Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Tocotrienol

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Tocotrienol”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 25 stycznia 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Tocotrienol"

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Che, Hui-Ling, Doryn Meam-Yee Tan, Puvaneswari Meganathan, Yee-Lin Gan, Ghazali Abdul Razak i Ju-Yen Fu. "Validation of a HPLC/FLD Method for Quantification of Tocotrienols in Human Plasma". International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/357609.

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Quantification of tocotrienols in human plasma is critical when the attention towards tocotrienols on its distinctive properties is arising. We aim to develop a simple and practical normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography method to quantify the amount of four tocotrienol homologues in human plasma. Using both the external and internal standards, tocotrienol homologues were quantified via a normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector maintained at the excitation wavelength of 295 nm and the emission wavelength of 325 nm. The four tocotrienol homologues were well separated within 30 minutes. A large interindividual variation between subjects was observed as the absorption of tocotrienols is dependent on food matrix and gut lipolysis. The accuracies of lower and upper limit of quantification ranged between 92% and 109% for intraday assays and 90% and 112% for interday assays. This method was successfully applied to quantify the total amount of four tocotrienol homologues in human plasma.
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Shah, Sumit J., i Paul W. Sylvester. "Tocotrienol-induced cytotoxicity is unrelated to mitochondrial stress apoptotic signaling in neoplastic mammary epithelial cells". Biochemistry and Cell Biology 83, nr 1 (1.02.2005): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o04-127.

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Tocotrienols and tocopherols represent the 2 subgroups within the vitamin E family of compounds, but tocotrienols display significantly greater apoptotic activity against a variety of cancer cell types. However, the exact mechanism mediating tocotrienol-induced apoptosis is not understood. Studies were conducted to determine the effects of tocotrienols on mitochondrial-stress-mediated apoptotic signaling in neoplastic +SA mammary epithelial cells grown in vitro. Exposure for 24 h to 0–20 µmol/L γ-tocotrienol resulted in a dose–responsive increase in +SA cells undergoing apoptosis, as determined by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V staining. However, tocotrienol-induced apoptosis was not associated with a disruption or loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, or the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, as determined by JC-1 flow cytometric staining and ELISA assay, respectively. Interestingly, apoptotic +SA cells showed a paradoxical decrease in mitochondrial levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bid, Bax, and Bad, and a corresponding increase in mitochondrial levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, suggesting that mitochondrial membrane stability and integrity might actually be enhanced for a limited period of time following acute tocotrienol exposure. In summary, these findings clearly demonstrate that tocotrienol-induced apoptosis occurs independently of mitochondrial stress apoptotic signaling in neoplastic +SA mammary epithelial cells.Key words: breast cancer, tocotrienols, apoptosis, mitochondria, Bcl-2.
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Lachman, Jaromír, Alena Hejtmánková, Zora Kotíková, Martin Dědina, Radomíra Střalková i Vladimír Hönig. "Stability of Grape Seed Oil and its Antioxidant Tocotrienols". Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (wrzesień 2014): 370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.370.

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For the experiment three different storage conditions were chosen: storage at room temperature of 22 °C in the light and in the dark and in the dark in a refrigerator at 4 °C. Parameters monitored were: peroxide value and changes in the content of α-, γ-and δ-tocotrienols and α - and γ-tocopherols during storage for 210 days (30 weeks). The peroxide value is an indicator of the content of primary oxidation products of oils. From analytical analyses results that the greatest destruction of grape oil occurs during storage at room temperature and access of light, where a peroxide value increased up to 484 meq. O2/kg oil). The least intrusive method of storage was in terms of temperature refrigerator (4 °C) in the dark, when during 30 days of storage peroxide value had risen only to 71.9 meq. O2/kg oil. Between these values ​​were values stored at room temperature in the dark (after 30 weeks storage 196 meq. O2/kg oil). From these parameters is clearly showed that to the stability of oil contribute significantly both factors - temperature and light conditions. The same trend was also found in tocotrienols. At room temperature and access of light was complete decomposition of α-tocotrienol in the 9th week of storage, γ-tocotrienol at 30 weeks of storage and δ-tocotrienol in the 18th week of storage. The most stable seems γ-tocotrienol > δ-tocotrienol > α-tocotrienol. When stored in the refrigerator in the dark, there was practically no decomposition of α-, γ-and δ-tocotrienols whose contents remained completely unchanged.
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Mo, Huanbiao, Wei Wei, Sophie Yount, Zachary Allen, Katherine Bechdol, Weiming Xia i Angela Mabb. "δ-Tocotrienol Increases Hippocampal Network Excitability Through Upregulation of GluA1-Containing AMPA Receptors". Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29.05.2020): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa057_041.

