Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Transit dose

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Transit dose”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 19 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Transit dose"

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Palmer, A. "Impact of software changes: Transit dose and source position accuracy of the Eckert & Ziegler BEBIG GmbH MultiSource® high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatment unit". Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 12, nr 1 (2.08.2012): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396912000192.

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AbstractPurpose: Medical device performance checks are essential following changes to control system software. This work investigates the effects of new software on the performance of a high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatment unit.Methods and Materials: A performance assessment was undertaken of the Eckert & Ziegler BEBIG GmbH MultiSource® HDR treatment unit following software upgrade. Video recordings of source transits were used to calculate transit doses, and autoradiography used to measure source dwell positions. Results were compared to a previous study.1Results: All results showed improved performance with the new compared to old control software. Optimal source movement profiles were observed with maximum transit speeds of 63 (+/−4) mm s−1 between dwells of 5.0 mm separation. The maximum error in transit dose correction with the new software was 2.5 % at 10.0 mm perpendicular from the source axis, compared to 5.6 % previously. The new software eliminated a causal relationship between curvature of the source transfer tubes and dwell position uncertainty.Conclusions: This work demonstrates the need for comprehensive medical device system checks following software changes. Technical improvements in HDR device performance have been achieved with the new software; reducing transit doses, improving transit dose correction, and improving source positioning accuracy.
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Giménez-Alventosa, Vicent, Javier Vijande, Facundo Ballester i Jose Perez-Calatayud. "Transit dose comparisons for60Co and192Ir HDR sources". Journal of Radiological Protection 36, nr 4 (14.10.2016): 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/36/4/858.

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Persoon, L. C. G. G., M. Podesta, S. M. J. J. G. Nijsten, E. G. C. Troost i F. Verhaegen. "Time-Resolved Versus Integrated Transit Planar Dosimetry for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy". Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 15, nr 6 (9.07.2016): NP79—NP87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533034615617668.

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Purpose: It is desirable that dosimetric deviations during radiation treatments are detected. Integrated transit planar dosimetry is commonly used to evaluate external beam treatments such as volumetric-modulated arc therapy. This work focuses on patient geometry changes which result in differences between the planned and the delivered radiation dose. Integrated transit planar dosimetry will average out some deviations. Novel time-resolved transit planar dosimetry compares the delivered dose of volumetric-modulated arc therapy to the planned dose at various time points. Four patient cases are shown where time-resolved transit planar dosimetry detects patient geometry changes during treatment. Methods: A control point to control point comparison between the planned dose and the treatment dose of volumetric-modulated arc therapy beams is calculated using the planning computed tomography and the kV cone-beam computed tomography of the day and evaluated with a time-resolved γ function. Results were computed for 4 patients treated with volumetric-modulated arc therapy, each showing an anatomical change: pleural effusion, rectal gas pockets, and tumor regression. Results: In all cases, the geometrical change was detected by time-resolved transit planar dosimetry, whereas integrated transit planar dosimetry showed minor or no indication of the dose discrepancy. Both tumor regression cases were detected earlier in the treatment with time-resolved planar dosimetry in comparison to integrated transit planar dosimetry. The pleural effusion and the gas pocket were detected exclusively with time-resolved transit planar dosimetry. Conclusions: Clinical cases were presented in this proof-of-principle study in which integrated transit planar dosimetry did not detect dosimetrically relevant deviations to the same extent time-resolved transit planar dosimetry was able to. Time-resolved transit planar dosimetry also provides results that can be presented as a function of arc delivery angle allowing easier interpretation compared to integrated transit planar dosimetry.
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Bouras, E. P., M. Camilleri, D. D. Burton i S. McKinzie. "Selective stimulation of colonic transit by the benzofuran 5HT4 agonist, prucalopride, in healthy humans". Gut 44, nr 5 (1.05.1999): 682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.44.5.682.

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BACKGROUNDPrucalopride (R093877) is a selective and specific 5HT4 agonist, the first of a new chemical class of benzofurans, with gastrointestinal prokinetic activities in vitro.AIMSTo evaluate the effects of prucalopride on gastrointestinal and colonic transit.METHODSA validated scintigraphic technique was used to measure gastrointestinal and colonic transit over 48 hours in 50 healthy volunteers. For seven days, each subject received a daily dose of 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 mg prucalopride, or placebo in a double blind, randomised fashion. The transit test was performed over the last 48 hours.RESULTSThere were significant accelerations of overall colonic transit at 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours (p<0.05) and proximal colonic emptying t1/2 (p<0.05). The 0.5, 2, and 4 mg doses of prucalopride were almost equally effective and accelerated colonic transit compared with placebo. Prucalopride did not significantly alter gastric emptying (p>0.5) or small bowel transit (overall p=0.12). The medication appeared to be well tolerated during the seven day treatment of healthy subjects.CONCLUSIONPrucalopride accelerates colonic transit, partly by stimulating proximal colonic emptying, but does not alter gastric or small bowel transit in healthy human subjects. Prucalopride deserves further study in patients with constipation.
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Viramontes, Blanca E., Allison Malcolm, Michael Camilleri, Lawrence A. Szarka, Sanna McKinzie, Duane D. Burton i Alan R. Zinsmeister. "Effects of an α2-adrenergic agonist on gastrointestinal transit, colonic motility, and sensation in humans". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 281, nr 6 (1.12.2001): G1468—G1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.6.g1468.

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To characterize α2-adrenergic control of motor and sensory functions of gastrointestinal tract and colon, we studied dose-related effects of clonidine (placebo or up to 0.3 mg po) by random assignment in 55 healthy humans. Gastrointestinal transit was measured in all subjects; in 35, we assessed colonic compliance, tone, and sensations of gas and pain during phasic distensions. Clonidine did not significantly alter gastrointestinal or colonic transit, but it increased colonic compliance and reduced fasting tone without altering colonic response to a meal. Clonidine significantly reduced aggregate sensation to distensions overall and had significant linear dose-related sensory effects at 8- and 24-mmHg distensions. Effect on pain (including dose-response relationship) was due to 0.3-mg dose for distensions at 24 mmHg. We confirmed that clonidine relaxes fasting colonic tone and reduces sensation of pain. In this study, gut transit was not altered by clonidine, and novel dose-response characteristics and clonidine's effect on gas sensation are provided. Doses as low as 0.05 mg may be effective and potentially useful in reducing colonic tone and gas sensation.
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Anvari, Akbar, Seyed Mahmoud Reza Aghamiri, Seyed Rabi Mahdavi, Parham Alaei i Mohammad Mohammadi. "Dosimetric properties of fluoroscopic EPID for transit dosimetry". Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 14, nr 1 (30.10.2014): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396914000405.

