Artykuły w czasopismach: „Transport Resource Allocation”

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Jones, Benjamin T., Andrew Solow i Rubao Ji. "Resource Allocation for Lagrangian Tracking". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 33, nr 6 (czerwiec 2016): 1225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-15-0115.1.

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AbstractAccurate estimation of the transport probabilities among regions in the ocean provides valuable information for understanding plankton transport, the spread of pollutants, and the movement of water masses. Individual-based particle-tracking models simulate a large ensemble of Lagrangian particles and are a common method to estimate these transport probabilities. Simulating a large ensemble of Lagrangian particles is computationally expensive, and appropriately allocating resources can reduce the cost of this method. Two universal questions in the design of studies that use Lagrangian particle tracking are how many particles to release and how to distribute particle releases. A method is presented for tailoring the number and the release location of particles to most effectively achieve the objectives of a study. The method detailed here is a sequential analysis procedure that seeks to minimize the number of particles that are required to satisfy a predefined metric of result quality. The study assesses the result quality as the precision of the estimates for the elements of a transport matrix and also describes how the method may be extended for use with other metrics. Applying this methodology to both a theoretical system and a particle transport model of the Gulf of Maine results in more precise estimates of the transport probabilities with fewer particles than from uniformly or randomly distributing particle releases. The application of this method can help reduce the cost of and increase the robustness of results from studies that use Lagrangian particles.

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Kong, Yan, i Shuzhen Pan. "Intelligent Prediction Method for Transport Resource Allocation". Sensors and Materials 31, nr 6 (7.06.2019): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.18494/sam.2019.2339.

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Shariat-Mohaymany, Afshin, i Mohsen Babaei. "AN APPROXIMATE RELIABILITY EVALUATION METHOD FOR IMPROVING TRANSPORTATION NETWORK PERFORMANCE". TRANSPORT 25, nr 2 (30.06.2010): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.24.

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Considering the importance of maintaining network performance at desired levels under uncertainty, network reliability, as a new approach to assessing the performance of degradable urban transportation networks, has become increasingly developed in two recent decades. In this paper, a method for optimizing resource allocation to meet the required levels of transportation network reliability is proposed. The worked out method consists of two stages: at stage one, a method for computing the reliability of network connectivity based on the reliability of computing arc performance with an assumption that capacities are random variables for each arc is presented. These random variables are assumed to be conformed to especial probability density functions which can be modified through investing to improve the performance reliability of the arcs. At stage two, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model is developed to optimize resource allocation in the network. Numerical results are also provided in a simple network to demonstrate the capability of the employed method.

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Feng, Cheng-Min, i Cheng-Hsien Hsieh. "Effect of Resource Allocation Policies on Urban Transport Diversity". Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 24, nr 7 (październik 2009): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2009.00608.x.

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Gong, Xiaofeng, Li Kun i C. H. Lai. "Optimal resource allocation for efficient transport on complex networks". EPL (Europhysics Letters) 83, nr 2 (20.06.2008): 28001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/83/28001.

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Späth, Jan. "Dynamic routing and resource allocation in WDM transport networks". Computer Networks 32, nr 5 (maj 2000): 519–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-1286(00)00014-1.

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Su, Yang, Zhan-qi Xu i Zeng-ji Liu. "Joint routing and resource allocation in optical transport networks". Optoelectronics Letters 2, nr 6 (listopad 2006): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03033639.

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Pereira, Rickson, Azzedine Boukerche, Marco A. C. da Silva, Luis H. V. Nakamura, Heitor Freitas, Geraldo P. Rocha Filho i Rodolfo I. Meneguette. "FORESAM—FOG Paradigm-Based Resource Allocation Mechanism for Vehicular Clouds". Sensors 21, nr 15 (24.07.2021): 5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155028.

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The Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) has the objective quality of transportation improvement through transportation system monitoring and management and makes the trip more comfortable and safer for drivers and passengers. The mobile clouds can assist the ITS in handling the resource management problem. However, resource allocation management in an ITS is challenging due to vehicular network characteristics, such as high mobility and dynamic topology. With that in mind, we propose the FORESAM, a mechanism for resources management and allocation based on a set of FOGs which control vehicular cloud resources in the urban environment. The mechanism is based on a more accurate mathematical model (Multiple Attribute Decision), which aims to assist the allocation decision of resources set that meets the period requested service. The simulation results have shown that the proposed solution allows a higher number of services, reducing the number of locks of services with its accuracy. Furthermore, its resource allocation is more balanced the provided a smaller amount of discarded services.

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Wilczarska, Joanna, Szymon Wedda i Julyi Boiko. "Efficiency of resource allocation to tasks in a transport company". MATEC Web of Conferences 375 (2023): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202337502007.

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The modern market makes the competition between economic entities very high. There are a lot of companies with a similar profile and size. Therefore, it is necessary to compete on many levels. Efficiency, both in terms of the use of material resources and human resources, becomes a key aspect. In the case of the use of material resources, the subject is very widely discussed and crucial for most enterprises. Companies try to keep vehicles in use for as long as possible.

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Sanyal, Soumendra Nath, Izabela Nielsen i Subrata Saha. "Multi-Objective Human Resource Allocation Approach for Sustainable Traffic Management". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, nr 7 (4.04.2020): 2470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072470.