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Abstract Objectives A common feature of aging and several neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease is the downregulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, which results in a decrease in excitatory neurotransmission. Tocotrienols, vitamin E with an isoprenoid side chain, have been shown to suppress inflammation and the prenylation of proteins that regulate neuronal functions. Accumulating evidence suggests that tocotrienols may promote cognitive improvement in hippocampal-dependent learning tasks. We hypothesized that tocotrienols could promote cognitive improvement via increasing excitatory synaptic transmission. Methods To test our hypothesis, we measured surface levels of GluA1 in cultured primary hippocampal neurons from postnatal mice treated with 1 μmol/L δ-tocotrienol using an on-cell western blot. Aβ40 and Aβ42 secreted in the media were quantified using an ELISA-based assay. Alterations in excitatory synaptic transmission induced by δ-tocotrienol were confirmed by performing whole cell voltage patch clamp recordings of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Results Surface GluA1 was increased after 24 hours of treatment with 1 μmol/L δ-tocotrienol. δ-Tocotrienol (1 μmol/L) also significantly decreased the level of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in hippocampal culture media. Moreover, a significant increase was observed in sEPSC amplitudes but not sEPSC frequency in neurons treated with δ-tocotrienol. Conclusions δ-Tocotrienol promotes cognitive improvement via increases in AMPA receptor mediated neurotransmission and may be beneficial in restoring early stage excitatory synaptic dysfunction in aging and neurological disease. Funding Sources American River Nutrition Inc. and the Whitehall Foundation (Grant 2017–05-35).
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Yuen, Kah Hay, Jia Woei Wong, Ai Beoy Lim, Bee Hong Ng i Wai Peng Choy. "Effect of Mixed-Tocotrienols in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects". Functional Foods in Health and Disease 1, nr 3 (31.03.2011): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v1i3.136.

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Background: Studies on the cholesterol lowering activity of tocotrienols have yielded mixed results, with some showing cholesterol lowering effect while some showing no activity.Aim: A randomized, double-blind, parallel group study was conducted to investigate the cholesterol lowering activity of tocotrienols. Methods: Thirty-two hypercholesterolemic subjects were randomly assigned to orally receive either 300 mg of mixed tocotrienols capsules daily or placebo capsules containing 300 mg of soya bean oil for a period of 6 months. The subjects were monitored before supplementation and monthly thereafter for their serum cholesterol as well as tocotrienol and tocopherol concentrations.Results: The serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of the subjects in the tocotrienol supplementation group were decreased significantly by -8.9 ± 0.9% and -12.8 ± 2.6% respectively after 4 months of supplementation and the reduction persisted till the end of the 6-month study, with a reduction of -10.8 ± 1.0% and -17.3 ± 1.8%, respectively from baseline. Moreover, there was a 22-fold increase in the total tocotrienol concentrations from baseline during supplementation compared to the placebo group, while the concentration of α-tocopherol recorded only a modest increase. On the other hand, the serum cholesterol, total tocotrienol and α-tocopherol concentrations of subjects in the placebo group remained essentially unchanged.Conclusions: Supplementation with mixed tocotrienols at dose of 300 mg per day resulted in the lowering of the serum total and LDL cholesterol levels after 5 months of supplementation.Keywords: tocotrienols, cholesterol-lowering, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, tocopherols
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Serbinova, Elena A., i Lester Packer. "Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Palm Oil Vitamin E". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 15, nr 2 (czerwiec 1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659401500213.

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The present study assessed the antioxidant properties of α -tocopherol, α -tocotrienol, and palm oil vitamin E, which contained 45% tocopherols and 55% tocotrienols. When vitamin E-deficient rats were fed either α -tocopherol- or α -tocotrienol-enriched diets, α -tocotrienol accumulated in the hearts and liver more slowly than α -tocopherol. The rate of lipid peroxidation induced in vitro in heart homogenate from rats supplemented with α -tocotrienol was approximately two-thirds as high as that from rats with an equivalent concentration of α -tocopherol. Thus palm oil vitamin E may be more efficient than α -tocopherol alone in protecting the heart against injury from ischaemia and reperfusion. In addition, supplementation with α -tocopherol or α -tocotrienol protects skeletal muscles against exercise-induced increases in protein oxidation Thus palm oil vitamin E protects biological systems against both lipid and protein oxidation.
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Suminar, Mentari Mayang, i Mahdi Jufri. "PHYSICAL STABILITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY ASSAY OF A NANOEMULSION GEL FORMULATION CONTAINING TOCOTRIENOL". International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 9 (30.10.2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.74_81.

