Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „The Condition of the Apprentices”
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Garval, Michael D. "The Miserable, Mythical, Magical Marmiton". Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 44, nr 3 (1.12.2018): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2018.440306.
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Revealing paradoxes abounded in early Third Republic French representations of the marmiton, or culinary apprentice. Investigative reportage and reformist discourse exposed apprentices’ miserable existence while still depicting these young fellows as playful and carefree. Conversely, popular marmiton mythology, particularly in children’s literature, idealized culinary apprenticeship, amid glimpses of harsh living and working conditions, while also highlighting admittedly rare opportunities for ambitious apprentices to achieve substantial public success. Max Jacob’s children’s book Histoire du Roi Kaboul Ier et du Marmiton Gauwain provides an emblematic example with its parodic fairy-tale rendering of celebrity chef Auguste Escoffier’s extraordinary triumphs. Ultimately, while enchanting, the rosy popular vision of the magical marmiton obfuscated exploitative child labor practices underpinning the whole culinary enterprise in this supposed golden age of French gastronomy.
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Muehlemann, Samuel, i Stefan C. Wolter. "Can Spanish firms offer dual apprenticeships without making a net investment? Empirical evidence based on ex ante simulations of different training scenarios". Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 5, nr 1 (3.04.2017): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-04-2016-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to simulate the potential costs and benefits for Spanish firms providing dual apprenticeship training. Design/methodology/approach The paper conducts simulations of ten training occupations in six different industries in Spain. For these simulations, the authors combined Spanish wage data and the existing training curriculum regarding instruction times in vocational school in Spain with data from Swiss firms offering training in similar occupations. These data contain information regarding the amount of workplace training, relative apprentice productivity, and the relative importance of non-wage training costs (such as training equipment). Findings The authors found that training occupation, training scenario, and firm size are important determinants of the authors’ simulations for the expected net costs of apprenticeship training in Spanish firms. Consequently, the break-even level of apprentices’ wages differs significantly by training occupation and training scenario, suggesting that one prescribed apprentice wage for all sectors and occupations would be detrimental to the willingness of many firms to provide training places. Practical implications Dual apprenticeship training may improve the labor market transition for Spanish youth. The paper provides guidelines for regulatory frameworks that allow firms to provide apprenticeship training without having to bear net training costs – an important condition given that apprentices are free to leave the training firm upon graduation. Social implications The authors’ simulations show that Spanish firms would be able to provide high-quality apprenticeship training programs that would also appeal to more talented youth because of the combination of a decent earning opportunity during the apprenticeship and good future career options. Originality/value This paper provides novel and direct empirical evidence regarding the framework conditions within the Spanish apprenticeship system, thus incentivizing both firms and individuals to participate in dual apprenticeship training programs.
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Babić, Željka, Tea Samardžić i Jelena Macan. "Comparison of beautician and hairdressing apprentices with regard to skin health and skin barrier function". Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 71, nr 3 (1.09.2020): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3452.
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AbstractHairdressing and beautician apprentices are at high risk of occupational skin diseases. Our objective was to compare the prevalence of skin symptoms and the condition of skin barrier between them at the end of vocational training. We recruited 101 hairdressing and 76 beautician apprentices (overall median age 17 years), who reported their history of skin symptoms through the Croatian translation of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) and had their hand skin clinically examined and evaluated with the Osnabrück Hand Eczema Severity Index (OHSI). Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured following the standard procedure. Hairdressing apprentices reported significantly higher prevalence of hand/wrist eczema or urticaria than beautician apprentices (35 % vs 25 %, respectively; P=0.041) and higher severity of current hand eczema [median (range) 1.5 (0–8) vs 0.5 (0–4), respectively; P<0.001] and had higher hand TEWL values in those who washed their hands >20 times a day [median (interquartile range): 24.4 (19.7–33.7) vs 18.8 (15.4–23.2) g/ m2/h, respectively; P<0.001). Hairdressing apprentices had more severe clinical symptoms on the hands, and 83 % of those who reported eczema also reported that exacerbation occurred during practical training in comparison to 38 % of beautician apprentices. Our study is the first to report occupational hand and forearm skin issues in the beautician apprentices and also suggests that more effort is needed to improve training about safety at work, which should be specifically tailored for these two trades.
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Imtiyaaz, Suraya, i Wahyu Donri. "Praktik Unpaid Internship Dalam Perkembangan Regulasi Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia (Studi Kasus Campuspedia)". Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum 15, nr 1 (31.01.2023): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v15i1.6613.
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The trend of unpaid apprenticeship programs is increasingly being found. Due to the increasingly high competition, many are still interested in joining the apprenticeship program without pay, with the lure of work experience for the next career step. The growing interest in unpaid internships is also supported by the company's strategy to reduce expenses and the high desire of prospective interns to gain knowledge in the field of work. Companies often use this condition to obtain workers who are not bound by a minimum wage. If it continues to happen, the purpose of apprenticeship, which was initially skills training, becomes exploitation of workers. The purpose of writing is to analyze unpaid apprenticeships in increasing the integrity of the workforce in Indonesia, how the Indonesian workforce views the practice of unpaid apprenticeships and the government's role as a labour regulator in Indonesia. This analytical descriptive study utilizes a normative legal research typology, a normative juridical approach and is analyzed through a qualitative approach. The study results show that the apprenticeship programs' regulations still need to be specific, especially regarding the wage rights of apprentice workers. The government, as a regulator, should understand the high interest in apprenticeship programs, so clear legal protection is needed for apprentices. The outcome of this paper will be the awareness of the lack of strict regulations protecting the rights of apprentices based on one of the cases, namely the Campuspedia apprenticeship, to continue to be critically studied.
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Messmann, Gerhard, i Regina H. Mulder. "Conditions for apprentices’ learning activities at work". Journal of Vocational Education & Training 67, nr 4 (2.10.2015): 578–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2015.1094745.
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Lester, Stan. "Creating conditions for sustainable degree apprenticeships in England". Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning 10, nr 5 (7.07.2020): 701–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-04-2020-0062.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on a study funded by the Edge Foundation, an independent educational charity, to investigate what is needed in order for English higher education to operate degree apprenticeships (DAs) on a sustainable basis.Design/methodology/approachThe study, conducted in 2019–2020, took the form of a literature review, semi-structured interviews with employers, institutional staff members and apprentices in three fields, and an open online survey.FindingsThis study illustrates a high level of support for DAs amongst those who are involved in them, whether as educators, employers or apprentices. Degree Apprenticeships aid public-sector recruitment, support progression routes and social mobility within the existing workforce, and contribute to recruitment and productivity in public services and economically critical industries. Practices in the organisation and delivery of apprenticeships are variable, but a clear need is illustrated for strong institution–employer partnerships, integration between on- and off-the-job learning, expansive workplace learning environments, and co-ordination of assessment and quality assurance. There is also a need for external bodies to provide a consistent policy and funding environment.Practical implicationsThe findings illustrate the need for strong partnerships, for programmes that are designed from the ground up as apprenticeships, and for effective integration of apprentices into the organisation's working environment.Originality/valueThis study updates and adds to the literature on DAs and work-integrated higher education. It emphasises three aspects that have hitherto been given little attention: the value of DAs for public-sector recruitment and for creating social mobility within the existing workforce, and the importance of ensuring apprenticeships are aligned with organisational objectives.
