Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 11 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE"

Wan, Yi, Zhi Tao Tang, Zhan Qiang Liu i Xing Ai. "The Assessment of Cutting Temperature Measurements in High-Speed Machining". Materials Science Forum 471-472 (grudzień 2004): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.162.

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High-speed machining has received important interest because it leads to an increase of productivity and a better workpiece surface quality. However, the tool wear increases dramatically in high-speed machining (HSM) operations due to the high cutting temperature at the tool-workpiece interface and chip-tool interface. Cutting temperature and its gradient play an important role in tool life and machined part accuracy. This paper reviews different methods of the measurements of cutting temperature, which include: (1) thermocouples---tool-work thermocouple, embedded thermocouple, combination thermocouple and compensation thermocouple (2) optical infrared pyrometer, (3) infra-red photography, (4) thermal paints, (5) microstructure or microhardness observation. Each method has its advantages and limitations. The fundamental principles and application fields of each measurement method are presented, which is useful for the selection of the measurement methods for high-speed cutting temperature.

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Stephenson, D. A. "Tool-Work Thermocouple Temperature Measurements—Theory and Implementation Issues". Journal of Engineering for Industry 115, nr 4 (1.11.1993): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2901786.

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Since cutting tools wear by temperature-activated mechanisms, it would be desirable to make tool temperature measurements during machinability tests. However, none of the laboratory methods for measuring temperatures reported in the literature is simple and reliable enough for routine testing. The method which is most promising is the tool-work thermocouple method, which yields a repeatable result which correlates well with tool wear for many materials. This method is not normally used in machinability testing because it is not clear what temperature the method actually measures and because, as conventionally described, it cannot be used for roughing cuts at high cutting speeds. The purpose of this paper is to extend both the theoretical understanding and range of application of the tool-work thermocouple method. The question of what temperature is measured by the method is answered by analyzing the electrical potential distribution in a cutting tool due to a distributed interfacial emf. It is shown that in general the tool-work thermocouple temperature differs from the average interfacial temperature, but that for tungsten carbide tools the difference is usually small. The isolation of the tool-work thermocouple circuit is also considered. Methods of measuring signals without introducing insulation between the chuck and workpiece and reducing the machining system stiffness are described. Finally, methods of minimizing measurement errors due to secondary junctions are discussed. Sample signals from machinability tests on steels are used to illustrate significant points.

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Leshock, C. E., i Y. C. Shin. "Investigation on Cutting Temperature in Turning by a Tool-Work Thermocouple Technique". Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 119, nr 4A (1.11.1997): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831180.

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Tool-chip interface temperature is analyzed experimentally during turning of 4140 steel alloy and Inconel 718 with tungsten carbide tools using a tool-work thermocouple technique. The experimental results are compared with Loewen and Shaw’s analytical results. Based on the experimental results, an empirical model relating the tool face temperature to cutting conditions is established for 4140 steel alloys with tungsten carbide tools. Finally, the tool-chip interface is investigated with flank and crater wear to determine the effect of tool face temperature on these tool wear mechanisms.

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Guimarães, Bruno, José Rosas, Cristina M. Fernandes, Daniel Figueiredo, Hernâni Lopes, Olga C. Paiva, Filipe S. Silva i Georgina Miranda. "Real-Time Cutting Temperature Measurement in Turning of AISI 1045 Steel through an Embedded Thermocouple—A Comparative Study with Infrared Thermography". Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 7, nr 1 (15.02.2023): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7010050.

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During machining processes, a high temperature is generated in the cutting zone due to deformation of the material and friction of the chip along the surface of the tool. This high temperature has a detrimental effect on the cutting tool, and for this reason, it is of the utmost importance to assess the cutting temperature in real time during these processes. Despite all the advances and investigation in this field, accurately measuring the cutting temperature remains a great challenge. In this sense, this work intends to contribute to solving this problem by experimentally evaluating the potential of the developed approach for embedding thermocouples into the rake face of cutting tools for measuring cutting temperature in real time during dry turning of AISI 1045 steel for different cutting parameters and comparing the obtained results with infrared thermography measurements at the exact same point. A well-defined, smooth micro-groove with good surface quality was produced by laser surface modification. Then a laser-welded K-type thermocouple was fixated in the micro-groove with a MgO ceramic adhesive, ensuring protection from wear and chips, which allowed the creation of WC-Co cutting inserts with the ability to measure cutting tool temperature with a maximum error of 0.96%. Results showed that, despite yielding the same trend, the tool temperature measured by the IR thermographic camera was always lower than the temperature measured by the K-type embedded thermocouple. The proposed embedded thermocouple method proved to be a reliable, precise, accurate, and cost-effective approach for real-time temperature measurement capable of providing useful information for cutting parameter optimization, thus allowing increased productivity and tool life.

