Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „TV 2”

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 29-November 02, 1990 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Three-dimensional images produced by film or analog television have been used for bomb scoring by triangulation for many years. Use of solid-state imaging devices and digitization of analog camera outputs can improve the accuracy of such measurements, or make accuracy lower or (worst of all) of random accuracy if interpreted incorrectly. This paper examines some of the issues involved, and tabulates the maximum accuracies available for a given system.

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This PhD thesis presents a novel hardware reconfiguration methodology, which uses the digital TV broadcast signal for reconfiguring hardware modules in digital TV receivers. The proposed methodology allows hardware cores to be signaled, during the transport stream generation step, transmitted and then reassembled. At the receiver, the recovered cores are then used to reconfigure reprogrammable field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices, which are integrated into each receiver unit. Besides, content signaling allows receivers to choose between FPGA cores synthesized for different manufacturers, which enables receivers to select broadcast hardware cores related to the employed FPGA models. The results of the performed experiments, which were carried out during the development of this work, consist in a proof of concept and show the technical feasibility of this methodology, regarding reconfiguration of pre-synthesized hardware cores through the digital TV environment. Receiver manufacturers could benefit from this methodology for developing reconfigurable architectures, which would allow the incorporation of technological advances into receiver hardware and provide better control regarding product life cycle. As a result, future revisions of DTV standards could occur without the need for device replacement.
Esta tese de doutorado apresenta uma metodologia de reconfiguração de hardware, que utiliza o sinal da emissora de TV digital como base para atualizar módulos de receptores de TV digital. A metodologia proposta permite que núcleos de hardware sejam sinalizados, durante a geração do fluxo de transporte, transmitidos e posteriormente remontados. Desse modo, os núcleos recebidos são usados na reconfiguração de dispositivos baseados em lógica reprogramável (field programable gate array - FPGA), que estão integrados ao hardware de cada unidade receptora. Além disso, a sinalização de conteúdo permite a distinção entre núcleos sintetizados para FPGAs de diferentes fabricantes, o que habilita receptores de TV digital a selecionar somente núcleos de hardware relativos aos modelos de FPGA utilizados. Os resultados obtidos com os experimentos realizados, durante o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, consistem em uma prova de conceito e demonstram a viabilidade técnica do uso desta metodologia de transmissão e reconfiguração, para núcleos pré-sintetizados de hardware enviados em um ambiente de televisão digital. Fabricantes de receptores poderiam utilizar os benefícios desta metodologia para o desenvolvimento de arquiteturas reconfiguráveis, o que permitiria a incorporação de avanços tecnológicos às funções de hardware do receptor e um maior controle do ciclo de vida de produto. Como resultado, futuras revisões de normas de TV Digital não resultariam em troca de equipamento.

This thesis explores representations of British youth culture and adolescent identity formation in the ‘first generation’ (seasons 1-2) of the British television teen drama Skins (2007-8). Like its peers in the Teen TV genre, Skins focuses on normative teenage angst and rebellion that results in ‘naughty behavior’: sex, drug and alcohol use, and conflict with and alienation from parents. Skins sets itself apart from genre standards by heightening and glamorizing the way these behaviors are visually depicted. Furthermore, the characters experience very few substantial consequences or repercussions from parents or other authority figures, but rather repercussions come from within their own close-knit group. The primary source of tension in the series occurs during the moments when the group of friends challenge the cultural, biological and ideological constraints under which they find themselves when their preoccupied, self-involved, neglectful, and otherwise overbearing parents directly contribute to the conditions that fuel their excessive ‘naughtiness.’ The series creators, writers, producers and actors promote Skins as an authentic representation of teenage experience and this thesis ultimately seeks to explore the implications of this representation in order to gain a better understanding of British youth culture in the new millennium.

Syfte och frågeställningar

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det föreligger en signifikant skillnad i energiutgift vid spelande på den nya generationens spelkonsol, Nintendo Wii (Wii), jämfört med en traditionell spelkonsol, Sony Playstation 2 (PS2). De frågeställningar studien utgick ifrån var;

Föreligger det, konsolerna emellan, en skillnad avseende energiutgift vid spelande?

Hur skulle en eventuell skillnad i energiutgift kunna påverka en användares kroppsvikt?

Vilka andra fysiska aktiviteter kan tv-spelande jämföras med, avseende energiutgift?

Metod

Testpersonerna, 13 män och 5 kvinnor, testades med avseende på O2-förbrukning samt CO2-produktion på två spel per konsol. Spelen som testades var ”Wii Tennis”, ”Next Generation Tennis” (PS2), ”Wii Boxing” samt ”Knockout Kings 2002” (PS2). Utandningsluften samlades in kontinuerligt under spel enligt Douglas Bag-metodik. Varannan försöksperson utförde testen i omvänd ordning för att undvika systematiska effekter av testordning.