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Dada, John Olusegun, Isaac Oladayo Olaseha i Ademola Johnson Ajuwon. "Sexual Behavior and Knowledge of AIDS among Female Trade Apprentices in a Yoruba Town in South-Western Nigeria". International Quarterly of Community Health Education 17, nr 3 (październik 1997): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/t27x-jdqh-6t4e-b861.
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This exploratory study was carried out among unmarried female trade apprentices in Ikorodu, a Yoruba town in south-western Nigeria, to identify sexual risk behaviors, assess knowledge on HIV/AIDS, and recommend an appropriate AIDS education program. Four focus groups were conducted to gain insight into the social-cultural and economic factors influencing sexual risk behaviors, followed by a survey involving 280 randomly selected respondents. Findings showed that many group discussants approved of premarital sex and believed that sex with multiple partners occurred mainly because of the economic difficulties encountered by female apprentices. Most of the survey respondents (70.9%) were sexually experienced, with age of first sexual intercourse ranging from eleven to twenty-two years. One hundred and fifty-five (78.2%) were sexually active; of these, 37.4 percent said that their last sexual encounter occurred because they could not resist the pressure put on them by their male partners, were under the influence of alcohol, were in need of money, and raped. Sixty percent of the sexually active respondents did not take any action to prevent STD or pregnancy during their last sexual encounter. Of the fifty-eight who did, 37.9 percent used the condom. Of those sexually experienced (45.3%) have had at least one STD symptom in the year before, half of them did not do anything about their condition; 37 percent practiced self-medication or received injections from quacks. Although 70.9 percent had heard about AIDS, many had limited knowledge about the nonsexual routes of HIV transmission. Appropriate intervention strategies were recommended to educate the apprentices.
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Sharpe, Pamela. "Poor children as apprentices in Colyton, 1598–1830". Continuity and Change 6, nr 2 (sierpień 1991): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000001351.
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L'étude présentée ici combine la documentation concernant l'apprentissage des pauvres dans la paroisse de Colyton (Devonshire) et la reconstitution des families de la paroisse pour décrire I'âge et les conditions familiales des enfants pauvres de la ville. Les types d'apprentissage des pauvres correspondent aux circonstances locales, tant de l'offre que de la demande. Jusqu'à la moitié du 18è siècle les enfants étaient mis en apprentissage suite au décès d'un des parents, mais, plus tard, parce qu'ils appartenaient à une famille nombreuse. Le demande d'apprentis change également. Au 17è siècle ils étaient embauchés par des artisans ou des entreprises familiales, mais ensuite, de plus en plus, par les gros fermiers.
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Laberge, Marie, Nicole Vézina, Bénédicte Calvet, Sophie Lévesque i Livann Vézina-Nadon. "Supervision of Apprentices in Semiskilled Trades: Program Stipulations and Workplace Realities". Articles 67, nr 2 (4.05.2012): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009084ar.
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An ergonomics intervention research study was carried out with an aim to prevent workplace injury for students enrolled in the Training for a Semiskilled Trade (TST) vocational program, which was recently instituted in Quebec, Canada. The article lays out certain discrepancies between the institution-prescribed parameters for TST intern supervision and workplace realities, in order to best determine the foundations upon which workplace injury prevention programs might be based. With this goal in mind, the article outlines some aspects of the social setting encountered upon entering the workforce, specifically communications with colleagues and access to guidance and support in the workplace. Methods were based on analysis of ministerial and institutional training documentation and a two-wave data collection protocol comprising individual interviews with interns and observation of work situations to document the orientation and training process. Results showed that workplace supervisory conditions are rather different from what is described in the training program documentation. Several students, contrary to program specifications, find themselves in incidental work situations involving supervising colleagues who have unofficially elected or accidentally taken on such roles. Access to supervision and guidance is not always promptly provided, meaning young workers are left without structured help and support. Furthermore, apprentices find themselves in an incredibly diverse range of contexts and settings. Hence, it should be deemed essential to develop flexible teaching and learning tools which can apply or be adapted to a variety of contexts. The training program’s traditional supervisor-apprentice partnership model would be best revised to maximize the use of all valuable on-site resources and ensure students develop skills to stay healthy at work.
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Zhao, Bin, Jürgen Seifried i Jost Sieweke. "Trainers’ responses to errors matter in trainees’ learning from errors: evidence from two studies". Journal of Managerial Psychology 33, nr 3 (9.04.2018): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-10-2017-0364.
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Purpose Learning from errors is important for employees, particularly at early stages of their career. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of perceived trainer responses to errors on trainee learning from errors in a workplace setting. In Study 1, the authors test a model that examines the associations between perceived trainer responses to errors and trainee learning from errors, which are mediated by affective-motivational adaptivity. In Study 2, the authors further hypothesize that the link between perceived trainer responses and affective-motivational adaptivity is moderated by perceived error climate. Design/methodology/approach The authors test the hypotheses using data from 213 Swiss apprentices (Study 1) and 1,012 German apprentices (Study 2) receiving dual vocational training. Findings Study 1 suggests that negative trainer reaction impedes trainee learning from errors by impairing trainees’ affective-motivational adaptability. Trainer tolerance of errors and trainer support following errors were not related to trainee learning from errors. Study 2 indicates that perceived error climate is an important boundary condition that affects the relationship between trainer responses and trainee learning from errors. Originality/value This study contributes to research on learning from errors in three ways. First, it enriches the understanding regarding the role of trainers in enhancing learning from errors in organizations. Second, it extends research on learning from errors by investigating the interaction effects between perceived trainer responses and error climate. Third, it refines knowledge about the role of positive affect in learning from errors. Findings of this study also offer practical insights to trainers and managers regarding what they should do to encourage trainee learning from errors.
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Grønning, Miriam, i Ines Trede. "Does It Matter Where They Train? Transitions into Higher Education After VET and the Role of Labour Market Segments". Social Inclusion 7, nr 3 (5.09.2019): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v7i3.2043.
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Due to a higher demand for tertiary education, continued educational achievement has become important for the career development of young people with vocational education and training (VET). In this article, therefore, we examine whether the labour market segment of the training firm influences VET diploma holders’ likelihood of entering tertiary education. In Switzerland, companies from a wide range of industries and with different institutional characteristics assume a large part of the responsibility for training. Thus, the training firm’s position in the labour market impacts apprentices’ education and training. Drawing upon segmentation theories, we argue that structural differences between training firms in different labour market segments result in varying opportunities and incentives for higher education. Our analyses are based on a longitudinal national survey of healthcare apprentices who were trained in the primary healthcare segment (hospitals) or in the secondary healthcare segment (nursing homes). Propensity score matching results show that VET diploma holders who were trained in the primary segment were more likely to enter tertiary education than those who were trained in the secondary segment. This finding implies that the structural conditions in the training firm matter for young workers’ careers by affecting further educational achievement.
