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1
Luebbe, Aaron M. Bell Debora. "Differentiating anxiety and depression a socioaffective tripartite model /". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6975.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 26, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Debora Bell. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
2
Kalmykova, Elena. "Dissolving Dualism : A Tripartite Model of Cognition for Religious Truth". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionsfilosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150622.
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This investigation can be described as a long journey to a final destination: a truth in religion. We start by considering dualism of the subjective and the objective, the classical model of cognition that underlies notions of truth. Dualistic notions of cognition lead to serious problems, especially for religious truth. Religions claim to state truths about the nature of the universe and human destiny, but these truths are incompatible. With a dualistic model this problem of diversity of religious truths leads to fundamentalism or relativism. Thus, this research aims to turn to the roots of the cognitive situation and investigate the way we cognize and relate to the world to provide a better model. As we consider the philosophical theories and empirical investigations of cognition, we come to the conclusion that dualism of the subjective and objective is not tenable. As the findings of contemporary mind sciences and phenomenologically oriented research indicate, human cognition is embodied, embedded, enacted, extended, and shaped by language. Thus, I propose to re-conceptualize the cognitive situation to provide a better philosophical account. I put forward a tripartite model of cognition, which unites language, action, and environment. The consequent application of this model to the issues of truth and religion shows that we can avoid the problem of diversity of truth claims. A tripartite model allows us to explain how we can maintain religion as true, despite the diversity of religious truth claims. Additionally, as this model is fundamental, its application leads to various new findings and inferences, which render anew the world and the way humans relate to it. Thus, our journey brings us to new frontiers of investigation.
3
Cannon, Melinda. "Comorbid Anxiety and Depression: Do they Cluster as Distinct Groups in Youth?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/287.
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One of the most common pairs of co-occurring psychological disorders in children and adolescents is anxiety and depression. This high frequency of co-occurrence has led to research examining the structure of anxiety and depression, specifically the shared and unique aspects of these syndromes. The tripartite model accounts for the overlap between the disorders by suggesting that they are related because they share the feature of negative affect or general psychological distress. The model further proposes that they can be differentiated by their unique features of physiological hyperarousal (anxiety) and low positive affect (depression). Factor analytic research has shown that anxious symptoms and depressive symptoms can be structurally distinguished and research on the tripartite model has suggested their conceptual distinction. However, research has not shown that anxiety and depression cluster as distinct symptoms in samples of youth. The current study used cluster analysis to examine the grouping of individuals based on their levels of anxiety and depression. It was hypothesized that four groups would emerge-- anxiety only, depression only, comorbid anxiety and depression, and low/no symptoms. Further analyses using the tripartite model variables provided support of the accurate classification of individuals and this model was shown to be a useful tool in differentiating anxious symptoms from depressive symptoms. Exploratory analyses regarding developmental differences in the structure of anxiety and depression provided mixed support.
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Bushman, Bryan B. "Developmental Changes in the Structure of Affect: Is the Tripartite Model Equally Valid for Younger and Older Children?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2004. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6206.
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Many studies investigating the validity of the Tripartite model of affect in children have been supportive of the model. However, few studies have examined if older and younger children structure affect similarly. The current study used confirmatory factor analytic techniques (SEM) to test the validity of the tripartite model in two developmentally distinct populations of children (third and sixth grade). Confirmatory factor analytic methods examined one-factor, two-factor correlated, and two-factor uncorrelated models. Furthermore, the pattern of correlations between positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and dependent measures of anxiety and depression was calculated.
The results indicated the two-factor correlated and two-factor uncorrelated models demonstrated adequate fit across samples. However, in the younger sample the correlation between NA and PA was larger and statistically significant compared to the older sample, thus supporting the hypothesis that older and younger children structure affect differently. Limitations of the study and clinical/developmental implications are discussed.
5
Mathews, Maureen. "Thankful Feelings, Thoughts & Behavior: A Tripartite Model of Evaluating Benefactors and Benefits". VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1882.
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Gratitude and indebtedness have been treated as similar constructs that occur in social exchange, but little work has examined how these constructs are independent from each other. Relatedly, how a person evaluates the components of a social exchange – the benefactor and benefit – can vary. Two exploratory studies examined affective, cognitive and behavioral measurement during a social exchange to test whether they were associated with gratitude and indebtedness. Participants completed a distribution game for which they gave and received tickets for a raffle with a fictitious partner. Study 1 (N=34) findings indicated that gratitude was associated with positive affect, but that positive affect was a better predictor of exchange behavior. Indebtedness was more closely associated with cognition and was not a significant predictor of exchange behavior. Positive affect and positive thought were associated with a positive attitude toward the exchange partner, whereas positive thought alone was associated with a positive attitude toward the benefit (i.e., raffle tickets). Study 2 (N=60) used a between-subjects variable to see if a manipulation involving the benefit affected responses. Three conditions were used: gratitude, indebtedness, or control. Participants in the gratitude and indebtedness conditions evaluated the partner and the tickets more positively compared to a control condition. Gratitude is directly associated with positive affect and inversely associated with negative cognition, whereas indebtedness is directly associated with positive affect across the three conditions. Three components of attitude were associated with the overall evaluation of the benefactor across conditions. In contrast, affect and cognition alone provided the best model for predicting overall evaluation of the benefit. Despite some of the limitations of this study (e.g., sample size), preliminary evidence suggests associations between affective and cognitive components and social exchange behavior. Limitations stemming from partial online data collection are described and discussed.
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Turner, Cynthia Michelle, i c. turner@mailbox gu edu au. "An Investigation of the Tripartite Model in Three Age Cohorts of Children and Youth". Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030701.122513.
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A large body of literature exists to show that childhood anxiety and depression are significantly interrelated, both at the disorder and the symptom level. Clark and Watson (1991) proposed that a tripartite model could account for the observed relations between anxiety and depression. The tripartite model holds that while anxiety and depression share a substantial component of general affective distress or negative affectivity (NA), they can be meaningfully differentiated on the basis of specific symptoms. Anhedonia, or low positive affect (PA), is seen as specific to depression, and physiological arousal (PH), or somatic tension, is seen as unique to anxiety. The studies presented in this thesis were designed to investigate the tripartite model of anxiety and depression in children and youth. Although previous studies provide some support for the validity of the tripartite model in children, they have not systematically examined the generalisability of the model across the developmental spectrum. Where age differences have been explored, there is some evidence to suggest that anxiety and depression show greater differentiation across development. Therefore, the first study sought to test unitary, dual, and tripartite models of anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional design, using three distinct age cohorts of non-referred children and youth recruited from grade 3 (mean age 7.74 years), grade 6 (mean age 10.59 years), and grade 9 (mean age 13.52 years). A confirmatory factor analytic strategy was used with selected items from the Revised Childrens Manifest Anxiety Scale and the Childrens Depression Inventory. The study found little evidence to support the idea of increasing differentiation with age. All models provided a moderate fit to the data, although analyses indicated that a correlated three-factor tripartite model was the preferred model in all age cohorts. These results suggest that the tripartite model may be a clinically useful tool in differentiating between depressive and anxious symptoms and disorders in children of all ages. The second study then sought to examine the predictive utility of the tripartite model, using a subsample of participants from the first study. In line with the tripartite theory, it was anticipated that the dimensions of NA and PA would predict concurrent and future symptoms of hopelessness (depression). Further, it was expected that the dimensions of NA and PH would predict concurrent and future symptoms of panic (anxiety). Self-report symptoms of hopelessness and panic were measured at baseline and again 12 months later. Results revealed some consistencies and inconsistencies with respect to the predictions of the model. In accordance with predictions, results indicated that NA and PA were significant predictors of concurrent symptoms of hopelessness for grade 3 and grade 6 students, but not for grade 9 students. In addition, NA and PH were significant predictors of concurrent symptoms of panic for grade 6 students, but not for grade 3 or grade 9 students. The tripartite dimensions of NA and PA predicted future hopelessness symptoms for grade 6 students only, however the NA and PH dimensions did not predict future symptoms of panic for any students. Methodology of the study is examined in interpreting the obtained results, and limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Turner, Cynthia Michelle. "An Investigation of the Tripartite Model in Three Age Cohorts of Children and Youth". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367298.
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A large body of literature exists to show that childhood anxiety and depression are significantly interrelated, both at the disorder and the symptom level. Clark and Watson (1991) proposed that a tripartite model could account for the observed relations between anxiety and depression. The tripartite model holds that while anxiety and depression share a substantial component of general affective distress or negative affectivity (NA), they can be meaningfully differentiated on the basis of specific symptoms. Anhedonia, or low positive affect (PA), is seen as specific to depression, and physiological arousal (PH), or somatic tension, is seen as unique to anxiety. The studies presented in this thesis were designed to investigate the tripartite model of anxiety and depression in children and youth. Although previous studies provide some support for the validity of the tripartite model in children, they have not systematically examined the generalisability of the model across the developmental spectrum. Where age differences have been explored, there is some evidence to suggest that anxiety and depression show greater differentiation across development. Therefore, the first study sought to test unitary, dual, and tripartite models of anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional design, using three distinct age cohorts of non-referred children and youth recruited from grade 3 (mean age 7.74 years), grade 6 (mean age 10.59 years), and grade 9 (mean age 13.52 years). A confirmatory factor analytic strategy was used with selected items from the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale and the Children’s Depression Inventory. The study found little evidence to support the idea of increasing differentiation with age. All models provided a moderate fit to the data, although analyses indicated that a correlated three-factor tripartite model was the preferred model in all age cohorts. These results suggest that the tripartite model may be a clinically useful tool in differentiating between depressive and anxious symptoms and disorders in children of all ages.
The second study then sought to examine the predictive utility of the tripartite model, using a subsample of participants from the first study. In line with the tripartite theory, it was anticipated that the dimensions of NA and PA would predict concurrent and future symptoms of hopelessness (depression). Further, it was expected that the dimensions of NA and PH would predict concurrent and future symptoms of panic (anxiety). Self-report symptoms of hopelessness and panic were measured at baseline and again 12 months later. Results revealed some consistencies and inconsistencies with respect to the predictions of the model. In accordance with predictions, results indicated that NA and PA were significant predictors of concurrent symptoms of hopelessness for grade 3 and grade 6 students, but not for grade 9 students. In addition, NA and PH were significant predictors of concurrent symptoms of panic for grade 6 students, but not for grade 3 or grade 9 students. The tripartite dimensions of NA and PA predicted future hopelessness symptoms for grade 6 students only, however the NA and PH dimensions did not predict future symptoms of panic for any students. Methodology of the study is examined in interpreting the obtained results, and limitations and directions for future research are discussed.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Faculty of Health Sciences
Full Text
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Boschen, Mark Justin. "The tripartite model of anxiety and depression : a new look at theory and measurement /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18623.pdf.
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Ordaz, Daniel Luis. "Gynecomastia: Psychological Correlates and a Test of the Tripartite Influence Model of Body Image". Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6558.