Resultat

Medelskillnaden i energiutgift vid spelande av tennis på Wii jämfört med PS2 beräknades till 1,85 kcal/min (95 % CI: 1,43–2,27). Vid boxning var medelskillnaden mellan Wii och PS2 3,93 kcal/min (95 % CI: 3,27–4,60). Medelskillnaden i hjärtfrekvens vid spelande av tennis på Wii jämfört med PS2 mättes till 20,56 slag/min (95 % CI: 14,90–26,21). Vid boxning var medelskillnaden mellan Wii och PS2 37,83 slag/min (95 % CI: 28,81–46,85). Energiutgiften vid boxning på Wii kan jämföras med den vid rask promenad eller lätt jogging. Beroende på vilket spel som väljs att spela tyder resultaten på att regelbunden användning av Wii skulle kunna bidra till bibehållande av kroppsvikt detta förutsatt att spelande ersätter en annars mindre energikrävande aktivitet eller sysselsättning såsom traditionellt TV-spelande eller stillasittande.

Slutsats

Slutsatsen av våra resultat är att det föreligger en skillnad i energiutgift vid spel av liknande art på Nintendo Wii och Sony Playstation 2. Det är även tydligt att beroende på vilket spel som väljs till konsolen varierar energiutgiften. Det går heller inte att utesluta att regelbundet spelande skulle kunna leda till en viktreducering som följd av en förhöjd energiförbrukning hos användaren.

This thesis explores the problem of compatibility between generations in the field of Digital Television, and proposes solutions to this problem. Since its inception, the DTV has been under development without taking into account the ability to continue receiving broadcasts with legacy equipment when a new generation is introduced. Therefore, when it comes time to introduce a new technology, a simulcast solution is usually used. The study carried out in this thesis explains the reasons why a traditional simulcast is a problem. As a concrete study example, the case of the transition from SD MPEG-2 to HD H.264 broadcasts according to the DVB-T standard is analyzed. And how this problem unnecessarily extends the transition periods between generations. In this way it postulates that one way to promote the development of new generations of Digital Television is precisely to shorten transition times. In order to facilitate the transition to a new generation, different technical solutions have been studied and developed that provide a certain degree of compatibility between generations. The results obtained conclude that it is not only feasible, but also desirable, to incorporate inter-generational compatibility solutions in Digital Television standards. Using the techniques described here, and others listed as future work, it would be possible for new standards and generations to incorporate this necessary capability.
Esta tesis explora el problema de la compatibilidad entre generaciones en el área de la Televisión Digital, y propone soluciones a ese problema. Desde su inicio, la TVD se ha ido desarrollando sin tener en cuenta la capacidad de seguir recibiendo emisiones con equipos antiguos cuando se introduce una nueva generación. Por lo tanto, cuando llega el momento de introducir una nueva tecnología, se suele utilizar una solución de emisión simultánea o simulcast. El estudio realizado en esta tesis explica las razones por las que un simulcast tradicional es un problema. Como ejemplo de estudio específico, se analiza el caso de la transición desde emisiones SD MPEG-2 a HD H.264 utilizando el estándar DVB-T. Y cómo esta dificultad alarga innecesariamente los períodos de transición entre generaciones. En esta línea se postula que una forma de promover la implantación de nuevas generaciones de Televisión Digital es precisamente acortando los tiempos de transición. Para facilitar la transición a una nueva generación, se han estudiado y desarrollado diferentes soluciones técnicas que proporcionan un cierto grado de compatibilidad entre generaciones. Los resultados obtenidos concluyen que no sólo es factible, sino también deseable, incorporar soluciones de compatibilidad intergeneracional en los estándares de Televisión Digital. Utilizando las técnicas aquí descritas, y otras enumeradas como trabajos futuros, sería posible que los nuevos estándares y generaciones incorporaren esta característica necesaria.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In the Brazilian scenario, the development of hardware components through computational methodologies and tools, available at affordable costs to education and research centers have make it feasible to design blocks and integrated circuit modules up to intellectual property IP level, focusing strategic areas of industry, specially those dedicated to the components for the Brazilian Digital Television System (SBTVD). This work deals with the architectural proposal development and validation for the Transport Stream MPEG-2 TS Subsystem of SBTVD transport stream demultiplexer from its specification and high-level modeling to its technology mapping implementation. As specific results, the structural and functional requirements of Transport Stream Subsystem MPEG-2 TS are detailed, the development of a software model for the demultiplexer and of an environment containing MPEG-2 TS flows that can validate the compliance with the SBTVD specification of models, an RTL-level MPEG-2 TS demultiplexer IP conceptual proof implementation and validation and its prototyping with technology mapping for FPGA and an ASIC design kit , are also presented.
No cenário brasileiro, o desenvolvimento de componentes de hardware através de metodologias e ferramentas computacionais, disponibilizados a custos acessíveis a centros de ensino e pesquisa tornou factível a possibilidade de se projetar até o nível de propriedade intelectual IP, blocos e módulos de circuitos integrados para atender áreas estratégicas da indústria, em especial aquelas voltadas aos componentes de produtos aderentes ao Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital (SBTVD). Este trabalho trata o desenvolvimento e validação de uma proposta arquitetural para o Subsistema de Fluxo de Transporte MPEG-2 TS demultiplexador de fluxo de transporte do SBTVD, desde sua especificação e modelagem em alto-nível, até sua implementação no nível de mapeamento tecnológico. Também estão apresentados resultados específicos como o detalhamento dos requisitos estruturais e funcionais do Subsistema de Fluxo de Transporte MPEG-2 TS, o desenvolvimento de um modelo em software para o demultiplexador e de um ambiente contendo fluxos MPEG-2 TS capazes de validar a conformidade dos modelos com a especificação do SBTVD, a implementação e validação de uma prova de conceito para um demultiplexador MPEG-2 TS no nível RTL e sua prototipagem com mapeamento tecnológico para FPGA e para um design kit de ASIC.