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Objective: Tocotrienols have an antioxidant potential higher than that of tocopherols. Nanoemulsion gel can deliver tocotrienols into the skin toprevent skin damage caused by free radicals and improve the stability of the dosage form. The present study aimed to determine the physical stabilityand antioxidant activity of a nanoemulsion gel formulation containing tocotrienol.Methods: The tocotrienol nanoemulsion was made using tocotrienols, oleic acid, Tween 80, 96% ethanol, and propylene glycol. The gel base was madeusing a carbomer and triethanolamine. A physical stability test was conducted at three different temperatures, namely, low temperature (4±2°C),room temperature (27±2°C), and high temperature (40±2°C). The antioxidant activity was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl methodfor determining inhibitory concentration (IC50) values.Results: Formula 1 demonstrated the best physical stability, with a pH of 6.2. The droplet size of the tocotrienol nanoemulsion gel was 596 nm, witha zeta potential value of −27.1 nm. The IC50 of the tocotrienol nanoemulsion gel was 6252.14 ppm.Conclusion: The nanoemulsion gel formulation retained antioxidant activity and was physically stable for 8 weeks.
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Nair, Anroop B., Bapi Gorain, Manisha Pandey, Shery Jacob, Pottathil Shinu, Bandar Aldhubiab, Rashed M. Almuqbil, Heba S. Elsewedy i Mohamed A. Morsy. "Tocotrienol in the Treatment of Topical Wounds: Recent Updates". Pharmaceutics 14, nr 11 (16.11.2022): 2479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112479.

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Healing wounds is an important attempt to keep the internal higher organs safe. Complications in topical wound healing may lead to the formation of scars, which can affect the patient’s quality of life. Although several approaches are ongoing in parallel in the exploration of natural compounds via advanced delivery, in this article, an attempt has been made to highlight tocotrienol. Tocotrienol is a natural form of vitamin E and has shown its potential in certain pharmacological activities better than tocopherol. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cell signal-mediating effects, angiogenic properties, management of scar, and promotion of wound environment with essential factors have shown potential in the management of topical wound healing. Therefore, this review has aimed to focus on recent advances in topical wound healing through the application of tocotrienols. Challenges in delivering tocotrienols to the topical wound due to its large molecular weight and higher logP have also been explored using nanotechnological-based carriers, which has made tocotrienol a potential tool to facilitate the closure of wounds. Exploration of tocotrienol has also been made in human volunteers for biopsy wounds; however, the results are yet to be reported. Overall, based on the current findings in the literature, it could be inferred that tocotrienol would be a viable alternative to the existing wound dressing components for the management of topical wounds.
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Mohd Fozi, Nur Farhana, James Jam Jolly, Kien Hui Chua, Ekram Alias, Kok Yong Chin i Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. "Comparing the Effects of Alpha-Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Isomers on Osteoblasts hFOB 1.19 Cultured on Bovine Bone Scaffold". Sains Malaysiana 50, nr 8 (31.08.2021): 2319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5008-15.

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Tocotrienol mixtures have been shown to exert anabolic actions on the skeletal system in animal studies, but it is unclear which tocotrienol isomer shows the most prominent effects. This study aims to investigate the most active tocotrienol isomers using hFOB 1.19 human osteoblasts cultured on a bovine bone scaffold. The bovine trabecular bone was sectioned, demineralised and freeze-dried to form the scaffold. hFOB 1.19 osteoblasts were cultured on the bone scaffolds in humidified condition at 37 °C and 5% carbon dioxide with vitamin E isomers (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol). The cell differentiation capacity of tocotrienol isomers was investigated through morphological observation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin expression. Changes in the bone scaffolds were determined using histomorphometry methods. Osteoblast culture treated with gamma- and delta-tocotrienols showed a significant increase in ALP activity and osteocalcin expression. Bone structural histomorphometry analysis showed that bone scaffolds treated with gamma- and delta-tocotrienol showed significant increases in bone volume and trabecular thickness. In conclusion, gamma- and delta-tocotrienol show the most prominent bone anabolic effects by increasing osteoblast differentiation and enhancing bone microstructure.
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Numan, Abdul Hadi, i Mei Han Ng. "Selective Separation of Tocol Homologues by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents". Trends in Sciences 20, nr 2 (30.11.2022): 6432. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6432.

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In this paper we examined the potential of choline-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for selective extraction of tocol homologues from crude palm oil (CPO) through liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Distribution of tocol homologues (α-tocopherol, α-, β, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol) presence in CPO when subjected to DES-assisted LLE has not been fully understood in the past. The effect of increasing the amount of DES on the distribution and selectivity of were investigated. It was found that tocol homologues were distributed in the order of their hydrophilic power, with tocols of higher polarity distributed more into the stripping phase compared to the less polar tocols. Distribution coefficients for α-tocopherol, α-, β, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol were 7.8, 13.1, 19.8, 22.1 and 29.6, respectively, when equal weight of CPO and choline chloride-malonic acid eutectic mixture (DES1) were used. The distribution of each tocol homologues also increased with increasing DES1, due to the increase in polarity of the stripping phase that attracted more tocols. Selectivity of δ-tocotrienol, which is the most polar tocol, was always higher than other homologues (α-tocopherol: 3.81, α-tocotrienol: 2.22, β-tocotrienol: 1.50, γ-tocotrienol: 1.34). Role of hydrophilic power of the tocols using selected DESs to selectively separate tocol homologues established in this paper has a potential for palm oil industry as tocotrienols are better antioxidants, thus more favorable, than α-tocopherol. HIGHLIGHTS Tocopherols and tocotrienols in palm oil products are usually extracted for nutritional capsules and dietary products formulations using high-end techniques which are costly. Liquid-liquid extraction is a cheap technique which can be carried out at ambient conditions but with low selectivity A series of choline-based eutectic solvents, a new generation of green chemicals, were formulated for targeted separation of, specifically five tocol homologues present in crude palm oil; α-tocopherol, α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol Unique combination of the eutectic solvents and liquid-liquid extraction resulted in selective separation of tocol homologues depending on the polarity of the tocols. Tocotrienols, having higher polarity and better antioxidative power than tocopherols, can be selectively extracted with the right deep eutectic solvents made from choline chloride, malonic acid, and citric acid GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Tocotrienol"