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Gynecomastia is the proliferation of breast tissue in men. The purpose of this study was to compare psychological functioning across three groups of participants: treatment seeking men with gynecomastia, non treatment seeking men with gynecomastia, and men without gynecomastia. Though very little research has been done with this population, some research suggests poor psychological outcomes of gynecomastia. MANCOVA was used to test differences in psychological functioning across the three groups, and multiple regression was used to predict quality of life from psychological variables. Significant differences emerged between groups, with men with gynecomastia reporting worse psychological functioning. Additionally, no theoretical model for body image currently exists for men with gynecomastia. As such, the Tripartite Influence Model of Body Image was examined in this population through used of mediation analyses. Results confirmed partial support of this model for this population. This study was the first to examine treatment seeking status as a potential moderator of psychological functioning in men with gynecomastia and provides a theoretical model of body image to guide future research in this area.
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Fernandes, Cleyton Vieira. "Semiótica musical: princípios teóricos e aplicações sobre o discurso musical, sua produção e recepção". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-02062015-165108/.
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A semiótica, precisamente esta de cunho estruturalista da qual tratamos, propõe-se a compreender como o sentido se organiza em objetos dos mais variados modos de manifestação: verbal, visual, cinematográfico, musical entre outros. Nesta tese, propomos a sistematização de princípios semióticos capazes de dar conta do fato musical, termo cunhado pelo semioticista Jean Molino e amplamente divulgado por Jean-Jacques Nattiez. Para tanto, valemo-nos da semiótica de Greimas e de seus seguidores, procurando estabelecer uma interlocução com as correntes da análise musical que buscam a compreensão das estruturas discursivas e de seu sentido através da noção de linguagem conforme propõe Saussure.The structuralist semiotics, precisely this which we treat, aims at understanding how the meaning is organized in objects of various modes of expression: verbal, visual, cinematographic, musical and others. In this thesis, we propose a system of semiotic principles which are able to analyze the musical fact, a term established by the semiotician Jean Molino and widely spread by Jean-Jacques Nattiez. In order to do it, we make use of the semiotics of Greimas and his followers, trying to establish a dialogue with the currents of musical analysis seeking to understand the discursive structures and meaning through the notion of language as proposed by Saussure.
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Wang, Weiwei. "Body Image, Self-Esteem and Eating Disturbance among Chinese Women: Testing the Tripartite Influence model". Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7591.
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The purpose of the study is to confirm the reasons behind young Chinese women’s eating disturbances and self-esteem. The researcher uses the Tripartite Influence model to illustrate the relationship between internalization and pressures in the form of peer, family, and media pressure. It further reveals the relationship between internalization and self-esteem and eating disorders. Besides conforming with the mode of young Chinese females, it aims at finding out the reasons behind each relevant relationship. One point of the study is the different impact of media pressure on young Chinese females; the influence of media tends to be much lower in China and the reasons have been discussed in their entirety.
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Greenberg, Stefanie Teri Cochran Sam Victor Altmaier Elizabeth M. "An investigation of body image dissatisfaction among Jewish American females an application of the tripartite influence model /". Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/368.
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Greenberg, Stefanie Teri. "An investigation of body image dissatisfaction among Jewish American females: an application of the tripartite influence model". Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/368.
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Body image dissatisfaction at moderate levels can be a normative experience for many women of current American culture. However, women whose body dissatisfaction exceeds moderate levels are vulnerable to developing an eating disorder. Empirical findings show body dissatisfaction predicts low self-esteem, depression, and overall poor quality of life.
Various theories aim to understand factors involved in the development and maintenance of body dissatisfaction. Sociocultural factors, such as peers, family, and media, have gained the greatest empirical support. The tripartite influence model of body image dissatisfaction and eating disturbance integrates sociocultural factors, and has been empirically tested to evaluate risk factors using an established theoretical model. However, this model has primarily been applied to Caucasian samples.
A recent trend in the body image literature is increasing attention to ethnic differences in body image. Jews are an ethnic minority who has been virtually ignored in the empirical literature on body image; yet, studies suggest Jewish females experience body dissatisfaction. To date, no published empirical study has applied the tripartite influence model to Jewish American females. A sociocultural model can potentially increase understanding of body dissatisfaction among Jewish American females.
This study used the tripartite influence model to examine relationships among variables (Jewish identity, parental influence, internalization of appearance) hypothesized to relate to body image dissatisfaction. Participants were 255 self-identified Jewish American women who completed a web-based survey measuring these constructs.
Results showed a significant, yet weak, relationship between Jewish identity and body dissatisfaction. Contrary to prediction, Jewish women perceived greater pressure from fathers to lose weight than mothers, and no difference in pressure from both parents to gain weight and gain muscle. As perceived pressure from fathers to lose weight increases, women reported greater body dissatisfaction. A significant but weak relationship was found between perceived pressure from fathers to gain muscle and body dissatisfaction. The more women internalize media messages promoting the thin ideal for women, women reported less body satisfaction. A significant but low correlation was found between women who endorsed the "toned," athletic body ideal and body dissatisfaction.
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Cowburn, I. Malcolm, Victoria J. Lavis i Tammi Walker. "BME sex offenders in prison: the problem of participation in offending behaviour groupwork programmes: a tripartite model of understanding". De Montfort University and Sheffield Hallam University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2550.
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This paper addresses the under representation of Black and minority ethnic (BME) sex
offenders in the sex offender treatment programme (SOTP) of the prisons of England and
Wales. The proportional over representation of BME men in the male sex offender
population of the prisons of England and Wales has been noted for at least ten years.
Similarly the under representation of BME sex offenders in prison treatment programmes
has been a cause for concern during the last decade. This paper presents current
demographic data relating to male BME sex offenders in the prisons of England and
Wales. The paper draws together a wide range of social and cultural theories to develop a
tripartite model for understanding the dynamics underlying the non-participation of BME
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Mitrano-Méda, Stéphanie. "Le mentorat entrepreneurial : application de la méthode des cas pour la modélisation de l'efficacité d'une relation tripartite". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1043.
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Le mentorat entrepreneurial est une forme d'accompagnement des entrepreneurs novices par des entrepreneurs plus expérimentés. Les premières recherches sur ce sujet ont essentiellement été concernées par la relation dyadique entre le mentor et le mentoré. Notre travail propose une vision intégrée de ce processus d'accompagnement dans sa dimension tripartite qui prend en compte le rôle de l'organisation tierce initiatrice du programme. Pour construire une modélisation synthétique du processus de mentorat entrepreneurial, nous mobilisons la méthode des cas pour effectuer une première analyse comparative des fonctions de l'organisation tierce dans sept programmes de mentorat en France. Cette analyse nous renseigne d'abord sur les huit fonctions de l'organisation tierce et leur impact sur la qualité de la relation de mentorat et le processus d'apprentissage des participants. La confrontation détaillée de ces résultats nous conduit finalement à proposer un modèle d'efficacité de la relation tripartite de mentorat entrepreneurialEntrepreneurial mentoring is a developmental relationship between an experienced entrepreneur and a novice entrepreneur. Research is still at its infancy on this subject and it is difficult to find a holistic and unified view of the mentoring process. We are missing this integrated and robust vision and it is our aim in this research to propose one. In a formal entrepreneurial mentoring programme, the relationship is tripartite between the entrepreneur-mentor, the entrepreneur-mentee and the third party organisation initiating the programme. To construct a synthetic model of the mentoring process, we use the case study method for a comparative analysis of seven French entrepreneurial mentoring programmes. We analyse the eight functions of the third party and their impact on the quality of the relationship as well as the participants' learning process. Confronting all these results has enabled us to construct an efficiency model for the tripartite relationship of entrepreneurial mentoring
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Griffiths, C. "The role of psychological inflexibility in the tripartite influence model for women : a single body image inflexibility pathway to disordered eating behaviours". Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/27739/.
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This study was conducted by conceptualising, designing and implementing new knowledge at the forefront of body image inflexibility (a construct derived from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)) and disordered eating. The study design was adjusted in the light of emergent issues and understandings. The thesis involved a review of the literature which investigated disordered eating and the factors known to influence disordered eating such as body image inflexibility. A critical understanding of the current state of knowledge in this field of theory and practice has been provided. Overall the literature review suggested that body image inflexibility is an important factor to examine when investigating the predictors of disordered eating behaviours. The current study involved the creation and interpretation of new knowledge through original research and advanced scholarship by using a quantitative online survey and latent structural equation modelling (SEM) to test an adapted version of the Tripartite Influence Model with the inclusion of body image inflexibility with 378 adult women. In the method, the range of study design methods and statistical analyses that were considered for this study were outlined. A rationale was provided for the chosen study design and statistical analysis, in order to demonstrate a critical understanding of the methodology of enquiry. The results identified that body image inflexibility represented a single pathway which fully mediated the relationship between women’s body image and their engagement in disordered eating behaviours. Body image inflexibility also fully mediated the relationships between internalisation of the thin ideal and disordered eating and between friend pressure and disordered eating. Perceived pressure to be thin from friends, partners, 15 family and the media also had distinct relationships in the model. Perceived pressure from friends was significantly related to body image inflexibility. Both pressure from partners and pressure from the media had direct relationships with internalisation of the thin ideal and also with disordered eating behaviours. Pressure from family had a direct relationship with body image. Internalisation of the thin ideal and body image had significant mediational roles in the model. Internalisation of the thin ideal fully mediated the relationship from partner pressure to body image inflexibility, from media pressure to body image inflexibility and from partner pressure to body image. Internalisation of the thin ideal partially mediated the relationship between media pressure and body image. Body image fully mediated the relationships between media pressure and body image inflexibility, and between family pressure and body image inflexibility. Body image partially mediated the relationship between internalisation of the thin ideal and body image inflexibility. The results have highlighted the importance of including body image inflexibility as a mediating variable in theoretical models of disordered eating and as a psychological construct to target in treatment interventions for disordered eating. In the discussion, an independent judgement of issues and ideas within the field of disordered eating and psychological flexibility research and practice was provided. Finally a critical reflection on the current study and its strengths and weaknesses was then outlined.
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Benitez, Andreana. "Executive Functioning Abilities are Differentially Associated with Anhedonic Depression and Anxious Arousal". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1276455545.
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Jain, Anjali Tanya. "Factors Predicting Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents in India". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami154134829484445.
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Hood, Kristina. "To Use or Not to Use: The Role of Affect and Cognition in Changing Attitudes toward Using Condoms among African American Women". VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/380.
