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1
Антощенко, А. В. "«A Stone is thrown into the water, and the circles will be wider and wider». Anton V. Kartashev’s Letters to Evgenii I. Novitskii. 1955". Диалог со временем, nr 80(80) (5.12.2022): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.80.80.029.
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Публикуются письма известного историка, богослова, государственного и общественного деятеля к его другу, переехавшему незадолго до этого из Франции в США. Письма хранятся в Бахметевском архиве Колумбийского университета. Главное место в них отведено характеристике условий публикации книги А.В. Карташева «Воссоздание Святой Руси», что позволяет четко воспроизвести организационно-финан-совый контекст ее выхода в свет. В предисловии к публикации отмечается важность для понимания замысла и значения содержания книги общественно-политического, церковно-религиозного и академического контекстов, лишь намеченных в письмах. Среди других тем корреспонденции, значимых для изучения истории Свято-Сергиев-ского богословского православного института и биографии А.В. Карташева, публикатор выделяет изменение состава учащихся в институте и его роль в подготовке свя-щенников для православных церквей, а также вакации историка, использовавшиеся им для написания итоговых книг по истории Русской православной церкви и о Вселенских соборах. Особо отмечается мемориальное осмысление историком прошлого института, с которым оказалась неразрывно связанной его судьба в эмиграции. Letters of a famous historian, theologian, statesman and public figure to his friend, who had recently moved from France to the United States, are published. The letters are kept in the Bakhmeteff archive of Columbia University. The main place in them is given to the characteristics of the organizational and financial contexts of the publication of A. V. Kartashev’s book Reconstruction of Holy Russia. The preface to the publication notes also the importance of socio-political, church-religious and academic contexts, only outlined in the letters. In their totality they will allow to understand the author’s intention and the meaning of the book’s content. Among other topics of the correspondence that are significant for the study of the history of St. Sergious Theological Orthodox Institute and the biography of A. V. Kartashev, the publisher highlights the change in the composition of students at the institute and as a result of this its increased role in training priests for Orthodox churches, as well as the historian’s vacation, which he used to write the final books on the history of the Russian Orthodox Church and on the Ecumenical Councils. Finally, the publisher underlines the special significance of the historian’s memorial comprehension of the past of the institute, with which his fate in emigration was inextricably linked.
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Prendergast, A. "Scientific Biography in the United States". Choice Reviews Online 46, nr 02 (1.10.2008): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.46.02.227.
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Lookingbill, Brad. "Weisner And Hartford, Eds., American Portraits - Biographies In United States History". Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 23, nr 2 (1.09.1998): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.23.1.92-94.
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Teaching historians often assign biography to supplement reading lists for the introductory survey classroom, even though selecting which life to share might be a difficult process. Biography represents a unique form of history and literature, inviting a reader to come to terms with the significance of human agency. Indeed, a biography possesses the potential to reveal how a particular person influenced and was influenced by broader historical forces.
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Phillips, Carla Rahn, i William D. Phillips. "Christopher Columbus in United States Historiography: Biography as Projection". History Teacher 25, nr 2 (luty 1992): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/494269.
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Xu, Yihua. "Union Theological Seminary and the Christian Church in China". Journal of American-East Asian Relations 13, nr 1-2 (2006): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656106793645150.
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AbstractUnion Theological Seminary (Union) in New York City, established in 1836, has long been regarded as one of the best and most liberal Protestant theological seminaries in the United States. Served by prominent Christian theologians such as Harry Emerson Fosdick, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Paul Tillich, Union reached its peak development in the first half of the twentieth century, setting a standard of theological education in the United States and promoting the ecumenical movement around the world.
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Barilleaux, Ryan J. "Gonzo biography". Review of Politics 68, nr 2 (maj 2006): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670506280136.
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The single organizing fact of the Cold War was “the bomb.” In our present age of unipolarity, globalization, and the clash of civilizations, it is useful to remember that our current complexities exist only because the previous age of stark simplicity has passed into history. The decades from the end of World War II until the fall of Communism were years shaped by a nuclear standoff. The threat of nuclear conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union framed the politics and culture of the age. This framing was especially apparent in the 1950s and 1960s, before arms-control agreements lent an air of manageability to nuclear politics.
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Edward Beauchamp. "Education and Biography in the Contemporary United States: An Introduction". Biography 13, nr 1 (1990): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2010.0381.
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Berlin, Robert H. "United States Army World War II Corps Commanders: A Composite Biography". Journal of Military History 53, nr 2 (kwiecień 1989): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1985746.
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van Oorschot, Frederike. "‘Making Public Theology Operational’: Public Theology and the Church". International Journal of Public Theology 13, nr 2 (1.07.2019): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341572.
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AbstractThis article examines how public theologians aim to bring their theology into the practice of the church. In the first part it analyses the references to the church in the work of contemporary public theologians from the United States and Germany and suggests four different categories for the relations explored (explicit function, implicit function, public church, church as public). In the second part, it discusses three systematic aspects of these relations. First, following Kuyper, it defines the term ‘church’ more accurately. Second, it offers insights into liturgical research in order to help to sharpen the places where and means by which the implicit shaping of individual ethical behaviour in the church takes place, as exemplified in the work of Dirk Smit. Third, it discusses the task of pastors as mediators between church and theology.
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Reidy, David A. "Rawls and Racial Justice in the United States". Tocqueville Review 43, nr 1 (1.06.2022): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.43.1.69.
