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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "THROTTLE BASED APPROACH"
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Wang, Dapeng, Shaogang Liu, Youguo He i Jie Shen. "Barrier Lyapunov Function-Based Adaptive Back-Stepping Control for Electronic Throttle Control System". Mathematics 9, nr 4 (6.02.2021): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040326.
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This paper presents an adaptive constraint control approach for Electronic Throttle Control System (ETCS) with asymmetric throttle angle constraints. The adaptive constraint control method, which is based on barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), is designed not only to track the desired throttle angle but also to guarantee no violation on the throttle angle constraints. An ETC mathematic model with complex non-linear system is considered and the asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function (ABLF) is introduced into the design of the controller. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, it can be concluded that the proposed controller can guarantee the stability of the whole system and uniformly converge the state error to track the desired throttle angle. The results of simulations show that the proposed controller can ensure that there is no violation on the throttle angle constraints.
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Wan, Junli. "Nonlinear Control of Electronic Throttle Based on Backstepping Approach". American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications 4, nr 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20160401.11.
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Zuti, Zhang, Cao Shuping, Luo Xiaohui, Shi Weijie i Zhu Yuquan. "New approach of suppressing cavitation in water hydraulic components". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, nr 21 (12.07.2016): 4022–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216657847.
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Cavitation frequently appears in high pressure water hydraulic components and leads to serious hydraulic erosions and horrible hydrodynamic noises. In this paper, a novel approach of suppressing cavitation was proposed, inducing the outlet pressure back to the orifice to improve the pressure distribution of throttle valves. In order to realize this approach, an optimized throttle valve chamber structure was designed. After that, the anticavitation performance of the valve was investigated. A theoretical cavitation cloud model was built based on bubble dynamics. In order to solve the mathematic cavitation model, the velocity field and pressure distribution of the novel throttle valve were simulated through Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). Combining the simulation results, the mathematic cavitation cloud model was solved through numerical calculations. Moreover, new indexes estimating cavitation intensity were proposed scientifically to investigate cavitation phenomenon. Then, the comparison of the novel throttle valve (with an innovative valve chamber) and traditional throttle valve in anticavitation performance was conducted under different conditions. Finally, the experiment about anticavitation performance was completed on the test rig. The calculation and experiment results indicated that the approach, inducing the outlet pressure back to the orifice, was effective in suppressing cavitation.
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Wang, Haihang, He Xu, Vishwanath Pooneeth i Xiao-Zhi Gao. "A Novel One-Camera-Five-Mirror Three-Dimensional Imaging Method for Reconstructing the Cavitation Bubble Cluster in a Water Hydraulic Valve". Applied Sciences 8, nr 10 (1.10.2018): 1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101783.
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In order to study the bubble morphology, a novel experimental and numerical approach was implemented in this research focusing on the analysis of a transparent throttle valve made by Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) material. A feature-based algorithm was written using the MATLAB software, allowing the 2D detection and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of bubbles: collapsing and clustered ones. The valve core, being an important part of the throttle valve, was exposed to cavitation; hence, to distinguish it from the captured frames, the faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) algorithm was used to detect its morphology. Additionally, the main approach grouping the above listed techniques was implemented using an optimized virtual stereo vision arrangement of one camera and five plane mirrors. The results obtained during this study validated the robust algorithms and optimization applied.
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Liu, Yong Gang, Zhen Zhen Lei, Li Lai Lu i Liang Chen. "Control System Integration for Dual Clutch Transmissions Based on Modular Approach". Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (sierpień 2013): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.419.
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Modular approach has been adopted in this paper to divide DCT transmission control unit into four modules, which are clutch control, synchronizer control, shift assembly control and vehicle control respectively. The function for each module has been analyzed and the control logic relations among these modules have also been established for modular integration. Moreover, the modeling process and control strategies for each module have been established for respective control objection. On this basis, the simulation model of transmission control unit for DCT has been built using the Matlab/Simulink platform, and the simulation has been carried out at given throttle opening. The results show that the control strategy of transmission control unit for DCT has been validated, which provides theoretical basis for DCT product development.
