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Kwong, Wai-yam Vivian, i 鄺蔚音. "A comparative study of consumption behaviour between Mainland travelers and Japanese travelers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29788663.
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Thompson, Carl Edward. "Travelling to a martyrdom : the voyages and travels genre and the romantic imagination". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2af04026-129e-4731-a0fc-255071484fc6.
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This thesis explores the influence of the voluminous travel literature of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries on the imagination of Romantic writers such as Wordsworth and Byron, with particular reference to the theme of suffering in travel. It examines the ways in which Romantic travel, and Romantic writings about travel, are often 'scripted' by a body of prior travel literature which today is largely overlooked. The travel texts in question all foreground the elements of danger and discomfort in the travelling experience, and the thesis begins by arguing that an interest in the traveller's misadventures was an integral part of the appeal of travel writing in this period, constituting almost a mode or sub-genre within Voyages and Travels. Taking one strand of this literature of 'misadventure', the narrative of shipwreck, mutiny and other maritime misadventures, Chapter 1 explores the different rhetorical strategies used by writers to recount the sufferings of travellers. Accounts by John Newton, William Dampier, John Byron, George Shelvocke and others illustrate, broadly, a shift from Providentialism to sentimentalism in the handling of misadventure; they illustrate also the various philosophical, theological and political issues which are involved for any reader trying to make sense of the sufferings described. Chapter 2 then considers how these conventions of misadventure are borrowed by another sub-genre of Voyages and Travels, the exploration narrative. Using the accounts of James Cook, John Ross, Edward Parry, James Bruce and Mungo Park, the chapter argues that in being thus exploited by explorers, a further layer of political significance - touching on matters of empire and modernity attaches itself to the idea of suffering in travel. Chapters 1 and 2 illuminate positive stimuli to the Romantic interest in misadventure, showing how suffering in travel could be regarded as signifying, variously, divine election, authenticity, moral worth, political protest, and much else besides. Chapter 3 is short contextual chapter which suggests that there was also a negative stimulus to the Romantic taste, for misadventure, in the form of a rapidly growing, diversifying tourism. Focussing especially on the picturesque tourist delineated by William Gilpin, and the classical Grand Tourist influenced by Joseph Addison, it suggests that Romantic writers and travellers prized discomfort and danger in travel not only for its own sake, but also because it served to distinguish them from other types of recreational traveller. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss Wordsworth and Byron respectively, showing how the conventions and attitudes explored in Chapters 1 and 2, and the use of travel as a mode of social distinction explored in Chapter 3, play out in both the writings and the actual travels of these two major Romantic figures. Both men present themselves as misadventurers, and borrow rhetorical strategies from the earlier travel literature to do so. At the same time, Wordsworth and Byron each borrow different elements from the earlier texts, or make a different inflection of the same inherited conventions. Exploring these differences, and referring to a range of texts notably the Salisbury Plain poems, The Borderers and the 'Analogy Passage' of The Prelude for Wordsworth, and Childe Harold, Don Juan Canto 2 and The Island for Byron chapters 4 and 5 articulate the very different political, philosophical and aesthetic points being made by Wordsworth and Byron as they pose, both on the page and in actuality, as suffering travellers.
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Iannucci, Alisa Marko. "Antebellum Writer-Travelers and American Cosmopolitanism". Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2420.
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Thesis advisor: James D. WallaceJames Fenimore Cooper, George Catlin, and Margaret Fuller all spent significant portions of their lives living outside the United States, among people who - at least initially - were foreign to them. The writing those cross-cultural forays inspired demonstrated that they learned a great deal about American culture in addition to the foreign cultures they visited, and that sometimes the insights gained were difficult to hear but impossible to refute. These writers became advocates for a cosmopolitan approach not only to travel but also to cultural identity. Each felt the slipperiness of U.S. cultural identity and determined that the most productive means of securing it was by active cosmopolitan engagement with foreign others. This project explores how travel led them to view culture as a moveable category, and as a result, to work proactively to encourage a culture of patriotic cosmopolitanism in the United States. While Fuller, Cooper, and Catlin lived and wrote, the United States was marked by an isolating insistence on exceptionalism that dominated American culture. Calls for transformative, active, or personal engagement with foreign cultures were rare. Juxtaposing Appiah's approach to cosmopolitanism with the cultural analysis of such critics as William W. Stowe and Mark Renella on travel and nineteenth-century American culture, and Larry J. Reynolds and Michael Paul Rogin, on political issues of the same era gives a new perspective to these writers. Catlin, Cooper, and Fuller were dissimilar in many ways, but all enacted a cosmopolitanism that was unusual for their time and striking in its opposition to nationalist cultural currents. Their careers were defined by travel experiences marked by challenges to their cultural identity, and they met these with self-reflection that led to their awareness of the treatment cultural others received from Americans. Engaging with both Amerindian and European versions of "foreignness" led these writers to preach a cosmopolitan consciousness and to model the best ways for Americans to comport themselves while acting as citizen diplomats. A close reading of Catlin's presence as cultural intermediary in his ethnography reveals a man seeking to meet Amerindians on their own terms; he was a rare case study, and the lukewarm support he received is telling; mainstream Americans were not interested in viewing Indians as living people with a culture worth learning about. Most important, Catlin's writings of his experience in Indian lands and abroad demonstrate his exceptional receptivity to foreignness. Catlin did not see or market himself as a "travel-writer" but rather an artist and advocate for the Indians offering his own brand of proto-ethnography to the nineteenth-century reading public. Nevertheless, his work is an unusual addition to the travel-writing genre, and particularly productive in its presentation of how one adventurous traveler's experience of cultural difference led to cosmopolitan awareness. The extent to which one's experience of a foreign culture can be communicated to others who have not shared in those experiences is limited, and this accounts, in part, for the contradictions, defensive rationalizations, and rambling reflections present in Catlin's accounts. He faced a task that travel writers who direct their work to home-bound readers can't avoid: the unacknowledged naiveté of such readers must be dealt with, and foreignness presented in terms of the known. The psychological processes undergone by cross-cultural travelers can be significant, and are not so easily translated to the uninitiated. Cooper recognized that cross-cultural encounters had formed American identity from the start and worked against the prevailing tendency to denigrate, dismiss, and destroy Amerindians. He noticed that efforts to encourage international acceptance of American culture as a distinctive, worthy addition to the catalog of world cultures were often hampered by cross-cultural missteps and failures. More than most, Cooper understood the process of exploring foreignness as well as the value of the experience, but found that understanding difficult to communicate to less-cosmopolitan audiences. Cooper's cross-cultural engagement is explored in two works that participated in the ongoing transatlantic squabble over the insinuations about U.S. culture in travel writing by Europeans. In Notions of the Americans (1828) and "Point de Bateaux à Vapeur--Une Vision" (1832), Cooper advanced American arguments against the propriety and usefulness of such judgments. Homeward Bound and Home As Found (1838), took these transatlantic discussions to a different level. Remaining staunchly American, Cooper was less interested in defending his country from European "attacks" than in understanding the differences that inspired them; his argument, aimed at Americans, was for a more enlightened U.S. culture--one that had the cosmopolitan skills required to command respect internationally. Cooper's ultimate understanding of "culture" as a moveable category of human difference in The Monikins (1835). Fuller worked for a cosmopolitan American culture that would be able to lead the world for the sake of the progress of humanity. Americans would be simultaneously citizens of the United States and of the world. Through her engagement with other cultures, she sought to fit her own to her ideal. Hers was not a consuming globalism, but a model of international engagement from the ground up. By extending the transcendental opposition to individual conformity to the cultural scale, Fuller hoped that thinking Americans would learn to benefit from the "variety" that surrounded them. In her writing and by her example, she shifted the focus of travel from place to people, urging Americans to travel not only to see foreign places but to meet foreign people and immerse themselves in foreign points of view. She relates her impressions of Native Americans as foreigners who suffer from Americans' failure to see them as a people worthy of respectful engagement, and her desire that her country not repeat that mistake in dealing with other nations. In her first significant travel experience, which exposed her to immigrant settlers and Indian communities, she discovered her interest in learning about and forming relationships with groups of people who were different from her, displaying not only cosmopolitan curiosity but cosmopolitan willingness to put herself forward into the unknown. Her years of study of foreign language and arts had left her better prepared to make meaningful connections there. As a woman she felt especially well-positioned to practice a cosmopolitanism that was its own kind of revolution
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: English
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Casey, Patrick. "O’ benighted star travelers of tomorrow". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5434.