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AbstractThe aim of this work was to evaluate dose response of fluoroscopic EPID for transit dosimetry applications. Properties studied included warm up time, build-up thickness evaluation, dose history, linearity, stability, and short and long-term reproducibility of EPID response, as well as field size dependence.Pixel value matrices of electronic portal images in DICOM format were analysed in central and 8 off axis points using customised written codes in Matlab. In order to do this, nine 26×26 pixel matrices were selected as regions of interest, the regions represented by these arrays were 1×1 and 0·65×0·65 cm2 at the EPID and isocentre level, respectively.Necessary warm up time for stable operation of EPID is 30 minutes, and there is no need for extra build-up layer to increase the dose response. Linearity tests indicate charged coupled device camera of EPID saturates at 50 cGy level, and does not have linear relationship with dose. Reproducibility and stability of the measurements were excellent and the detector showed same signal with a maximum deviation of <0·3% both in short and long terms. Results of dosimetric evaluation have shown the TheraView fluoroscopic EPID can be used for transit dosimetry purposes.
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Wong, Tony P. Y., Wasantha Fernando, Peter N. Johnston i Ian F. Bubb. "Transit dose of an Ir-192 high dose rate brachytherapy stepping source". Physics in Medicine and Biology 46, nr 2 (21.12.2000): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/46/2/304.

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Bastin, K. T., M. B. Podgorsak, B. R. Thomadsen, B. R. Paliwal i T. J. Kinsella. "Transit dose in high dose rate brachytherapy: Direct measurements and clinical implications". International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 24 (styczeń 1992): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(92)90154-a.

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Puig, M. M., O. Pol i W. Warner. "Interaction of Morphine and Clonidine on Gastrointestinal Transit in Mice". Anesthesiology 85, nr 6 (1.12.1996): 1403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199612000-00022.

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Background Combinations of drugs are frequently used to achieve effective analgesia while minimizing side effects. Although the analgesic effects of morphine and clonidine seem to be synergistic, few studies have investigated other effects. Their role in inhibiting gastrointestinal transit was evaluated using different methods of analysis. Methods Percentage inhibition of transit induced by morphine, clonidine, or their combination was measured in mice that had been given an intragastric charcoal meal. Dose-response curves were obtained for each drug individually; for morphine:clonidine at 1:3, 1:1, and 1:0.33 ratios; and for morphine in the presence of 0.0138 mg/kg clonidine. The interaction was evaluated by isobolograms, combination indexes, and fixed-dose analysis. Results Each drug and their combinations inhibited transit in a dose-related manner. Combinations of morphine and clonidine produced interaction that depended on the ratio and level of response. The interaction analyzed by isobolograms and combination indexes showed that combinations in 1:1 and 1:3 proportions were synergistic at the median effective doses or less and were antagonistic at larger doses. Fixed-dose analysis using different ratios showed similar results. The effects of the combination (median effective dose at 1:1 ratio) were antagonized by efaroxan but not by naloxone, suggesting a predominant role of alpha-2-mediated effects. Conclusions Investigations into drug interactions should include several levels of response and combinations at different ratios. Isobolographic analysis permits the statistical evaluation of results without making assumptions about mechanisms of action of the drugs or their interactions. In this study, the combination of morphine and clonidine should produce synergy, antagonism, or no interaction depending on the relative doses and the level of effect.
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Winterton, S. S., i N. G. Tarr. "BASE TRANSIT TIME MINIMIZATION WITH FIXED BASE DOPANT DOSE". Solid-State Electronics 42, nr 4 (kwiecień 1998): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-1101(97)00252-9.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Transit dose"

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Adkin, Dawn Anne. "The effect of pharmaceutical exipients on small intestinal transit". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260596.

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Chung, Heeteak. "In vivo dose reconstruction using a 2D dosimeter via transit dosimetry". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024695.

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Younan, Fouad. "Reconstruction de la dose absorbée in vivo en 3D pour les traitements RCMI et arcthérapie à l'aide des images EPID de transit". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30333/document.

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Cette thèse a été réalisée dans le cadre de la dosimétrie des faisceaux de haute énergie délivrés au patient pendant un traitement de radiothérapie externe. L'objectif de ce travail est de vérifier que la distribution de dose 3D absorbée dans le patient est conforme au calcul réalisé sur le système de planification de traitement (TPS) à partir de l'imageur portal (en anglais : Electronic Portal Imaging Device, EPID). L'acquisition est réalisée en mode continu avec le détecteur aS-1200 au silicium amorphe embarqué sur la machine TrueBeam STx (VARIAN Medical system, Palo Alto, USA). Les faisceaux ont une énergie de 10 MeV et un débit de 600 UM.min-1. La distance source-détecteur (DSD) est de 150 cm. Après correction des pixels défectueux, une étape d'étalonnage permet de convertir leur signal en dose absorbée dans l'eau via une fonction de réponse. Des kernels de correction sont également utilisés pour prendre en compte la différence de matériaux entre l'EPID et l'eau et pour corriger la pénombre sur les profils de dose. Un premier modèle de calcul a permis ensuite de rétroprojeter la dose portale en milieu homogène en prenant en compte plusieurs phénomènes : les photons diffusés provenant du fantôme et rajoutant un excès de signal sur les images, l'atténuation des faisceaux, la diffusion dans le fantôme, l'effet de build-up et l'effet de durcissement du faisceau avec la profondeur. La dose reconstruite est comparée à celle calculée par le TPS avec une analyse gamma globale (3% du maximum de dose et 3 mm de DTA). L'algorithme a été testé sur un fantôme cylindrique homogène et sur un fantôme de pelvis à partir de champs modulés en intensité (RCMI) et à partir de champs d'arcthérapie volumique modulés, VMAT selon l'acronyme anglais Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy. Le modèle a ensuite été affiné pour prendre en compte les hétérogénéités traversées dans le milieu au moyen des distances équivalentes eau dans une nouvelle approche de dosimétrie plus connue sous le terme de " in aqua vivo " (1). Il a été testé sur un fantôme thorax et, in vivo sur 10 patients traités pour une tumeur de la prostate à partir de champs VMAT. Pour finir, le modèle in aqua a été testé sur le fantôme thorax avant et après y avoir appliqué certaines modifications afin d'évaluer la possibilité de détection de sources d'erreurs pouvant influencer la bonne délivrance de la dose au patient.[...]
This thesis aims at the dosimetry of high energy photon beams delivered to the patient during an external radiation therapy treatment. The objective of this work is to use EPID the Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) in order to verify that the 3D absorbed dose distribution in the patient is consistent with the calculation performed on the Treatment Planning System (TPS). The acquisition is carried out in continuous mode with the aS-1200 amorphous silicon detector embedded on the TrueBeam STx machine (VARIAN Medical system, Palo Alto, USA) for 10MV photons with a 600 UM.min-1 dose rate. The source-detector distance (SDD) is 150 cm. After correction of the defective pixels, a calibration step is performed to convert the signal into an absorbed dose in water via a response function. Correction kernels are also used to take into account the difference in materials between EPID and water and to correct penumbra. A first model of backprojection was performed to reconstruct the absorbed dose distribution in a homogeneous medium by taking into account several phenomena: the scattered photons coming from the phantom to the EPID, the attenuation of the beams, the diffusion into the phantom, the build-up, and the effect of beam hardening with depth. The reconstructed dose is compared to the one calculated by the TPS with global gamma analysis (3% as the maximum dose difference criteria and 3mm as the distance to agreement criteria). The algorithm was tested on a homogeneous cylindrical phantom and a pelvis phantom for Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and (Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) technics. The model was then refined to take into account the heterogeneities in the medium by using radiological distances in a new dosimetrical approach better known as "in aqua vivo" (1). It has been tested on a thorax phantom and, in vivo on 10 patients treated for a prostate tumor from VMAT fields. Finally, the in aqua model was tested on the thorax phantom before and after making some modifications to evaluate the possibility of detecting errors that could affect the correct delivery of the dose to the patient. [...]
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Wong, Tony Po Yin, i tony wong@swedish org. "Improving Treatment Dose Accuracy in Radiation Therapy". RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080104.144139.