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The current project involved three studies designed to examine which characteristics of persuasive communications change condom use attitudes. Study 1 investigated the effect of message type (affective versus cognitive) and source (male versus female) on attitude change among a sample of African American women attending college. In Study 1 (N = 146), the affective message and female source produced the most positive change in condom use attitudes. Study 2 examined whether message type and source were associated with favorable condom attitudes in a community sample and whether these findings differed from a college sample. Twenty-seven women participated in group discussions and completed measures of attitudes and intentions. Similar to Study 1, the pattern of means in Study 2 showed the affective message delivered by the female source resulted in the most positive condom use attitude change. These results were not significant likely due to the small sample. Focus groups were also conducted to better understand the types of condom use messages African American women find effective. Several themes emerged: condom used primarily for pregnancy prevention; negative condom use attitudes; communicating messages through internet, TV, and radio; creating fun, catchy, and informative messages; using celebrities and peers to deliver messages; and increasing the frequency of messages to equal importance of topic. The third study assessed the effectiveness of an attitude change pilot intervention that was based on the results of Studies 1 and 2. The study used a 2 (intervention vs. control) X 3 (pretest, posttest, follow-up) mixed factorial design to examine whether women’s attitudes changed after a pilot session and whether the change persisted over time. African American women (N = 115) were recruited through Craigslist and community agencies. There were no significant differences across time for the intervention and the control group. Reasons for the lack of an effect in Study 3 are discussed. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that, under certain conditions an affective message delivered by a female source can change attitudes toward using condoms. The results of these studies could potentially enhance existing interventions by renewing a focus on changing attitudes as well as behavior.
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Chance, Randie Christine. "Extensions of the Tripartite Integration Model of Social Influence (TIMSI): Using Explicit and Implicit Measures to Examine Ethnic Minority and Majority Student Academic Achievement". OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/743.
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The Tripartite Integration Model of Social Influence (TIMSI), is a revision of the classic Herbert Kelman theory of social influence and seeks to provide a theoretical foundation to better understand why racial/ethnic disparities continue to exist within higher education (Estrada, Woodcock, Hernandez, & Schultz, 2011). Using Kelman's model of compliance, identification, and internalization, this revised model suggests that students integrate into academia through these three orientations, renamed rule, role, and value. The rule orientation suggests that students are socialized into the academic community through feedback provided when the student succeeds, thus guiding performance. Through this feedback loop, students comply with the expectations of a student. Later the student will identify with this role and at this point, the individual's personal and academic identity begins to strongly overlap. Finally, students begin to internalize their student identity. At this point, the individual's values are the same as the values of a student. This process can be seen as a process of integration through social influence. The current study had two main purposes. The first purpose of the study was to determine whether or not the Implicit Associations Test (IAT) could successfully differentiate between the rule and value orientations. The second purpose of this study was to further develop the TIMSI model and determine how it applied to the samples in this study, using this new theory. African American, Latino, and white college students were recruited from two universities to complete a survey and an implicit measure of student identity. The current study examined the relationship between the TIMSI and the student identity IAT, as well as Academic Self-concept, Study Strategies, Coping Strategies, Implicit Theories of Intelligence, and Multi-Ethnic Identity. Results indicated that, as predicted, only value orientation was related to the student identity IAT. This study also examined differences in predictive models for GPA and institutional commitment based on race/ethnicity. Results of this study suggest there are significant differences based on race/ethnic groups in predicting GPA. For all groups, GPA was significantly predicted by Academic Self-concept, however, for the African American sample, the IAT score was also a significant predictor and for the Latino population, the Surface Processing Study Strategy was also a significant predictor. Conversely, role orientation was the sole predictor of institutional commitment across all racial/ethnic groups. Differences were also detected between race/ethnic groups in their rule orientation. Implications of these results are discussed in relation to efforts to enhance student retention and success.
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Bristedt, Sofia. "Våra bröder och systrar? : En intervjustudie om fem gymnasielärares attityder till grannspråksundervisning". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för svenska språket (SV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-99757.
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I undersökningen har en intervjustudie gjorts med syftet att beskriva verksamma svensklärares attityder till grannspråksundervisning. Två frågeställningar utgör utgångspunkt för studien och utreder lärarnas uppfattningar om grannspråksundervisningens möjligheter, svårigheter, och relevans. Fem svensklärare som är verksamma på gymnasiet intervjuades individuellt i semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet transkriberades och analyserades sedan utifrån en fenomenografisk analysmodell. Resultatet visar att de intervjuade lärarna upplever att det finns många möjligheter i grannspråksundervisningen och de aspekter som har påvisats är: varierade undervisningsmetoder, vikten av språkens gemensamma grund, grannspråken i allmänbildande syfte, språksociala frågor som utgångspunkt för undervisningen och kombination med andra delar av det centrala innehållet och kunskapskraven. Lärarna uttrycker likväl att det finns svårigheter i undervisningen och identifierade aspekter är: låg motivation hos elever, otillräcklig utbildning och marginaliserad tidsåtgång till momentet. Samtliga lärare uppfattar ämnesområdet som relevant med utgångspunkt i styrdokumenten. De motiverar även relevansen genom att framhäva den kulturella och språkliga gemenskapen, allmänbildningsaspekten och vikten av arbetet med språksociala frågor. Studien bidrar med ämnesdidaktiska implikationer som förhoppningsvis kan öka medvetenheten hos lärare om utvecklingsaspekter inom området. Problematiska aspekter har visserligen funnits i lärarnas undervisning men den underliggande problematiken finns i styrdokumentens förhållning till språkpolitiska dokument.
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Bresnahan, Robert D. "Virtue Ethics and Investment Advisors in the Canadian Financial Services Industry: An Application of Alasdair MacIntyre's Tripartite Model of Virtue Ethics and Moral Philosophy". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28610.
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Recent events in global capital markets have underscored the impotence of securities regulation and paucity of ethical behaviour. With the resurgence of virtue ethics it only seems appropriate that a concerted effort should be undertaken to apply this model to the financial services industry.
This thesis will apply Alasdair MacIntyre's tripartite notion of virtue ethics as explicated in his highly acclaimed work After Virtue to the role of the Investment Advisor in the Canadian financial services industry. MacIntyre's concepts of practice, narrative order of a single human life and the notion of tradition will be applied to the role of the Investment Advisor and the institutions that accommodate the profession. It will be concluded that MacIntyre's notions of practice and narrative order of a single human life is readily applicable but due to MacIntyre's profound criticism of capitalism, the notion of tradition is more difficult to incorporate comprehensively.
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Srivastava, Shweta Arpit. "Introducing Parasocial Relationships to Family Communication Scholarship: A Tripartite Model of Family Communication Patterns, Parental Management of Children’s Parasocial Relationships, and Parent-Child Bonding". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29874.
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PSRs are one-sided, emotionally-tinged relationships with media characters such as Peter Pan, Batman; Disney characters such as Mickey Mouse, Cinderella, and Mulan; and celebrities such as Justin Bieber, Rihanna, and Harry Stiles (Giles, 2000). This project situates children’s PSRs within the family communication environment by exploring the relationships between Family Communication Patterns (FCPs), parental management of PSRs, and perceptions of parent-child bonding.
Four parental management of PSRs behaviors, Guiding, Prohibiting, Supporting, and Neutrality, were studied with respect to the Conversation and Conformity orientations of FCPs. Parental management behaviors of Guiding, Prohibiting, and Supporting had significant impacts on perceptions of parent-child bonding, but Neutrality on its own did not have any significant influence. Guiding was manifested through the FCP path of Conformity instead of Conversation. Prohibiting had a strong inverse relationship with perceptions of parent-child bonding. Besides Conformity, Prohibiting also had a significant pathway through Conversation. Supporting had a strong and positive relationship with perceptions of parent-child bonding and a significant pathway through Conversation but not through Conformity. Although Neutrality on its own did not have a significant impact, it had a significant impact through Conformity.
Overall, this study fulfills its goal to look at the impact of parental communication behaviors on perceptions of the parent-child relationship. In the context of PSRs, parental communication about managing children’s PSRs is significantly related to the perceptions of parent-child bonding, and the impact of these micro communication behaviors is mediated by the overarching communication environment. Therefore, this study recommends that PSRs can be introduced to the mainstream discussion of interpersonal relationships such that family communication scholarship can explore the role of PSRs beyond media effects.
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Kurland, Lindsey. "Understanding the Public's Attitudes Toward Tissue Donation: A Multi-Method Approach". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3014.
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The impact of deceased tissue donation and transplantation is far-reaching; however, little is known about the public’s attitudes towards tissue donation. Siminoff, Traino, and Gordon (2010) found that families’ attitudes towards tissue donation were a significant predictor of consent; specifically, families that were initially favorable towards tissue donation were more likely to donate their loved ones tissues than families that were initially unfavorable towards tissue donation. Using a qualitative coding approach and the Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure (affective, behavioral, and cognitive attitude components) as a conceptual framework, families’ expressed attitudes toward tissue donation were extracted from N=240 audiorecordings of past tissue donation requests from 16 different OPOs. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=14 Tissue Requesters from LifeNet Health in Virginia Beach, Virginia about their perceptions of families’ attitudes. Together, 14 attitude domains and 34 subdomains were derived from the families’ expressed attitudes. Several multivariate analyses were performed. After controlling for time spent discussing tissue donation and confusion between tissues and organs, affective attitudes were significantly different among three FDM initial response groups (favorable, unsure, and unfavorable). Further, the attitude domains “donation invokes positive emotion” and “pro-donation behaviors” were the best discriminators of FDM groups. Suggestions for educational interventions were discussed.
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Gunnarsson, Filip, i Ali Khan Francois Mirza. "The Effects of VR on Consumer Attitudes : Lessons from Implementing VR Technologies in Real Estate Marketing". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414757.
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Virtual Reality (VR) has gained tremendous interest within the last decades and is rapidlybecoming a disruptive marketing tool across all industries. Predictions show that the VR marketis expected to reach a staggering US$120 billion by 2026 (Fortune Business Insights, 2019).While previous research has investigated the impact of VR on consumer attitudes, theconnection between its immersive characteristic, i.e. telepresence (Steuer, 1992), and thecomplexity of consumer attitudes (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993), is still relatively unknown. Hence,this paper addresses the discrepancy in extant literature by applying a qualitative researchapproach. We conduct in-depth interviews using a quasi-experiment design, displaying anapartment through 2D (pictures) and followingly 3D stimuli (VR). The increased telepresencefrom VR and its impact on participants’ responses towards the apartment is thereby captured.Results show that both technological variables of telepresence (vividness & interactivity) arepositively influential in the three-dimensional spectrum of consumer responses (affective,cognitive & conative). Moreover, this study reveals that telepresence contributes to enhancedproduct knowledge, produces a hedonic experience and aids in decision-making. Conclusively,managerial recommendations are provided, detailing aspects to consider before implementingsuch immersive technologies.