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This work explores who we are and what we may become. Essential is a willing suspension of disbelief combined with the freedom to speculate on and invent ethics or experiences that are just emerging and those that have yet to occur, as well as a desire to be cool.
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Widmer-Schnyder, Florence Johanna. "Nineteenth-century women's narratives at the crossroads : problems of travel, genre, and identity /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Yang, Hao-han Helen. ""A lady wanted" Victorian governesses abroad 1856-1898 /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41633805.
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Sikka, Nikhil. "Understanding travelers' route choice behavior under uncertainty". Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2988.
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The overall goal of this research is to measure drivers' attitudes towards uncertain and unreliable routes. The route choice modeling is done within the discrete choice modeling framework and involved use of stated preference data. The first set of analysis elicits travelers' attitudes towards unreliable routes. The results of the analysis provide useful information in relation to how commuters value the occurrence/chances of experiencing delay days on their routes. The frequency of days with unexpected delays also measures the travel time reliability in a way that is easy to understand by day-to-day commuters. As such, behaviorally more realistic values are obtained from this analysis in order to capture travelers' attitudes towards reliability. Then, we model attitudes toward travel time uncertainty using non-expected utility theories within the random utility framework. Unlike previous studies that only include risk attitudes, we incorporate attitudes toward ambiguity too, where drivers are assumed to have imperfect knowledge of travel times. To this end, we formulated non-linear logit models capable of embedding probability weighting, and risk/ambiguity attitudes. A more realistic willingness to pay structure is then derived which takes into account travel time uncertainty and behavioral attitudes. Finally, we present a conceptual framework to use a descriptive utility theory, i.e. cumulative prospect theory in forecasting the demand for a variable tolled lane. We have highlighted the issues that arise when a prescriptive model of behavior is applied to forecast demand for a tolled lane.
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Di, Salvatore Giuseppe <1990>. "Chinese travelers and luxury shopping in Europe". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12854.
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Chinese outbound tourism is a relatively young phenomenon, which brought and will bring in the following years, deep changes in the Chinese society and economy.
In Mao’s era, only politicians and businessman could visit far and unknown places, while common citizens could not even explore the neighbor countries.
The 80’s can be considered as a turning point in the Chinese history, thanks to the Open Door policy promoted by Deng Xiaoping, China began to be recognized by other countries, and, step by step, began its journey towards the international scene. Tourism is an important part of a country’s economy and society, it is one of the strongest marks the globalization is leaving, and it plays a crucial role in developing sentiments of tolerance and appreciation.
When it comes to Chinese tourism, it is essential to take in consideration many factors which differentiate this phenomenon from the same one in different countries. Tourism in China, has undergone different and quite slow stages of development, in the early 80’s Chinese people began to travel to the former colonies, Hong Kong and Macao, to visit their relatives; after a while, it became common to take trips in the neighbor countries, and only in the late 90’s Chinese people became familiar with outbound tourism.
This phenomenon and its development are considered as crucial for the development of the international economy, since the number of Chinese who decide to travel is higher than any other nationality, so they actually have a great impact on the nations that welcome them.
In this thesis, I analyzed the development of Chinese outbound tourism, underlining the impact that it has on the luxury market worldwide, along with the new trends and ways of travelling that are becoming common among youngsters.
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Takaya, Sachiko. "Overseas pleasure travel motivations of older alumnae of a Japanese women's university". Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002takayas.pdf.
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Warneke, Sara. "A ship of shadows : images of the educational traveller in early modern England /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw278.pdf.
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Khatun, Samia. "Camels, ships and trains : translation across the 'Indian Archipelago,' 1860-1930". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9330.
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Bertilsson, Tobias, i Mårten Persson. "Situation-dependent spontaneous mobile information service for travelers". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för telekommunikationssystem, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3586.
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This application is created to provide valid and relevant travel information to travelers on their journey. The application is proposed as a demonstration for seamless communications in the VINNOVA-sponsored project PIITSA (Personal Information Intelligent Transport systems through Seamless communications and Autonomous decisions). The PIITSA-project is a cooperation between Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Saab AB, SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute and Swedish Road Administration region Stockholm. The project is going on under three years, and the goal is to define communication and decision functions which will make it easier for ITS-applications (Intelligent Transport Systems and Services) that have the need of supplying personalised information. This project presents a solution to the question “How do I get from point A to point B in any case”. All that the user needs is a PDA with the application installed and being able to connect to the service via a mobile network. If the user has specified a route in the application, then the user will receive up-to-date information on how to get to his destination. This information is presented on the user’s PDA. If something happens on the current route, then the user will get an automatic message sent to him presenting the problem and give him a new travel route. Thanks to this the user won’t be stuck in the traffic problem and will probably reach its destination in time.Examensarbetet tog fram en demonstrationstjänst för det VINNOVA-sponsrade projekt PIITSA (Personlig Information i Intelligenta Transportsystem genom Sömlös kommunikation och Autonoma beslut). Den används på en handdator och hjälper resenrärer "att komma från A till B i alla fall" genom att ge möjlighet att söka eller lägga in reserutter och övervaka aktuell trafikinformation i samband med dessa rutter, främst avseende kollektivtrafik i Stockholmsområdet. Mervärdet består i att resenären blir varnat automatiskt om någonting händer längs de valda rutterna och ges möjlighet att få en ny rutt. Applikationen kan användas i skarp läge.
Primary contact: Markus Fiedler, +46 708 537339
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Morch, Julia Edwards. "Women and Outward Bound, voices of wilderness travelers". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20678.pdf.
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Gursoy, Dogan. "Development of a Travelers' Information Search Behavior Model". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29970.
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In the dynamic global environment of today, understanding how travelers acquire information is important for marketing management decisions (Srinivasan 1990; Wilkie and Dickson 1985). For destination marketing managers, understanding information search behavior of travelers is crucial for designing effective marketing communication campaigns because information search represents the primary stage at which marketing can provide information and influence travelers' vacation decisions. Therefore, conceptual and empirical examinations of tourist information search behavior have a long tradition in tourism marketing literature (Etzel and Wahlers, 1985; Fodness and Murray, 1997, 1998, 1999; Perdue, 1985; Schul and Crompton, 1983; Snepenger and Snepenger 1993; Woodside and Ronkainen, 1980).
