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Tang, Katrina Elizabeth. "The phonology and phonetics of consonant-tone interaction". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666396531&sid=13&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaMwita, Leonard Chacha. "Verbal tone in Kuria". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1666904901&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaCham, Hoi-yee Rebecca. "A cross-linguistic study of the development of the perception of lexical tones and phones". Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2003. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38823299.
Pełny tekst źródła"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 2003." Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-28) Also available in print.
Ma, Ka-yin Joan. "The interaction between intonation and tone in Cantonese". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38942227.
Pełny tekst źródłaMa, Ka-yin Joan, i 馬嘉賢. "The interaction between intonation and tone in Cantonese". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38942227.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrenner, Daniel Scott. "The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578721.
Pełny tekst źródłaPurnell, Thomas Clark. "Principles and parameters of phonological rules evidence from tone languages /". access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 1997. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9831516.
Pełny tekst źródłaWong, Patrick Chun Man. "Hemispheric specialization of the processing of linguistic pitch contrasts". Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037024.
Pełny tekst źródłaGooden, Shelome A. "The phonology and phonetics of Jamaican Creole reduplication". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070485686.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxiv, 297 p. ; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-297).
Li, Zhiqiang 1969. "The phonetics and phonology of tone mapping in a constraint-based approach". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17651.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 283-295).
This dissertation concerns both phonetic and phonological aspects of tone mapping in various Chinese languages. The central issue addressed is the role of contrast and positional prominence and neutralization in the realization of tone. The inventory of tonal contrasts constrains the outputs of contextual neutralization as well as the location of pitch targets in phonetic implementation. Two prominent phonological positions in the tone sandhi domain are distinguished: peripheral (initial and final) positions and metrically strong positions. Input tones occupying different prominent positions in the input are preserved in the output; their realization in the output can be determined by the location of stress. A typology of diverse patterns of tone preservation and realization emerge from the interaction of positional faithfulness and positional markedness constraints. The research findings reported here have implications for both phonetics and phonoloy.
by Zhiqiang Li.
Ph.D.
Satravaha, Nuttavudh. "Tone classification of syllable-segmented Thai speech based on multilayer perceptron". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2280.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 130 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-118).
Kung, Wan-sum Anita. "Frequency discrimination of speech and nonspeech sounds by children". Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholors Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38279216.
Pełny tekst źródła"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2005." Also available in print.
Tsay, Suhchuan Jane, i Suhchuan Jane Tsay. "Phonological pitch". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186900.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeng, Long. "A unified theory of tone-voice". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185871.
Pełny tekst źródłaLo, Lap-yan. "Tonal perception and its implication for linguistic relativity". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39848978.
Pełny tekst źródłaZou, Yun. "Integrated vs independent processing of lexical tone and rime in mandarin sentence comprehension : an event-related potential study". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/715.
Pełny tekst źródłaDa, Jun. "The effects of focus on tone sandhi in Chinese dialects /". Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaAo, Benjamin Xiaoping. "Phonetics and phonology of Nantong Chinese". Connect to this title online, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1105384417.
Pełny tekst źródłaPearce, Mary Dorothy. "The interaction of tone with voicing and foot structure : evidence from Kera phonetics and phonology". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445070/.
Pełny tekst źródła陳達宗 i Tat-chung Chan. "Automatic labelling of mandarin". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31213959.
Pełny tekst źródłaLo, Lap-yan, i 盧立仁. "Tonal perception and its implication for linguistic relativity". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39848978.
Pełny tekst źródłaChan, Tat-chung. "Automatic labelling of mandarin /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18037306.
Pełny tekst źródłaKwok, Chui-ling Irene. "Electropalatographic investigation of normal Cantonese speech : a qualitative and quantitative analysis /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38626135.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoto, Solano Rolando Alberto, i Solano Rolando Alberto Coto. "Tonal Reduction and Literacy in Me'phaa Vátháá". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623099.
Pełny tekst źródłaKortum, Richard D. "Varieties of Tone: Frege, Dummett and the Shades of Meaning". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://amzn.com/1349442593.
Pełny tekst źródłahttps://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1108/thumbnail.jpg
Schwanhäu[beta]er, Barbara. "Lexical tone perception and production the role of language and musical background /". View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/31791.
Pełny tekst źródła"A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, MARCS Auditory Laboratories in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliography.
