Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Trade unions”
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Lee, Bill, i Catherine Cassell. "Learning to count: a challenge facing trade unions in their educational role". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 31, nr 5/6 (21.06.2011): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443331111141273.
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PurposeThe purposes of this paper are to explain how the need arose for trade unions to develop accounting systems to monitor learning outcomes and to illuminate how trade unions rose to that challenge.Design/methodology/approachA semi‐structured interview study of the full‐time educational officers of a number of the UK trade unions produced transcripts that were analysed using template analysis and were supplemented by collection of documentary evidence from the trade unions and interviews and documents from related organizations.FindingsTrade unions are starting to compile extensive information about the learning opportunities that they are facilitating.Practical implicationsInformation produced by the trade union's accounting systems highlights the value of the government's investment in the union learning fund (ULF).Originality/valueThis is the only study to address the systems of monitoring developed by trade unions in response to the receipt of funds from the ULF in the UK.
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Panov, A. I. "THE MONOGRAPH ABOUT TRANSPORT TRADE UNIONS". World of Transport and Transportation 15, nr 1 (28.02.2017): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-1-27.
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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].REVIEW OF THE BOOK: Zubkov, S. A., Krainov, G.N. Transport unions as part of the international trade union movement. Monograph. Moscow, INFRA-M publ., 2017, 297 p. ABSTRACT The book, published in the series «Scientific Thought», is devoted to the study of transport unions as components of the international trade union movement. The authors draw attention to the history, current state and problems of the international trade union movement, t h e processes of globalization, cooperation and coordination of the actions of international transport unions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the trade union movement in rail transport, the participation of the Russian trade union of railway workers and transport builders in the international trade union movement. Keywords: trade union, transport unions, international trade union movement, International Confederation of Trade Unions (ITUC), World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), International Workers’ Association (IWA), Global Federation of Trade Unions (GUF), International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITWF), International Committee of Transport Workers’ Propaganda (ICTWP), Profintern, International Confederation of Trade Unions of Railway Workers and Transport Builders (ICRW), Russian Union of Railway Workers and Transport Builders (ROSPROFZHEL).
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Lang, Karen, i Mona-Josée Gagnon. "Brazilian Trade Unions". Articles 64, nr 2 (9.09.2009): 250–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037920ar.
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Many analysts of Brazilian industrial relations share a determinist vision of the country’s trade unionism, according to which the unions maintain a paradoxical yet atavistic relationship with the heavy body of laws that provide them with advantages while limiting their freedom. We tested this vision by conducting field enquiries into the daily activities of two Brazilian unions: the ABC Metalworkers Union and the Seamstress Union for the Sao Paulo and Osasco Region. In this article, we present the results of our case studies and what they reveal about Brazilian trade unionism’s relationship with the labour legislation. We also briefly discuss former trade union leader and current President Lula’s recent attempts to reform the country’s labour relations system.
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Bezvin, O. S. "TRADE UNIONS AS AN INTEGRAL ELEMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE". Legal horizons, nr 19 (2019): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i19.p13.
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The article deals with the trade unions as a grant to protect the rights and interests of civil servants, reveals the main tasks of trade unions. The activity of trade union organizations in the structure of the state body in Ukraine is analyzed. The legal mechanisms of asserting the violated rights of a civil servant by a trade union organization of a public body and the role of trade unions in protecting the rights of civil servants in developed countries are emphasized. The state at certain times gave the trade unions great powers to protect the rights and interests of workers, and then deprived the trade unions of these powers. In connection with this, various problems arose in regulating the activities of trade unions in the protection of individual and collective rights and interests in the protection of public servants. All this affected the legal status of trade unions. However, it should be noted that trade unions are in constant flux and this leads to improvements in the regulations governing their activities. However, it should be noted that today there are many problems in Ukraine regarding the exercise by the trade union organizations of their powers in the civil service. In particular, the legal status of trade unions in the civil service is not regulated enough, which, in turn, does not allow them to fully protect the legal rights and interests of civil servants. Considering the importance of trade unions in protecting labor rights and the socio-economic interests of workers, in developing democratic forms of citizen participation in managing economic and political processes, a democratic, legal, and social state, which is Ukraine, should support trade unions and take care of legislative consolidation. their authority. Trade unions at all levels should once again return to the consideration of their core functions and pay attention to those that will now be more conducive to the achievement of the main objective of the creation and activity of trade unions – the protection of social-labor rights and interests of trade union members. Today’s Ukraine needs strong unions. A strong union is a union that effectively protects the interests of its members, enjoys their trust and support, is able to organize, if necessary, collective action to protect the socio-economic rights and interests of employees, has sufficient organizational, financial, and human resources to fulfill its statutory tasks. Keywords: trade union organization, protection, rights, the role of trade unions, legal mechanisms.
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Haughton, Lesley. "Supporting learners through trade unions". Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling 20, nr 1 (1.06.2008): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20856/jnicec.2005.
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This article examines the role of voluntary trade union activists in delivering information advice and guidance aboutlearning, work and careers to members of their unions. The context for this work is the learning and skills system in England, not for the United Kingdom as a whole. It presents a case study of the way in which we in unionlearn, the learning and skills organisation established by the Trades Union Congress (TUC), have developed a model and strategy for supporting learners in unions. Unions in other European Union (EU) countries may wish to consider how this model could be contextualised in their own industrial relations systems when developing the role of their union representatives and officers in learning and skills.
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Toshpulatovich, Avezov Umidjon. "THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TRADE UNIONS AS AN INSTITUTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN UZBEKISTAN". American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 03, nr 01 (1.01.2022): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume04issue01-04.