This thesis analyzes the contents of the Turkish magazine programs to explore as if the contents feed anti- establishment feelings or reinforce the existing hegemony in the society. The theses also traces the audience attitudes and beliefs towards the magazine programs in Turkey. The results suggested that programs do not represent any threat to the existing hegemony. On the contrary, it is more plausible to suggest that they represent a serious support to the existing order. The audience reactions revealed an oppositional attitude towards such programs in general which shows differences in terms of gender, education, political views, father'
s education level and hours of TV watching.

Uppsatsen handlar om retoriken i tv-spel. I tv-spelsforskningen pågår en debatt mellan ludologin och narratologin där ludologin menar att spel ska ses som spel och inget annat – exempelvis som en fotbollsmatch där spelet självt är det huvudsakliga innehållet och där ingen frågar efter ytterligare mening. Narratologin menar att spel i grunden är berättande eller bär på berättande drag – att en fotbollsmatch följer en överskådlig dramaturgi och berättande mönster. I denna uppsats för jag in retoriken till denna diskussion. Spel idag är ofta en blandning av regelbaserade spelmoment och ett narrativ, och denna blandform bär på sin egen retorik. Genom att analysera tv-spelet Uncharted 2 via klassisk retorik vill jag åskådliggöra de övertygande grepp som spelet har gemensamt med äldre kulturformer och den muntliga kulturens särdrag som de definieras av Walter J. Ong. Syftet är att hitta ”tv-spelets retorik” – den retorik som används inom spelet för att göra spelet självt spelbart, attraktivt, övertygande, meningsfullt och underhållande för spelaren.