Pullin, Graham. "17 ways to say yes : exploring tone of voice in augmentative communication and designing new interactions with speech synthesis". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/110efeb6-e4d4-43d7-a4ac-d1e33746d1e2.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Ok Joo. "The prosody of questions in Beijing Mandarin". Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1122332580.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 190 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-190). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Peng, Shu-hui. "Phonetic Implementation and Perception of Place Coarticulation and Tone Sandhi". The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1384525774.
Pełny tekst źródłaKwok, Chui-ling Irene, i 郭翠玲. "Electropalatographic investigation of normal Cantonese speech: a qualitative and quantitative analysis". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38626135.
Pełny tekst źródłaJian, Francine Hua-Li. "Suprasegmental properties of Taiwanese speech and their role in human perception and recognition by machine". Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298416.
Pełny tekst źródłaXu, Nan. "Tones and vowels in Cantonese infant directed speech : hyperarticulation during the first 12 months of infancy". Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/37423.
Pełny tekst źródłaCabrera, Laurianne. "Développement de la perception de la parole et du traitement auditif des modulations spectro-temporelles : études comportementales chez le nourrisson". Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H112/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe goal of this doctoral research was to characterize the auditory processing of the spectro-temporal cues involved in speech perception during development. The ability to discriminate phonetic contrasts was evaluated in 6- and 10-month-old infants using two behavioral methods. The speech sounds were processed by “vocoders” designed to reduce selectively the spectro-temporal modulation content of the phonetically contrasting stimuli. The first three studies showed that fine spectro-temporal modulation cues (the frequency-modulation cues and spectral details) are not required for the discrimination of voicing and place of articulation in French-learning 6-month-old infants. As for French adults, 6-month-old infants can discriminate those phonetic features on the sole basis of the slowest amplitude-modulation cues. The last two studies revealed that the fine modulation cues are required for lexical-tone (pitch variations related to the meaning of one-syllable word) discrimination in French- and Mandarin-learning 6-month-old infants. Furthermore, the results showed the influence of linguistic experience on the perceptual weight of these modulation cues in both young adults and 10-month-old infants learning either French or Mandarin.This doctoral research showed that the spectro-temporal auditory mechanisms involved in speech perception are efficient at 6 months of age, but will be influenced by the linguistic environment during the following months. Finally, the present research discusses the implications of these findings for cochlear implantation in profoundly deaf infants who have only access to impoverished speech modulation cues
Silveira, Alfredo Christofoletti. "Ditongos no Português de São Tomé e Príncipe". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-30072013-105553/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this work is to investigate the realization of oral diphthongs in vernacular portuguese of Sao Tome and Principe (pvs). This variety of portuguese is in contact with other languages spoken in the country and differs from the linguistic system of the considered standard variety, the european portuguese (pe) (FIGUEIREDO, 2010; GONÇALVES, 2010; CHRISTOFOLETTI, 2011; SANTOS & CHRISTOFOLETTI, 2011). The hypothesis for the behavior of the phonetic-phonological system of pvs is the learning of portuguese as L2 (from recent past generations) (HAGEMEIJER, 2009; GONÇALVES, 2010), and the influence of contact with the creole languages spoken in the country, as the santome (FERRAZ, 1979), the principense (MAURER, 2009), angolar (MAURER, 1995) and kabuverdianu, since the communities are usually bilingual or living in multilingual environment. The intergenerational linguistic changes and the linguistic contact also justify the behavior in the realization of diphthongs that have variations in their realization in pvs. The corpus of this study consists of recordings of spontaneous speech of 18 informants, collected in the capital of stp through the assumptions of sociolinguistic theory and method (LABOV, 1991 [1972]). The reason to study the achievements of diphthongs, noted the uniqueness of its accomplishments, is to observe the behavior of a variant from portuguese in a multilingual environment; increase our knowledge of this variant; confront a system in diglossia; enable further studies on the pvs and compare it with other variants in the African countries witch have portuguese as official language. Regarding social variables, there is a link to the application of the process of monophthongization with the number of years of schooling, once that people with more time of school education tend to avoid monophthongization than people with less time of school education. Moreover, it was found the uniqueness of the phonetic-phonological system of pvs, because, unlike the pe (MATEUS & DANDRADE, 2000; MATEUS, 2002), considered prestigious in the country, pvs performs the monophthongization of diphthongs [eI ], as seeing in dinheiro [di\"ñeKU], primeiro [pri\"meKU] and feijoada [feZu\"ad5], it suggests an approach to behavior of Brazilian portuguese (pb) (cf. BISOL 1991, 1994; ARAÚJO 1999; LOPES 2002 e outros), however, monophthongization still occurs in contexts in both the variants whrer it is blocked as pb, as in the pe. So monophthongization occurs even when the following consonant is an voiceless alveolar occlusive [t], as in feitiço [fe\"tisU], leitão [le\"tãU ] e direito [di\"KetU], nons-documented fact in pb or pe. Regarding the diphthong [oU ] in pvs the monophthongization is categorical, as shown in studies on diphthongs variation in other varieties of portuguese. With respect to the diphthong [oI ] we observed that the variation in the application of monophthongization occurs only when it followed by the consonant [S], responsible for spreading the vocalic feature creating the glide [I ] through phonetic process. The diphthong [aI ] suffered variation in the monophthongization process, mainly before palatal consonant, in other contexts its occurrence was not very productive. Similarly, the diphthong [eU ] had a low rate of occurrence of monophthongization, and was kept in almost all contexts. The other diphthongs, [EI ], [EU ], [uI ] and [iU ], had rare occurrences, and it was impossible to observe variations in their realizations.