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Zhang, Feitie, Shoudao Huang, Xuelong Li i Fengjin Guan. "Research on Control-Oriented Modeling for Turbocharged SI and DI Gasoline Engines". Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/765083.
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In order to analyze system performance and develop model-based control algorithms for turbocharged spark ignition and direct injection (SIDI) gasoline engines, a control oriented mean value model is developed and validated. The model is constructed based on theoretical analysis for the different components, including the compressor, turbine, air filter, intercooler, throttle, manifold, and combustion chamber. Compressor mass flow and efficiency are modeled as parameterized functions. A standard nozzle model is used to approximate the mass flow through the turbine, and the turbine efficiency is modeled as a function of blade speed ratio (BSR). The air filter is modeled as a tube for capturing its pressure drop feature. The effectiveness number of transfer units (NTU) modeling method is utilized for the intercooler. The throttle model consists of the standard nozzle model with an effective area regressed to throttle position. Manifolds are modeled for their dynamically varying pressure state. For the cylinder, the air mass flow into cylinders, fuel mass, torque, and exhaust temperature are modeled. Compared to the conventional lookup table approach, transient dynamics error can be improved significantly through using the model from this work.
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Chopra, Kapil, V. Sahni i R. S. Mishra. "Energetic and Exergetic Based Comparison Multiple Evaporators with Compound Compression and Flash Intercooler with Individual or Multiple Throttle Valves". International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 1, nr 1 (2013): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.111309.
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The utility of second law analysis on vapour compression refrigeration systems is well defined because it gives the idea for improvements in efficiency due to modifications in existing design in terms of reducing exergy destructions in the components. Due to effect of global warming and ozone depletion the comparison and impact of environmental friendly refrigerants (R507a, R410a, R290, R600, R600a, R1234yf, R404a, R125, R717, R152a and R407C) on multiple evaporators at different temperature with compound compression and flash intercooler with individual and multiple throttle valves is important for calculating first law and second law performance on the basis of energetic and exergetic approach. Comparison was done for multiple evaporators with compound compression and flash intercooler with individual throttle valves (system-1) and multiple evaporators with compound compression and flash intercooler with multiple throttle valves (system-2) in terms of coefficient of performance, rational efficiency and total system defect. It was observed that for all considered refrigerants second law first law efficiency of system-1 is lower than sytem-2 conversely system defect of system-1 is higher than system-2.In terms of energetic efficiency, rational efficiency and system defect for both systemsR407C shows minimum performance and performances of R600, R152a and R717 better with comparison of other selected refrigerants for system-1 and system-2. But R600 is highly inflammable and R717 is toxic in nature and restricted to limited applications, so R152a is suggested for both systems.
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B., Ashok, Denis Ashok S. i Ramesh Kumar C. "An Integrated Pedal Follower and Torque Based Approach for Electronic Throttle Control in a Motorcycle Engine". Engineering Journal 21, nr 1 (31.01.2017): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4186/ej.2017.21.1.63.
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Pluta, Janusz, i Marek Sibielak. "Testing of Throttle Valve Prototype Controlled by Piezoelectric Stack". Solid State Phenomena 177 (lipiec 2011): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.177.47.
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This paper aims to present the results of the testing a single-stage electrically actuated throttle valve, in which a piezoelectric stack was used for adjustment of the flow section area of the throttle aperture. The valve prototype was built based on a proprietary design, using the components of a standard manufactured overflow valve. The complete valve was designed on the basis of the results of simulation tests performed on a mathematical model. The constitutive equations presented herein, describing all critical phenomena and influences present in the component, were applied for the modelling of the piezoelectric stack. Laboratory tests were carried out to establish the valve’s characteristics, describing its usefulness for control of flow intensity. LabView software was used for measuring the data gathered. The test results, after conversion, were developed using the Matlab/Simuling software package. This paper presents the most notable results of the tests of a normally open valve equipped with a high-voltage piezoelectric stack. Based on the results obtained, the functional correlation between the volumetric flow rate, pressure drop in the throttling aperture and control signal input to the piezoelectric stack were determined. Due to the comprehensive approach involved, the material presented herein may be prove useful to designers of valves and hydraulic units using piezoelectric stacks for controlling their operating units.