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The thesis aims to improve treatment dose accuracy in brachytherapy using a high dose rate (HDR) Ir-192 stepping source and in external beam therapy using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). For HDR brachytherapy, this has been achieved by investigating dose errors in the near field and the transit dose of the HDR brachytherapy stepping source. For IMRT, this study investigates the volume effect of detectors in the dosimetry of small fields, and the clinical implementation and dosimetric verification of a 6MV photon beam for IMRT. For the study of dose errors in the near field of an HDR brachytherapy stepping source, the dose rate at point P at 0.25 cm in water from the transverse bisector of a straight catheter was calculated with Monte Carlo code MCNP 4.A. The Monte Carlo (MC) results were used to compare with the results calculated with the Nucletron Brachytherapy Planning System (BPS) formalism. Using the MC calculated radial dose function and anisotropy function with the BPS formalism, 1% dose calculation accuracy can be achieved even in the near field with negligible extra demand on computation time. A video method was used to analyse the entrance, exit and the inter-dwell transit speed of the HDR stepping source for different path lengths and step sizes ranging from 2.5 mm to 995 mm. The transit speeds were found to be ranging from 54 to 467 mm/s. The results also show that the manufacturer has attempted to compensate for the effects of inter-dwell transit dose by reducing the actual dwell time of the source. A well-type chamber was used to determine the transit doses. Most of the measured dose differences between stationary and stationary plus inter-dwell source movement were within 2%. The small-field dosimetry study investigates the effect of detector size in the dosimetry of small fields and steep dose gradients with a particular emphasis on IMRT measurements. Due to the finite size of the detector, local discrepancies of more than 10 % are found between calculated cross profiles of intensity modulated beams and intensity modulated profiles measured with film. A method to correct for the spatial response of finite sized detectors and to obtain the
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Bismack, Brian James. "Implementation of the Dosimetry Check Software Package in Computing 3D Patient Exit Dose Through Generation of a Deconvolution Kernel to be Used for Patients’ IMRT Treatment Plan QA". University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1290456365.

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Chevillard, Clément. "Contrôle de la dose délivrée en radiothérapie externe : étude de l'apport mutuel de l'imagerie volumique embarquée et de la dosimétrie de transit". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS486/document.

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En radiothérapie externe, le traitement est administré au patient avec une séance chaque jour en utilisant le traitement établi en amont et répété jusqu’à la fin du traitement. La planification du traitement est établie par un système de planification du traitement (TPS) qui utilise des informations basées sur l’anatomie du patient (CT, IRM, TEP) et un calcul de dose. L'intégration aux unités de traitement des dispositifs d´ imagerie embarquée peuvent être utilisées pour vérifier la position du patient et son anatomie (dispositif d’imagerie Portal Électronique - EPID-, tomodensitométrie à faisceau conique - CBCT -). L'objectif principal est de fournir une solution robuste pour la routine afin de contrôler la dose délivrée au patient avec la dose prévue établie à partir du TPS. La première partie de ce travail consiste à intégrer une comparaison d'images EPID pour chaque fraction par rapport à la fraction planifiée (images CT) en acceptant, rejetant ou ignorant la différence de position et de niveau de dose du patient selon une tolérance seuil définie par l’utilisateur. La deuxième partie consiste à utiliser l´ imagerie volumique embarquée pour reconstruire la dose délivrée fraction par fraction en réalisant un calcul de dose. Avec la dose reçue par le patient jour après jour, sur la base de nouveaux indicateurs, il est possible d’établir une traçabilité permettant d’identifier les déviations et d’évaluer la qualité du traitement.Pour conclure, ces nouveaux indicateurs permettraient une double traçabilité : d'une part l'amélioration du calcul de dose puis l'efficacité du traitement ; d´ autre part, la sécurité du traitement et de la technique utilisée
In external radiation therapy, the treatment is delivered to the patient with a fraction every day using the treatment established before and repeated until the end of the treatment. Treatment planning is establish using anatomical information of the patient and a dose calculation. New technologies already integrated to the treatment units can be used to check the positioning of the patient and anatomical information (Electronic Portal Imaging Device - EPID-, Cone Beam Computed Tomography - CBCT - ).The main goal is to develop a system to control the dose delivered to the patient from the dose establish with the TPS.The first aim of this work is to integrate portal images to compare and assess the position of the patient at each fraction to the planned one (CT images) by accepting, rejecting or ignoring the patient positioning and dose level discrepancy according to a tolerance threshold defined by the user. The second aim is to integrate on boardimaging to reconstruct the delivered dose using a dose calculation. Following the dose received by the patient day after day, based on new indicators, it can be established a traceability to identify deviation and assess treatment quality.To conclude, these new indicators would allow a double traceability : in one hand the improvement of the calculation and then the efficiency of the treatment ; in another hand the safety of the treatment and the technique used
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Cruz, Margarida Maria Lourenço. "Avaliação dos impactos de restrições ao transito de veiculos". [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257716.