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Efficient human resource deployment is one of the key aspects of road traffic management for maintaining the lifelines of any metropolitan city. The problem becomes relevant when collaboration between human resources with different skills in day-to-day operations is necessary to maintain public and commercial transport, manage various social events and emergency situations, and hence reduce congestion, injuries, emissions, etc. This study proposes a two-phase fuzzy multi-objective binary programming model for optimal allocation of five different categories of human resources to minimize the overall operational cost, maximize the allocation to accident-prone road segments, minimize the number of volunteer personnel and maximize the direct contact to reduce emissions and road traffic violations, simultaneously. A binary programming model is formulated to provide an efficient individual manpower allocation schedule for multiple road segments at different shifts. A case study is proposed for model evaluation and to derive managerial implications. The proposed model can be used to draw insights into human resource allocation planning in traffic management to reduce road traffic congestion, injuries and vehicular emissions.

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Feng, Cheng-Min, i Cheng-Hsien Hsieh. "Resource Allocation for Sustainable Urban Transit from a Transport Diversity Perspective". Sustainability 1, nr 4 (2.11.2009): 960–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su1040960.

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Bowers, John, Bob Lyons i Gillian Mould. "Developing a resource allocation model for the Scottish patient transport service". Operations Research for Health Care 1, nr 4 (grudzień 2012): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orhc.2012.10.002.

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Li, Wenjing, Yueqi Zi, Lei Feng, Fanqing Zhou, Peng Yu i Xuesong Qiu. "Latency-Optimal Virtual Network Functions Resource Allocation for 5G Backhaul Transport Network Slicing". Applied Sciences 9, nr 4 (18.02.2019): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040701.

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The concept of network slicing (NS) has been proposed for flexible resource provisioning where a physical resource is partitioned into logically independent networks on demand. The NS resource allocation implies the definition of a feasible path in the infrastructure network with adequate resource availability. However, due to complex structural characteristics of the backhaul transport network, a number of issues arise when fast deploying the end-to-end (E2E) slices onto network infrastructures. In this paper, a pair-decision resource allocation model is firstly formulated to construct the mapping relationship between logical networks and substrate networks in a coordinated way. In order to improve extreme quality of service (QoS) and user experiment, latency-optimal virtual resource allocation problem is defined, subject to the backhaul capacity and bandwidth constraints. The problem is formulated as an integer linear programming (ILP) and solved with the branch-and-bound scheme, whose resolution yields an optimal virtual network function (VNF) placement and traffic routing policy. Numerical results reveal that the proposed scheme can enable the transport network latency optimization with a reduction of up to 30% and 41.6% compared to the Network Slice Design Problem (NSDP) and Random Fit Placement Algorithm (RFPA) schemes respectively. In the meanwhile, the network load balance and serviceability have been improved efficiently with better resource utilization as well.

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Bai, Wenfei, Rengkui Liu, Ru An, Futian Wang i Quanxin Sun. "RENEWAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN RAIL TRANSIT ASSETS". Transport 34, nr 1 (16.01.2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.6722.

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Decision-making surrounding asset renewal is essential for the efficient use of renewal resources and safe operation of urban rail transit. In this study, major problems in the current management of urban rail industries in countries with the same problems as those in China were analysed, and in response, a renewal management framework based on service life estimation was proposed to provide adequate decision-making support for urban rail transit assets. In this framework, the cumulative failure frequency of an asset is used to indicate its health condition, and considering the uncertainties and heterogeneities in the deterioration process of assets, a Poisson–Weibull process model-based methodology was developed to estimate the service and residual lives of each asset, which are then employed in analysing its renewal demand and renewal period. Finally, the model is validated through an empirical study of rail renewal in the Beijing Metro. Our evaluation demonstrates that the proposed framework can estimate each asset’s service life accurately and can be used by asset management personnel to establish reasonable renewal plans and provide decision-making support for a scientifically informed resource allocation, thus mitigating major problems in current management practices.

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Könsgen, Andreas, Md Shahabuddin, Amanpreet Singh i Anna Förster. "A Mathematical Model for Efficient and Fair Resource Assignment in Multipath Transport". Future Internet 11, nr 2 (10.02.2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11020039.

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Multipath transport protocols are aimed at increasing the throughput of data flows as well as maintaining fairness between users, which are both crucial factors to maximize user satisfaction. In this paper, a mixed (non)linear programming (MINLP) solution is developed which provides an optimum solution to allocate link capacities in a network to a number of given traffic demands considering both the maximization of link utilization as well as fairness between transport layer data flows or subflows. The solutions of the MINLP formulation are evaluated w. r. t. their throughput and fairness using well-known metrics from the literature. It is shown that network flow fairness based capacity allocation achieves better fairness results than the bottleneck-based methods in most cases while yielding the same capacity allocation performance.

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Liu, Ming, i Yihong Xiao. "Optimal Scheduling of Logistical Support for Medical Resource with Demand Information Updating". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/765098.

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This paper presents a discrete time-space network model for a dynamic resource allocation problem following an epidemic outbreak in a region. It couples a forecasting mechanism for dynamic demand of medical resource based on an epidemic diffusion model and a multistage programming model for optimal allocation and transport of such resource. At each stage, the linear programming solves for a cost minimizing resource allocation solution subject to a time-varying demand that is forecasted by a recursion model. The rationale that the medical resource allocated in early periods will take effect in subduing the spread of epidemic and thus impact the demand in later periods has been incorporated in such recursion model. A custom genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the proposed model, and a numerical example is presented for sensitivity analysis of the parameters. We compare the proposed medical resource allocation mode with two traditional operation modes in practice and find that our model is superior to any of them in less waste of resource and less logistic cost. The results may provide some practical guidelines for a decision-maker who is in charge of medical resource allocation in an epidemics control effort.

