Artykuły w czasopismach: „Time-Of-Use tariffs of electricity”

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Andruszkiewicz, Jerzy, Józef Lorenc i Agnieszka Weychan. "Price-Based Demand Side Response Programs and Their Effectiveness on the Example of TOU Electricity Tariff for Residential Consumers". Energies 14, nr 2 (7.01.2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020287.

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Demand side response is becoming an increasingly significant issue for reliable power systems’ operation. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure high effectiveness of such programs, including electricity tariffs. The purpose of the study is developing a method for analysing electricity tariff’s effectiveness in terms of demand side response purposes based on statistical data concerning tariffs’ use by the consumers and price elasticity of their electricity demand. A case-study analysis is presented for residential electricity consumers, shifting the settlement and consequently the profile of electricity use from a flat to a time-of-use tariff, based on the comparison of the considered tariff groups. Additionally, a correlation analysis is suggested to verify tariffs’ influence of the power system’s peak load based on residential electricity tariffs in Poland. The presented analysis proves that large residential consumers aggregated by tariff incentives may have a significant impact on the power system’s load and this impact changes substantially for particular hours of a day or season. Such efficiency assessment may be used by both energy suppliers to optimize their market purchases and by distribution system operators in order to ensure adequate generation during peak load periods.

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Andruszkiewicz, Jerzy, Józef Lorenc i Agnieszka Weychan. "Price-Based Demand Side Response Programs and Their Effectiveness on the Example of TOU Electricity Tariff for Residential Consumers". Energies 14, nr 2 (7.01.2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020287.

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Demand side response is becoming an increasingly significant issue for reliable power systems’ operation. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure high effectiveness of such programs, including electricity tariffs. The purpose of the study is developing a method for analysing electricity tariff’s effectiveness in terms of demand side response purposes based on statistical data concerning tariffs’ use by the consumers and price elasticity of their electricity demand. A case-study analysis is presented for residential electricity consumers, shifting the settlement and consequently the profile of electricity use from a flat to a time-of-use tariff, based on the comparison of the considered tariff groups. Additionally, a correlation analysis is suggested to verify tariffs’ influence of the power system’s peak load based on residential electricity tariffs in Poland. The presented analysis proves that large residential consumers aggregated by tariff incentives may have a significant impact on the power system’s load and this impact changes substantially for particular hours of a day or season. Such efficiency assessment may be used by both energy suppliers to optimize their market purchases and by distribution system operators in order to ensure adequate generation during peak load periods.

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Sundt, Swantje, Katrin Rehdanz i Jürgen Meyerhoff. "Consumers’ Willingness to Accept Time-of-Use Tariffs for Shifting Electricity Demand". Energies 13, nr 8 (13.04.2020): 1895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081895.

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Time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs represent an instrument for demand side management. By reducing energy demand during peak times, less investments in otherwise necessary, costly, and CO2 intensive redispatch would be required. We use a choice experiment (CE) to analyze private consumers’ acceptance of TOU tariffs in Germany. In our CE, respondents choose between a fixed rate tariff and two TOU tariffs that differ by peak time scheme and by a control of appliances’ electricity consumption during that time. We use a mixed logit model to account for taste heterogeneity. Moreover, investigating decision strategies, we identify three different strategies that shed light on drivers of unobserved taste heterogeneity: (1) Always choosing the status quo, (2) always choosing the maximum discount, and (3) choosing a TOU tariff but not always going for the maximum discount. Overall, about 70% of our 1398 respondents would choose a TOU tariff and shift their electricity demand, leading to a decline in energy demand during peak times. Rough estimates indicate that this would lead to significant savings in electricity generation, avoiding up to a mid to large-sized fossil-fuel power plant.

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Sundt, Swantje. "Influence of Attitudes on Willingness to Choose Time-of-Use Electricity Tariffs in Germany. Evidence from Factor Analysis". Energies 14, nr 17 (31.08.2021): 5406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175406.

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Time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs are a demand side measure to ease balancing of demand and supply to cope with a rising share of renewables in a country’s electricity mix. In general, consumers require compensation for accepting these tariffs. This study analyzes how attitudes drive consumers’ willingness to choose a TOU tariff in Germany. To identify attitudinal profiles, I use an exploratory factor analysis on items capturing positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, climate change awareness, and belief in energy saving measures. I use these factors as predictors in an ordered logit specification to estimate consumers’ stated willingness to choose a TOU tariff. Three factors are significant: positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, and climate change awareness. These findings highlight that decision makers who aim at balancing demand and supply through the use of TOU tariffs should focus on informing consumers about the positive impacts of these tariffs on climate change mitigation, grid stability, and possible energy savings.

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Rathod, Ravindra R., i Rahul Dev Garg. "Design of electricity tariff plans using gap statistic for K-means clustering based on consumers monthly electricity consumption data". International Journal of Energy Sector Management 11, nr 2 (5.06.2017): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-02-2016-0005.