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This article analyzes the concept of a trade union and its legal nature, the role and importance of trade unions as an institution of civil society in Uzbekistan, the functions and basic principles of trade union activity, the organizational and legal foundations of trade unions. The article also provides a constitutional and legal analysis of the concept of a trade union and its legal nature, an analysis of the functions and basic principles of trade union activity, a study of the stages of development of the legislative system of trade unions in Uzbekistan, organizational and legal issues of trade union activity, a study, an analysis of the legal nature of documents adopted by trade unions, comparatively - legal analysis of foreign experience in organizing trade union activities, determining priority areas for improving trade union activities, developing proposals and recommendations for improving the legislation governing this activity, and other issues were also analyzed
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Fosh, Patricia. "Trade Unions". Work, Employment & Society 9, nr 1 (1.03.1995): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017095009001013.
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Fosh, Patricia. "Trade Unions". Work, Employment and Society 9, nr 1 (marzec 1995): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095001709591012.
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Gumbrell-McCormick, Rebecca, i Richard Hyman. "Democracy in trade unions, democracy through trade unions?" Economic and Industrial Democracy 40, nr 1 (24.08.2018): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x18780327.
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Since the Webbs published Industrial Democracy at the end of the nineteenth century, the principle that workers have a legitimate voice in decision-making in the world of work – in some versions through trade unions, in others at least formally through separate representative structures – has become widely accepted in most West European countries. There is now a vast literature on the strengths and weaknesses of such mechanisms, and we review briefly some of the key interpretations of the rise (and fall) of policies and structures for workplace and board-level representation. We also discuss the mainly failed attempts to establish broader processes of economic democracy, which the eclipse of nationally specific mechanisms of class compromise makes again a salient demand. Economic globalization also highlights the need for transnational mechanisms to achieve worker voice (or more radically, control) in the dynamics of capital–labour relations. We therefore examine the role of trade unions in coordinating pressure for a countervailing force at European and global levels, and in the construction of (emergent?) supranational industrial relations. However, many would argue that unions cannot win legitimacy as a democratizing force unless manifestly democratic internally. Therefore we revisit debates on and dilemmas of democracy within trade unions, and examine recent initiatives to enhance democratization.
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Lukyanchuk, Petro. "TRADE UNION CONTROL IN THE CONTEXT OF TRADE UNION RELATIONS WITH PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ENTITIES IN UKRAINE". PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND LAW REVIEW, nr 3 (1.10.2020): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36690/2674-5216-2020-3-41.
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At the present stage of development of the trade union movement in Ukraine, the issues of determining the place and role of trade unions in the system of public administration as a subject of public administration and the institution of civil society are relevant. The lack of legal recognition of social partnership, and its replacement by social dialogue has led to a decrease in the influence of trade unions on social protection and the lack of trade union control. The latter has been replaced by public control exercised in Ukraine by various public associations. The aim of the article: As a result, trade unions began to participate as advisory bodies rather than as defenders of workers' labor rights. Accordingly, the relations with the subjects of public administration have changed. The aims of the article: to demonstrate that not only in the Ukrainian practice of public administration, but also in the science of public administration, no attention is paid to the problem of trade union control and the relationship between trade unions and public administration entities. Object of research: trade unions as a subject of public administration. Research methodology: a review of Ukrainian literature sources on trade union control and its impact on the relationship of public administration. The results obtained: in the Ukrainian science of public administration there are no publications on trade union activities and trade union control; the mechanisms for building relationships between trade unions and public administration entities are not defined; there is a constant perception that trade unions are public associations and their main role is to conduct a dialogue between employers, authorities and employees; there is no clear conceptual view of the trade union control process, which causes many legal conflicts. Practical significance: scientific substantiation of the use of the concept of "trade union control" in legal practice and in the activities of public administration, its clear definition makes it possible to influence the rights of workers and influence the development of social policy by public administration.
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AHAOTU GODWIN NDUBUISI i OGUNODE NIYI JACOB. "TRADE UNIONISM AND ACADEMIC STAFF UNION OF UNIVERSITIES CONTRIBUTIONS ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA". International Journal on Integrated Education 3, nr 12 (8.12.2020): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i12.948.
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Trade unions and trade unionism in Nigeria are the legacy of colonialism in Nigeria. It was during the era of colonialism that unionism began. In view of the above, this paper will examine the historical overview of trade unions in Nigeria, the concept of trade union, rationale for union formation by Workers, identification of the various kinds of trade unions in public universities in Nigeria, contributions of Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) in the administration of public universities in Nigeria, Conclusion and recommendations.
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Ahaotu Godwin Ndubuisi i Ogunode Niyi Jacob. "Trade unionism and academic staff union of universities contributions on the administration of public universities in Nigeria". International Journal on Integrated Education 3, nr 12 (9.12.2020): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i12.953.
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Trade unions and trade unionism in Nigeria are the legacy of colonialism in Nigeria. It was during the era of colonialism that unionism began. In view of the above, this paper will examine the historical overview of trade unions in Nigeria, the concept of trade union, rationale for union formation by Workers, identification of the various kinds of trade unions in public universities in Nigeria, contributions of Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) in the administration of public universities in Nigeria, Conclusion and recommendations.
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Hagen, Inger Marie, i Ragnhild Steen Jensen. "Trade union representatives from ethnic minorities. Representation revisited". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 25, nr 4 (22.10.2018): 437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258918800214.
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The Nordic countries have experienced major labour immigration since the EU enlargement round in 2004. Recruiting workers from ethnic minorities is a major challenge for all Nordic trade unions. Less attention has been directed towards the need also to integrate these members inside the unions, for example, by having them serve as trade union representatives at different levels in companies, as well as in the unions. A glance at the top positions in the Swedish, Danish and Norwegian trade unions reveals an almost all-white picture. There is considerable imbalance between the number of ethnic minority trade union members and the number of ethnic minority representatives. This article argues that looking into the concept of representation, and especially the features attributed to trade union representatives and how these features are perceived, enables us to investigate the mismatch between trade union density and trade union representatives among employees from different ethnic minorities.
