Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Tibetan and Himalayan Orography

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Tibetan and Himalayan Orography”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Tibetan and Himalayan Orography"

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Barros, A. P., G. Kim, E. Williams i S. W. Nesbitt. "Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4, nr 1 (1.03.2004): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-29-2004.

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Abstract. The linkages between the space-time variability of observed clouds, rainfall, large-circulation patterns and topography in northern India and the Himalayas were investigated using remote sensing data. The research purpose was to test the hypothesis that cloudiness patterns are dynamic tracers of rainstorms, and therefore their temporal and spatial evolution can be used as a proxy of the spatial and temporal organization of precipitation and precipitation processes in the Himalayan range during the monsoon. The results suggest that the space-time distribution of precipitation, the spatial variability of the diurnal cycle of convective activity, and the terrain (landform and altitudinal gradients) are intertwined at spatial scales ranging from the order of a few kms (1–5km) up to the continental-scale. Furthermore, this relationship is equally strong in the time domain with respect to the onset and intra-seasonal variability of the monsoon. Infrared and microwave imagery of cloud fields were analyzed to characterize the spatial and temporal evolution of mesoscale convective weather systems and short-lived convection in Northern India, the Himalayan range, and in the Tibetan Plateau during three monsoon seasons (1999, 2000 and 2001). The life cycle of convective systems suggests landform and orographic controls consistent with a convergence zone constrained to the valley of the Ganges and the Himalayan range, bounded in the west by the Aravalli range and the Garhwal mountains and in the East by the Khasi Hills and the Bay of Bengal, which we call the Northern India Convergence Zone (NICZ). The NICZ exhibits strong night-time activity along the south-facing slopes of the Himalayan range, which is characterized by the development of short-lived convection (1–3h) aligned with protruding ridges between 1:00 and 3:00 AM. The intra-annual and inter-annual variability of convective activity in the NICZ were assessed with respect to large-scale synoptic conditions, monsoon activity in the Bay of Bengal, and the modulating role of orography. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and canonical correlation (CC) analysis suggest that joint modes of variability of monsoon weather and topography, which we call orographic land-atmosphere interactions, modulate the space-time variability of cloudiness in the region. Finally, scaling analysis of cloudiness suggests three different scaling regimes of orographic land-atmosphere interactions: 1) a synoptic-scale regime (≥70-80km); 2) an orographic meso–β regime (30–70km) associated with the succession of wide valleys and bulky terrain features; and 3) an orographic meso–α regime (≤30km) associated with the complex succession of protruding south-facing ridges and narrow valleys that characterize the Himalayan foothills between altitudes of 3000 and 5000m elevations.
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White, R. H., D. S. Battisti i G. H. Roe. "Mongolian Mountains Matter Most: Impacts of the Latitude and Height of Asian Orography on Pacific Wintertime Atmospheric Circulation". Journal of Climate 30, nr 11 (4.05.2017): 4065–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0401.1.

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Abstract The impacts of Asian orography on the wintertime atmospheric circulation over the Pacific are explored using altered-orography, semi-idealized, general circulation model experiments. The latitude of orography is found to be far more important than height. The Mongolian Plateau and nearby mountain ranges, centered at ~48°N, have an impact on the upper-level wintertime jet stream that is approximately 4 times greater than that of the larger and taller Tibetan Plateau and Himalayas to the south. Key contributing factors to the importance of the Mongolian mountains are latitudinal variations in the meridional potential vorticity gradient and the strength of the impinging wind—both of which determine the amplitude of the atmospheric response—and the structure of the atmosphere, which influences the spatial pattern of the downstream response. Interestingly, while the Mongolian mountains produce a larger response than the Tibetan Plateau in Northern Hemisphere winter, in April–June the response from the Tibetan Plateau predominates. This result holds in two different general circulation models. In experiments with idealized orography, varying the plateau latitude by 20°, from 43° to 63°N, changes the response amplitude by a factor of 2, with a maximum response for orography between 48° and 53°N, comparable to the Mongolian mountains. In these idealized experiments, the latitude of the maximum wintertime jet increase changes by only ~6°. It is proposed that this nearly invariant spatial response pattern is due to variations in the stationary wavenumber with latitude leading to differences in the zonal versus meridional wave propagation.
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Lutsko, Nicholas J., Jane Wilson Baldwin i Timothy W. Cronin. "The Impact of Large-Scale Orography on Northern Hemisphere Winter Synoptic Temperature Variability". Journal of Climate 32, nr 18 (13.08.2019): 5799–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0129.1.