Liu, Tong [Verfasser], Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Pompino-Marschall i Hans Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Piroth. "„Ich verstehe nur Chinesisch!“ : Kontrastierung der chinesischen und deutschen Phonetik/Phonologie als Basis für die Entwicklung von Lehr- und Lernmaterialien für Deutschlernende chinesischer Muttersprache / Tong Liu. Gutachter: Bernd Pompino-Marschall ; Hans Georg Piroth". Berlin : Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075245036/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Seunghun Julio. "Consonant-tone interaction in optimality theory". 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17514.
Pełny tekst źródła"Exploitation of effective temporal cues for lexical tone recognition of Chinese". Thesis, 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074752.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeople with sensorineural hearing loss have difficulty in utilizing spectral information for speech recognition and rely heavily on temporal information. The temporal information of speech is divided into three parts, based on the rate of amplitude fluctuation: temporal envelope (below 50 Hz), periodicity (50-500 Hz), and fine structure (above 500 Hz).
Previous studies show that hearing-impaired people have difficulties in perceiving tones, even though they are aided with cochlear implants (CIs). In this thesis, two approaches are investigated to improve Chinese tone recognition. In the first approach, TEPCs go through a process of non-linear expansion in order to increase the modulation depth of periodicity-related amplitude fluctuation. Results of listening tests show that TEPC expansion leads to a noticeable improvement on tone identification accuracy. In the second approach, the effectiveness of enhancing temporal periodicity cues in noise is investigated. Temporal periodicity cues are simplified into a sinusoidal wave with frequency equivalent to the F0 of speech. This leads to a consistent and significant improvement on tone identification performance at different noise levels. This part of research is expected to be helpful in designing CI processing strategy for effective speech perception of tonal languages.
The goals of this thesis are to investigate what are the effective temporal cues for lexical tone perception of Chinese and how to manipulate or enhance these cues for better performance of tone perception. We adopt the research method of acoustic simulation with normal-hearing subjects. A four-channel noise-excited vocoder is used to generate test stimuli for tone identification.
We compare the contributions of temporal envelope and periodicity components (TEPCs) from different frequency regions to tone recognition in Cantonese and Mandarin. It is observed that TEPCs from high-frequency region (1-4 kHz) are more important than those from low-frequency region (< 1 kHz). In noise condition, tone recognition performance with temporal cues degrades and more spectral information is needed.
Yuan, Meng.
Adviser: Tan Lee.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 71-01, Section: B, page: 0565.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-146).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
"ERP studies of tone lateralization". Thesis, 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074971.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this dissertation, I discuss the effects of the linguistic role and the physical property on the hemispheric specialization (lateralization) of the lexical tones. In the previous studies of lateralization, there are two contradictory hypotheses. One emphasizes the linguistic role and predicts a left lateralization of tone perception, while the other emphasizes the physical property and predicts a right lateralization of tone perception. Both hypotheses have their supporting evidence.
No previous tone lateralization studies have analyzed the underlying factors. Following the philosophy that language is built upon multiple cognitive functions, I further examine the effects of semantic memory and pitch processing on the lateralization of tones in various language tasks. My findings help bridge the previous theoretical discrepancies and unify the conflicting experimental results regarding tone lateralization.
Shuai, Lan
Adviser: William S-Y. Wang.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-01, Section: B, page: .
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-153).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract also in Chinese.
Steed, William James. "Lishui Wu tone and tone sandhi : an acoustically-based description". Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150520.