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Orientador: Maria Lucia Galves
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T09:07:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz_MargaridaMariaLourenco_M.pdf: 2153837 bytes, checksum: e101248b1c01afc4612181f603d9cf30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: As medidas de restrição ao trânsito de veículos automotores são, em geral, aplicadas em áreas centrais de grandes cidades. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas e avaliadas as medidas de restrição ao estacionamento e à circulação, agrupadas em restrições física, regulamentar e fiscal. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar quais impactos podem ser causados, aos diversos usuários da via, pela implementação de medidas de restrição ao trânsito de veículos. Para tanto, é desenvolvido procedimento para auxiliar técnicos, responsáveis pela decisão sobre a implementação destas medidas, a sistematizar as informações para análise. Primeiramente, são organizadas as informações disponíveis na literatura consultada sobre medidas de restrição, que aqui são divididas em restrição ao estacionamento e restrição à circulação. As medidas de restrição são classificadas e definidas, e são apresentados os objetivos que motivam sua implantação com exemplos de aplicação em diversas localidades, tanto do Brasil quanto do exterior. Após esta caracterização, é feita uma análise das tendências de alterações provocadas pela implementação de medidas de restrição considerando cada usuário da via, denominado ator neste trabalho. São escolhidas algumas variáveis por meio das quais é feita a análise, como acessibilidade, fluidez, segurança, custo e qualidade ambiental. As informações sobre as tendências de alteração destas variáveis são sistematizadas considerando cada ator. A avaliação dos impactos da aplicação de cada medida é feita para duas áreas hipotéticas, uma onde haveria a implementação das medidas de restrição e uma área adjacente, sem aplicação de restrição. Posteriormente, é feita uma síntese destas informações, por tipo de usuário do sistema viário, observando se houve melhora ou piora nas variáveis escolhidas para análise. Com este procedimento, é possível verificar quais impactos podem ser causados, a cada usuário da via, pela implementação de medidas de restrição ao trânsito de veículos. Os gestores de trânsito têm encontrado resistência à implementação das medidas de restrição ao trânsito, provavelmente pela falta de respaldo técnico para uma tomada de decisão fundamentada e porque seus impactos não são bem compreendidos pelos operadores do sistema viário. Procurou-se, neste trabalho, sistematizar informações que venham aprofundar o conhecimento e colaborar para a análise e tomada de decisões sobre a implementação de medidas de restrição ao trânsito de veículos
Abstract: This work aims at verifying the impacts caused to the various road user groups due to the introduction of restrictive measures towards vehicle traffic. Procedures will be developed in order to assist decision-maker traffic managers to systematize data collection and analysis. Initially, the available information from the literature on restrictive measures is organized into parking or traffic restraint measures. The measures are defined and classified, and the reasons that motivated their implementation are presented along with examples of application in different places, such as cities in Brazil and other countries. After this characterization, a tendency analysis on the resulting changes triggered by the implementation of the restrictive measures is presented, considering each road user group, hereby called 'actor¿. Variables such as accessibility, traffic flow, safety, cost and environmental quality have been chosen for the analysis. The information about the variable change tendencies are systematized taking into account each actor. The evaluation of the impacts of the application of each measure is made considering two hypothetical areas: one where the restrictive measures should have been applied, and an adjacent area where no restrictions have been applied although side effects may be observed. Subsequently, a synthesis of the results achieved is presented showing improvement or worsening for the chosen variables according to the road user groups. This procedure allows the assessment of the impacts caused by the implementation of traffic restraint to each road user group. Traffic managers have encountered resistance in implementing traffic restrictive measures, probably due to the lack of technical support to a consistent decision making and to the poor understanding of the resulting impacts by the road system managers. This work aims at improving knowledge and collaborating to analysis and decision making on the implementation of traffic restraint measures by means of systematizing the information
Mestrado
Transportes
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Lee, Esther J. (Esther Jung Mi) 1974. "Does training matter? : construction quality for a new start transit system : the case of Tren Urbano". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68387.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-104).
As with many other large-scale infrastructure projects, the construction of a transit project is potentially vulnerable to quality failures, which can lead to completion delays and cost overruns. Especially with technologically advanced, new-start transit projects, a limitation or lack of skilled labor can exacerbate those risks. This thesis examines the case of Tren Urbano in San Juan, Puerto Rico, a rapid rail project currently being constructed in an area with limited on-island experience in the design, construction, operation or maintenance of such a technologically sophisticated transit system. The motivating question for this thesis is, does training matter for construction quality? The research findings of this thesis show that the multiple prime contractors operating under similar contractual arrangements and resource conditions in San Juan exhibit variations in the quality of construction. Research findings also reveal variations in the type of training programs established by the contractors. A limited conclusion is drawn that although training of inexperienced labor does not single-handedly insure high quality of construction, it nevertheless is important to the successful implementation of project design. Thus, this thesis argues that in order to maximize the quality of construction in a new transit system, the client-owners should create an appropriate strategy which carefully assesses and matches three factors: 1) procurement strategy, whether the conventional design-bid-build or innovative design-build arrangement, 2) contractor competence and experience, and 3) the existent local labor skill level or training capacity. A successful procurement strategy for the construction of future extensions to Tren Urbano should therefore consider: 1) choosing best-value bids over low bids, where the contractor has exhibited expertise and 2) training a broad range of skill sets, that includes explicit attention paid to the construction laborers and monitoring inspectors crucial for the quality of construction. Successful training should be tailored to pre-empt potential breakdowns of a particular procurement strategy. Furthermore, the training should also be an intentional, collaborative effort between the public education sector, the private construction sector, and an expanded labor union presence, and should fit within an overall industrial development policy of the government. An important theoretical contribution of this thesis is the expansion of the technology transfer discourse from a focus on an educated managerial class to include the ramping-up of skills for low-skilled, often uneducated, labor in order to expand the labor market for economic development while improving the profitability of the private sector ventures utilizing local labor.
by Esther J. Lee.
M.C.P.
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Debortoli, Alex. "Avaliação dos assentos de ônibus utilizado no transporte de pessoas com necessidades especiais". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25812.