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Tan, Sue See. "Antioxidant properties of tocopherol and tocotrienol". Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494987.

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Tocopherols and tocotrienols are very important antioxidants in biological systems. This thesis describes a study of the effect of structure and environmental conditions on the stability and antioxidant activity of tocopherols and tocotrienols in lipoxygenasecatalysed oxidation and in heated oils at elevated temperatures. In the first phase of the project, the mechanism by which α-, β- ,γ-, and δ-tocopherol homologues inhibit lipoxygenase catalysed oxidation of linoleic acid was studied. Primary oxidation products formed during lipoxygenase catalysed oxidation were monitored by determination of conjugated diene formation at 234 nm.
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Park, Han-A. "Natural Vitamin E, α-Tocotrienol, as a Neuroprotectant". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1291061955.

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Fu, Ju Yen. "Preparation and evaluation of tumour-targeted delivery systems for tocotrienol". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22629.

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Tocotrienol, a group of compounds present in vitamin E, has gained much attention in recent years for its tumour suppressive properties on cancer cells. However, its therapeutic potential was hampered by the limited ability to reach tumours specifically after intravenous administration. In this study, we aim to develop a formulation of tocotrienol that could be specifically delivered to tumours upon intravenous administration through the use of a tumour-targeted delivery system. Transferrin is an iron transporter whose receptors are often over-expressed in cancer cells due to high iron demand for tumour growth. Conjugation of transferrin to drug delivery systems appeared to be an attractive tool for selective receptor-mediated tumour delivery of therapeutic drugs. The objectives of this study are therefore (1) to prepare and characterize transferrin-bearing vesicles encapsulating tocotrienol and (2) to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the therapeutic and targeting efficacies of this therapeutic system. This work corresponds to the first preparation of a tumour-targeted delivery system able to encapsulate tocotrienol. The grafting of transferrin to tocotrienol-loaded vesicles demonstrated an improved therapeutic efficacy of tocotrienol to at-least 15-fold compared to free tocotrienol in vitro. Intravenous administration of tocotrienol therapeutic systems led to significant tumour regression and improvement in animal survival in murine xenograft models without visible toxicity. In conclusion, our findings showed that tocotrienol encapsulated in transferrin-bearing vesicles is a highly promising therapeutic system, leading to possible eradication of tumours as a result of significant improvement in tocotrienol therapeutic efficacy.
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Gerling, Eva-Maria [Verfasser]. "Stabilität von Vitamin E (α-Tocotrienol, α- Tocopherol, γ-Tocotrienol und γ-Tocopherol) in Rohwürsten und Pökellake: Einfluss von Zusatzstoffen und Lagerung / Eva-Maria Gerling". Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073848388/34.

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Rosa, Maria Thereza de Moraes Gomes 1986. "Aplicação e potencial das tecnologias de micronização e emulsificação para o processamento de produtos alimentícios e farmacêuticos = Applications and potential of micronization and emulsification technologies in food and pharmaceutical processing". [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254914.