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MIRZA, ALI KHAN FRANCOIS, i FILIP GUNNARSSON. "The Effects of VR on Consumer Attitudes – Lessons from Implementing VR Technologies in Real Estate Marketing". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414977.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Virtual Reality (VR) has gained tremendous interest within the last decades and is rapidly becoming a disruptive marketing tool across all industries. Predictions show that the VR market is expected to reach a staggering US$120 billion by 2026 (Fortune Business Insights, 2019). While previous research has investigated the impact of VR on consumer attitudes, the connection between its immersive characteristic, i.e. telepresence (Steuer, 1992), and the complexity of consumer attitudes (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993), is still relatively unknown. Hence, this paper addresses the discrepancy in extant literature by applying a qualitative research approach. We conduct in-depth interviews using a quasi-experiment design, displaying an apartment through 2D (pictures) and followingly 3D stimuli (VR). The increased telepresence from VR and its impact on participants’ responses towards the apartment is thereby captured. Results show that both technological variables of telepresence (vividness & interactivity) are positively influential in the three-dimensional spectrum of consumer responses (affective, cognitive & conative). Moreover, this study reveals that telepresence contributes to enhanced product knowledge, produces a hedonic experience and aids in decision-making. Conclusively, managerial recommendations are provided, detailing aspects to consider before implementing such immersive technologies.
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Sirois, Fuschia M., Loren Toussaint, Jameson K. Hirsch, Niko Kohls, Annemarie Weber i Martin Offenbächer. "Trying to Be Perfect in an Imperfect World: A Person-Centred Test of Perfectionism and Health in Fibromyalgia Patients Versus Healthy Controls". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2787.
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The Stress and Coping Cyclical Amplification Model of Perfectionism in Illness posits, that in the context of a chronic illness, both perfectionistic strivings and concerns contribute to poor health outcomes. Similarly, person-centred models, such as the tripartite model of perfectionism, claim that high levels of both perfectionism concerns and strivings reflect an “unhealthy” perfectionism that takes a toll on well-being. To date there are few comparative tests of these models for physical and mental health outcomes in healthy versus chronically ill individuals. The aim of the current study was to investigate the implications of perfectionism for health by testing how within-person combinations of perfectionism varied in relation to health outcomes, and between fibromyalgia patients (n = 89) and healthy controls (n = 123). Supporting both models, within-person combinations of high perfectionistic strivings and concerns were associated with high stress and poor mental and physical health compared to other within-person combinations. These links were more robust for fibromyalgia patients compared to controls, and stress mediated the association with physical health outcomes only for the fibromyalgia patients. Findings support the value of taking a person-centred approach for understanding how perfectionistic strivings contributes to poor health in the context of chronic illness.
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Clément, Franz. "Les relations professionnelles tripartites : le cas du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0748/document.
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La thèse porte sur le système tripartite de relations professionnelles du Grand Duché de Luxembourg, regroupant les autorités publiques ainsi que les organisations syndicales et patronales. Elle se pose deux questions. Dans quelle mesure on peut parler d’un modèle de relations professionnelles propre au Luxembourg ? Ce modèle relève-t-il ou non du type consociatif tel que théorisé par Arendt LIJPHART ? Il s’agit d’une étude de cas portant sur un seul pays.La thèse est divisée en six chapitres. Le premier présente le Luxembourg et ses relations professionnelles. Le second porte sur l’évolution de deux institutions importantes des relations professionnelles. Le troisième présente les théories mobilisées dans le cadre de la thèse. Les chapitres 4, 5 et 6 consistent en une analyse des principaux éléments de la théorie de LIJPHART appliquée aux relations professionnelles tripartites luxembourgeoises. Les conclusions répondent aux questions posées ci-dessusThe thesis is about the tripartite system of professional relations of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, amalgamating the public authorities as well as the trade-union and employers’ organisations. The thesis asks itself two questions. To which extend can we speak of a model of professional relations proper to Luxembourg ? Is this model answerable or not to the consociative type as theorized by Arend LIJPHART ? It is about a case study concerning one single country. The thesis is devided into six chapters. The first one presents Luxembourg and its professional relations. The second one is about the evolution of two important institutions of the professional relations. The third one presents the theories mobilized in the scope of the thesis. The chapters 4, 5, and 6 are composed of an analysis of the main elements of the LIJPHART theory applied to the tripartite professional relations of Luxembourg. The conclusions answer the above-mentioned questions
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Nguyen, Tien Hai. "Human ecological analysis of land and forest use by the Hmong people for harmonising with the governmental reforestation program in Vietnam". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1243238950837-21245.
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In parallel with land devolution, the Government of Vietnam has launched reforestation programs aiming to increase the forest cover of the country and to improve the living of local population. In this context, conflicts between the state and local people over land and forest have been entailed or even intensified. To be successful, restoration must „fit‟ with ongoing local patterns of land and forest use. In the uplands of Vietnam, it is recognised that understanding of the current land and forest use by ethnic minority groups is crucial for objective oriented development of land and forest management. However, such understanding is lacking to a wide extent. This research looks into the current land and forest use by the Hmong people and tries to elaborate scenario for harmonising the governmental reforestation program with local patterns of land and forest use. The conceptual framework of the research is adapted from the Human Ecosystem Model (Machlis et al., 1997). For this study, both case study and survey are conducted. Three Hmong villages considered as three cases are selected based on predetermined criteria. In each of the selected villages, a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, including Rapid Rural Appraisal, Land Use Inventory, Forest Inventory and Household Survey, is employed to capture the required data sets. The study results show the current patterns of land and forest use by the Hmong people in their village territories for their subsistence. Land use is virtually shaped by the physical attributes of the land and closely related to elements of the critical resources and the social system at the village, such as population, production tools, cropping seasons, wealth and knowledge. There are also close links between tree/forest use and the elements of the critical resources and the social system at the village, such as extraction tools, belief in Gods, extracting seasons, gender and local knowledge. Furthermore, following cultural traditions, the uses of forests customarily claimed either by individual households or by individual clans or by the village as a whole are strictly regulated by the system of customary tenure, customary and locally developed rules, and traditional and village institutions rather than the system of formal tenure, rules and institutions. However, the informal system has not been officially recognised by the state yet. The governmental reforestation project has been followed top-down approach, not taking into account the local reality. The project has brought about no tangible benefits to the villagers in terms of cash, forest products and others. Instead, conflicts between the state institutions and the villagers over land and forest have arisen. Lack of the villagers‟ participation in planning and decision-making concerning the project is the main reason explaining the conflict situations. It is posited that participatory planning of the project at village level can help to harmonise the project with local pattern of land and forest use. The human ecosystem model serves to integrate data related to concerned variables, and has been used as the basis for the elaboration of the harmonising scenario. Besides the involvement of the state/state institutions and the villagers/village institutions, involvement of a mediator as a third party seems to be helpful to harmonise the contrary positions of the two principle parties with regard to the use and management of land and forest resourcesIm Zuge der Dezentralisierung für den Bereich der Landnutzung hat die Regierung Vietnams Programme zur Wiederaufforstung initiiert, die auf Erweiterung der Waldbedeckung und Verbesserung des Lebens lokaler dörflicher Bevölkerung abzielen. In diesem Zusammenhang traten jedoch Konflikte zwischen Staat und lokaler Bevölkerung zu Tage oder bestehende Konfliktsituationen haben sich verstärkt. Programme der Wiederbegründung von Wald können nur erfolgreich sein, wenn sie mit aktuellen lokalen Mustern der Land- und Waldnutzung abgestimmt sind. In den Berggebieten Vietnams ist das Verständnis der Land- und Waldnutzung durch ethnische Minderheiten von zentraler Bedeutung für die zielorientierte Entwicklung der Bewirtschaftung von Land und Wald. Bisher fehlt das entsprechende Verständnis weitgehend. Vorliegende Forschung erkundet die derzeitige Land- und Waldnutzung der ethnischen Gruppe der Hmong. Ein Szenario zur Harmonisierung des staatlichen Aufforstungsprogramms mit lokaler Land- und Waldnutzung wird erarbeitet. Das konzeptionelle Vorgehen folgt dem Human Ecosystem Model (HEM) nach Machlis et al. (1997). Die Forschung umfasst Fallstudie und Survey. Drei Hmong-Dörfer repräsentieren drei Fallstudien, die auf der Grundlage vorbestimmter Kriterien ausgewählt wurden. In jedem der Dörfer wurden die erforderlichen Datensätze durch ein Mix von qualitativen und quantitativen Methoden wie Rapid Rural Appraisal, Landnutzungsinventur, Waldinventur und Befragung der Haushalte erhoben. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen die derzeitigen Muster von Land- und Waldnutzung der Hmong in den Territorien ihrer Dörfer mit Orientierung auf Sicherung des Lebens. Die Landnutzung ist wesentlich bestimmt durch die natürlichen Eigenschaften des Landes und eng gebunden an Elemente der „kritischen Ressourcen“ und des „sozialen Systems“ auf Dorfebene wie Demografie, Geräte der Produktion, Wachstumsperioden, Wohlstand und Wissen. Gleiches gilt für die Waldnutzung mit dem Beziehungsgefüge zwischen Nutzung und Elementen der „kritischen Ressourcen“ sowie des „sozialen Systems“ im Dorf wie Gerät für die Ernte, Glaube an Gottheiten, Erntezeiträume, Geschlechter und lokales Wissen. Im Weiteren erfolgt die Waldnutzung vor allem auf traditioneller Grundlage durch Haushalte, Clans oder Dorfgemeinschaften entsprechend strikter Regelung im Rahmen des Gewohnheitsrechts, des traditionellen Besitzes, traditioneller und lokal entwickelter Regeln, traditioneller und anderer dörflicher Institutionen im Vergleich zu formalem Besitz, formalen Regeln und Institutionen. Allerdings ist das informelle System staatlich bis jetzt nicht anerkannt. Das staatliche Wiederaufforstungsprojekt folgt dem typischen top-down Verfahren ohne Beachtung der lokalen Realität. Das Projekt erbrachte keine nennneswerten Vorteile für die Dorfbewohner in Form von Geld, Waldprodukten o. a. Im Gegenteil, es haben sich Konflikte zwischen den staatlichen Institutionen und den Dorfbewohnern um Land und Wald ergeben. Fehlende lokale Beteiligung an Projektplanung und Entscheidungsfindung erklären die Konfliktsituation. Es ist zu schlussfolgern, dass partizipative Planung auf Dorfebene helfen kann, das Projekt mit den lokalen Bedingungen von Land- und Waldnutzung zu harmonisieren. Das Human Ecosystem Model diente dazu, relevante Variable zu integrieren und wurde als Grundlage für die Erarbeitung des Szenarios zur Harmonisierung genutzt. Neben dem Staat und den Dörfern wird die Beteiligung eines Mediatoren als dritter Partei für die Harmoniserung der gegensätzlichen Positionen der zwei wichtigen Interessengruppen zu Nutzung und Management von Land- und Waldressourcen als nützlich erachtet
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Harbaugh, Casaundra N. "The Interaction Between Positive and Negative Temperament in Anxiety and Depression: Examples From the Tripartite, Big Five, and Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Models". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250528268.