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Currently, the MPEG-2 transport stream is widely used as multiplexing system for sending audio, video, and data, in digital television networks. The transmitted infor- mation is divided into xed-length pa kets, whi h are multiplexed in time and then sent to the re eiver. In order to ensure the orre t presentation of data related to a given program (e.g., audio and video), the transport stream an provide time bases, whi h are used for syn hronizing the re eption system. However, that information, whi h is known as Program Clo k Referen e (PCR) and is also periodi ally embedded in the multiplexed data stream, may su er from ina ura ies, due to the pro essing hain between transmitter and re eiver, whi h an be per eived in the form of jitter. In order to prevent that errors aused by the transport stream pro essing hain, whi h ompromises the proper presentation of the transmitted information, PCR orre tion methods are normally employed. This work presents a review of the PCR orre - tion methods ommonly used in the literature and introdu es two new ontributions. The rst one onsists of a shared a ess stru ture for the orre tion blo k, whi h has the potential to provide a redu ed omputational omplexity (in terms of arithmeti operations) and hardware requirements, when used with traditional PCR orre tion methods. The se ond one devises an intelligent method for PCR orre tion, whose main feature lies on the redu tion of the jitter aused by the orre tion pro ess. Its ar hite ture is based on the ooperative operation of the main modules involved in this pro ess: the rate adapter and the PCR orre tor. In spite of presenting a higher om- plexity, its superior performan e favors the syn hronization pro ess, performed by the re eiver, whi h makes it suitable for pre ise time-bases demanding systems. The pro- posed methodologies are ombined, whi h provides a omplete and e ient framework for pro essing MPEG-2 transport streams.
Atualmente, o fluxo de transporte MPEG-2 é amplamente utilizado como chamada de transporte para a multiplexação de programas que arregam áudio, vídeo e dados, em redes de televisão digital. As informações transmitidas são divididas em pa otes de tamanho xo, multiplexadas no tempo e então enviadas ao re eptor. Para que os da- dos de um mesmo programa sejam apresentados orretamente e em sin ronismo (e.g. áudio e vídeo), o uxo de transporte permite a in orporação de bases de tempo, que são utilizadas na sin ronização do sistema de re epção. Entretanto, essa informação, onhe ida omo Program Clo k Referen e (PCR) e inserida periodi amente no feixe multiplexado, pode sofrer erros, observados na forma de jitter, devido à adeia de pro- essamento entre transmissor e re eptor. Dessa forma, para se evitar que o erro inserido pelo pro essamento do uxo de transporte prejudique a apresentação da informação enviada, métodos de orreção de PCR são geralmente utilizados. Este trabalho apre- senta um estudo sobre os métodos de orreção de PCR mais utilizados na literatura e introduz duas novas ontribuições. A primeira onsiste em uma estrutura de a esso ompartilhado para o blo o de orreção, que tem o poten ial de propor ionar ara terís- ti as reduzidas de omplexidade omputa ional (quantidade de operações aritméti as) e requisitos de hardware, quando utilizada em onjunto om métodos tradi ionais de orreção de PCR. A segunda onsiste em um método inteligente para a orreção de PCR, uja prin ipal ara terísti a é a redução do erro inserido pelo pro esso de orre- ção. A sua arquitetura é baseada na operação ooperativa dos dois prin ipais agentes envolvidos nesse pro esso: os módulos de adaptação de taxa e de orreção de PCR. Apesar de apresentar maior omplexidade omputa ional, o seu desempenho superior fa ilita o pro esso de sin ronização, exe utado pelo re eptor, o que o torna bastante adequado a sistemas que exigem bases de tempo pre isas. As metodologias propostas são utilizadas em onjunto, propor ionando um esquema integrado e e iente para o pro essamento de uxos de transporte MPEG-2.

This thesis discusses the possibilities to distribute digital video in a military vehicle. Today, an analogue system is used, which has a maximum capacity of eighteen video sources and the same number of monitors. The purpose of this thesis is to increase the systems capabilities regarding secure distribution and additional functions.

Both software and hardware tests are made to investigate the features of the digital video standard MPEG-2. Both the coding delay and the image quality are of great interest. Another digital video standard, DV, is considered as an alternative to MPEG-2.

Apart from different coding techniques, this work describes some distribution techniques like TCP/IP, DVB-C and USB.

Prosocial behavior typically emerges during an infant's second year. Because it is posited to be continuous from infancy to adulthood, and past research has identified numerous positive outcomes associated with prosocial behavior, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in early prosocial behavior, such as prosocial media. Past research has examined the relation between prosocial media and prosocial behavior in preschool children, but no studies have explored this association with infants. The current study includes 60 infants and their primary caregivers. Data about media use, parent-infant media interactions, and infant prosocial helping was collected through survey and observational measures. Results showed that prosocial media exposure and parent joint media engagement were not associated with infant instrumental prosocial behavior. Additionally, parent joint media engagement did not act as a moderator between prosocial media exposure and infant instrumental prosocial behavior. Discussion focuses on the implications of infant age, infant attention level, and age appropriateness of media on infant instrumental prosocial behavior, as well as potential problems within the measurement and cross-sectional study design.

This project - ZOOMBREAK, is an Alternate Reality Game (ARG) designed to serve as an alternative to traditional university orientation events, especially in the context of China. It leverages the social engagement of an ARG to encourage participation, facilitate cooperation between new students, and build a culture of camaraderie. The exegetical document evidences a rigorous design-based research approach strengthened by a thorough context and case study analysis to inform the overall design concept and techniques for delivery. The analysis has included formats such as games, television shows, and marketing campaigns with similar themes and objectives, which informed the creation, evaluation, and refinement of the work. Hence, this exegesis may be used as a guide and reference for similar projects in the future.