Pełny tekst źródła"Perceptual normalization of inter- and intra-talker variations in tone categorization: 声调感知中话者间及话者内差异的归一化". 2014. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6116151.
Pełny tekst źródła第一,在一个跨语言研究中,我发现不同语音系统的结构会影响听者听辨多个话者所发的声调。普通话听者可以不靠语境准确地听辨多个话者所发的声调,而广东话听者则被多个话者间的音高差异误导。这一不同可以归根于广东话声调系统中存在多个调型相同的平调。这一发现有助理解不同语音系统的结构对于话者差异的影响的抵抗力。
第二,我发现而广东话听者需要语境以估计某一话者的单调范围来帮助判断平调。带有相同基频信息的言语语境和非言语语境的作用不同。非言语语境的作用很小,而言语语境,无论是否有语义,都有作用,不过有语义的言语语境作用更大。
关于语境归一化的神经基础,我最早在N400 时间窗(250-500 毫秒)发现了归一化效应。这说明言语语境提供话者的音高参照以准确地分析词的语音特征,帮助词义提取。当归一化以一种自上而下的方式实施时,归一化的发生不晚于音素加工阶段(PMN,220-350 毫秒)。这些探索性的EEG 研究是最早考察语境归一化的神经基础的研究。
第三,我提出了一个关于语音在大脑中表征的混合模型,以整合两种对立的观点。这个模型中,低层表征是实际听到的不同话者所说的语音的例子,高层表征则是反映不同话者间语音相似性的更为抽象的表征。我找到了一些初步的支持证据,比如语音辨认的准确性与话者的音高在群体分布中的典型性有显著相关。这说明高层的表征形式是由一个语言社区中话者音高的总体分布所决定的。这一模型需要被进一步检验,比如通过语言习得研究,考察习得新语音范畴时低层和高层表征的动态发展。
总之,本论文对于理解语音系统的结构有帮助,并且阐明了语境归一化的机制和神经基础以及语音的多层表征形式。但是还有很多未解决的问题有待进一步考察。
How humans achieve constancy in the perception of color, visual object and auditory object despite the tremendous variation is a fundamental question in cognitive neuroscience. An important way that the brain tackles variation is through reliance on the context, which provides a reference for the perception of an object. In speech perception, it is critical to achieve phonetic constancy above the inter- and intra-talker variation in speech signals. According to the context-dependent normalization mechanism, listeners adapt to a talker’s phonetic space via the context (i.e., neighboring sounds of a speech sound to be recognized). This contextually built phonetic space serves as a reference for compensating for talker variation. In this thesis, I have examined the question of phonetic constancy using lexical tones as a case study.
Firstly, in a cross-linguistic study, I found that the structure of phonological inventories influences categorization of multi-talker tone stimuli. Mandarin listeners correctly categorized multi-talker stimuli without contexts, whereas Cantonese listeners were misguided by acoustic variation between talkers, a difference attributable to the existence of multiple level tones with a similar F0 contour in Cantonese. This finding has implications for understanding the structure of phonological inventories in terms of resistance to talker variability.
Secondly, I found that Cantonese listeners could resolve the ambiguity of level tones by adapting to talker-specific pitch references via a context. Speech and nonspeech contexts contribute unequally to talker adaptation. Nonspeech contexts have a minimal effect, whereas speech contexts, no matter meaningful or not, facilitate adaptation, but congruent semantic content further enlarges the facilitatory effect.
As for the neural locus of context-dependent normalization, I found normalization effects in the N400 time-window (250-500 ms). It indicates that speech contexts facilitate retrieval of semantic memory, by providing talker-specific references to accurately assess the phonetic property of a word. When implemented in a top-down manner, context-dependent normalization occurs no later than the phonemic level of processing (Phonological Mapping Negativity, 220-350 ms). These EEG studies, though exploratory, are among the first to examine the neural processes of context-dependent normalization.
Thirdly, I proposed a hybrid model of mental representations to reconcile two opposite views. In this model, at a lower level are encountered exemplars of speech sounds from different talkers, and at a higher level are abstract representations that reflect the general similarity of speech sounds across talkers. I found initial evidence for this model, such as a significant correlation between the identification accuracy and the typicality of a talker’s pitch range in the population distribution, which suggests that higher-level representations are shaped by the global distribution of talkers’ vocal characteristics in a community. This model needs to be further tested in studies on language learning to examine dynamic development of talker-specific and abstract representations for new phonological categories.