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Zhang, Ruofan, i Gensuo Mi. "Research on Train-to-Train Communication Resource Allocation for Urban Rail Transport". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2491, nr 1 (1.04.2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2491/1/012009.

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Abstract As communication technology improves and urban rail communication system develops, the new CBTC (Communication-Based Train Control) system built upon train – train(T2T) communication has become the mainstream of future rail transit signaling systems. In the future train-centered CBTC system, Train-to-Ground (T2G Train-to-Ground) mode may coexists with T2T communication mode. To reduce the interference and ensure the reliable transmission of information and system security, a joint channel allocation and power control communication resource distrbution method is proposed, which firstly allocates channels to users by the Hungarian algorithm, and then make use of sparrow search algorithm to coordinates the user’s transmit power. Obtained by simulation results, this suggested strategy not only reduces interferences caused by resource sharing and satisfies the dependability of the system, but also significantly improves the throughput of the system.

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Tao, Yumeng, i Hongyan Dui. "Reliability and Resource Allocation and Recovery of Urban Transportation System Considering the Virus Transmission". International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 7, nr 4 (17.07.2022): 476–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2022.7.4.031.

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The urban transport system is an integral part of a city and is essential for the proper functioning of other urban functional systems. To improve the resilience of urban transport systems under the background of the spreading COVID-19 epidemic, this paper predicts the number of patients of various types at each stage of epidemic development based on an improved infectious disease model for Wuhan and verifies the validity of the model using statistical methods. Then, a system reliability model is developed from the perspective of controlling the spread of the virus and reducing economic losses, and the optimal time points for urban traffic closure and recovery are determined. Finally, a resource allocation optimization model was developed to determine the number and location of resource allocation points which based on 19 hospitals to avoid the further spread of the virus. The results give a valuable reference for enhancing the resilience of urban transport systems and improving their performance in all phases.

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Aubry, Emilie, Sylvie Dinant, Françoise Vilaine, Catherine Bellini i Rozenn Le Hir. "Lateral Transport of Organic and Inorganic Solutes". Plants 8, nr 1 (15.01.2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8010020.

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Organic (e.g., sugars and amino acids) and inorganic (e.g., K+, Na+, PO42−, and SO42−) solutes are transported long-distance throughout plants. Lateral movement of these compounds between the xylem and the phloem, and vice versa, has also been reported in several plant species since the 1930s, and is believed to be important in the overall resource allocation. Studies of Arabidopsis thaliana have provided us with a better knowledge of the anatomical framework in which the lateral transport takes place, and have highlighted the role of specialized vascular and perivascular cells as an interface for solute exchanges. Important breakthroughs have also been made, mainly in Arabidopsis, in identifying some of the proteins involved in the cell-to-cell translocation of solutes, most notably a range of plasma membrane transporters that act in different cell types. Finally, in the future, state-of-art imaging techniques should help to better characterize the lateral transport of these compounds on a cellular level. This review brings the lateral transport of sugars and inorganic solutes back into focus and highlights its importance in terms of our overall understanding of plant resource allocation.

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Lin, Anna, Kristine Taylor i Ronald S. Cohen. "Triage by Resource Allocation for INpatients: A Novel Disaster Triage Tool for Hospitalized Pediatric Patients". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 12, nr 6 (31.01.2018): 692–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2017.139.

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AbstractObjectiveTo develop a disaster triage tool for the evacuation of hospitalized neonatal and pediatric populations.MethodsWe expanded an existing neonatal disaster triage tool for the evacuation of a children’s hospital. We assessed inpatients using bedside visual assessments and chart review to categorize patients transport level based on local emergency medical services protocols and expert opinion. The tool was refined by using multiple Plan Do Study Act cycles. Primary outcome was the number of each level of transport required for hospital evacuation. Secondary outcome was improved efficiency of obtaining information about specific transport needs for evacuation.ResultsWe evaluated 1382 patients both visually and through electronic chart review over 10 random days. Accordance between visual assessment and electronic chart review reached 96.3%. During a 2 hour statewide disaster drill, no hospital units completed self-assessed transport needs for their patients; a single nurse used Triage by Resource Allocation in INpatients to determine transportation needs in less than 1 hour. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:692-696)

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Brauner, Katrin, Benjamin Birami, Horst A. Brauner i Arnd G. Heyer. "Diurnal periodicity of assimilate transport shapes resource allocation and whole-plant carbon balance". Plant Journal 94, nr 5 (16.04.2018): 776–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13898.

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Vilalta, Ricard, Raul Muñoz, Ramon Casellas, Ricardo Martínez, Fei Li i Pengcheng Tang. "Experimental validation of resource allocation in transport network slicing using the ADRENALINE testbed". Photonic Network Communications 40, nr 2 (27.08.2020): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11107-020-00902-y.

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Allgaier, Rachel L., Nina Shaafi-Kabiri, Carla A. Romney, Lee A. Wallis, John Joseph Burke, Jaspreet Bhangu i Kevin C. Thomas. "Use of Predictive Modeling to Plan for Special Event Medical Care During Mass Gathering Events". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 13, nr 5-6 (6.06.2019): 874–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.1.