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Martens, Deborah, Annelien Gansemans, Jan Orbie i Marijke D'Haese. "Trade Unions in Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives: What Shapes Their Participation?" Sustainability 10, nr 11 (20.11.2018): 4295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114295.
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There is a growing concern about the extent to which multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs), designed to improve social and environmental sustainability in global supply chains, give a meaningful voice to less powerful stakeholders. Trade unions are one particular civil society group whose participation in MSIs has received little scholarly attention so far. The objective of this paper is to examine the determinants that enable and constrain trade union participation in MSIs. Based on interviews, focus groups, observations and document analysis we determine local trade union participation in three MSIs, operating at company, national and transnational level respectively, in the Costa Rican pineapple industry. To explain the limited encountered trade union participation, an analytical framework is developed combining structural and agency dimensions, namely the MSI design and trade union’s power resources. The findings show shortcomings in the representativeness, procedural fairness and consensual orientation in the design and implementation of the MSIs. These are, however, not sufficient to explain weak trade union participation as trade union power resources also have an influence. Strong network embeddedness and improved infrastructural resources had a positive effect, whereas the lack of internal solidarity and unfavourable narrative resources constrained the unions’ participation.
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Ma, Xiaoyi. "Challenges of Establishing Trade Unions in Chinese Private Enterprises". Advances in Social Science and Culture 6, nr 1 (20.12.2023): p39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/assc.v6n1p39.
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Trade unions serve as a bridge and bond between the Communist Party of China and the working masses, and the construction of grassroots trade unions is crucial for the welfare of workers and social stability. In a survey conducted in Beijing, it was found that an increase in the number of private enterprises does not necessarily lead to a corresponding increase in the number of trade unions within these enterprises. Similarly, an increase in the total number of employees in private enterprises does not guarantee an increase in the total membership of trade unions in these enterprises. The difficulty in establishing trade union organizations is influenced by multiple factors: enterprises need to control costs under the “uncertainty” of risks, employees lack understanding of trade unions, and the trade unions themselves lack professionalism and effective measures to participate in social governance. In the future, the issue of the difficulty in establishing trade unions should be addressed by developing social work in trade unions, effectively utilizing media platforms of trade unions, and further improving laws and regulations.
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Kobroń-Gąsiorowska, Łucja. "Whistleblower Rights and Protection in The Workplace: the Role of Trade Unions in Poland Selected Issues". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica 95 (30.03.2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.95.10.
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The article discusses selected problems related to trade unions’ functions and their future role in the protection of whistleblowers. The author analyzes the current provisions of the Act on Trade Unions concerning the functioning of trade unions in protecting whistleblowers in the workplace, reporting irregularities (illegal, unethical or otherwise inappropriate activities) and the use of collective bargaining power of trade unions. Workers’ representatives have an express right to assist whistleblowers as defined by national law. The author states that the functions of trade unions under trade union law in Poland in reporting irregularities are often perceived as signaling and, consequently, limited.
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Jit, Ravinder. "Challenges of Trade Union Movement in India". Global Journal of Enterprise Information System 8, nr 2 (28.02.2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2016/7656.
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The trade union movement in India is facing many challenges. The finances of the unions are generally in a bad shape. Multiplicity of unions and inter-union rivalry makes it difficult to take a constructive approach to problems and issues. Heterogeneity of membership renders the unions unstable, weak, fragmented, uncoordinated and amorphous. Besides this, majority of unions are managed by professional politicians and lawyers who have no experience of physical work and no commitment to the organization. These outside leaders may give precedence to their personal interests and prejudices than welfare of the workers. Development of internal leadership is also not encouraged by unscrupulous politicians in the garb of union leaders. Keeping in mind all these challenges various scholars and practitioners have suggested certain measures to strengthen trade union movement in India. Developing internal leadership, presenting a united labor front for bargaining, ensuring financial stability of unions, having paid full time union office bearers, extending the boundaries of trade unions to unorganized sector and ensuring strong central legislation for recognition of representative union are some of the measures that can change the face of trade unionism in India.
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Voxted, Søren, i Jens Lind. "Too Few Indians and Too Many Chiefs. Is This One Reason for Declining Trade Union Membership in Denmark?" Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 2, nr 2 (1.06.2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v2i2.2356.
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The decline in trade union membership in many countries since the 1970s and the consequent weakening of the trade unions is due to a number of reasons, including occupational changes, welfare state and social regulation, liberalism and individualization, and in Denmark (and Sweden and Finland) changes in unemployment insurance legislation and the institutional settings of the unemployment insurance system. All these factors are well known and have been analyzed in the literature. This article sums up all these facts and reasons for trade union decline in Denmark, but the main analysis focuses on a supplementary reason for membership decline among LO (the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions)-affiliated unions: many trade union members leave their unions to become members of unions that organize managers. When workers become managers, some prefer to join an organization expert in servicing managerial staff, while others leave their trade unions because they define themselves as managers without being formally appointed as such and without having formal managerial responsibilities. Reasons for this behavior will be discussed in the article.
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Dzienisiuk, Dorota. "REMARKS ON TRADE UNIONS’ ENTITLEMENTS IN THE FIELD OF COUNTERACTING BULLYING (MOBBING) AT WORK". Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny II, nr XXI (30.12.2021): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6445.
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In Poland the obligation to counteract bullying (mobbing) is imposed on employers by Article 943 of the Labour Code. The method of fulfilling this obligation is not indicated. The regulation is limited to precising the employer’s liability. Also the Act on Trade Unions does not deal with the trade unions’ competences in the field of bullying (mobbing). Yet, it proclaims the protection of dignity and moral interests of persons performing work, both individual and collective ones, as one of the tasks of trade unions. Thus, it is sometimes suggested that trade union’s representatives should take active part in activities and possible bodies aiming to counteract bullying (mobbing). However, admitting a trade union’s representative to employer’s activities aiming to counteract bullying might lead to infringement of the negative freedom of trade unions, personal rights and data of those people involved who are not trade union’s members.
