Artykuły w czasopismach: „Transition path identification”

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Zahn, Dirk. "Unprejudiced identification of reaction mechanisms from biased transition path sampling". Journal of Chemical Physics 123, nr 4 (22.07.2005): 044104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1950672.

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Best, Robert B., i Gerhard Hummer. "Microscopic interpretation of folding ϕ-values using the transition path ensemble". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, nr 12 (8.03.2016): 3263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520864113.

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All-atom molecular dynamics simulations now allow us to create movies of proteins folding and unfolding. However, it is difficult to assess the accuracy of the folding mechanisms observed because experiments cannot yet directly resolve events occurring along the transition paths between unfolded and folded states. Protein folding ϕ-values provide residue-resolved information about folding mechanisms by comparing the effects of mutations on folding rates and stability, but determining ϕ-values by separately simulating mutant proteins would be computationally demanding and prone to large statistical errors. Here we use transition path theory to develop a method for computing ϕ-values directly from the transition path ensemble, without the need for additional simulations. This path-based approach uses the full transition path information available from equilibrium folding and unfolding trajectories, or from transition path sampling, and does not require identification of folding transition states. Applying our approach to a set of simulations of 10 small proteins by Shaw and coworkers [Lindorff-Larsen K, Piana S, Dror RO, Shaw DE (2011) Science 334(6055):517–520; Piana S, Lindorff-Larsen K, Shaw DE (2011) Biophys J 100(9):L47–L49; and Piana S, Lindorff-Larsen K, Shaw DE (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110(15):5915–5920], we find good agreement with experiments in most cases where data are available. We can further resolve the contributions to fractional ϕ-values coming from partial contact formation versus transition path heterogeneity. Although in some cases, there is substantial heterogeneity of folding mechanism, in others, such as Ubiquitin, the mechanism is strongly conserved.

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Li, Hao, Ying Qiao, Zongxiang Lu i Baosen Zhang. "Power System Transition with Multiple Flexibility Resources: A Data-Driven Approach". Sustainability 14, nr 5 (24.02.2022): 2656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052656.

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Power systems are transitioning toward having high shares of variable renewable energy (VRE) with the help of flexibility resources. However, multiple flexibility resources on the generation, storage and demand sides introduce multiple technical and economic uncertainties, making the transition hard to predict. Moreover, the benefit of these resources in the transition is unclear. To fill these gaps, this paper proposes a data-driven approach to explore the transition to a high VRE share-oriented power system with multiple flexibility resources. This approach generates a wealth of possible transition paths under multiple uncertainties and then uses them to quantitatively analyze the transition. Specifically, the proposed method includes principal component analysis-based path visualization, multiple index-based transition milestone identification, cluster and distance calculation-based key influential factor identification, marginal index-based flexibility resource benefit comparison and Pareto frontier-based path recommendation. Case studies based on the Northwest China power system, which involves wind, photovoltaics and concentrated solar plants, validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and further indicate that flexibility resources increase rapidly with the growth of the VRE share. Of the multiple flexibility resources, storage contributes the most. Key influential factors include the capital cost of VRE and storage along with coal price. These factors should be the focus in a low-cost and low-carbon transition.

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Wang, Xuechun, Songze Wu, Dongyan Wang i Yuyu Wei. "Multifunctional Identification and Transition Path of Rural Homesteads: A Case Study of Jilin Province". Land 13, nr 10 (30.09.2024): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13101590.

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In the context of rural revitalization, identifying the functional characteristics of rural homesteads and clarifying the relationship among various functions are important scientific issues for the transformation of homestead utilization. Taking Jilin Province as an example, this paper analyzes the problems existing in rural homestead utilization from the aspects of quantitative characteristics, human–land matching degree, and the current situation of idle homesteads. An evaluation index system is constructed to measure the functional values of homesteads to identify the advantageous functions of homesteads. The results are as follows: (1) in some areas of the Jilin Province, the per capita homestead area is relatively large, with a high vacancy rate, and there is a phenomenon of inefficient use of homesteads, (2) according to the calculation results of the homestead functional index, the overall performance of the four functions of rural homesteads is in the order of living function > security function > production function > asset function, indicating that traditional living function remains predominant in the study area, (3) based on the relationship between the comprehensiveness and coordination of the four functions of homesteads, villages are classified into “moderate optimization area”, “key improvement area”, “collaborative optimization area”, and “potential improvement area”.

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Setiartiti, Lilies, i Wafiyulloh Mubarrok. "Bantul's renewable energy potential: mapping the path to successful electricity transition". E3S Web of Conferences 508 (2024): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450802008.

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In the context of providing sustainable energy, it is necessary to expand access to reliable and affordable sources of energy supply. In other hand to restore confidence in the renewable energy sector, and ensure the sustainability of renewable energy projects in the future, it is very important to map the renewable energy potential. PLN, as the official institution appointed by the government to manage electricity in Indonesia, has not been able to meet the needs of the people of Bantul Regency for electricity as a whole. This study aims to provide some insights of identify various types and potential of renewable energy in Bantul Regency as an alternative to electricity generation. The research methodology was carried out quantitatively using primary data, obtained by field survey. Through the process of identification and gathering pertinent data, an evaluation is conducted to estimate the potential of electrical energy derived from a variety of renewable energy sources.

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Lv, Huiying, Yuan Zhang i Jie Wang. "Network Threat Identification and Analysis Based on a State Transition Graph". Cybernetics and Information Technologies 13, Special-Issue (1.12.2013): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2013-0037.

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Abstract With the rapid popularity of Internet and information technology, local area network is becoming insecure. Along with the improving advantages, security threats are emerging continually and bringing great pressure and challenges. An identification and analysis method for network real-time threats is proposed to accurately assess and master the current network security situation, and thereby preferably guide a dynamic defense. This method recognizes the current threats and predicts the subsequent threats by modeling attack scenarios and simulating attack state transferring. The threat identification model is called Attack State Transition Graph and Real-Time Attack State Graph, which is constructed by an Expanded Finite-State Automata. Based on the former possible threat paths, the state transitions can be illustrated and based on the latter, actually successful threats and threat paths are described. Then a threat identification algorithm is presented based on the above model. With this algorithm, various invalid threats are filtered; current valid threats are obtained by correlating the dynamic alarms with a static attack scenario. Further on, combining the Attack State Transition Graph with a Real-Time Attack State Graph, a possible next threat and a threat path can be identified and an attack target can also be predicted. Finally, the simulated results in an experimental network verify the feasibility and validity of the model and algorithm. This method provides a novel solution to evaluate and analyze the network security situation.

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Valerio, Paolo, Roberto Vitelli, Anna Lisa Amodeo, Alain Giami i Cristiano Scandurra. "Gender Identification and Transition Path in Italian Trans Population: The Decline of the Genitals Centrality". Journal of Sexual Medicine 14, nr 5 (maj 2017): e240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.04.679.

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Lee, Yong-Sok, Victor W. Pike i Milan Hodoscek. "Identification of the Transition States in the Inversion of 1,4-Benzodiazepines with theAb InitioReplica Path Method". Journal of Physical Chemistry A 112, nr 7 (luty 2008): 1604–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp077738o.

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Pavlenko, K. V., i A. A. Bochaver. "Subjective Well-Being of School Students in Situation of Self-Identification". Психологическая наука и образование 25, nr 6 (2020): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2020250605.

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This exploratory study aims to analyse the factors that influence subjective well-being of high school students. The purpose of the study is to formulate hypotheses about the impact of the situation of self-identification on the school students’ subjective well-being. The research is based on 14 interviews with school students in 10th and 11th grades. These interviews showed how adolescents perceive the situation of transition from the status of schoolchildren to the status of school graduates, what aspects of this transition cause anxiety and stress, and what changes in the behavior and everyday life of schoolchildren are caused by the need to make educational and life choices. The results suggest that in schools with a highly competitive environment, in which students have higher educational aspirations, the stress from self-determination and planning for the future in adolescents is higher than in schools with a less competitive environment. The obtained data place the subjective well-being of the high schoolchild in a broader context of life path design and allow to formulate a hypothesis that it is the need to solve the age-related problem of self-determination that has a decisive influence on the experiences of adolescents of this age. Understanding how well-being is related to the characteristics of this transitional stage in adolescents’ life, on the one hand, and social factors, on the other, creates the basis for further analysis: identifying risk groups of schoolchildren, studying and revising strategies to improve their well-being.