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ABSTRACTObjectives:In 2010, South Africa (SA) hosted the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup (soccer). Emergency Medical Services (EMS) used the SA mass gathering medicine (MGM) resource model to predict resource allocation. This study analyzed data from the World Cup and compared them with the resource allocation predicted by the SA mass gathering model.Methods:Prospectively, data were collected from patient contacts at 9 venues across the Western Cape province of South Africa. Required resources were based on the number of patients seeking basic life support (BLS), intermediate life support (ILS), and advanced life support (ALS). Overall patient presentation rates (PPRs) and transport to hospital rates (TTHRs) were also calculated.Results:BLS services were required for 78.4% (n = 1279) of patients and were consistently overestimated using the SA mass gathering model. ILS services were required for 14.0% (n = 228), and ALS services were required for 3.1% (n = 51) of patients. Both ILS and ALS services, and TTHR were underestimated at smaller venues.Conclusions:The MGM predictive model overestimated BLS requirements and inconsistently predicted ILS and ALS requirements. MGM resource models, which are heavily based on predicted attendance levels, have inherent limitations, which may be improved by using research-based outcomes.

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Roman, Charlotte, i Paolo Turrini. "Fighting for Routes: Resource Allocation among Competing Planners in Transportation Networks". Games 14, nr 3 (28.04.2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g14030037.

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In transportation networks, incomplete information is ubiquitous, and users often delegate their route choice to distributed route planners. To model and study these systems, we introduce network control games, consisting of multiple actors seeking to optimise the social welfare of their assigned subpopulations through resource allocation in an underlying nonatomic congestion game. We first analyse the inefficiency of the routing equilibria by calculating the Price of Anarchy for polynomial cost functions, and then, using an Asynchronous Advantage Actor–Critic algorithm implementation, we show that reinforcement learning agents are vulnerable to choosing suboptimal routing as predicted by the theory. Finally, we extend the analysis to allow vehicles to choose their route planner and study the associated equilibria. Our results can be applied to mitigate inefficiency issues arising in large transport networks with route controlled autonomous vehicles.

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Tica, Slaven, Valentina Radojičić, Goran Marković i Dejan Marković. "MODELLING FOR EVALUATIONS OF CALL CENTER FOR PUBLIC TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS". Technological and Economic Development of Economy 17, nr 1 (17.03.2011): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2011.554023.

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This paper is dealing with functional organization of a call center based on human operator work. Due to significant fluctuations of user demands during the day and from day to day, the determination of required number of agents appears as actual giving the opportunities for efficient management. The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model for optimal resource allocation in a call center in order to provide a satisfactory quality of service at all times, without having more agents than necessary. The objective is to find the best staffing levels or schedule that minimizes the daily costs while satisfying all constraints. To solve this problem, we propose here a two-level dynamic programming (DP) algorithm that determines the required staffing levels by shifts. The algorithm enables optimal allocation of available human resources such that the operation costs are reduced as much as possible. The practical sample is demonstrated in a case of a call center for public traffic and transport systems in metropolitan. The results comparison for different shifts duration is performed.

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Shalitin, Dror, i Shmuel Wolf. "Interaction between phloem proteins and viral movement proteins". Functional Plant Biology 27, nr 9 (2000): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp99153.

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This paper originates from a presentation at the International Conference on Assimilate Transport and Partitioning, Newcastle, NSW, August 1999 Recent studies support the concept that long-distance signals are involved in the regulation of resource allocation among the various plant organs. Following the finding that viral movement proteins (MPs) can exert an effect on sugar metabolism and resource allocation at sites distant from their expression, we suggested that the MPs interfere with an element(s) involved in the plant’s endogenous long-distance signal network. To provide experimental support for this hypothesis, several unique procedures were employed to identify interactions between viral MPs and phloem sap proteins (PSPs) collected from cut petioles of squash (Cucurbita pepo L. subsp. pepo) and melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants. Far-western experiments with blotted PSPs, using both bacteria-overexpressed and in vitro-translated CMV- and TMV-MPs, revealed that the two virally encoded proteins react specifically with more than one PSP. Moreover, isolation of the naturally folded phloem protein in an affinity column containing a TMV-MP-maltose-binding protein indicated, once again, an interaction between the viral protein and similar PSPs. Two melon PSPs with molecular masses of 8 and 23 kDa were found to specifically interact with both the CMV- and TMV-MPs. The possible effects of this interaction in terms of altering the process of phloem transport and resource allocation are discussed.

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Schepens, Diana, Ross P. Carlson, Jeff Heys, Ashley E. Beck i Tomáš Gedeon. "Role of resource allocation and transport in emergence of cross-feeding in microbial consortia". Journal of Theoretical Biology 467 (kwiecień 2019): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.01.030.

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Cao, Shaona, Dewei Li i Shaona Cao. "Optimization Research of Emergency Resource on Rail Transit Allocation Location Considering Multiple Transport Modes". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1486 (kwiecień 2020): 072015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1486/7/072015.

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Meneguette, Rodolfo, Robson De Grande, Jo Ueyama, Geraldo P. Rocha Filho i Edmundo Madeira. "Vehicular Edge Computing: Architecture, Resource Management, Security, and Challenges". ACM Computing Surveys 55, nr 1 (31.01.2023): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485129.