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Smith, Shaun, James Knowles i Byron Mason. "Numerical continuation applied to internal combustion engine models". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, nr 14 (12.06.2020): 3458–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020928665.
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This paper proposes tools from bifurcation theory, specifically numerical continuation, as a complementary method for efficiently mapping the state-parameter space of an internal combustion engine model. Numerical continuation allows a steady-state engine response to be traced directly through the state-parameter space, under the simultaneous variation of one or more model parameters. By applying this approach to two nonlinear engine models (a physics-based model and a data-driven model), this work determines how input parameters ‘throttle position’ and ‘desired load torque’ affect the engine’s dynamics. Performing a bifurcation analysis allows the model’s parameter space to be divided into regions of different qualitative types of the dynamic behaviour, with the identified bifurcations shown to correspond to key physical properties of the system in the physics-based model: minimum throttle angles required for steady-state operation of the engine are indicated by fold bifurcations; regions containing self-sustaining oscillations are bounded by supercritical Hopf bifurcations. The bifurcation analysis of a data-driven engine model shows how numerical continuation could be used to evaluate the efficacy of data-driven models.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "THROTTLE BASED APPROACH"
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GARG, DHWANI. "THROTTLE BASED APPROACH TO MITIGATE DISTRIBUTED DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACK". Thesis, 2012. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/13950.
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M.TECHDistributed Denial of Service (DDOS) is one of the most significant kind of security threats in the internet. Through this form of attack the available resources are engaged to such a level that it ceases to provide service to the legitimate users. Internet services have been the major victim of various forms of this attack with complete network faces sharp reduction in performance. Distributed Denial of Service Attack has recently emerged as one of the most newsworthy, if not the greatest, weaknesses of the internet. In this report an overview of the DDOS problem attack, defence principle and how the gap between the problem and the possible mitigation could be resolved through the application of queuing mechanism over optimum throttle algorithm has been proposed. Here we describe a novel framework that deals with the detection of variety of DDOS attacks by monitoring propagation of abrupt traffic changes inside the Network and then characterizes flows that carry attack traffic. Work in the Report targets a network architecture and accompanying algorithms for countering denial-ofservice (DOS) attacks directed at an Internet Server. The basic mechanism is for a server under stress to install a router throttle at selected upstream routers. The throttle mechanism would be highly effective in preferentially dropping attacker traffic over good user traffic. In this project we have aimed to propose an algorithm, which mitigates the above described Distributed denial of service attacks and tries to lessen the impact of these attacks.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "THROTTLE BASED APPROACH"
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Zhang, Shupeng, Andrew White, Guoming Zhu i Jie J. Yang. "LPV Control of an Electronic Throttle". W ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-3923.
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In this paper, a discrete-time electronic throttle model was developed based upon the parameters obtained through system identification. To design gain-scheduling controllers using LPV (linear parameter varying) scheme, the throttle was modeled as an LPV system, where the vehicle battery voltage and the non-linear friction coefficient are the measurable time-varying parameters. Gain-scheduling H 2 controller was designed for the LPV throttle system using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) convex optimization approach. The designed controller is validated through simulations and show that the proposed controller provides improved performance over the baseline fixed gain controller.
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Letellier, Clement, Ghaleb Hoblos i Houcine Chafouk. "Robust fault detection based on multimodel and interval approach. Application to a throttle valve". W Automation (MED 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med.2011.5983198.
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Linjama, Matti. "Model-Based Control of a Digital Hydraulic Transformer-Based Hybrid Actuator". W BATH/ASME 2018 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2018-8866.