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., Sushil D. Ghodam. "TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT OF A CUTTING TOOL IN TURNING PROCESS BY USING TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE". International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, nr 04 (25.04.2014): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0304147.

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Kovac,, P., M. Gostimirovic, i D. Milikic,. "Prediction of the Tool Life Function Based on the Tool-Work Thermocouple Temperature During Milling". Journal for Manufacturing Science and Production 2, nr 4 (grudzień 1999): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmsp.1999.2.4.199.

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Zhang, Bo, Wu Yi Chen i Dong Liu. "Experimental Study on the Cutting Temperature Using Work-Tool Thermocouple while Machining TC4". Key Engineering Materials 407-408 (luty 2009): 727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.407-408.727.

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The machining of titanium alloys classified as difficult machining materials. It is a major problem how to improve the machining efficiency of titanium alloys. The TC4 and YS8 natural thermocouple pair was calibrated and the variation of electromotive force with change of temperature was obtained. The calibrated results were used to measure the cutting temperature while machining TC4 and the variation regulation of cutting temperature with cutting speed was obtained.

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Lima, Hugo V., Augusto F. V. Campidelli, Antônio A. T. Maia i Alexandre M. Abrão. "Temperature assessment when milling AISI D2 cold work die steel using tool-chip thermocouple, implanted thermocouple and finite element simulation". Applied Thermal Engineering 143 (październik 2018): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.07.107.

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Masek, Petr, Pavel Zeman i Petr Kolar. "Cutting temperature measurement in turning of thermoplastic composites using a tool-work thermocouple". International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116, nr 9-10 (17.07.2021): 3163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07588-0.

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Kamonpong, Jamkamon, Keiji Yamada, Katsuhiko Sekiya i Ryutaro Tanaka. "Precise Evaluation of Cutting Temperature in Milling Process by Tool-Work Thermocouple Method". Proceedings of Conference of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch 2018.56 (2018): 1404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecs.2018.56.1404.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE"

LATA, SURABHI. "MEASUREMENT OF CHIP-TOOL INTERFACE TEMPERATURE FOR ORTHOGONAL CUTTING". Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14971.

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Cutting is one of the most important and common manufacturing processes in industry. Machining process is not an easy process to investigate and to model due to the inherent difficulty to know exactly what happens in the region around the tool tip. In metal cutting operations, the importance of knowledge on the temperature distribution in cutting tool is well recognized due to its controlled influence on tool life as well as on the quality of the machined part. The effect of process parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut etc in the metal cutting process is determined by correlating the process parameters with the tool temperature, tool life, wear rate, production cost etc. The main objective of this experiment was to determine the chip-tool interface temperature in orthogonal turning process depending on cutting parameters i.e. cutting speed and depth of cut for different tool and work material combinations using the tool-work thermocouple method. The design matrix was prepared on the basis of two factors, two levels, full factorial design to identify the limits of process parameters. Response surface methodology and regression analysis was used to develop the mathematical model correlating the process parameters with the response variable (chip-tool interface temperature). The calculations were carried out using the software package Minitab 16. The models once developed were checked for adequacy using the ANOVA technique. The significant terms were selected using the p test from the adequate models. Following this the final model was proposed and the main and interaction effects of the process variables on the response variable were plotted and interpreted from the developed graphs. The developed model was used for prediction of response variable by selecting the appropriate process parameter values. The function of the optimization model was to minimize the chip tool interface temperature in orthogonal cutting process using an optimization technique. Genetic algorithm technique was used for modeling the cutting process. Predictive equations previously formulated by RSM method were used in the development of GA architecture for the determination of the temperature for a given set of inputs in the metal cutting problem. A comparative analysis of the performance of RSM model and GA model was done. iv It was concluded that when the cutting speed and the depth of cut were increased the chip-tool interface temperature increased and also observed that the cutting speed has a significant effect on the chip-tool interface temperature in comparison to the effect of depth of cut. These conclusions were verified by the correlation coefficients. The results obtained from the simulation model presented a fast and suitable solution for automatic selection of the machining parameters. The results are further analyzed with the literature available. This experimental work includes discussion on the important input parameters, their effects, conclusions and the several considerations for future work.