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It has become increasingly common for students and scholars to criticize Rawls’s work as irrelevant, or worse, when it comes to issues of race and justice. Though he clearly judges both structural and systemic racial hierarchy and interpersonal racial disrespect to be non-controversially unjust, Rawls does not much explore, either in his ideal theory or in his non-ideal theory, issues at the intersection of race and justice. In this essay, drawing from both his texts and biography, I highlight some of Rawls’s thoughts on, and the seriousness with which he approached, these matters. Though I do not attempt to answer all the criticisms that have been raised regarding Rawls’s approach to issues of race and justice, I answer a few and to point the way toward resources that might prove fruitful in answering others. With respect to issues of race and justice, there are good reasons, better than critics typically acknowledge, to continue exploring the extent to which working from within a Rawlsian framework we can successfully think through our aspirational ideals and eliminate existing injustices.
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Kubyshkin, Alexander, i Ivan Kurilla. "“Reluctant Diplomat”: Nikolai Vasilievich Novikov’s Biography Pages". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, nr 1 (marzec 2024): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2024.1.8.
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Introduction. The article analyzes the biography and diplomatic activities of Nikolai Vasilievich Novikov (1903–1989), a Soviet diplomat who represented the USSR in Cairo and in Washington during World War II and took part in the efforts to establish a new system of international relations at the beginning of the Cold War. Methods and materials. The article is based on published texts by Nikolai Novikov himself, diplomatic documents, periodicals, and materials from his personal archive, deposited in the Archive of the European University at St. Petersburg by the diplomat’s family. Analysis. The authors examine Novikov’s biography, the reasons for his rapid career in the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, his relations with Soviet foreign policy managers, and the circumstances of his resignation at a relatively young age. Special attention is paid to Novikov’s activities in the United States in the context of the emerging Cold War, the place of Novikov’s note (cable) in the process of shaping Soviet approaches to relations with the United States, and his own attitude to these approaches. Results. Novikov’s contribution to the shaping of the postwar world is underappreciated, as are his attempts to resist the changes that were breaking Soviet-American cooperation in the international arena. In fact, the strategic concepts formulated by Novikov in a memo to Molotov were the basis of the official Soviet interpretation of the causes and nature of the Cold War and were included in Soviet school and university textbooks on universal history and the history of international relations. Authors’ contributions. A.I. Kubyshkin analyzed the most important stages of Nikolai Novikov’s diplomatic activity and the general situation in relations between the USSR and the USA during the Second World War. He assessed Novikov’s activities from the political leadership of the USSR and foreign countries in which the Soviet diplomat worked. He also examined the most important aspects of the activities of Soviet diplomacy reflected in Novikov’s memoirs and carried out their internal criticism as a historical source. I.I. Kurilla processed the archive of Nikolai Novikov and identified and analyzed the corpus of sources of personal origin. He also analyzed the contents of Nikolai Novikov’s personal diaries, reviewed the personal contribution of N.V. Novikov in developing a strategy in relations with the United States in the initial period of the Cold War, and compared the contents of the “long telegram” of J. Kennan and the “Novikov telegram”.
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Griffiths, Jonathan. "Lives and works — biography and the law of copyright". Legal Studies 20, nr 4 (listopad 2000): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2000.tb00156.x.
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In both the United Kingdom and the United States, there have been a substantial number of copyright disputes concerning the creation of biographical works. Prominent recent examples have involved J D Salinger and Sir Stephen Spender. In many such disputes, the claimant's motive for bringing infringement proceedings is not financial but ‘personal’— for example, to protect privacy or reputation. In this article, it is argued that, when copyright is employed for such motives, inconsistent results can arise. In particular, in such cases, it is demonstrated that the possession of a copyright interest is capable of providing a number of apparently inequitable advantages to claimants whose privacy or reputation is threatened.
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Zenkevich, I. V. "Archibald Cary Coolidge: A Promoter of Russian Studies in the United States." Язык и текст 3, nr 3 (2016): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030307.
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The article is dedicated to the contribution of Harvard professor Archibald Cary Coolidge and his students into the rise and development of Russian studies in American Universities. The author believes that it was due to their personal interest and enthusiasm that the Russian language began to be taught in the USA universities. The article provides information about Coolidge’s biography, his approach to teaching Russian, and his work aimed at popularizing Russian and introducing it into the American higher education curriculum.
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Warren, Heather A. "The Theological Discussion Group and Its Impact on American and Ecumenical Theology, 1920–1945". Church History 62, nr 4 (grudzień 1993): 528–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3168076.
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Discussion about theological developments in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s has focused on the influence of European “crisis theology” and Reinhold Niebuhr. This approach, however, has overlooked the cooperative work carried out by the theologians and churchmen who pushed American Protestant thought towards neo-orthodoxy. At the core of this movement stood a group of young theologians who shared a generational identity, having known each other as student leaders in the YMCA, Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions (SVM), and the World's Student Christian Federation (WSCF). Among them were men and women who later held academic positions at America's most prestigious Protestant seminaries: Henry P. Van Dusen, John C. Bennett, the Niebuhr brothers, Walter M. Horton, Edwin E. Aubrey, Georgia Harkness, Robert L. Calhoun, John Mackay, Samuel McCrea Cavert, and the layman Francis P. Miller.
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Yoffee, Norman. "Robert McCormick Adams: An Archaeological Biography". American Antiquity 62, nr 3 (lipiec 1997): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/282162.