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Purpose Electricity consumption around the world and in India is continuously increasing over the years. Presently, there is a huge diversity in electricity tariffs across states in India. This paper aims to focus on development of new tariff design method using K-means clustering and gap statistic. Design/methodology/approach Numbers of tariff plans are selected using gap-statistic for K-means clustering and regression analysis is used to deduce new tariffs from existing tariffs. The study has been carried on nearly 27,000 residential consumers from Sangli city, Maharashtra State, India. Findings These tariff plans are proposed with two objectives: first, possibility to shift consumer’s from existing to lower tariff plan for saving electricity and, second, to increase revenue by increasing tariff charges using Pay-by-Use policy. Research limitations/implications The study can be performed on hourly or daily data using automatic meter reading and to introduce Time of Use or demand based tariff. Practical implications The proposed study focuses on use of data mining techniques for tariff planning based on consumer’s electricity usage pattern. It will be helpful to detect abnormalities in consumption pattern as well as forecasting electricity usage. Social implications Consumers will be able to decide own monthly electricity consumption and related tariff leading to electricity savings, as well as high electricity consumption consumers have to pay more tariff charges for extra electricity usage. Originality/value To remove the disparity in various tariff plans across states and country, proposed method will help to provide a platform for designing uniform tariff for entire country based on consumer’s electricity consumption data.

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Muratov, Khakim, Kamoliddin Kadirov, Alijon Kushev i Xulkaroy Yusupaliyeva. "Increase efficiency at the expense of changing the working mode using time-differentiated tariffs". E3S Web of Conferences 563 (2024): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456301011.

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This article is devoted to the issue of the role of tariffs in the energy system and the creation of methods for managing and improving electricity consumption regimes with the correct use of tariff periods in electricity consumption. Taking into account the above-mentioned issue, it is possible to smooth the load schedule of the system of electrical energetics by managing the power consumption regimes of industrial enterprises with the correct use of tariff periods. The use of a time-differentiated tariff system for electricity consumption will increase the energy efficiency of industrial enterprises and settling the load schedule the system of electrical energetics.

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Fayziyev, Makhmanazar, Yunus Ochilov, Komoliddin Nimatov i Ruslan Mustayev. "Analysis of payment priority for electricity consumed in industrial enterprises on the base of classified tariffs". E3S Web of Conferences 384 (2023): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338401039.

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The following issues are considered and resolved in the article: the advantage of using tariffs stratified by time to increase the efficiency of electricity consumption by industrial enterprises; Analysis of the tariff system in the electric power system of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the essence of the effectiveness of the application of differentiated tariffs; In order to justify the application of time-differentiated tariffs, the electricity consumption of the industrial enterprise is analyzed; parameters of electricity consumption are optimized according to different tariffs. In order to regulate the load schedule of the energy system using time-graded tariffs in the morning and evening “peak” periods, a method of reducing the load in "peak" periods is proposed in exchange for increasing energy consumption in the night periods.

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Zeng, Zhiqiang, Xiaobin Chen i Kaiyao Wang. "Energy Saving for Tissue Paper Mills by Energy-Efficiency Scheduling under Time-of-Use Electricity Tariffs". Processes 9, nr 2 (31.01.2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020274.

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Environmental concerns and soaring energy prices have brought huge pressure of energy saving and emission reduction to tissue paper mills. Electricity is one of the main energy sources of tissue paper mills. The production characteristics of tissue paper mills make it easy to decrease energy cost by using time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs. This study investigates the bi-objective energy-efficiency scheduling of tissue paper mills under time-of-use electricity tariffs, the objectives of which are makespan and energy cost. First, considering the processing energy cost, setup energy cost, and transportation energy cost, an energy cost model of a tissue paper mill under TOU electricity tariffs is established. Second, the energy-efficiency scheduling model under TOU electricity tariffs is built based on the energy cost model. Finally, on the basis of decomposition and teaching–learning optimization, this study proposes a novel multi-objective evolutionary algorithm and further combined with the variable neighborhood search to solve the problem. The case study results demonstrate that our study of tissue paper mill energy saving is feasible, and the proposed method has better performance than the existing methods.

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Zaki, Dina A., i Mohamed Hamdy. "A Review of Electricity Tariffs and Enabling Solutions for Optimal Energy Management". Energies 15, nr 22 (15.11.2022): 8527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228527.

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Today, electricity tariffs play an essential role in the electricity retail market as they are the key factor for the decision-making of end-users. Additionally, tariffs are necessary for increasing competition in the electricity market. They have a great impact on load energy management. Moreover, tariffs are not taken as a fixed approach to expense calculations only but are influenced by many other factors, such as electricity generation, transmission, distribution costs, and governmental taxation. Thus, electricity pricing differs significantly between countries or between regions within a country. Improper tariff calculation methodologies in some areas have led to high-power losses, unnecessary investments, increased operational expenses, and environmental pollution due to the non-use of available sustainable energy resources. Due to the importance of electricity tariffs, the authors of this paper have been inspired to review all electricity tariff designs used worldwide. In this paper, 103 references from the last ten years are reviewed, showing a detailed comparison between different tariff designs and demonstrating their main advantages and drawbacks. Additionally, this paper reviews the utilized electricity tariffs in different countries, focusing on one of the most important countries in the Middle East and North Africa regions (Egypt). Finally, some recommended solutions based upon the carried-out research are discussed and applied to the case study for electricity tariff improvement in this region. This review paper can help researchers become aware of all the electricity tariff designs used in various countries, which can lead to their design improvements by using suitable software technologies. Additionally, it will increase end-users’ awareness in terms of deciding on the best electricity retail markets as well as optimizing their energy usage.

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Kаdirov, Kamoliddin, Khakim Muratov i Аlijon Kushev. "Possibilities of managing electricity consumption through the application of time-classified tariffs". E3S Web of Conferences 434 (2023): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343401009.

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This manuscript is devoted to the issue of smoothing the load schedule of enterprises in “peak” periods in return for using the results of energy audits and applying a system of time-classified tariffs. Considering the mentioned issue above, using the results of the energy inspection and using the system of time-classified tariffs will create an opportunity to achieve smoothing the load schedule of the electric power system during “peak” periods. The use of the time-classified tariff system by consumers will reduce the loading period of the electric power system and change its regimes.