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Orientadores: Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate, Diego Tresinari dos Santos
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T12:15:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosa_MariaTherezadeMoraesGomes_D.pdf: 4902896 bytes, checksum: aef7e5c464da3869257ebd47ad538611 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: O presente trabalho de doutorado está dividido em dois temas principais, um sobre o uso da tecnologia supercrítica para a formação de partículas e outro sobre o uso do ultrassom para a formulação de emulsões. A revisão da literatura sobre o estado da arte do emprego do CO2 supercrítico para formação de micro e nanopartículas e encapsulação mostrou as potencialidades do uso desta tecnologia. A unidade usada para os experimentos de micronização via tecnologia supercrítica foi desenvolvida pelo grupo de pesquisa e validada utilizando uma substância modelo, o sal de ibuprofeno sódico. Esse fármaco foi selecionado devido às informações sobre o sistema CO2-Ibuprofeno encontradas na literatura. O efeito das condições operacionais (temperatura, pressão, vazão da solução, vazão do CO2, tipo de injetor e concentração de ibuprofeno sódico na solução etanólica) no rendimento de precipitação, teor de solvente residual, morfologia das partículas e consumo energético por unidade de produto processado foi investigado utilizando o método split-plot. Sal de ibuprofeno sódico foi micronizado com sucesso via Antissolvente Supercrítico (SAS) utilizando a unidade construída. A vazão de CO2 influenciou estatisticamente no rendimento de precipitação, enquanto que, não houve influência das condições operacionais no teor de solvente residual das partículas micronizadas. Com a apropriada seleção das condições operacionais, foi possível a obtenção de partículas de ibuprofeno sódico com morfologia de folha, sendo ideal para os processos de compressão do fármaco, com baixo teor de solvente residual e alto rendimento de precipitação. Neste trabalho também foi explorado o uso do ultrassom para a formulação de emulsões, contendo extrato rico em 'delta'-tocotrienol, com o intuito de aumentar o valor agregado deste extrato obtido das sementes de urucum por extração supercrítica com dióxido de carbono. As sementes de urucum já são valiosas pela característica de produzir pigmentos, a bixina e a norbixina. Contudo, essas sementes também vêm adquirindo notoriedade por conter outras substâncias de importância para a saúde do homem, como tocoferóis, tocotrienóis e geranil geraniol. Devido à importância desses compostos bioativos, que apresentam propriedades antioxidade, hidratante e fotoprotetora, este estudo visou o desenvolvimento de métodos para formação de emulsões permitindo a proteção desses compostos instáveis às condições adversas, aumentando assim o valor agregado dos extratos obtidos das sementes de urucum. Extrato de raiz de ginseng brasileiro, rico em saponinas, foi utilizado como biossurfactante. Adicionalmente, emulsões foram obtidas utilizando um homogeneizador tipo dispersor de fase múltipla na mesma densidade energética que foi aplicada no ultrassom. A influência do processo de emulsificação, densidade energética, concentração do biosurfactante, tipo de óleo e de biosurfactante no tamanho de gota e estabilidade da emulsão foi investigada. Os resultados indicaram que o extrato rico em saponinas pode ser uma boa opção para formulação de emulsões para aplicação em produtos alimentícios. Miniemulsões, com tamanho de gota variando entre 0,35 e 0,83 µm, foram obtidas, sendo que os menores tamanhos de gota foram observados empregando o extrato de raiz de ginseng e o ultrassom. O processo de emulsificação influenciou estatisticamente a estabilidade das emulsões
Abstract: The presented doctoral work is divided into two main themes under which one is about the use of supercritical technology for particle formation and the another one about the use of ultrasound for emulsion formulation. A literature review about the state of the art in using supercritical CO2 for micro and nanoparticles formation and encapsulation showed the potential of this technology. A homemade experimental apparatuses constructed by our research group and used for micro and nanoparticles formation has been validated using a model substance, the ibuprofen sodium salt. This drug was selected due to the literature information of the CO2-Ibuprofen system. The effect of operational conditions (temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate, solution flow rate, injector and concentration of ibuprofen sodium in the ethanol solution) on the precipitation yield, energy consumption per unit of manufactured product, residual solvent content and particle morphology have been investigated using split-plot designs. Ibuprofen sodium salt was successfully micronized by Antisolvent Supercritical (SAS) using the constructed unit. The CO2 flow rate influenced the precipitation yield at statistically significant levels meanwhile none operating parameters did influence the residual solvent content in the micronized particles. Selecting appropriate process conditions, it has been shown to facilitate the production of homogeneous sheet-like microparticles of ibuprofen particles, the best for tableting purposes, with low residual solvent and high precipitation yield. In this work, the use of ultrasound has been also explored for fabricating microemulsion of 'delta'-tocotrienol-rich oil in order to add value to these extracts obtained from annatto seeds using supercritical extraction (SFE). The main pigments of annatto seeds are bixin and norbixin, wich are valuable natural colorants. However, these seeds have acquired notoriety by containing other important substances for human health, such as tocopherols, tocotrienols and geranylgeraniol. Due to the bioactive compounds importance, which have moisturizers, sunscreens and antioxidant properties, this study aimed to develop methods for emulsion formulation enabling the protection of these unstable compounds to adverse conditions, thus increasing the value of extracts from annatto seeds. Saponin-rich extract from Brazilian ginseng roots was used as biosurfactant. Additionally, emulsion was generated through mechanical stirring by dispax Reactor at the same energy density than ultrasound. The influence of the emulsification process, energy density, oil type, biosurfactant type and biosurfactant concentration on the size and stability of the resulting droplets was investigated. The results indicated that saponin-rich extract might be an attractive biosurfactant choice for emulsion formulations for use in food and beverage products. Mini-emulsions were obtained in this work; their droplet sizes ranged from 0.35 to 0.83 µm, saponin-rich extract and ultrasound gave the smallest droplet size. The emulsification process significantly affected the emulsion stability values
Doutorado
Engenharia de Alimentos
Doutora em Engenharia de Alimentos
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Fobi, Kwabena, Bronson Lynn i Abbas Gholipour Shilabin. "Extraction, Purification, and Characterization of Radioprotective Agent gamma-Tocotrienol Isomer in Palm Oil". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/188.