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Robert Adams celebrated his 70th birthday on July 23, 1996. Forty years ago American Antiquity published his first journal article, which helped launch a remarkable career. Adams has influenced not only fundamental aspects of social evolutionary theory and archaeological reconnaissance surveys but also the structure of support for science in the United States and abroad. At the 1996 meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Adams was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. This essay traces the intellectual influences on Adams, the progress of his fieldwork, and the exposition and development of his ideas in his monographs and major essays. The significance of his work is assessed, and a bibliography of his principal archaeological writings is included.
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Bañuelas, Arturo. "U.S. Hispanic Theology". Missiology: An International Review 20, nr 2 (kwiecień 1992): 275–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969202000212.
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A new theological voice is growing increasingly more articulate in the United States—the voice of U.S. Hispanic theologians. In this article Arturo Bañuelas surveys the work of seven major U.S. Hispanic thinkers, sets forth twelve characteristics that are common to this emerging theology, and presents six points of assessment. Even though it is in its nascent stages, Hispanic theology is being done with maturity and depth, and with a sense of urgency arising out of U.S. Hispanics' experience of suffering and marginalization.
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Guerini, Andréia, Antonia de Jesus Sales i Odile Cisneros. "Clarice Lispector’s translators in the United States". Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada 24, nr 47 (grudzień 2022): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2596-304x20222447agajsoc.
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ABSTRACT Clarice Lispector’s entry as an author into the United States happens at different moments, beginning in the 1950s, with the translation of several short stories, carried out among others by Elizabeth Bishop, culminating with a biography of the author written in English by Benjamin Moser in 2009, and a little later, with the publication of the short stories and other pieces, in the emblematic edition entitled The Complete Stories, in 2015, edited by Benjamin Moser and translated by Katrina Dodson. These publications put the translators in the spotlight, as they were responsible for renewing Clarice’s presence on American soil. This paper aims to research the translators of Clarice Lispector’s works in the English-speaking cultural system, considering only the American context. The aim is to highlight these professional figures who contributed to the dissemination of this important Brazilian writer abroad, analyze their profile, and also examine their presence and imprint on some of the translations performed, such as prefaces, postscripts, notes, etc., assessing the degree of visibility and invisibility (Venuti 2021). By considering the relevance of translators as social actors/dialogical bodies (Robinson, 1991, 2012) and as “translating subjects” (Berman, 1995) and the fact that English translations of Clarice’s works have influenced and stimulated the circulation of this author in other literary systems, by examining the biobibliographical profile, verifying its presence or not in the paratexts (Genette, 2009/Batchelor, 2018) of Clarice Lispector’s English-language translators and their translation position, as well as their project and horizon (Berman, 1995), we gain an understanding of the translation policies of a given cultural polysystem.
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Maxwell, William J., i Bill V. Mullen. "James Baldwin in the Fire This Time". James Baldwin Review 7, nr 1 (28.09.2021): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jbr.7.9.
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William J. Maxwell, editor of James Baldwin: The FBI File (2017), interviews Bill V. Mullen on his 2019 biography, James Baldwin: Living in Fire, along the way touching on both Baldwin’s early internationalism and his relevance to the current wave of racial discord and interracial possibility in the United States.
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Ferguson, Robert. "Remembering Tom Heck and His Legacy". Soundboard Scholar 7, nr 1 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/sbs.2021.7.18.
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An obituary of Thomas Heck (1943–2021), outlining his contributions to guitar scholarship, especially with reference to his seminal biography of Giuliani and his research into musical iconography. This article also describes his contribution to the classical guitar community in the United States, as the founding visionary of the Guitar Foundation of America.
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Murphy, John W., Steven L. Arxer i Linda L. Belgrave. "The Life Course Metaphor: Implications for Biography and Interpretive Research". Qualitative Sociology Review 6, nr 1 (27.12.2021): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.6.1.02.
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This paper reviews qualitative research in the United States, highlighting the ways research has changed in the era of the third age. With growing attention to positive and uplifting aspects of aging, qualitative research has played a critical role in the exploration of the ways in which older adults are engaging in meaningful ways with others. We describe two key methodological approaches that have been important to examining positive aspects of aging and exploring the extent to which a growing number of years of healthy retirement are redefining the aging experience: ethnographic research and grounded theory research. We also review key topics associated with qualitative research in the era of the third age. These topics fit within two dominant frameworks – research exploring meaningmaking in later life and research exploring meaningful engagement in later life. These frameworks were critically important to raising attention to meaningful experiences and interactions with others, and we propose that the agenda for future qualitative research in the United States should continue contributing to these frameworks. However, we note that a third framework should also be developed which examines what it means to be a third age through use of a phenomenological approach, which will assist in the important task of theory building about the third age.
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Jones-Armstrong, Amaryah. "The Spirit and the Subprime: Race, Risk, and Our Common Dispossession". Anglican Theological Review 98, nr 1 (wrzesień 2016): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000332861609800106.