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Zahn, Dirk. "Publisher’s Note: “Unprejudiced identification of reaction mechanisms from biased transition path sampling” [J. Chem. Phys. 123, 044104 (2005)]". Journal of Chemical Physics 123, nr 9 (wrzesień 2005): 099901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2049272.

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Bodoh, Dan, i Kent Erington. "Finding the “When” and Improving the “Where” With Picosecond Time-Resolved LADA". EDFA Technical Articles 17, nr 2 (1.05.2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2015-2.p010.

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Abstract Laser-assisted device alteration (LADA) is an effective tool for identifying speed-limiting paths in ICs. When implemented with a continuous wave laser, it can reveal where the speed-limiting path resides but not when the slow (or fast) logic transition is occurring. To overcome this limitation, an enhanced version of the technique has been developed. This article discusses the capabilities of the new method, called picosecond time-resolved LADA, and explains how it complements the existing failure analysis toolset, facilitating faster resolution of issues and root-cause identification.

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Bejaoui, Azza, Adel Karaa i Emna Mahat. "Duration Dependence And Mean Reversion : An Attempt Of Identification In Tunisian Stock Market". Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 31, nr 1 (15.12.2014): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v31i1.9000.

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<p class="-1">This study investigates the duration dependence of Tunisian stock market over the period from January 07, 1998 to March 29, 2013; using two-state Duration Markov-switching model. Through this model, duration dependence is emphasized in the conditional mean return, volatility, risk-return trade-off and transition probabilities. We demonstrate that TUNINDEX index weekly returns can be sorted into bull and bear market states. Our results are consistent with mean reversion process; i.e. mean reversion is the tendency of asset prices to return to a trend path. Finally, we conclude that Tunisian stock market fluctuations can be characterized by the presence of the countercyclical return volatility due to the asymmetric movements of the risk premia.</p>

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Zhakhov, N. V., i D. A. Markov. "Theoretical Foundations of the Modern Multi-Level Model Management of the Process of Innovative Development in the Russian Federation". Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management 13, nr 5 (30.10.2023): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1552-2023-13-5-25-35.

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Relevance. The article is devoted to the research and development of a multi-level model of innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the transition to an innovative path of development of the Russian economy in the context of exogenous, global changes, geopolitical instability was especially noted.The purpose is to develop a multi-level model of innovative development, with the allocation of the most promising levels of managerial decision-making.Objectives: analysis of the main levels of the existing multi-level model of innovative development of the territory; identification of key institutional constraints and problems of practical implementation of the current model of innovative development of Russian regions; development of a structural-logical scheme for the formation of a multilevel model of innovative development; highlighting the main elements of the local level of development of innovations at specific enterprises, industries.Methodology. In the course of the work, a wide range of research methods, theoretical concepts in the field of spatial and innovative development of territories were used. The dialectical, systematic and integrated approach became the main ones, which made it possible to consider economic relations in interconnection and development, to comprehensively assess the research problem under consideration.Results. The transition of regional economic systems to an innovative path of development is an important priority for the socio-economic development of the country, while the complexity of implementing innovation policy at different levels (federal, regional, and local) is revealed, and many factors affecting efficiency are identified. and the effectiveness of these processes. In contrast to the prevailing approach, where regions are considered as the main level of innovation, this study proposes to single out the level of agglomerations of municipalities as the most promising and relevant for the transition to an innovative path of development of regional economic systems.Conclusions. The main purpose of introducing the presented model into the practice of managing socioeconomic development is to activate internal reserves by means of using the potential of the designated agglomerations of municipalities. The results of the study indicate that countries with a high level of development of production successfully use a multi-level regulatory system aimed at the transition to an innovative path of development of regional economic systems.

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Winkler, Andreas. "Spatial differentiation and local development: Divergent transition paths of three Serbian municipalities". Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 104, nr 1 (2024): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd2401343w.

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This article analyzes spatial differentiation within post-socialist transition using the examples of the economic developments of three small and medium-sized Serbian towns. The selection of smaller towns as objects of study fulfills a general research desideratum in geographical transition research. This study combines quantitative and qualitative methods and follows a historical-geographical approach. In order to shed light on the various characteristics of the disrupted post-socialist transition in Serbia, the period under investigation is defined as 1988 to 2011, which covers the two main phases of the Serbian transition: a period of disintegration (1991-2000) and a period of reorganization (2000/01-2011). By applying a novel mix of theories, it is possible to make statements be-yond an overly simplistic center-periphery paradigm and uncover the underlying path dependencies and economic legacies that lead to specific local transition paths. In addition, this theoretical approach also enables the identification of general patterns and typologies of local development in the transition process: centralization, peripherization and marginalization. The development trajectories of the three municipalities exemplify that the particular post-socialist transition in Serbia also produces particular spatial differentiations, namely strongly delayed centralization tendencies that nonetheless still reflect the specific Yugoslav economic and institutional legacies.

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Lizińska, Wiesława, i Roman Kisiel. "Pozycja Polski na ścieżce inwestycyjno-rozwojowej na tle wybranych krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej". Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 13, nr 2 (8.01.2023): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.8449.

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The concept of linking the position of a country in terms of inward and outward direct foreign investments and its economic development is the concept of the investment and development path - IDP (The Investment Development Path). The aim of the paper is an attempt to assess the development situation of the Polish economy against the background of selected economies of Central and Eastern Europe, in accordance with the above-mentioned concept. The analysis covers the years 1995–2020 and uses data from UNCTAD and the World Bank. On the basis of changes in the values of NOIP indicators and GDP per capita, it was found that in the case of Hungary and the Czech Republic, identification of the transition to one of the most significant stages on the investment and development path, which is stage III, is not difficult. However, it is debatable to identify the period in which Poland entered such a stage of development. This is due to, inter alia, from the low level of foreign direct investment.

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Renon, Vincent, Gilbert Henaff, Céline Larignon, Simon Perusin i Patrick Villechaise. "Identification of Relationships between Heat Treatment and Fatigue Crack Growth of αβ Titanium Alloys". Metals 9, nr 5 (30.04.2019): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050512.

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This study deals with the influence of microstructure on the fatigue crack growth resistance of αβ titanium alloys: Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) that may compete with the conventional Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the manufacture of high performance aircraft. Six different microstructures have been considered: the as-received bimodal microstructures and five distinct fully lamellar microstructures. The characteristic parameters of these microstructures were determined and crack growth tests were performed with crack closure measurements in order to evaluate the shielding effect induced by closure. A comparison of crack growth rates, fracture surfaces, and crack path was carried out for the different microstructures. The results outline a transition between two propagation regimes from a microstructure-sensitive to microstructure-insensitive propagation.

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Guo, Jun, Tao Feng, Zelin Cai, Xianglong Lian i Wenhu Tang. "Vulnerability Assessment for Power Transmission Lines under Typhoon Weather Based on a Cascading Failure State Transition Diagram". Energies 13, nr 14 (17.07.2020): 3681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143681.

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The analysis of the fault propagation path of transmission lines and the method of identification of vulnerable lines during typhoon weather conditions is of great significance. In this context, this paper introduces the failure probability model of transmission lines under such conditions by considering both wind speed and the load of the lines. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and the DC model based on OPA are applied to simulate the failure of transmission lines. The cascading failure state transition diagram (CFSTD) is proposed based on the failure chains and the criticality ranking of nodes in CFSTD by the average weight coefficient (AWC) for identifying vulnerable lines of the power grid under such conditions. A new weight in CFSTD is proposed to describe the vulnerability of each line and a new resilience index is used to assess the impacts of a typhoon on the system. The proposed method is demonstrated by using the modified IEEE 118-bus test system. Results show that the method proposed in this paper can simulate the fault propagation path, and identify the critical components of power grid under a typhoon.

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Moreno Romero, Ana, Ángel Uruburu, Ajay K. Jain, Manuel Acevedo Ruiz i Carlos F. Gómez Muñoz. "The Path towards Evolutionary—Teal Organizations: A Relationship Trigger on Collaborative Platforms". Sustainability 12, nr 23 (24.11.2020): 9817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239817.