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Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC), based on the Edge Computing motivation and fundamentals, is a promising technology supporting Intelligent Transport Systems services, smart city applications, and urban computing. VEC can provide and manage computational resources closer to vehicles and end-users, providing access to services at lower latency and meeting the minimum execution requirements for each service type. This survey describes VEC’s concepts and technologies; we also present an overview of existing VEC architectures, discussing them and exemplifying them through layered designs. Besides, we describe the underlying vehicular communication in supporting resource allocation mechanisms. With the intent to overview the risks, breaches, and measures in VEC, we review related security approaches and methods. Finally, we conclude this survey work with an overview and study of VEC’s main challenges. Unlike other surveys in which they are focused on content caching and data offloading, this work proposes a taxonomy based on the architectures in which VEC serves as the central element. VEC supports such architectures in capturing and disseminating data and resources to offer services aimed at a smart city through their aggregation and the allocation in a secure manner.

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Klavsuts, Irina, i Natalia Shcherbakova. "Digital management of electricity consumption as a factor of transport company value". E3S Web of Conferences 376 (2023): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337604022.

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Transport industry enterprises consume a significant amount of electricity, and management impacts on this process with the help of digital technologies will reduce costs and allow to obtain other beneficial effects. The paper points out that the development of transport infrastructure, electric transport and all categories of smart transport increases the dependence of the efficiency of the functioning of transport companies on the consumed volumes and quality of electric energy. The authors considered the effects from using new methods of digital management of resource consumption, which include increasing the stability of the power system, increasing the accuracy of measuring consumed resources, as well as solving the problems of effective planning and resource allocation. The influence of the effects of digital management of electricity consumption is considered from the standpoint of value-based management. The key conditions for the information support of the functioning of control systems is a change in the format and method of information exchange, i.e. the transition from the transmission of analog data to digitized information blocks. The results of the study are to confirm the positive impact of the use of digital technologies in the management of electricity consumption, primarily on reducing operating costs and, as a result, increasing the value of transport companies, as well as highlighting the prospects for their widespread use in transport systems, which may be the subject of future research.

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Fauss, Emma, Michael E. Gorman i Nathan Swami. "Using Expert Elicitation to Prioritize Resource Allocation for Risk Identification for Nanosilver". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, nr 4 (2009): 770–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00447.x.

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Many of today’s uses of nanotechnology and nanomaterials can comfortably fall under the current regulatory system with minor adjustments. However, the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies has pointed out that the U.S. regulatory system is not prepared to deal with successive generations of nanotechnology and emergent technologies. Nanotechnology presents a challenge. The current regulatory standards and methods are no longer sufficient to help ensure the public’s safety. It is an area of high uncertainty in which environment, health, and safety information is scarce; there is no single index such as concentration to measure toxicity; standards do not yet exist; the ready environmental transport of nanomaterials can increase the chance of exposure; real-time monitoring is not available; and nanomaterials might have systemlevel human and environmental risks. Thus, there is a need for a new and improved oversight system. Within this system there is a need for quickly assessing risks of emergent technologies so that informed policy decisions can be made.

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Gumashta, Raghvendra. "Strengthening of sentinel surveillance through priority settings in public health resource allocation". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, nr 8 (22.07.2017): 2798. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173326.

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Background: Sentinel Surveillance assists in designing, re-designing and formulating health policy, programs and public health interventions and hence there is need to have a relook into the need for improving its implementation, monitoring and evaluation. Methods: Informal interview based cross sectional study was undertaken during January 2015 to December 2016 among the programmatic stakeholders including the doctors, laboratory technicians and support staff for understanding of the constraints observed during conduct of surveillance. Results: Time constraint and delayed supply of goods (94%), non-observance of guidelines (56%), dilution of sample quality (46%), requirement of training needs assessment (32%), absence of local communication network among stakeholders (68%), need for new initiatives (68%) and need for well trained staff during sample transport (34%) are important areas for quality enhancement. Conclusions: Framework support for surveillance requires strengthening from technical inputs of stakeholders thereby facilitating multi stage corrective actions directed towards achievement of appropriate public health actions.

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Yan, Zhen-ying, Xiao-juan Li i Bao-ming Han. "Collaborative optimisation of resource capacity allocation and fare rate for high-speed railway passenger transport". Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management 10 (sierpień 2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrtpm.2019.05.001.

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Su, Yang, Zhanqi Xu, Ruiqin Zhao i Zengji Liu. "Study on strategy of dynamic joint routing and resource allocation in layered optical transport networks". Journal of Electronics (China) 25, nr 2 (marzec 2008): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11767-006-0164-8.

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Scholz, Michael, Sven Kreitlein i Jörg Franke. "E|Flow - Decentralized Computer Architecture and Simulation Models for Sustainable and Resource Efficient Intralogistics". Applied Mechanics and Materials 856 (listopad 2016): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.856.117.