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Energy-efficient motion control of hydraulic actuators is a challenging task. Throttle-free solutions have the potential for high efficiency. The main throttle-free approaches are pump-controlled systems, transformer-based solutions, and digital hydraulic solutions, such as switching transformers, multi-chamber cylinder and multi-pressure systems. This paper presents a novel solution based on a so-called digital hydraulic power management system (DHPMS). The DHPMS is freely rotating and a hydraulic accumulator is used for energy storage. In contrast to existing approaches, each actuator has its own DHPMS and a small accumulator to locally handle the power peaks. Only an average amount of power is needed from the hydraulic grid, radically reducing the size of the supply pump and the hydraulic piping and hosing. Pump flow is only 12.5% of the peak flow of the actuator in the case studied. Control of this type of system is challenging, and the model-based approach is used. The controller uses a simplified model and functionality is verified by using a detailed simulation model of the system. The results show that the approach is feasible but is demanding on the control valves. The system delay is also relatively long, which reduces the control performance in high-end systems. Nevertheless, this approach has potential in mobile machines, for example.
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Gevorkov, Levon, i José Luis Domínguez-García. "Control Oriented Model of the Throttle Valve for Pumping Applications". W International Conference on Mechanical, Automotive and Mechatronics Engineering. Aksaray: ECER, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53375/icmame.2023.342.
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In pumping plants, oil production, and many other industries, throttle valves play a crucial role. Throttle valves are used to control the liquid flowing through them and they are frequently employed as flow control devices. A proposed throttle control simulation approach for centrifugal pumps is presented. A specific stepper motor-based model is designed to offer various possible simulation scenarios. The stepper motor, control system, gearbox, centrifugal pump, liquid tank, pipeline, throttle valve, and sensors are among the model's essential parts. A number of simulations were done in order to examine the proposed model. The modelling demonstrates that the proposed simulation is quite accurate and simple to modify. The electric drive model that has been developed is suitable for the validation of different operation modes of pumping plants that involve throttling.
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Luo, Wei, i Bo Chen. "Model-Based Embedded System Design Methodology for Automotive Applications". W ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47910.
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The ever increasing complexity of embedded systems is driving the change in embedded software development from traditional approaches to model-based design methodology. The model-based design approach provides a number of benefits such as reducing software development time and cost, improving software quality through computationally intensive modeling, and real-time verification. This paper presents model-based embedded system design using a rapid prototyping system called Mototron. Models for individual components and the control strategies are developed in a simulation environment with MotoHawk, Simulink, and Stateflow software tools. The developed control algorithms and parameters are then tested using a calibration tool (MotoTune) that is connected to embedded system hardware. An electronic throttle control example is given in the paper to illustrate the major steps of model-based embedded system design using Mototron system.
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Li, Perry Y., Cassie Y. Li i Thomas R. Chase. "Software Enabled Variable Displacement Pumps". W ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81376.
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Direct pump control of hydraulic systems is more energy efficient than throttle valve based methods to control hydraulic systems. This requires variable displacement pumps that are responsive and capable of electronic control. Such Electronic Displacement Controlled (EDC) pumps tend to be significantly larger, heavier and more expensive than fixed displacement counterparts. In addition, achievable control bandwidths are typically lower than throttle valve based control approaches. We have recently begun a project to achieve the functionality of a variable displacement pump by combining a fixed displacement pump, a pulse width modulated (PWM) on/off valve under closed loop feedback control, and an accumulator. The proposed topology is the hydro-mechanical analog of the DC-DC boost converter in power electronics. Since on/off valves have little loss in either the on or the off state, this approach is potentially more efficient than throttle valve based control approaches. It has the small size/weight and low cost advantages of a fixed displacement pump. Faster response can be expected by eliminating the intervening inertias of the swash plate control system. The pump’s functionalities can also be easily programmed by controlling the PWM on/off valve in different manners. This paper presents some preliminary results from this ongoing research program. While the PWM valve based approach provides desirable features, it also introduces undesirable ripples to the system pressure and flow rate. It is shown that increasing the accumulator pre-charge pressure and the accumulator volume can decrease ripple size at the expense of response time. This apparent trade-off can be alleviated by feedback control to achieve fast response time while keeping ripple small. Feedback control using PWM control must be implemented with care since the conventional “state-space” model may not be valid when the PWM frequency is low. On the other hand, increasing PWM frequency reduces ripple size and enables the system to achieve high control bandwidths.