In conclusion, this thesis has implications for understanding the structure of phonological inventories in the world’s languages; it also sheds light on mechanisms and neural processes of context-dependent normalization and the hybrid nature of mental representations. Many unresolved questions remain to be examined in future studies.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Zhang, Caicai.
Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-194).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
Zhang, Caicai.
Mattock, Karen, University of Western Sydney i of Arts Education and Social Sciences College. "Perceptual reorganisation for tone : linguistic tone and non-linguistic pitch perception by English language and Chinese language infants". 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27010.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
"Intonation-lexical tone transfer in the second language acquisition of Mandarin". 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896826.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-194).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Intonation´ؤlexical tone transfer --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- Unresolved issues of intonation-lexical tone transfer --- p.8
Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives of this study --- p.10
Chapter 1.4 --- Hypotheses of intonation-lexical tone transfer in L2 Mandarin --- p.12
Chapter 1.5 --- Methodology and experimental results --- p.13
Chapter 1.6 --- Major findings and conclusions --- p.15
Chapter 1.7 --- Outline of the thesis --- p.16
Chapter 2 --- "Background of Mandarin, English, and Japanese prosody" --- p.18
Chapter 2.1 --- Prosodic phonology --- p.19
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Defining the components of prosody --- p.19
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Theoretical basis for intonation and lexical tone inter- action --- p.23
Chapter 2.2 --- Mandarin prosody --- p.32
Chapter 2.3 --- English prosody --- p.41
Chapter 2.4 --- Japanese prosody --- p.49
Chapter 2.5 --- Summary of prosodic similarities and differences --- p.54
Chapter 3 --- Previous studies of intonation and lexical tone acquisition --- p.61
Chapter 3.1 --- Second language acquisition --- p.62
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Interlanguage --- p.62
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Defining transfer --- p.63
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Theories of L2 phonological acquisition --- p.66
Chapter 3.2 --- Comparison of first and second language acquisition --- p.71
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Lexical tone --- p.71
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Intonation --- p.74
Chapter 3.3 --- L1 intonation transfer in Mandarin L2 lexical tone acquisition --- p.77
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Initial hypotheses of intonation-lexical tone transfer --- p.77
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Experimental studies claiming intonation-lexical tone transfer --- p.85
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Unaddressed issues of previous studies --- p.91
Chapter 4 --- Methodology of production and perception experiments --- p.94
Chapter 4.1 --- Hypotheses --- p.94
Chapter 4.2 --- Design --- p.97
Chapter 4.3 --- Subjects --- p.101
Chapter 4.4 --- Procedures --- p.102
Chapter 4.5 --- Data transcription and statistical analysis --- p.105
Chapter 5 --- Results of production and perception experiments --- p.108
Chapter 5.1 --- Production experiment results --- p.108
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Effect of lexical tone category on pitch production --- p.109
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Effect of sentence type on pitch production --- p.119
Chapter 5.1.3 --- Summary of tone production results --- p.126
Chapter 5.2 --- Perception experiment results --- p.128
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Effect of lexical tone category on lexical tone identifi- cation --- p.128
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Effect of sentence type on lexical tone identification --- p.136
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Summary of tone perception results --- p.143
Chapter 6 --- Discussion of experimental results and intonation-lexical tone transfer hypothesis --- p.146
Chapter 6.1 --- Analysis of experimental results --- p.147
Chapter 6.1.1 --- Lack of postlexical tone transfer --- p.148
Chapter 6.1.2 --- Postlexical tone prior to lexical tone acquisition --- p.156
Chapter 6.1.3 --- Factors in lexical tone errors --- p.166
Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations of methodological design --- p.170
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Size of experimental data sample --- p.170
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Proficiency levels and testing --- p.172
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Method of elicitation --- p.173
Chapter 7 --- Conclusions --- p.177
Chapter 7.1 --- Summary --- p.177
Chapter 7.2 --- Implications --- p.178
Chapter 7.2.1 --- Prosodic phonology --- p.178
Chapter 7.2.2 --- Second language acquisition --- p.180
Chapter 7.3 --- Future Work --- p.181
Chapter A --- Production Experiment Materials --- p.195
Chapter A.l --- Wordlist --- p.195
Chapter A.2 --- Sentences --- p.196
Chapter B --- Perception Experiment Materials --- p.199
Chapter B.l --- Wordlist --- p.199
Chapter B.2 --- Sentences --- p.200
Chapter C --- F0 contours of target word productions --- p.203
"Perceptual reorganisation for tone : linguistic tone and non-linguistic pitch perception by English language and Chinese language infants". Thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27010.