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The technological challenges of the so-called fourth industrial revolution, innovative inter-organizational network relations, integration in corporate strategies of sustainability challenges, or unsatisfactory levels of staff commitment stemming from complexity and related uncertainty are some of the main key issues that organizations have to face in the near future. In this context, the appearance of the ‘evolutionary organization’ model marks an important milestone in terms of a renewed identification of fundamental principles for organizations, arguably as an update or revision of systemic thinking. This model allows organizations, functioning as living beings, to be more agile and humanistic and better prepared to establish agile and trustworthy inter-organizational relationships. Collaborative platforms are possible from that ability to add value between organizations while also being closely aligned with the principles and values of evolutionary organizations. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into how these (teal) organizations work with respect to their common principles of wholeness, evolutionary purpose, and self-management. In the end, the study intends to highlight relevant practical organizational aspects that can better facilitate the management of current and increasing complexity, as well as the transition to more humanistic-oriented organizations.

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Chandler, Brian, Michelle Devoe, Martin Kunz i Hans-Rudolf Wenk. "Using Multigrain Crystallography to Explore the Microstructural Evolution of the α-Olivine to γ-Ringwoodite Transformation and ε-Mg2SiO4 at High Pressure and Temperature". Minerals 11, nr 4 (16.04.2021): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11040424.

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The introduction of multigrain crystallography (MGC) applied in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) using synchrotron X-rays has provided a new path to investigate the microstructural evolution of materials at extreme conditions, allowing for simultaneous investigations of phase identification, strain state determination, and orientation relations across phase transitions in a single experiment. Here, we applied this method to a sample of San Carlos olivine beginning at ambient conditions and through the α-olivine → γ-ringwoodite phase transition. At ambient temperatures, by measuring the evolution of individual Bragg reflections, olivine shows profuse angular streaking consistent with the onset of yielding at a measured stress of ~1.5 GPa, considerably lower than previously reported, which may have implications for mantle evolution. Furthermore, γ-ringwoodite phase was found to nucleate as micron to sub-micron grains imbedded with small amounts of a secondary phase at 15 GPa and 1000 °C. Using MGC, we were able to extract and refine individual crystallites of the secondary unknown phase where it was found to have a structure consistent with the ε-phase previously described in chondritic meteorites.

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Blat Belmonte, Benjamin, Arved Esser, Steffi Weyand, Georg Franke, Liselotte Schebek i Stephan Rinderknecht. "Identification of the Optimal Passenger Car Vehicle Fleet Transition for Mitigating the Cumulative Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions until 2050". Vehicles 2, nr 1 (24.01.2020): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles2010005.

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We present an optimization model for the passenger car vehicle fleet transition—the time-dependent fleet composition—in Germany until 2050. The goal was to minimize the cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the vehicle fleet taking into account life-cycle assessment (LCA) data. LCAs provide information on the global warming potential (GWP) of different powertrain concepts. Meta-analyses of batteries, of different fuel types, and of the German energy sector are conducted to support the model. Furthermore, a sensitivity-analysis is performed on four key influence parameters: the battery production emissions trend, the German energy sector trend, the hydrogen production path trend, and the mobility sector trend. Overall, we draw the conclusion that—in any scenario—future vehicles should have a plug-in option, allowing their usage as fully or partly electrical vehicles. For short distance trips, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) with a small battery size are the most reasonable choice throughout the transition. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) powered by compressed natural gas (CNG) emerge as promising long-range capable solution. Starting in 2040, long-range capable BEVs and fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (FCPHEVs) have similar life-cycle emissions as PHEV-CNG.

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Kopetz, Scott. "“Right Drug for the Right Patient”: Hurdles and the Path Forward in Colorectal Cancer". American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, nr 33 (maj 2013): e115-e120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14694/edbook_am.2013.33.e115.

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Predictive biomarkers have been heralded as the way to develop the “right drug for the right patient.” However, despite many studies incorporating novel biomarkers with targeted therapies, there has been little progress over the 5 years since the identification of KRAS mutations' ability to predict resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies. Recently approved therapeutics (regorafenib, aflibercept) or label extensions for existing therapies (bevacizumab) lack companion biomarkers. The current model of biomarker development, “target-based biomarker” design, attempts to identify individual biomarkers that are closely tied to the activity of a particular treatment. There are several limitations to prospective utilization of predictive biomarkers in novel therapy development, including technical validation of the assay and the logistics of timely biomarker determination with available material that limit the options. Tumor heterogeneity, both between different regions in the tumor and as a result of changes induced over time and under the selective pressure of chemotherapy, can reduce the precision of biomarker determination. Biomarkers present in low frequencies are increasingly common in drug development and will require efficient screening infrastructure to be feasible. Although development efforts will continue in the current target-based biomarker model for the near future, it is increasingly apparent that a new model is needed. A “taxonomy-based biomarker” model has been proposed, which is less tied to novel drug development and instead attempts to classify individual tumors based on their intrinsic biology. This requires integrating multiple characteristics of the tumors, including gene mutations, amplifications, methylation, as well as RNA and protein expression. Identification of the taxonomy of colorectal cancer will then allow more efficient development of targeted agents that can leverage the distinct molecular vulnerabilities of the resulting subsets. A transition to a taxonomy-based biomarker model would provide the classification structure and biologic insights needed to advance the ultimate goal of the right drug for the right patient.

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Khlobystova, A. O., M. V. Abramov, A. L. Tulupyev i A. A. Zolotin. "Search for the shortest trajectory of a social engeneering attack between a pair of users in a graph with transition probabilities". Information and Control Systems, nr 6 (18.12.2018): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2018-6-74-81.

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Introduction: Social engineering attacks can be divided into two types: direct (one-way) and multi-pass ones, passing through a chain of users. Normally, there are several propagation paths for a multi-pass social engineering attack between two users. Estimates of the probabilities of an attack to spread along different trajectories will differ. Purpose: Identification of the most critical (most probable) trajectory for a multi-pass social engineering attack between two users. Methods: Methods of searching, matching and algorithm analysis are used to identify the most critical trajectory of attack propagation. They apply the information about the intensity of the interaction between employees in companies based on data extracted from social networks. These algorithms are reduced, using a number of transformations of the original data, to the algorithms of finding the shortest path in a graph. The estimates of a multi-path social engineering attack success probability are calculated with the methods of constructing an estimate of a complex event probability. Results: We have proposed an approach to identifying the most critical trajectories, whose estimate of the attack success probability is the highest. In the simplest case, the problem can be reduced to finding a path in the graph with the maximum product of the weights of all the edges involved. The resource intensity of the algorithm when searching for the most critical trajectory on a complete graph with a large number of vertices can be reduced with a specially developed technique. A brief overview of the methods and algorithms providing automated search for the most critical propagation path of a social engineering attack showed that in a general case it can be reduced, with some transformations, to the problem of finding the most critical trajectory using the configuration of Dijkstra and Bellman — Ford algorithms. The chosen algorithm was adapted for the specified context, and an approach was proposed to thin out the graph when searching for the most critical trajectory. The presented methods and algorithms are implemented in software code. Numerical experiments were performed to verify the calculation results. Practical relevance: The developed software based on the method and algorithm proposed in this article complements the functionality of the previous versions of software prototypes for analyzing the protection of information system users against social engineering attacks. It allows you to take into account a wider range of factors affecting the assessment of social engineering attack success probability.

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Ivaniuk, A. A., i A. Y. Shamyna. "Physically non-cloneable arbiter -type function with non-linear path pairs". «System analysis and applied information science», nr 1 (2.08.2023): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2023-1-54-62.