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This essay argues that Sarah Coakley's understanding of contemplation and the Spirit's dispossessive work can provide timely interruption of contemporary economic crises when read beside Willie Jennings's indictment of Christianity's imagination as the production of race. Read together, contemplation and dispossession provide useful frames for analyzing and reimagining the common good. Here, I argue that theologians and church communities can understand Coakley's and Jennings's work as confrontations with racial capitalism. In particular, I take Coakley's attention to the need for dispossession by the Spirit to correspond with black theologians’ assertions that we must turn to the dispossessed in the United States—the black and brown poor—to find where God is at work. The racialized subprime debtors who are perpetually dispossessed, failing, and criminal are the people Christian theology must align with in order to confront its relation to white supremacy. By contemplating alternative conceptions of property and ownership foregrounded by the concept of dispossession, we can begin to imagine, perceive, and practice an otherwise common good.
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Jackson, Michael D. "Between Biography and Ethnography". Harvard Theological Review 101, nr 3-4 (październik 2008): 377–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816008001910.
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My point of departure in this essay is Davíd Carrasco's Convocation Address at the Harvard Divinity School in September 2006. Speaking of the borderlands between Mexico and the United States, Carrasco projects an image of a vexed and ambiguous zone that is not merely geographic or political; it defines an existential situation of being betwixt and between, of struggle and suffering, that Karl Jaspers sums up in the term Grenzsituationen (borders/limit situations). The frontier throws up images of borderline experiences, of a destabilized and transgressive consciousness in which “dreams, repressed memories, psychological transferences and associations” possess greater presence than they do in ordinary waking life, and religious experiences emerge from the unconscious like apparitions. This interplay between borderlands and borderline phenomena—between “the differences we have with others and the conflicts within ourselves” also finds expression in the work of Gloria Anzaldúa. “Mestiza consciousness,” she observes, may be identified with a “juncture … where phenomena collide.” This implies “a shock culture, a border culture, a third country” where migrants find themselves at the limits of what they can endure, border patrol agents are stretched beyond the limits of what they can control, and intellectuals find that orthodox ways of describing and analyzing the world do not do justice to the experiences involved.
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Abeshouse, Marnie, Scott Goldstein i Benjamin Phillips. "Mark M. Ravitch: A Staple in Surgical History and Innovation". American Surgeon 86, nr 2 (luty 2020): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313482008600212.
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Mark M. Ravitch is a surgeon worth acknowledging. He is credited for revolutionizing pediatric surgery as a subspecialty, mastering chest wall deformities and introducing the surgical stapler to the United States, to name a few. Above all, he was a notable leader, teacher, and author. This historical vingette is a brief snapshot of his biography and various achievements.
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Drexler-Dreis, Joseph. "Decolonial Theology in the North Atlantic World". Brill Research Perspectives in Theology 3, nr 3 (16.09.2019): 1–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683493-12340007.
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Abstract This essay develops a response to the historical situation of the North Atlantic world in general and the United States in particular through theological reflection. It offers an overview of some decolonial perspectives with which theologians can engage, and argues for a general perspective for a decolonial theology as a possible response to modern/colonial structures and relations of power, particularly in the United States. Decolonial theory holds together a set of critical perspectives that seek the end of the modern/colonial world-system and not merely a democratization of its benefits. A decolonial theology, it is argued, critiques how the confinement of knowledge to European traditions has closed possibilities for understanding historical encounters with divinity, and thus possibilities of critical reflection. A decolonial theology reflects critically on a historical situation in light of faith in a divine reality, the understanding of which is liberated from the monopoly of modern/colonial ways of knowing, in order to catalyze social transformation.
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Filimonova, Maria. "Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (1746–1825): Three-Time Presidential Candidate of the United States". Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, nr 3 (2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640020236-7.
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Charles Cotesworth Pinckney is one of the forgotten “founding fathers” of the United States. His diverse military, political and diplomatic activities have been poorly studied in American historiography and have received little attention on the part of Russian Americanists. The study of his biography is particularly relevant in the light of current trends in American society, where the activities of the “founding fathers” are viewed narrowly, solely through the prism of slavery and racism. Hence the aim of this article is to use the biography of a Southerner from the revolutionary era to illustrate how the defence of slavery could be combined with the values of classical republicanism and the principles of the Enlightenment in the worldview of the "founding fathers". The source base of the study is largely founded on the electronic archive of the Pinckney family, published by the University of Virginia. Publications of the debates of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and materials of the ratification campaign, as well as South Carolina periodicals were also used. From available sources, the author concludes that Pinckney followed the ethical models of classical republicanism. In politics, Pinckney aimed at a republic ruled by virtue and talent. However, like an ancient polis, Pinckney’s ideal state was a state of a free minority. From his point of view, freedom and equality had nothing to do with slaves. Nevertheless, he remained in history as one of the authors of the US Constitution, and as a diplomat who refused to submit to extortion by the French Directory. He ran for president of the United States three times and, although he lost each time, he emerged from the ordeal with an unblemished reputation, which was rare in a fiercely partisan struggle.
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Coblentz, Jessica. "Catholic Fasting Literature in a Context of Body Hatred: A Feminist Critique". Horizons 46, nr 2 (22.10.2019): 215–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2019.55.
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Some concerned Catholic theologians and popular writers have addressed the ubiquity of body hatred in the United States in their prescriptive considerations of liturgical fasting. This essay brings a feminist theological lens to their writings to argue that this Catholic fasting literature presents dualistic and decontextualized accounts of embodiment and of sacramental practice that reify the discursive structures of body hatred in the US context. In response, the author advocates for a shift in Catholic theological discourse about fasting as one attempt to resist body hatred and support more liberative possibilities for embodiment in this context.*
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Copeland, M. Shawn. "Turning Theology: A Proposal". Theological Studies 80, nr 4 (grudzień 2019): 753–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040563919874510.