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Nowadays material flow in factories is realized by different concepts of transport. Each of those specific conveyers has pros and cons due to its concept. In general, the state of art of transport systems have a low flexibility of the path planning and are not suitable for dynamic transport requirements, wherefore they are designed for a specific application. Generally, the common systems cover a specific task of transportation and can fulfill a predefined maximum amount of transportation orders. Due to the effects of mass-customization there is an increase of the variance of the products combined with a reduction of the number of units per variation and a volatile costumer demand. Therefore, it is necessary that the next generations of production lines, especially the intralogistics transportation systems, have to be designed more adaptable and flexible. The object of the research in this paper is a cyber-physical material flow system with flexible, autonomous and collaborative vehicles combined with centralized sensors to digitalize the workspace. Furthermore, the number of vehicles in the system can be adjusted to the volume of the transport requirement, wherefore the system is suitable for different tasks in the intralogistics. Due to the approach of a decentralized digitalization of the workspace on the one hand side and the decentralized architecture of the path planning and order allocation system on the other hand side the concept lead to a nearly endless scalability of the system. The scalability is only restricted by the maximum number of entities which can use the communication system. Therefore, it is possible that the system adjust itself to the actual intralogistics demand as well as the dimension of the field of operation. This lead to a self-adjustable intralogistics transportation system which avoid a physical redesign of the whole system if the intralogistics demand is changing. To validate the approach, the decentralized intelligence of the transport entities and the production units is implemented in a discrete event simulation. In this simulation environment different task allocation methods, sizes of the transportation fleet, lot size management concepts and site layout concepts can be compared and rated which each other.

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Pawel Gromek i Rafal Wrobel. "Risk Assessment in Road Transport. Operational Perspective of the Fire Service in Poland". Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 22, nr 4 (1.10.2020): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2020.4.173-181.

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The paper presents a fire service determined picture of road safety in Poland in its operational (non-system and system) dimensions. It focuses on the road risk assessment, using data related to interventions conducted in 2015-2019 by entities of the State Firefighting Rescue System. The database of the Main Headquarters of the State Fire Service in Poland is adopted and 661,775 emergency road interventions are taken into account.The results state general framework for procedures, resource allocation and training for fire services. The framework is determined by the riskiest kinds of events on the Polish roads. It refers to micro scale (in relation to operational procedures, tactics and strategies, allocation of equipment and training programs) and macro scale (regarding to emergency system, central-planned equipment procurements and training framework).

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Fertner, Christian, i Juliane Große. "Compact and Resource Efficient Cities? Synergies and Trade-offs in European Cities". European Spatial Research and Policy 23, nr 1 (7.07.2016): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2016-0004.

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Cities are the main consumers of energy and resources but at the same time are considered as centres for innovation which can provide solutions to unsustainable development. An important concept regarding energy and resource efficiency on the scale of the city and city-region is the compact city. Compact cities and compact urban development are thought to decrease energy and resource demand per capita and increase efficiency. At the same time trade-offs and potential rebound effects of increased resource efficiency question certain achievements of a compact urban structure. This paper reviews aspects of resource and energy efficiency in compact city development in a European context. We conclude that, if the idea of the compact city should have any effect on resource and energy efficiency, accompanying measures have to be implemented, such as e.g. efficient public transport systems to offer alternative travel modes. Also the allocation of efficiency gains due to compact urban development has to be taken into account in order to avoid direct and indirect rebound effects.

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Chen, Yun Han, Gui He Qin i Yang Nan. "The Network Management Based Multi-Channel Connection Management of MOST". Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (sierpień 2013): 1604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.1604.

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In order to provide higher available bandwidth, flexible accessing and shared multimedia resource to the application in Media oriented systems transport (MOST) network. This paper proposed an implementation strategy of MOST network management, which is described by finite state mechanism model, discussed the scheme of multiple synchronous audio or video channel connection (SA/VCC) management. These works give an improved solution for MOST, which supports flexible accessing and reliable data transmission for multimedia devices, provides reasonable bandwidth allocation and shared multimedia resource in synchronous channel in practical.

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George, Stacey, Christopher Barr, Angela Berndt, Maria Crotty, Rachel Milte, Amy Nussio i Jacki Liddle. "Community Participation for People with Trauma Injuries: A Study Protocol of a Crossover Randomised Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of a Community Mobility Group Intervention (CarFreeMe TI)". Brain Impairment 20, nr 1 (13.02.2019): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2019.1.

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Background: Following traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries, maximising community participation leads to better physical and mental health outcomes.Objectives: To determine the effectiveness and health system resource use of a group intervention (CarFreeMe TI) on community participation in people with complex trauma injuries.Method: Randomised crossover trial of 54 participants, recruited from rehabilitation services in Adelaide, Australia. Inclusion criteria is a trauma injury, unable to return to full driving, aged over 18 years of age, adequate cognition/behavioural/communication abilities to participate in sessions and mobile. Exclusion criterion is living in setting where alternative transport is provided. Participants will be randomly assigned on a 1:1 allocation basis, to receiving Phase 1 CarFreeMe TI-group-based intervention or Phase 2 information related to transport options. Then, crossover to Phase 1 or 2 will occur. Primary outcome measure is community participation using a Global Positioning System. Secondary outcome measures include Community Mobility Self-efficacy Scale; CarFreeMe TI Transport Questionnaire, AQOL, EQ-5D-5L; Carer's Community Mobility Self-efficacy Scale and Modified Carer Strain Index for carers of participants. Outcome assessors will be blinded to group allocation. All analyses will be on an intention to treat basis with difference in community participation between the groups determined via a GLM ANOVA and the significance between groups on other measures using independent sample t-tests. It is hypothesised that the community mobility intervention (CarFreeMeTI) will result in increased community participation.Discussion: The results will provide proof of concept information on the feasibility and inform allocation of resources for people with complex trauma injuries.Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12616001254482.