Even though several studies examined travelers information search behavior and the factors that are likely to affect it, they all examined travelers' prior product knowledge as a uni-dimensional construct, most often referred to as destination familiarity or previous trip experiences (Woodside and Ronkainen, 1980). However, consumer behavior literature suggests that the prior product knowledge is not a uni-dimensional construct (Alba and Hutchinson). Alba and Hutchinson (1987) propose that prior product knowledge has two major components, familiarity and expertise, and cannot be measured by a single indicator. In addition, in tourism, little research has been done on the factors that are likely to influence travelers' prior product knowledge and, therefore, their information search behavior. The purpose of this study is to examine travelers' information search behavior by studying the effects of travelers' familiarity and expertise on their information search behavior and identifying the factors that are likely to influence travelers' familiarity and expertise and their information search behavior.
A travelers' information search behavior model and a measurement instrument to assess the constructs of the model were designed for the use of this study. The model proposed that the type of information search (internal and/or external) that is likely to be utilized will be influenced by travelers' familiarity and expertise. In addition, travelers' involvement, learning, prior visits and cost of information search are proposed to influence travelers' familiarity and their information search behavior.
Even though a very complex travelers' information search behavior model was proposed, only the effects of travelers' prior product knowledge (familiarity and expertise) on travelers' information search behavior were empirically tested due to the complex nature of the model. First the proposed measurement scales were pretested on 224 consumers. After making sure that proposed measures of each construct were valid and reliable, a survey of 470 consumers of travel/tourism services who reside in Virginia was conducted. Structural Equation Modeling (i.e., LISREL) analysis was performed to test the fit of the model.
Results of the study confirmed that travelers' prior product knowledge has two components, familiarity and expertise, and expertise is a function of familiarity. Both familiarity and expertise affect travelers' information search behavior. While the effect of familiarity on internal search is positive and on external search is negative, the effect of expertise on internal search is negative and on external search is positive. The study identified a U-shaped relationship between travelers' prior product knowledge and external information search. At early stages of learning (low familiarity), travelers are likely to rely on external information sources to make their vacation decisions. As their prior product knowledge (familiarity) increases they tend to make their vacation decisions based on what is in their memory, therefore, reliance on external information sources decreases. However, as they learn more (become experts), they realize that they need more detailed information to make their vacation decisions. As a result, they start searching for additional external information to make their vacation decisions.Ph. D.
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Tasse, Dan. "How Geotagged Social Media Can Inform Modern Travelers". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/983.
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Modern tourists travel in new ways. The rising class of so-called “Creative tourists” prefer to explore everyday life instead of simply ticking off a list of sights to see. However, travel guides all currently represent places as simply a collection of sights. At the same time, public geotagged social media data is opening a new world of ways to investigate another place. In this thesis, I describe efforts to bring these trends together, by developing neighborhood guides for travelers, based on social media. I first investigate why people geotag and where this public geotagged data comes from. Then, after developing a model of what tourists want through a series of interviews and surveys, I develop a prototype social-media-based neighborhood guide for travelers. By an iterative user study and quantitative investigation into photo sources, I find that this data can give users an ideal glimpse into a new city. Implications are widespread: I show not only how social media can be used to help people travel, but also develop a perspective on what social media tells, and does not tell, about cities and neighborhoods. I show that social media provides an idealized qualitative image into a city, while perhaps not reflecting the objective, quantitative reality. This matches tourists’ needs ideally, providing an exciting new opportunity for a new generation of tourism tools.
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Yang, Ho-Chin. "China's routes to Tibet during the early Qing Dynasty : a study of travel accounts /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11096.
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Tian, Lai. "Waiting Areas of Airports as Restorative Environments for Travelers". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16665.
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The main goal of the present study is to investigate if physical attributes in waiting areas of airports can influence their perceived restorativeness for travelers. This study employed a pre-survey to select the physical attributes that may have an impact on perceived restorativeness of airports and then applied an experiment as research method to obtain quantitative data. The present study used 203 students of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology as participants. Participants were required to rate the stimulus material of waiting areas in airports with different physical characteristics in the questionnaire. By comparing participants' mean scores, this study compares perceived restorativeness of waiting areas in airports with different physical settings and get results about the influence of different physical attributes. The results suggest that there are four physical attributes (windows, crowding, seats and plant settings) having an impact on tourists’ perceived restorativeness in waiting areas of airports. Perceived restorativeness of the waiting area in airports can be increased when the waiting areas in airports have windows, when they have abundant seating, when they have less people in them and when they have plants.
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Barrickman, Jennifer Clore. "Predictors of Excessive Alcohol Consumption Among U.S. Business Travelers". Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10036296.
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Excessive alcohol consumption (EAC) is an important public health problem. Several researchers have examined work-related influences on EAC, but few have investigated the predictors of EAC related to business travel. This study measured the association between EAC and frequency of business travel, duration of business travel, and job industry among U.S. business travelers. Research was conducted within the social-ecological theoretical framework. Snowball sampling was used to gather data from 187 business travelers. Data were evaluated using bivariate analysis to assess the association between measures of EAC and each independent variable. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates. Respondents aged 45-54 and 55 and older had significantly lower odds of binge drinking than those aged 18-34, OR = 0.33, 95% CI [.11, .98], p < .05; and OR = .13, 95% CI [.03, .55], p < .01, respectively. Females aged 55 and older and all females who traveled frequently in the previous month had lower odds of binge drinking compared to females 18-34 and infrequent female travelers (OR = .03, 95% CI [.00, .37], p < .01; OR = .34, 95% CI [.12, .99], p < .05, respectively). Both males (compared to females) and Protestants (compared to Catholics) had lower odds of heavy drinking (OR = .34, CI [.14,.84], P < .05; OR = .301, CI [.09,.99], P < .05, respectively). Results highlight the prevalence of EAC among business travelers, particularly among females. Multilevel interventions are proposed, which may reduce health-related disparities associated with EAC among this population of business travelers.
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Sungkatavat, Sarinya. "Assessment of the U.S. travelers’ destination image of Thailand". Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16911.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Hospitality Management and Dietetics
Deborah Canter and Junehee Kwon
Thailand is one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations. However, it has not been successful in capturing and sustaining the U.S. travel market, one of the world’s top source markets by international tourism expenditure. The destination image (DI) is a key factor that affects destination selection, but there has been limited research exploring U.S. travelers’ DI of Thailand. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to measure U.S. travelers’ DI of Thailand and identify important attributes for U.S. travelers in terms of destination selection using mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative approaches. To explore American travelers’ DI of Thailand, personal interviews with 56 U.S. travelers were conducted at Suvarnabhumi Airport in Thailand. Maximum variation purposeful sampling was used to ensure diversity of the sample. One interviewer and a verifier ensured consistent and credible data collection and analyses. Data analyses included inductive, deductive and cross-case analyses. “Friendly People,” “Beaches and Islands,” and “Amazing” described Thailand's DI. First-time visitors had tourist attraction and activity-based images, while repeat visitors rated people and culture-related experience as top reasons for destination selection. Results from the qualitative study were used to identify common and unique attributes for the quantitative survey instrument. To access general perception of Thailand’s DI among U.S. travelers, an online survey was conducted with 522 international travelers including non-visitors (n=173), virtual-visitors (n=175) and visitors to Thailand (n=174). Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and factor analyses were conducted. Of five factors that solidified the DI of Thailand, cultural attributes and local experiences represented Thailand’s DI the most. DIs were different among different types of visitors. Importance-Performance Analysis illustrated Thailand’s destination attributes and their importance for destination selection. For U.S. travelers, travel environment was the most important factor but had low performance. Thailand tourism organizations may use these findings for future marketing efforts toward the U.S. travel market.
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George, Roger Allen. "The transcendental traveler /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9418.