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Abstract The impact of large-scale orography on wintertime near-surface (850 hPa) temperature variability on daily and synoptic time scales (from days to weeks) in the Northern Hemisphere is investigated. Using a combination of theory, idealized modeling work, and simulations with a comprehensive climate model, it is shown that large-scale orography reduces upstream temperature gradients, in turn reducing upstream temperature variability, and enhances downstream temperature gradients, enhancing downstream temperature variability. Hence, the presence of the Rockies on the western edge of the North American continent increases temperature gradients over North America and, consequently, increases North American temperature variability. By contrast, the presence of the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas on the eastern edge of the Eurasian continent damps temperature variability over most of Eurasia. However, Tibet and the Himalayas also interfere with the downstream development of storms in the North Pacific storm track, and thus damp temperature variability over North America, by approximately as much as the Rockies enhance it. Large-scale orography is also shown to impact the skewness of downstream temperature distributions, as temperatures to the north of the enhanced temperature gradients are more positively skewed while temperatures to the south are more negatively skewed. This effect is most clearly seen in the northwest Pacific, off the east coast of Japan.
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Ma, Ding, William Boos i Zhiming Kuang. "Effects of Orography and Surface Heat Fluxes on the South Asian Summer Monsoon". Journal of Climate 27, nr 17 (28.08.2014): 6647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00138.1.

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Abstract A high-resolution (40 km horizontal) global model is used to examine controls on the South Asian summer monsoon by orography and surface heat fluxes. In a series of integrations with altered topography and reduced surface heat fluxes, monsoon strength, as indicated by a vertical wind shear index, is highly correlated with the amplitude of the maximum boundary layer equivalent potential temperature (θeb) over South Asia. Removal of the Tibetan Plateau while preserving the Himalayas and adjacent mountain ranges has little effect on monsoon strength, and monsoon strength decreases approximately linearly as the height of the Himalayas is reduced. In terms of surface heat flux changes, monsoon strength is most sensitive to those in the location of the θeb maximum just south of the Himalayas. These results are consistent with the recent idea that topography creates a strong monsoon by insulating the thermal maximum from dry extratropical air. However, monsoon strength is found to be more sensitive to variations in the θeb maximum when topography is altered than when surface heat fluxes are reduced, and it is suggested that free-tropospheric humidity changes lead to deviations from strict convective quasi equilibrium and cause this difference. When topography is reduced, dry extratropical air intrudes into the troposphere over the θeb maximum and is entrained by local deep convection, requiring a higher θeb to achieve convective equilibrium with a given upper-tropospheric temperature and associated balanced monsoon flow. These results illustrate potential complexities that need to be included in simple theories for monsoon strength built on strict convective quasi equilibrium.
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Qie, Xiushu, Xueke Wu, Tie Yuan, Jianchun Bian i Daren Lu. "Comprehensive Pattern of Deep Convective Systems over the Tibetan Plateau–South Asian Monsoon Region Based on TRMM Data". Journal of Climate 27, nr 17 (28.08.2014): 6612–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00076.1.