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Baksheev, A. I. "RELATIONS BETWEEN STATE BODIES AND TRADE UNIONS OF SIBERIA (1918—1929)". Federalism, nr 3 (16.09.2019): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2019-3-88-97.
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The problems of the trade union movement are multidimensional and each state has its own characteristics related to the cultural and historical past of nations, traditions, ethnic composition of the population, level of economic development of the state, its territorial communities, etc. Along with the specific features of trade union organizations, theory and practice defined relatively well-established principles of forming trade unions and their tasks, which can be used in the further development of the state, including in today’s Russia. In this regard, the development of relations between trade unions and state structures of Siberia in the 1920s is of great importance. Twentieth century. It was at this time that new areas of work of trade union bodies associated with the development of the Soviet state system are growing and gaining strength. This includes the nomination by the trade unions of candidates for leadership, above all economic, positions and uncritical support by the trade unions of any proposals from managers of enterprises and the abandonment of the struggle for workers’ rights in state enterprises, etc. Thus, Russia began the process of merging trade union organizations with the Soviet state. The reluctance of the trade unions to draw a clear distinction between their duties and the role of the appendages of economic bodies in production had a painful effect on relations with the workers. Such a position of the trade unions separated them from the real needs and demands of the workers, caused frustration and apathy of the population towards the trade union movement.
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Leenhardt, Hervé. "Le renouveau du syndicalisme noir". Politique africaine 25, nr 1 (1987): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/polaf.1987.3849.
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The renewal of the black unions. In an effort to avoid unorganized labour conflicts and to stand aloof from the apartheid system, South African big business managed to persuade the Government of the need for legal non-White trade unions. In 1979, Black and multiracial trade unions were granted full trade union rights. Since then, they have been highly successful in attracting an ever increasing number of workers, in improving their structures and in unifying the unions into huge confederations. Nowadays, they stand as one of the main pressure groups in the country. They play a significant role not only in the field of labour relations, but also in the present political controversy. However, this tremendous potential strength is jeopardized by political divisions. The three main Black political organizations (ANC/UDF, AZAPO, Inkatha) have generated their own politically inspired trade union system, thus weakening die trade unions global bargaining power. Nevertheless, Black trade unions are definitely the symbol of an emerging Black economic power.
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Siebert, Sabina. "Are trade unions learning?" Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning 1, nr 2 (4.10.2011): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20423891111128863.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider whether a university‐based conception of learning in the workplace might bridge the differences that separate the critics and advocates of workplace learning promoted by trade unions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the role of work‐based learning in trade unions.FindingsFor trade unions the meaning of workplace learning is a contested area. Critics associate it with a corporate oriented policy of upskilling the workforce, premised on a simplified, firm‐specific notion of the human capital theory. In contrast, advocates of workplace learning promoted by trade unions consider it an opportunity to develop the basic and higher level skills of members while revitalising the movement. This paper proposes a way forward for union involvement in work‐based learning that tackles the concerns of radical trade unionists and fulfils the hopes of advocates, namely to work in collaboration with universities.Originality/valueThe literature on the role of trade unions in promoting workplace learning focuses on the tension between critics who challenge a unitarist and consensual view of learning, and advocates who believe that learning partnerships between employers and trade unions facilitate more conciliatory employment relations and create a positive learning environment for the members. This paper assumes a different perspective by proposing a way forward for union involvement in workplace learning, namely to work in collaboration with universities.
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Melnyk, Kostiantyn. "Current State and Trends in the Legal Regulation of Trade Unions in Ukraine". Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 27, nr 2 (27.06.2020): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.27(2).2020.107-118.
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The paper investigates the relevant issues in both the science of labour law and the rule-making activities on the current state and trends in the legal regulation of trade unions in Ukraine. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the importance of social dialogue both in world of work and in other spheres of life of Ukrainian society for the sustainable development of the national economy and the state in modern conditions. The purpose of the paper is to provide scientifically sound conclusions and proposals for improving the legal regulation of trade unions in Ukraine. The study applied general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge (dialectical, Aristotelian, comparative legal, system analysis) to inspect the legal status of trade unions; the provisions of the current national labour legislation and the legislation in the field of trade union rights were compared with the provisions of the draft Labour Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Labour", etc., which stipulate the rights of trade unions. The study concludes on necessity of the following: 1)to preserve to the full the provisions aimed at ensuring the proper operation of trade unions as representatives and defenders of labour rights of their members in relations with employers and maintenance of high authority and status of trade unions in enterprises, institutions, organisations in current and future national labour legislation and legislation on trade unions; 2) to introduce new forms and methods of activity of trade unions in Ukraine, as well as to coordinate their activities and association with trade unions operating at the supranational level; 3) to make maximum effort to ensure equality of rights of all trade unions in Ukraine and the possibility of exercising the rights, powers, and guarantees of activities stipulated by national labour legislation and legislation in the field of trade union rights
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Bishara, Dina. "Legacy Trade Unions as Brokers of Democratization? Lessons from Tunisia". Comparative Politics 52, nr 2 (1.01.2020): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5129/001041520x15657305839654.
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The Tunisian General Labor Union (UGTT) emerged as a major player in the country's transition from authoritarianism. Existing explanations - focusing on authoritarian legacies, the degree of trade union autonomy from the state, and labor's material incentives to support democratization - do not sufficiently account for the high-profile nature of the union's political role in Tunisia's transition. Instead, as this article argues, the importance of unions' pre-authoritarian legacy is key to understanding the role of unions in the transition from authoritarian rule. If unions enter the regime formation stage with a history of political struggle and with strong organizational capacities, they are more likely to develop a degree of internal autonomy that makes it difficult for authoritarian incumbents to disempower them. The article employs a historical institutional approach and draws on fieldwork and interviews with labor activists in Tunisia.