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Mak, Wai-lai. "A cross sectional study among Hong Kong travellers on the perception of risk and practice of prevention for travellers' diarrhoea". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972032.
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PANTO, SITTHIPHON, i Rong Pan. "A study of Swedish tourist going on vacation in Thailand". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10152.
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With the help of consumer decision making theory, factors were being investigated. An additional questionnaire was being distributed to collect primary data. The secondary data from reliable sources was used to have a better understanding of Swedish travelling behaviour. It showed that among eight factors “motivation or energizers factor” has the most influence or effect on Swedish traveler’s decision making in choosing Thailand as a traveling destination.
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Wilson, Erica Christine, i n/a. "A 'Journey Of Her Own'?: The Impact Of Constraints On Women's Solo Travel". Griffith University. Department of Tourism, Leisure, Hotel and Sport Management, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050209.110742.
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Women are increasingly active in the participation and consumption of travel, and are now recognised as a growing force within the tourism industry. This trend is linked to changing social and political circumstances for Western women around the world. Within Australia specifically, women's opportunities for education and for earning equitable incomes through employment have improved. Furthermore, traditional ideologies of the family have shifted, so that social expectations of marriage and the production of children do not yield as much power as they once did. As a result of these shifts, women living in contemporary Australia have a wider range of resources and opportunities with which to access an ever-increasing array of leisure/travel choices. It appears that one of the many ways in which women have been exercising their relatively recent financial and social autonomy is through independent travel. The solo woman traveller represents a growing market segment, with research showing that increasing numbers of females are choosing to travel alone, without the assistance or company of partners, husbands or packaged tour groups. However, little empirical research has explored the touristic experiences of solo women travellers, or examined the constraints and challenges they may face when journeying alone. 'Constraints' have been described variously as factors which hinder one's ability to participate in desired leisure activities, to spend more time in those activities, or to attain anticipated levels of satisfaction and benefit. While the investigation of constraints has contributed to the leisure studies discipline for a number of decades, the exploration of their influence on tourist behaviour and the tourist experience has been virtually overlooked. Research has shown that despite the choices and opportunities women have today, the freedom they have to consume those choices, and to access satisfying leisure and travel experiences, may be constrained by their social and gendered location as females. Although theorisations of constraint have remained largely in the field of leisure studies, it is argued and demonstrated in this thesis that there is potential in extending constraints theory to the inquiry of the tourist experience. Grounded in theoretical frameworks offered by gender studies, feminist geography, sociology and leisure, this qualitative study set out to explore the impact of constraints on women's solo travel experiences. Forty in-depth interviews were held with Australian women who had travelled solo at some stage of their adult lives. Adopting an interpretive and feminist-influenced research paradigm, it was important to allow the women to speak of their lives, constraints and experiences in their own voices and on their own terms. In line with qualitative methodologies, it is these women's words which form the data for this study. Based on a 'grounded' approach to data analysis, the results reveal that constraints do exist and exert influence on these women's lives and travel experiences in a myriad of ways. Four inter-linking categories of constraint were identified, namely socio-cultural, personal, practical and spatial. Further definition of these categories evolved, depending on where the women were situated in their stage of the solo travel experience (that is, pre-travel or during-travel). The results of this study show that there are identifiable and very real constraints facing solo women travellers. These constraints could stem from the contexts of their home environments, or from the socio-cultural structures of the destinations through which they travelled. However, these constraints were not immutable, insurmountable or even necessarily consciously recognised by many of the women interviewed. In fact, it became increasingly evident that women were findings ways and means to 'negotiate' their constraints, challenges and limitations. Three dominant negotiation responses to constraint could be identified; the women could choose to seek access to solo travel when faced with pre-travel constraints: they could withdraw from solo travel because of those same constraints, or they could decide to continue their journeys as a result of their in-situ constraints. Evidence of women negotiating suggests that constraints are not insurmountable barriers, and confirms that constraints do not necessarily foreclose access to travel. Furthermore, a focus on negotiation re-positions women as active agents in determining the course of their lives and the enjoyment of their solo travel experiences, rather than as passive acceptors of circumstance and constraint. Linking with the concept of negotiation, solo travel was also shown to be a site of resistance, freedom and empowerment for these forty women. Through solo travel, it was apparent that the women could transgress the structures and roles which influenced and governed their lives. This thesis shows that, through solo travel, the women interviewed found an autonomous and self-determining 'journey of their own'. At the same time, the extent to which this really was a journey of their own was questioned and revealed to be problematic under a feminist/gendered lens. Thus a more appropriate concept of women's solo travel is that it is a 'relative escape'. That is, their journeys, escapes and experiences were always situated relative to the societal expectations and perceptions of home; relative to the gendered perceptions and ideologies of the destination, and relative to the limited spatial freedoms as a result of a socially constructed geography of fear.
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Wilson, Erica Christine. "A 'Journey Of Her Own'?: The Impact Of Constraints On Women's Solo Travel". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365683.
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Women are increasingly active in the participation and consumption of travel, and are now recognised as a growing force within the tourism industry. This trend is linked to changing social and political circumstances for Western women around the world. Within Australia specifically, women's opportunities for education and for earning equitable incomes through employment have improved. Furthermore, traditional ideologies of the family have shifted, so that social expectations of marriage and the production of children do not yield as much power as they once did. As a result of these shifts, women living in contemporary Australia have a wider range of resources and opportunities with which to access an ever-increasing array of leisure/travel choices. It appears that one of the many ways in which women have been exercising their relatively recent financial and social autonomy is through independent travel. The solo woman traveller represents a growing market segment, with research showing that increasing numbers of females are choosing to travel alone, without the assistance or company of partners, husbands or packaged tour groups. However, little empirical research has explored the touristic experiences of solo women travellers, or examined the constraints and challenges they may face when journeying alone. 'Constraints' have been described variously as factors which hinder one's ability to participate in desired leisure activities, to spend more time in those activities, or to attain anticipated levels of satisfaction and benefit. While the investigation of constraints has contributed to the leisure studies discipline for a number of decades, the exploration of their influence on tourist behaviour and the tourist experience has been virtually overlooked. Research has shown that despite the choices and opportunities women have today, the freedom they have to consume those choices, and to access satisfying leisure and travel experiences, may be constrained by their social and gendered location as females. Although theorisations of constraint have remained largely in the field of leisure studies, it is argued and demonstrated in this thesis that there is potential in extending constraints theory to the inquiry of the tourist experience. Grounded in theoretical frameworks offered by gender studies, feminist geography, sociology and leisure, this qualitative study set out to explore the impact of constraints on women's solo travel experiences. Forty in-depth interviews were held with Australian women who had travelled solo at some stage of their adult lives. Adopting an interpretive and feminist-influenced research paradigm, it was important to allow the women to speak of their lives, constraints and experiences in their own voices and on their own terms. In line with qualitative methodologies, it is these women's words which form the data for this study. Based on a 'grounded' approach to data analysis, the results reveal that constraints do exist and exert influence on these women's lives and travel experiences in a myriad of ways. Four inter-linking categories of constraint were identified, namely socio-cultural, personal, practical and spatial. Further definition of these categories evolved, depending on where the women were situated in their stage of the solo travel experience (that is, pre-travel or during-travel). The results of this study show that there are identifiable and very real constraints facing solo women travellers. These constraints could stem from the contexts of their home environments, or from the socio-cultural structures of the destinations through which they travelled. However, these constraints were not immutable, insurmountable or even necessarily consciously recognised by many of the women interviewed. In fact, it became increasingly evident that women were findings ways and means to 'negotiate' their constraints, challenges and limitations. Three dominant negotiation responses to constraint could be identified; the women could choose to seek access to solo travel when faced with pre-travel constraints: they could withdraw from solo travel because of those same constraints, or they could decide to continue their journeys as a result of their in-situ constraints. Evidence of women negotiating suggests that constraints are not insurmountable barriers, and confirms that constraints do not necessarily foreclose access to travel. Furthermore, a focus on negotiation re-positions women as active agents in determining the course of their lives and the enjoyment of their solo travel experiences, rather than as passive acceptors of circumstance and constraint. Linking with the concept of negotiation, solo travel was also shown to be a site of resistance, freedom and empowerment for these forty women. Through solo travel, it was apparent that the women could transgress the structures and roles which influenced and governed their lives. This thesis shows that, through solo travel, the women interviewed found an autonomous and self-determining 'journey of their own'. At the same time, the extent to which this really was a journey of their own was questioned and revealed to be problematic under a feminist/gendered lens. Thus a more appropriate concept of women's solo travel is that it is a 'relative escape'. That is, their journeys, escapes and experiences were always situated relative to the societal expectations and perceptions of home; relative to the gendered perceptions and ideologies of the destination, and relative to the limited spatial freedoms as a result of a socially constructed geography of fear.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department of Tourism, Leisure, Hotel and Sport Management
Griffith Business School
Full Text
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Ozan-Rafferty, Margaret E. "A qualitative analysis of internet narratives by health travelers to Turkey obtaining your health traveler's feedback before it is on the internet". Thesis, Central Michigan University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3558790.