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Drawing out Stephen Bevans’s thesis that Christian theologizing has never been an exclusively European project, this article proposes that theologians working within the context of the United States turn their theological praxis to consideration of persons in all our splendid, impoverished, joyous, sobering, and diverse humanity. The article accords particular attention to cultural pluralism and interculturality along with transdisciplinary methods of theologizing. Given the violent public activity of white racist supremacist groups and individuals along with the barrage of racist verbal assaults and tweets by high-ranking officials, theology’s active and public defense of human persons has never been more necessary.
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Moser, M. Theresa. "Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Theologians and the Mandatum". Horizons 27, nr 2 (2000): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s036096690003259x.
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AbstractThe title of my reflections is “Between a Rock and A Hard Place,” which I think aptly describes the situation of Catholic theologians in the United States since the bishops' meeting of November 1999. The imagery refers to the rock of Peter, the hard place to the problems the mandatum raises for ourselves and our Catholic colleges and universities. My question is: What can the social sciences tell us about our present dilemma? First, I will look at the history of the problem as we have experienced it in the U.S. Next, the bishops' document is now in the hands of the Roman Curia, so I will look at the role of that institution. And finally, I will review quickly events to date in the light of evidence from the social sciences and suggest a possible strategy to deal with the situation in our U.S. context.
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Shchipkov, V. A. "Systemic Pressure of the United States on the Russian Orthodox Church in the Ideological and Geopolitical Confrontation". Orthodoxia, nr 1 (27.09.2023): 10–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2022-1-10-125.
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The paper represents the interim results of a study conducted by the Russian Expert School Research Centre and reveals the politics, as well as scientifi c and expert mechanisms, used by the United States when applying the religious factor for geopolitical purposes. It also examines the way the United States exploits the religious agenda to put the direct political pressure on Russia. The purpose of the study is to identify the mechanisms used by the United States to deliver international pressure on world Orthodoxy and the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1998, the USA adopted the Law on International Religious Freedom, which secured the right of the USA to interfere with religious processes occurring in other countries. For the practical implementation of this law, the United States established an extensive network of governmental institutions, as well as non-governmental structures, formally independent from the government but closely related to it, that would provide ideological, political and administrative support in this area. These institutions and structures involved off icials, scientists, experts, journalists, religious leaders and theologians interested in promoting American national interests. In the 2000s, the weakening of the international infl uence of the Russian Orthodox Church and the weakening of Russia’s role as the centre of world Orthodoxy became the key direction for the international religious policy of the United States. The USA used the Patriarchate of Constantinople as the main tool to split the Russian Church and world Orthodoxy. The strongest strike intended to reduce the infl uence of the Russian Church was infl icted by the United States in Ukraine, where, after the coup d’etat 2014, the сanonical Orthodox Church (Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate) found itself in the most vulnerable position. The United States has launched a system struggle against the Russian Orthodox Church, which includes theological, expert and media levels, as well as events of direct (administrative and physical) pressure on the Moscow Patriarchate parishes. The United States aims the global vector of this activity at dividing and weakening world Orthodoxy, and the local one — at destroying historical spiritual ties between Orthodoxy in Russia and Orthodoxy in Ukraine.
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Sergieva, Natalia S. "American Stage of Pitirim Sorokin’s Linguistic Biography". Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 16, nr 1 (15.12.2019): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-16-1-35-44.
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The article discusses the features of the bilingualism of an eminent sociologist of the twentieth century Pitirim Sorokin in the American period of his life. The purpose of the study is to identify and explain the linguistic features of his scientific thinking in connection with the development of his scientific worldview. The study is based on the materials of Pitirim A. Sorokin Collection at the University of Saskatchewan (Canada). Archival manuscripts and research notes allow us to trace the process of changing the language and switching codes in the professional activities of Pitirim Sorokin after moving to the United States of America. It has been established that the use of a mixed metalanguage by Pitirim Sorokin can be considered as additional evidence of the continued connection with the Russian period of his life and scientific activity. Russian remained for him a tool of scientific thinking, planning and management.
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Tong, David. "The Relationship Between Christianity and Science: A Brief Historical Study on Darwinism and the Old Princeton Theologians". Societas Dei: Jurnal Agama dan Masyarakat 1, nr 1 (24.10.2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33550/sd.v1i1.49.
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Abstract: Richard Dawkins openly declares that he is strongly against religion since religion destroys scientific works. This assumption is not something new. Since the end of the 19th century there was a development of a thesis that claims Christianity and science are two antagonistic poles. Although this thesis is now inadequate, many Christians are still holding on to this view. In realty, the development of Darwinism in the United States is also supported by Christian scientists. When we study Old Princeton theologians we find that they have different attitude about science. When they face pressure on the development of science (in this case evolution), they actually are not reticent in accepting the fact of evolution although they reject mechanistic and naturalistic interpretation of Darwinism upon those facts. Old Princeton theologians give examples on how Christian should take a stand on science. Evangelicals in Indonesia can learn a lot of from their history and tradition. KEYWORDS: Charles Hodge, Archibald Alexander Hodge, Benjamin Breckinridge Warfiled, John Gresham Machen, Old Princeton, evolution, theistic evolution, Darwinism
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Kimmage, Michael. "Gary Murrell. “The Most Dangerous Communist in the United States”: A Biography of Herbert Aptheker." American Historical Review 122, nr 3 (czerwiec 2017): 875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.3.875.
