Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / The warabandi

Spis treści

  1. Artykuły w czasopismach
  2. Rozprawy doktorskie
  3. Książki

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „The warabandi”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 1 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "The warabandi"

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Narain, Vishal. "Warabandi as a sociotechnical system for canal water allocation: opportunities and challenges for reform". Water Policy 10, nr 4 (1.08.2008): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.057.

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This paper describes and evaluates the warabandi system of irrigation prevalent in NorthWest India and Pakistan. It argues that warabandi needs to be understood as a composite sociotechnical system comprising a physical infrastructure and a corresponding institutional arrangement for rationing and sharing water. This has implications for efforts at replicating the system in other parts of the region. An understanding of these features is also essential in assessing the prospects and potential for irrigation management reform in the region. The paper concludes by identifying some challenges and opportunities for management reform in the warabandi system.
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Qureshi, Sarfraz Khan, Zakir Hussain i Zeb-Un-Nisa. "An Assessment of Warabandi (Irrigation Rotation) in Pakistan: A Preliminary Analysis". Pakistan Development Review 33, nr 4II (1.12.1994): 845–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i4iipp.845-855.

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A significant feature of Pakistan's agriculture is that it is served by the Indus irrigation system, which is one of the largest contiguous irrigation systems in the world. The system comprises of the Indus River and its tributaries, three major storage reservoirs, 19 barrages/headworks, 43 canals, and 12 link canals and 43 canals covering about 43,000 chaks or village settlements. The total length of the canal system is about 40,000 miles with over 80,000 water courses, field channels ' and ditches running for another million miles. About 100--106 million acre feet (MAP) of surface irrigation supplies are diverted annually into the canal system. Only 60 percent of this water reaches the farmgate due mainly to low efficiency in the delivery of water. The historical review of the area, production and yield trends shows that agricultural production in the past has increased mainly due to expansion in irrigated acreage while the contribution of changes in yields has been insignificant. In general, agricultural production can be increased by either expanding the irrigated cropped area or by raising the crop yields. It is highly unlikely that Pakistan will be able to satisfy the food needs of the rapidly increasing population through yield increases alone. This means that there ia a need to increase the irrigated cropped area through additional water supplies and by improving the efficiency of water use through using the water resources in a scientific manner.
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Goldsmith, H., i I. W. Makin. "A comparison of two methodologies for assessment of irrigation performance under the Warabandi system". Irrigation and Drainage Systems 5, nr 1 (luty 1991): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01102774.

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Ali, Muhammad, Suneel Kumar i Pasand Ali Khoso. "Institutional Analysis of Water Governance in Pakistan". Global Legal Studies Review III, nr I (30.12.2018): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2018(iii-i).02.

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Pakistan is said to be at the brink of being a water-scarce country current per capita water availability is 1090 m3 per year. This point to the water governance issues in Pakistan. Given these problems, a debate among scholars and policymakers is what governance model should Pakistan adopt to manage its water resources effectively. A few of them are a proponent of privatization of water, while others argue that traditional warabandi can still be an effective way to manage the water if certain loopholes in the system can be addressed. In this paper, we discuss both models and analysis with institutional theories of (water) property rights and relations, state authority, and neoliberalism to analyze the pros and cons of both models. In conclusion, we enlist the problems that persist in both models and provide recommendations for better governance of water in Pakistan.
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Meinzen-Dick, Rum. "Private Tubewell Development and Groundwater Markets in Pakistan: A District-level Analysis". Pakistan Development Review 33, nr 4II (1.12.1994): 857–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i4iipp.857-869.

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Groundwater irrigation, which was developed in the 1960s to increase vertical drainage to prevent waterlogging and salinisation in canal commands, has now become a major component of the overall irrigation sector in Pakistan. An estimated 37 percent of total irrigation supplies at the farm gate comes from groundwater [NESPAK (1991)]. Along with the shift in purpose for groundwater development from providing drainage to providing irrigation supplies, has come a shift from public to private tubewells as the primary source of groundwater in Pakistan. The increase in private tubewells has not only increased the total availability of water for crop production, but also provided farmers with greater control over irrigation supplies. Because groundwater from private tubewells is generally not tied to the rigid warabandi schedule of canal deliveries, water applications can be more closely matched to crop requirements. The result is higher yields and higher economic returns to irrigated agriculture [Meinzen-Di
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Ahmad, Ijaz, Saqib Manzoor Ahmed, Sajid Mahmood, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Saleem i Muhammad Rizwan. "To Develop a Crop Water Allocation Model for Optimal Water Allocation in the Warabandi Irrigation System". Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, nr 10 (21.03.2019): 8585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03818-6.