Pełny tekst źródła"Categorical perception of lexical tones: behavioral and psychophysiological study". Thesis, 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074889.
Pełny tekst źródłaFinally, for the first time in the literature, the thesis also reported that even though a tone contrast (i.e., level vs. rising) is present in both tone systems, the same contrast is perceived differently by the two groups of subjects by virtue of their different language experiences.
Four factors were studied. They were (1) intrinsic acoustic properties of pitch contours by comparison between continua of level tones and contour tones; (2) positions of target syllables relative to context (without contextual sentence, at the beginning and at the end of the contextual sentence); (3) language backgrounds by comparison between listeners with different tone experiences; and (4) carrier syllables (real word, non word, and nonspeech). Three temporal stages were studied in the same experimental paradigm. They were (1) the preattentive stage investigated through the mismatch negativity (MMN); (2) the attentive stage investigated through the P300; and (3) the overt response stage investigated through the hit rate data.
Pitch contour or its acoustic correlate, fundamental frequency (F0), distinguishes lexical meanings in tone languages. Two topics on CP of lexical tones were studied in the thesis: (1) the factors influencing CP, and (2) the temporal process of CP. These two topics were investigated through both behavioral and event-related-potential (ERP) methods on Cantonese and Mandarin tones.
Speech sounds vary across different conditions and subjects; nevertheless, listeners perceive the phonemes without difficulties. Categorical perception (CP) occurs when listeners map the varying speech sounds into discrete phonemic categories. In CP, to discriminate a pair of stimuli that cross a category boundary is much easier than those that lie within the same category, even though both pairs are separated by an equal physical difference. CP is one of the important properties essential for speech perception.
Zheng, Hongying.
Adviser: William Shi-Yuan Wang.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 72-04, Section: A, page: .
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-194).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract also in Chinese; appendix 2 in Chinese.
Chang, Seung-Eun 1971. "The phonetics and phonology of South Kynugsang Korean tones". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3553.
Pełny tekst źródła"An Efficient tone classifier for speech recognition of Cantonese". Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5886946.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991.
Bibliography: leaves 106-108.
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Preliminary Considerations --- p.8
Chapter 2.1 --- Tone System of Cantonese --- p.8
Chapter 2.2 --- Tone Classification Systems --- p.14
Chapter 2.3 --- Design of a Speech Corpus --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Feature Parameters for Tone Classification --- p.22
Chapter 3.1 --- Methodology --- p.22
Chapter 3.2 --- Endpoint Detection and Time Alignment --- p.23
Chapter 3.3 --- Pitch --- p.27
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Pitch Profile Extraction --- p.28
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Evaluation of Pitch Profile --- p.33
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Feature Parameters Derived from Pitch Profile --- p.40
Chapter 3.4 --- Duration --- p.46
Chapter 3.5 --- Energy --- p.49
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Energy Profile Extraction --- p.49
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Evaluation of Energy Profile --- p.50
Chapter 3.6 --- Summary --- p.54
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Implementation of the Tone Classification System --- p.56
Chapter 4.1 --- Intrinsic Pitch Estimation --- p.59
Chapter 4.2 --- The Classifier --- p.63
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Neural Network --- p.64
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Post-Processing Unit --- p.74
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Performance Evaluation on the Tone Classification System --- p.76
Chapter 5.1 --- Single Speaker Tone Classification --- p.77
Chapter 5.2 --- Multi-Speaker and Speaker Independent Tone Classification --- p.82
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Classification with no Phonetic Information --- p.83
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Classification with Known Final Consonants --- p.88
Chapter 5.3 --- Confidence Improvement of the Recognition Results --- p.95
Chapter 5.4 --- Summary --- p.101
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusions and Discussions --- p.102
References --- p.106
Chapter Appendix A --- Vocabulary of the Speech Corpus --- p.A1-A4
Chapter Appendix B --- Statistics of the Pitch Profiles --- p.Bl-Bl5
Chapter Appendix C --- Statistics of the Energy Profiles --- p.Cl-Cl1
RESULTS
"Tone sandhi of prosodic word in Suzhou Chinese". 2013. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549329.
Pełny tekst źródła本文针对舒声调为首音节的多音节词的变调规律,回答了如下问题:(i)苏州话连续变调为何存在三层变调行为,而非两层或者四层?(ii)首音节保持原调的变调行为及它较高的负载声调的能力是由什么决定的?(iii)其余音节所负载的变调是如何决定的?