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Kalu, OU. "James Cone’s legacy in Africa: Confession as political praxis in the Kairos Document". Verbum et Ecclesia 27, nr 2 (17.11.2006): 576–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v27i2.165.
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This reflection sets out to achieve three goals: the key is to show the legacy of James Cone from a global perspective, specifically his contributions to the development of African theology. The second is the irony that Cone was influenced by Karl Barth’ s Barmen declaration in his response to the outrage against blacks in the United States in the violent late 1960s. This dimension has escaped scholarly attention. Thirdly, both Cone and the Barmen declaration influenced South African theologians who scripted the Kairos Document. Each party contextualized the use of the strategy; but for all, confession served as a form of political praxis.
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OSHATZ, MOLLY. "THE PROBLEM OF MORAL PROGRESS: THE SLAVERY DEBATES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBERAL PROTESTANTISM IN THE UNITED STATES". Modern Intellectual History 5, nr 2 (sierpień 2008): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244308001637.
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The slavery debates in the antebellum United States sparked a turning point in American theology. They forced moderately antislavery Protestants, including William Ellery Channing, Francis Wayland, and Horace Bushnell, to reconcile their contradictory loyalties to the Bible and to antislavery reform. Unable to use the letter of the Bible to make a scriptural case against slavery in itself, the moderates argued that although slavery had been acceptable in biblical times, it had become a sin. Antislavery Protestantism required a theory of moral progress, a deeply unorthodox idea that became fundamental to the development of late nineteenth-century liberal Protestantism. The antislavery argument from moral progress, along with the moral progress represented by abolition, established a progressive conception of revelation that would be further developed by late nineteenth-century liberal theologians, including Newman Smyth, Lyman Abbott, and Theodore Munger.
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Shumakov, A. A. "THE LIFE OF MARTIN ROBINSON DELANY'S AND EVOLUTION HIS IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS". Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 01, nr 05 (25.03.2021): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-01-141-153.
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This article examines the evolution of the ideological and political views of Martin Robinson Delany, who is credited with the first conceptual justification of the doctrine of "black nationalism" in the United States. The author analyzes the main milestones of the biography of this figure, his rich literary heritage, focusing on the consideration of the internal dialectics of Delany's political philosophy, the variability and inconsistency of his views at various stages of life. Special attention is paid to Delany's attitude to the ideology of pan-Africanism and black nationalism, as well as his controversy with Frederick Douglass. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Russian academic science to present the biography and analysis of the ideological and theoretical heritage of an outstanding African-American public figure, an assessment of his contribution to the struggle for the rights of the black population in the United States. The source base is the work of Delany himself and his biographies, none of which has been translated into Russian. A number of sources are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The historical-genetic and historical-typological methods are used as specific historical methods in this work.
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beahrs, andrew. "Twain's Feast: ““The American”” at Table". Gastronomica 7, nr 2 (2007): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2007.7.2.26.
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While touring Europe in 1879, Mark Twain composed a long menu of the eighty American foods he professed to miss the most. Drawn from his own fondest memories of life in the United States, the menu allowed him to think of America without the bitterness that so often characterized his political commentary. Instead of a nation of hypocrisy and greed, he imagined a country of abundance and mighty appetite, the source of the folkways that he celebrated throughout his work. Maintaining this image required notable omissions, as he carefully constructed an image of America without details that could have undermined the contrast between the complex "shams" of Europe and his supposedly simple, genuine home country. The result was an idealized portrayal not only of the United States, but of Twain's own biography and authorial persona.
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Barnett, Victoria. "I. Teaching and Theologizing about Religion and Genocide: Some Reflections". Horizons 47, nr 1 (18.05.2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2020.50.
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A quarter of a century has passed since the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda and the 1995 genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The anniversaries of these tragedies beckon us to reflect on the responsibility of theologians, scholars of religion, and religious educators to confront genocide. How should scholars use the tools of these disciplines to educate about genocide responsibly and promote peace and respect for human dignity and rights in the wake of such tragedy? How might they utilize their intellectual, spiritual, and material resources to help prevent violent extremism and genocide? Four scholars who have profoundly engaged these questions in their academic work generously agreed to contribute to this roundtable. One of them writes directly from his context of Rwanda, while another writes from her homeland in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The two scholars based in the United States have also systematically confronted the problem of ethnic and religious hatred and genocide, focusing on the Holocaust and the Bosnian genocide, respectively. All four contributors serve as remarkable examples of theologians and scholars of religion who have used their training and skills to promote a world where “never again” is not merely a slogan.
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Keenan, James F. "REGARDING AMORIS LAETITIA: ITS LANGUAGE, ITS RECEPTION, SOME CHALLENGES, AND AGNOSTICISM OF SOME OF THE HIERARCHY". Perspectiva Teológica 53, nr 1 (29.04.2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v53n1p41/2021.
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Five years after its promulgation, the apostolic exhortation Amoris Laetitia is continuing to shape the church by reforming its pastoral ministry in particular, its work in marriage and family life. This essay looks at the key contents of the lengthy document by considering the rich language it uses as well as the varied imaginative modes of reception by bishops, theologians, and lay leaders. It investigates a sustained criticism that argues for further reform, though in line with the basic arguments of Amoris Laetitia. It notes, nonetheless, that in the United States some of the episcopacy display an indifference to the magisterial teaching and concludes suggesting that that indifference needs to be investigated.