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Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are basic physical cryptographical primitives, providing to solve tasks such as unclonable identification, digital device authentication and copyright authentication, true random sequence generation, etc. The major features of PUFs are stability, unpredictability and irreproducibility, due to uncontrollable random variations of distinctive features of the raw materials and technological processes used during their manufacturing. Generally, PUF are digital circuits that extract such variations and convert them into a binary format, which applied for further use. Among the variety of PUF types, an Arbiter PUF (APUF) is distinguished, which is a digital circuit with N-bit challenge input and single output for one-bit response generation. The functionality of APUF is based on comparison of transition time of two copies of the test signal along a pair of configurable paths, selected by the challenge value CH from a set of 2N all possible pairs. The result of the comparison is the binary value of the response. The set of all challenge-response pairs is a random, unpredictable and irreproducible in the cases of implementation of cloned PUF circuits both on single and/or on another chips, also using different technologies. This article presents a new approach to the synthesis of the APUF circuits, based on the permutation network elements, which allow to construct the nonlinear structures of pair of paths. This implies the potential complication of building an APUF model to attack its implemented instances. This article presents new schematic solutions for the synthesis of APUF circuits. Also, the main characteristics of the proposed APUF circuits implemented on the Xilinx Zynq-7000 FPGA is analyzed.

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de Francesco, Maria Carla, Francesco Pio Tozzi, Gabriella Buffa, Edy Fantinato, Michele Innangi i Angela Stanisci. "Identifying Critical Thresholds in the Impacts of Invasive Alien Plants and Dune Paths on Native Coastal Dune Vegetation". Land 12, nr 1 (31.12.2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010135.

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Invasive alien plants (IAP) pose a major threat to biodiversity and have a negative impact on the integrity and conservation status of plant communities. Mediterranean dunes are widely exposed to IAP, due to their environmental heterogeneity and the anthropogenic pressures to which they are subjected. The current study explored the possible existence of critical thresholds of IAP cover/abundance and dune path impacts that may cause the decline in diagnostic species cover in shifting and transition dunes. A random sampling of 126 plots in areas invaded and not invaded by IAP across the Italian Adriatic dunes has been used and the recorded species have been classified in ecological guilds. In order to explore the effect of plant community composition and distances from dune paths on the diagnostic species cover, a Random Forest regression model has been fitted. The results revealed that three main critical thresholds can be detected concerning IAP total cover, IAP Oenothera stucchii Soldano abundance and the distance from dune paths and they work differently in shifting and transition dunes. The identification of such cut-off points provides useful insights for an array of actions to preserve the biodiversity of the Mediterranean coastal dunes.

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Ghulam, Ali, Zar Nawab Khan Swati, Farman Ali, Saima Tunio, Nida Jabeen i Natasha Iqbal. "DeepImmuno-PSSM: Identification of Immunoglobulin based on Deep learning and PSSM-Profiles". VAWKUM Transactions on Computer Sciences 11, nr 1 (17.03.2023): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtcs.v11i1.1396.

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Immunoglobulin has a close connection to a number of disorders and is important in both biological and medicinal contexts. Therefore, it is crucial for illness research to employ efficient techniques to increase the categorization accuracy of immunoglobulins. Computational models have been used in a small number of research to address this important issue, but the accuracy of the predictions is not good enough. As a result, we use a cutting-edge deep learning technique with convolutional neural networks to enhance the performance results. In this study, the immunoglobulin features were extracted using the dipeptide acid composition (DPC) with the position-specific scoring matrix (DPC-PSSM) and position-specific scoring matrix-transition probability composition (PSSM-TPC) methods. we apply extracted features information from the DPC-PSSM profiles and PSSM-TPC profile by using a 1D-convolutional neural network (CNN) over an input shape. The outcomes demonstrated that the DeepImmuno-PSSM method based on sequential minimal optimization was able to properly predict DPC-PSSM accuracy score 93.44% obtained and of the immunoglobulins using the greatest feature subcategory produced by the PSSM-TPC feature mining approach accuracy score 89.92% obtained. Our findings indicate that we are able to provide a useful model for enhancing immunoglobulin proteins' capacity for prediction. Additionally, it implies that employing sequence data in deep learning and PSSM-based features may open up new path for biochemical modelling.

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Sisto, Margherita, i Sabrina Lisi. "Epigenetic Regulation of EMP/EMT-Dependent Fibrosis". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, nr 5 (28.02.2024): 2775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052775.

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Fibrosis represents a process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. It often represents the evolution of pathological conditions, causes organ failure, and can, in extreme cases, compromise the functionality of organs to the point of causing death. In recent years, considerable efforts have been made to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fibrotic evolution and to identify possible therapeutic strategies. Great interest has been aroused by the discovery of a molecular association between epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), in particular epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and fibrogenesis, which has led to the identification of complex molecular mechanisms closely interconnected with each other, which could explain EMT-dependent fibrosis. However, the result remains unsatisfactory from a therapeutic point of view. In recent years, advances in epigenetics, based on chromatin remodeling through various histone modifications or through the intervention of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have provided more information on the fibrotic process, and this could represent a promising path forward for the identification of innovative therapeutic strategies for organ fibrosis. In this review, we summarize current research on epigenetic mechanisms involved in organ fibrosis, with a focus on epigenetic regulation of EMP/EMT-dependent fibrosis.

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Ahmed, Shibbir, Baijing Qiu, Chun-Wei Kong, Huang Xin, Fiaz Ahmad i Jinlong Lin. "A Data-Driven Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance Method for Liquid-Carrying Plant Protection UAVs". Agronomy 12, nr 4 (2.04.2022): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12040873.

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Autonomous sprayer UAVs are one of the most used aerial machines in modern agriculture. During flight missions, some common narrow obstacles appear in the flying zone. These are non-detectable from satellite images and one of the biggest challenges for autonomous sprayer UAVs in farmland. This work introduces an obstacle avoidance architecture specifically for sprayer UAVs. This architecture has generality in the spraying UAV problem, and it reduces the reliance on the global mapping of farmland. This approach computes the avoiding path based on the onboard sensor fusion system in real-time. Moreover, it autonomously determines the transition of several maneuver states using the current spraying liquid data and the UAV dynamics data obtained by offline system identification. This approach accurately tracks the avoidance path for the nonlinear time-variant spraying UAV systems. To verify the performance of the approach, we performed multiple simulations with different spraying missions, and the method demonstrated a high spraying coverage of more than 98% while successfully avoiding all vertical obstacles. We also demonstrated the adaptability of our control architecture; the safe distance between the UAV and obstacles can be changed by specifying the value of a high-level parameter on the controller. The proposed method adds value to precision agriculture, reduces mission time, and maximizes the spraying area coverage.

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Ciucu-Durnoi, Alexandra Nicoleta, Camelia Delcea, Aurelia Stănescu, Cosmin Alexandru Teodorescu i Vanesa Mădălina Vargas. "Beyond Industry 4.0: Tracing the Path to Industry 5.0 through Bibliometric Analysis". Sustainability 16, nr 12 (20.06.2024): 5251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16125251.

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The rapid advancement of technology has led to significant milestones in industrial progress, surpassing previous capabilities and presenting new challenges for adaptation. The current phase of industrial revolutions is characterized by accelerated technological development, particularly in automation and digitalization. For instance, the global industrial robotics market was valued at approximately USD 43.0 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 70.6 billion by 2028. The integration of human labor alongside robotic machinery, though a tangible reality, may still seem abstract in certain regions. Despite the recent announcement of the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 5.0 has quickly emerged as the new standard toward which industries aspire. This study performs a bibliometric analysis of articles published between 2020 and 2023 that explores the implications of these two industrial revolutions and the transition between them. Using the Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science Core Collection, the study identifies 154 articles using the Biblioshiny package in R, which simultaneously discuss Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 within their titles, abstracts, or keywords. An impressive annual growth rate of 119.47% among the published papers included in the dataset underlines the interest of the research community in this field. Additionally, key findings include the identification of prominent sources, prolific authors, highly cited articles and their content, as well as common research themes explored across the analyzed papers. Among the most relevant sources in terms of the number of publications, the journal Sustainability plays a key role, holding the first position, followed by Applied Sciences, and Sensors. In terms of motor themes, digital transformation, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and smart manufacturing have been found to play a key role. As a result, the present research contributes to understanding the rapid evolution from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0, highlighting key trends, influential research, and emerging themes that are shaping the future of industrial advancements.

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Askanova, Oksana Vladimirovna, i Yulia Viktorovna Kazantseva. "Educational paradigm change as an inevitable need in the conditions of opposition with the West". KANT 43, nr 2 (czerwiec 2022): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-43.37.