经过分析,我们将苏州话的变调域确认为韵律词,其内部结构如下:每个韵律词的头两个音节构成一个左重双拍音步,剩余的音节不构成音步因而直接被韵律词所管辖。由此苏州话的三层变调行为可以通过这三类音节在韵律词中的不同地位来解释,即:(i)首音节是左重双拍步中的强音节; (ii)第二个音节是左重双拍步中的弱音节; (iii)其余音节因不属于音步而被韵律词直接管辖。
基于对苏州话韵律结构的分析,本文以优选论为框架从理论上统一解释苏州话的连续变调。首先忠实性制约条件“禁止删除强音节单字调和“禁止强音节单字调变化 解释了首音节尽量保留原调的变调行为。其次,“禁止复杂仄调“,“禁止升调“和“禁止弱音节负载仄调这些简约性制约条件解释了现今苏州话连读变调模式中不允许出现复杂仄调,升调和非首音节仄调的现象。再次,“尾音节连接低调解释了连读变调后韵律词尾音节所负载的低平调。
本文通过对音译词和复合词的分类考察,补充了前人对苏州话连读变调现象的描述。而且在以往理论研究的基础上,本文论证了苏州话的连读变调是由它的韵律结构所决定的,由此补足了苏州话变调现象的理论解释。最后,本文对苏州话的分析也进一步印证了韵律结构的层级关系和韵律单位是人类语言所共有的,但韵律单位的构建在不同语言中则各有不同。
This thesis presents an optimality-theoretic account of Suzhou tone sandhi from a prosodic perspective. By investigating transliterations and compounds, we find a three-way distinction of tone sandhi behavior within a tone sandhi domain: (i) the initial syllable has the ability to retain its citation tone; (ii) the second syllable carries a sandhi level tone related to the citation tone in the initial syllable; and (iii) the remaining syllables carry a low level tone.
Focusing on the tone sandhi patterns with initial long tones, we answer the following research questions: (i) what determines the existence of a three-way distinction of tone sandhi behavior, rather than a two-way or four-way one? (ii) what determines the tone stability and the greater tone-bearing ability of the initial syllable? and (iii) how are the sandhi tones in the non-initial syllables determined?
The tone sandhi domain in Suzhou Chinese is identified as the prosodic word, which contains a single left-headed binary foot and unfooted syllables. The three-way distinction is then captured by the three prosodic states in a prosodic word: (i) the strong syllable in the left-headed binary foot within the prosodic word, (ii) the weak syllable in this foot, and (iii) the syllables which are unfooted and immediately dominated by the prosodic word.
Based on the analysis of Suzhou prosodic structure, our account of Suzhou tone sandhi is formulated within the framework of Optimality Theory. First, ranking the positional faithfulness constraints with reference to strong syllables higher than the context-free faithfulness constraints guarantees the tone stability of the initial syllables. Second, the undominated markedness constraints which require no complex contour tone and no rising tone trigger contour tone reduction and tone redistribution. Another undominated markedness constraint which requires no contour tone in weak syllables ensures no contour tones in a weak syllable, i.e. a non-initial syllable in Suzhou Chinese. Third, the final low level tone in the sandhi patterns is determined by the markedness constraint which requires low tone assignment in the rightmost syllable of a prosodic word.
This thesis complements the descriptive studies on Suzhou tone sandhi, by adding the data of transliterations and investigating compounds according to the morphological relations. It also confirms the idea in previous theoretical studies on Chinese languages that prosodic structure governs tone sandhi, including the tone stability in strong syllables and the greater tone-bearing ability of strong syllables. This thesis further corroborates the idea in Prosodic Phonology that the prosodic hierarchy and its constituent are universal, though the precise shape of the constituent are language-specific.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Shi, Xinyuan.
"November 2012."
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references.