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Lanero Fernández, Juan, i Eduardo Ortega Montes. "De aprendiz a mercader : el factor en el comercio internacional inglés del siglo XVI". Pecvnia : Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de León, nr 5 (1.12.2007): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pec.v0i5.714.
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La aparición de la figura del factor está relacionada con el surgimiento del mercader sedentario. El empleo de factores pasó a ser necesario cuando un mercader aumentaba la escala de sus operaciones y cuando comerciaba con varios países al mismo tiempo. Los factores que vivían y trabajaban en el extranjero eran empleados de sociedades por acciones, mercaderes o consorcio de mercaderes. El factor en sentido genuino podía alternar sus funciones de agente comisionado con el comercio por cuenta propia. El uso de aprendices como factores, al final de una etapa de aprendizaje, parece que fue una práctica corriente. Los enviaban al extranjero para que adquiriesen experiencia y completasen su educación comercial. El aprendiz no podía comerciar por cuenta propia sin el permiso del patrón que, en cierto modo, era responsable de las acciones de sus aprendices. El conocimiento que tenía el factor del mercado extranjero influía en el patrón a la hora de decidir qué mercancía exportar. Los factores, además de redactar cartas, debían llevar la contabilidad, lo que implicaba conocimientos de teneduría de libros, cambio de divisas y letras de cambio. Las condiciones del comercio exterior fueron acrecentando la responsabilidad del factor y creando nuevos problemas de representación que no tienen equivalencia en otras relaciones comerciales de la época.<br /><br />The appearance of factors was related to the new figure of sedentary merchants. Factors became necessary when a merchant increased the bulk of his operations and when they traded with various countries at a time. Factors living and working abroad were employed by societies, individual merchants or groups of merchants. A genuine agent could alternate his duties as a commissioned agent with his own trading activities. It was usual that apprentices played the role of factors towards the end of their period of apprenticeship. They were sent overseas in order to gain experience and complete their commercial education. An apprentice could not trade for his own without his merchant's permission who, to certain extent, was responsible for the apprentices' actions. The knowledge an agent had about a foreign market used to have an influence on the merchant's decision about which goods should be exported. Factors, apart from writing letters, should keep books of accounts, which implied a knowledge of bookkeeping, foreign currencies and bills of exchange. Foreign trade conditions increased factors' responsibilities and created new representation problems which have no equivalence in other commercial relations of the period.
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Fernandes, Gilberto. "Part of the Solution? Indigenous Apprentices and the Unionized Building Trades". Labour / Le Travail 93 (3.06.2024): 165–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52975/llt.2024v93.009.
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There have never been more favourable conditions for drawing Indigenous workers into the unionized building trades. The construction industry needs to replenish and diversify its overwhelmingly white, male, and aging workforce to meet skilled labour demands in the next few decades, when major civil infrastructure, mining, and green energy developments are expected to occur in northern Indigenous territories. These projects will be mandated by impact benefit agreements to employ a significant number of Indigenous workers who will first need to be trained. At the same time, Indigenous peoples are the fastest-growing population in Canada and have shown a propensity for pursuing trades education. In recent years, Ontario’s largest building trade unions have taken significant steps to recruit, train, and employ northern Indigenous workers, including in Nunavut. In collaboration with various stakeholders, the unions’ efforts are starting to show positive results. But are their methods and goals informed by decolonization, reconciliation, and Indigenization? This article reflects on this question while examining the case of the International Union of Operating Engineers Local 793, which has been a leader among building trades unions when it comes to establishing relationships with Indigenous partners, training Indigenous workers, and contributing to their economic self-determination.
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Reynard-Carette, C. "A New Project dedicated to developing International MOBILity of APPrentices in the Master’s Degree in Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology (MOBIL-APP project)". EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 10002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022510002.
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The project concerns the outgoing international mobility of block-release apprentices preparing the Master's degree in Instrumentation, Measurement, Metrology of the Filière Instrumentation (Physics Department of the Science Faculty). It targets universities and research centers involved in nuclear energy and is based on ongoing partnerships with CFA Epure–Méditerranée (apprenticeship center), EDF, and CEA thanks to on a solid research background in the LIMMEX laboratory run jointly by CEA and AMU (IM2NP) and dedicated to Instrumentation and Measurements under EXtreme conditions, on the ANIMMA international conference and the EFMMIN Franco-Moroccan school. This has led to the development of a useful network of operators (partners involved in the project) in priority geographical areas for AMU’s international strategy: Nuclear Reactor Laboratory at MIT, Moroccan Nuclear Center and Mohammed V University, Polish Nuclear Center, Slovenian Jožef Stefan Institute, Belgian Nuclear Center. The project will consist in sending a group of block-release apprentices for one week per year to a partner site who will propose visits to reactors, laboratories and companies, and participation in seminars, short courses, experimental projects and workshops together with local students. They will visit cultural places and prepare an activity report in English. When the project is completed its possible extension to other block-release courses at AMU will be examined because international mobility is a real advantage in terms of employability for young-people.
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von Hentig, W. U. "Horticultural Training in the Federal Republic of Germany". HortScience 23, nr 2 (kwiecień 1988): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.2.253.
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Abstract When tracing the roots of horticultural training in Germany, one must go back to the Middle Ages with the founding in 1276 of the first gardener’s guild on German-speaking territory in Basel (now Switzerland), where the institutionalized training of the rising generation of gardeners began. During the Middle Ages, guilds formed in all trades. Free craftsmen organized themselves into guilds to carry out their joint profession and to determine and regulate economic conditions. Guilds also determined and conducted training of apprentices for the first time. A gardener apprenticeship usually began at age 15 and lasted for 3 years, after which the trainee was deemed a “trained gardener”.
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Bessey, Donata, i Uschi Backes-Gellner. "Staying Within or Leaving the Apprenticeship System? Revisions of Educational Choices in Apprenticeship Training". Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 235, nr 6 (1.12.2015): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2015-0603.
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Summary The decision to revise an educational choice has hardly been analyzed in previous research. Dropping out is only one possible choice, and we distinguish between dropping out (leaving the apprenticeship system) and changing or upgrading (staying within the apprenticeship system) as three possibilities to revise an educational decision, using a dataset that consists of apprentices who have dissolved their apprenticeship contract. We analyze the determinants of leaving apprenticeship training using competing risks models. Dropout decisions seem to be driven by financial considerations such as financial distress, but local labor market conditions seem to have no effect on them. Our findings underline the importance of distinguishing between the different choices instead of focusing exclusively on dropping out.