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Części książek na temat "TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE"

Muniraj, Navya, Weixuan Gong, Muthu Kumaran Selvaraj i Albert Simeoni. "A study of fire and plume dynamics for static pool fires and their interaction with vegetation". W Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1566–71. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_238.

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Prescribed burns are an essential tool of fire management to reduce the impact and occurrence of wildfires. While managing prescribed burns, the smoke trajectory and downwind exposure to smoke are intimately coupled with the smoke production dynamics and the development of the fire plume in the vicinity of the fire front. In turn, the fire plume development is strongly coupled to fire behavior and the flow environment near the fire. This work aims at understanding fire behavior and plume development while interacting with vegetation at the large laboratory scale through experiments and modeling. In order to investigate these coupled processes, initially, flame and plume behavior from a static fire source will be characterized. A rectangular pool fire fueled by diesel is used and point measurements of flow, temperature and heat flux will be conducted. The burning rate will be measured using a load cell. K-type thermocouples and bi-directional pressure probes will be used for measuring the temperature and velocity, respectively in the flame and plume zones. These data will be used for validating a numerical model for simulating pool fires and the model will be subsequently used for predicting the plume interaction with vegetation. A Douglas fir tree, whose properties are well defined in the literature, will be used as vegetation. The Lagrangian particle model available in the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) will be used to model the tree. The tree will be of regular shape and size with foliage and different classes of wood segregated based on typical size (diameter) range. The bulk density of the tree will be varied to replicate the systematic and controlled variation of the flow obstruction encountered by the plume and gives a realistic prediction of velocity, temperature, and heat flux within the vegetation. In the future, experiments with vegetation located in the plume region will be conducted to validate the numerical predictions.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "TOOL WORK THERMOCOUPLE"

Fehrenbacher, Axel, Joshua R. Schmale, Michael R. Zinn i Frank E. Pfefferkorn. "Tool-Workpiece Interface Temperature Measurement in Friction Stir Welding". W ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7326.

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The objectives of this work are to develop an improved temperature measurement system for Friction Stir Welding (FSW). FSW is a novel joining technology enabling welds with excellent metallurgical and mechanical properties, as well as significant energy consumption and cost savings compared to traditional fusion welding processes. The measurement of temperatures during FSW is employed for process monitoring, heat transfer model verification and process control, but current methods have limitations due to their restricted spatial and temporal resolution and have found only few industrial applications so far. Thermocouples, which are most commonly used, are either placed too far away from the weld zone or are destructively embedded into the weld path, and therefore fail to provide suitable data about the dynamic thermal phenomena at the tool-workpiece interface. Previous work showed that temperatures at the tool shoulder-workpiece interface can be measured and utilized for closed-loop control of temperature. The method is improved by adding an additional thermocouple at the tool pin-workpiece interface to gain better insight into the temperature distribution in the weld zone. Both thermocouples were placed in through holes right at the interface of tool and workpiece so that the sheaths are in contact with the workpiece material. This measurement strategy reveals dynamic temperature variations at the shoulder and the pin within a single rotation of the tool in real-time. Due to the thermocouple’s limited response time and inherent delays due to physical heat conduction, the temperature response is experiencing attenuation in magnitude and a phase lag. Heat transfer models were constructed to correct for this issue. It was found that the highest temperatures are between the advancing side and the trailing edge of the tool. Further work is needed to increase the accuracy of the correction. Experimental results show that the weld quality is sensitive to the measured interface temperatures, but that temperature is not the only factor influencing the weld quality. The dynamic temperature measurements obtained with the current system are of unmatched resolution, fast and reliable and are likely to be of interest for both fundamental studies and process control of FSW.

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Kaminise, Almir K., Gilmar Guimaraes i Marcio B. Da Silva. "Influence of Tool Holder Material on Interfacial, Insert and Tool Holder Temperatures During Turning Operation of Gray Iron". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87959.