Abstracts also in Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.I
Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- OVERVIEW --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- PRELIMINARY: PHONETIC INVENTORIES OF SUZHOU CHINESE --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: OPTIMALITY THEORY --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Basic principles --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Conflicts between markedness and faithfulness --- p.9
Chapter 1.3.3 --- Alignment constraints --- p.9
Chapter 1.4 --- ORGANIZATION --- p.10
Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- INVESTIGATION OF TONE SANDHI PATTERNS IN SUZHOU CHINESE --- p.11
Chapter 2.1 --- DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES ON TONAL PHONOLOGY OF SUZHOU CHINESE --- p.11
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Citation tones --- p.11
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Tone sandhi --- p.15
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Interim summary --- p.21
Chapter 2.2 --- TONE SANDHI PATTERNS IN SUZHOU CHINESE: THE CURRENT INVESTIGATION . --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Tone sandhi patterns in transliterations --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Tone sandhi patterns beginning with long tones --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- Tone sandhi patterns beginning with short tones --- p.28
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Tone sandhi patterns in compounds --- p.32
Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Tone sandhi patterns in compounds I: modification --- p.34
Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Tone sandhi patterns in compounds II: coordination --- p.38
Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Tone sandhi patterns in compounds III: other morphological relations --- p.40
Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- Intra-variations in disyllabic compounds: [HL.L]~[HL.H] --- p.42
Chapter 2.2.2.5 --- Inter-speaker variations in compounds: [LL.H]~[LH.H] --- p.44
Chapter 2.2.2.6 --- Tone sandhi in a group of frequently used compounds --- p.46
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Tone sandhi in fast tempo --- p.50
Chapter 2.3 --- SUMMARY --- p.53
Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- PREVIOUS STUDIES OF TONE SANDHI IN CHINESE LANGUAGES --- p.57
Chapter 3.1 --- STUDIES OF THE REPRESENTATION OF TONE WITHIN THE SPE FRAMEWORK --- p.57
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Wang’s (1967) ground-breaking proposal of tone features --- p.58
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Woo’s (1969) proposal of decomposing contour tones --- p.59
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Yip’s (1980) proposal of two pitch heights in each register --- p.61
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Interim summary --- p.63
Chapter 3.2 --- STUDIES OF TONE SANDHI IN NORTHERN WU WITHIN THE METRICAL-AUTOSEGMENTAL FRAMEWORK --- p.64
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Duanmu’s (1990) moraic analysis of tone re-association in New Shanghai --- p.65
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Ao’s (1993) identification of tone sandhi domain in Nantong Chinese --- p.66
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Interim summary --- p.69
Chapter 3.3 --- STUDIES OF TONAL DISTRIBUTION WITHIN OT FRAMEWORK --- p.71
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Jiang-King’s (1996) tone-syllable weight correlation in Northern Min --- p.71
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Zhang’s (2001) tone-duration correlation in typological survey --- p.73
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Interim summary --- p.74
Chapter 3.4 --- SUMMARY --- p.76
Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- AN OPTIMALITY THEORETICAL ACCOUNT OF TONE SANDHI IN SUZHOU CHINESE --- p.77
Chapter 4.1 --- IDENTIFYING THE TONE SANDHI DOMAIN --- p.78
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Identifying prosodic word as the tone sandhi domain --- p.78
Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Brief introduction of the prosodic hierarchy --- p.78
Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Prosodic categories relevant to Suzhou tone sandhi --- p.80
Chapter 4.1.1.3 --- Construction of prosodic word in Suzhou Chinese --- p.82
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Identifying morpho-syntactic unit as the tone sandhi domain --- p.86
Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Inadequacy of identifying morphological unit as the tone sandhi domain --- p.89
Chapter 4.1.2.2 --- The relation between tone sandhi domains and morphological units --- p.91
Chapter 4.1.2.3 --- Mismatch between tone sandhi domain and syntactic unit --- p.93
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Interim summary --- p.95
Chapter 4.2 --- CONSTRAINTS ON SUZHOU TONE SANDHI PATTERNS --- p.96
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Constraints on the structure of the prosodic word --- p.96
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Constraints on tone retention --- p.99
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Constraints on contour tone prohibition --- p.101
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Constraint on tonal assignment --- p.102
Chapter 4.3 --- PREDICTING TONE SANDHI PATTERNS BY CONSTRAINT RANKING --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Predicting tone sandhi patterns in transliterations --- p.104
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Predicting tone sandhi patterns in compounds --- p.110
Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Intra-speaker variations in compounds: [HL.L]~[HL.H] --- p.110
Chapter 4.3.2.3 --- Inter-speaker variations in compounds: [LL.H]~[LH.L] --- p.113
Chapter 4.3.2.4 --- Tone sandhi in fast speech tempo --- p.117
Chapter 4.4 --- SUMMARY --- p.119
Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONCLUSION --- p.120
LIST OF REFERENCES --- p.125
Schwanhäuβer, Barbara, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts i MARCS Auditory Laboratories. "Lexical tone perception and production : the role of language and musical background". 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/31791.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Chin, Jessica L. "Hakka tone training for native speakers of tonal and nontonal languages". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:51633.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchwanhäuβer, Barbara. "Lexical tone perception and production : the role of language and musical background". Thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/31791.
Pełny tekst źródła