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Dai, Luote, i Shengyu Gu. "Barriers to Trade Union Participation among Rural Migrant Workers in China: An Analysis of Labor Disputes, Employment Characteristics, and Socio-Demographic Factors". South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 21, nr 8 (24.07.2024): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i8863.
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This study aims to understand the potential for migrant workers to join trade unions by analyzing labor disputes, employment characteristics, and socio-demographic factors. Utilizing data from a survey of 823 migrant workers conducted in Shanghai and nine other cities in China, this research examines both the associational (organizational membership) and behavioral (activity participation) aspects of trade union participation. The results indicate that rural migrant workers exhibit a low level of union participation, contrary to expectations based on their labor market position and the recruitment efforts by Chinese unions. Three primary barriers to union participation were identified: (1) migrant workers in state-owned firms are significantly more likely to participate in unions compared to those in private firms, where union presence is weaker; (2) occupational and employment status discrimination within workplaces hinders rural migrant workers from joining unions; and (3) trust in trade unions is relatively low among Chinese migrant workers, likely due to the close relationship between unions and the government, which may undermine union legitimacy and impede worker engagement. These findings highlight the systemic challenges that rural migrant workers face in engaging with trade unions in China.
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Isyangulov, Shamil N. "TRADE UNIONS AND PUBLIC OPINION IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AT THE END OF THE 20TH – BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY". Proceedings of the UFRC RAS. Series: History. Philology. Culture 1, nr 2 (czerwiec 2024): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31833/sifk/2024.1.2.018.
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The article examines the dynamics of public opinion regarding trade union organizations in Bashkortostan in the post-Soviet period. The analysis of the scientific literature indicates that the problem is insufficiently studied. The main sources used in the article, in addition to archival documents, were the materials of the periodical press. The work notes that during the transition to market relations, trade unions restructured their work with an emphasis on strengthening the protection of the rights of employees, began to interact with all branches of government, negotiated with employers and concluded agreements and collective agreements. Non-fulfillment of agreements by enterprises and the state forced trade unions to organize collective actions: rallies, strikes, pickets. In the early 1990s, as sociological studies showed, citizens’ trust in trade unions remained high, paradoxically combined, however, with distrust of all political forces. Most likely, it is precisely distrust of trade unions that explains the attempts to create new public organizations in the 1990s, uniting ordinary workers. Many workers expressed dissatisfaction with the indecisive actions of the trade unions, urging them to pay attention to protecting the interests of workers. Special studies have found a decrease in the authority of trade unions among workers from the early 1990s to the early 2010s. At the same time, trade union leaders noted the passivity and inertia of ordinary trade union members, their non-participation in collective actions. Thus, on the one hand, the workers recognized the trade unions as the only defenders of their interests, on the other, they assessed its activities poorly, reluctantly participated in collective events.
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Leggett, Christopher, i Jie Shen. "Contradictions in Chinese Trade Unionism". International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 23, Issue 2 (1.06.2007): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2007011.
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This study examines the changing status and roles of the All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) in industrial disputes. It also examines unionization, union autonomy, workers’ organizations and their governance and unions’ prospects under the transitional economy. Although a consistency with past studies emerges from the findings, the extent and direction of change in Chinese industrial relations is revealed. It distinguishes trade unions at the enterprise from those at the higher level. Trade unions at the enterprise level are part of and represent the interests of the management of the enterprise. Trade unions at the higher level are subordinate to and part of the Party-state, and represent both workers and employers, acting as ‘messengers’ and ‘mediators’ in resolving labour disputes. Trade unions at enterprise level, as part of enterprise management, mediate between workers and management or suppress worker’s actions in labour disputes. Independent trade unions and collective bargaining appear to be unlikely to emerge in the near future of China in the current political framework.
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Barnes, Alison. "Trade Unionism in 2005". Journal of Industrial Relations 48, nr 3 (czerwiec 2006): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185606064791.
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In 2005, the primary focus of union activity was on the WorkChoices legislation, the passage of which was made possible by the Coalition Government’s post-June 2005 Senate majority. Unions responded by concentrating media and community attention on the threat posed to working conditions and workplace fairness. Although it proved impossible to prevent the Bill’s passing, the unions’ ‘Your Rights at Work’ campaign succeeded in raising public awareness and generating widespread opposition to the Bill. This review explores key elements of the campaign and the implications for unions of the new industrial environment.
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Zahn, Rebecca. "Trade Unions and New Member State Workers in Germany and the United Kingdom". International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 27, Issue 2 (1.06.2011): 139–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2011011.
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This article compares German and British trade union responses in a European context following the European enlargements in 2004 and 2007 that are unprecedented in the history of the European Union (EU). In particular, this article examines two case studies to explore how trade unions have responded to increased migration following the enlargements. Increased migration has created a number of problems for trade unions that are examined in the case studies. The findings of the case studies are used to undertake a contextualized comparison of trade union behaviour in responding to the changing regulatory and opportunity structures that present themselves following the enlargements. Account is taken of the role that trade unions adopt within their national legal systems, as well as of the effects of the EU's policy of Europeanization on national trade unions. This article concludes by elaborating a number of recommendations based on the analysis.
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Kondratiuk, Olha, i Ruslan Dutchak. "Професійні об’єднання: суспільна позиція та бухгалтерський облік діяльності". Economics and technical engineering 1, nr 2 (15.11.2023): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.62911/ete.2023.01.02.06.