Esta tesis doctoral es un estudio sobre la televisión de servicio público en España surgida a partir de un nuevo contexto televisivo que emerge en 2010. La aprobación de la Ley 7/2010, General de la Comunicación Audiovisual, que elimina cualquier obligación de prestación de servicio público por parte de las cadenas privadas y la multiplicación y fragmentación de la oferta de contenidos que supone la consolidación de la Televisión Digital Terrestre han generado un nuevo ecosistema televisivo en el que destaca la programación de La 2. Su contribución a la salvaguarda del servicio público se desarrolla a través de diferentes formatos, sin embargo existe un género informativo, el documental periodístico, que se torna garante del cumplimiento de las exigencias legales que rigen la obligatoriedad del servicio público de la comunicación. Dicho género informativo audiovisual se emite, principalmente, a través de los programas Documentos TV y En Portada. Objetivos 1. Caracterizar el género informativo documental periodístico. 2. Vincular el género documental periodístico con el servicio público de la comunicación. 3. Analizar la programación de La 2 de TVE en el contexto de la TDT nacional en abierto. Metodología La tesis doctoral que presentamos estudia, en diferentes fases, cinco temporadas televisivas. Llamamos Investigación 1 al análisis de los documentales emitidos entre 2007 y 2012; Investigación 2 a los concentrados en la temporada 2011-2012 e Investigación 3 al estudio de seis casos de la temporada 2011-2012. En todas las fases, el análisis se centra en los programas de documental informativo Documentos TV y En Portada de La 2. En lo que respecta a la metodología elegida para llevar a cabo esta tesis doctoral destacamos varios métodos a partir de los cuales mediremos diferentes aspectos del objeto de estudio. Por un lado, hemos escogido metodologías estadísticas como el sondeo y el análisis de contenido. Por otro lado, desarrollaremos metodologías no estadísticas como el análisis exploratorio y la entrevista en profundidad. La herramienta de trabajo para el análisis de los documentales ha sido el programa estadístico SPSS. Conclusiones La conclusión principal de esta investigación es la siguiente: “De los resultados extraídos de esta investigación, concluimos que el documental periodístico sí es un género garante de la función de servicio público de la comunicación ya que cumple la mayoría de las exigencias recogidas en la normativa”. A partir de las conclusiones aportadas, proponemos una definición propia: “El documental periodístico o informativo es un género audiovisual informativo propio de una edad televisiva distinta a la actual, pues nace en la Paleotelevisión y mantiene sus características fundacionales intactas. A través de un discurso argumentativo, promueve la defensa de los valores sociales que se identifican con el servicio público de la comunicación. Su duración es superior a la de otros géneros informativos de la televisión, situándose entre los 40 y los 60 minutos, de media. Consiste en la grabación de asuntos de actualidad –ya sea inmediata o permanente-, profundizando en su análisis así como en la clarificación de las causas y consecuencias de los hechos que narra. Como norma general, incluye la interpretación crítica o polémica respecto al tema que trata, ya que en muchos casos se aborda una situación de injusticia social, una idea que lo vincula al cumplimiento del servicio público de la comunicación. La variedad de escenarios de grabación y la diversidad de fuentes consultadas, en general contradictorias unas con otras, otorga a este género el estatus de objetividad que, por otra parte, se le presupone”
This doctoral thesis is a study on the television of public service in Spain arisen from a new television context that emerged in 2010. The approval of the Law 7/2010, General of the Audio-visual Communication, eliminates any obligation of public service on the part of the private chains as well as the multiplication and fragmentation of the offer of contents that supposes the consolidation of the Digital Terrestrial Television; have generated a new television ecosystem in which the programming of La 2 stands out. Its contribution to the safeguard of the public service develops across different formats. Nevertheless there exists an informative genre, the journalistic documentary, which returns guarantor of the fulfillment of the legal requirements that govern the obligatory of the public service of the communication. The above mentioned informative audio-visual genre is principally issued across programs as Documentos TV and En Portada. Objectives 1. Characterize the genre: journalistic documentary . 2. Linking documentary journalism to public service communication. 3. Analyze scheduling TVE-2 in the context of National Television Digital. Methodology The dissertation studies five television seasons at different stages:  Research 1 focuses on the documentary analysis issued between 2007 and 2012.  Investigation 2 concentrates on the 2011-2012 season.  Research 3 studies six cases from the 2011-2012 season. At all stages, the analysis focuses on factuals documentary Documentos TV and En Portada from La 2. The methodology chosen to accomplish these objectives include various methods used to measure different aspects of the object of study. On the one hand, we have chosen statistical methodologies such as the probing and content analysis. On the other, non-statistical methodologies such as the exploratory analysis and in-depth interview were developed. The tool for the analysis of the documentary has been the program SPSS. Conclusions The main conclusion of this research is as follows: "Drawing on the results from this study, we conclude that the documentary itself is a genre of journalism guarantor of public service function of communication as it meets most of the requirements contained in the regulations ". As such, we propose a self-definition: "The journalistic or informative documentary is an informative audiovisual genre own television age different from today. It was born in paleotelevision and its foundational characteristics remains intact. Through argumentative discourse, it promotes the defense of social values that are identified with public service communication. Its duration is superior to other television news genres, ranging between 40 and 60 minutes, on average. Recording consists of current affairs-either immediately or permanently, deepening its analysis and the clarification of the causes and consequences of the events it narrates. As a general rule, it includes the critical interpretation or controversy regarding the subject matter, as in many cases it deals with a situation of social injustice, an idea that links the fulfillment of public service communication. The variety of scenarios and diversity of recording sources, generally contradictory to each other, gives objectivity to the genus status an aspect which is generally assumed"