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da Luz, Andréa Aparecida, Miryam Cristina Mazieiro Vergueiro da Silva, Samantha Lemos Turte, Marildo de Oliveira Lopes i Frida Marina Fischer. "Effects of Working Full-Time and Studying in the Evening Hours Among Young Apprentices and Trainees". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54, nr 6 (16.10.2012): 952–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720812463146.
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Objective: This research aims to assess apprentices’ and trainees’ work conditions, psychosocial factors at work, as well as health symptoms after joining the labor force. Background: Despite the fact that there are over 3.5 million young working students in Brazil, this increasing rate brings with it difficult working conditions such as work pressure, heavy workloads, and lack of safety training. Method: This study was carried out in a nongovernmental organization (NGO) with 40 young members of a first job program in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. They filled out a comprehensive questionnaire focused on sociodemographic variables, working conditions, and health symptoms. Individual and collective semi-structured interviews were conducted. Empirical data analysis was performed using analysis of content. Results: The majority of participants mentioned difficulties in dealing with the pressure and their share of responsibilities at work. Body pains, headaches, sleep deprivation during the workweek, and frequent colds were mentioned. Lack of appropriate task and safety training contributed to the occurrence of work injuries. Conclusion: Having a full-time job during the day coupled with evening high school attendance may jeopardize these people’s health and future. Application: This study can make a contribution to the revision and implementation of work training programs for adolescents. It can also help in the creation of more sensible policies regarding youth employment.
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Nelson, Jennifer. "Apprentices of freedom: Atlantic histories of the africanos livres in mid-nineteenth century Rio de Janeiro". Itinerario 39, nr 2 (sierpień 2015): 349–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115315000509.
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This article examines the journey undertaken by the slave ship Brilhante, captured by a British anti-slave trade patrol off the coast of Brazil in 1838. The ship and its crew were engaged in slave trafficking in contravention of international treaty agreements. In accordance with prize law the Brilhante was condemned by the Anglo-Brazilian mixed commission court in Rio de Janeiro and the slaves on-board were freed and apprenticed for a prescribed number of years. This article argues that during their apprenticeships not only were these Africans treated in the same way as slaves, but they formed similar bonds for survival. Both ethnic solidarity and shipmate bonds, which transcended ethnic boundaries, allowed them to forge new identities. The article demonstrates how the liberated Africans from the ship, who belonged to a larger marginalised group of “recaptives” within the Atlantic World, were thus able to facilitate the achievement of their eventual freedom, and improve the conditions in which they lived.
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Lahiff, Ann, i David Guile. "‘It’s not like a normal 9 to 5!’: the learning journeys of media production apprentices in distributed working conditions". Journal of Vocational Education & Training 68, nr 3 (2.07.2016): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2016.1201846.
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Jian, Miaoju. "Negotiating Paternalism and the Enterprising Self in Taiwanese Talent Shows". Media International Australia 147, nr 1 (maj 2013): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1314700113.
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Talent shows have rocketed to popularity in Taiwan in recent years, as demonstrated in the high rating programs, One Million Star (超級星光大道) and Super Idol (超級偶像). This article focuses on the Taiwan talent show phenomenon as an exemplar of today's contradictory and exploitable reality TV ‘celebrity economy’. Through the oft-repeated assertion of ‘yes, teacher’ (謝謝老師), Taiwan's talent shows manage to combine a globalising self-enterprising ethos of neo-liberal labour conditions with a Confucian-patriarchal culture. Within this context, powerful judges become mentors, with obedient contestants positioned as their apprentices. This article scrutinises the interdependence between this power-laden relationship in the talent shows and the self-enterprising practices of Taiwan's entertainment industry. It argues that, rather than democratising the TV empire, these shows have, paradoxically, contributed to the revival and consolidation of the previously presumed to be outmoded figure of the ‘star authority’.
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Veremeienko, Taras. "Iconography of Ukrainian religious portraits in the drawings of the Lavra icon-painting workshop of the 18th century". Arta 32, nr 1 (wrzesień 2023): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/arta.2023.32-1.04.
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Based on archival documents and drawings of the icon-painting workshop of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra in the 18th century, the article analyzes mainly the inscriptions made by the authors and also the Ukrainian element in the Ukrainian baroque. The author presents the level of research on this topic. It is established that the Lavra icon-painting workshop had a high level of teaching the icon-painting science. In 1763, the Lavra workshop was transformed into a “school”. The administrators of the school not only monitored the general conditions, but also taught icon-painting. The students were divided into 2 groups: one group consisted of apprentices, the other of pupils. The students in the Lavra studied according to Western books. On the example of several drawings, the author shows the uniqueness of religious subjects, one of the features of which was to paint the image of saints in a typical Ukrainian manner.
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Gowland, Rebecca L., Anwen C. Caffell, Leslie Quade, Alysa Levene, Andrew R. Millard, Malin Holst, Poppy Yapp i in. "The expendables: Bioarchaeological evidence for pauper apprentices in 19th century England and the health consequences of child labour". PLOS ONE 18, nr 5 (17.05.2023): e0284970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284970.
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Child labour is the most common form of child abuse in the world today, with almost half of child workers employed in hazardous industries. The large-scale employment of children during the rapid industrialisation of the late 18th and early 19th centuries in England is well documented. During this period, the removal of pauper children from workhouses in cities to work as apprentices in rural mills in the North of England was commonplace. Whilst the experiences of some of these children have been recorded historically, this study provides the first direct evidence of their lives through bioarchaeological analysis. The excavation of a rural churchyard cemetery in the village of Fewston, North Yorkshire, yielded the skeletal remains of 154 individuals, including an unusually large proportion of children aged between 8 to 20 years. A multi-method approach was undertaken, including osteological and palaeopathological examination, stable isotope and amelogenin peptide analysis. The bioarchaeological results were integrated with historical data regarding a local textile mill in operation during the 18th-19th centuries. The results for the children were compared to those obtained from contemporaneous individuals of known identity (from coffin plates) of comparable date. Most of the children exhibited distinctive ‘non-local’ isotope signatures and a diet low in animal protein when compared to the named local individuals. These children also showed severe growth delays and pathological lesions indicative of early life adversity, as well as respiratory disease, which is a known occupational hazard of mill work. This study has provided unique insights into the harrowing lives of these children; born into poverty and forced to work long hours in dangerous conditions. This analysis provides a stark testimony of the impacts of industrial labour on the health, growth and mortality risk of children, with implications for the present as well as our understanding of the past.
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Saunier, Léa, Nicolas Hoffmann, Marius Preda i Catalin Fetita. "Virtual Reality Interface Evaluation for Earthwork Teleoperation". Electronics 12, nr 19 (6.10.2023): 4151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12194151.