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Anders, Jonathan W., i Matthew A. Franchek. "Nonlinear Adaptive Engine Speed Control Using an Instrumental Variables Approach and a Truncated Volterra Series". W ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79030.
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An instrumental variable approach to nonlinear model-based adaptive control of engine speed is investigated and implemented on a spark ignition internal combustion engine. A four-step version of the instrumental variable parameter estimation algorithm is used to identify a bias-free and noise tolerant model of the engine dynamics between the by-pass air valve voltage and engine speed. The parametric model representing the engine dynamics is a truncated Volterra series with a time delay. Model-based adaptive control is accomplished through a partitioned inversion of the engine model which is minimum phase and OL stable. The desired closed loop throttle response and disturbance rejection dynamics are introduced via a two-degree-of-freedom feedback control structure. Performance of the nonlinear model-based adaptive control algorithm is verified experimentally.
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Cristofaro, Marco, Wilfried Edelbauer, Manolis Gavaises i Phoevos Koukouvinis. "Numerical simulation of compressible cavitating two-phase flows with a pressure-based solver". W ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4629.
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This work intends to study the effect of compressibility on throttle flow simulations with a pressure–based solver.The simple micro throttle geometry allows easier access for obtaining experimental data compared to a real injector, but still maintaining the main flow features. For this reasons it represents a meaningful and well reported benchmark for validation of numerical methods developed for cavitating injector flows.An implicit pressure–based compressible solver is used on the filtered Navier–Stokes equations. Thus, no stability limitation is applied on the time step. A common pressure field is computed for all phases, but different velocity fields are solved for each phase, following the multi–fluid approach. The liquid evaporation rate is evaluated with a Rayleigh–Plesset equation based cavitation model and the Coherent Structure Model is adopted as closure for the sub–grid scales in the momentum equation.The aim of this study is to show the capabilities of the pressure–based solver to deal with both vapor and liquid phases considered compressible. A comparison between experimental results and compressible simulations is presented. Time–averaged vapor distribution and velocity profiles are reported and discussed. The distribution of pressure maxima on the surface and the results from a semi–empirical erosion model are in good agreement with the erosion locations observed in the experiments. This test case aims to represent a benchmark for furtherapplication of the methodology to industrial relevant cases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4629
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Cannavo`, Cecilia, Roberto Cipollone, Silvio Antonio Pinamonti i Antonio Sciarretta. "Innovative Air Estimation and Luenberger Observers in Model Based A/F Control". W ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95641.
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In this paper it has been demonstrated as the closed loop air fuel ratio (A/F) control system, equipped with a linear oxygen sensor (UEGO), can be improved with an innovative reformulation of the fuel injection control by means of a model based approach. The A/F control, within a rigorous speed-throttle logic (which avoids the use of the air flow-meters and of the pressure sensors inside the intake manifolds), can be designed using a Luenberger-type observer which includes the dominant dynamics of air, fuel and oxygen lambda sensor. The control has been developed and experimented on a research one-cylinder spark ignited engine (AVL 5401). The air mass reference can be supplied either by a stationary map, or, in substitution, by a physical gas dynamic code (Method of Transfer Function, MTF) which is able to compute cycle by cycle the pressure pumping fluctuation and the cylinder filling (volumetric efficiency) giving rise to an effective estimate of the volumetric efficiency during transients, avoiding in this way the use of experimental stored data. The experimental campaign on AVL 5401 has tested the control performances in transient conditions determined by moderate and severe unsteady maneuvers concerning both the load and the engine speeds, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed observer-based control strategy and the possibility to replace the map with the MTF code. The control is able to keep the A/F in the most part of transients around the stoichiometric, with transient control errors bounded within 3–4% in presence of critical throttle maneuvers which are more severe than in the usual operative conditions.