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The clinical consequences of ionizing radiation exposure remain one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Much research has been carried out to discover a potential countermeasure for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) without success. The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has not accepted any effective and harmless ionizing radiation therapy agents (radioprotectors) for treating ARS. It has recently been discovered that g-tocotrienol (GT-3), one of the E vitamers chiefly present in palm oil, has radioprotective abilities in mice and nonhuman primate (NHP) models. Though GT-3 is one of the most promising countermeasures discovered, the separation and purification from other vitamers or its matrix is difficult. This has limited its characterization, derivatization, and biomedical application. We have therefore designed novel chromatographic methods to optimize separation and purification. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to ascertain the best solvent system for column chromatography (CC). Exactly 8% ethyl acetate in hexane employed in TLC and CC resulted in good separation (Rf ≥ 0.3) and purification. Various fractions presumed to contain GT-3 were collected and analyzed to confirm the exact structure using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, and GC-MS. Results obtained so far have revealed the exact structure of the compound. However, some traces of impurities have been indicated by the NMR outcomes; therefore, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) will be used to maximize GT-3 purification. This present study will be instrumental in elucidating the biochemical structure of various complex plant bioactive components that are hard to isolate and analyze. It is envisioned that this work will help to erase the knowledge deficit in medicinal chemistry and assist in the development of new medications for ARS.
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Muenyi, Christian Mbangha. "Vitamin E (Tocotrienols) and Prostate Cancer: A Proteomics Approach". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2126.

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Proteomics is the large scale study of proteins in cells or organisms. The purpose of this study was to characterize the proteomic alterations occurring in a prostate cancer (LNCaP) cell line after treatment with delta-tocotrienol (a form of vitamin E not very prevalent from most dietary sources). We found that both gamma- and delta-tocotrienols induced time and concentration dependent growth inhibition and programmed cell dead (apoptosis) in LNCaP cells. Secondly, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) to characterize changes in protein expression levels associated with this treatment. Our results show that a specific set of proteins are regulated at both early and late times following treatment with delta-tocotrienol and these proteins have been characterized by their apparent molecular weights and isoelectric points. The alteration observed at early time points are particularly interesting because these changes are likely to reflect the underlying molecular mechanisms for triggering cancer cell death.
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Moka, Nagaishwarya, Kelley cross, Marianne Brannon, Janet Lightner, Megan Dycus, William Stone, Victoria Palau i Koyamangalath Krishnan. "Delta-tocotrienol and simvastatin induces differential cytotoxicity and synergy in BRAF wild-type SK-MEL-2 and mutant BRAF SK-MEL-28 melanoma cancer cells". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/215.

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Targeting the mutant BRAF and immunotherapy are new approaches to the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma that has significantly improved survival but is associated with significant toxicity and cost. Potent and specific BRAF inhibitors like vemurafenib and dabrafenib are superior to chemotherapy in treatment of BRAF mutant melanomas which represent nearly 50% of all melanomas. A less toxic approach to treatment of malignant melanoma is hence appealing. Delta-tocotrienol (DT3), an unsaturated vitamin E isoform, and simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor have been shown to have anti-neoplastic properties. We studied the effects of these chemicals in both BRAF-mutated SK-MEL-28 and BRAF-wild type SK-MEL-2 melanoma cells. MTS assays were used to analyze cytotoxicity. SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-2 cells were cultured in MEM media containing 10% serum and plated in 96-well culture plates for 48 hours then treated with DT3 (0-80 µM), simvastatin (0-10 µM), or a combination and dosed again at 72 hours. SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-2 cells were grown in 60 mm plates and treated with DT3 at concentrations of 30 µM, simvastatin at concentrations of 10 µM and combination of DT3 and simvastatin at concentrations of 10 µM and 2 µM. Cell were lysed with RIPPA buffer with protease and phosphatase inhibitor after 6 hours of treatment. Protein concentration of cell lysates was measured spectrophotometrically (GLO Max Multi+, Promega), using a BCA protein assay kit. The samples were run in SDS PAGE and blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes. Membranes were incubated with antibodies against Hsp 70 (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY), Hsp 90 (Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX), pS6 and pERK (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA) and pAKT. Using MTS assay, we found that DT3 (IC50 75.2 μM) and simvastatin (IC50 8.3μM) have cytotoxic effects on melanoma cell line SK-MEL-2, but not on the SK-MEL-28 cells DT3 and simvastatin at the concentrations studied (10-80 μM DT3) and (0.625- 10 μM simvastatin). Further studies determined that simvastatin decreased expression of pS6, pERK on SK-MEL-2 and not DT3. However, these effects are different in SK-MEL-28 cells where there is only decrease in expression of pS6; treated SK-MEL-2 cells also show over-expression of Hsp70 suggestive of a rescue effect leading to lesser cytotoxic activity. The selective cytotoxicity observed in wild type BRAF melanoma cell lines by DT3 and simvastatin warrants further research into the potential therapeutic use of these drugs. A differential cytotoxicity is shown by DT3 and simvastatin in malignant melanoma cells with selective more potency in wild type BRAF melanoma compared to mutant BRAF melanoma cells. Further studies will be undertaken to dissect the mechanistic basis of this differential response.
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Shipley, Lindsey C. BS, Harika MD Balagoni, Janet Lightner, Victoria PhD Palau i Koyamangalath MD Krishnan. "15 Lox 1 Up-regulation and Cytotoxicity with γ-tocotrienol in HCT-116 Colon Cancer Cells". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/154.