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Automation and robotics are destined to play a critical role in the Industry 4.0 revolution, as illustrated by the emergence of autonomous machinery in earthwork operations. Despite rapid progress, autonomous agents will always require human supervision to instruct their mission and to guaranty safety when unexpected problems arise. Traditional human supervision requires an operator to physically enter each machine at risk and manually take control. This approach is time-consuming and requires highly qualified personnel capable of operating various machines. This process can be hastened and simplified by means of teleoperated supervision, which itself requires the appropriate interface. In this paper we evaluate a virtual reality (VR)-based interface using hybrid interactions and an immersive digital-twin compared to a real-life control. We compare these interfaces through control tasks performed by expert and non-expert operators, analyzing time and precision, as well as user feedback. The preliminary results show that the VR interface brings equivalent and satisfactory performances for experts and improves the efficiency of apprentices. Therefore, not only does everyone performs well in the virtual environment, but also the training time can be shortened significantly as non-experts can perform similarly under the same conditions.
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Charioui, Souad. "SS12-02 CHILD LABOR AND EDUCATION IN THE HANDICRAFT". Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (1.07.2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0107.
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Abstract Introduction Child labor remains a social scourge that affects every country in the world, including Morocco, despite its ratification of the ILO Conventions on the Rights of the Child, Conventions 138 and 182. The craft sector is one of the sectors in which children are employed. Materials and Methods We have listed the surveys carried out in Morocco on this subject, using statistics from national institutions. Results Children are employed in the various craft trades without exception, often as apprentices; the majority under the age of 15, male and from rural areas. The reasons for employing are poverty, not attending or failing at school, and social integration through learning a trade. The conditions under which children work: poor health and safety conditions, mostly manual labor, lack of personal protective equipment, long working hours, poor pay, lack of medical supervision, inhumane practices by employers towards children – all have an impact on their physical, mental and even social health. Apprenticeship training centers have been set up, catering for children over the age of 15; with committees responsible for monitoring and assessing apprenticeship, working conditions and occupational safety. Conclusions Child labor in the craft sector still persists, and has a negative impact on children’s health and morals. A program to fight child labor, launched in Morocco in 2000, aims to reduce all forms of child labor, including in the craft sector, and has helped to reduce the number of child workers over the years.
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Nicholls, John G. "Cultural Apprentices or Sorcerers' Apprentices?" Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 36, nr 4 (kwiecień 1991): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/029607.
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YEFIMOVA, O., O. BARABASH, Y. PODKOPAI i V. SYDORENKO. "PROBLEMS OF STUDYING CHOREOGRAPHIC DISCIPLINES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION". ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, nr 32 (8.12.2023): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2023.32.292654.
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The article analyzes the process of distance learning of graduates of the Department of Choreography of Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after H.S. Frying pans Factors affecting the formation of professional abilities of students with traditional and distance forms of education are considered. Introduction of distant education in Ukraine has been stipulated by objective demands of modern Society. Cause-and-effect relationships between teaching methods and the formation of pedagogical competences of choreographers-apprentices have been established. On the basis of the studied facts, conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made regarding the improvement of the quality of the educational process of students of choreographic specialties during distance learning. Having considered the positive and negative aspects of distance education of students of the Department of Choreography of the Kharkіv National University, it should be noted that this form of education is effective, but only in a mixed format together with traditional education, along with the acquisition of professional practical knowledge, skills and abilities. There must be specially equipped rooms, but, unfortunately, most of the students do not have any. Moreover, there is a lack of motivation, self-discipline, and a lack of system as for gained knowledge. It is proved that the effectiveness of the distance format of professional training of future teachers of choreography during martial law depends on the level of studentsʼ motivation for learning and their self-organization. Self-organization ensures the studentʼs ability to plan and carry out their own learning activities in accordance with the priorities of professional training. It is motivation that is the driving force behind the studentʼs acquisition of the necessary professional knowledge and professional skills.
It should be noted that this work does not cover all the issues related to the study of choreographic disciplines in the conditions of distance learning. This study requires further study and determination of the impact of distance education on the formation of competencies of students of choreographic specialties.
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Safronova, A. M. "Fedor Sannikov - Teacher at Yekaterinburg Arithmetic School (1734—1741)". Nauchnyi dialog 12, nr 3 (28.04.2023): 430–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-3-430-445.
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The activity of the teacher of the Yekaterinburg arithmetic school, who managed through self-education, great dedication to earn the rank of chief officer, that is, chief officer, is considered. The training program has been disclosed. It is shown that in the conditions of the acute need of the factories for young people who know the basics of mathematics, the students were assigned to cases without completing the full course. The number of school students for thirds of the year, the number of collective enrollments were established, the total number of students trained by Sannikov was calculated - at least 156. It is shown that the school entered at the age of 9 to 20 years, among them were the children of officers, clerks, most of them were the children of masters, apprentices, factory workers, there were children of soldiers. At the same time, Sannikov taught arithmetic to students from other schools in Yekaterinburg, supervised training in the arithmetic schools of the Uktussky and Verkh-Isetsky factories. Sannikov’s advanced views on the methods of education and punishment of children are characterized. A wide range of additional assignments assigned to Sannikov as a qualified specialist is presented: searching for places for the construction of factories, searching for silver, preparing hundreds of drawings of factories, teaching drafting to young people, monitoring meteorological observations in Yekaterinburg, etc.
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Hilsen, Anne Inga, i Johan Røed Steen. "The Norwegian Cooperation Model as a Framework for Innovation in an Industrial Company". European Journal of Workplace Innovation 8, nr 2 (14.05.2024): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46364/ejwi.v8i2.1267.
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Based on a case study in a major Norwegian industrial company, this article explores the role of skilled workers in innovation. The framework for this case is the Norwegian cooperation model of established cooperation at the company level between managers and employees and their representatives. This form of cooperation, together with broad participation from all levels of employees, has proven to be important for innovation work, and this case explores why and how. The article is based on data material that was also used in Hilsen and colleagues (2022). The case study is based on 6 first-time interviews in spring 2020, and 5 second-time interviews in spring 2021 with managers, union leaders, operators and apprentices, a total of 11 interviews. The interviews lasted approximately 45 – 60 minutes each. The taped interviews were transcribed, and it is this material that forms the basis for our analyses. Through the systematic involvement of all levels of the company, two examples of process innovation were developed. Through the interviews, it became clear that this form of participation in improvement work and innovation rests on three conditions: that there is a structure for improvement work with meeting places and working methods, that the company has developed a culture for innovation with trust between the parties and open communication, and that both formal and informal cooperation on development has been established.
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Balthazar, Marco Antonio Pinto, Marilda Andrade, Deise Ferreira de Souza i Andre Luiz De Souza Braga. "Riscos ocupacionais, condições de trabalho e a saúde dos soldadores". Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 12, nr 4 (4.04.2018): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i4a230640p997-1008-2018.