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Andruszkiewicz, Jerzy, Józef Lorenc i Agnieszka Weychan. "Demand Price Elasticity of Residential Electricity Consumers with Zonal Tariff Settlement Based on Their Load Profiles". Energies 12, nr 22 (13.11.2019): 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224317.

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The concept of price elasticity of demand has been widely used for the assessment of the consumers’ behavior in the electricity market. As the residential consumers represent a significant percentage of the total load, price elasticity of their demand may be used to design desirable demand side response programs in order to manage peak load in a power system. The method presented in this study proposes an alternative approach towards price elasticity determination for zonal tariff users, based on comparisons of load profiles of consumers settled according to flat and time-of-use electricity tariffs. A detailed explanation of the proposed method is presented, followed by a case-study of price elasticity determination for residential electricity consumers in Poland. The forecasted values of price elasticity of demand for the Polish households using time-of-use (TOU) tariff vary between −1.7 and −2.3, depending on the consumers’ annual electricity consumption. Moreover, an efficiency study of residential zonal tariff is performed to assess the operation of currently applicable electricity tariffs. Presented analysis is based on load profiles published by Distribution System Operators and statistical data, but the method can be applied to the real-life measurements from the smart metering systems as well when such systems are accessible for residential consumers.

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Muratov, Khakim, Kamoliddin Kаdirov i Аlijon Kushev. "Possibilities of applying time-classified tariffs in “smoothing” the loading graph of the electric energy system". E3S Web of Conferences 434 (2023): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343401008.

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In this paper, the impact of the use of time-classified tariffs on the electricity system is considered. That is, the possibility of adjusting the loads on the existing substation in the morning and evening “peak” periods was assessed. In exchange for using the results of the energy audit and applying the system of time-classified tariffs, it will be possible to achieve smoothing of the load schedule of the electric power system during “peak” periods. Consumers’ use of the time-classified tariff system will reduce the loading period of the electric power system and change its regimes.

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Liu, Yuting, i Jaedo Song. "A Comparative Study of Consumer Preferences for Residential Electricity Tariffs: Progressive Tariffs and Time-of-Use Tariffs". Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society 48, nr 4 (30.11.2023): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7737/jkorms.2023.48.4.069.

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Napierała, Michał. "A Study on Improving Economy Efficiency of Pumping Stations Based on Tariff Changes". Energies 15, nr 3 (22.01.2022): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030799.

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In this paper, research on improving the economic efficiency of 38 drainage pumping stations was undertaken. Particular attention was paid to the effectiveness of activities without considering any expenditures. Energy costs for this type of machine are usually high, approximately 45% of the total maintenance cost. The main assumption of this work was the selection of appropriate energy tariffs to reduce operating costs. Liquid transport in any economy consumes significant amounts of electricity, estimated at 20–30% of the total electricity production. The optimization of the energy consumption of pumping processes is, therefore, very important. While analyzing the choice of energy tariffs, we designed profitability ratios (PR) specifically for different daily time zones. With the forecasted distribution of energy demands for different daily time zones (usually 2 or 3 zones), it was possible to compare multi-zone tariffs with 24 h tariffs. The profitability of the tariffs was decided by the value of the PR indicator. The lower, the better. In practice, this meant that the analyzed multi-zone tariffs, in most cases, are more profitable compared to single-zone tariffs. In the Polish energy system, each entrepreneur, depending on the connection power, has a right to choose a particular energy tariff from three tariff groups, i.e., high (A), medium (B), and low (C) voltage. In the case of land reclamation pumping stations, energy tariffs are usually from groups B and C. The choice of tariffs largely depends on the contracted capacity and is determined by tariff regulation. Nowadays, the current energy system forces entrepreneurs to declare a connected power load at the level corresponding to the maximum use of the production potential. Lack of knowledge of the hydrological regime, quite common for land reclamation pumping stations, usually results in overestimating the contracted capacity. When comparing the effect of changing tariffs, it was found that the profitability of this method is significant. The four-year study period (2010–2013) showed that active energy in the multi-part tariffs of groups B and C is on average 10.2% cheaper than in the single-part tariffs and varies in a wide range from 2% to 20.4%. The analysis carried out on 38 drainage pumping stations shows that for only five pumping stations could changing the current tariff be unjustified. In the other cases, the four years of analysis demonstrates that changing the current energy tariff could reduce electricity costs by approximately 5%., i.e., approximately PLN 124,000 per year (approximately EUR 27,000).

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Yunusov, Timur, i Jacopo Torriti. "Distributional effects of Time of Use tariffs based on electricity demand and time use". Energy Policy 156 (wrzesień 2021): 112412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112412.

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Muratov, Khakim, Abdusaid Isakov, Kamoliddin Kadirov i Alijon Kushev. "Investments reduction on developing the generating capacity with differentiated electricity tariffs". E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 05019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340205019.

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The article presents the problems of cost reduction based on the use of a differentiated tariff in the power system. Information on the economic feasibility of the implementation and rational use of differentiated tariffs for various power systems is presented, concerning the introduction of one-rate and two-rate tariffs based on short-term and low-cost measures. It is shown that the transition to a differentiated tariff system plays an important role in increasing the energy efficiency in large industrial enterprises.

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Muratov, Khakim, Kamoliddin Kodirov i Alijon Kushev. "Specification of the system application for the different tariffs during the consumption time of electricity by industrial enterprises". E3S Web of Conferences 304 (2021): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130401006.