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Cheung, Shui Ha Ruby. "Structural equation models of self-discrepancy theory : tripartite relationships of domain-specific, perspective-specific self-discrepancies to psychological maladjustment and life satisfaction with self-esteem as mediator". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/726.
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Hitchcock, Yvonne Roslyn. "Elliptic curve cryptography for lightweight applications". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15838/1/Yvonne_Hitchcock_Thesis.pdf.
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Elliptic curves were first proposed as a basis for public key cryptography in the mid 1980's. They provide public key cryptosystems based on the difficulty of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) , which is so called because of its similarity to the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) over the integers modulo a large prime. One benefit of elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECCs) is that they can use a much shorter key length than other public key cryptosystems to provide an equivalent level of security. For example, 160 bit ECCs are believed to provide about the same level of security as 1024 bit RSA. Also, the level of security provided by an ECC increases faster with key size than for integer based discrete logarithm (dl) or RSA cryptosystems. ECCs can also provide a faster implementation than RSA or dl systems, and use less bandwidth and power. These issues can be crucial in lightweight applications such as smart cards. In the last few years, ECCs have been included or proposed for inclusion in internationally recognized standards. Thus elliptic curve cryptography is set to become an integral part of lightweight applications in the immediate future. This thesis presents an analysis of several important issues for ECCs on lightweight devices. It begins with an introduction to elliptic curves and the algorithms required to implement an ECC. It then gives an analysis of the speed, code size and memory usage of various possible implementation options. Enough details are presented to enable an implementer to choose for implementation those algorithms which give the greatest speed whilst conforming to the code size and ram restrictions of a particular lightweight device. Recommendations are made for new functions to be included on coprocessors for lightweight devices to support ECC implementations Another issue of concern for implementers is the side-channel attacks that have recently been proposed. They obtain information about the cryptosystem by measuring side-channel information such as power consumption and processing time and the information is then used to break implementations that have not incorporated appropriate defences. A new method of defence to protect an implementation from the simple power analysis (spa) method of attack is presented in this thesis. It requires 44% fewer additions and 11% more doublings than the commonly recommended defence of performing a point addition in every loop of the binary scalar multiplication algorithm. The algorithm forms a contribution to the current range of possible spa defences which has a good speed but low memory usage. Another topic of paramount importance to ECCs for lightweight applications is whether the security of fixed curves is equivalent to that of random curves. Because of the inability of lightweight devices to generate secure random curves, fixed curves are used in such devices. These curves provide the additional advantage of requiring less bandwidth, code size and processing time. However, it is intuitively obvious that a large precomputation to aid in the breaking of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) can be made for a fixed curve which would be unavailable for a random curve. Therefore, it would appear that fixed curves are less secure than random curves, but quantifying the loss of security is much more difficult. The thesis performs an examination of fixed curve security taking this observation into account, and includes a definition of equivalent security and an analysis of a variation of Pollard's rho method where computations from solutions of previous ECDLPs can be used to solve subsequent ECDLPs on the same curve. A lower bound on the expected time to solve such ECDLPs using this method is presented, as well as an approximation of the expected time remaining to solve an ECDLP when a given size of precomputation is available. It is concluded that adding a total of 11 bits to the size of a fixed curve provides an equivalent level of security compared to random curves. The final part of the thesis deals with proofs of security of key exchange protocols in the Canetti-Krawczyk proof model. This model has been used since it offers the advantage of a modular proof with reusable components. Firstly a password-based authentication mechanism and its security proof are discussed, followed by an analysis of the use of the authentication mechanism in key exchange protocols. The Canetti-Krawczyk model is then used to examine secure tripartite (three party) key exchange protocols. Tripartite key exchange protocols are particularly suited to ECCs because of the availability of bilinear mappings on elliptic curves, which allow more efficient tripartite key exchange protocols.
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Hitchcock, Yvonne Roslyn. "Elliptic Curve Cryptography for Lightweight Applications". Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15838/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Elliptic curves were first proposed as a basis for public key cryptography in the mid 1980's. They provide public key cryptosystems based on the difficulty of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) , which is so called because of its similarity to the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) over the integers modulo a large prime. One benefit of elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECCs) is that they can use a much shorter key length than other public key cryptosystems to provide an equivalent level of security. For example, 160 bit ECCs are believed to provide about the same level of security as 1024 bit RSA. Also, the level of security provided by an ECC increases faster with key size than for integer based discrete logarithm (dl) or RSA cryptosystems. ECCs can also provide a faster implementation than RSA or dl systems, and use less bandwidth and power. These issues can be crucial in lightweight applications such as smart cards. In the last few years, ECCs have been included or proposed for inclusion in internationally recognized standards. Thus elliptic curve cryptography is set to become an integral part of lightweight applications in the immediate future. This thesis presents an analysis of several important issues for ECCs on lightweight devices. It begins with an introduction to elliptic curves and the algorithms required to implement an ECC. It then gives an analysis of the speed, code size and memory usage of various possible implementation options. Enough details are presented to enable an implementer to choose for implementation those algorithms which give the greatest speed whilst conforming to the code size and ram restrictions of a particular lightweight device. Recommendations are made for new functions to be included on coprocessors for lightweight devices to support ECC implementations Another issue of concern for implementers is the side-channel attacks that have recently been proposed. They obtain information about the cryptosystem by measuring side-channel information such as power consumption and processing time and the information is then used to break implementations that have not incorporated appropriate defences. A new method of defence to protect an implementation from the simple power analysis (spa) method of attack is presented in this thesis. It requires 44% fewer additions and 11% more doublings than the commonly recommended defence of performing a point addition in every loop of the binary scalar multiplication algorithm. The algorithm forms a contribution to the current range of possible spa defences which has a good speed but low memory usage. Another topic of paramount importance to ECCs for lightweight applications is whether the security of fixed curves is equivalent to that of random curves. Because of the inability of lightweight devices to generate secure random curves, fixed curves are used in such devices. These curves provide the additional advantage of requiring less bandwidth, code size and processing time. However, it is intuitively obvious that a large precomputation to aid in the breaking of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) can be made for a fixed curve which would be unavailable for a random curve. Therefore, it would appear that fixed curves are less secure than random curves, but quantifying the loss of security is much more difficult. The thesis performs an examination of fixed curve security taking this observation into account, and includes a definition of equivalent security and an analysis of a variation of Pollard's rho method where computations from solutions of previous ECDLPs can be used to solve subsequent ECDLPs on the same curve. A lower bound on the expected time to solve such ECDLPs using this method is presented, as well as an approximation of the expected time remaining to solve an ECDLP when a given size of precomputation is available. It is concluded that adding a total of 11 bits to the size of a fixed curve provides an equivalent level of security compared to random curves. The final part of the thesis deals with proofs of security of key exchange protocols in the Canetti-Krawczyk proof model. This model has been used since it offers the advantage of a modular proof with reusable components. Firstly a password-based authentication mechanism and its security proof are discussed, followed by an analysis of the use of the authentication mechanism in key exchange protocols. The Canetti-Krawczyk model is then used to examine secure tripartite (three party) key exchange protocols. Tripartite key exchange protocols are particularly suited to ECCs because of the availability of bilinear mappings on elliptic curves, which allow more efficient tripartite key exchange protocols.
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Santandreu, Oliver Marta. "Psicopatología, emotividad negativa y desadaptación en mujeres víctimas de violencia de género". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/287519.
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La violencia contra las mujeres constituye un grave problema que causa una evidente alarma social y que compromete seriamente la salud física y psicológica de las mujeres y la de sus hijas e hijos. El objetivo general de esta tesis doctoral por compendio de publicaciones es conocer los fenómenos psicológicos que explican las causas y consecuencias de la psicopatología asociada que padecen un conjunto de mujeres víctimas de violencia de género que acudieron al servicio de asistencia psicológica. El tratamiento psicológico aplicado es estandarizado y enmarcado en el servicio público del Institut Balear de la Dona.
En un primer formato de artículo de investigación, se evalúa un programa de tratamiento cognitivo conductual para el trastorno de estrés postraumático en mujeres que han padecido violencia de género, analizando, al mismo tiempo, si esa eficacia se relaciona con características demográficas de las mujeres que han padecido la violencia o con el tipo de maltrato recibido. El tratamiento fue efectivo para un 85% de la muestra respecto a sintomatología postraumática (TEPT). En cuanto a síntomas depresivos, se mostró efectivo entre un 55 y 75%.
A continuación, y como segunda investigación incluida en la tesis, se valora la efectividad de un tratamiento grupal para la mejora de la autoestima de un conjunto de mujeres que han padecido violencia de género. Los resultados obtenidos en este segundo trabajo nos permiten afirmar que la intervención aplicada constituye un nuevo recurso terapéutico que es complementario a otros tratamientos específicos (individual o grupal) si se requiere según la gravedad clínica del cuadro, aunque exclusivamente centrado en la autoestima desde la perspectiva de género.
En un tercer artículo de investigación, se pretende conocer el papel que la emotividad negativa (y, específicamente, la culpa y la ira) desempeñan en la respuesta (inadaptada) de las mujeres víctimas a la violencia de género. En relación al sentimiento de culpa, los datos obtenidos muestran que un 62% de las mujeres que padecieron violencia manifestó sentir esta emoción. Respecto al sentimiento de ira, hemos encontrado que existen diferencias significativas entre los grupos en la ira como rasgo de personalidad para las que han padecido maltrato físico. Un dato especialmente llamativo es cómo expresan la ira las mujeres que han padecido violencia, pues, hemos observado que la expresión interna (supresión del afecto) es mayor en el grupo de mujeres que han padecido violencia física que en el resto de la muestra de estudio. Por último, se analiza una terapia cognitivo conductual y definida anteriormente aplicada a un caso clínico individual. Se observó sintomatología postraumática, depresiva y baja autoestima. Se plantean nuevos objetivos de tratamiento tras la comunicación del suicidio consumado por parte del maltratador. Se observa una modificación en la psicopatología previa observada en la víctima: disminuyen ligeramente los síntomas depresivos y la baja autoestima (aunque siguen siendo graves y requieren intervención), y se reduce más notoriamente la sintomatología postraumática.La violència contra les dones constitueix un greu problema que causa una evident alarma social i que compromet seriosament la salut física i psicològica de les dones i la de les seves filles i fills. L’objectiu general d’aquesta tesi doctoral per compendi de publicacions és conèixer els fenòmens psicològics que expliquen les causes i conseqüències de la psicopatologia associada que pateixen un conjunt de dones víctimes de violència de gènere que varen acudir al servei d’assistència psicològica. El tractament psicològic aplicat és estandarditzat i emmarcat en el servei públic de l’Institut Balear de la Dona. En un primer format d’article d’investigació, s’avalua un programa de tractament cognitiu conductual per el trastorn d’estrès posttraumàtic en dones que han patit violència de gènere, analitzant, alhora, si aquesta eficàcia es relaciona amb característiques demogràfiques concretes o amb el tipus de violència patida. Pel que fa a la simptomatologia posttraumàtica, el tractament fou efectiu per un 85% de la mostra. Per els símptomes depressius, es va trobar una efectivitat entre el 55 i 75%. A continuació, i com segona investigació inclosa en la tesi, es valora l’efectivitat d’un tractament grupal per a la millora de l’autoestima en un conjunt de dones que han patit violència de gènere. Els resultats obtinguts en aquest segon treball ens permeten afirmar que la intervenció aplicada constitueix un nou recurs terapèutic que és complementa a altres tractament específics (individual o grupal) si es requereix segons la gravetat clínica dels símptomes, malgrat sigui exclusivament treballant l’autoestima des de una perspectiva de gènere. En un tercer article d’investigació, es pretén conèixer el paper que l’emotivitat negativa (la culpa i la ira) compleix en la resposta (inadaptada) de les dones víctimes de violència de gènere. En relació al sentiment de culpa, les dades obtingudes mostren que un 62% de dones mostraren aquesta emoció. Pel que fa al sentiment d’ira, hem trobat que existeixen diferències significatives entre els grups en la ira com a tret de personalitat per aquelles dones que han patit maltractament físic. Una dada que pren importància és com expressen la ira les dones que han patit violència, doncs, hem observat que l’expressió interna (supressió de l’afecte), és major en el grup de dones que han patit violència que les de la resta de l’estudi. Per acabar, s’analitza una teràpia cognitiva conductual, definida anteriorment, aplicada a un cas clínic individual. Es va observar simptomatologia posttraumàtica, depressiva i baixa autoestima. Es plantegen nous objectius de tractament després de la comunicació del suïcidi consumat per part del maltractador. S’observa una modificació en la psicopatologia prèvia observada en la víctima: disminueixen lleugerament els símptomes depressius i la baixa autoestima (malgrat segueixen essent greus i requereixen intervenció), i es redueix més significativament la simptomatologia posttraumàtica.