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RESUMOObjetivo: identificar os riscos ocupacionais, as condições de trabalho e os possíveis efeitos à saúde dos soldadores. Método: revisão integrativa, com recorte temporal entre os anos de 2013 e 2017, realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, Portal CAPES e na biblioteca virtual da SciELO, com 20 artigos selecionados. A análise se deu de acordo com as técnicas de Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade Análise Categorial. Resultados: estabeleceram-se oito categorias para a discussão: risco de câncer de pulmão; efeitos dos metais; interferência do tabagismo ocupacional; estudos com aprendizes; participação da Enfermagem; legislação; percepção dos riscos; campanhas motivacionais e a falta de incentivos e gastos com doenças. Conclusão: apesar do quantitativo pouco expressivo sobre a temática, contudo consistente e relevante, evidenciaram-se a integração e o intercâmbio multidisciplinar, ratificando-se o desconhecimento dos perigos e riscos. Devido à falta de condições no trabalho e saúde, necessita-se de incentivo técnico-financeiro, para ampliar as pesquisas, com a inclusão da Enfermagem do Trabalho na educação e na saúde dos soldadores e aprendizes. Descritores: Riscos Ocupacionais; Condições de Trabalho; Saúde Ocupacional; Segurança; Soldagem; Neoplasias.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify occupational hazards, working conditions and possible health effects of welders. Method: integrative review, with a temporal cut between the years of 2013 and 2017, carried out in the MEDLINE, LILACS, CAPES Portal and SciELO virtual libraries, with 20 selected articles. The analysis was carried out according to the techniques of Content Analysis, in the category Analysis category. Results: eight categories were established for the discussion: lung cancer risk; effects of metals; interference of occupational smoking; studies with apprentices; Nursing participation; legislation; risk perception; motivational campaigns and lack of incentives and spending on diseases. Conclusion: despite the lack of expressiveness on the subject, however consistent and relevant, the integration and the multidisciplinary interchange were evidenced, ratifying the ignorance of the dangers and risks. Due to the lack of working and health conditions, a technical-financial incentive is needed to broaden the research, with the inclusion of Work Nursing in the education and health of welders and apprentices. Descriptors: Occupational Risks; Working Conditions; Occupational Health; Safety; Welding; Neoplasms.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar los riesgos ocupacionales, las condiciones de trabajo y los posibles efectos a la salud de los soldadores. Método: revisión integrada, con recorte temporal entre los años 2013 y 2017, en las bases de datos MEDLINE, LILACS, Portal CAPES y en la biblioteca virtual de SciELO, con 20 artículos seleccionados. El análisis se dio de acuerdo con las técnicas de Análisis de Contenido, en la modalidad de Análisis Categorial. Resultados: se establecieron ocho categorías para la discusión: riesgo de cáncer de pulmón; efectos de los metales; interferencia del tabaquismo ocupacional; estudios con aprendices; participación de la Enfermería; legislación; percepción de los riesgos; campañas motivacionales y la falta de incentivos y gastos con enfermedades. Conclusión: a pesar del cuantitativo poco expresivo sobre la temática, pero consistente y relevante, se evidenció la integración y el intercambio multidisciplinario, comprobando el desconocimiento de los peligros y riesgos. Debido a la falta de condiciones en el trabajo y en la salud, se necesita incentivo técnico-financiero, para ampliar las investigaciones, con la inclusión de la Enfermería del Trabajo en la educación y en la salud de los soldadores y aprendices. Descriptores: Riesgos Laborales; Condiciones de Trabajo; Salud Laboral; Seguridad; Soldadura; Neoplasias.
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Khoosal, Nishaan, David Swanson, Girish Purohit, Cath Morgan i Amit Bharkhada. "The combined care clinic: a strategy in improving quality and efficiency related to essential patient reviews in the UK". British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (czerwiec 2019): bjgp19X703565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703565.
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BackgroundStandardised delivery of patient care remains an essential facet of the NHS. In 2004, the general practice contract for delivering specific primary medical services incorporated a financial payment: Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF). In majority of practices, these reviews are completed by the practice nursing healthcare team.AimTo understand if the combined care (CC) clinic improves the efficiency in delivering patient reviews.MethodThe CC clinic was designed in 2015 inviting patients with diabetes; who may also have other long-term conditions, to be addressed in a ‘one stop’ approach. It is implemented by healthcare assistants (HCAs) supported by apprentices, who perform standard checks such as blood pressures, urine dipstick checks, smoking data, and health promotion that are protocolled. Where there are abnormalities noted, the HCA is able to escalate to the practice nurses who are supported by a GP lead.ResultsQOF diabetes data were reviewed from 2015–2016 (636 patients on register) and 2016–2017 (649 patients on register). Results showed a marked percentage increase between years in the following indicators: DM003 (last blood pressure measurement ≤140/80 mmHg) 7.29%; DM006 (proteinuria/microalbuminuria) 6.20%; and DM009 (foot exam) 3.21%. All other diabetic indicators apart from two showed a percentage increase. The proportion of patients seen between April–October also increased in the subsequent year.ConclusionThe CC clinic provides a method of patient review in an efficient process, without the need for multiple visits, thereby increasing practice capacity to focus on other aspects of patient care and work streams.
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Nielsen, Mette Lykke, Johnny Dyreborg, Pete Kines, Kent J. Nielsen i Kurt Rasmussen. "Exploring and Expanding the Category of ‘Young Workers’ According to Situated Ways of Doing Risk and Safety—a Case Study in the Retail Industry". Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 3, nr 3 (1.09.2013): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v3i3.3019.
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Young adult workers aged 18–24 years have the highest risk of accidents at work. Following the work of Bourdieu and Tannock, we demonstrate that young adult workers are a highly differentiated group. Accordingly, safety prevention among young adult workers needs to be nuanced in ways that take into consideration the different positions and conditions under which young adult workers are employed. Based on single and group interviews with 26 young adult workers from six various sized supermarkets, we categorize young adult retail workers into the following five distinct groups: ‘Skilled workers,’ ‘Apprentices,’ ‘Sabbatical year workers,’ ‘Student workers,’ and ‘School dropouts.’ We argue that exposure to accidental risk is not equally distributed among them and offer an insight into the narratives of young adult workers on the subject of risk situations at work. The categorizations are explored and expanded according to the situated ways of ‘doing’ risk and safety in the working practices of the adult workers. We suggest that the understanding of ‘young’ as an age-related biological category might explain why approaches to prevent accidents among young employees first and foremost include individual factors like advice, information, and supervision and to a lesser degree the structural and cultural environment wherein they are embedded. We conclude that age cannot stand alone as the only factor in safety prevention directed at workers aged 18–24 years; if we do so, there is a risk of overemphasizing age-related individual characteristics such as awareness and cognitive limitations before structural, relational, and hierarchical dimensions at the workplace.
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Allen, Brooke, Paul Theroux i Rosemary Mahoney. "Sorcerers' Apprentices". Hudson Review 52, nr 1 (1999): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3852598.
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Atterbury, M., J. Limke, G. Lemasters, N. Glenn i C. Forrester. "Carpenter Apprentices". Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 39, nr 4 (kwiecień 1997): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199704000-00023.
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McConnachie, Alexis. "Including apprentices". Early Years Educator 11, nr 4 (sierpień 2009): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2009.11.4.43405.