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This article is devoted to such issues as smoothing the schedule of loads of manufacturing factories in the “intensive” periods due to the correct use of the system of tariffs, which is stratified by time. It is possible to achieve smoothing of the load schedule of the energy system through the correct use of the time-stratified tariff system by taking into account the above-mentioned issue. Proper use of the time-stratified tariff system by consumers will reduce the load period of the energy system and change its modes.

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Barjaková, Martina, Cameron A. Belton, Karl Purcell i Peter D. Lunn. "Effective communication of time–of–use electricity tariffs: Plain and simple". Utilities Policy 90 (październik 2024): 101798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2024.101798.

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COSKUN, Can, Zuhal OKTAY COŞKUN i Bahadır BİRECİKLİ. "Investigation of the economic aspects of air source heat pump usage for Izmir province". International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies 10, nr 1 (30.06.2023): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.1249609.

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The economic analyses of air source heat pump usage in İzmir was conducted. Effect of heating water temperatures and electricity tariffs on the energy economy were investigated by using hourly outdoor temperature data of İzmir. Single- and multi-rate electricity tariffs for a residence in İzmir province were compared. Preferring the multi-rate electricity tariffs in air source heat pump results in decrease of heating costs. If the energy consumption is priced using a multi-rate tariff, the energy cost will be reduced by 20%. There is a lower temperature requirement for underfloor heating compared to conventional heating. Energy costs in underfloor heating can be lowered compared to natural gas. The hybrid system (Heat pump + natural gas), which allows to use the most economical energy source on an hourly basis, can save 24% compared to the use of only natural gas.

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An, Xiangxin, Lei Cao, Guojin Si, Zhen Chen, Meimei Zheng, Jianfeng Tao i Tangbin Xia. "Energy-conscious maintenance and production scheduling for single machine systems under time-of-use tariffs". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2369, nr 1 (1.11.2022): 012097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2369/1/012097.

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In view of the joint optimization problem of preventive maintenance and production scheduling for modern production systems under time-of-use tariffs, a two-stage joint decision-making policy is proposed to achieve the peak-shifting reduction of production power. In the first stage, a dynamic preventive maintenance schedule is sequentially obtained based on the availability of machine. In the second stage, the production scheduling optimization of multi-workpiece processing is further carried out. The power consumption cost and the delay penalty cost under the time-of-use electricity tariff are considered, and the mixed integer programming model is established to achieve the balance of energy consumption and production delay. Numerical experiments have shown that by reasonably planning the idle time at the time of production batch conversion, the proposed model can effectively shift the on-peak power demand to off-peak, meet the stable electricity demand of enterprises, and improve the sustainable utilization level of power.

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Zhang, Hao, Fu Zhao, Kan Fang i John W. Sutherland. "Energy-conscious flow shop scheduling under time-of-use electricity tariffs". CIRP Annals 63, nr 1 (2014): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2014.03.011.

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Fang, Kan, Nelson A. Uhan, Fu Zhao i John W. Sutherland. "Scheduling on a single machine under time-of-use electricity tariffs". Annals of Operations Research 238, nr 1-2 (18.09.2015): 199–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-015-2003-5.

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Baharin, Nurliyana, Mohamad Fani Sulaima, Nofri Yenita Dahlan i Hazlie Mokhlis. "Evaluation of the time-of-use tariff responsiveness for plug-in electric vehicle home charging in Malaysia". International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 13, nr 4 (1.12.2024): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v13.i4.pp769-776.

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Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVS) have become increasingly popular as a viable transportation option as owners can charge them at home. This will add much energy to the house if the users charge their PEVs at home. The PEV charging load will lead to extra energy demand on the distribution network, and the users will need to pay more for electricity if they use the current domestic tariff in Malaysia. This research aims to analyze the PEV charging costs using time-of-use (ToU) tariffs with different time segmentations and price elasticity. The effect of four residential load profile patterns has also been investigated in Malaysia as a case study. Four PEV charging scenarios were created, and the charging times were set according to Malaysian driving styles, with charging times starting at 6 PM, 10 PM, and 9 AM. The PEV and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) are set to be homogeneous, and the EV was assumed to have a minimum state-of-charge of 20%. The main contribution of this paper is the selection of the ToU tariff segmentation, where the structure of the smallest time segmentation gave the lowest electricity bill per month compared to the Tenaga Malaysia Berhad (TNB) domestic tariff.

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Yurkevich, Olga. "Socio-Economic Consequences of Changes in the Tariff Policy of the Electric Power Industry". E3S Web of Conferences 470 (2023): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202347001042.

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The article examines the current tariff policy for electricity in the Republic of Belarus. There has been a significant disproportion in tariffs between industrial and household consumers, including in comparison with the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union and Europe. The level of electricity cost reimbursement, which causes the problem of cross-subsidization, was analyzed. It’s noted that the share of electricity costs in the household budget has been staying at the same level for a long period of time and remains relatively insignificant. It’s noted that with the continued payment of targeted social benefits to pay for housing and communal services for households with low incomes, taking into account the insignificant share of electricity costs in the household budget, the gradual increase in tariff will not have a significant impact on the financial situation of citizens. At the same time, with an increase in energy tariffs, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the growth of household expenses not only in payments for housing and communal services, but also in electricity costs of companies paid by the population as part of domestic goods and services.

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Gustafsson, Stig-Inge, Anders Lewald i Björn G. Karlsson. "Optimization of bivalent heating systems considering time-of-use tariffs for electricity". Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 9, nr 2 (styczeń 1989): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(89)90076-8.