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In the past, most patients received care in the country of their residence, but more recently, medical related travel to other countries has grown from a cottage industry into a worldwide scheme. Travel for medical care today has many forms and is largely driven by cost, lack of access to emerging procedures and wait times. While cosmetic procedures are still popular, today's medical travelers may also journey across the world for cardiac and orthopedic procedures.
The industry has labeled this phenomenon Medical Tourism and many countries across the globe are positioning themselves to attract international patients. Turkey has positioned itself as a convenient, high-quality and low cost provider of care to health travelers, with a goal to become an international health travel hub. The Internet is a major driver of information on health travel and is also a vehicle for patients to share their experiences. There are few studies that evaluated the experiences of health travelers.
To date there are few studies in the medical tourism literature that evaluate health travelers' experiences with care in another country. This qualitative research, an analysis of online narratives, identified themes of health travelers' experiences to Turkey. The intent was to describe the experiences written online by health travelers to Turkey. It is expected that this research will assist in decision-making for patients considering health travel in the future.
The research may strengthen health administration education by providing insights in to the phenomena of health travel. In addition, this study may assist Turkey and other countries with their marketing and positioning to health travelers and serve as a resource for hospitals wanting to recruit and retain staff to serve a global patient base. Finally this study may provide a springboard for further research on health travelers' experiences. The overarching question to be answered with this research is: What can we learn about health travelers to Turkey through analysis of their online narratives? In addition, the goal was to identify the important individual characteristics, outline the push and pull factors to seek healthcare in another country, identify satisfaction with the outcomes and the results of these individuals' treatments, and note some positive and negative factors influencing health travelers' perceptions and overall experiences about their health travel to Turkey.
Narratives for analysis were obtained by using the Google search engine and using multiple search terms to obtain as many publicly posted English narratives of health travelers to Turkey via purposeful sampling. The narrative posts of 36 individuals who traveled to Turkey from at least 13 countries for medical care were obtained. Posters' written words were analyzed in an iterative analytic process using narrative analysis theory principles. Three stages of coding were conducted to identify characteristics and themes using NVivo version 10.
Results indicated that driven by lower costs, physician's expertise and the desire for care unavailable in their home country, health travelers to Turkey are generally satisfied with the outcomes of their procedures and care provided by their physicians. Communication challenges, food, transportation and gaps in customer service are key areas of opportunity for improvement.
This analysis provides an understanding of the insights of health travelers though the words of actual health travelers. This methodology may be applied to study other patient experiences. The findings of this research expands the body of knowledge in medical tourism as well as serve as a platform for further qualitative and quantitative research on health travelers' experiences.
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Potter, Virgil E. (Virgil Eugene). "Provision of Mature Traveler Desired Services and Attributes by Hotel Type and Size". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278303/.
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In the past the mature market was often misunderstood and not considered to be a profitable market segment for hotel operators to pursue. Growing demographic numbers and increased affluence within the mature market are reasons for reconsideration. This study examined the business value of the mature traveler and the provision of services and attributes desired by mature travelers, as perceived by managers.
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Che, Wai Sam. "Determinants of Chinese air travelers' intention towards using electronic ticketing". Thesis, University of Macau, 2004. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636412.
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Garrison, Roy Gilman. "Terminals and stations : designing environments for the movement of travelers". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23456.
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Freisberg, Guido Ernst. "The image of Spain in British, French and German travel accounts from 1605 to 1875 : a comparative study of cross-cultural perceptions = Das Spanienbild in britischen, französischen und deutschen Reiseberichten von 1605 bis 1875 : eine vergleichende Studie interkultureller Wahrnehmungen /". St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17394.pdf.
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Tse, Hau-ming Pauline, i 謝巧明. "Cross-border movement of people from Hong Kong to Guangdong province, China, 1996-2001". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27756737.
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Chen, Nai-Chieh Jessie. "Senior Japanese tourists to Taiwan and their marketing potential : a case study /". Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12085.
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Sun, Lei. "A comparison study of the shopping behavior of business and leisure travelers in the Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport". Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998sunl.pdf.
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Pujalte, Maria de las Nieves. "El paisaje levantino visto por los viajeros de los siglos XVIII y XIX". Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1104161510.
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Fitzpatrick, Kristin. "What she carries with her : gender and American national identity in nineteenth-century women's travel narratives /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6616.
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Leangapichart, Thongpan. "Phenotypic and genomic analysis of multi-drug resistant bacteria in travelers". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0183.
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La résistance aux antibiotiques chez les bactéries est un problème majeur mondial du fait de son augmentation. Récemment, la transmission des bactéries résistantes aux humains, aux animaux et à l’environnement sont de plus en plus décrits dans la littérature. Ces dernières années, les voyages internationaux ont augmenté massivement ce qui a permis aux bactéries résistantes de se propager d’un lieu à un autre. Les voyageurs internationaux sont les principaux acteurs de l’acquisition et de la propagation des gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques. Le plus grand rassemblement annuel de personnes comme le pèlerinage à la Mecque est connu pour être un réservoir pour la transmission des maladies infectieuses telles que la grippe, les épidémies méningococciques ou la tuberculose. Par conséquent, les voyageurs en particulier les pèlerins représentent une source importante de propagation de bactéries multi-résistantes. Les études sur la transmission et l'acquisition de gènes de résistance pendant le Hajj sont rares. Par conséquent, ce projet de thèse a trois objectifs principaux permettant de mieux comprendre la prévalence des gènes de résistance et des bactéries multi-résistantes au cours du Hajj:(i)l’étude de la surveillance épidémiologique des gènes de résistance chez les pèlerins avant et après le Hajj,(ii)l’étude des facteurs de risque d'acquisition de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques chez les pèlerins,(iii)les études épidémiologiques moléculaires des bactéries résistantes chez les pèlerins et d'autres sources, tels que les patients, les animaux et l’environnement en utilisant des techniques comme le typage des séquences multi-locus et le séquençage du génome completAntibiotic resistance in bacteria is increasing and become a worldwide problem. Newresistance bacteria or mechanisms are emerging and spreading rapidly. Recently, thetransmission of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacteria among humans, animals, and the variousenvironments are vastly recognized. With the growth of international travels over the pastdecades, this provides opportunities for AR bacteria to be spread rapidly from one geographiclocation to another. During trips, travelers changed diets, lifestyles, and their environmentsresulting in the alteration of AR patterns of bacteria residing in the gut. Thus, internationaltravelers are one of the most important modes for the acquisition and spread of AR genes.The largest annual mass gathering, the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) is well known as a sourcefor infectious diseases transmission such as influenza, meningococcal outbreaks ortuberculosis. Thus, travelers, especially pilgrims, are one of the most significant sources forspreading AR bacteria. However, studies of the transmission and acquisition of AR genesduring Hajj in pilgrims are scarce. Therefore, this research thesis was carried out with threemain objectives to better understanding the prevalence of AR genes and bacteria during Hajj:(i) epidemiological surveillance of AR genes in pilgrims before and after Hajj, (ii) risk factorsanalysis concerning AR genes acquisition in pilgrims, (iii) molecular epidemiological studiesof AR bacteria in pilgrims, including patients, animals, and environment with the use ofmulti-locus sequence typing and whole genome sequencing
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Neelam, Jagadish Rajalakshmi. "User centered design of an Iphone application for women business travelers". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-233528.