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Purba, Rizki Ikhwansyah, i Samsudin Samsudin. "Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Peserta Magang Berbasis Web pada Kantor BPS Kabupaten Simalungun". Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi 8, nr 1 (14.02.2024): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47080/saintek.v8i1.3122.
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Designing an information system for accepting apprentices at the Simalungun Regency BPS office, the Simalungun Regency government is carrying out an internship program to develop skills and improve the quality of the local workforce. As an effort to increase efficiency and effectiveness in accepting apprentices. Acceptance of apprentices at BPS Simalungun Regency will have the main function of managing apprentice data, conducting data searches, sorting prospective apprentices, producing statistical reports, and sending notifications to apprentices. This system meets data security standards and limited access to authorized users. At the implementation stage, this system will validate data input for apprentices to avoid entering data that does not match the desired format, and also has a feature to delete data for apprentices who are inactive or not verified by BPS Simalungun Regency. Increases efficiency and effectiveness in accepting apprentices, streamlines the data verification process.
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Liadi, Olusegun Fariudeen, i Olanrewaju Akinpelu Olutayo. "Traditional Apprenticeship, Normative Expectations and Sustainability of Masonry Vocation in Ibadan, Nigeria". International Journal of Sociology of Education 6, nr 2 (25.06.2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/rise.2017.2425.
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The purpose of this article is to examine whether the normative expectations among masons has positive or negative influence on young people’s interest in masonry. The norms and values a vocation’s practitioners operate with may affect the appeal of the vocation to new and potential apprentices. Yet, whether or not a vocation continues to survive depend on how successful its norms and values order expectations of different categories of people in its fold. Data were derived from interviews and focused discussions among 30 masons and 16 apprentices. The results show that normative relations between masons and apprentices increase apprentices’ anxiety. There are indications that apprentices find challenging some of the conventions that dictate the process of training. Whereas master masons feel less concern about traditional expectations on apprentices, many apprentices believe that some aspects of informal apprenticeship training process emphasize disturbing social and economic interaction with attendant disinterestedness among apprentices.
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Seijas Montero, María, i Laura Rodicio Pereira. "«Deprender el ofiçio...» el acceso y el aprendizaje en los talleres gallegos durante los siglos XVI-XVII: las ciudades de Santiago y Ourense como destino = Learning Artisan Crafts in Santiago and Ourense… The Access to and Learning Process in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century Galician Artisan Workshops". Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna, nr 33 (2.12.2020): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.33.2020.25646.
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En la Edad Moderna los maestros de oficios avezaban a los muchachos que querían aprender la misma profesión mecánica. Celebraban con los padres o tutores escritura pública y establecían las condiciones de los contratos. Partiendo de esta premisa trataremos de localizar y analizar las escrituras relacionadas con los contratos de aprendizaje en la Galicia de los siglos XVI y XVII. Pondremos la atención en las ciudades de Santiago y Ourense como destino. El objetivo es aportar algunos datos sobre los jóvenes que fueron llevados de sus casas a otros lugares para adquirir formación durante un período de tiempo. Protagonizaron una movilidad que les alejaba de sus familias. A través de los protocolos notariales, estudiaremos diferentes aspectos: condiciones laborales, evolución de los contratos, procedencia geográfica de los muchachos, oficios artesanales o duración de las estancias.AbstractIn the modern era, master craftsmen took on apprentices who wanted to learn their craft. They signed the public deed with the parents or legal guardians and set contract terms. Taking this premise as a starting point, we will try to locate and analyze the writings related to the apprenticeship contracts in Galicia during the 16th and 17th centuries. Attention will be focused on the cities of Santiago and Ourense as destination points. The aim is to provide information about youths who leave their homes to acquire training over a period of time. They carried out a mobility that took them away from their families. By means of notarial protocols, different aspects will be studied: working conditions, evolution of contracts, geographical origin of the boys, artisan crafts or duration of their stays.
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Suwardi, Suwardi. "Legal Protection Of Patent Right Holders In Efforts To Develop Economic Aspects". MARAS: Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin 2, nr 1 (26.02.2024): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.60126/maras.v2i1.207.
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The function and role of patents faces quite serious obstacles considering that they are so important in supporting economic development. Development based on technology is absolutely necessary to support successful development in the economic sector to support success in the technological sector. Legal instruments are needed that regulate legal protection if an invention in the field of technology is misused by someone else who has no right to use it. Legal instrument Number 6 of 1998 as amended and perfected by Law Number 14 of 2001 (hereinafter abbreviated to the Patent Law / UUP). The number of patent applications originating from within the country was 229 or 1.82 percent of all patent applications. Meanwhile, the number of simple patent applications originating from within the country was 153 or 41.02 percent of all simple patent applications. What is the legal protection for patent holders in economic aspects ? The method used in this writing is normative which refers to legal norms and existing laws, namely Law Number 14 of 2001 concerning patents. Patent studies for holders will be able to provide protection for apprentices and business actors who are still hampered by the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic so that maximum service is hampered, as well as our bureaucratic system which is not yet impartial to business actors, so there needs to be a commitment to togetherness between business actors and The bureaucratic system must be synergistic in helping each other and providing opportunities for each other so that patent ownership can achieve the mutually expected targets. Conditions that must be prepared are factors that trigger successful ownership of patent rights for rights owners based on a sustainable economy.
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Eiben, Ileana Neli. "La formation en traduction littéraire : tendances déformantes et dépassement du sentiment d’infériorité chez l’apprenti traducteur". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 66, nr 1 (30.03.2021): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.1.12.
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"The Teaching and Learning of Literary Translation: Distorting Tendencies and Inferiority Feelings in Apprentice Translators. Through an interdisciplinary approach that borrows elements from the political sciences, psychology and translation studies, this article aims to analyze the literary translator in order to better understand his condition and his future. Based on the notion of ""authority"" as it is used by Hannah Arendt (1972), we aim to describe the author/translator relationship, the author holding a privileged position, recognized and accepted from the start by the translator who inevitably has a secondary role. We will show that this ""authoritarian relationship"" creates a feeling of inferiority for the apprentice translator (Adler) which can be manifested in two different ways: he can either consider himself insufficient and be overwhelmed by the feeling of inferiority or seek to compensate this feeling by the tendency to show off. In the first case, he risks falling into the trap of word-for-word translation, while in the second case he will not hesitate to do more than is expected of him, to infiltrate the text and distort it. Thanks to the appropriate guidance from the teacher, he will learn to manage his (un)certainties and to acquire translation skills that allow him to be both free and dutiful in his work, the two major assets of a good translator. Keywords: authority, feeling of inferiority, apprentice translator, author, original, literary translation "
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Hasan, Mashhood, Ali Medabesh, Muhammad Mobarki i Waleed Hassan Alhazmi. "A Model to Enhance the Economic Growth Rate and Literacy Rate of the Rural and Urban Area". International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 10, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2021010104.