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Chellamani, Ganesh Kumar, M. Firdouse Ali Khan i Premanand Venkatesh Chandramani. "Supervised electricity tariff prediction using random forest validated through user comfort and constraint for a home energy management scheme". Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, nr 1 (4.01.2021): 745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200722.

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Day-ahead electricity tariff prediction is advantageous for both consumers and utilities. This article discusses the home energy management (HEM) scheme consisting of an electricity tariff predictor and appliance scheduler. The random forest (RF) technique predicts a short-term electricity tariff for the next 24 hours using the past three months of electricity tariff information. This predictor provides the tariff information to schedule the appliances at the most preferred time slot of a consumer with minimum electricity tariff, aiming high consumer comfort and low electricity bill for consumers. The proposed approach allows a user to be aware of their demand and their comfort. The proposed approach makes use of present-day (D) tariff and immediate previous 30 days (D-1, D-2, ... , D-30) of tariff information for training achieves minimum error values for next day electricity tariff prediction. The simulation results demonstrate the benefits of the RF approach for tariff prediction by comparing it with the support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT) predicted tariffs against the actual tariff, provided by the utility day-ahead. The outcomes indicate that the RF produces the best results compared to SVM and DT predictions for performance metrics and end-user comfort.

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Jang, Minseok, Hyun-Cheol Jeong, Taegon Kim i Sung-Kwan Joo. "Load Profile-Based Residential Customer Segmentation for Analyzing Customer Preferred Time-of-Use (TOU) Tariffs". Energies 14, nr 19 (26.09.2021): 6130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196130.

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Smart meters and dynamic pricing are key factors in implementing a smart grid. Dynamic pricing is one of the demand-side management methods that can shift demand from on-peak to off-peak. Furthermore, dynamic pricing can help utilities reduce the investment cost of a power system by charging different prices at different times according to system load profile. On the other hand, a dynamic pricing strategy that can satisfy residential customers is required from the customer’s perspective. Residential load profiles can be used to comprehend residential customers’ preferences for electricity tariffs. In this study, in order to analyze the preference for time-of-use (TOU) rates of Korean residential customers through residential electricity consumption data, a representative load profile for each customer can be found by utilizing the hourly consumption of median. In the feature extraction stage, six features that can explain the customer’s daily usage patterns are extracted from the representative load profile. Korean residential load profiles are clustered into four groups using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with Bayesian information criterion (BIC), which helps find the optimal number of groups, in the clustering stage. Furthermore, a choice experiment (CE) is performed to identify Korean residential customers’ preferences for TOU with selected attributes. A mixed logit model with a Bayesian approach is used to estimate each group’s customer preference for attributes of a time-of-use (TOU) tariff. Finally, a TOU tariff for each group’s load profile is recommended using the estimated part-worth.

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Maka Jishkariani. "ELECTRICITY TARIFFS IN GEORGIA". World Science 1, nr 9(49) (30.09.2019): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30092019/6697.

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Article discusses electricity tariff setting methods, such as: «Rate of Return Regulation», «Price Cup Regulation», «Return Assets Base (RAB)» and «Cost Plus». Meet the interests of electricity producers and consumers are one of the indicators of the health of the electricity sector. At present, the Georgian electricity market is striving to harmonize with EU standards and established electricity tariff methodology should be use the best method to encourage investors to invest in the field and expand their infrastructure while ensuring the reliability and efficiency of electricity supply.

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Alyunov, Alexandr, Olga Vyatkina, Ivan Smirnov, Alexandr Nemirovskiy i Elena Gracheva. "Assessment of efficiency of diesel generators use in distributed energy industry". E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801086.

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The existing methods for calculation electricity tariffs for enterprises are analyzed numerically. The efficiency of diesel generators use for power supply was estimated using a real object as an example. A methodology has been developed for choosing the optimal price category, based on the schedule for consumption of electrical energy of a particular enterprise, taking into account introduction of its own generation in the 0.4 kV network. It is shown how to get the maximum benefit using one of the most affordable and autonomous power sources, taking into account the peculiarities of tariff setting for electricity.

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Che, Ada, Shibohua Zhang i Xueqi Wu. "Energy-conscious unrelated parallel machine scheduling under time-of-use electricity tariffs". Journal of Cleaner Production 156 (lipiec 2017): 688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.018.

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Geng, Kaifeng, Chunming Ye, Zhen hua Dai i Li Liu. "Bi-Objective Re-Entrant Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling considering Energy Consumption Cost under Time-of-Use Electricity Tariffs". Complexity 2020 (22.02.2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8565921.

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Re-entrant hybrid flow shop scheduling problem (RHFSP) is widely used in industries. However, little attention is paid to energy consumption cost with the raise of green manufacturing concept. This paper proposes an improved multiobjective ant lion optimization (IMOALO) algorithm to solve the RHFSP with the objectives of minimizing the makespan and energy consumption cost under Time-of-Use (TOU) electricity tariffs. A right-shift operation is then used to adjust the starting time of operations by avoiding the period of high electricity price to reduce the energy consumption cost as far as possible. The experimental results show that IMOALO algorithm is superior to multiobjective ant lion optimization (MOALO) algorithm, NSGA-II, and MOPSO in terms of the convergence, dominance, and diversity of nondominated solutions. The proposed model can make enterprises avoid high price period reasonably, transfer power load, and reduce the energy consumption cost effectively. Meanwhile, parameter analysis indicates that the period of TOU electricity tariffs and energy efficiency of machines have great impact on the scheduling results.