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This thesis walks through the user centric design of an iphone application specific to a hotel service for women business travelers. It aims at providing the luxury of performing tasks such as remote hotel check-in/check-out, ordering food/transport/room services, emergency help, complaining services, order history and safety measures. This thesis covers the initial design and developmental iterations of the application. Android Version with added features of the same application will be the future enhancements. I would like to thank my reviewer Mr. Lars Oestreicher, Uppsala University and supervisor Mrs. Tahira Sultan, MicroUsability for their exceptional guidance throughout my thesis. Finally, I am so grateful to my parents, as this Masters wouldn’t have been possible without their never ending support and love.
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Eichholz, Anne. "’Leisure time of German business travelers in Örnsköldsvik during business trips?’". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149755.
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Cho, SeongMin. "Comparative Analysis of Mature Travelers on the Basis of Internet Use". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31556.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Travel and tourism marketers face a highly competitive environment brought on by the changing demographics of the U.S. population, the most significant change being the growth in size of the mature segment of the population. In terms of market size, there are currently 73 million people age 50 and older, comprising nearly one-fourth of the U.S. population (U.S. Census Bureau 2000). That number is expected to rise to 96 million by 2010, representing one-third of the population (Rasmusson 2000). A swelling population is not the only enticement that this age group offers. It is important to note that many mature consumers have deep pockets and a strong desire to spend. In fact, they control more than three-quarters of the wealth and one-half of the discretionary income in the nation. It is also estimated that they lay claim to three-fourths of the country's financial assets and boast more than $1 trillion in annual buying power. When all is said and done, this age group accounts for 40 percent of the total consumer demand in the United States (Swartz, 1999). However, even though recognizing the significance of the mature market in terms of their market size and economic potential, little research has been conducted to identify and understand the mature travelers who use the Internet.The main purpose of this study is to profile mature travelers on the basis of Internet use. More specifically, the intention is to examine the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of mature travelers who use the Internet compared to those who do not use the Internet. In addition, the purpose of the present study is to examine whether or not differences exist between Internet users and Internet non-users among mature travelers with respect to travel behavior. Attention is paid to investigate types of trip selected, the preferred activities participated in during the travel, length of stay, travel-related expenditures, type of lodging, type of transportation, number in the travel party, and type of travel party in explaining the differences between Internet users and Internet non-users of the mature market.Data were collected by utilizing a mailed questionnaire. 433 responses (23.44 percent of the total target population) were coded and used for data analysis. Data were analyzed by employing three types of data analysis: chi-square tests of independence; t-tests; and multiple discriminant analysis.The findings in the present study suggest that there are numerous differences in demographics, socio-economic characteristics, and travel characteristics between Internet users and Internet non-users among mature travelers. As a whole, for example, the results revealed that mature travelers who use the Internet were more likely to be younger, have higher annual household incomes, and have higher levels of education than mature travelers who do not use the Internet. Also, the results indicated that mature travelers who are still working are more likely to use the Internet than those who are not working. By understanding and utilizing information gathered from Internet users' and Internet non-users' demographics, socio-economic characteristics, and travel characteristics, tourism planners and marketers can develop appropriate and effective marketing strategies that appeal to mature travelers.Master of Science
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Zhang, Li. "The impact of leisure travelers' characteristics on hotel Website attributes preference". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4644/.
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Travel is now the largest online business-to-consumer product in the United States. Online hotel bookings are the second largest segment of online travel. Leisure travelers online spending will increase dramatically from 2002 to 2007. However, a majority of hospitality companies do not currently take advantage of the Internet as the cheapest and most efficient distribution medium. The purpose of this study examined leisure travelers' demographic and psychographic characteristics, online booking and travel frequency that influence travelers' desired hotel Website features and functions. The results found out that demographics (gender, occupation, and ethnicity), and psychographics (travel benefit sought), number of leisure travel trips per year, and number of online hotel bookings per year have impact on hotel Website attribute preferences.
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Douglas, Heather F. "Independent volunteer travelers in Nepal". Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28579.
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The objective of this research is to shed light on the phenomenon of independent
volunteer traveling. It represents a form of tourism in which travelers independently organize
their own volunteer efforts and typically provide assistance to local people in return for room and
board. Travelers operate outside the confines of formal service organizations and various tourist
groups, in conditions of close cross-cultural contact, often teaching and providing manual labor.
They live with locals, speak the local language, use the same amounts of economic and natural
resources that locals use, and eat, sleep, bathe and work in the same fashion as the local people
do. Because this type of tourism takes place in remote Himalayan villages that are not in touristed
areas, social arrangements are based on local tradition and culture, rather than on external forces.
This research specifically links independent volunteer traveling with sustainable tourism
development by examining its impacts. For instance, the majority of travelers in the study helped
to create additional sources of income for local people by donating animals and land to families,
which helped hosts to improve their living standards and boosted local economies in remote
Himalayan regions, contributing towards the development of Nepal's rural communities. In
addition, because of the many opportunities offered by this type of tourism, Nepali women were
encouraged to eat with their families, get married at a later age, get an education and be treated
more fairly in family situations, which contributed towards improving the status of women.
The evidence of this research also indicates that there is a complex dynamic present in
the interaction between hosts and guests when giving and receiving activities are examined. In
particular, a sense of mutual interdependence and equality were maintained between hosts and
guests, because no matter who was giving and who was receiving, both parties continued to feel
they received more than they were able to give. Because of the joy and meaning it added to their
lives, this aspect of the experience had the most profound effect on both hosts and guests, and
made this form of tourism stand out against comparable cross-cultural encounters.
In an era searching for improved forms of international relations, this kind of travel poses
an interesting alternative, because it depends solely on the opportunity for travelers to contribute
to the host culture and on the development of meaningful cross-cultural relationships.Graduation date: 2003
Best scan available for photos. Original has a moray pattern.
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Chuan, Lai Rong, i 賴榮權. "Factors Affect Airline Travelers’ Intention ofUsing Self Check-in- Case of Taoyuan International Airport Travelers". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27672c.