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The purpose of the study is a critical understanding of the properties inherent in the modern educational model in the context of their compatibility with the task of Russia's victory in the growing confrontation with the West. The attention of the authors is focused on market centrism, which is the core of the modern paradigm of education, which has become, in fact, a tool for the civilizational reformatting of the people and a mechanism for the "production" of obedient performers devoid of the values of the Motherland. The scientific novelty is characterized by the identification of the instruments of civilizational reformatting of the younger generation, incorporated in the modern education system of the Russian Federation and the rationale for the fundamental transformation of the educational paradigm along the path of transition to an education system adequate to national interests. According to the results of the study, it was found that the educational policy contradicts not only the declared tasks of modernizing the domestic economy, but also the national interests of Russia. The authors come to the conclusion that only the awareness of the inevitability of a fundamental transformation of the educational paradigm through the transition to an education system adequate to national interests can ensure success in the growing geopolitical conflict.

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Seitz, Christian, Thomas Geisberger, Alexander Richard West, Jessica Fertl, Wolfgang Eisenreich i Claudia Huber. "From Zero to Hero: The Cyanide-Free Formation of Amino Acids and Amides from Acetylene, Ammonia and Carbon Monoxide in Aqueous Environments in a Simulated Hadean Scenario". Life 14, nr 6 (1.06.2024): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14060719.

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Amino acids are one of the most important building blocks of life. During the biochemical process of translation, cells sequentially connect amino acids via amide bonds to synthesize proteins, using the genetic information in messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template. From a prebiotic perspective (i.e., without enzymatic catalysis), joining amino acids to peptides via amide bonds is difficult due to the highly endergonic nature of the condensation reaction. We show here that amides can be formed in reactions catalyzed by the transition metal sulfides from acetylene, carbon monoxide and ammonia under aqueous conditions. Some α- and β-amino acids were also formed under the same conditions, demonstrating an alternative cyanide-free path for the formation of amino acids in prebiotic environments. Experiments performed with stable isotope labeled precursors, like 15NH4Cl and 13C-acetylene, enabled the accurate mass spectroscopic identification of the products formed from the starting materials and their composition. Reactions catalyzed using the transition metal sulfides seem to offer a promising alternative pathway for the formation of amides and amino acids in prebiotic environments, bypassing the challenges posed by the highly endergonic condensation reaction. These findings shed light on the potential mechanisms by which the building blocks of life could have originated on early Earth.

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Feng, Jing, Shaofan Hu, Keli Liu, Guiyin Sun i Yiguo Zhang. "The Role of MicroRNA in the Regulation of Tumor Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition". Cells 11, nr 13 (21.06.2022): 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11131981.

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Consistently, the high metastasis of cancer cells is the bottleneck in the process of tumor treatment. In this process of metastasis, a pivotal role is executed by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation was first proposed to occur during embryonic development. Later, its important role in explaining embryonic developmental processes was widely reported. Recently, EMT and its intermediate state were also identified as crucial drivers in tumor progression with the gradual deepening of research. To gain insights into the potential mechanism, increasing attention has been focused on the EMT-related transcription factors. Correspondingly, miRNAs target transcription factors to control the EMT process of tumor cells in different types of cancers, while there are still many exciting and challenging questions about the phenomenon of microRNA regulation of cancer EMT. We describe the relevant mechanisms of miRNAs regulating EMT, and trace the regulatory roles and functions of major EMT-related transcription factors, including Snail, Twist, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB), and other families. In addition, on the basis of the complex regulatory network, we hope that the exploration of the regulatory relationship of non-transcription factors will provide a better understanding of EMT and cancer metastasis. The identification of the mechanism leading to the activation of EMT programs during diverse disease processes also provides a new protocol for the plasticity of distinct cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions. Here, we summarize the recent progress in this direction, with a promising path for further insight into this fast-moving field.

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Pastor, F., J. A. Valiente i M. J. Estrela. "Sea surface temperature and torrential rains in the Valencia region: modelling the role of recharge areas". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, nr 2 (12.02.2015): 1357–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-1357-2015.

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Abstract. Heavy rain events are frequently recorded in the Western Mediterranean causing economic losses and even human casualties. The Western Mediterranean is a deep and almost closed sea surrounded by high mountain ranges and with little exchange of water with the Atlantic ocean. A main factor in the development of torrential rains are ocean-atmosphere exchanges of heat and moisture that can potentially destabilize air masses travelling over the sea. The study of air mass trajectories previous to the rain event permits the identification of sea areas that could probably contribute to the development or intensification of rainfall. From a previous Mediterranean sea surface temperature climatology, its spatio-temporal distribution patterns have been studied showing two main distribution modes in winter and summer and transitional regimes in spring and autumn. Hence, three heavy precipitation events, for such winter and summer sea temperature regimes and for fall transition, affecting the Valencia region have been selected to study the effect of sea surface temperature in torrential rains. Simulations with perturbed sea surface temperature in different areas along the air mass path were run to compare results with unperturbed simulation. The variation of sea surface temperature in certain areas caused significant changes in model accumulated values and its spatial distribution. Therefore, the existence of recharge areas where air–sea interaction favors the development of torrential rainfall in Valencia region has been shown. This methodology could be extended to the whole Mediterranean basin to look for such potential recharge areas. The identification of sea areas that contribute to the development or intensification of heavy rain events in the Mediterranean countries could be a useful prognosis and/or monitoring tool.

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Zhusupbekov, Sarsenbek, Laulasyn Abzhanova i Olzhas Nauryzbaev. "Mathematical modeling and parametric identification of a model using the example of a water-heating unit". Pedagogy and Psychology 42, nr 1 (30.03.2020): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.2077-6861.13.

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The article is devoted to systemic issues related to the principles of mathematical modeling of technological objects, and the degree of adequacy of certain mathematical descriptions to real processes in these systems. In the article using the least squares method (least squares), a model of a water-heating unit is constructed as a MIMO system. The analysis of the process as a complex multi-connected control object. Based on the experimental data, a mathematical model is obtained in the state space of the water path. The adequacy of the mathematical model to the real object was established by directly comparing the output values of the object with the output values of the model. The results of a comparative assessment of the transition characteristics of the constructed mathematical model and the control object are presented. From the transient characteristics of the object and the mathematical model, it follows that the mathematical model fairly accurately and qualitatively describes the properties of the modeled object, i.e., it is adequate to the modeled object. The material presented allows you to teach a student to study processes by the method of mathematical modeling, including the preparation of a mathematical description, the choice of a solution method, software implementation of the model and verification of the model’s adequacy to a real object.

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Shinkevich, Aleksey I., Irina G. Ershova, Farida F. Galimulina i Alla A. Yarlychenko. "Innovative Mesosystems Algorithm for Sustainable Development Priority Areas Identification in Industry Based on Decision Trees Construction". Mathematics 9, nr 23 (28.11.2021): 3055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9233055.

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Globally, assessing sustainable development methodology is kept in sustainable society index (SSI) format, but at the level of meso- and microsystems it remains undeveloped. The aim of the study is to typologize innovative mesosystems in Russian industry in the context of sustainable development based on the CART algorithm and to develop an algorithm for identifying priority areas of sustainable development. The research methods applied included formalization, a systematic approach, and the CART algorithm (calculation of the Gini index, training sample segmentation, the use of a recursive function and regression assessment). As a result of the study, the algorithm for the differentiated identification of innovative mesosystems sustainable development priority directions in industry based on the unique author’s methodology (ISDI) is proposed. The predominance of mesosystems with weak level of sustainable development requiring state support in favor of such mesosystems restructure is revealed. The novelty of the research lies in the development of new science-based solutions to ensure an accelerated transition of industry to the path of sustainable development. The difference of the author’s approach from the provisions known in science is the inclusion of environmental innovations in the mechanism for managing the sustainable development of innovative mesosystems and subsequent accounting in the process of mathematical processing of an array of data, which determines the uniqueness of the constructed decision trees.

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Pastor, F., J. A. Valiente i M. J. Estrela. "Sea surface temperature and torrential rains in the Valencia region: modelling the role of recharge areas". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, nr 7 (31.07.2015): 1677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1677-2015.