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BHATTI, N. B., A. L. QURESHI, G. S. SOLANGI i S. PANHWAR. "Effect of Watercourse Lining on Water Distribution (Warabandi) in the Command Area of Laiqpur Ex Ali Bahar Minor, District Sujawal, Sindh, Pakistan". SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES 49, nr 004 (19.12.2017): 807——812. http://dx.doi.org/10.26692/surj/2017.12.62.

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Zia, Huma, Ahsan Rehman, Nick R. Harris, Sundus Fatima i Muhammad Khurram. "An Experimental Comparison of IoT-Based and Traditional Irrigation Scheduling on a Flood-Irrigated Subtropical Lemon Farm". Sensors 21, nr 12 (17.06.2021): 4175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124175.

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Over recent years, the demand for supplies of freshwater is escalating with the increasing food demand of a fast-growing population. The agriculture sector of Pakistan contributes to 26% of its GDP and employs 43% of the entire labor force. However, the currently used traditional farming methods such as flood irrigation and rotating water allocation system (Warabandi) results in excess and untimely water usage, as well as low crop yield. Internet of things (IoT) solutions based on real-time farm sensor data and intelligent decision support systems have led to many smart farming solutions, thus improving water utilization. The objective of this study was to compare and optimize water usage in a 2-acre lemon farm test site in Gadap, Karachi, for a 9-month duration, by deploying an indigenously developed IoT device and an agriculture-based decision support system (DSS). The sensor data are wirelessly collected over the cloud and a mobile application, as well as a web-based information visualization, and a DSS system makes irrigation recommendations. The DSS system is based on weather data (temperature and humidity), real time in situ sensor data from the IoT device deployed in the farm, and crop data (Kc and crop type). These data are supplied to the Penman–Monteith and crop coefficient model to make recommendations for irrigation schedules in the test site. The results show impressive water savings (~50%) combined with increased yield (35%) when compared with water usage and crop yields in a neighboring 2-acre lemon farm where traditional irrigation scheduling was employed and where harsh conditions sometimes resulted in temperatures in excess of 50 °C.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "The warabandi"

1

Zardari, Noor-ul-Hassan Civil &amp Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "An improved multicriterion analysis approach to avoid subjectivity in irrigation water allocation decisions". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41300.

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The performance of the century-old irrigation system of Pakistan (i.e. warabandi) has been evaluated using socio-economic data gathered by the author in multiple farmers?? surveys (n=278) conducted in Indus Basin of Pakistan. In the surveyed regions, the warabandi system was performing poorly. In-built rigidity in water allocations was found as main reason behind its poor performance. The results from the farmers?? surveys also revealed that the objective of increasing irrigation water productivity would never be attained under the warabandi arrangements. Hence, a completely new concept that could replace the warabandi system and improve the productivity of limited irrigation water should be introduced. My aim was to find a better way to allocate the scarce water resource between farmers. In this study, I have introduced a new concept for determining water allocations among the farmers, which is based on a multicriterion decision making (MCDM) approach. The consideration of multiple criteria in irrigation water allocations would improve irrigation water productivity. Upon an extensive survey of well-known MCDM methods, I concluded that all previously existing MCDM methods were using subjective inputs, usually from a single modeller, to establish priorities of alternatives and therefore, a predetermined solution could easily be obtained. I have developed an approach based on conjoint analysis which removes that subjectivity from the chosen MCDM method (i.e. ELECTRE). Interval scales and relative importance criteria weights, two usually subjective inputs in ELECTRE, are objectively estimated from the conjoint analysis study. For that purpose, the author designed a conjoint questionnaire and administered it to 62 farmer respondents in face-to-face interviews. Conjoint analysis, which does not appear to have been previously used in water resources or allocation studies, is a method for creating the interval scales and the relative criteria weights objectively from the respondents?? judgements on the importance of conjoint objects. The objective estimation of these two important factors is a completely new development which can assist in the unbiased determination of the best division or allocation of scarce water resources between farmers. The approach is applied, as a demonstration, to a region with nine distributary watercourses to determine which of the distributaries should have the highest priority for allocation of the regional water.
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Książki na temat "The warabandi"

1

Bandaragoda, D. J. Warabandi in Pakistan's canal irrigation systems: Widening gap between theory and practice. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute, 1995.

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Bandaragoda, D. J. Design and practice of water allocation rules: Lessons from Warabandi in Pakistan's Punjab. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute, 1998.

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3

Design and Practice of Water Allocation Rules: Lessons from Warabandi in Pakistan's Punjab (Research Report). International Water Management Institute, 1998.

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