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碩士中國文化大學
企業實務管理數位學習碩士在職專班
103
With the rapid development of information technology, e-services technology becomes increasingly pervasive, airlines began using a wide variety of e-services, in order to enhance the brand image and service quality. Steady growth in the face of the Global Aviation Brigade and higher operating cost pressures, self-registration service is considered to solve air travel demand and cost-saving , is currently the development trends of the global aviation industry. Taoyuan International Airport was officially launched CUSS in March 2011, in order to replace some of the artificial zoned bit reduced over the counter waiting line, improve service processes and enhance the international competitiveness of the airport. However, airlines in the process of promoting the use of self-check-in, the passenger is still considering whether to save time, more quickly and easily complete the check-in; but also to observe the effectiveness of other passengers after use, the media reports or airline propaganda and promotion, there are many of the individual or external factors that affect its intention of use . Therefore, this study summarized the four main factors of self- check-in to explore that affect the intention of use, including perceived costs, expected benefits (personal reasons), subjective norms and critical mass (external influences),according to establish a research framework, hypotheses and questionnaire design, and conducted a questionnaire survey in Taoyuan airport, collect relevant information, the analysis of data using the Smart PLS software.The results showed no significant influence in addition to subjective norms on the intention of use, the rest of the perceived costs, expected benefits and critical mass, such as the use of self-check-in significant influence the intention of use. Hope to understand passenger needs and provide the aviation industry or Taoyuan Airport company to promote the application of self-check-in policy reference Keywords:Self Check service,CUSS, perceived costs, expected benefit, subjective norm and critical mass.
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So, Siu-Ian. "Behavioral models of multi-destination travelers". 2005. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/dissertations/AAI3185836/.
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Wang, Hao-Chun, i 王皓群. "International Business Travelers : From Employees'' Perspective". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u4ff6k.
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碩士國立中山大學
人力資源管理研究所
97
Globalization has cause organizations between nations to be more integrated and interdependent than before. Taiwan, being an economy based on international trade, has abundant experience in international assignments among business organizations. Due to the changing environments, organizations developed various forms of international assignments. Other than the standard expatriate assignments, short-term assignments, international business travelers (IBT), commuter assignments, rotational assignments and virtual assignments are emerging alternatives to deal with international issues. The IBT is likely to be a big portion of international assignment used in Taiwan, as the number of business travel rises. A qualitative research was held and 11 IBTs from Taiwanese firms was interviewed. The findings are as follow: 1. The proportion of time spent overseas per year differs from IBTs with different backgrounds. 2. The positive factors of IBT work are increase of specialties training, increase of job satisfaction and the rise of personal development. 3. The negative factors of IBT work are pressing work schedules, culture and cognition gaps, time differences and abnormal work schedules, health and safety concerns, separation of family and friends and confliction between work and personal schedules. 4. The standard of travel class influences IBTs’ perspective towards the job and also their life style. 5. IBT cannot totally be substituted.
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Lin, Yi-Chia, i 林怡佳. "Foreign Travelers' cognition and travel intention to the travel of Taiwan Regimen Food- a case of Japanese Travelers". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10435892314174105955.
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碩士世新大學
觀光學研究所(含碩專班)
93
When Preventive Medicine has become the globalization issue, the scholars had improved diet is closed to physical condition. The epidemiology also pointed out regimen food included vitamins and minerals could decline chronic diseases. Since Taiwan’s major source country of inbound tourist is Japan. The purpose of this study is to discuss cognition of Taiwan regimen food and travel intention of Japanese travelers. The method of the questionary was utilized in this study. Three hundred and ninety three questionnaires were considered valid. Research area of the study took place at the first and second terminals of C.K.S. airport. The target market is focused on Japanese inbound travelers. The major purposes of the study are: 1.to investigate the Japanese travelers’ attributes and the characteristics of travel pattern. 2.to discuss the cognition of Taiwan regimen food of Japanese traveler. 3.to discuss the travel intention of Taiwan regimen food of Japanese traveler. Marjory findings of the study are as follows： 1.62.1％ of the travelers heard regimen food; 61.8％ of the travelers ate regimen food; 70.0％ of the travelers wanted to taste the regimen food; 48.6％ of the travelers wanted to participate in the travel of the regimen food; 20.4％ of the travelers were willing to spend NT 500-667 on regimen food. And Japanese travelers were highly willing to accept protect meal, diet meal and energy meal. But Japanese travelers were only willing to participate in the travel of protect meal. 2.There is an existing significant relationship between some cognition and some characteristics of travel patterns and attributes of Japanese travelers. 3.There is an existing significant relationship between the travel of the regimen food of acceptability and some cognition of Japanese travelers. 4.There is an existing significant relationship between the travel of the regimen food of travel intention and some cognition of Japanese travelers. 5.There is an existing significant relationship between the travel of the regimen food of travel intention and acceptability of Japanese travelers. 6.Each functional meal had more influences on acceptability than cognition for the travel intention.
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Lee, Yoon Jung. "Mission Travelers: Relationship-building and Crosscultural Adaptation". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9900.
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Since 1992, the number of short-term mission (STM) travelers has exponentially increased for more than a decade. The purpose of STMs is to spread religious messages to local residents. In order to spread the word of God, STM travelers attempt to interact with local residents. They want to communicate with local residents in the host community and build a relationship with them. Therefore, for STM travelers their relationship with local residnets really matters. Many tourism scholars have argued that hosts-tourists interaction heavily influences both tourists and hosts. In spite of the increased popularity and the importance of host-tourist interaction in the context of STMs, STMs have received relatively little attention from the tourism research field.
Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to understand short-term mission travelers' interaction with local residents within four existing theories: the theory of leisure and tourist motivation, the theory of cultural hegemony, the gift-exchange theory, and the integrative theory of cross-cultural adaptation. To reach this research aim, this study used a qualitative research design rooted in the constructivist paradigm. A total of 43 STM travelers participated in the interview of this study. Considering the concept of the cultural distance between the participant's home culture and the host culture, American and Korean STM travelers who visited Cambodia or Thailand were recruited. Also, to understand the process of participant's relationship-building and cross-cultural adaptation, both pre- and post-interviews with 26 participants were conducted.
The results showed that STM travelers sought personal and interpersonal rewards from the trip, which supports the theory of leisure motivation. Also, this type of travel had similarities with alternative, mass, and volunteer tourism in terms of tourist motivation. Regarding the theory of cultural hegemony, hegemonic power was exercised through STM travelers' work. STM travelers took advantage of an opportunity to provide what locals wanted as an opportunity to spread their religious message. Furthermore, identified conflicts between Christianity and the local culture support the existence of cultural hegemony. Concerning the relationship-building process of STM travelers, the results suggested that STM travelers built their relationship with local people and God by providing a gift to them and positively evaluating receivers' responses. In terms of the theory of cross-cultural adaptation, this study found support for this theory as successful intercultural adaptation led to a personal transformation in travelers. Finally, cultural distance was considered as a dimension of the intercultural adaptation theory. Regarding the perceived cultural distance, American mission travelers reported cultural distance with the host culture whereas Korean mission travelers expressed a cultural similarity to the host cultures rather than cultural difference.