Intimate partner violence is a serious problem that causes an obvious alarm and involves physical and psychological health problems to women and their children. The aim of this thesis by articles compendium is to recognize psychological phenomena that explain the causes and consequences of the associated psychopathology suffered by women victims of gender violence attending to a psychological public service. Therapy applied is a standardized treatment from Balearic Institute of Women. In a first research paper, a cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) is assessed by analyzing, at the same time, if the efficiency is related to demographics of women who suffered intimate partner violence. The treatment was effective in 85% of the sample for PTSD symptoms. Regarding depression was effective between 55 and 75%. As a second research, the effectiveness of a group treatment for enhancing women self-esteem was analyzed. The results showed that this kind of intervention is a new therapeutic resource to other specific treatments if required according to the clinical severity of symptoms, but only focused on the self-esteem from the gender perspective. In a third research article, we pretend to understand how negative emotion (guilt and anger) is shown in cases of women victims of intimate partner violence. Regarding guilt, 62% of our sample felt this emotion. In relation to anger, we found significant differences between groups, especially anger as a trait in women who suffered from her partners. A particularly striking feature is how battered women expressed anger. We observed that internal expression of anger (the deletion of this affection) is higher in this group of women than the rest of the study sample. Finally, cognitive behavioral therapy defined above was applied to an individual case study. Posttraumatic symptoms, depression and low self-esteem was observed. New treatment targets arise after disclosure of suicide committed by the perpetrator. A change is observed in the preliminary victim psychopathology: slightly decrease depressive symptoms and low self-esteem (although still require intervention), and most notably reduces posttraumatic symptomatology.
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"Testing a tripartite model of parenting and children's achievement". 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893214.
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Cheung, Sin Sze.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-63).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.i
摘要(Abstract in Chinese) --- p.ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv
Chapter CHAPTER I: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
A Tripartite Model of Parenting --- p.1
Component 1：Parenting Goals and Values --- p.4
Component 2：Parenting Style --- p.5
Component 3：Parenting Practices --- p.6
Interim Summary --- p.7
Measurement Issues --- p.8
Comparing Alternatives --- p.9
Inter-Observer Agreement --- p.11
Overview of the Present Study --- p.12
Chapter CHAPTER II: --- METHOD --- p.14
Participants and Procedure --- p.14
Measures --- p.14
Chapter CHPAPTER III: --- RESULTS --- p.18
Preliminary Analyses --- p.18
Informants' Characteristics on the Parenting Measures --- p.25
Testing for Construct Validity：The mtmm Approach --- p.29
Comparing Measurement Models：Tests on Parent Reports --- p.34
Comparing Measurement Models：Tests on Child Reports --- p.36
Structural Models --- p.38
Moderating Role of Parenting Emotional Climate --- p.41
Chapter CHPATER IV: --- DISCUSSION --- p.43
Cross-Informant Characteristics --- p.43
Desegregating Parenting Concepts --- p.45
Process/Directionality of Influences --- p.47
Parenting Style as a Distal Source of Influence --- p.50
Understanding Chinese Academic Socialization --- p.51
"Implications, Limitations, and Future Directions" --- p.53
REFERENCES --- p.56
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Jin, Edmund Liaw Chong, i 廖崇駿. "ALL BY MYSELF OR OURSELVES? THE TRIPARTITE MODEL OF IDENTIFICATION IN VIRTUAL COMMUNITY". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60551617999237549674.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
管理研究所
100
Identification is a primary psychological substrate which ultimately benefits community and members within. This research presents an empirical test of identification process in the context of virtual community (online brand community). It investigates the tripartite model of identification and intends to find out what the antecedents and consequences of identity-related identification (individual level), relational identification (interpersonal level) and collective identification (collective identification) are. The model of this research asserts that collective identification towards a virtual community is induced by both identity-related identification and relational identification. In turn, it is expected that collective identification will impact both co-consumption and co-production. This model was tested in the context of camera Taiwanese fans clubs. The results indicated that members do identify with their belonged virtual community through the effects of relational identification and identity-related identification and the collective identification positively impact both co-consumption and co-production. The research also validated that identity similarity, identity distinctiveness and identity prestige are accounted as antecedents of the virtual community’s identity attractiveness meanwhile identity prestige is the most influential factor. In addition, identity attractiveness triggers identification from all levels. Furthermore, the three abovementioned antecedents are shaped by the members within as a whole, not the enduring features of the community itself. Besides, offline activities and enjoyability positively affect relational identification, on the other hand, leader enthusiasm is negatively related with relational identification.
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Schmid, Sabine P. "Symptom dimensions of depression over the course of treatment an application of the tripartite model /". Diss., 2005. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-07292005-020822/.
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Dias, Filipa Alexandra Cardoso. "O compromisso moral nas relações amorosas". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11980.
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O principal objetivo deste estudo foi construir um novo instrumento, através de outros já existentes, que permitisse medir o constructo do compromisso moral nas relações amorosas. Esta investigação baseou-se no Modelo Tripartido de Johnson, que revela que o compromisso se divide em três dimensões: o pessoal, o moral e o estrutural; e no Modelo de Investimento de Rusbult que apresenta dimensões relacionadas com a satisfação na relação, o tamanho dos investimentos, as qualidades alternativas e por fim o nível de compromisso. Para o presente estudo foi utilizada uma amostra de 536 participantes e a escala criada, Moral Obligation, apresentou um total de 38 itens. Inicialmente foram realizadas análises fatoriais exploratórias com rotação promax, tendo sido retidos 31 itens agregados em 4 dimensões: pressão social e manutenção da relação, as perspetivas e consequências da separação e do abandono do parceiro, a tolerância e compreensão face ao parceiro e ao relacionamento e os valores de consistência. A escala demonstrou uma boa validade de construto e índices apropriados de fidelidade (alfas de cronbach > 0.68). Posteriormente foi realizada uma proposta de Short-Scale de modo a possibilitar uma aplicação mais rápida e simples. Esta proposta foi também testada, demonstrando boa validade de construto e boa fidelidade (alfas de cronbach > 0.66). Testou-se a sensibilidade das dimensões das escalas, de acordo com o sexo, a coabitação e a filiação e no fim verificou-se a validade convergente com as dimensões da escala do Modelo de Investimento de Rusbult. Por último, na conclusão, analisam-se os resultados à luz da teoria, propondo-se novas linhas de investigação que podem ser realizadas a partir destas escalas.The main goal of this investigation was to develop a new scale using existing measures to allow the adequate measurement of moral commitment in romantic relationships – the Moral Obligation scale. This investigation was based on Johnson’s Tripartite Model, that shows three different types of commitment: personal, moral and structural; and also on Rusbult’s Investment Model that is focused on relationship satisfaction, size of the investments, quality of alternative and also level of commitment. A total of 536 participants were used as sample for this study and the new scale – Moral Obligation – has a total of 38 items. The exploratory factor analyses were conducted using promax rotation, revealing four different dimensions: social pressure and relationship maintenance, perspectives and consequences due to the separation and abandonment of the partner, tolerance and comprehension towards the partner and the relationship, and consistency values. The scale shows good internal consistency levels (cronbach’s alphas > 0.68). Afterwards, a Short-Scale was devised in order to allow a faster and easier application. A reasonable internal consistency was obtained after analyzing the Short-Scale results (cronbach’s alphas > 0.66), while the previously found dimensions were maintained. The sensibility of the dimensions was tested according to gender, cohabitation and filiation in both scales. At the end the convergent validity of the Moral Obligation scale was verified with Rusbult’s Investment Model scale dimensions. In the conclusions, results are discussed at the light of the existing theory, and new avenues of investigation are proposed, as well as potential uses of the Moral Obligation scale.
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WU, HSIN-YUN, i 吳心韻. "A Multicultural Music Education in cultural perspectives─Accordance with Merriam's “tripartite model of music” and Elliott's “paraxial philosophy”". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bd6z6r.
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碩士國立臺南大學
音樂學系碩士在職專班
107
After declaring Taiwan martial law ended and arousing the local awareness in the 1980s, Taiwan listed the developments of multicultural curriculum as one of the important reforms. According to the provisions of the UNESCO Convention and the International Society for Music Education, “diversity” does not provide students with many different things to know and learn. It is to remove the judgements to others from a single angle, and as well to remove the "ethnocentrism." Most of Taiwan's current multicultural music education regards music as sounds. Going through various curriculum designs and music teaching methods, teachers allow students to learn the elements of western music of the sounds in other cultures, and treat other’s music cultures simply in an outsider's view. However, western music should be part of the world music, not a benchmark to evaluate music. This study suggests that if music can be regarded as culture, which follows the “tripartite model of music” brought by the Ethnomusicology scholar Alan P. Merriam that music is composed of the "concept, behavior, and sound" of human cultures. Moreover, the music education philosopher David J. Elliott argues that" MUSIC is a group of diverse human practices"; therefore, students can understand the meaning of music varies from thoughts and conducts of different "humans". Eventually, they learn what music means to different people and finally understand and respect the music of others. Therefore, based on the tripartite model of music and paraxial philosophy, this paper points out that multicultural music education must first clarify the perspectives of insiders and outsiders. Secondly, use the fieldwork method of the ethnomusicology research. Next, recover the cultural contexts, and the following is to take the paraxial philosophy as a blueprint for the instructional programs. Finally, in accordance with the above four suggestions to design some teaching cases for the references. Think carefully about the issues in multicultural music education from the perspective of ethical responsibility.