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Graham, Gordon. "Understanding America Better A Ten-book Challenge". Logos 23, nr 2 (2012): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11111115.
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AbstractEleven Americans, including a publisher, an international entrepreneur, two librarians, an historian, an art designer, a real estate agent, an author, an academic, an IT consultant and a bibliophile, were asked to choose which ten books they would recommend to a new arrival in the United States. Their target was defined as literate in English, well read, and with an intelligent outsider's knowledge of the United States. The participants, who made their choices unbeknown to one another, were invited to annotate their choices. The result is a kaleidoscope of views and arguments, with surprisingly little overlap, reflecting the endless diversity of the subject. The earliest of the 87 titles recommended is dated 1786, the most recent 2011. They include the famous and the obscure, scholarly and popular, tomes and light reading, poetry and essays, history and biography, science and sociology.
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Halperin, Charles J. "(Re)Discovering George Vernadsky". Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography 11, nr 1 (1.10.2018): 134–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102388-01100006.
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Andrei Dvornichenko’s impressive Russkii istorik. Georgii Vernadskii. Puteshestviia v mire liudei, idei i sobytii is the first biography of the Russian émigré historian of Russia who was one of the founding fathers of the study of Russian history in the United States. Dvornichenko’s book surveys Vernadsky’s life and prodigious scholarly output in detail. It is now the standard work on the subject. Anyone interested in the Russian emigration, Russian historiography, or Russian history in general should read this monograph.
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Stotts, Jonathan. "Obedience as Belonging: Catholic Guilt and Frequent Confession in America". Religions 10, nr 6 (5.06.2019): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10060370.
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From the late 19th to the mid-20th century, the practice of private confession to a priest was a mainstay of Catholic parish life in the United States. By the 1970s, Catholics had largely abandoned the practice of private confession. One dominant narrative among Catholic theologians and clergy, identified chiefly with the papacy of John Paul II, attributes the decline in confession to the loss of healthy guilt that took place during the cultural upheaval of the 1960s. In conversation with the work of psychologist and philosopher Antoine Vergote, the present article challenges this narrative, arguing that a collective and unhealthy Catholic guilt existed among American Catholics well before the 1960s and in fact characterized the period in which private confession was practiced most frequently. I contend that obedience to moral prescriptions was not, for ordinary Catholics, part of an ethical program of self-reform but the condition for belonging to a church body that emphasized obedience. Finally, examining the relationship between weekly reception of communion and confession, I suggest that private confession emerged to support frequent communion, persisting only until the latter became standard practice among Catholics in the United States.
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Wessman, Robert Aaron. "The church’s witness in a secular age: A Hauerwasian response to privatized and individualized religion". Missiology: An International Review 45, nr 1 (17.10.2016): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091829616673400.
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Stanley Hauerwas has been noted for his theology of missionary “witness.” However, his theology is not uncontroversial. Of late, it is argued that his theology of witness does not often, or sufficiently, attend to the nature and complexity of belief for those people who live in contemporary, Western society. Part of this complexity, as highlighted by various sociologists and theologians, is that religion has become individualized and privatized. These are serious challenges to the church’s engagement with contemporary society, which Hauerwas does not always seem to adequately address. It will be the purpose of this article, however, to attempt to overcome this lacuna in Hauerwas’s theology, and explore if, and how, his theology might serve as a response to some of the specific challenges arising out of the growing trend towards “privatized religion” in the United States. This will be accomplished by bringing into dialogue Hauerwas’s later work on witness, with some of the sociological insights provided by Charles Taylor and Robert Wuthnow. It will be argued that Hauerwas’s theology of witness, though incomplete, does provide insights that might be helpful to the church in her missionary efforts in the United States.
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Soliman, Maryan. ""The Most Dangerous Communist in the United States": A Biography of Herbert Aptheker by Gary Murrell". Journal of Southern History 83, nr 2 (2017): 479–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/soh.2017.0150.
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Rozborski, Grzegorz. "Secularism as a Challenge for the Catholic Church in the United States of America in the 21st Century". Roczniki Teologiczne 69, nr 6 (29.06.2022): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rt.22696.5.
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Secularism is a founding principle of the United States of America. Historically, Americans have viewed secularism as a means to protect freedom of religion for its citizenry from a state imposed religion or, conversely, state imposed agnosticism. The American Catholic Church in the 21st century respects the separation of Church and State because it upholds the principle of religious freedom. Contemporary aggressive secularism becomes a challenge for the Church as it increasingly hinders the realization of her mission in the world. Secularism is also a challenge for pastoral theology, whose task is to create models of pastoral activity adapted to the conditions of a specific place and time. Thus, the problem of this study can be expressed in the following question: what is the perception of secularism in the United States, what challenges does it present for the Catholic Church in the 21st Century and how is the Church to fulfill her mission in American society? The answer will be established through analysis of universal Church documents, presentation of the teaching of the Church in the United States and review of the publications of American theologians and sociologists.
This article reviews the historical, cultural and ecclesiastical understanding of secularism in the United States as an ideology, and compares it to the modern understanding of secularism as it pertains to the organization of American society. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of secularism as ideology and overarching societal organization on the modern American Catholic Church, the Church's role and impact in American society and the Church's vital and moral need to maintain its relevance through evangelization and ongoing participation in social justice issues in American society despite its minority status and the impact of recent scandals.