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Chen, Jing-Xuan, i 陳靜暄. "Business Travelers’ Choice Preference for Business Charter". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13144888022504825144.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
103
Since the aviation industry was deregulated in 1978, liberalization has created innovative market opportunities for low cost carriers and business aviation. While business aviation has been deregulated for decades in developed countries, it is still a new issue in Asia. As Taiwan is located in the central part of East Asian and it has very close relationship with the most important economic entity in the world, Taiwan has the potential to develop business aviation. Therefore, it is a valuable issue to explore Taiwanese business travelers’ preference for business charter in this research. This paper aims to investigate business travelers’ choice behavior between business charter and the business class of commercial airlines in cross-strait market. By applying the stated preference method, this study sets five scenarios with the combination of various levels of fares, waiting time, exclusive clearance services and inflight communication equipment. Besides, the research focuses on business travelers from Taipei to Shanghai. Data were collected by purposive sampling and interviewing business travelers in front of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s VIP centers, departure lounges and the baggage claim areas. A total of 420 valid samples were collected. Then, the binary logit model was employed to analyze how service attributes influence Taiwanese business travelers’ choice behavior. Estimation results indicate that fare is the most important factor. Other factors such as gender, seniority, age, marital status, the number of business trips during the previous year, the duration of the previous business trip, and the amount of company employees remain significant on the probabilities of choosing business charter. Additionally, five specific features of business charter were set as dummy variables in model specification: transfer time saving, travel time controlling, client entertainment, customer visits, and attending international conference attendances. All of them have positive effects on the preference for using business charter. Based on the sample, this study finds that business charter has the potential to be developed in cross-strait air market in the future.
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Hsu, Fang-ching, i 許芳菁. "Travel Motivations and Constraints of Wellness Travelers". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52972623875327938787.
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碩士國立高雄餐旅大學
旅遊管理研究所
104
This study investigates the travel motivations and constraints among wellness travelers in Taiwan. The questionnaire of this study consists of three sections, including wellness travel motivations, wellness travel constraints, and demographics. 500 questionnaires were distributed to guests at the 10 selected hotels from experts by reaserchers or hotel receptionists when guests checked-in. Hotel receptionists would help send back to us. Moreover, reaserchers also distributed questionnaires at some scenic spots to those who have visited to the 10 selected hotels. A total of 483 effective questionnaires were collected. After data collection was completed, the reliability analysis, factor analysis, descriptive statistics, and one way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. Main motivations include ”to relax”, “to give me time and space”, “to spend time with family members”, “to reduce my stress levels”, and “to treat my body well.” 2. Main constraints include “busy for family”, “cannot afford”, “busy for work”, “too far away”, “safety”, and “lack of information.” 3. Demografic items including Gender, Age, Marrige, and Children have significant effect wellness motivations and constraints. The results can be expected to aid in making suggestions to the related industry with regard to service and product design as well as be a reference for future research in wellness tourism.
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Tian, Hengliang. "Travelers' route choice behavior in risky networks". 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3603163.
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The accurate modeling of travelers' route choice decision making when faced with unreliable (risky) travel times is necessary for the assessment of policies aimed at improving travel time reliability. Two major objectives are studied in this thesis. The first objective is to evaluate the applicability of a process model to route choice under risk where the actual process of decision making is captured. Traditionally, we adopt "as-if" econometric models to predict people's route choice decisions. The second objective is to investigate travelers' capability to incorporate future real-time traffic information into their current route choice decision making. Two separate stated preference (SP) surveys were conducted for each objective. The first SP survey used an interactive map in a computer based test. The second SP survey used a full-scale high-fidelity driving simulator. Compared with econometric models, process models have been rarely investigated in travel decision making under risk. A process model aims to describe the actual de cision making procedure and could potentially provide a better explanation to route choice behavior. A process model, Priority Heuristic (PH), developed by Brand statter et al. (2006) is introduced to the travel choice context and its probabilistic version, Probabilistic Priority Heuristic (PPH), is developed and estimated in this study. With data collected from a stated preference (SP) survey which is based on an animated computer interface, one econometric model, Rank-Dependent Expected Utility (RDEU) model, and two other alternative models were compared with the PPH model in a cross validation test to investigate their data-fitting and predictive performance. Our results show that the PPH model outperforms the RDEU model in both data-fitting and predictive performance. This suggests that the process modeling paradigm could be a promising new area in travel behavior research. With the advance of information and telecommunication technology, real-time traffic information is increasingly more available to help travelers make informed route choice decisions when faced with unreliable travel times. A strategic route choice refers to a decision taking into account future diversion possibilities at downstream nodes based on real-time information not yet available at the time of decision-making. Based on the data collected from a driving simulator experiment and a matching PC based experiment, a mixed Logit model with two latent classes, strategic and non strategic route choice, is specified and estimated. The estimates of the latent class probabilities show that a significant portion of route choice decisions are strategic and subjects can learn to make more strategic route choice as they have more experience with the decision scenarios. Non-parametric tests additionally show that network complexity adversely affects travelers' strategic thinking ability in a driving simulator environment but not in a PC environment and a parallel driving task only affects strategic thinking ability in a difficult scenario but not a simple one. In addition, we find that people's strategic thinking ability are influenced by their gender and driving experience (mileage) in the non-parametric analysis, but not in the modeling work. These findings suggest that a realistic route choice model with real-time traffic information should consider both strategic and non-strategic behavior, which vary with the characteristics of both the network and the driver.
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Wiwattarangkul, Chananard, i 陳遂意. "Hostel Business Targeting Female Travelers in Thailand". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68gj73.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
企業管理碩士專班
107
Traveling is an activity that many people choose for their leisure time with family and friends, and for inspiration and re-energizing from their daily tight schedule. The tourism industry has been a major source of revenue that drives many countries’ economy, including Thailand. This business plan studies the opportunity and the feasibility of the newly established Femelle hostel, the female-only hostel, in Bangkok, Thailand. The popularity of Bangkok as a global destination city amongst international tourists, and the current trends of female travelers are the attractive features of entering this business. The Femelle hostel’s business plan starts with the introduction, which includes the interest of this business and the company overview. Business Model Canvas, the Porter’s five forces, and SWOT analysis are used to understand industry and market environment, and to determine business strategy. The target market, positioning, and marketing mix are assembled in the marketing plan to propose the most-fitted channels to create awareness and interaction with target customers and to maintain the customers. The eventual goals of this business are to provide the continual premium services to customers, and sustainable profitability to the owner. This business plan explains the operational and organizational plans that are used to build impression and to meet customers’ expectation. The financial assumption and financial forecast show the possibility and capacity of making long-lasting profit in running this business. The last chapter discusses opportunity for the future expansion of the products and services.
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Chen, Hsiao-wei, i 陳筱葳. "A Study On Intercity Travelers'' Mode Choice Behavior". Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vu58v6.
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碩士逢甲大學
交通工程與管理所
90
In general, data sets used in most transportation studies are either from the Revealed Preference (RP) survey or the Stated Preference (SP) experimental design. However, these two types of data each offer special and different strengths and weaknesses. Analysis exploiting both types of data simultaneously can use the strengths of each type of data to help overcome the weaknesses of the other. This research proposes a methodological framework to incorporate latent factors, such as attitudes and perceptions, as explanatory variables in discrete choice models by using RP and SP data sets simultaneously. The methodology requires the estimation of an integrated multi-equation model consisting of a discrete choice model and the latent variable model’s structural and measurement equations. Three major intercity corridors including Taipei to Kaohsiung, Taichung to Taipei, and Taichung to Kaohsiung, were chosen in this study to investigate travelers’ choice behavior between high speed rail (SP data), air transportation, traditional train, long-range bus service and drive alone. In addition, the market share for each transportation mode was analytically calculated from direct and cross elasticities with respect to certain attributes. This study will provide valuable insights into the future competition or co-existence between four existing modes and HSR business rivals.