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趙小瑩. "Development and item response analysis of the postive,negative and physiological hyperarousal scales:investigation on the tripartite model of anxiety and depression". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62948164431410466123.
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Labonté, Thalie. "Le lien entre la compétition intrasexuelle et la recherche de minceur chez les jeunes femmes : le cas de l’anorexie mentale selon une perspective évolutionniste". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19125.
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Diverses disciplines se sont intéressées à l’anorexie mentale au cours des dernières décennies et ont proposé différents modèles pour l’expliquer. Celui qui domine actuellement, le modèle biopsychosocial, permet de comprendre comment cette problématique se met en place au niveau proximal. Toutefois, une question perdure : existe-t-il une fonction biologique à ce trouble? Il s‘agit de l’énigme que les chercheurs adoptant une perspective évolutionniste ont tenté de résoudre. Plusieurs hypothèses ont été proposées et celles-ci seront revues et critiquées dans le cadre de ce mémoire. Ensuite, une hypothèse alternative, l’hypothèse de la compétition intrasexuelle pour le rang, sera présentée et visera à accroître la valeur explicative des modèles proposés. Il sera argumenté que la restriction alimentaire et les troubles qui en découlent sont des sous-produits de l’intensification de la compétition qui existe entre les femmes dans la culture occidentale moderne. Un projet de recherche mené auprès d’étudiantes universitaires a permis de tester certaines des prédictions faites par le modèle évolutionniste par des analyses corrélationnelles et de régression, en plus de tester l’intégration de la variable compétition au modèle de l’influence tripartite grâce à une analyse des pistes causales (Path analysis). Il a été découvert que la comparaison, la compétition et le rang subjectif en lien avec l’apparence physique sont toutes des variables liées à la recherche de minceur. Étant donné la portée limitée de cette étude, davantage de recherches seront nécessaires afin de bien démontrer la pertinence du modèle.Various disciplines developed an interest in anorexia nervosa during the last decades and presented different models to explain it. The biopsychosocial model, currently prevailing, allows to understand how this issue takes place on a proximal level. However, one question remains : is there a biological function to this disorder? This is the enigma that researchers adopting an evolutionary perspective tried to solve. Several hypotheses have been formulated and those will be reviewed and criticized in the context of this master’s thesis. Thereafter, an alternative hypothesis, the intrasexual competition for rank hypothesis, will be presented and will aim to increase the explanatory value of the proposed models. It will be argued that self-starvation and disorders resulting from this behavior are by-product of the intensified competition existing between women in modern Western culture. A research project conducted among female university students permitted to test some of the predictions made by this evolutionary model via correlation and regression analysis, and to test the integration of the competition variable to the tripartite influence model with a Path analysis. It was discovered that comparison, competition and subjective rank related to physical appearance are all variables related to drive for thinness. Given the limited scope of this study, more research is needed to fully demonstrate the relevance of this model.
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Faria, Miguel Nuno Pereira Silva. "Homofobia : medo de quê, medo de quem? : análise dos componentes das atitudes homofóbicas". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2191.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Psicologia na especialidade de Psicologia Social apresentada à Universidade AbertaO objectivo deste estudo consistiu na avaliação da influência de um conjunto de variáveis (preditores) nas atitudes homofóbicas. Foi elaborado um modelo estrutural, onde como preditores foram escolhidos o hipergénero, a dominância social, as atitudes perante a sexualidade e o índice de religiosidade, tendo as atitudes homofóbicas sido consideradas segundo os níveis cognitivo, afectivo e comportamental. Foi recolhida uma amostra de 1322 participantes, que foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o sexo (masculino/feminino) e idade (18-25 anos/35-50 anos). Após a confirmação da adequabilidade da inclusão do modelo tripartido das atitudes homofóbicas, foram construídos e testados os modelos estruturais para cada um dos quatro grupos. Os resultados mostraram que, de uma forma geral, nas diferenças entre os vários grupos, o factor sexo teve um efeito superior ao factor idade, tendo o número de efeitos de interacção entre estes dois factores sido relativamente baixo. A análise geral dos modelos estruturais obtidos traduziu este facto de forma marcada, já que evidenciou, em primeiro lugar, a igualdade entre os modelos correspondentes aos dois grupos de participantes masculinos, enquanto os modelos relativos aos grupos femininos apenas exibiram uma semelhança parcial. A nível das variáveis utilizadas como preditores, observou-se que o índice de religiosidade esteve presente nas raízes principais dos modelos de todos os grupos, com ligações preferenciais ao nível cognitivo no sexo masculino e ao nível afectivo no sexo feminino, enquanto as atitudes perante a sexualidade estiveram ausentes das raízes significativas em todas as circunstâncias. Por outro lado, verificou-se no sexo masculino a ausência de preditores significativos para o nível afectivo, tendo sido predominantes as ligações ao nível cognitivo, enquanto o sexo feminino apresentou um comportamento mais diversificado, dependendo do grupo etário considerado. Estes resultados são discutidos de acordo com o enquadramento teórico apresentado na primeira parte do trabalho.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a group of (predicting) variables in. A structural model was then developed, where hypergender, social dominance, attitudes toward sexuality and religiosity index were chosen as predictors, while the homophobic attitudes were taken in their cognitive, affective and behavioural levels. A sample of 1322 individuals was collected, which have been divided in four groups, according to sex (male/female) and age (18-25 years old/35-50 years old). After confirming the fit of the model including the three levels of homophobic attitudes, the structural models for each of the four groups were built and tested. The results showed that, in a general view, the factor sex had a stronger influence than the factor age, when considering the differences among the four groups, while the interaction effects were relatively low in number. This fact was particularly visible when the general analysis of the structural models was made, since the models corresponding to the two masculine groups were nearly identical, while only partial similarities were found in the two female groups. As for the variables used as predictors, the eligiosity index was present in all the main roots of every model for the four groups, with stronger effect on the paths leading to the cognitive level in the male sex and affective level in the female groups, while the attitudes toward sexuality were absent for the significant roots in all models. Another important result has to do with the absence of significant predictors for the affective level in males, where the paths toward the cognitive level took the front, while the females showed more diversity, according to the different age levels. The results are discussed according to the theoretical frame presented in the first part of our study.
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Baloyi, Busisiwe Helen. "Black community attitudes towards the disabled-educational implications". Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18050.
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This study, BLACK COMMUNITY ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE DISABLED -
EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS, set out to investigate the attitude of the black community
towards the disabled.
Literature was consulted to provide a backdrop against which the empirical surveys could
be measured. The study used systematic observation interviews for data collection.
Appointments were made to conduct the interviews. The study obtained responses from
70 interviewees from four African cultures namely the Vend~ Pedi, Tsonga and Ndebele,
who were divided into seven groups, ten per group, i.e. parents of the disabled, the
disabled themselves, siblings of the disabled, parents of non-disabled, youth, old people
and professional workers.
Findings indicated that disabilities such as cerebral palsy, orthopaedic disabilities,
blindness and deafness are undesirable and constitute problems in the life of a disabled,
their families in general perspective and the community at large. Disabilities constituted
different attitudes and were identified as varying from total rejection to acceptance which
are brought about by the components of the TRIPARTITE MODEL I A B C MODEL being
cognitive, affective and behavioural.
Education of the whole black community concerning the issue of disabled people seems
to be the only answer to bring about a change of attitude towards the disabled. Therefore
a number of recommendations were included to serve as guidance and counselling so that
myth and witchcraft ideologies and negative attitudes can be uprooted.
The researcher hopes that the effort that went into this· study will be beneficial in the
process of educating the black community about the disabled with the ultimate goal of
changing existing negative attitudes towards the disabled into positive attitudes of
acceptance and support.Psychology of Education
D Ed. (Psychology of Education)
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Fernandes, João Gilberto Amorim. "Desvio endogrupal e desidentificação: análise exploratória do modelo tripartido da identificação social". Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/123826.
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Neste estudo, que se alicerçou nos pressupostos das teorias da Identidade Social e daAutocategorização, de onde resultam o modelo da Dinâmica de Grupos subjetiva e oconceito de Desidentificação, analisou-se o padrão da identificação grupal face à reação aodesvio intragrupal. Pretendeu-se trabalhar sobre resultados anteriores que mostraram que aemergência de um desvio no grupo se traduz numa diminuição da identificação endogrupal,mas que a possibilidade de reagir a esse desvio leva ao restabelecimento dos níveisinicialmente encontrados, sustentando a ideia de que a desidentificação funciona como umamortecedor protetor do self. As mudanças do grau de identificação nas três componentesda identidade social propostas por Cameron (2004) foram estudadas separadamente e deforma exploratória. O plano experimental utilizado foi um 2 x 2 (x3), sendo o Grupo Alvo ea Possibilidade de Reação fatores inter-participantes e as componentes da IdentificaçãoGrupal fator intra-participantes. Os resultados confirmaram parcialmente as hipóteses, já quese verificou um restabelecimento da identificação para os participantes impossibilitados dereagir ao desvio. Os resultados relativos ao Black Sheep Effect contrariamente ao idealizado,mostraram a inexistência desse efeito, com os participantes a punirem igualmente oselementos desviantes de ambos os grupos. Na exploração das componentes da identidadesocial, os resultados revelaram-se consistentes com as hipóteses levantadas, à exceção doslaços endogrupais.
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Fernandes, João Gilberto Amorim. "Desvio endogrupal e desidentificação: análise exploratória do modelo tripartido da identificação social". Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/123826.
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Neste estudo, que se alicerçou nos pressupostos das teorias da Identidade Social e daAutocategorização, de onde resultam o modelo da Dinâmica de Grupos subjetiva e oconceito de Desidentificação, analisou-se o padrão da identificação grupal face à reação aodesvio intragrupal. Pretendeu-se trabalhar sobre resultados anteriores que mostraram que aemergência de um desvio no grupo se traduz numa diminuição da identificação endogrupal,mas que a possibilidade de reagir a esse desvio leva ao restabelecimento dos níveisinicialmente encontrados, sustentando a ideia de que a desidentificação funciona como umamortecedor protetor do self. As mudanças do grau de identificação nas três componentesda identidade social propostas por Cameron (2004) foram estudadas separadamente e deforma exploratória. O plano experimental utilizado foi um 2 x 2 (x3), sendo o Grupo Alvo ea Possibilidade de Reação fatores inter-participantes e as componentes da IdentificaçãoGrupal fator intra-participantes. Os resultados confirmaram parcialmente as hipóteses, já quese verificou um restabelecimento da identificação para os participantes impossibilitados dereagir ao desvio. Os resultados relativos ao Black Sheep Effect contrariamente ao idealizado,mostraram a inexistência desse efeito, com os participantes a punirem igualmente oselementos desviantes de ambos os grupos. Na exploração das componentes da identidadesocial, os resultados revelaram-se consistentes com as hipóteses levantadas, à exceção doslaços endogrupais.