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Guo, Songtao, Chuangyin Dang i Xiaofeng Liao. "Distributed algorithms for resource allocation of physical and transport layers in wireless cognitive ad hoc networks". Wireless Networks 17, nr 2 (24.09.2010): 337–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-010-0283-x.

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Sun, Fudong, i Shuguang Liu. "Research on the Issues of Resource Allocation Efficiency of Multimodal Transport in Yangtze River Economic Zone". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 234 (8.03.2019): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/234/1/012037.

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Ma, Jinlong, Huiling Wang, Xiangyang Xu, Weizhan Han, Congwen Duan i Zhaohui Qi. "Improved efficient queue resource reallocation strategy for traffic dynamics on scale-free networks". International Journal of Modern Physics C 30, nr 08 (sierpień 2019): 1950056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183119500566.

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In recent years, the transportation systems have to face the increasing challenges of congestion and inefficiency, and therefore the research on traffic dynamics of complex networks has become a significant area. When the total node capacity of the network is fixed, a reasonable queue resource reallocation strategy is effective in improving the network traffic capacity. In this paper, a new queue resource allocation method is proposed based on the betweenness centrality and the degree centrality of nodes. With the proposed strategy, the node queue length is allocated accurately to enhance the transport efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the traffic capacity of the scale-free networks.

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Ravasio, Matteo, Gian Paolo Incremona, Patrizio Colaneri, Andrea Dolcini i Piero Moia. "Distributed Nonlinear AIMD Algorithms for Electric Bus Charging Plants". Energies 14, nr 15 (21.07.2021): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154389.

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Recently, the introduction of electric vehicles has given rise to a new paradigm in the transportation field, spurring the public transport service in the direction of using completely electric bus fleets. In this context, one of the main challenges is that of guaranteeing an optimal scheduling of the charging process, while reducing the power supply requested from the main grid, and improving the efficiency of the resource allocation. Therefore, in this paper, a power allocation strategy is proposed in order to optimize the charging of electric bus fleets, while fulfilling the limitation imposed on the maximum available power, as well as ensuring limited charging times. Specifically, relying on real bus charging scenarios, a charging optimization algorithm based on a Nonlinear Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (NAIMD) strategy is proposed and discussed. This approach is designed on the basis of real charging power curves related to the batteries of the considered vehicles. Moreover, the adopted NAIMD algorithm allows us to minimize the sum of charging times in the presence of saturation constraints in a distributed way and with a small amount of aggregated data sent over the communication network. Finally, an extensive simulation campaign is illustrated, showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach both in allocating the power resources and in sizing the maximum power capacity of charging plants in progress.

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Yang, Fan, Fei Yan, Chikun Zhang, Xiaoying Tang, Jianchang Li, Xindan Zhang i Yingxin Gan. "Applying the Virtual Input-Output Method to the Identification of Key Nodes in Busy Traffic Network". Complexity 2021 (13.04.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559857.

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How to identify the key nodes effectively in urban traffic networks to achieve the equitable resource allocation face to the complex traffic network? This issue needs to be solved in current traffic management. This study considered the urban traffic network topology and network traffic status, put forward an improved model based on the economics of the input-output method by introducing a virtual node to the selected network set up with the flow of urban traffic network, sensor nodes by Leontief inverse matrix calculation coefficient to determine node importance, according to the node importance to deliberate attack traffic network to analyze its robustness, to test the accuracy and practicability of the method. The results show that this improved method adopted to measure the importance of traffic nodes from the global scope has the advantages of fast calculation and simple process and provides a more reliable basis for rational allocation of transport resources.

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Wu, Yi-Chang, i Huan-Chun Wang. "Laboratory environment monitoring and specimen transport robots". IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 8, nr 4 (1.12.2019): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v8i4.pp313-326.

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Robots have been used in various areas to replace manpower, reduce costs, and facilitate more effective resource allocation. This study sought to assist the business of the bureau by developing two robots using the Robot Operating System. The developed robots have autonomous intelligent navigation functions and are suited to monitor the environment of <br /> the laboratories in the bureau. One robot had a temperature and humidity sensor and an infrared thermal camera, and it could be used to patrol and monitor the laboratory environment. The other robot had drawers in which specimens could be placed; robotic arm in the elevator could coordinate and control elevators, enabling the robot to move and transport specimens autonomously. Plenty of tests were conducted to verify the feasibility <br /> and practicality.

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Ma, Jinlong, Huiling Wang, Hao Ren, Xiangyang Xu, Dongwen Zhang i Guangyuan Liu. "Traffic dynamics on two-layer multiplex networks with limited queue resource". International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, nr 26 (20.10.2019): 1950312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219503120.

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Modeling multiple complex systems as multiplex networks has refreshed our opinions about the structure and dynamics of assorted real-world systems. By studying the traffic dynamics of two-layer multiplex networks, it can be found that the limited buffer queue length of each node in both the logical and physical layers is one of the factors that restrict the whole network traffic capacity. Since high degree nodes in the network may bear heavier load, it is necessary to allocate a larger buffer queue to them. In order to enhance the transport efficiency, a new queue allocation strategy is proposed to alleviate the congestion of the two-layer multiplex networks. By extensive computer simulations, the proposed strategy can effectively improve the traffic capacity of the multiplex networks.