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La Follette, Laetitia. "Looted Antiquities, Art Museums and Restitution in the United States since 1970". Journal of Contemporary History 52, nr 3 (27.07.2016): 669–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416641198.
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US attitudes towards restitution and the problem of looted antiquities have shifted since 1970, as pressure builds to change norms for the acquisition of unprovenanced artefacts that have fueled a transnational trade in stolen objects and the depredation of archaeological sites worldwide. This article traces several triggers for change and initial steps towards a revised policy while also cataloguing areas of resistance. It examines the mechanisms of US government policy for international heritage protection and suggests that domestic legislation of the 1990s protecting the heritage of Native Americans has played a significant role in changing museum attitudes and policies. The new transparency for indigenous artifacts has produced museum displays that address their ownership history, larger social context and the distinctly different values assigned them by various groups. For classical antiquities, in contrast, attention to aesthetics still trumps such vital contextual information. This article suggests a different approach, one that showcases the biography of the object, its various lives or contexts, and the way different stakeholders have valued it over time. By drawing attention to restitution and the looting of heritage sites, such an approach better explains the history of the work of art and the continued importance of antiquity today.
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Weiser, François. "The Periti of the United States and the Second Vatican Council: Prosopography of a Group of Theologians". U.S. Catholic Historian 30, nr 3 (2012): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cht.2012.0012.
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Sarot, Marcel. "Patripassianism, Theopaschitism and the Suffering of God. Some Historical and Systematic Considerations". Religious Studies 26, nr 3 (wrzesień 1990): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500020527.
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In contemporary theology the doctrine of divine impassibility is a hot issue. The doubts about this doctrine in the present century have their earliest roots in British theology, where we can trace the passibilist tendency back to the last ten years of the nineteenth century. It received a powerful impetus from the First World War, and by the time the Second World War broke out it was almost generally accepted in British theology that God suffered. Since then this tendency has spread to the rest of Europe, notably to France and Germany, to the United States and to Asia. Although it cannot be denied that most of the theologians who explicitly state their views on divine impassibility, hold that this doctrine is to a greater or lesser degree false, the debate over this issue is far from closed. Recently Richard Creel published a thorough study in defence of divine impassibility, which, I expect, will prove quite influential. Apart from him some other theologians defend the doctrine as well. Moreover, the fact that many authors consider it necessary at present to write books and articles in defence of divine passibility also indicates that the truth of the passibilist position is not yet taken for granted by everyone.
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Chandler, David. "Paul Mus (1902––1969): A Biographical Sketch". Journal of Vietnamese Studies 4, nr 1 (2009): 149–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2009.4.1.149.
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Using recently available archival materials, this essay presents a new,detailed biography of Paul Mus (1902––1969), a brilliant scholar of Buddhism, a brave soldier, and a public intellectual who was out of step with the French establishment in the 1940s and 1950s as an early opponent of the First Indochina War and the French war in Algeria. His profound and timely insights into Vietnamese nationalism, largely ignored at the time, have had a delayed and positive impact on Vietnamese studies in France and the United States.
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Da Valle, Horacio R. "Constructing liberating identities: Power, resistance, and dignity in the Latino diaspora". Review & Expositor 114, nr 3 (sierpień 2017): 388–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034637317722145.
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The Latino/a presence is increasingly visible in the United States, yet their rich cultural diversity is mostly ignored, and their identities are homogenized under names that are mostly not of their choosing. US Hispanics often suffer marginalization, discrimination, and oppression and, as the ultimate insult, the obliteration of their personal and collective identities. Latino/a theologians, in their contextual approach to the theological task, employ different theoretical tools to critically engage the context of the Latino/a experience and seek commonalities amid many differences to establish an identity. In this article, I argue that the conjunction of the notions of diaspora, empire, and praxis offers a valid portrayal of the lived experiences of Latino/a Christians in the United States. Using a Foucauldian approach to address the pervasive presence of power in that context, I suggest that Foucault’s notion of care of the self articulates a way of resistance that is liberating. Then, the Latino/a praxis of resistance and care of the self, analogous to that of Jesus, offers a theological construction of human beings, with concrete, historical, and personal lives of utmost value to God, and freedom to name who they are in the walk of those lives. In that process, identities are always provisional.
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Zhao, Bingxiang. "Returning life to society: Biography as a narrative of the whole". Chinese Journal of Sociology 7, nr 2 (kwiecień 2021): 217–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057150x211009664.
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Biography is a unique form of narration in ethnography and historiography. This article attempts to position Lin Yueh-Hwa’s works within the context of sociological and anthropological debate since the 1920s. In doing so it explores the potential uses of the biographical method in the study of Chinese history and society. Although Lin was a bearer of the biographical tradition of Chinese literature and history, his works were also profoundly influenced by both the narrative method of life history in the United States and social-life studies in France. In addition to these two influential biographical traditions, anthropologists in Britain developed the genealogical approach to investigating sacred kingship. This study regards these three traditions of individual-life biography, social-life studies and genealogy as a “biographic triad”. Relevant works in contemporary Chinese sociology and anthropology are reviewed within this framework. It is conceivable that phenomenological description alone is insufficient when applying the biographical method. One must take into consideration Chinese centralized power and the overall social structure of China. Only by placing “life biography” against society’s ever-changing processes can one turn individual stories into powerful narratives depicting the whole structure of Chinese social life.