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Abstract Diurnal and seasonal variation, intensity, and structure of deep convective systems (DCSs; with 20-dBZ echo tops exceeding 14 km) over the Tibetan Plateau–South Asian monsoon region from the Tibetan Plateau (TP) to the ocean are investigated using 14 yr of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data. Four unique regions characterized by different orography are selected for comparison, including the TP, the southern Himalayan front (SHF), the South Asian subcontinent (SAS), and the ocean. DCSs and intense DCSs (IDCSs; with 40-dBZ echo tops exceeding 10 km) occur more frequently over the continent than over the ocean. About 23% of total DCSs develop into IDCSs in the SHF, followed by the TP (21%) and the SAS (15%), with the least over the ocean (2%). The average 20-dBZ echo-top height of IDCSs exceeds 16 km and 9% of them even exceed 18 km. DCSs and IDCSs are the most frequent over the SHF, especially in the westernmost SHF, where the intensity—in terms of strong radar echo-top (viz., 40 dBZ) height, ice-particle content, and lightning flash rate—is the strongest. DCSs over the TP are relatively weak in convective intensity and small in size but occur frequently. Oceanic DCSs possess the tallest cloud top (which mainly reflects small ice particles) and the largest size, but their convective intensity is markedly weaker. DCSs and IDCSs show a similar diurnal variation, mainly occurring in the afternoon with a peak at 1600 local time over land. Although most of both DCSs and IDCSs occur between April and October, DCSs have a peak in August, whereas IDCSs have a peak in May.
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Huo, Yiling, i W. Richard Peltier. "Dynamically Downscaled Climate Simulations of the Indian Monsoon in the Instrumental Era: Physics Parameterization Impacts and Precipitation Extremes". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, nr 4 (kwiecień 2019): 831–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-18-0226.1.

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AbstractThe complex orography of South Asia, including both the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau, renders the regional climate complex. How this climate, especially the monsoon circulations, will respond to the global warming process is important given the large population of the region. In a first step toward a contribution to the understanding of the expected impacts, a series of dynamically downscaled instrumental-era climate simulations for the Indian subcontinent are described and will serve as a basis for comparison against global warming simulations. Global simulations based upon the Community Earth System Model (CESM) are employed to drive a dynamical downscaling pipeline in which the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is employed as regional climate model, in a nested configuration with two domains at 30- and 10-km resolution, respectively. The entire ensemble was integrated for 15 years (1980–94), with the global model representing a complete integration from the onset of Northern Hemisphere industrialization. Compared to CESM, WRF significantly improves the representation of orographic precipitation. Precipitation extremes are also characterized using extreme value analysis. To investigate the sensitivity of the South Asian summer monsoon simulation to different parameterization schemes, a small physics ensemble is employed. The Noah multiphysics (Noah-MP) land surface scheme reduces the summer warm bias compared to the Noah land surface scheme. Compared with the Kain–Fritsch cumulus scheme, the Grell-3 scheme produces an increased moisture bias at the first western rain barrier, whereas the Tiedtke scheme produces less precipitation over the subcontinent than observed. Otherwise the improvement of fit to the observations derived from applying the downscaling methodology is highly significant.
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Zgorzelski, Marek. "Orographic Barrier of the Great Himalayas". Miscellanea Geographica 11, nr 1 (1.12.2004): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2004-0009.

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Abstract The entire geographical literature, starting with school textbooks, presents the Himalayas as a classical model of an impermeable orographic barrier, halting the masses of monsoon air and causing aridity of the Tibetan landscapes. Despite of that, however, the author, during his trips to Western and, particularly, to Central Tibet, organised exactly during the summer monsoon, always found the southern regions of these provinces flooded to a large extent with water. It is also puzzling that catastrophic floods occurring in China (connected with the high water in rivers originating in Tibet) are correlated in time with the period of the summer monsoon in the Himalayas.
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Tremblay, Marissa M., Matthew Fox, Jennifer L. Schmidt, Alka Tripathy-Lang, Matthew M. Wielicki, T. Mark Harrison, Peter K. Zeitler i David L. Shuster. "Erosion in southern Tibet shut down at ∼10 Ma due to enhanced rock uplift within the Himalaya". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, nr 39 (14.09.2015): 12030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1515652112.