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Professional associations in the form of trade unions have existed for several centuries and are of interest to both academic and business circles. The initial reasons for the emergence of trade unions are related to the historical development of society and changes in production methods. Trade unions emerged as a form of self-organization and self-defense of employees who found themselves in conditions of disadvantage and social injustice. The main issues addressed by trade unions were wages, working conditions, and protection of employees' rights. Trade unions are involved in regulating labor, social and economic relations between workers, employers and the state. Globalization has caused transformational changes in trade unions. Consequently, their social positions have changed. Analytical and synthetic research methods were used to study the current state of trade unions and accounting features. Analytical methods consist in studying the essence and functions of trade unions and comparing them at different moments of society's development, identifying the factors that have influenced the transformation of trade unions over time. Synthetic methods consist in combining parts into a whole, creating new phenomena or concepts based on already known ones. These methods allow generalizing, systematizing, comparing and evaluating information obtained from different sources and drawing reasonable conclusions. The method of "online interview" was used, which is a method of conducting individual interviews through online communication tools such as e-mail, chat, video or audio communication. The method was used to obtain information from the heads and accountants of trade union organizations in the Dnipro region about the role of citizens' associations, accounting features, and their participation in solving statutory issues of trade unions. The results of the research allowed us to reveal the gradual transformation of trade unions at the international level and the need for accounting solutions to new challenges. These results can be useful for teachers, ccountants, and trade union leaders to determine the trajectory of development of a particular organization.
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Larsson, Bengt. "Trade Union Channels for Influencing European Union Policies". Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 5, nr 3 (1.10.2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v5i3.4809.
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This paper analyzes what channels trade unions in Europe use when trying to influence European Union (EU) policies. It compares and contrasts trade unions in different industrial relations regimes with regard to the degree to which they cooperate with different actors to influence EU policies, while also touching on the importance of sector differences and organizational resources. The study is based on survey data collected in 2010–2011 from unions affiliated with the European Trade Union Confederation and from below peak unions in 14 European countries. Results of the survey show that the ‘national route’ is generally the most important for trade unions in influencing EU policies in the sense that this channel is, on average, used to the highest degree. In addition, the survey delineates some important differences between trade unions in different industrial relations regimes with regard to the balance between the national route and different access points in the ‘Brussels route’.
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KOLAWOLE, Ibukun Olorunisola. "IMPACTS OF GLOBALISATION ON GLOBAL LABOUR MOVEMENT: CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES". LASU Journal of Employment Relations & Human Resource Management 1, nr 1 (1.12.2018): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/ljerhrm/8102.01.0123.
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Across the globe labour formations have generally been experiencing insurmountable challenges related to globalisation these challenges, though differs in the levels of impact, the issues raised are universally applicable. Studies show that trade unions are trying to combat these challenges by adopting organising model elements which involves social unionism movement. Unfortunately, this has not been adopted by all unions. This paper has as its main objective of situating the trade unions within the context of globalisation era with a view to assessing the effects of globalisation on the roles of labour movement. It is believed more than ever before, that the challenges facing the labour unions are daunting and this has changed the traditional roles of the trade union to be more dynamic and versatile. Attempts are made to define trade union and globalisation in its multi-faceted dimension. It looks at these challenges faced by trade unions due to globalisation and how they have responded to these challenges. The author review various areas that globalisation have been perceives to have adverse effects on trade unions and its members and their responses, recommending measures to be adopted by unions to overcome these challenges
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Sulakshin, S., i A. Romanikhin. "From "Trade-Union of Oligarches" to Trade Union of Goods Manufacturers". Voprosy Ekonomiki, nr 1 (20.01.2003): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-1-96-103.
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Having analysed the shortcomings in activity of the Russian industrial unions, the authors propose measures for activating their further work. Namely, in their opinion, a new organization, set up along with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, may play an important role so that the non-commercial unions be consolidated. It is the only employers' union, running according to a separate law.
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Claeys, Jos. "Christelijke vakbonden van hoop naar ontgoocheling : Het Wereldverbond van de Arbeid en de transformatie van het voormalige Oostblok na 1989". Trajecta. Religion, Culture and Society in the Low Countries 29, nr 1 (1.07.2020): 49–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tra2020.1.003.clae.
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Abstract The implosion of Communism between 1989 and 1991 in Central- and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the following socio-economic transitions had a strong impact on Western European social movements. The international trade union movement and trade unions in Belgium and the Netherlands were galvanized to support the changing labour landscape in CEE, which witnessed the emergence of new independent unions and the reform of the former communist organizations. This article explores the so far little-studied history of Christian trade union engagement in post-communist Europe. Focusing on the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) and its Belgian and Dutch members, it reveals how Christian trade unions tried to recruit independent trade unions in the East by presenting themselves as a ‘third way’ between communism and capitalism and by emphasizing the global dimensions of their movement. The WCL ultimately failed to play a decisive role in Eastern Europe because of internal disagreements, financial struggles and competition with the International Confederation of Trade Unions.
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Chamera-Nowak, Agnieszka. "Biblioteki związków zawodowych w latach 50. XX wieku". Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 12 (24.12.2018): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2018.14.
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Trade union libraries were supervised by the Trade Unions’ Central Council, defining areas of their activity, together with management boards of the unions of particular economic sectors. Regional councils of trade unions and management boards mentioned above were responsible for tasks’ realisation. Direct supervision belonged to a trade union council and management of particular work places. Trade union libraries did not belong to the official library network. They fulfilled educational and community functions. Referring to the documents from the Archives of Modern Recordings, in 50s particular the acts of the Central Office for Publishing, Printing Industry and Bookselling, the Central Library Management, and the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party, the author discussed briefly selected issues of the trade union libraries in the 50s of the 20th century.
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Barański, Michał, i Iwona Gredka-Ligarska. "O strukturze związków zawodowych po nowelizacji prawa związkowego z dnia 5 lipca 2018 r." Studia Iuridica 78 (29.05.2019): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2098.