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Algarvio, Hugo, i Fernando Lopes. "Bilateral Contracting and Price-Based Demand Response in Multi-Agent Electricity Markets: A Study on Time-of-Use Tariffs". Energies 16, nr 2 (5.01.2023): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020645.

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Electrical energy can be traded in liberalized organized markets or by negotiating private bilateral contracts. Competitive markets are central systems where market players can purchase and sell electrical energy. Bilateral contracting consists typically in a private negotiation of power over several months or years between two parties. Price-based demand response considers the active participation of consumers in electricity markets. Consumers adopt demand response programs when responding to market prices or tariffs, as they change over time. Those tariffs can be proposed by retailers by considering their load shape goals, influencing consumers to change their behavior. Consumers may adopt strategies from two different groups, namely by curtailing energy at times of high prices (e.g., peak and intermediate periods) and rescheduling energy away from those times to other times (shifting). This article considers bilateral contracting in electricity markets with demand response. It investigates how curtailment and shifting affect the energy quantity and energy cost of consumers that adopt a time-of-use tariff involving three block periods (i.e., base, intermediate and peak periods). The results indicate that consumers respond to changes in energy price according to their consumption flexibility, while retailers do not always change energy price in response to consumers’ efforts to change their consumption patterns. On average, by considering a 5% consumption reduction in the intermediate and peak periods by a consumer agent, a retailer agent reduces the energy price only by 1.5%.

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Isakov, Abdusaid, Khakim Muratov, Kamoliddin Kadirov i Alijon Kushev. "Characteristics of application of different time rates for electricity consumed in industrial enterprises". E3S Web of Conferences 401 (2023): 05049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340105049.

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The article analyzes the graphs for the period of electricity consumption in industrial enterprises using a system of time-varying tariffs. Residents and settlements, industrial enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, factories, and several electricity-consuming organizations will be able to pay for electricity consumption at reduced prices because of the application of time-varying tariffs during non-peak hours of the day. If a consumer consumes electricity at night, he can pay for each kWh consumed at a price 1.5 times lower than during the day. Consumers pay less for electricity, which lowers the cost of production. This, in turn, will allow power generating and power supply organizations to ensure the long-term operation of the network and transformers, reduce the load period and provide consumers with quality electricity.

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Sulaima, Mohamad Fani, Nurliyana Binti Baharin, Aida Fazliana Abdul Kadir, Norhafiz Bin Salim Obtained i Elia Erwani Hassan. "Investigation of electricity load shifting under various tariff design using ant colony optimization algorithm". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i1.pp1-11.

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<span>A price-based program through a time of use tariff (TOU) program is one of the initiatives to offer sufficient benefit for both consumers and generations sides. However, without any strategy for implementing optimal load management, a new tariff design structure will lead to the miss perception by electricity consumers. Therefore, this study offers an investigation toward appropriate TOU tariff design to reflect load profiles. Concurrently, the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm was proposed to deal with the load shifting strategy to determine the best load profiles and reducing the consumers’ electricity cost. The sample load profiles data is obtained from various residential houses, such as single-story, double-story, semi-D, apartment, and bungalow houses. The significant comparison between baseline flat tariffs to several TOU tariffs has shown an improvement in the percentage of cost saving for approximately 7 to 40%. Furthermore, the identified load management was observed where the maximum load shifting weightage was set up to 30% to reflect the consumers’ effort towards energy efficiency (EE) program. The previously proposed TOU design was identified to be a suitable structure that can promote balancing of EE and demand response (DR) program effort in most consumers' houses category in Malaysia.</span>

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Almaktar, M. A. "Towards an extensive exploitation of solar PV technology in Libya: Legislative, economic and environmental considerations". Libyan Journal of Science &Technology 7, nr 2 (18.09.2022): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37376/ljst.v7i2.2289.

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This paper investigates the issue of investment in renewable energy (RE) particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) as an electricity supplier and discusses the most important factors which affect the promotion and expansion of PV systems. The paper firstly provides a general overview of Libyan conventional fuel resources, its electrical energy status, and solar energy potential in the country. In addition, most important international experiences on Feed-in Tariff (FiT) policy are reviewed. The Libyan electricity tariff compared to the international electricity tariffs is also discussed. Furthermore, economic and environmental results of a small PV system installed in Benghazi is analyzed using the Hybrid Optimization Model of Energy Resources (HOMER) software. The simulation study considers different scenarios and rates of FiT, interest rate, and electricity tariffs. Results show that the FiT can play a vital role in developing a knowledge-based economy and encouraging the public to use such a clean energy source thus increasing the share of renewable energies in the total national energy mix. The findings of the paper are very important for all key players including the Libyan government, decision-makers, the national grid utility operator, industries, the PV system investor, and the environment.

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Wang, Fang, Pan Qin i Jing You. "Discrete optimization model for permutation flow shop under time-of-use electricity tariffs". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1633 (wrzesień 2020): 012146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1633/1/012146.

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Барахнин, Владимир Борисович, Светлана Валентиновна Мальцева, Константин Владимирович Данилов i Василий Вячеславович Корнилов. "Modelling of energy consumption in sociotechnical systems with intelligent equipment". Вычислительные технологии, nr 6 (16.12.2021): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2021.26.6.002.

