules, and informal norms that have developed over decades. This resource provides a roadmap for understanding the rules of the game and the ways in which they impact elections and politics across the United States. This reference work is organized in two parts. Part I consists of a series of short thematic essays discussing topics such as what primaries and caucuses are, what the difference between open and closed primaries is, varying methods used by the parties for delegate selection, and how campaign finance works in the primaries. Part II consists of a state-by-state description of recent primary/caucus history and the methods currently used for delegate selection by Democrats and Republicans in each state. • Comprehensively examines the development and current features of the presidential nominating system • Authoritatively and objectively summarizes debates and controversies over the rules, operations, and influence of primaries and caucuses • Provides a rich historical background, including primary or caucus results from 2000–2016 for each state, DC, and the territories • Contains detailed information on parties’ 2020 methods of delegate selection in each state, DC, and the territories

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Babar, Zahra. Working for the Neighbours. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608873.003.0002.

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The forces and factors driving regional migration have become more complex over time, and traditional explanations for the motivations, attraction, and selection of migrants are no longer sufficient in the study of migration to the Persian Gulf. Qatar, which in the last decade has emerged as one of the Middle East’s fastest-growing economies, provides a sound case study for discussing some of the emerging dynamics of regional labor migration. This chapter examines Arab-origin migration to Qatar, reviewing how the state has negotiated the entry and control of “alien” Arabs. The chapter examines the evolution and transformation of migration patterns to the Gulf Cooperation Council, and assesses policies adopted by the states to better manage their regional labor markets and control the flow of foreigners. Particular attention is given to scrutinizing how and why Qatar has become more selective and politicized in negotiating labor migration, and how this has impacted the Arab expatriate population.

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Fancourt, Daisy. A step-by-step approach to the research process. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792079.003.0010.

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This chapter maps the four stages involved in a research process, giving an overview of each one and providing sources for more in-depth information such as specific research methods books. The first stage involves developing the idea for a research study, including identifying a research problem, developing research questions and hypotheses, developing a theory, assessing the feasibility of an intervention, choosing a study team, and involving patients and the public. The second stage involves designing a research study, including deciding on a research design and selecting the research methods. The third stage involves running the research study and assessing whether it has been run with enough fidelity to the initial plan to provide viable data. The fourth stage is the outcome of the research study, including deciding how to report results, how to disseminate findings, and whether findings can lead to further implementation of the intervention or further research.

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