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Doerr, Tobias, Attilla Yildiz, Bastian Dolle i Dieter Brillert. "An Euler-Based Throughflow Approach for Centrifugal Compressors – Part B: Experimental Investigations and Validation". W ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82114.
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Abstract For turbomachinery design, manufacturers today need fast tools to predict the performance of an aerodynamic design with good accuracy. However, CFD tools are often cumbersome in terms of computation time and licensing costs for commercial solvers. In this context, a quasi-three-dimensional solver, called tFlow, for centrifugal compressors is presented in Part A of this paper. To validate and calibrate the model, an experimental test rig is developed and presented in this paper. The setup consists of a single-stage centrifugal compressor with a shrouded impeller providing a pressure ratio up to 1.85. On the pressure side, the diffuser is followed by a volute and a throttle to capture the whole speed characteristic between surge and choke. Thermodynamic data, such as pressure and temperature upstream and downstream of the compressor, are recorded as well as torque and rotational speed at the shaft coupling. In addition, the test rig can also be used to investigate the effects of wet compression. For this purpose, a spray nozzle can be installed in front of the impeller’s bell mouth. In order to investigate the influence of temperatures on evaporation rates, a preheater in front of the compressor section is installed to heat the air up to temperatures of 80 °C. In this paper, dry results are shown for inlet temperatures of 22, 30, 40 and 50 °C. To compare the characteristics at different preheated conditions, reduced rotational speed and air mass flow rate are kept constant. These resulting performance maps are in good agreement between each case. The numerical results of Part A are validated by the experimental data herein.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "THROTTLE BASED APPROACH"
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Quinn, Brian, Jordan Bates, Michael Parker i Sally Shoop. A detailed approach to autonomous vehicle control through Ros and Pixhawk controllers. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42460.
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A Polaris MRZR military utility vehicle was used as a testing platform to develop a novel, low cost yet feature-rich, approach to adding remote operation and autonomous driving capability to a military vehicle. The main concept of operation adapts steering and throttle output from a low cost commercially available Pixhawk autopilot controller and translates the signal into the necessary inputs for the Robot Operating System (ROS) based drive by wire system integrated into the MRZR. With minimal modification these enhancements could be applied to any vehicle with similar ROS integration. This paper details the methods and testing approach used to develop this autonomous driving capability.
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A Model-Based Investigation of Electrically Split Turbocharger Systems Capabilities to Overcome the Drawbacks of High-Boost Downsized Engines. SAE International, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-5052.
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Engine downsizing is one the most common methods of coping with strict emission regulations. However, it must be coupled with complementary systems so that the engine performance would meet the standards. That is why new efficient solutions can pave the way toward this goal. The electric forced-induction system (EFIS) is the emerging replacement for conventional forced-induction systems (FIS), namely, turbochargers and superchargers. The reason behind this replacement is the drawbacks associated with FIS, among them are turbo lag and inefficiency in exhaust gas energy recycling. Electrically split turbocharger (EST) is a form of EFIS which offers a great potential for engine downsizing. In this paper, a new approach to EST utilization for lowering the fuel consumption (FC) without compromising performance has been introduced, through which the augmented degree of freedom enabled by an EST is used to optimize the air-charge boosting. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, a model-based approach is used to compare two engines with and without EST technology; the performance of an already existing 1.6-l 4-cylinder turbocharged engine has been modeled based on the experimental data, and its performance indices are used as a benchmark for a downsized 1l 3-cylinder engine equipped with an EST. A comparison of these two engines in the dynamic drive cycles of the EPA Federal Test Procedure (FTP75) and Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycles (WLTC) has shown a 28.87% and 25.35% reduction in FC, respectively, independent of the external electrical source. Furthermore, the downsized engine has shown superior performance through full-throttle acceleration in terms of torque transient response. Finally, the concept of coherence among gas-path components and its importance is presented, and knock precautions associated with air charging in this method are addressed.