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Exhumation of the southern Tibetan plateau margin reflects interplay between surface and lithospheric dynamics within the Himalaya–Tibet orogen. We report thermochronometric data from a 1.2-km elevation transect within granitoids of the eastern Lhasa terrane, southern Tibet, which indicate rapid exhumation exceeding 1 km/Ma from 17–16 to 12–11 Ma followed by very slow exhumation to the present. We hypothesize that these changes in exhumation occurred in response to changes in the loci and rate of rock uplift and the resulting southward shift of the main topographic and drainage divides from within the Lhasa terrane to their current positions within the Himalaya. At ∼17 Ma, steep erosive drainage networks would have flowed across the Himalaya and greater amounts of moisture would have advected into the Lhasa terrane to drive large-scale erosional exhumation. As convergence thickened and widened the Himalaya, the orographic barrier to precipitation in southern Tibet terrane would have strengthened. Previously documented midcrustal duplexing around 10 Ma generated a zone of high rock uplift within the Himalaya. We use numerical simulations as a conceptual tool to highlight how a zone of high rock uplift could have defeated transverse drainage networks, resulting in substantial drainage reorganization. When combined with a strengthening orographic barrier to precipitation, this drainage reorganization would have driven the sharp reduction in exhumation rate we observe in southern Tibet.
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Huo, Yiling, William Richard Peltier i Deepak Chandan. "Mid-Holocene monsoons in South and Southeast Asia: dynamically downscaled simulations and the influence of the Green Sahara". Climate of the Past 17, nr 4 (5.08.2021): 1645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1645-2021.

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Abstract. Proxy records suggest that the Northern Hemisphere during the mid-Holocene (MH), to be assumed herein to correspond to 6000 years ago, was generally warmer than today during summer and colder in the winter due to the enhanced seasonal contrast in the amount of solar radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere. The complex orography of both South and Southeast Asia (SA and SEA), which includes the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in the north and the Western Ghats mountains along the west coast of India in the south, renders the regional climate complex and the simulation of the intensity and spatial variability of the MH summer monsoon technically challenging. In order to more accurately capture important regional features of the monsoon system in these regions, we have completed a series of regional climate simulations using a coupled modeling system to dynamically downscale MH global simulations. This regional coupled modeling system consists of the University of Toronto version of the Community Climate System Model version 4 (UofT-CCSM4), the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate model, and the 3D Coastal and Regional Ocean Community model (CROCO). In the global model, we have taken care to incorporate Green Sahara (GS) boundary conditions in order to compare with standard MH simulations and to capture interactions between the GS and the monsoon circulations in India and SEA. Comparison of simulated and reconstructed climates suggest that the dynamically downscaled simulations produce significantly more realistic anomalies in the Asian monsoon than the global climate model, although they both continue to underestimate the inferred changes in precipitation based upon reconstructions using climate proxy information. Monsoon precipitation over SA and SEA is also greatly influenced by the inclusion of a GS, with a large increase particularly being predicted over northern SA and SEA, and a lengthening of the monsoon season. Data–model comparisons with downscaled simulations outperform those with the coarser global model, highlighting the crucial role of downscaling in paleo data–model comparison.
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Trenberth, Kevin E., i Shyh-Chin Chen. "Planetary Waves Kinematically Forced by Himalayan Orography". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 45, nr 20 (październik 1988): 2934–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<2934:pwkfbh>2.0.co;2.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Tibetan and Himalayan Orography"

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Cameron, David Robert. "Idealised studies of the atmospheric response to Tibetan uplift". Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363839.

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Saha, Sourav. "Reconstructing High-frequency Holocene Glacial Chronostratigraphies in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1543920897036039.

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Gansach, Ada. "Social constructions : a comparative study of architectures in the high Himalaya of North West Nepal; Lessons from : Nyimathang, Humla District - Togkhyu, Dolpo District - Braga, Manang District". Thesis, Open University, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323623.