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Современные социотехнические системы в различных областях характеризуются наличием в их составе большого количества интеллектуального оборудования, которое может самостоятельно регулировать собственное потребление энергии, а также взаимодействовать с другими потребителями в процессах принятия решений и управления. Одна из таких отраслей - энергетика, где самоорганизация и системы коллективного потребления являются наиболее перспективными с точки зрения обеспечения эффективности использования энергоресурсов. Рассмотрены подходы к установлению статических и динамических тарифов на электроэнергию. Проведено сравнение двух моделей энергопотребления - статического двухтарифного и динамического, учитывающих рациональное поведение умных устройств, способных выбирать лучшие режимы для потребления электроэнергии. Показано влияние количества таких устройств на возможность достижения равномерного потребления при использовании второй модели. Modern socio-technical systems in various fields include a large number of smart equipment that can independently regulate its own energy consumption, as well as interact with other consumers in decision-making and management processes. Energy is one of these areas. Self-organization and collective self-consumption are the most promising in terms of ensuring the efficiency of energy use. Existing and prospective approaches to using static and dynamic time-based tariffs are under consideration. The paper presents a mathematical description of two models of energy consumption: a static model based on the allocation of two zones with a fixed duration and tariffs for each one and a dynamic model of two-tariff accounting with feedback, which assumes tariffs changing based on the results of the analysis of current electricity consumption. A pilot study of both models was conducted by using energy consumption data and taking into account the rational behavior of smart devices as consumers who can choose the best periods for electricity consumption. During the experiments it was investigated how an increase in the share of smart devices in the composition of electricity consumers as well as options for establishing zones and tariffs, affect the possibility of achieving uniform consumption during the day. Experiments have shown that with a small proportion of smart devices, acceptable results that reduce the variation in the consumption function can favor usage of the model without feedback. An increase in the number of actors in the system inevitably requires including a feedback mechanism into the system that allows the resource supplier to prevent excessive concentration of smart devices during the period of the cheaper tariff. However, when the share of smart devices exceeds a certain critical value, a pronounced inversion of the times of cheap and expensive tariffs occurs in two successive iterations. In this case, in order to ensure a quite even distribution of electricity consumption, it is advisable for the supplier to return to the single tariff rate. Thus, an excessive increase in the number of actors in the system can neutralize the effect of their use

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Adebayo, Adeyinka Victor., Oladejo, Ismaheel Oyeyemi., Adebayo Hussein Kehinde. i Samuel, Alice Olufunmilola. "Comparative Analysis of Electricity Grid Tariffs Versus Generator Costs in Nigeria". International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering Management & Applied Science 13, nr 7 (29.07.2024): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2024.130708.

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Abstract: The Nigerian electric power industry, pivotal for economic development, faces severe crises affecting its efficiency. This study provides a comparative analysis of electricity grid tariffs and generator costs over the past decade. The analysis reveals frequent tariff changes by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) and rising generator costs due to increasing fuel prices and maintenance expenses. The study highlights the financial burden on Nigerian households and businesses reliant on generators. Data from NERC reports, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) fuel price records, and industry studies indicate that generator costs have escalated more sharply. At the same time, grid tariffs have increased due to economic and policy changes. This disparity stresses the need for policy adjustments and improved monitoring to stabilise electricity costs and enhance service delivery. Recommendations urge immediate action from policymakers, energy industry professionals, and stakeholders to address the pressing issues.

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Reddy, Prashant, i Manuela Veloso. "Negotiated Learning for Smart Grid Agents: Entity Selection based on Dynamic Partially Observable Features". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, nr 1 (29.06.2013): 1313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8481.

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An attractive approach to managing electricity demand in the Smart Grid relies on real-time pricing (RTP) tariffs, where customers are incentivized to quickly adapt to changes in the cost of supply. However, choosing amongst competitive RTP tariffs is difficult when tariff prices change rapidly. The problem is further complicated when we assume that the price changes for a tariff are published in real-time only to those customers who are currently subscribed to that tariff, thus making the prices partially observable. We present models and learning algorithms for autonomous agents that can address the tariff selection problem on behalf of customers. We introduce 'Negotiated Learning', a general algorithm that enables a self-interested sequential decision-making agent to periodically select amongst a variable set of 'entities' (e.g., tariffs) by negotiating with other agents in the environment to gather information about dynamic partially observable entity 'features' (e.g., tariff prices) that affect the entity selection decision. We also contribute a formulation of the tariff selection problem as a 'Negotiable Entity Selection Process', a novel representation. We support our contributions with intuitive justification and simulation experiments based on real data on an open Smart Grid simulation platform.

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Zhu, Mao, Xi Luo, Zhiyi Li i Can Wan. "Battery-aided privacy preservation of household electricity load profiles under time-of-use tariffs". Energy Reports 8 (listopad 2022): 437–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.09.148.

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Robu, Valentin, Meritxell Vinyals, Alex Rogers i Nicholas R. Jennings. "Efficient Buyer Groups With Prediction-of-Use Electricity Tariffs". IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 9, nr 5 (wrzesień 2018): 4468–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2660580.

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Chen, Weidong, Junnan Wang, Guanyi Yu i Yumeng Hu. "Energy-Efficient Hybrid Flow-Shop Scheduling under Time-of-Use and Ladder Electricity Tariffs". Applied Sciences 12, nr 13 (25.06.2022): 6456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136456.