Denna uppsats undersöker huruvida rollspel (inom TV- och PC-spel) kan bidra till svenskämnets litteraturundervisning på gymnasiet. Vi har utgått från spelet Red Dead Redemption 2 för att sedan analysera dess narrativ och lyfta fram relevanta perspektiv som kan bidra till elevers skönlitterära kunskaper. Genom den hermeneutiska metoden har vi tolkat spelets innehåll, och genom det litteraturvetenskapliga perspektivet narratologi har vi analyserat och tolkat narrativet. Vi har även uppmärksammat behavioristiska inslag i spelets valmöjligheter då spelaren blir belönad vid vissa val. För att avgränsa arbetet har vi utgått från att fokusera vår analys på temana samhörighet och medmänsklighet. Efter analysen har vi kopplat samman vårt resultat med tidigare forskning om arbete med skönlitteratur och lärares kompetenser. Denna uppsats ämnar inte redogöra för hur ett spel kan spelas under lektionstid, utan att undersöka huruvida elevers tidigare spelerfarenheter kan användas i skolan. Det vi har observerat är att spelet omfattar ett långt och komplext narrativ som är unikt för spelvärlden. Det finns andra spel inom rollspelsgenren som är uppbyggda på liknande sätt, men att narrativet drivs till stor del av spelarens val är unikt för Red Dead Redemption 2. Vi har kommit fram till att om läraren besitter didaktiska kompetenser, relationella kompetenser samt ledarkompetenser kan detta narrativ användas i svenskämnets litteraturstudier i relation till läroplanens riktlinjer.

Kritiken och verkligheten söker utröna skillnader datorspelskritik och litteraturkritik emellan. Mina tankar rörande de två områdena kretsade till en början kring att litteraturkritiken tilläts röra sig mer fritt mellan olika kulturella sfärer medan datorspelskritiken mer hängav sig åt en yngre målgrupp utan referenser till andra kulturyttringar.   För att undersöka detta har jag gjort en diskuskursanalytisk undersökning efter van Dijks modell. Undersökningen inkluderar tolv analysenheter; tre böcker och tre spel. Varje verk har analyserats två gånger då jag analyserat recensioner från två olika tidningar (DN och SvD) för att komma än djupare i mina analyser kring hur aktuella böcker och spel behandlats. För att få spelen och böckerna något sånär jämförbara har jag ställt upp ett antal kriterier, där ett av de mer centrala är att samtliga verk har varit ett av de mest sålda verken ett givet år (2007-2009). Det är alltså "storsäljare" jag tittar på, i hopp om att de representerar de mest populära verken inom sitt fält.   För att göra denna undersökning och göra dessa jämförelser har jag utgått från Pierre Bourdieus begrepp "sociala fält" för att kunna bedöma när en recension lämnar sitt eget fält och äntrar ett annat. Detta begrepp är flexibelt så till vida att litteratur exempelvis kan anses vara ett fält, medan en nedskalning kan innebära att svensk feministlitteratur är ett annat, "mindre" fält. För att ytterligare närma mig kritikens, recensionens och värderingens värld har jag använt mig av Tomas Forser redogörelser och forskning kring vad dessa begrepp innebär. Jag har plockat ut ett antal, för uppsatsen, intressanta termer ur hans forskning för att konkretisera vissa delar av min teoretiska ram. Mina föreställningar om att litteraturartiklarna skulle inkludera långt fler referenser till andra sociala fält stämde inte helt och hållet, då vissa datorspelsartiklar var fullproppade med desamma. Däremot kom jag fram till att samtliga böcker anses säga något om verkligheten eller samhället, medan datorspelen aldrig antogs göra det.