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Resumo: É notório o avanço de ações em prol das pessoas portadoras de necessidades especiais, como a busca por novas políticas públicas e os avanços tecnológicos. A mobilização da sociedade tem contribuído significativamente para melhorias. Inserida neste contexto, Curitiba possui um sistema de transporte destinado a estudantes carentes portadores de necessidades especiais de caráter único no Brasil. A pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar os assentos dos ônibus destinados a este fim e confrontar os dados encontrados com as normas reguladoras nacionais, que estabelecem parâmetros para as adaptações dos veículos de transporte público de passageiros. Os dados encontrados através de avaliações heurísticas, filmagens, fotografias e medições dos assentos também foram comparados com as tabelas antropométricas do National Health Survey e do Instituto Brasileiro de Tecnologia. Identificaram-se falhas em itens que comprometem o conforto e a segurança dos usuários, sugerindo com urgência a adequação das dimensões dos assentos aos padrões antropométricos dos usuários e o aperfeiçoamento ergonômico em itens de segurança.
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Salvador, Daniel Meira. "Análise dos tipos de acidentes de trânsito em rodovias". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/92918.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2009
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No Brasil, os índices de fatalidade no trânsito, em comparação aos dos países desenvolvidos, são bastante elevados e representam uma das principais causas de morte prematura da população economicamente ativa. Em Santa Catarina, entre os anos de 2003 e 2007, mais de 3.000 pessoas morreram em acidentes de trânsito nas oito rodovias federais que cortam o Estado. Dentre essas rodovias, a BR-101 apresenta-se como a mais violenta por representar cerca de 20% da malha rodoviária federal do Estado e concentrar quase 50% dos acidentes registrados. Diante desse cenário, torna-se fundamental dedicar esforços e pesquisas visando minimizar os riscos impostos à qualidade de vida da população em termos de acidentes de trânsito. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar a ocorrência dos tipos de acidentes em três trechos distintos da rodovia federal BR-101 em Santa Catarina: Trecho Sul (não duplicado e predominantemente rural); Trecho da Grande Florianópolis (duplicado e urbanizado) e Trecho Norte (duplicado e predominantemente rural). A análise nos trechos Norte, da Grande Florianópolis e Sul, foi feita primeiramente baseada nos dados de acidentes de 2004, ano anterior ao início das obras de duplicação deste último; num segundo momento, a partir dos acidentes registrados em 2007, a análise se deu somente para os dois primeiros trechos, já que no Trecho Sul, devido às obras, os acidentes ocorreram de forma atípica. Através das distribuições de freqüência de acidentes por ano, por trecho e por tipo e com o uso do Modelo Logístico Multinomial, buscou-se compreender qual a influência da constituição física da rodovia e do meio em que a mesma está inserida na ocorrência dos tipos de acidentes de trânsito. Variáveis, tais como a condição do tempo, a condição de sinalização e a fase do dia, foram levadas em consideração na análise dos acidentes e de seus tipos. O Trecho Sul da rodovia, como era de se esperar, apresentou a maior proporção de acidentes do tipo colisão frontal. No Trecho da Grande Florianópolis predominaram as colisões laterais, transversais e traseiras. No Trecho Norte, acidentes dos tipos capotamento, colisão com objeto fixo e saída de pista ocorreram significativamente. Da análise comparativa entre os anos verificouse que as distribuições de freqüência dos tipos de acidentes nos trechos Norte e da Grande Florianópolis seguiram um padrão, com pequenas alterações. As informações obtidas possibilitam aos gestores da infra-estrutura viária identificar os efeitos da duplicação de rodovias e da ocupação das suas áreas de entorno sobre a segurança viária.
In Brazil, the rates of fatal traffic accidents, in comparison to developed countries, are rather high and one of the main causes of premature death among the economically active population. In Santa Catarina state, from 2003 to 2007, over 3,000 people died in traffic accidents that took place on the eight federal roads crossing the state. Among these roads, BR-101 is the most violent as it accounts for 20% of the accidents that take place on the federal road network in Santa Catarina and nearly 50% of the total amount of accidents. This situation demonstrates the need for conducting research and devising measures to promote a better quality of life concerning traffic accidents. This study aims at analyzing the types of accidents on three segments of BR-101 road located in Santa Catarina: South Segment (single lanes running in each direction and mostly rural); Grande Florianópolis Segment (two lanes running in each direction and urbanized), and North Segment (two lanes running in each direction and mostly rural). The analysis of the three segments was firstly performed with data from accidents that happened in 2004, one year before the construction of additional lanes started. For the data obtained from 2007 on, the analysis included the North and the Grande Florianópolis Segments only, because the repair work on the South Segment generated an atypical pattern of accidents. Based on the frequency distribution of accidents per year, per segment, and per type of accident, and based on the Multinomial Logistic Model, an attempt was made to understand how the physical features of the road and of the environment surrounding it influences the type of traffic accident. Variables such as weather conditions, traffic signs and part of the day were taken into account to analyze the accidents and classify them. The South Segment of BR-101, as expected, responds for the largest proportion of frontal collision accidents. On the Grande Florianópolis Segment, lateral, oblique, and rear-end collisions prevail. On the North Segment, the most frequent types of accident are rollovers, stationary-object collisions, and wrong-lane collisions. The comparative analysis across years yielded frequency distributions which revealed that for the North and the Grande Florianópolis Segments there is a pretty stable pattern of types of accidents. The information gathered here made it possible for the managers of the road infrastructure to identify the effects of building additional road lanes and of the areas surrounding the road upon road safety.
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Książki na temat "Transit dose"

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation. Enhancing the role of the private sector in public transportation: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, on the current role of the private sector in providing public transportation services, what barriers exist to increasing that role, and what might be done in reauthorization to reduce these barriers, July 23, 2003. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles i Parker Sarah. Art.9 Transit or Trans-Shipment. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses Article 9 of the ATT, which covers the regulation of each state party of the transit and trans-shipment of conventional arms through its territory. The obligation does not extend to ammunition/munitions or parts and components. The inclusion of specific obligations with respect to transit and trans-shipment reflects the need to ensure that all activities that form part of international arms transfers are regulated in order for the object and purpose of the ATT to be achieved in practice. The obligation in Article 9 is heavily qualified in recognition of the practical and legal issues that limit the ability—and capacity—of states to regulate and control goods in transit. State parties also have an obligation to prevent diversion of such arms, to co-operate and exchange information to mitigate any detected risk of diversion, and to take action to address any diversion detected.
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Danae, Azaria. 4 The Nature of International Obligations Regarding Transit of Energy: from Bilateral to Indivisible Obligations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0004.