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With the increasing influence of climate change, green development has become an important trend. Since manufacturing represents approximately one-half of total energy consumption, reducing the amount of energy consumed within this industry is imperative. This study provides a hybrid flow shop scheduling issue under a time-of-use and ladder electricity price system to reduce total energy consumption without compromising maximum completion time. An improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II with some optimization strategies is proposed to solve the problem. First, an enhanced constructive heuristic algorithm is used to improve the quantity of initial solution in the initialization. Besides, an adaptive genetic operation is introduced, aiming to avoid the emergence of locally optimal solutions. In addition, the right-shift approach is developed to reduce the total energy consumption without affecting completion time. By maintaining the production efficiency and reducing the energy consumption cost by 4.33%. A trade-off proposal is made between productivity and sustainability in view of the calculation results.

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Wang, Shijin, Zhanguo Zhu, Kan Fang, Feng Chu i Chengbin Chu. "Scheduling on a two-machine permutation flow shop under time-of-use electricity tariffs". International Journal of Production Research 56, nr 9 (23.11.2017): 3173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1401236.

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Zhang, Mingyang, Jihong Yan, Yanling Zhang i Shenyi Yan. "Optimization for energy-efficient flexible flow shop scheduling under time of use electricity tariffs". Procedia CIRP 80 (2019): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2019.01.062.

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Sotnyk, Iryna, Tetiana Kurbatova, Oleksandr Kubatko, Yevhen Baranchenko i Rui Li. "The price for sustainable development of renewable energy sector: the case of Ukraine". E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128002006.

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While implementing state support mechanisms for renewable energy deployment, each country faces the problem of assessing and forecasting their consequences and must timely adjust their set to ensure sustainable energy development. The article estimates the price for sustainable development of the renewable energy sector on the example of Ukraine based on evaluating the effectiveness of the key mechanism of state support for the industry advancement - the feed-in tariff. The comparison of feed-in tariff rates with the LCOE indicators for the electricity generated from solar and wind power plants has shown that the current feed-in tariffs for two of the most popular renewable energy technologies are inflated several times and do not meet global trends in reducing the cost price of electricity generated by these technologies. The consequence of applying economically unreasonable tariffs is the annual over-expenditures of the state budget of Ukraine, which recently count hundreds of millions of euros. In the context of the country’s growing green energy generation, the conditions for further use of the feed-in tariff and the transition to other state support mechanisms are substantiated.

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Muratov, M., K. Sh Kadirov i A. P. Kushev. "Changes in tariff prices for electricity consumption and its impact on the energy system". E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601176.

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Currently, the system of various tariffs on electricity consumption is widely used in almost all countries of the world. There is also a special role of tariffs on the change of modes of the energy system, which directly has its place in the smooth operation of the loading cycle of the system. The article discusses how to reduce the period of support for differentiated tariffs on electricity consumption over time.

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Kirkerud, Jon Gustav, Erik Trømborg i Torjus Folsland Bolkesjø. "Impacts of electricity grid tariffs on flexible use of electricity to heat generation". Energy 115 (listopad 2016): 1679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.06.147.

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Boron, Sergiusz. "Rationalization of Electrical Energy Consumption in Households through the Use of Cheap IoT Module with Cloud Data Storage". Sustainability 15, nr 21 (31.10.2023): 15507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115507.

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This article explores mechanisms to enhance the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources (RES), with a particular emphasis on photovoltaic installations. One such strategy involves implementing a customized electricity rate system for individual consumers. This paper discusses the potential economic and environmental benefits of transitioning from a flat-rate tariff to a time-of-day tariff. This modification can lead to increased energy consumption during off-peak hours, aligning with occasional periods of photovoltaic installations’ overproduction, which might require their temporary shutdowns. The energy that could be produced by RES is supplied by conventional power plants (mostly coal-fueled). Not only does this have negative effects on the environment, but it also increases energy costs. In order to make an informed decision regarding the change of tariff, the consumer must be aware of its potential benefits and drawbacks. The article introduces an IoT-based, cost-effective system with cloud data storage for monitoring residential electricity consumption, offering various features, including an assessment of the financial viability of switching tariffs. This system has been operational for more than six months in real installation, encouraging homeowners to transition from a flat rate tariff to time-of-day tariff and optimize their use of electrical appliances. The article presents the potential benefits of this action, encompassing both financial aspects for users of the installation and environmental protection issues.

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Mburamatare, Daniel, William K. Gboney i Jean De Dieu Hakizimana. "Electricity Tariff Design “Theoretical Concepts Vs Practices”: Review of Tariff Design Approaches in East Africa - Case Studies of Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, nr 5 (27.09.2022): 260–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13294.

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This paper presents a comparative analysis between the theoretical concepts of tariffs design methodologies and tariff design practices in developing countries especially in East African countries including Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. The theoretical concepts impose regulatory principles to be followed by the utilities for a fair and efficient tariff. A well-defined and appropriate tariff structure must balance the financial sustainability of the sector on the one hand and the well-being of various segments of society on the other. Even if utilities in regulated markets, especially in East African Countries are currently supposed to apply dynamic pricing models, their governments are still providing significant subsidies and this can create operational inefficiencies. In addition, inappropriate dynamic pricing models can lead to cross subsidization between customers which violate the equity or non-discrimination principle of a good tariff which discourages use by the overcharged and promotes overconsumption by the subsidized. The work presented in this paper evaluate the performance of different methodologies used by developing countries to set electricity prices against the theoretical concepts of electricity dynamic pricing. It also highlights the opportunities and challenges to be addressed in order to set efficient and appropriate tariffs. The conclusion and policy recommendations are provided.

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Nicolson, Moira L., Michael J. Fell i Gesche M. Huebner. "Consumer demand for time of use electricity tariffs: A systematized review of the empirical evidence". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 97 (grudzień 2018): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.08.040.

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