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Cech, K. "The social and religious identity of the Tibetan Bonpos with special reference to North-West Himalayan settlement". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383994.

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Palin, Richard Mark. "Using metamorphic modelling techniques to investigate the thermal and structural evolution of the Himalayan-Karakoram-Tibetan orogen". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f86580ad-c183-4ecd-bcbd-17f3a1b74548.

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Metamorphic rocks constitute a vast volumetric proportion of the Earth’s continental lithosphere and are invaluable recorders of the mechanisms and rates of deformation and metamorphism that occur at the micro-, meso- and macro-scale. As such, they have the potential to provide detailed insight into important tectonic processes such as the subductive transport of material into, and back from, mantle depths and also folding, faulting and thickening of crust that occurs during collisional orogeny. The Himalayan-Karakoram-Tibetan orogen is the youngest and most prominent example of a continent-continent collisional mountain belt on Earth today and is a product of the on-going convergence of the Indian and Asian plates that initiated in the Early Eocene. Thus, it provides an exceptional natural laboratory for the investigation of such processes. Recent advances in the computational ability to replicate natural mineral assemblages through a variety of metamorphic modelling techniques have led to improvements in the amount (and quality) of petrographic data that may be obtained from a typical metamorphic rock. In this study, phase equilibria modelling (pseudosection construction) using THERMOCALC, amongst other techniques, has been integrated with in-situ U–Pb and Th–Pb geochronology of accessory monazite in order to constrain the tectonothermal evolution of four regions intimately associated with the Himalayan-Karakoram-Tibetan orogen. These regions comprise the Karakoram metamorphic complex (north Pakistan), the Tso Morari massif (north-west India), the eastern Himalayan syntaxis (south-east Tibet) and the Day Nui Con Voi metamorphic core complex of the Red River shear zone (North Vietnam). Each case study documents previously unreported metamorphic, magmatic or deformational events that are associated with the India-Asia collision. These data have allowed original interpretations to be made regarding the tectonic evolution of each individual region as well as the large-scale evolution of the Himalayan-Karakoram-Tibetan orogenic system as a whole.
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Huang, Wentao, Peter C. Lippert, Michael J. Jackson, Mark J. Dekkers, Yang Zhang, Juan Li, Zhaojie Guo, Paul Kapp i Hinsbergen Douwe J. J. van. "Remagnetization of the Paleogene Tibetan Himalayan carbonate rocks in the Gamba area: Implications for reconstructing the lower plate in the India-Asia collision". AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623053.

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The characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) isolated from Paleogene carbonate rocks of the Zongpu Formation in Gamba (28.3 degrees N, 88.5 degrees(E) of southern Tibet has previously been interpreted to be primary. These data are pertinent for estimating the width of Greater India and dating the initiation of India-Asia collision. We have reanalyzed the published ChRM directions and completed thorough rock magnetic tests and petrographic observations on specimens collected throughout the previously investigated sections. Negative nonparametric fold tests demonstrate that the ChRM has a synfolding or postfolding origin. Rock magnetic analyses reveal that the dominant magnetic carrier is magnetite. "Wasp-waisted" hysteresis loops, suppressed Verwey transitions, high frequency-dependent in-phase magnetic susceptibility, and evidence that > 70% of the ferrimagnetic material is superparamagnetic at room temperature are consistent with the rock-magnetic fingerprint of remagnetized carbonate rocks. Scanning electron microscopy observations and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis confirm that magnetite grains are authigenic. In summary, the carbonate rocks of the Zongpu Formation in Gamba have been chemically remagnetized. Thus, the early Paleogene latitude of the Tibetan Himalaya and size of Greater India have yet to be determined and the initiation of collision cannot yet be precisely dated by paleomagnetism. If collision began at 59 +/- 1 Ma at similar to 19 degrees N, as suggested by sedimentary records and paleomagnetic data from the Lhasa terrane, then a huge Greater India, as large as similar to 3500-3800 km, is required in the early Paleogene. This size, in sharp contrast to the few hundred kilometers estimated for the Early Cretaceous, implies an ever greater need for extension within Greater India during the Cretaceous.
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Jessup, Micah John. "Kinematic Evolution, Metamorphism and Exhumation of the Greater Himalayan Sequence, Mount Everest Massif, Tibet/Nepal". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37678.