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Abstract. Heavy rain events are frequently recorded in the Western Mediterranean causing economic losses and even human casualties. The Western Mediterranean is a deep and almost closed sea surrounded by high mountain ranges and with little exchange of water with the Atlantic ocean. A main factor in the development of torrential rains is ocean-atmosphere exchanges of heat and moisture that can potentially destabilize air masses travelling over the sea. The study of air mass trajectories previous to the rain event permits the identification of sea areas that could probably contribute to the development or intensification of rainfall. From a previous Mediterranean sea surface temperature climatology, its spatio-temporal distribution patterns have been studied showing two main distribution modes in winter and summer and transitional regimes in spring and autumn. Hence, three heavy precipitation events, for such winter and summer sea temperature regimes and for fall transition, affecting the Valencia region have been selected to study the effect of sea surface temperature in torrential rains. Simulations with perturbed sea surface temperature in different areas along the air mass path were run to compare results with unperturbed simulation. The variation of sea surface temperature in certain areas caused significant changes in model accumulated values and its spatial distribution. Therefore, the existence of areas that at a greater extent favour air-sea interaction leading to the development of torrential rainfall in the Valencia region has been shown. This methodology could be extended to the whole Mediterranean basin to look for such potential recharge areas. The identification of sea areas that contribute to the development or intensification of heavy rain events in the Mediterranean countries could be a useful prognosis and/or monitoring tool.

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Aliakbarovа, Aigerim, Gulmira Madiyeva i Chen Xiao. "EVOLUTION OF ANTHROPONYMS: TRANSFORMATION IN THE NAMING OF NEWBORN BABIES AND ITS ROLE FOR SOCIETY IN THE PERIOD OF LINGUISTIC TRANSITION". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8, nr 4 (4.10.2020): 1522–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.84140.

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Purpose of the study: The study is aiming to show that name is a kind of social identification code, i.e., the names serve important social and legal functions that contribute to the identification of the person in society, allowing joining various social institutions. The functioning of personal names plays a significant role in the lives of every member of society. Methodology: The authors of the research article offer an empirical exploration of the transformation of naming newborns in the Republic of Kazakhstan. More specifically, the paper utilizes a grounded theory research procedure to investigate the transformations in the naming of newborn babies in Kazakhstan from the pre-Soviet times to the present. Main Findings: The authors indicated that from the pre-Soviet times, the changes in naming systems in Kazakhstan have been consistent with the socio-cultural and political events of each era recognizing, appreciating, and accommodating Kazakh identities, histories, languages, and cultures. The names should serve as beacon lights that imbue in them self-esteem, health, and wellbeing on the path of their adulthood. Applications of this study: The factual material, scientific results, and conclusions can be widely used in onomastic research, special courses on the theory of onomastics, on Kazakh anthroponymy, comparative onomastics, in lectures on semantics, word formation, lexicography. The results of the research can provide an opportunity for linguists, sociologists, psychologists, cultural scientists, etc. to draw appropriate conclusions on the formation of the national language and national consciousness. Novelty/Originality of this study: The paper carries implications for contemporary anthroponyms. It is important to consider traditional thought as a viable knowledge source for naming newborns and conceptualizing research in anthroponyms, this does not mean the denunciation of newborn naming practices borrowed from other cultures in favor of traditional naming practices. Every newborn is named by the parents for a purpose and a reason.

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Carreira, Rui Jorge, José Vasconcelos Ferreira i Ana Luísa Ramos. "The Consumer’s Role in the Transition to the Circular Economy: A State of the Art Based on a SLR with Bibliometric Analysis". Sustainability 15, nr 20 (19.10.2023): 15040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152015040.

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Implementing the Circular Economy (CE) is largely a mirage. There are some political decisions translated into penalties and/or incentives to try to adjust the “optimal” level of circularity. The consumer’s desire to purchase circular products, given the increase in price associated with them, and the sum of associated fines and penalties, generates complex financial equations, which become unfavorable to the transition to the CE. CE-friendly solutions in use are associated with situations in which circularity contributes to lower production costs. The authors are committed to altering the course of events. They believe that the success of this transition will have the will of the consumer as its main vector. To this end, they launched an investigation that leads to clues on how, by identifying barriers, facilitators, and motivations, proposals for solutions that are focused on the consumer are designed. The research project started by surveying and systematically analyzing the existing published information, in order to reach the State of the Art. The path taken involved a systematic review of the literature and the consequent bibliometric analysis, fulfilling a methodology whose steps are not innovative, but whose relationship/sequencing of the same is insufficiently treated in the literature. As the most relevant results of the application of the proposed methodology to the subject under analysis, in addition to the recognition of a set of significant and guiding texts, explored as graphically as possible, the identification of relevant sub-themes stands out, as well as the framing of opportunities for future investigations. With this investigation, we conclude that the consumer is not the trigger for the transition from the linear economy to the CE.

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BRAZA, M., D. FAGHANI i H. PERSILLON. "Successive stages and the role of natural vortex dislocations in three-dimensional wake transition". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 439 (23.07.2001): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211200100458x.

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The time-history of the development of the three-dimensional transition features in a nominally two-dimensional flow configuration is established for Reynolds number 220 in a cylinder wake. The identification of the successive stages that evolve very fast during experiments is possible by means of direct numerical simulation. The physical processes related to the creation of streamwise and vertical vorticity components and their impact on the spanwise waviness of the main von Kármán vortex filaments are analysed by means of the Craik–Leibovich shearing instability mechanism and a comparative discussion is given with respect to the elliptic stability theory. This study proves the existence of a further stage in the three-dimensional transition, which substantially modifies the regular spanwise undulation. This is a systematic and repetitive development of natural vortex dislocations in the near wake. The definition of this kind of structure is provided, as well as its properties related to a drastic reduction of the fundamental frequency and to the selection of a lower path in the Strouhal–Reynolds number relation. The induced amplitude modulation of the flow properties along the span is also evaluated. Quantification of these properties is carried out by using wavelet analysis and autoregressive modelling of the time series. The reasons for the development of natural vortex dislocations are analysed and related to specific modulations of the spanwise structure of the longitudinal velocity upstream separation. From this part of the study an optimum shape for the spanwise distribution of this component can be specified, able to trigger the vortex dislocations in wake flows and therefore useful to apply in the context of stability theory analyses and in further DNS studies.

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Camicia, Michelle, i Barbara Lutz. "The PATH to Caregiving: Assessing Caregivers and Developing a Caregiver Plan of Care in the Acute Care Setting". Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1.12.2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.250.

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Abstract Family caregivers of older adults report lack of preparation for their role, particularly upon acute hospital discharge following a medical event. Addressing the needs of family caregivers in the acute care setting prior to hospital discharge requires the identification of the caregiver, an assessment of caregiver preparedness, and a plan of care to address gaps in preparedness. The Preparedness Assessment for the Transition Home 7-item (PATH-7) is a valid and reliable instrument developed to assess family caregivers readiness for the caregiving role during acute care. The PATH-7 paper-pencil self-administered assessment was implemented in clinical care in medical-surgical nursing units in 2 acute care hospitals. Interventions to address gaps in preparedness were selected from a catalogue of interventions to develop a caregiver plan of care. The most frequent challenge identified by family caregivers was fulfilling the caregiving role on top of their other roles and responsibilities. This illustrated the need to assist family caregivers with exploring options for recruiting others to help with their roles and responsibilities and identify solutions soliciting and organizing help. This novel program promotes addressing the needs of the family unit, moving to a family-integrated are delivery model. Implementation challenges included in-person contact with caregiver to administer assessment, resources to respond to identified gaps in readiness, and lack of technology-enabled assessment administration. Positive staff experience with identifying and addressing needs of caregivers was a facilitator of staff engagement. Identifying, assessing, and addressing the needs of family caregivers of older adults is feasible in the acute care setting.

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Wang, Zijin, Jitao Guo i Gengyan Luo. "The Impact of Chinese Carbon Emissions Trading System on Efficiency of Enterprise Capital Allocation: Effect Identification and Mechanism Test". Sustainability 14, nr 20 (13.10.2022): 13151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013151.