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A model Mistry training center (MTC) is proposed here to enhance the economic growth rate and literacy rate of the rural and urban areas. It is based on a teacher, Mistry, and eduworker. This is a combination of school and small industries into a single educational setting. In this model, the teacher teaches the general course whereas Mistry means a technical person who has skill in particular fields. Moreover, eduworker means students who take education with part-time work. This model is developed an algorithm to understand basic three mode such as primary mode accomplishment (PMA), apprentice mode accomplishment (AMA), and finally, optional mode (OM) of the proposed model. While role and responsibilities of the teacher, Mistry, and eduworker are given in detail under profitable condition and non-profitable conditions, a comparative data of the per capita income, literacy rate, and gross domestic product (GDP) are presented to distinguish how the proposed model is a good option.
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Lipińska-Ojrzanowska, A., J. Walusiak-Skorupa, E. Nowakowska-Świrta i M. Wiszniewska. "Predicting occupational allergy in culinary and hairdressing apprentices". Occupational Medicine 70, nr 1 (21.12.2019): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqz162.
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Abstract Background Apprentices are usually exposed to the same workplace agents as qualified professionals. There is therefore a risk of the development of occupational allergy in apprentices exposed to high (HMW-A) and low molecular inhalant allergens (LMW-A). Aims To evaluate and compare the occurrence of work-related allergy-like symptoms in apprentices exposed to HMW-A and LMW-A in a culinary and hairdressing school during the first and second year of vocational training. Methods We asked culinary and hairdressing apprentices in their first and second year of vocational training to complete a questionnaire about work-related allergy-like symptoms. In first-year apprentices, we undertook spirometry, skin prick tests for occupational allergens and blood tests for allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Results Hypersensitivity to occupational allergens was more frequent in first-year apprentices exposed to HMW-A compared to LMW-A (P < 0.05). Apprentices exposed to LMW-A reported increasing occurrence of skin disorders and upper respiratory tract symptoms between the first and second years of training. First-year apprentices exposed to HMW-A more frequently reported rhino-conjunctivitis and dyspnoea (approximately P < 0.001 and P < 0.05) and those exposed to LMW-A more often reported skin symptoms (P < 0.05). Conclusions Periodic skin and respiratory health surveillance for apprentices exposed to LMW-A or HMW-A might help with early identification and management of occupational allergy.
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Perkinson, Margaret. "Developing Research Apprentices". Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 17, nr 2 (1.12.2000): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j148v17n02_01.
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Perkinson, Margaret A. "Developing Research Apprentices". Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 17, nr 2 (styczeń 2000): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j148v17n02_01.
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Steel, Sarah. "Taking on apprentices". Early Years Educator 16, nr 12 (2.04.2015): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2015.16.12.28.
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Murphy, Dermot F. "The Evaluator's Apprentices". Evaluation 2, nr 3 (lipiec 1996): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135638909600200306.
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Evans, Robert. "The Sorcerer's Apprentices". Healthcare Policy | Politiques de Santé 7, nr 2 (2.11.2011): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12927/hcpol.2011.22659.
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Dummert, Sandra, Ute Leber i Barbara Schwengler. "Unfilled Training Positions in Germany – Regional and Establishment-Specific Determinants". Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 239, nr 4 (26.07.2019): 661–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2018-0014.
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AbstractThe current situation in the German apprenticeship market is characterized by two contradictory developments. On the one hand, establishments are experiencing increasing problems filling the training positions they offer, and the number of vacant training positions is climbing. On the other hand, the transition into training is still difficult for many young people, and the number of unsuccessful vocational training applicants is rising. Hence, matching supply with demand is becoming increasingly difficult in the German job market for training positions. Using the Linked Employer-Employee dataset (LIAB) from the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), our paper provides a closer examination of the phenomenon of unfilled training positions. It presents an overview of the evolution of vacant training positions in eastern and western Germany and attempts to explain the number of vacancies by investigating the factors responsible for the establishments’ inability to fill their training positions. We assume that training position vacancies are due not only to internal company reasons such as firm size or the wage offer for apprentices but also to external conditions such as general regional factors. Therefore, our analysis also considers the situation on the demand side of the labor market within a region. The results of our multilevel mixed-effects estimations show that in addition to characteristics on the enterprise level, regional determinants also affect the share of vacant apprenticeships. With respect to establishment-related factors, mainly characteristics that describe the attractiveness of the firm prove to be important. With regard to regional-specific factors, we find that the availability of school leavers in a region in addition to the level of regional-sectoral competition impacts the recruiting success of establishments. Our analysis also shows that there are remarkable differences between eastern and western Germany concerning both the quantitative importance of unfilled training positions and the factors affecting them.
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Martinsen Watz, Siw. "Selvstendige helsefagarbeidere i morgendagens helsetjeneste". Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training 12, nr 3 (16.12.2022): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/njvet.2242-458x.2212395.
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Work in home nursing care is characterised by individual work and time limits and requires an independent professional. This article investigates how apprentices in the health care profession in Norway develop independence during their apprenticeship period in home nursing care. The study addresses the apprentices’ perspective on their own development in the encounter with the field of practice and the patient living at home. The research question the article answers is: How do health care apprentices experience the development of independent professional practices during the apprenticeship period in home nursing care? 12 apprentices and newly qualified health care professionals were interviewed individually, with a semi-structured interview guide as a starting point. The results show that health care apprentices encounter a working day in home nursing care where the individual apprentice’s independence is both a prerequisite for the work, and a consequence of high workload. The development of independence at work can be linked to the apprentices’ participation in practice, gradual and adapted responsibility and to guidance and reflection in a community of practice. The study claims that development takes place in interaction with the supervisor, other colleagues and patients. When apprentices are given tasks adapted to their level of competence, they experience control and develop independence.
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Xie, Xiaoyan. "Improving the Employability of Apprentices Under the Modern Apprenticeship System". International Journal of Education and Humanities 9, nr 3 (26.07.2023): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v9i3.10629.
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The employability of animation apprentices has been improved under the modern apprenticeship system, but there are many problems under the new system. This paper puts forward countermeasures for some problems existing in the employment of modern apprentices, and provides an effective path for the improvement of the employability of modern apprentices.
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Winkelmann, Rainer. "Employment Prospects and Skill Acquisition of Apprenticeship-Trained Workers in Germany". ILR Review 49, nr 4 (lipiec 1996): 658–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399604900405.
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Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for 1984–90, the author analyzes the entrance of young individuals into the German labor market, comparing the experience of apprenticeship graduates to that of graduates from universities, full-time vocational schools, and secondary schools. Apprentices experienced fewer unemployment spells in the transition to their first full-time employment than did non-apprentices. Among apprentices, those trained in large firms had the smoothest transition to employment; once employed, however, apprentices (whether they stayed in their training firm or not) and non-apprentices had similar job stability (as measured by tenure). An estimated 70% of apprenticeship trainees left their training firm within a five-year period. These findings are consistent with the view that apprenticeship training develops general, portable skills rather than firm-specific skills.