Mentre negli Stati Uniti la sketch comedy surreale inonda gli schermi, in Italia un programma peculiare sbarca su Rai 2: Una pezza di Lundini (Rai, 2020-). Laddove oltreoceano critici e accademici si sono adoperati per analizzare il fenomeno in rapporto alla società, in Italia non c’è una vera e propria traiettoria accademica, anche se molti critici si sono espressi su diverse testate giornalistiche. Pertanto, il progetto di ricerca si propone di indagare la comicità surreale e il suo rapporto con la realtà quotidiana. In particolare, si concentra sulla sketch comedy surreale italiana contemporanea che sembra incarnare al meglio le teorie di Bergson, Dupréel e Bachtin e la singolare reciprocità tra comicità e corpo sociale. La teoria del comico e il suo bias surreale, inevitabilmente, si fondono con le teorie sociologiche e quelle sui media che sottolineano l’importanza di televisione e web come strumenti di espressione umana nel mondo. La tesi, poi, porta con sé alcuni esempi tutti italiani: dalla Gialappa’s Band a Marcello Macchia, passando per Lillo & Greg. Comici che con i loro sketch surreali hanno commentato, raccontato e rappresentato la società in cambiamento. Infine, il testo si concentra in modo approfondito su un caso di studio: Una pezza di Lundini (Rai, 2020-). Grazie all’intervista personale con l’autore del programma, Giovanni Benincasa, e ispirandosi al kit d’analisi di Jean K. Chalaby in L’era dei format, il programma viene scomposto e analizzato attraverso diverse dimensioni: produttiva, estetica, linguistica e culturale. Quest’ultima chiude il cerchio teorico tracciato dal primo capitolo confermandone le traiettorie. Il surreale, infatti, è il fil rouge dell’intero programma: una decostruzione della televisione e dei suoi meccanismi, ma anche una rappresentazione dell’uomo impreparato e della società contemporanea disorientata da una vita liquida.

碩士
大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
102
Literature from the past is that the consumer's perceived ease of use of technology and perceived usefulness will positively affect their use of technology attitude. TV shopping is in the scope of information technology. The purpose of this study is to explore consumer’s TV shopping intention in Taichung with TAM2. This study investigates publics over 18 years old in Taichung , who has watched TV shopping propram before, as the main research objects by questionnaires. There are 460 questionnaires issued in this survey and 456 are recovered , after deducting 13 invalid questionnaires, the result of the questionnaires is valid 443. The results of this study indicate as follows: 1. Subjective norm ,perceived usefulness,and perceived ease of use has a significant positive impact on purchase intention. 2. Subjective norm, image, and perceived ease of use has a significant positive impact on perceived usefulness. 3. Subjective norm has a significant positive impact on the image. The results and conclusions of this study can be as references for TV shopping industry management . Keywords: TAM2, TV shopping, the consumer

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the physical strain of a PE teacher at the second stage of the primary education during the PE lessons and within the everyday school life. In the theoretical part of the thesis key concepts pedagogy, pedeutology and a brief history of teaching are explained. Furthermore, the profession of a teacher, their duties, personality traits, role and teaching styles are described, as well as the job-analysis of a PE teacher. The most important part is the description and analysis of the physical strain, stress, noise and workload of a PE teacher and the influence of the physical strain on their heart rate. In the practical part of the thesis we deal with eight days of surveying in which we describe in detail the PE lessons. Afterwards we collect the data obtained by using a sport tester within these 30 PE lessons and its parts and we can find out what the energy output of the PE teacher is. From the data obtained according to general physiology we can put the demandingness of the profession of a PE teacher into the corresponding category of work load.

碩士
國立交通大學
電信研究所
83
In this thesis, a two-dimensional (2-D) propagation model for field strength forecasting and coverage prediction in VHF/UHF frequency range is presented. Based on given digital terrain data, this model considers multiple diffractions of waves over the 2-D natural terrain cut by the vertical transmitter- receiver plane. The scatterings from other obstacles not associated with this plane are ignored. To tackle the problem, the 2-D natural terrain is first approximated by suitable wedges of various angles and heights. The uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) is then used to compute the diffraction of waves by a single wedge. Finally the ray transmission matrix (RTM) method is implemented to deal with the multiple diffractions between these wedges. The diffraction of waves by one and two obstacle wedges with or without rough surfaces is fully investigates. It is found that the surface roughnesses have little influence on the diffracted waves. The propagation effects of a wave of freqency 205.25 MHz along three different paths in the Taiwan middle region are calculated and compared with the measurement. Good agreement between the calculation and measurement is observed. Finally, as an example, the field strength forecasting and coverage prediction associated with a VHF TV transmitter is presented and discussed.