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Bacht, Michael, Mika T. Tarkka, Iván Fernández López, Markus Bönn, Roland Brandl, François Buscot, Lasse Feldhahn, Thorsten E. E. Grams, Sylvie Herrmann i Martin Schädler. "Tree Response to Herbivory Is Affected by Endogenous Rhythmic Growth and Attenuated by Cotreatment With a Mycorrhizal Fungus". Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, nr 6 (czerwiec 2019): 770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-18-0290-r.

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Herbivores and mycorrhizal fungi interactively influence growth, resource utilization, and plant defense responses. We studied these interactions in a tritrophic system comprising Quercus robur, the herbivore Lymantria dispar, and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Piloderma croceum under controlled laboratory conditions at the levels of gene expression and carbon and nitrogen (C/N) allocation. Taking advantage of the endogenous rhythmic growth displayed by oak, we thereby compared gene transcript abundances and resource shifts during shoot growth with those during the alternating root growth flushes. During root flush, herbivore feeding on oak leaves led to an increased expression of genes related to plant growth and enriched gene ontology terms related to cell wall, DNA replication, and defense. C/N-allocation analyses indicated an increased export of resources from aboveground plant parts to belowground. Accordingly, the expression of genes related to the transport of carbohydrates increased upon herbivore attack in leaves during the root flush stage. Inoculation with an ectomycorrhizal fungus attenuated these effects but, instead, caused an increased expression of genes related to the production of volatile organic compounds. We conclude that oak defense response against herbivory is strong in root flush at the transcriptomic level but this response is strongly inhibited by inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi and it is extremely weak at shoot flush.

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Wen, Jing, Bin Zhan i Xiao Hui Zhang. "Research and Application of Activity-Based Costing in Drop and Pull Transport Enterprises Cost Management". Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (lipiec 2014): 1888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.1888.

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In order to realize the accurate accounting, accurate tracking and effective control of the cost of drop and pull transport enterprises, this paper established the costing model based on TDABC and combined with relevant cases to explain its implementation process. The cost accounting model makes cost accounting more convenient and economic, resource allocation and activitiy process more intuitive and clear, effectively improves the accuracy of cost accounting of drop and pull transport enterprise. TDABC will avoid the offset of costs and benefits in the traditional cost method, help enterprises to understand the overall development of its own operating characteristics and provide new ideas.

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Hemavathi, Hemavathi, Sreenatha Reddy Akhila, Youseef Alotaibi, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf i Saleh Alghamdi. "Authentication and Resource Allocation Strategies during Handoff for 5G IoVs Using Deep Learning". Energies 15, nr 6 (9.03.2022): 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062006.

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One of the most sought-after applications of cellular technology is transforming a vehicle into a device that can connect with the outside world, similar to smartphones. This connectivity is changing the automotive world. With the speedy growth and densification of vehicles in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technology, the need for consistency in communication amongst vehicles becomes more significant. This technology needs to be scalable, secure, and flexible when connecting products and services. 5G technology, with its incredible speed, is expected to power the future of vehicular networks. Owing to high mobility and constant change in the topology, cooperative intelligent transport systems ensure real time connectivity between vehicles. For ensuring a seamless connectivity amongst the entities in vehicular networks, a significant alternative to design is support of handoff. This paper proposes a scheme for the best Road Side Unit (RSU) selection during handoff. Authentication and security of the vehicles are ensured using the Deep Sparse Stacked Autoencoder Network (DS2AN) algorithm, developed using a deep learning model. Once authenticated, resource allocation by RSU to the vehicle is accomplished through Deep-Q learning (DQL) techniques. Compared with the existing handoff schemes, Reinforcement Learning based on the MDP (RL-MDP) has been found to have a 13% lesser decision delay for selecting the best RSU. A higher level of security and minimum time requirement for authentication is achieved using DS2AN. The proposed system simulation results demonstrate that it ensures reliable packet delivery, significantly improving system throughput, upholding tolerable delay levels during a change of RSUs.

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de Wit, Mieke, Gavin M. George, Yetkin Çaka Ince, Barbara Dankwa-Egli, Micha Hersch, Samuel C. Zeeman i Christian Fankhauser. "Changes in resource partitioning between and within organs support growth adjustment to neighbor proximity in Brassicaceae seedlings". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, nr 42 (1.10.2018): E9953—E9961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806084115.

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In shade-intolerant plants, the perception of proximate neighbors rapidly induces architectural changes resulting in elongated stems and reduced leaf size. Sensing and signaling steps triggering this modified growth program have been identified. However, the underlying changes in resource allocation that fuel stem growth remain poorly understood. Through 14CO2 pulse labeling of Brassica rapa seedlings, we show that perception of the neighbor detection signal, low ratio of red to far-red light (R:FR), leads to increased carbon allocation from the major site of photosynthesis (cotyledons) to the elongating hypocotyl. While carbon fixation and metabolite levels remain similar in low R:FR, partitioning to all downstream carbon pools within the hypocotyl is increased. Genetic analyses using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants indicate that low-R:FR–induced hypocotyl elongation requires sucrose transport from the cotyledons and is regulated by a PIF7-dependent metabolic response. Moreover, our data suggest that starch metabolism in the hypocotyl has a growth-regulatory function. The results reveal a key mechanism by which metabolic adjustments can support rapid growth adaptation to a changing environment.

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