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Chapter 4 classifies treaty obligations concerning transit with a view to determining which state is injured under the law of international responsibility and can invoke responsibility including by recourse to countermeasures against the responsible transit state. The question posed is to whom is each obligation owed. The analysis in this chapter also assists in determining which treaty party may have recourse to means available in the treaty where the treaty does not contain sufficiently express rules on standing, a matter which is analysed in Chapter 6. The analysis illustrates the polyphony of primary rules vis-à-vis their nature, and argues that bilateralism is not the only model in this area of international law (either in form or in substance). Rather, a number of treaties create collectively owed obligations: some erga omnes partes and some interdependent..
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Pearce, Ruth. Understanding Trans Health. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447342335.001.0001.

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What does it mean for someone to be ‘trans’? What are the implications of this for healthcare provision? Drawing on the findings of an extensive research project, this book addresses urgent challenges and debates in trans health. It interweaves patient voices with social theory and autobiography, offering an innovative look at how shifting language, patient mistrust, waiting lists and professional power shape clinical encounters, and exploring what a better future might look like for trans patients. These book aims to uncover how trans identities and experiences, along with conceptualisations of trans health, are understood in multiple contexts. The purpose is to grasp the social processes at play in encounters where trans patients feel marginalised, misunderstood, and/or discriminated against.
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Shen, Shuang. Where the “Trans-Pacific” Meets Chinese Literature. Redaktorzy Carlos Rojas i Andrea Bachner. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199383313.013.23.

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This chapter proposes an understanding of trans-Pacific Chinese literature not as yet another uncritical expansion of the territory of Chinese literature, but as an examination of the relationship between Chinese-language literature and the trans-Pacific world(s) it makes, as well as that between the literature and the real worlds of the Pacific societies it touches. Whereas “Asia Pacific” as a regional concept is inseparable from Euro-American expansions in the region, trans-Pacific Chinese literature does not necessarily reproduce this dominant regional thinking. Through reading narratives of the Cold War written in different locations of the Asia Pacific, this chapter shows that thinking comparatively about Chinese literature from disparate locations of the Asia Pacific can engender alternative regional imagination.
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Mark, Feldman. Multinational Enterprises and Investment Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-iic/9780198809722.016.0005.

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Over the past few decades, a few thousand international investment agreements have been concluded. One cornerstone of those treaties has been a straightforward model of foreign investment: an investor based in a home state that has made an investment located in the territory of a host state. Under that model, treaty protections operate reciprocally, protecting the investments of each treaty party’s nationals made in the territory of another treaty party. That model, however, often does not capture current economic reality. Foreign investments by multinational enterprises routinely involve multiple jurisdictions in which inputs are traded and through which capital is channeled. The reliance by multinational enterprises on international production networks and transit investment has challenged the reciprocal foundation of investment treaties. This chapter responds to that risk by developing strategies for policymakers and decision makers to preserve the reciprocal foundation of investment treaties in a twenty-first-century global economy.
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Stephenson, Barry. 3. Ritual and society. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199943524.003.0004.

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What does ritual do? Sociological and anthropological theory of the first half of the twentieth century proposes that ritual—secular or sacred—binds groups together, ensuring their harmonious functioning by generating and maintaining orders of meaning, purpose, and value. ‘Ritual and society’ discusses the theories of Emile Durkheim, Roy Rappaport, and Clifford Geetz and their ideas on ritual producing solidarity and effervescence and ritual's role in politics, power, and negotiation. In the 1970s, a sea change in ritual studies followed the work of Victor Turner and others who highlighted ritual's critical and creative potential. Public ritual is complex: rites can conserve, transmit, and protect tradition, but others are creatively, critically, strategically employed to enact change.
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Mavhunga, Clapperton Chakanetsa. The Mobile Workshop. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262535021.001.0001.

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The tsetse fly is a pan-African insect that bites an infective forest animal and ingests blood filled with invisible parasites, which it carries and transmits into cattle and people as it bites them, leading to n'gana (animal trypanosomiasis) and sleeping sickness. This book examines how the presence of the tsetse fly turned the forests of Zimbabwe and southern Africa into an open laboratory where African knowledge formed the basis of colonial tsetse control policies. The book traces the pestiferous work that an indefatigable, mobile insect does through its movements, and the work done by humans to control it. The book restores the central role not just of African labor but of African intellect in the production of knowledge about the tsetse fly. It describes how European colonizers built on and beyond this knowledge toward destructive and toxic methods, including cutting down entire forests, forced “prophylactic” resettlement, massive destruction of wild animals, and extensive spraying of organochlorine pesticides. Throughout, the book uses African terms to describe the African experience, taking vernacular concepts as starting points in writing a narrative of ruzivo (knowledge) rather than viewing Africa through foreign keywords.
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Lavidas, Nikolaos. Case in diachrony: Or, why Greek is not English. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.003.0009.

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Greek demonstrates both a change from inner (Aktionsart) into outer (grammatical) aspect as well as a change from demonstratives into definite articles, as does English. Even though aspect and definiteness are connected with Case, we argue that the tendencies in Greek with regard to the Case system differ in several aspects from the development of the Case system in English. We consider changes in the Case system of Greek in relation to syntactic properties of the clause, and in particular the realization of +/-interpretable features in inner and outer aspect. We argue that the change that takes place in the history of Greek involves a transitional stage in Ancient Greek where the relevant features can appear on the Trans[itivity] head (outer aspect) or the (inner) Asp[ect] head. The completion of the change in Post-Koine Greek involves the loss of the interpretable feature on Asp; thus Case remains (uninterpretable) on the higher Trans head.
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Hernández, Natalio. El vuelo del colibrí / Patlani huitzitzilin. Universidad Veracruzana, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/uv.1337.1231.