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This study is an analysis of the existing regulations regarding the construction of the trade union organization, the mechanism for raising objections regarding the number of members of the trade union organization and the representativeness of trade unions. The latest amendment to the Trade Unions Act, introducing a change in the coalition law in trade unions, modifies the structure of the trade union organization at the same time. Also the criteria for establishing representativeness of a company or supra-company trade union organization have been materially amended. As regards supra-company trade union organizations, the threshold of representativeness has been increased from 10% to 15% per total of not just employees, as previously, but all persons performing paid work and covered by the scope of a given organization’s statute. Also on the company level the percentage thresholds of representativeness have been increased. In addition, the legislator introduced a new type of representativeness, which may be described as employee representativeness.
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Barbeau, Elizabeth M., Roberta Goldman, Cora Roelofs, Joshua Gagne, Elizabeth Harden, Kathleen Conlan, Anne Stoddard i Glorian Sorensen. "A New Channel for Health Promotion: Building Trade Unions". American Journal of Health Promotion 19, nr 4 (marzec 2005): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-19.4.297.
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Purpose. Labor unions are a largely unevaluated channel for health promotion interventions for working class populations, who are at increased risk for smoking and poor diet. We conducted qualitative and quantitative research to understand the meaning and function of union membership in workers' lives and applied this information to health promotion intervention design. Methods. Cross-sectional data included a survey conducted with a nationally representative sample of unionized construction workers (n = 1109; 44% response rate), and 16 focus groups (n = 88) conducted in multiple regions around the country. Results. The vast majority of survey respondents held strongly positive views of their union. Focus group findings revealed the meaning of the union in members' daily lives, how members view information from the union, and their perceptions of the union's limitations. Conclusions. The findings provide a compelling rationale for considering unions as a channel for health promotion interventions.
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Lewkowicz, Jacek, i Anna Lewczuk. "An Institutional Approach to Trade Union Density. The Case of Legal Origins and Political Ideology". Central European Economic Journal 2, nr 49 (21.03.2018): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceej-2017-0008.
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Abstract Which institutions may be important in terms of trade union density and how significant they are? Although the status of trade unions may be very different among states, unions are still a very meaningful component of labour markets. In this paper, we contribute to the debate about the institutions that may affect the outcome of trade unions in different legal systems. Firstly, we draw on the theoretical underpinnings of trade union activity and density. Then, we conduct an empirical analysis of the relationships between trade union density in a particular country, country’s legal origins and government’s ideology. In this way, the paper enriches an underexploited niche in institutional research devoted to labour market issues.
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Erne, Roland, i Markus Blaser. "Direct democracy and trade union action". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 24, nr 2 (8.04.2018): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258918764079.
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Until recently, the political influence of trade unions primarily relied on ties to labour-friendly political parties. Since the 1990s, however, party-union relations have deteriorated, forcing unions to consider complementary political strategies. This article reviews different direct democratic instruments at local, national and EU levels. We distinguish popular consultations initiated by government from above from citizens’ initiatives initiated from below and discuss corresponding trade union experiences in Germany, Italy, Ireland, Slovenia and Switzerland. We also analyse the successful right2water European Citizens Initiative (ECI) of the European Federation of Public Service Unions and the failed fair transport ECI of the European Transport Workers’ Federation at EU level. Whereas unions have successfully used direct democratic instruments to (i) defend social achievements or (ii) as a lever to extract policy concessions, direct democracy is also challenging. Successful direct democratic campaigns require unions that are able to mobilise their own rank-and-file and to inspire larger sections of society.
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Ramankulov, К. S. "The Problem of Freedom of Association: A Comparative Legal Study of Provisions of Laws on Trade Unions of the States of the Eurasian Economic Union, Taking into Account International Labor Standards". Actual Problems of Russian Law 16, nr 2 (26.02.2021): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2021.123.2.165-174.
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The paper investigates the norms of laws on trade unions of the states of the Eurasian Economic Union, with respect to international labor standards, in the context of the problems of freedom of association in a comparative legal aspect. In this regard, trade union monopolies (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan) are challenging the provision of the independence of trade unions in a number of countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. The paper concludes that there is a significant inconsistency, in particular, Art. 11-15 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 211-V "On Trade Unions" and Art. 7-12 of a new Law (draft) of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Trade Unions" to the principles of Art. 2 and 11 of the ILO Convention No. 87. The paper examines the trends associated with the expansion of some trade union rights in terms of their relationship with civil rights and freedoms and international labor standards. On this basis, it is concluded that in international legal acts, trade union rights are considered as a complex legal institution containing norms related to civil and political rights, to economic, social and cultural rights.
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Bridgford, Jeff, i John Stirling. "Restructuring and trade union education. Trade unions anticipating and managing change – the TRACE project". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 13, nr 2 (maj 2007): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890701300212.
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Bose, Indranil, i Baisakhi Mitra Mustaphi. "Trade Unionism and Compensation Dynamics: A Research Overview". Ushus - Journal of Business Management 17, nr 2 (1.04.2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12725/ujbm.43.1.
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Over the years, government’s enacted laws and enunciated policies to provide for decent work life, guarantee minimum wages, cushion against rise in cost of living, ensure equal remuneration and deter employers from making unfair and arbitrary deductions from wages has led to a change in the impact trade unions had on wage determination. The present article discusses different aspects of trade union’s role in wage and salary administration in terms of choices and options for trade unions, unions’ impact on general wage levels, unions’ impact in terms of spill-over effect, role of trade unions in wage and salary policies and practices and so on.
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Yaroshenko, Oleg, Olena Moskalenko, Olena Sereda, Mykola Inshyn i Yuliia Burniagina. "The Role of Trade Unions as a Subject of Social Partnership in Resolving Labour Disputes". REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 4, nr 7 (15.07.2022): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52028/rbadr.v4i7.9.