This diploma thesis deals with the use of adventurously oriented games in teaching of physical education in the gym at the second grade of elementary school. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is devoted to the child's personality in middle school age in terms of physical, motoric, mental and psychomotor. It also describes psychomotorics, psychomotor game, adventure education, adventurously oriented games, tools and utensils and motivation. In the practical part I examined the use of adventurously oriented games in physical education through the questionnaire and my own practice. The results have been recorded into graphs and tables. Each question was analyzed in the discussions, evaluated and I suggested possible solutions to identified problems. I replied at predetermined hypothesis and stated the results in the conclusion (see Chapter 3 of 5).

Title Assessment of the 2nd Grade Elementary School Pupils in Ústí nad Labem Region and Their Attitude Towards Physical Education Problem Researches and investigations from the recent years have been indicating a decline in a physical activity of children during their free time. This fact is also reflected in physical education lessons, especially at the level of their skills, fitness and performance, but also in their overall interest in this subject. Physical education teachers often solve a fundamental problem in their classes and that is a low motivation of pupils to move. One part of the learning process is also an evaluation where the teacher takes into consideration a number of factors. An objective consideration of all partial factors, for which a student can be evaluated during physical education lessons, into an overall grade is a very complex and difficult process for the teacher. This thesis deals with the assessment in physical education, particularly with an effort to identify those variables that have a significant impact on the overall grade in this school subject. We observe gender and age differences, the relationship of students to physical education, an active attitude to sport outside the school environment, family influence, but also the lifestyle of a student and also the...

This diploma thesis deals with teaching styles, teaching and educational methods and looks for relationship to organizational forms of teaching. The work is focused on the second stage of primary schools and corresponding years of multi-year grammar school. In the first part of the theoretical part I deal with individual forms of education, their definitions, meanings and possible influences of the teacher on individual parts. The second section is devoted to teaching and teaching methods that can be used in physical education lessons. I examine the development of teaching methods, the work of various authors, their views and their division of methods. The third section is dedicated to the teacher as a very important determinant of teaching. Because the teacher has a huge influence on the teaching style and the choice of teaching methods, I deal with his personality, expression and other influencing factors. The whole fourth section of the theoretical part is devoted to the teaching styles themselves. The fifth section is devoted to those organizational forms of teaching that can be used in physical education lessons. The sixth section includes didactic principles, their adherence, and the relationship to previous research terms. The aim of this work is to introduce individual forms of education,...

The next article contains the whole data and conclusions that were recollected from a 20 days research about LaSexta, Intereconomía TV and TVE evening newscasts. Front news topics, duration and contains plus first five news have been analyzed, in order to perform a quantitative study of those dates through many commented graphics and comparative boards. Finally, a series of conclusions derived from obtained data analysis appear.

碩士
國防大學政治作戰學院
新聞碩士班
102
Abstract What kind of image of the People’s Liberation Army is conveyed in China’s military theme TV dramas? In order to answer the question, two TV dramas, "Fire Blue Blade" and "Special Force in Action 2", both produced by CCTV in 2012, are chosen by this study to analyze. Based on the narrative theory, the study explores forms of content and forms of expression to compare roles, settings, and plots in the story of TV dramas. The result of analysis shows that roles portrayed are consistent with Propp's seven functions. Settings are built in military camps to manifest the military culture. The modern background of the story provides a closer link to the audience. The plot of story follows a classic three act structure. The narrative analysis also finds that military theme TV dramas usually describe popular themes such as “common citizens join the army to challenge themselves and eventually triumph their destiny”, “everyone can be a good soldier”, “working hard always paid off.” Overall, both TV dramas conveyed the ideology of the communist party and the sacred goal of the People’s Liberation Army. This study delves the narrative analysis of TV dramas in hope that it may shed light on the audience to understand more of the political ideology behind the China’s military theme TV dramas. Keywords: People’s Liberation Army, TV drama, narrative, image

This thesis investigates the motivation, engagement and experiences of men as they interact with the selected television shows, which are presented or conceived as shows for women. The purpose of this thesis is to examine, identify and evaluate the motivation of men as a perceived non-target audience for watching the shows. Using gender theories and the audience in media theories as the background of this thesis, it then presents full- scale research on the TV shows "Sex and the City", "Desperate Housewives", "2 Broke Girls" through fifteen in-depth interviews, discovering narrators' viewing experience and reactions. The empirical analysis of this thesis is conducted in light of perceived and reported demographic groups, keeping in mind the sociocultural context of each series. This thesis examines both socio-economic and gender topics, which are represented in the shows by product placement on the first hand, and emancipatory themes on the other.