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The carbon emission trading system, as a significant policy instrument to ensure the Chinese economy achieves a green and low carbon transition, will also affect economic enterprise efficiency. This paper takes listed enterprises in a Chinese carbon trading pilot from 2011 to 2020 as research samples, constructs a multi-period differential model, and explores the impact of Chinese the carbon emission trading system on enterprise capital allocation efficiency. We find that the Chinese carbon emission trading system effectively improves the capital allocation efficiency of enterprises, which is more significant in enterprises with light pollution intensity and strong regional environmental regulation. Further analysis shows that the carbon emission trading system can improve the efficiency of enterprise capital allocation by improving the efficiency of working capital management and asset operation efficiency, while the path of human capital value is not established. Carbon trading market activity and government efficiency play a positive moderating role in the impact of the carbon emission trading system on enterprise capital allocation efficiency. The higher carbon trading market activity and government efficiency, the stronger the relationship between them. The above conclusions provide empirical evidence for the microeconomic effects of the Chinese carbon emission trading system, and also provide a useful reference for the government to implement carbon trading according to local conditions and improve the efficiency of enterprise capital allocation.

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Rožman, Maja, i Polona Tominc. "Navigating Gender Nuances: Assessing the Impact of AI on Employee Engagement in Slovenian Entrepreneurship". Systems 12, nr 5 (24.04.2024): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems12050145.

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Background: Our research delved into exploring various selected facets of AI-driven employee engagement, from the gender perspective, among Slovenian entrepreneurs. Methods: This research is based on a random sample of 326 large enterprises and SMEs in Slovenia, with an entrepreneur completing a questionnaire in each enterprise. Results: Findings suggest that there are no significant differences between male and female entrepreneurs in Slovenia regarding various aspects of AI-supported entrepreneurial management practice including the following: AI-supported entrepreneurial culture, AI-enhanced leadership, adopting AI to reduce employee workload, and incorporating AI tools into work processes. The widespread integration of AI into entrepreneurship marks a transition to a business landscape that values inclusivity and equity, measuring success through creativity, strategic technology deployment, and leadership qualities, rather than relying on gender-based advantages or limitations. Our research also focused on the identification of gender differences in path coefficients regarding the impact of the four previously mentioned aspects of AI on employee engagement. While both genders see the value in using AI to alleviate employee workload, the path coefficients indicate that female entrepreneurs report higher effectiveness in this area, suggesting differences in the implementation of AI-integrated strategies or tool selection. Male entrepreneurs, on the other hand, appear to integrate AI tools into their work processes more extensively, particularly in areas requiring predictive analytics and project scheduling. This suggests a more technical application of AI in their enterprises. Conclusions: These findings contribute to understanding gender-specific approaches to AI in enterprises and their subsequent effects on employee engagement.

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Ionov, Igor N. "CHANGES OF TEMPORAL REGIMES AND CONTRADICTORY IMAGES OF THE NATIONAL". Ural Historical Journal 76, nr 3 (2022): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-3(76)-24-33.

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The article describes the phenomenon of interference of different cultural practices broadcast in space and time: temporal regimes, images of time as a sphere of possible stories at a given period, and images associated with national self-consciousness and nationalism. The measure of the connection is analyzed between the progressive change in the perception of time described by R. Koselleck, when expectations are separated from experience, and the formation of national self-consciousness at the end of the 18th–19th centuries, as well as between the post-progressive transition from “solid” to “liquid” time described by Z. Bauman and the transformation of national identity into diverse forms of collective self-identifications, self-understandings and identity politics at the end of the 20th−21st centuries. The role in these processes of the transforming attitude to the time of the embodiment of the meaning of history ( airos) is considered: from the unchanging, general and exclusive, associated with the life path of Christ and the idea of the Second Coming, to the changing, multiple and exclusive (the progress of civilization in a given country as airos) and beyond, in the conditions of relativization of the “civilization” concept — to interacting inclusive senses of time, multi-temporality of connected histories or histoire croisée corresponding to multi-level ways of self-identification of the population (synaxis or co-existence, conciliar time). It is these temporal structures that create the prerequisites, first for the creation and strengthening of national self-consciousness, and then for its erosion.

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Górecki, Jarosław, Pedro Núñez-Cacho i Milena Rutkowska. "Study on Circular Economy Implementation Propensity of Construction Companies in Context of Prevailing Management Styles". Applied Sciences 12, nr 8 (14.04.2022): 3991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083991.

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The construction sector significantly impacts the environment. Buildings and non-building structures require natural resources and technical nutrients to be constructed and maintained. One of the most important challenges is the mitigation of their usage for construction projects. In the context of insufficient knowledge about the most effective leadership patterns for sustainable construction projects, one may wonder if there is one dominant style of management represented by construction companies. In turn, the challenges faced by these organizations can be related to how to effectively implement the circular economy (CE) concept, and thus reduce the negative externalities of the construction industry. Transition to sustainable construction requires the involvement of change leaders. In this article, based on a literature review and questionnaire, it was revealed that it is extremely difficult to distinguish one prevailing leadership style in construction companies. Besides, a path to CE maturity has been shown as a continual pursuit. The consistency enables effective promotion of the concept of CE in the construction company. The research allowed the identification of three explicit phases, disharmony, euphoria, and harmony, in becoming the CE-matured construction enterprise.

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Tolvaišis, Leonas. "Hungarian cultural autonomy in Vojvodina from the 1974 Socialist Constitution to the 2009 Statute of Autonomy: path dependence dynamics against the reversal of minority policies". Nationalities Papers 40, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2011.633074.

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Applying a historical institutionalist theoretical perspective to the ethnic minority policy domain, the article attempts to explain why state policies toward minorities may be difficult to reverse once introduced. Focusing on a case study of the cultural status of the Vojvodina Hungarian minority in Serbia, the article attempts to find out the forms taken by self-reinforcing dynamics associated with minority-related policies, once they are de-institutionalized. The paper deals with the evolution of the concept of Hungarian cultural autonomy in Vojvodina in the context of the transition from the socialist framework of minority rights protection, applied in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina under the 1974 Constitution, to the system established by the Law on National Councils of National Minorities and the Statute of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina adopted in 2009, after the interim period of state centralization in the 1990s. The Vojvodina case study exemplifies the costs faced by governments aspiring to reverse these policies and allows the identification of path-dependent factors behind the collective action processes related to the main principles of these policies, and conditions that allow these principles to outlive the abolishment of respective institutional arrangements, persist across radical political and social changes over time, and re-emerge at later historical stages, in new institutional settings.

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Marchetti, Emanuele, Alec van Herwijnen, Marc Christen, Maria Cristina Silengo i Giulia Barfucci. "Seismo-acoustic energy partitioning of a powder snow avalanche". Earth Surface Dynamics 8, nr 2 (2.06.2020): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-399-2020.

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Abstract. While flowing downhill, a snow avalanche radiates seismic waves in the ground and infrasonic waves in the atmosphere. Seismic energy is radiated by the dense basal layer flowing above the ground, while infrasound energy is likely radiated by the powder front. However, the mutual energy partitioning is not fully understood. We present infrasonic and seismic array data of a powder snow avalanche, which was released on 5 February 2016, in the Dischma valley above Davos, Switzerland. A five-element infrasound array, sensitive above 0.1 Hz, and a seven-element seismic array, sensitive above 4.5 Hz, were deployed at a short distance (<500 m) from each other and close (<1500 m) to the avalanche path. The avalanche dynamics were modelled by using RAMMS (rapid mass movement simulation) and characterized in terms of front velocity and flow height. The use of arrays rather than single sensors allowed us to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and to identify the event in terms of back-azimuth angle and apparent velocity of the recorded wave fields. Wave parameters, derived from array processing, were used to identify the avalanche path and highlight the areas, along the path, where seismic and infrasound energy radiation occurred. The analysis showed that seismic energy is radiated all along the avalanche path, from the initiation to the deposition area, while infrasound is radiated only from a limited sector, where the flow is accelerated and the powder cloud develops. The recorded seismic signal is characterized by scattered back-azimuth angle, suggesting that seismic energy is likely radiated by multiple sources acting at once. On the contrary, the infrasound signal is characterized by a clear variation of back-azimuth angle and apparent velocity. This indicates that infrasound energy radiation is dominated by a moving point source, likely consistent with the powder cloud. Thanks to such clear wave parameters, infrasound is revealed to be particularly efficient for avalanche detection and path identification. While the infrasound apparent velocity decreases as the flow moves downhill, the seismic apparent velocity is quite scattered but decreases to sound velocity during the phase of maximum infrasound radiation. This indicates an efficient process of infrasound to seismic energy transition, which, in our case, increases the recorded seismic amplitude by ∼20 %, at least in our frequency band of analysis. Such an effect can be accounted for when the avalanche magnitude is estimated from seismic amplitude. Presented results clearly indicate how the process of seismo-acoustic energy radiation by a powder avalanche is very complex and likely controlled by the powder cloud formation and dynamics, and the process is hence affected by the path geometry and snow characteristics.