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The Himalayan orogen provides an incredible natural laboratory to test models for continent-continent collision. The highest peaks of the Himalayas are composed of the Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS), which is bound by a north-dipping low angle detachment fault above (South Tibetan detachment; STD) and by a thrust fault below (Main Central thrust; MCT). Assuming simultaneous movement on these features, the GHS can be modeled as a southward extruding wedge or channel. Channel flow models describe the coupling between mid-crustal flow, driven by gradients in lithostatic pressure between the Tibetan Plateau and the Indian plate, and focused denudation on the range front. Although the general geometry and shear sense criteria for these bounding shear zones has been documented, prior to this investigation, relatively few attempts had been made to quantify the spatial and temporal variation in flow path history for rocks from an exhumed section of the proposed mid-crustal channel. Results from this investigation demonstrate that mid-crustal flow at high deformation temperatures was distributed throughout the proposed channel. As these rocks began to exhume to shallower crustal conditions and therefore lower temperatures, deformation began to become partitioned away from the core of the channel and into the bounding shear zones. Based on these results a new method (Rigid Grain Net) to measure the relative contributions of pure and simple shear (vorticity) is proposed. Detailed thermobarometric analysis was conducted on rocks from the highest structural level in the Khumbu region, Nepal to construct pressure-temperature-time-deformation paths during the tectonic evolution of the GHS between ~32-16 Ma. Another aspect of the project suggests that the most active feature of the region is the N-S trending Ama Drime Massif (ADM). By combining new structural interpretation with existing remote sensing data this investigation proposes that the ADM is being exhumed during extension that is coupled with denudation in the trans-Himalayan Arun River gorge. Together these data provide important insights into the dynamic links between regional-scale climate and crustal-scale tectonics.
Ph. D.
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Myatt, Timothy Lloyd. "British, Chinese, and Tibetan representations of the Mission to Tibet of 1904". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0813dd24-e025-4d27-9d54-3620cca16d6b.

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This thesis presents and analyses Chinese, Tibetan, and British sources relating to the British Mission to Tibet of 1904. It balances accounts provided by the British officers and men with modern Chinese sources. It analyses both polarised sides of the history, whilst remaining critical of all sources. British historical accounts analysed in chapter one are balanced with Chinese narratives that present the Mission as an invasion of the Motherland and its unity. Chapter two examines the role of propaganda in modern China, and how different media are used to guide the Tibetan and Chinese populations’ understanding of their history and nation. Chapters three and four provide an original translation of Bod kyi rig gnas lo rgyus dpyad gzhi’i rgyu cha bdams bsgrigs, a textbook written from a Chinese nationalistic perspective. The introductory chapter providing the Chinese narrative of the build-up to the Mission is studied in chapter three, and chapter four analyses the bloody advance into Tibet. The translation and analysis in chapter five of the letters of the Dalai Lama to the King of Nepal, the Tongsa Pönlop, and the Chögyal of Sikkim place the Mission in pan-Himalayan context, and show how the Tibetan Government sought to counter the Mission. It is the first study to provide a historical Tibetan perspective of events. Chapter six analyses the divisive issue of looting during the Mission. It examines the psychology of those who looted Tibet, and the role the items taken play in shaping the image of Tibet in the West. Modern Chinese propaganda sources from the new media are analysed in chapter seven, and demonstrate how they have been used to compliment and propagate the established narrative. The conclusions analyse the impact of the Mission, and the lessons that may be learnt for those that play the ‘New Great Game.’
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Li, Brenda W. L. "A critical study of the life of the 13th-century Tibetan monk U rgyan pa Rin chen dpal based on his biographies". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8d5a50c8-55c2-4971-9b18-82e556a7431b.