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El vuelo del colibrí de Natalio Hernández pretende develar (y revelar) la raíz de una comunidad, de una familia de hablantes nahuas, de su particular linaje. El autor se viste con su atuendo de xochipixke y canta con su pluma de tinta negra y roja un bello y nostálgico poema dedicado a su padre. Piltata es el nombre del padre al que la da voz para que narre, a través del poema, su propia historia, pero esta historia es de los dos, padre e hijo. Es el padre que no ya materia, sino espíritu convertido en colibrí a punto de iniciar el vuelo hacia la región donde transita el sol. El vuelo del colibrí, a través de esta edición bilingüe, recupera la milenaria visión de la cultura náhuatl, y rescata la palabra primera que se gesta en todos los idiomas desde que nuestra especie se estableció, culturalmente, en el espacio mítico y en el tiempo.
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Części książek na temat "Transit dose"

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Walker, Jarrett. "What Transit Is and Does". W Human Transit, 13–21. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-174-0_1.

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Spieler, Christof. "What Transit Does Well". W Trains, Buses, People, 6–7. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-904-3_2.

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Liénard, D., F. Lejeune i P. Ewalenko. "High dose of rTNFα with interferon-g and melphalan in isolation perfusion (ILP) for in transit melanoma metastases and recurrent soft tissue sarcoma". W Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy, 259–61. Paris: Springer Paris, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0782-9_63.

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Zhang, Zhicheng, Lequan Yu, Xiaokun Liang, Wei Zhao i Lei Xing. "TransCT: Dual-Path Transformer for Low Dose Computed Tomography". W Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2021, 55–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87231-1_6.

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Gumata, Nombulelo, i Eliphas Ndou. "Does Government Spending Transmit Inflation to GDP Growth?" W Labour Market and Fiscal Policy Adjustments to Shocks, 461–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66520-7_32.

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Moss, Gary P., Darren R. Gullick i Simon C. Wilkinson. "Finite-Dose Models of Transient Exposures and Volatile Formulation Components". W Predictive Methods in Percutaneous Absorption, 141–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47371-9_8.

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Nakamura, Hisashi, Takafumi Miyasaka, Yu Kosaka, Koutarou Takaya i Meiji Honda. "Northern hemisphere extratropical tropospheric planetary waves and their low-frequency variability: Their vertical structure and interaction with transient eddies and surface thermal contrasts". W Climate Dynamics: Why Does Climate Vary?, 149–79. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008gm000789.

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Lemdiasov, Rosti, Arun Venkatasubramanian i Ranga Jegadeesan. "Estimating Electric Field and SAR in Tissue in the Proximity of RF Coils". W Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020, 293–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_18.

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AbstractMedical implants that require recharging typically use magnetic resonant coupling of transmit (external) and receive (internal) RF coils. Apart from magnetic field, the transmit coil creates a time-varying electric field that excites currents not only in the receive coil but also in the surrounding tissues. Radio frequency (RF) exposure assessment for inductive systems used in wireless powering and telemetry is done using electric field, specific absorption rate (SAR), and induced current as metrics. Full-wave analysis using RF simulation tools such as Ansys HFSS is generally used to estimate these metrics, and the results are widely accepted. However, such simulation-based analysis is quite rigorous and time-consuming, let alone the complexities with setting up the simulation.In this paper, we present a simple approach to estimating exposure (electric field, SAR, induced current) from fundamental electromagnetic principles enabling ability to arrive at results quickly. It significantly reduces the computational time in iterative approaches where multiple simulation runs are needed.
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Walrand, Jean. "Digital Link—A". W Probability in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 115–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49995-2_7.

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AbstractIn a digital link, a transmitter converts bits into signals and a receiver converts the signals it receives into bits. The receiver faces a decision problem that we study in Sect. 7.1. The main tool is Bayes’ Rule. The key notions are maximum a posteriori and maximum likelihood estimates. Transmission systems use codes to reduce the number of bits they need to transmit. Section 7.2 explains the Huffman codes that minimize the expected number of bits needed to transmit symbols; the idea is to use fewer bits for more likely symbols. Section 7.3 explores a commonly used model of a communication channel: the binary symmetric channel. It explains how to calculate the probability of errors. Section 7.4 studies a more complex modulation scheme employed by most smartphones and computers: QAM. Section 7.5 is devoted to a central problem in decision making: how to infer which situation is in force from observations. Does a test reveal the presence of a disease; how to balance the probability of false positive and that of false negative? The main result of that section is the Neyman–Pearson Theorem that the section illustrates with many examples.
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Gumata, Nombulelo, i Eliphas Ndou. "Does the Cost of Government Borrowing Transmit Sovereign Debt Credit Ratings Downgrades Shocks to Credit Growth?" W Capital Flows, Credit Markets and Growth in South Africa, 301–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30888-9_19.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Transit dose"

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Waqar, A., R. Davis, J. Michel i R. Dunn. "Right Heart Thrombus in Transit Successfully Treated with Half Dose Thrombolytics". W American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a6773.

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Dayton, Matthew S., Arthur C. Carpenter, Mai Beach, Travis Ruiz i Perry Bell. "Capacitor transient effects in a high-dose-rate environment". W Radiation Detectors in Medicine, Industry, and National Security XIX, redaktorzy Gary P. Grim, H. Bradford Barber, Lars R. Furenlid i Jeffrey A. Koch. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2322402.

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Baydjanov, M., M. Ashurov, I. Nuritdinov, K. Saidakhmedov i T. Shikama. "Dose and Dose Rate Dependency of Radiationinduced Transient Absorption in Pure Silica Optical Fibers Under Gamma Irradiation". W 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2017.8532601.

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Zhi, Liu, Zhang Qiang, Jiang Hongyu i Ge Mei. "Design of a Transient Ionizing Dose-rate Radiation Hardened LDO". W 2018 International Conference on Radiation Effects of Electronic Devices (ICREED). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icreed.2018.8905065.

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BARSONY, Istvan, Jean-Luc HEIDEMAN i Jan MIDDELHOEK. "Transient RTA of Low-Dose High Energy Phosphorus Implanted Silicon". W 1990 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.1990.c-10-8.

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Choo, Y. K., i C. H. Wu. "Transient Pressure Behavior of Multiple-Fractured Gas Wells". W SPE/DOE Joint Symposium on Low Permeability Reservoirs. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16398-ms.

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Liu, Lihong. "How does rail transit promote the sustainable development of Beijing metropolitan area?" W 2016 International Conference on Industrial Economics System and Industrial Security Engineering (IEIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieis.2016.7551863.