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Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and the third most common cancer in men and women. Vitamin E is a lipid soluble antioxidant that exists as eight structurally different isoforms of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Recent experimental, and molecular studies suggest that γ-tocotrienol (GT3) may be a more potent cancer-preventive form of vitamin E. 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) and its product 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE) are decreased in colon cancer cells. 15 LOX-1 is considered a tumor suppressor gene in colon carcinogenesis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced 15-LOX-1 expression is critical to aspirin and NSAID-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. HCT-116 is a microsatellite-instability (MSI) colon cancer cell line. MSI is a marker of chemo-resistance but is associated with improved survival as compared to microsatellite-stable (MSS) colon cancers. The effects of GT3 on cytotoxicity and 15 LOX-1 expression was studied on the human colon cancer cell line HCT-116. HCT-116 colon cancer cell lines were cultured in DMEM media and dosed with increasing concentrations of GT3 (20µM-50µM). Cytotoxicity of the drugs was studied using Cell Titer Glo and MTS assays 24 hours after dosing. Cells were then plated in 6-well plates and grown for 24 hours. Cells were then dosed with 2 mL of GT3 at 20 uM at the respective time periods (2h, 4h, 6h, 12h, 16h, 24h) and lysates were harvested. Gel electrophoresis was run according to BCA protein assay from the time-dependent lysates and blots were tagged with a rabbit 15-lox antibody. Ongoing experiments include RNA PCR. RNA is being isolated at 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours. The RNA as reversed transcribed using a 15 lox 1 primer and that cDNA is being quantified using Quantitative PCR. GT3 induced cytotoxicity in MTS assay and Cell Titer Glo assay when added to HCT-116 cell line. 15 LOX 1 protein expression was found to be up-regulated in the colon cancer cell line HCT-116 when GT3 was added at 12h, 16h and 24h with the maximum expression at 16 hours. Chemotherapeutic drugs can have significant side effects. Understanding the role of GT3 on colon cancer cell lines could lead to the development of novel drugs to supplement current chemotherapy regimens and allow for lower doses of chemotherapeutic agents. Modulation of 15-LOX-1 suggests that GT3 may induce apoptosis through induction of the lipoxygenase pathway. Further experiments are under way to study the mechanism of action of GT3 on the 15 LOX-1 pathway. Since HCT-116 is a MSI- colon cancer cell line, effects of GT3 on MSS- colon cancer cell lines will also be studied.
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Luk, Sze-ue. "The potential effect of bioactive food supplements in targeting prostate cancer stem cells". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43223795.

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Książki na temat "Tocotrienol"

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R, Watson Ronald, i Preedy Victor R, red. Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2008.

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Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols. Wyd. 2. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2013.

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Bourgeois, Claude. Determination of vitamin E: Tocopherols and tocotrienols. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.

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Gu, Fan. Investigations towards the synthesis of isotope labelled analogues of tocopherols and tocotrienols. St. Catharines, Ont: Brock University, Dept. of Chemistry, 2006.

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Watson, Ronald R., Victor R. Preedy i Ronald Ross Watson. Tocotrienols: Vitamin E Beyond Tocopherols. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Froemming, Gabriele, Abdul Manaf Ali, Hapizah Nawawi i Suhaila Abd Muid. Pure Tocotrienols and Tocotrienol-Tocopherol Mixed Fraction As Anti-atherosclerotic Agents. Independently Published, 2018.

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Tan, Barrie, Ronald Ross Watson i Victor R. Preedy, red. Tocotrienols. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12502.

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Watson, Ronald Ross, i Victor R. Preedy, red. Tocotrienols. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420080391.

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Abdullah, Azman, i Ahmed Atia. Palm Oil-Derived Natural Vitamin E : ITS ROLE in CELLULAR PROTECTION and NRF2/KEAP1 SIGNALING: The Role of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction of Palm Oil in Health Protection. Eliva Press, 2020.