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U rgyan pa Rin chen dpal (1230-1309) was a great adept of the bKa' brgyud school of Tibetan Buddhism, particularly renowned for his knowledge of the Kālacakra tantra and the unique teaching known as the Approach and Attainment of the Three Vajras (rDo rje gsum gyi bsnyen sgrub), said to have been given to him in his vision by Vajrayoginī (rDo rje rnal 'byor ma) in the Miraculous Land (sprul pa'i zhing) of U rgyan. He was the student of the 2nd Karma pa, who entrusted him with the Black Hat, which he passed to the 3rd Karma pa. He was also a great traveller who journeyed widely across and beyond Tibet. He met Qubilai Khan in the capital of Yuan China and visited sacred Buddhist sites in South India. He has been aptly described by van der Kuijp as "the great Tibetan yogi, thaumaturge, scholar, alchemist, and traveler". Thanks to the availability of a large amount of hitherto unknown materials from eleven biographies, the thesis has put considerable weight on the bibliographical comparison and analysis of the different works in an attempt to establish the possible relationship between them. This is supplemented by summaries of the biographies, to give an overview of the protagonist's life in Part One of the thesis. Part Two consists of a critical study of the different phases and aspects of U rgyan pa's life in the unique historical, political and religious context of each phase, drawing materials from the corpus of biographies and in the light of other primary and secondary sources in Tibetan, Chinese and Western languages. In Chapter I, U rgyan pa's family lineage, childhood and early studies are discussed in order to find out how his innate propensities and early studies are represented as having influenced his character. In Chapter II, the account of U rgyan pa's journey to West Tibet and U rgyan is studied. A sixteen-stanza song in his own words epitomising this journey, supplemented by route maps, will be used as a framework to illustrate and reconstruct his journey to the Land of the Ḍākinīs. In Chapter III, the teachings he received and the subsequent transformation of his character and status, are explored. In Chapter IV, his career as a tantric master, his other pilgrimages and benediction trips, and his conflicts with various religious and political authorities, are examined. The materials will be scrutinised in the hope of separating as far as possible fact from fiction.
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Madsen, Christine McCarthy. "Communities, innovation, and critical mass : understanding the impact of digitization on scholarship in the humanities through the case of Tibetan and Himalayan studies". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:928053ea-e8d9-44ff-9c9a-aaae1f6dc695.

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Streszczenie:
The dominant discourse surrounding academic research libraries today is one of change and scholarship in the humanities has seen a similar revolution in practice. Yet, most of the documented changes in either have been ascribed to the availability of online journal materials. Despite the accessibility of millions of rare, digitized primary resources freely available on the web, little has been done to understand the impact of these materials on either the practice of scholarship or on libraries. The research described in this proposal is an investigation into digitization projects involving rare and closely guarded materials and the effects of these projects on humanities scholarship. This thesis uses both qualitative and quantitative measures to: Assess the impact of digitized primary resources on the work of humanities scholars; To construct a model based on the findings that explains current use of digitized primary sources; and, To discuss the implications of these findings for academic research libraries. The research questions are answered through a detailed analysis of the role of digitization in the field of Tibetan and Himalayan studies. The author presents detailed evidence of how digitization is changing the inputs, practice, and outputs of scholarship in this field, as well as the characteristics of digitization that have led to these changes. Importantly, these findings separate out the success of individual projects from the success of digitization across the field as a whole. Support for community and innovation as well as the presence of critical mass across the field are stressed as the three most significant factors. Finally, the implications of these findings are assessed within a newly proposed model of academic libraries. This “scholar-centric” model is intended to provide both a theoretical framework for the research findings as well as a normative provocation for structuring future research and discussions about the role of academic libraries and their presence online.
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Książki na temat "Tibetan and Himalayan Orography"

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Kapoor, A. K. Genetic diversity among Himalayan human populations. Jammu, J & K, India: Vinod Publishers & Distributors, 1992.