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Wang, Hao, Ken Yikai Wu i Wenhui Lv. "Research on Financial Risk Identification and Prevention of Small and Medium-sized Construction Enterprises Based on ISM-MICMAC Model". BCP Business & Management 30 (24.10.2022): 688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v30i.2518.

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This study uses the ISM (Interpretative Structural Modelling) to model, relies on expert judgment to obtain better results, reveals the hierarchical relationship between each risk, and indicates its role path in small and medium-sized construction enterprises. At the same time, the driving and dependent coordinator diagram of the MICMAC (Matriced Impacts Corises-Multiplication Appliance Classment) is used to further analyze the interaction mechanism of each risk. The study found that the financial risk identification was divided into the transition structure of 6 levels and 21 classes. Gross profit margin of sales and the number of real estate enterprises are two indirect factors affecting the financial risk of small and medium-sized construction enterprises. Asset-liability ratio, interest coverage ratio, and inventory turnover rate are the direct factors affecting the financial risks of small and medium-sized construction enterprises. Liquidity ratio, quick ratio, cash ratio, return on total assets, basic earnings per share, return on net assets, operating profit, turnover rate of accounts receivable, inventory turnover rate, net profit growth rate, operating profit growth rate, growth rate of return on net assets, total assets of the enterprise, the number of enterprise personnel, national fixed real estate investment quota and real estate sales area are the deep-seated factors affecting the financial risks of small and medium-sized construction enterprises, while the first solution of the driving factors such as turnover of total capital can also help reduce the risk of construction enterprise and enhance the vitality of the enterprise.

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Zhou, Haiyan. "Prepositional units, formed on the basis of prepositional-noun forms (based on the material of modern Russian media)". Media Linguistics 7, nr 4 (2020): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2020.404.

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The article deals with prepositional units formed on the basis of prepositional-noun and widely used in modern Russian media. These units were studied in different aspects and were referred to by different terms. We, following M. V. Vsevolodova, use the broader term “prepositional units” and divide prepositional units into three groups. The first group includes prepositional units of the type ввиду (чего-н.), вместо (кого-чего-н.), вроде (кого-чего-н.), which have a structural integrity. The second group includes such as в силу (чего-н.), в честь (кого-чего-н.), в течение (чего-н.), which differ separately. The third group is prepositional units of the type в рамках (чего-н.), в области (чего-н.), на фоне (чего-н.), etc., which were characterized by the possible insertion of consistent adjectives or pronouns. In the article, using the transitivity scale of V. V. Babaytseva, the similarities and differences of prepositional units are revealed, and the stages they occupy on the path of identification depending on the specifi use are revealed. From the point of view of the diachronic transition of language phenomena, these prepositional units reflect the process of their lexicalization, that is, it is clear that they have turned from separate syntactic units into a single lexical unit. On the other hand, there is also a grammaticalization process, that is, there is a desemanization and decategorization of each element within the unit. It indicates a close relationship between lexicalization and grammaticalization. The functional similarity of the prepositional forms of the noun and the preposition, a high frequency of use «предлог+падежная форма существительного» facilitate the transition into the prepositional units.

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Salov, Alexander Igorevich. "The concept of the teacher’s ethical worldview formation". Samara Journal of Science 6, nr 3 (1.09.2017): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201763309.

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The paper shows the importance of an ethical world view, which is a kind of technology for eliminating the worst enemies of mankind (terrorism, separatism, etc.), the technology of survival in situations that go beyond everyday life, leading to a common moral and ethical denominator of peoples efforts to suppress evil; it is pointed out that the ethical worldview of the teacher is a system of values of values as the ultimate meanings of life and activity that are directed towards the moral and value reality of the vertical of ethical consciousness, acting in the form of guidelines on the path of movement toward moral ideals, on top of which there is the ideal of the man of Mankind; different points of view of scientists as to their understanding of the concept concept are being comprehended; the concept of the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher in the process of improving the pedagogical qualification is developed in the following logic: 1. The rationale for the idea a) being the backbone of the transition from the core of the ethical worldview of the teacher of basic values to the goal; b) unfolding into the ideal as an image of the desired. 2. Defining the goal within the transition from basic values to the idea. 3. Justification of the ideal, the approach to which the teacher, the student is carried out through the good, synthesizing the basic values. 4. Identification of moral and ethical principles for the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher. 5. Defining the approach to the formation of an ethical worldview teacher.

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Wolosin, J. Mario. "A Keratin 12 Expression-Based Analysis of Stem-Precursor Cells and Differentiation in the Limbal–Corneal Epithelium Using Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data". Biology 13, nr 3 (26.02.2024): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13030145.

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The corneal epithelium (CE) is spread between two domains, the outer vascularized limbus and the avascular cornea proper. Epithelial cells undergo constant migration from the limbus to the vision-critical central cornea. Coordinated with this migration, the cells undergo differentiation changes where a pool of unique stem/precursor cells at the limbus yields the mature cells that reach the corneal center. Differentiation is heralded by the expression of the corneal-specific Krt12. Processing data acquired by scRNA-Seq showed that the increase in Krt12 expression occurs in four distinct steps within the limbus, plus a single continuous increase in the cornea. Differential gene analysis demonstrated that these domains reflect discreet stages of CE differentiation and yielded extensive information of the genes undergoing down- or upregulation in the sequential transition from less to more differentiate conditions. The approach allowed the identification of multiple gene cohorts, including (a) the genes which have maximal expression in the most primitive, Krt12-negative cell cohort, which is likely to include the stem/precursor cells; (b) the sets of genes that undergo continuous increase or decrease along the whole differentiation path; and (c) the genes showing maximal positive or negative correlation with the changes in Krt12.

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Philatova, Maria. "The Philosophy of Transhumanism as a Revenge of the Ego-cogito". Philosophical anthropology 8, nr 2 (2022): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2414-3715-2022-8-2-132-150.

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The author of the article contrasts the objection to transhumanism, which proceeds from the fact of success technoscience, with the objection, that takes the very fact of technoscience as a problem. Transhumanism itself gives rise to the problematization of science. It is the top of its development, and at the same time it fits into a single line of continuity of the forms of transformation of human nature known in history, as another, new link of it, following Christianity in this serie. The identification of this kind of "religious" roots of transhumanism brings back the relevance of the problem of the connection between science and Christianity and provides additional resources for reviewing this problem today. The author of the article shows the connection between the problem of the mathematization (transformation) of nature, known even to the Eleatics, the new possibilities opened for it by Christianity, and the new European tradition of the I-cogito. The Cogito presented itself as a human nature transformed through union with God, as the very unit that Zeno had once sought, but never found. But while posing as something new to western european philosophy and thus defining its development, the cogito was not what it claimed to be. The transition from Descartes' pseudo-discoveries to Zeno's conclusions was inevitable. It has declared itself as a transition from classical epistemology to non-classical epistemology. In view of the fact that non-classics do not just indicate the failure of the classics, but call into question the very possibility of science, two paths open up: the way back or the way forward. The way back brings us back to the problem of the genesis of science, to a radical revision of its possibility. The way forward is the path of transhumanism as a rehabilitation of the pseudo-unity of the I-cogito in the new, extremely favorable conditions, when postmodernism has already abolished the polarization of the top and the bottom, the upper and the lower, that set the problem of unity.

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