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Usually studies related to machining temperature consider a system comprised of workpiece, chip and cutting tool, the effect of tool holder material is not taken in account. However, due to its physical properties, the tool holder material, usually carbon steel, has effect in the dissipation of the heat generated. This work studies the effect of the tool holder material on the temperature distribution during the turning operation of gray iron using cemented carbide cutting tool and without cutting fluid. Five tool holders were manufactured from materials with different heat conductivity: carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, copper and bronze. Temperatures in eight different positions in the tool holder and cutting insert were measured. The average temperature at the chip tool interface was also measured using the tool-work thermocouple method. The results showed that the measured chip tool interface temperature was less affected by the tool holder material, although the temperature distribution at the cutting tool is highly affected.

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Parishram, P., Ajay P. Malshe i Arnie Fulton. "Laser Melt Processing of H13 Tool Steel". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15243.

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H13 has been widely used in hot and cold work tooling applications and the thermal processing of H13 has important industrial significance particularly where longer tool life is important. This paper presents some results of the CO2 laser assisted processing of H13 tool steel. A block of preheated H13 tool steel was laser processed at six different parameters. Laser power (P) and Scan speed (V) were chosen as the primary variables. The processed region was characterized for geometry, micro hardness and microstructure. The block temperature was monitored using an alumel-chromel thermocouple. Optical observations indicated that the aspect ratios of the processed zone increased with power. Microhardness observations indicate that higher cooling rate parameters had higher hardness values. Finer dendrites were visible at higher power values. These observations were corroborated by magnitude of thermal change predictions made using the Rosenthal equation

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Malladi, Sriram V. V. N., i Pablo A. Tarazaga. "Sensorless Control of SMA Using Seebeck Voltage". W ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8062.

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Active research of SMA has presented the measurement of thermoelectric properties as a useful and a potential tool in the study of phase transformations. The Seebeck coefficient is sensitive to the martensitic transformation behavior of SMA and can potentially be used to determine the state of Martensitic transformation of a SMA. The combination of Shape Memory Alloy having a positive Seebeck coefficient and Constantan with a negative Seebeck coefficient (−35 μV/K) is a suitable thermocouple pair to measure temperature. This relation along with the displacement characteristic provides a feasible method to determine the state of SMA at any point during Martensitic phase transformation. Future work aims at utilizing the thermoelectric relation of the SMA-Constantan thermocouple as a feedback variable in replacing external sensor.

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Bikass, S., B. Andersson i A. Pilipenko. "Uncertainties on HTC Measurement of Water Spray Quenching of Aluminum Alloys". W ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44185.

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Water spray cooling of profiles right after extrusion is critical for control over the mechanical properties of high strength alloys. To design the optimum distribution of spray, computer simulation is a powerful tool. For that purpose a quantification of the heat-transfer boundary conditions is challenging, especially as the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) changes with the surface temperature. It is possible to record temperature history during the quenching in laboratory/plant experiments and then HTC values can be calculated by means of inverse modeling. These values are applicable only if they are accurate enough. In this paper, it is assumed the maximum allowed tolerance for calculated HTC to be 5%. This work is based on the computer simulation of the real experiments with thermocouples installed inside the sample to estimate the heat flux at the surface of the sample as well as the sample surface temperature using heat transfer equations. Error sources are typically: inaccurate thermocouple positioning and contact quality, sample geometry, thermocouple accuracy and repeatability, thermal properties, initial temperature and etc. In this study, some of these errors and uncertainty sources are selected and their impact on calculated HTC values is investigated. Finally, maximum allowance for every parameter to achieve calculated HTC within ±5% is calculated. Since HTC is not constant but a curve vs. temperature, the calculated HTC values must be between two parallel curves which represent +5% and −5% of nominal HTC.

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Miller, Scott, Lee Arnold i Grant Kruger. "Experimental Investigation of Coefficient of Friction During the Friction Stir Processing of Aluminum". W ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34106.

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There is a lack in understanding of the frictional contact condition during friction stir processes. High temperature, force and work material adhesion to and from the tool make the coefficient of friction difficult to measure. In this study, an experiment was set up to simultaneously measure the temperature and normal and frictional forces between a rotating tool and a stationary workpiece at steady state conditions. The coefficient of friction was measured for increasing temperature. A simple model was created to convert the thermocouple temperature measurement to the temperature at the point of contact between the tool and workpiece. It was found that the coefficient of friction had a decreasing trend as temperature approached the solidus temperature of the work material. The results and analysis of the experiments are presented.

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Hoyne, Alexander C., Chandra Nath i Shiv G. Kapoor. "Cutting Temperature Measurement During Titanium Machining With an Atomization–Based Cutting Fluid (ACF) Spray System". W ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63898.