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Watson, Ronald R., Victor R. Preedy i Barrie Tan. Tocotrienols: Vitamin e Beyond Tocopherols. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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Części książek na temat "Tocotrienol"

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Nakagawa, Kiyotaka, Phumon Sookwong i Teruo Miyazawa. "Tocotrienol Fortification in Eggs". W Handbook of Food Fortification and Health, 265–73. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7076-2_21.

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Biswas, Nirupam, i Savita Khanna. "Tocotrienol Vitamin E and Neurodegenerative Disorders". W Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 229–39. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429319310-18.

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Chin, Kok-Yong, Kok-Lun Pang i Ima-Nirwana Soelaiman. "Tocotrienol and Its Role in Chronic Diseases". W Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 97–130. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_5.

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Chopra, Kanwaljit, i Vinod Tiwari. "Tocotrienol and Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Alcohol". W Alcohol, Nutrition, and Health Consequences, 181–202. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-047-2_14.

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Yamashita, K. "Dietary tocotrienol and UVB-induced skin damage". W Handbook of diet, nutrition and the skin, 164–77. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-729-5_10.

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Teoh, M. K., M. K. Chong i M. Jamaludin. "Effects of Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E on Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease". W Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications, 606–21. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7432-8_48.

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Sylvester, Paul W. "The Role of Lipid Rafts in Mediating the Anticancer Effects of γ-Tocotrienol". W Vitamin E in Human Health, 125–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05315-4_10.

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Hayes, K. C., A. Pronczuk, J. S. Liang i S. Lindsey. "Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Plasma Transport and Tissue Concentrations: Implications for Their Relative Biological Functions". W Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications, 105–22. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7432-8_10.

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Ghosh, Sanchita, Martin Hauer-Jensen i K. Sree Kumar. "Gamma-Tocotrienol". W Tocotrienols, 379–98. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420080391.ch27.

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Pilolli, Francesca, Marta Piroddi, Elisa Pierpaoli, Silvia Ciffolilli, Mauro Provinciali i Francesco Galli. "δ-Tocotrienol". W Tocotrienols, 117–34. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12502-10.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Tocotrienol"

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Shaharom, R. R. S., M. N. Nayan, M. M. N. Radzi, R. Akbar i S. A. Jusoh. "Molecular docking study of a tocotrienol and P-glycoprotein". W 2013 IEEE Symposium on Computers & Informatics (ISCI). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isci.2013.6612393.

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Nasibah, A., M. H. Rajikin, M. N. K. Nor-Ashikin i A. S. Nuraliza. "Tocotrienol improves the quality of impaired mouse embryos induced by corticosterone". W 2012 IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering Research (CHUSER). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chuser.2012.6504297.

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Fayyad, Ahmed Abu, Mohammad Kamal, Amal Kaddoumi, Saeed Alqahtani i Sami Nazzal. "PEGylation Enhances the Oral Bioavailability of γ-Tocotrienol Isomer of Vitamin E". W 2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sbec.2016.26.

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Tiwari, RV, P. Parajuli i PW Sylvester. "Abstract P3-03-12: Gamma-tocotrienol induces autophagy in malignant mammary tumor cells". W Abstracts: Thirty-Sixth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium - Dec 10-14, 2013; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p3-03-12.

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Chakraborty, Kanishka, Victoria P. Ramsauer, Janet W. Lightner, William L. Stone i Koyamangalath Krishnan. "Abstract 2106: Gamma-tocotrienol upregulates the ceramide transporter, Arv-1, in pancreatic cancer cells." W Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-2106.

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Akl, Mohamed R., Bilal Abuasal, Amal Kaddoumi i Paul W. Sylvester. "Abstract 3045: Sesamin synergistically potentiates the anticancer effects of γ-tocotrienol in mammary tumor cells". W Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-3045.

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Husain, Kazim, Said M. Sebti i Mokenge P. Malafa. "Abstract 1098: Delta-tocotrienol chemosensitizes human pancreatic tumor metastasis to gemcitabine targeting cancer stem cells". W Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1098.

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Gopalan, Archana, Weiping Yu, Bob G. Sanders i Kimberly Kline. "Abstract 4223: Gamma-tocotrienol and simvastatin target TIC and EMT populations in drug-resistant breast cancer". W Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-4223.

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Pimiento, Jose M. "Abstract 1630: Vitamin E delta-tocotrienol prevents azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis progression in Fisher-344 rats". W Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-1630.

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Moore, Christine A., Janet W. Lightner, Michelle Duffourc i Koyamangalath Krishnan. "Abstract 3977: γ-Tocotrienol and metformin are cytotoxic to prostate cancer cell lines and exhibit synergy". W Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3977.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Tocotrienol"

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Stone, William L., K. Krishnan i Sharon Campbell. Tocotrienols and Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453328.

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Lampi, Anna-Maija. Analysis of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols by HPLC. AOCS, sierpień 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.40389.

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