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The relevance of this scientific work which focuses on trade unions as subjects of social partnership to resolve labor disputes lies in the need to enhance the role of trade union organisations in the mechanism of implementation of social partnership activities in resolving labour disputes. The purpose of this article is to conduct an analysis of trade union activities in general, highlighting its main characteristics and principles on which such activities are based, and also to investigate what is the role of trade unions as the subjects of social partnership. The scientific work was aimed at revealing both theoretical and practical aspects. Such methodological approaches include theoretical and methodological, dialectical and methodological, deduction method, induction method, logical analysis method, synthesis method, and others. Thus, in the course of the research, it was revealed that trade unions play a rather important role in the formation of civil society and in improving the mechanism of social and labour relations. In addition, the mechanism of trade unions as subjects of social partnership in resolving labour disputes was analysed in detail, and the problems that stand in the way of the proper functioning of participation of trade union organisations in social partnership were identified. The results of the study will contribute to the development of methodological recommendations to help resolve problems related to trade union participation in social partnerships and to enhance the role of cooperation between trade unions and employers in the settlement of labour disputes.
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KONINGS, PIET. "ASSESSING THE ROLE OF AUTONOMOUS TEACHERS’ TRADE UNIONS IN ANGLOPHONE CAMEROON, 1959–1972". Journal of African History 47, nr 3 (listopad 2006): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853706001782.
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In the literature on African trade unions during decolonization and in the immediate post-independence period, two schools of thought can be distinguished: one is pessimistic about the unions' economic and political roles, and the other is optimistic. This study attempts to assess the role of autonomous teachers' trade unions in Anglophone Cameroon during the period 1959–72. The emergence, development and dissolution of these unions appears to have closely followed the region's political and educational reforms. It is argued that two main issues formed a constant source of conflict between the government and these unions, namely the preservation of trade union autonomy, and union demands for a substantial improvement in members' conditions of service.
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Dølvik, Jon Erik, i Jeremy Waddington. "Private sector services: challenges to European trade unions". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 8, nr 3 (sierpień 2002): 356–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890200800304.
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This article maps the challenges faced by European trade unions arising from the growth and diversification of employment in private sector services, and analyses union responses to these challenges. Focusing on recruitment, internal interest intermediation, and articulation between the central and local tiers of union activity, it shows that many unions are making considerable efforts to renew their organisational structures and policies, so as to reverse the decline in membership and strengthen their workplace presence in private sector services. Approaches include union mergers, extension of collective bargaining into new areas, development of new styles of organising, digital unions, and creation of unions for particular groups. A critical issue is how to combine the differentiation and decentralisation of unions with coordination of union objectives: union renewal is a contested process, implying difficult choices as regards target groups and internal power relations. The article suggests that although the reforms have been insufficient to turn the tide thus far, the breadth of change cautions against precipitate judgements about the demise of unionism in private sector services.
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Choi, Hae-Lin. "State of the Union". PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 38, nr 153 (1.12.2008): 595–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v38i153.454.
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For a long time trade unions in USA had an extreme weak position. With new practices of organizing especially SEIU (Services Employees International Union) had some success and was used as a model. But also inside SEIU new problems and conflicts grew. The future development of US trade uniqns is rather uncertain.
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Thursfield, Denise, i Katy Grayley. "Exploring performance management in four UK trade unions". Employee Relations 38, nr 5 (1.08.2016): 789–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-08-2015-0167.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore performance management in four UK trade unions. Specifically, the extent to which managers in the four unions accept or dismiss the unitarist, disciplinary and performative values that arguably characterise performance management practices. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative research design was adopted to investigate trade union managers’ interpretations of performance management. Managers were targeted because they held the power to shape performance management practices in their specific areas. The research employed qualitative semi-structured interviews. Findings – Performance management in trade unions is linked to the structure, purpose and orientation of different types of trade union. It is also linked to the wider environmental context. The trade union managers’ interpretations of performance management are linked to disciplinary and performative values. As such they are comparable to the unitarist forms of performance management described in the literature. There are moreover, similarities and differences between the approaches to performance management between trade unions and for profit or public sector organisations. Originality/value – The paper adds to the emerging literature on internal trade union management by highlighting a particular aspect of human resource management.
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Ncube, Farai, i Olabanji Oni. "ORGANIZING CHALLENGES FACED BY TRADE UNIONS IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY OF ZIMBABWE". EURASIAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 8, nr 3 (2020): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.03.001.
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Globally there are a lot of developments and changes happening in the tourism industry affecting the traditional business operations and with a serious effect on employment relations patterns. Trade unions have been at the receiving end owing to these changes. New forms of employment coupled with other changes have adversely affected the ability of trade unions to effectively organize. While union strength is measured by a number of aspects, membership remains the main indicator of union power. In this article, we examine the organizing challenges faced by the Trade Unions in the Hospitality Industry of Zimbabwe. We employ a qualitative study utilizing a sample of 80 respondents drawn from union officials (10), shop stewards (40) and management representatives (30). The study reveals that the unions face a myriad of challenges ranging from lack of resources to effectively organize and support all initiatives in place, political persecution affecting member perceptions, lack of management support, destroying all union efforts as well as changing demographics and employment conditions among other challenges. We maintain that the survival of a trade union depends primarily on its ability to organize workers. We advance the argument that the industry is not immune to the developments and changes happening in the contemporary world of work and for unions to survive they have to co-evolve. We conclude that the identified challenges can actually be opportunities for the trade unions.
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Cossali, Paul. "Gaza's Trade Unions". Journal of Palestine Studies 17, nr 2 (1.01.1988): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2536885.
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Sovich, Nina. "Palestinian Trade Unions". Journal of Palestine Studies 29, nr 4 (2000): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2676562.
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In 1994, the Palestinian labor movement, crippled by years of factionalism and Israeli oppression, expected that the arrival of the Palestinian Authority would enable it to reorient its priorities from national politics to workers' rights. This article examines the trajectory of the trade union movement since Oslo and particularly the reasons for its ongoing factionalism and failure to meet its objectives.