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Apaydin, O. G., i A. R. Kovscek. "Transient Foam Flow in Homogeneous Porous Media: Surfactant Concentration and Capillary End Effects". W SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/59286-ms.

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Sullivan, R. B., W. J. Lee i S. A. Holditch. "Pressure Transient Response in Multilayer Gas Reservoirs Containing Hydraulic Fractures". W SPE/DOE Joint Symposium on Low Permeability Reservoirs. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16399-ms.

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Hu, Yu-Kan, Sanjay Mahajan i Kevin Zhang. "Brake Squeal DOE Using Nonlinear Transient Analysis". W Noise & Vibration Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-1737.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Transit dose"

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Eudy, L., i K. Chandler. Early Results from DOE/NREL Transit Bus Evaluations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016821.

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Beck, Micah, i Terry Moore. Final Project Report: DOE Award FG02-04ER25606 Overlay Transit Networking for Scalable, High Performance Data Communication across Heterogeneous Infrastructure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/929198.

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Plueddemann, Albert, Benjamin Pietro i Emerson Hasbrouck. The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS): NTAS-19 Mooring Turnaround Cruise Report Cruise On Board RV Ronald H. Brown October 14 - November 1, 2020. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27012.

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The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) was established to address the need for accurate air-sea flux estimates and upper ocean measurements in a region with strong sea surface temperature anomalies and the likelihood of significant local air–sea interaction on interannual to decadal timescales. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 15°N, 51°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. This report documents recovery of the NTAS-18 mooring and deployment of the NTAS-19 mooring at the same site. Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element. These buoys were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 160 m of the mooring line were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, salinity and velocity. Deep ocean temperature and salinity are measured at approximately 38 m above the bottom. The mooring turnaround was done on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ship Ronald H. Brown, Cruise RB-20-06, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 14 October and 1 November 2020. The NTAS-19 mooring was deployed on 22 October, with an anchor position of about 14° 49.48° N, 51° 00.96° W in 4985 m of water. A 31-hour intercomparison period followed, during which satellite telemetry data from the NTAS-19 buoy and the ship’s meteorological sensors were monitored. The NTAS-18 buoy, which had gone adrift on 28 April 2020, was recovered on 20 October near 13° 41.96° N, 58° 38.67° W. This report describes these operations, as well as other work done on the cruise and some of the pre-cruise buoy preparations.
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Ralentización de la recuperación del empleo y el mercado laboral de jóvenes. Banco de la República, sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rml.19.

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En los primeros meses de 2021 la recuperación que venía registrando el empleo total desde mediados de 2020 se detuvo. Buena parte de este fenómeno habría estado relacionado con las olas de contagio de Covid-19, que involucraron tanto respuestas de autocuidado por parte de los individuos como la implementación de medidas de restricción a la movilidad en varias ciudades para mitigar el contagio. Ambas circunstancias produjeron fuertes caídas mensuales del empleo en enero y en abril. En mayo la prolongación de la tercera ola de contagios y la situación de orden público por la que atravesó el país volvieron a limitar la recuperación del número de ocupados. En medio de este panorama, un hecho favorable lo registró el empleo asalariado y formal que, a diferencia de su contraparte no asalariada e informal, presentó crecimientos sutiles. La expansión en este segmento, que suele ser menos rápida por los mayores costos de contratación, se observa no solo en la encuesta de hogares sino también en los registros administrativos, y está favorecida por un mayor número de vacantes disponibles y tasas de separación en niveles muy bajos. Por ramas de actividad el comportamiento del empleo ha sido heterogéneo, y en la mayoría de los sectores se registran recuperaciones del empleo más lentas que las de la actividad económica, lo que ha implicado, al menos en términos contables, aumentos de la productividad laboral. Por otro lado, la salida de la inactividad se detuvo, por lo que la participación laboral se mantuvo relativamente estable en los últimos meses. Así las cosas, la incipiente recuperación del empleo y la estabilidad de la oferta laboral conllevaron a que las tasas de desempleo (TD) de mayo se ubicaran en niveles similares a lo observado en lo corrido de 2021: 15,2% y 16,5% en el total nacional y las trece ciudades, respectivamente. Al descomponer dichas tasas por grupos poblacionales se observan aún importantes disparidades, en particular en las mujeres y los jóvenes. Además, se registran tendencias ascendentes en el número de desempleados que permanecen varios meses en el desempleo y de los inactivos que transitan al desempleo. Finalmente, por el lado de los ingresos, los del segmento no asalariado urbano, los más golpeados durante la pandemia, se han seguido recuperando, y sus horas trabajadas ya casi se encuentran en los niveles previos a la pandemia. Dado lo anterior, en este reporte se estima que la TD empezará a mostrar reducciones en lo que queda de 2021, aunque moderadas. Se espera que la TD nacional se ubique en promedio en 2021 entre el 13,7% y 15%, con 14,4% como valor central, en cuyo caso cerraría el año alrededor del 13,8%. Las estimaciones de la TD de largo plazo consistente con una inflación estable (Nairu) sugieren una brecha de la TD positiva de alrededor de 2,3 puntos porcentuales (pp) para 2021, por lo que la holgura del mercado laboral continuaría, presionando a la baja la inflación vía costos salariales. Como es usual, este reporte se divide en dos secciones. En la primera se examinan en detalle los principales hechos coyunturales del mercado laboral. En la segunda se estudia la evolución reciente del mercado laboral de los jóvenes, los cuales han sido protagonistas de las manifestaciones registradas en el país durante mayo, y se analizan los efectos que han tenido programas para dinamizar la creación de empleo juvenil implementados en el pasado. En particular, se estiman los efectos de la Ley del Primer Empleo de 2010 y se recopilan los resultados encontrados en la literatura sobre el programa Jóvenes en Acción. Se encuentra que ambas políticas son complementarias y efectivas en reducir el desempleo juvenil, pero conllevan costos fiscales, los cuales requieren estrategias de financiación sostenibles. Adicionalmente, a partir de la estimación realizada, se efectúa una cuantificación aproximada de los efectos de eliminar los impuestos de nómina para los jóvenes. Este ejercicio proporciona un punto de referencia para diagnosticar los posibles efectos que el Decreto 668 de 2021, promulgado recientemente por el Gobierno, y consistente en un subsidio temporal a la nómina de nuevos empleados jóvenes, tendría sobre el desempleo juvenil.
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