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The poor thermal conductivity and low elongation–to–break ratio of titanium lead to the development of extreme temperatures localized in the tool–chip interface during machining of its alloys and cause accelerated tool wear. The atomization–based cutting fluid (ACF) spray system has recently been demonstrated to improve tool life in titanium machining. In order to understand the cooling and lubrication mechanism of the ACF spray system, it is important to determine the temperature gradient developed inside the entire tool–chip interface. The objective of this work is to measure the cutting temperatures at various locations inside the tool–chip interface during titanium machining with the ACF spray system. The temperature gradient and mean cutting temperature are measured using the inserted and the tool–work thermocouple techniques, respectively. Cutting temperatures for dry machining and machining with flood cooling are also characterized for comparison with the ACF spray system temperature data. Findings reveal that the ACF spray system more effectively reduces cutting temperatures over flood cooling. The tool–chip friction coefficient data indicate that the fluid film created by the ACF spray system also actively penetrates the tool–chip interface to enhance lubrication during titanium machining, especially as the tool wears.

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Das, R. R. Varun, V. Kalaichelvi i R. Karthikeyan. "Application of Fuzzy Logic Control Strategy for Temperature Control in Friction Stir Welding". W ASME 2013 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2013-3790.

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Friction Stir welding is a solid state joining process that utilizes a rotating non-consumable tool to plastically deform and forge together parent metals. Welding can be controlled either by using Force, Temperature and Traverse or Seam Control methods. The presence of numerous parameters and conditional variations in FSW production environment can adversely affect weld quality making extensive automation processes impossible till date. The weld quality of FSW is closely related to the stability of the welding temperature. For such a non-linear complex process conventional control theory is not an appropriate choice. A fuzzy logic controller with a specially chosen triangular membership function has been suggested as an effective alternative approach. The aim of the present work includes dynamic modeling of a friction stir welding process and the use of a suitable Fuzzy tuned Control Strategy for temperature control. The Temperature at stir zone is measured using a K type Thermocouple. It has a sensitivity of 41μV/°C and also a wide variety of probes are available within its −200° C to +1250 °C range. The thermocouple is used by drilling a hole in the shank of the tool and letting it pass through it. The spindle speed is used as an appropriate variable to control temperature variations. The dynamic modeling and simulations were performed using Matlab whereas the variable values were derived during friction stir welding of aluminum.

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Batako, Andre D. L., Valery V. Kuzin i Brian Rowe. "New Development in High Efficiency Deep Grinding". W ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82530.

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High Efficiency Deep Grinding (HEDG) has been known to secure high removal rates in grinding processes at high wheel speed, relatively large depth of cut and moderately high work speed. High removal rates in HEDG are associated with very efficient grinding and secure very low specific energy comparable to conventional cutting processes. Though there exist HEDG-enabled machine tools, the wide spread of HEDG has been very limited due to the requirement for the machine tool and process design to ensure workpiece surface integrity. HEDG is an aggressive machining process that requires an adequate selection of grinding parameters in order to be successful within a given machine tool and workpiece configuration. This paper presents progress made in the development of a specialised HEDG machine. Results of HEDG processes obtained from the designed machine tool are presented to illustrate achievable high specific removal rates. Specific grinding energies are shown alongside with measured contact arc temperatures. An enhanced single-pole thermocouple technique was used to measure the actual contact temperatures in deep cutting. The performance of conventional wheels is depicted together with the performance of a CBN wheel obtained from actual industrial tests.

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Patel, V. I., O. Muránsky, C. J. Hamelin, M. D. Olson, M. R. Hill i L. Edwards. "Finite Element Modelling of Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate With 8-Passes". W ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28163.

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The current paper presents a finite element analysis of an eight-pass groove weld in a 316L austenitic stainless steel plate. A dedicated welding heat source modelling tool was employed to produce volumetric body power density data for each weld pass, thus simulating weld-induced thermal loads. Thermocouple measurements and cross-weld macrographs taken from a weld specimen were used for heat source calibration. A mechanical finite element analysis was then conducted, using the calibrated thermal loads and a Lemaitre-Chaboche mixed work-hardening model. The predicted post-weld residual stresses were validated using contour method measurements: good agreement between measured and simulated residual stress fields was observed. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to identify the boundary conditions that best represent a tack-welded I-beam support, which was present on the specimen back-face during the welding.

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