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Carvalho, Inês Maria Morais Cardoso Maçãs de. "Alterações na Variabilidade do Ritmo Cardíaco associadas à Ativação do Sistema de Drive: Comparações entre Adolescentes com e sem Fobia Social e em função do Recurso a Estratégias de Evitamento". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/94513.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoO desequilíbrio entre os sistemas de regulação emocional (Soothing, Threat e Drive) associa-se à psicopatologia. A Fobia Social (FS) em adolescentes tem sido associada a dificuldades de regulação emocional. A Variabilidade do Ritmo Cardíaco (VRC) é um indicador psicofisiológico de regulação emocional. Existem poucos estudos focados na VRC e FS. O DSM-5 remete para diferenças interindividuais na FS – os indivíduos evitam ou enfrentam com elevado desconforto as situações sociais – que ainda não foram estudadas a nível psicofisiológico e emocional. Indivíduos com FS ficam presos entre o sistema de Drive e o sistema de Threat. Através de um procedimento experimental com recurso a um cenário auditivo ativador do sistema de Drive – sistema de procura de recursos e incentivos – este estudo pretende testar diferenças a nível psicofisiológico (Ritmo Cardíaco; VRC) e na perceção de emoções, numa amostra de adolescentes (n=160) sem psicopatologia (n = 80; amostra comunitária) e com FS (n = 80; amostra clínica), equilibradas na distribuição de género (Estudo 1); e entre adolescentes com FS que usam preferencialmente estratégias de evitamento (subamostra alto-evitamento) e adolescentes com FS que menos as utilizam (subamostra baixo-evitamento) (Estudo 2). As medidas serão recolhidas em três fases (baseline, ativação e recuperação). No Estudo 1, hipotetiza-se que haja diferenças no padrão RC/VRC na fase de baseline e recuperação e que haja diferenças na perceção de emoções na ativação do sistema de Drive. Espera-se que os adolescentes com FS reportem maior intensidade de emoções de Threat e os adolescentes sem psicopatologia maior intensidade de emoções de Drive. No Estudo 2, hipotetiza-se que, na recuperação, haja diferenças no padrão RC/VRC e na perceção de emoções, em função do recurso a estratégias de evitamento social. Espera-se que os adolescentes que menos utilizam as estratégias de evitamento apresentem uma recuperação mais lenta para os níveis basais dos indicadores psicofisiológicos e maior intensidade de emoções de Threat, comparativamente ao seu repouso. A presente investigação fornecerá evidência empírica para a compreensão da VRC como indicador de (des)regulação emocional em adolescentes com e sem FS, e em função do recurso a estratégias de evitamento, sustentando o seu uso na avaliação e diagnóstico e na avaliação dos resultados de intervenções psicológicas.
The imbalance between emotional regulation systems (Soothing, Threat and Drive) is associated with psychopathology. Social Phobia (SP) in adolescentes has been associated with emotion regulation difficulties. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is defined as an emotion regulation psychophysiological marker. Only a few studies focus on HRV and SP. DSM-5 refering to inter-individual differences - individuals avoid or face social situations with high anxiety and discomfort - that have not yet been studied at a psychophysiological and emotional level. Individuals with SP are trapped between the Drive system and the Threat system. Drive is a resource-seeking and incentives system. Resorting to an experimental procedure using a Drive system auditive scenario, this study intends to test differences at a psychophysiological level (Heart Rate; HRV) and in the perception of emotions in a sample of adolescents (n = 160) without psychopathology (n = 80; community sample) and with SP (n = 80; clinical sample) with balanced gender distribution (Study 1); and among adolescents with SP who preferentially use avoidance strategies (high-avoidance subsample) and adolescents with SP who use them less (low-avoidance subsample) (Study 2). Measures will be collected in three phases (baseline, activation and recovery). In Study 1, it is hypothesized that there are differences in the HR / HRV pattern in the baseline and recovery phases and that there are differences in the perception of emotions in the activation of the Drive system. Adolescents with SP are expected to report greater intensity of Threat emotions and adolescents without psychopathology greater intensity of Drive emotions. In Study 2, it is hypothesized that, in recovery, there are differences in the HR / HRV pattern and in the perception of emotions, due to the use of social avoidance strategies. It is expected that adolescents who use less avoidance strategies will show a slower recovery to baseline levels of psychophysiological indicators and a higher intensity of Threat emotions, compared to their rest. The present investigation will provide empirical evidence for understanding HRV as an emotion (dys)regulation marker in adolescents with and without SP and due to the use of avoidance strategies, supporting its use in the evaluation and diagnosis and in the evaluation of the results of psychological interventions.
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Dememew, Zewdu Gashu. "Human immunodeficiency virus and diabetes mellitus : a missed link to improve pregnancy outcome in Ethiopia". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25602.
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Introduction: Evidences indicate that human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and diabetes (DM) impact pregnancy outcomes but no experience on the integrated service delivery of HIV, DM and pregnancy care. This study explored the domains and levels of integration among DM, HIV and pregnancy care to prepare a service delivery model in Ethiopia.
Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed method and the integration theoretical framework guided the study. An exploratory qualitative phase used focused group discussion, in-depth interview and observation to explore the level of integration and to refine a questionnaire for the quantitative phase. The data were transcribed and coded for theme-based analysis. The descriptive quantitative phase described HIV, DM and pregnancy care services, and determined the burden of DM among HIV patients and the prevalence of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. Data was analysed using Epi-info. The findings were triangulated, discussed and interpreted.
Results: Seven themes were generated: joint plan, shared budget, monitoring system, structural location, the need of policy guide, the practice of integrated service delivery and suggested integration approaches. A coordinated HIV and pregnancy care services were noted. There was a linkage between diabetes and HIV, and diabetes and pregnancy care. The 1.5% of diabetes among HIV, the low number of pregnancies per a mother in diabetes (1.8) and HIV (1.3); the high adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV (13.4% abortion, 12.4% low birth weight (LBW), 3.5% pre-term birth, 2.1% congenital malformation) and diabetes (3.2% big baby, 3.2% LBW, 3.1% Cesarean-section); the respective absent and low (16.2%) diabetes screening service at anti-natal and HIV clinics, the absent pregnancy care service for diabetic females justified the development of the tripartite integrated service delivery model of diabetes, HIV and pregnancy care.
Conclusions: The model suggests active diabetes screening, evaluation and treatment at HIV and antenatal clinics. It considers the coordination between non-communicable diseases (NCD), HIV and maternal health units. Pregnancy care could be coordinated at HIV and NCD units. Full integration can be practiced between HIV and pregnancy care units. Preparing policy guide, building the capacity of health providers, advocating and piloting the model may be prioritized before the implementation of the model.Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Sebastião, Joana Rita Batista Ferreira 1987. "Fatores de risco das perturbações do comportamento alimentar, em adolescentes dos 12 aos 18 anos, no concelho de Manteigas". Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/33978.
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Tese de mestrado, Doenças Metabólicas e Comportamento Alimentar, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2017Introdução: A rápida alteração na aparência física, auto perceção, tamanho e forma corporal tornam os adolescentes num grupo etário vulnerável a influências sociais que podem conduzir ao desenvolvimento de insatisfação com a imagem corporal, um importante fator de risco para perturbações do comportamento alimentar. Assim, é importante estudar os fatores de risco associados a esta insatisfação em adolescentes, tais como a influência dos meios de comunicação social e a qualidade das relações familiares e com pares. Metodologia: Estudo composto por 107 estudantes do Agrupamento de Escolas de Manteigas, dos quais 59,8% do sexo feminino e a idade média de 14,4 anos (DP = 1,82). Os dados foram recolhidos através de um protocolo de investigação online constituído por cinco questionários: (a) sociodemográfico, (b) comportamentos alimentares, (c) suscetibilidade às pressões socioculturais e interiorização do ideal de beleza, (d) vinculação aos pais e pares e (e) perturbação de comportamentos e atitudes alimentares. Resultados: Foi detetado 1 caso de perturbação do comportamento alimentar sem outra especificação e 1 possível caso de bulimia nervosa. A influência sociocultural sobre a imagem corporal dos participantes foi moderadamente baixa, as relações com as figuras de vinculação de boa qualidade, em maior evidência com a mãe, e os padrões alimentares demonstraram baixo risco para o desenvolvimento de perturbações do comportamento alimentar. Após estratificação por níveis de risco, observou-se que o grupo de maior risco apresentou, de forma estatisticamente significativa, um índice de massa corporal mais elevado, níveis de conhecimento e interiorização das influências socioculturais mais elevados e uma pior qualidade das relações de vinculação com os pais. Os preditores de risco mais significativos para insatisfação com a imagem corporal e perturbações do comportamento alimentar, foram: sexo feminino, interiorização dos ideais socioculturais de beleza e relação de vinculação com a mãe. Conclusão: Existe uma necessidade de apostar desde cedo em programas de prevenção focados na promoção de uma imagem corporal positiva. Seria importante intervir nos principais contextos de socialização dos adolescentes (escolas e família), de forma a educar a sociedade a questionar e reconsiderar o valor da aparência.
Background & Aims: Rapid modifications in physical appearance such as size and body shape, as well as self-perception, make adolescents especially vulnerable to social influences that may lead to the development of body image dissatisfaction, a major risk factor for the development of eating disorders. It is then crucial to study risk factors associated with body image dissatisfaction in adolescents, such as social media influences and quality of family and peer attachment. Methods: The study included 107 students from the Agrupamento de Escolas de Manteigas. 59,8% (64/107) were female, with mean age of 14,4 years (SD = 1,82). Data was collected directly through an online guided protocol, which included five questionnaires: (a) sociodemographic, (b) eating behaviours, (c) susceptibility to sociocultural pressures and thin-ideal internalization, (d) parent and peer attachment and (e) eating behaviours and attitudes. Results: In this study, 1 case of eating disorder not otherwise specified and 1 possible case of bulimia nervosa were detected. The sociocultural influence on the participants' body image was moderately low, there were good quality relationships with the attachment figures, especially with the maternal figure, and eating patterns correlated with low risk for eating disorders development. After stratification by risk levels, the higher risk group presented a statistically significant higher body mass index, higher level of knowledge and internalisation of sociocultural influences and worse quality of attachment relationships with the parents. The most significant risk predictors for body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders were: female sex, internalisation of the sociocultural ideals of beauty and the attachment relationship to the mother. Conclusion: Prevention programs focused on early promotion of positive body image are warranted. It would be important to intervene in the main contexts of adolescent socialization (schools and family), in order to increase society education and awareness to the value of appearance.