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Himalayan dialogue: Tibetan lamas and Gurung shamans in Nepal. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.

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Himalayan dialogue: Tibetan lamas and Gurung shamans in Nepal. Kathmandu: Tiwari's Pilgrims Book House, 1990.

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Mumford, Stan Royal. Himalayan dialogue: Tibetan lamas and Gurung shamans in Nepal. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.

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Himalayan hermitess: The life of a Tibetan Buddhist nun. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9.

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R, Schaeffer Kurtis, red. Among Tibetan texts: History and literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.

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In search of the medicine Buddha: A Himalayan journey. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam, 2000.

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Drokpa, nomads of the Tibetan plateau and Himalaya =: ʼBrog-pa. Kathmandu: Vajra Publications, 2008.

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International Association for Tibetan Studies. Seminar, red. Himalayan passages: Tibetan and Newar studies in honor of Hubert Decleer. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2014.

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Części książek na temat "Tibetan and Himalayan Orography"

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Arpi, Claude. "Standing at the Himalayan Crossroads". W Tawang, Monpas and Tibetan Buddhism in Transition, 45–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4346-3_4.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Tibetan Buddhism, Bon, and Animism". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 57–111. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_4.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Taxation by the Tibetan Authorities and the Formation of Fortresses". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 31–56. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_3.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Nature, Society, and People in Monyul (Monpa Area)". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 1–11. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_1.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Arrival of a Tibetan Prince in Monyul and Establishment of a Clan". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 13–30. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_2.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Forests in Monyul: Distribution and Management". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 113–29. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_5.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Yak Husbandry and Pastoral Communities". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 131–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_6.

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Mizuno, Kazuharu, i Lobsang Tenpa. "Distribution of Farmland and Agricultural Communities". W Himalayan Nature and Tibetan Buddhist Culture in Arunachal Pradesh, India, 147–72. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55492-9_7.

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Overpeck, J., K. B. Liu, C. Morrill, J. Cole, C. Shen, D. Anderson i L. Tang. "Holocene Environmental Change in the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau Region: Lake Sediments and the Future". W Advances in Global Change Research, 83–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3508-x_9.

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Moklesur Rahman, M., Ling Bai, Nangyal Ghani Khan i Guohui Li. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Himalayan–Tibetan Region from Historical and Instrumental Earthquake Catalogs". W Pageoph Topical Volumes, 161–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92297-3_13.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Tibetan and Himalayan Orography"

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Zuza, Andrew V., Yann Gavillot, Peter J. Haproff i Chen Wu. "KINEMATIC EVOLUTION ACROSS NORTHERN TIBET AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HIMALAYAN-TIBETAN OROGEN". W GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-322344.

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Hodges, K. V. "WHY CONTROVERSIES SURROUNDING THE CENOZOIC EVOLUTION OF THE HIMALAYAN-TIBETAN OROGENIC SYSTEM PERSIST". W GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-336598.

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Kodamana, Rithwik, i Ritesh Gautam. "Light absorbing impurity deposition over the Himalayan-Karakoram-Hindu Kush-Tibetan cryosphere: a review and satellite-based characterization". W SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, redaktorzy Reza Khanbilvardi, Ashwagosh Ganju, A. S. Rajawat i Jing M. Chen. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2227996.

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Xie, Yanxue, i Yildirim Dilek. "STRUCTURE AND GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE LIUQU CONGLOMERATE ALONG THE YARLUNG-ZANGBO SUTURE ZONE (SOUTHERN TIBET), AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MODE AND TIMING OF COLLISION TECTONICS IN THE TIBETAN-HIMALAYAN OROGENIC BELT". W GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-282695.

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