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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Cheng, Alvan, Angie Ghanem-Uzqueda, Nicole A. Hoff, Hayley Ashbaugh, Reena H. Doshi, Patrick Mukadi, Roger Budd i in. "Tetanus seroprotection among children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2013–2014". PLOS ONE 17, nr 5 (19.05.2022): e0268703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268703.
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Background Tetanus is a potentially fatal disease that is preventable through vaccination. While the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has continued to improve implementing routine vaccination activities throughout the country, they have struggled to maintain high childhood vaccine coverage. This study aims to examine the seroprevalence of tetanus in children 6 to 59 months to identify areas for intervention and improvement of vaccination coverage. Methods In collaboration with the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey, we assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus antibodies among children in the DRC. Dried blood spot samples collected from children 6–59 months of age were processed using a prototype DYNEX Multiplier® chemiluminescent automated immunoassay instrument with a multiplex measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tetanus assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with tetanus vaccination and seroprotection. Results Overall, 36.1% of children 6–59 months of age reported receiving at least 1 dose of tetanus vaccine while 28.7% reported receiving 3 doses; tetanus seroprotection was 40%. Increasing age in children was associated with decreased tetanus seroprotection, but increased number tetanus vaccinations received. Factors related to increased tetanus seroprotection included number of children in the household, wealth index of the family, urban residence compared to rural, level of maternal education, and province and geography. Conclusions Our findings in this nationally representative sample indicate that serology biomarkers may help identify children who are not fully immunized to tetanus more accurately than reported vaccination. While children may be captured for routine immunization activities, as children age, decreasing seroprevalence may indicate additional need to bolster routine vaccination activities and documentation of vaccination in school aged children. Additionally, the study highlights gaps in rural residential areas and vaccination coverage based on maternal education, indicating that policies targeting maternal education and awareness could improve the coverage and seroprevalence of tetanus antibodies in the DRC.
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Hirka, E. I., i M. S. Popov. "IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE TETANUS TOXOID USE FOR THE URGENT SPECIFIC TETANUS PREVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH THE WOUND INFECTION". Kharkiv Surgical School, nr 3 (20.03.2020): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.3.2020.11.
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Summary. Aim. The present study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tetanus toxoid administration during the urgent specific tetanus prevention.
Materials and methods. The determination of tetanus immunity levels in patients with the wound infection before immunization, then 2 and 4 weeks after vaccination. Studies of blood sera of patients were carried out in dynamics by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a set of test systems for determining IgG antibodies to tetanus toxoid «Clostridium tetani toxin IgG», ELISA, Nova Tec Immundiagnostica GmbH, Germany. Results of the study were measured in International Units per milliliter (IU / ml).
Results. The tetanus toxoid AP-Biolik using for the urgent specific tetanus prevention is induce protective tetanus immunity levels 2 weeks after vaccination and long-term specific immunity protection 4 weeks after vaccination.
Conclusions. The immunological efficiency of AP-Biolik using was established during its applying for urgent specific tetanus prevention in patients with the wound infection.
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Langhorst, Silvan Elias, Niklas Frahm, Michael Hecker, Pegah Mashhadiakbar, Barbara Streckenbach, Julia Baldt, Felicita Heidler i Uwe Klaus Zettl. "Vaccination Coverage against Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis and Poliomyelitis and Validity of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis". Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, nr 5 (23.04.2022): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050677.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease with a neurodegenerative component of the central nervous system. Immunomodulatory therapy can increase the risk of infection, which is a particular risk for MS patients. Therefore, a complete vaccination status is of utmost importance as protection against vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Our aim was to investigate the vaccination status, vaccination card knowledge and the vaccination behavior of MS patients with regard to vaccinations against tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis and poliomyelitis. Three hundred twenty-seven patients with MS were evaluated by anamnesis, clinical examination, structured interview and vaccination card control in this two-center study. Based on the recommendations of the Robert Koch Institute, we assessed the completeness of the vaccination status of the examined vaccinations. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of patients with complete/incomplete or correctly/wrongly self-reported vaccination status was performed. In the cohort analyzed, the vaccination coverage was 79.5% for tetanus, 79.2% for diphtheria, 74.8% for pertussis and 84.8% for poliomyelitis. The assumed vaccination status was higher for tetanus (86.5%) and lower for diphtheria (69.4%), pertussis (61.2%) and poliomyelitis (75.9%). Patients who were unvaccinated or only partially vaccinated against tetanus had received vaccination advice from a physician less often in the past year (13.4 vs. 36.9%, p < 0.001) and had no one to check the vaccination card more often (35.8 vs. 12.3%, p < 0.001). High sensitivity (93.7%) and low specificity (30.3%) were determined regarding the validity of self-reported tetanus vaccination status. Patients with a correctly reported tetanus vaccination status were more likely to have their vaccination card checked by a physician than those who overestimated or underestimated their vaccination status (76.7 vs. 63.0/43.8%, p = 0.002). Similar findings were seen with regard to diphtheria, pertussis and poliomyelitis vaccination. Patients without a regular vaccination card control (17.1%) were more likely to be male (44.6 vs. 29.4%, p = 0.037), had fewer siblings on average (1.1 vs. 1.6, p = 0.016), dealt less frequently with the issue of vaccination in the past year (32.1 vs. 69.3%, p < 0.001) and more frequently had the wish to receive vaccination advice (48.2 vs. 34.4%, p = 0.030) than patients in whom the vaccination card was checked regularly by a physician. To minimize the risk of infection in MS patients, treating physicians should provide regular vaccination counseling and perform vaccination card controls, as these factors are associated with a higher vaccination coverage and a higher validity of self-reported vaccination statuses.
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Fletcher, Meghan, Shannon Rankin i Preeyaporn Sarangarm. "The Effect of Pharmacy-Driven Education on the Amount of Appropriately Administered Tetanus Vaccines in the Emergency Department". Hospital Pharmacy 54, nr 1 (18.04.2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018578718769239.
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Background: Tetanus vaccinations for wound prophylaxis are routinely administered in emergency departments (ED). Current recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding tetanus administration for wound prophylaxis differentiate between the tetanus and diphtheria (Td) and the tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) formulations and when they should be administered. Lack of knowledge regarding these recommendations, different formulations, and techniques to locate patient immunization history can lend to increased duplicate and inappropriate vaccinations. Objective: The purpose of this prospective, interventional study with a historical control was to evaluate the impact of a pharmacy-driven education series on the proportion of duplicate and inappropriate tetanus vaccinations administered in a level I trauma center ED. Methods: Three months of tetanus vaccinations administered in the ED after this education were analyzed and compared with a historical control. The primary outcome is the percentage of vaccinations considered duplicates (previous vaccination within the past 5 years) when patients’ medical record was reviewed for immunization history. Secondary end points include the percentage of vaccinations considered nonadherent (according to current CDC-ACIP guidelines), the total cost of all duplicate vaccinations, and the percentage of vaccination orders that had the wrong formulation administered. Results: The percentage of duplicate vaccinations decreased from 9.9% (25 vaccinations) to 5.5% (14 vaccinations) (P = .067) from the preintervention group to the postintervention group. Nonadherent vaccinations compiled 3.6% versus 2.8% of the vaccinations (P = .611) and incorrect formulations given were 18.2% versus 11.4% (P = .176) in the preintervention and postintervention groups, respectively. Conclusion: The study suggests that multiple formulations of tetanus vaccinations and fragmented documentation of immunizations increase the prevalence of medication errors related to tetanus vaccinations. It also indicates that interventions more enduring than education are required to prevent these errors.
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Cassimos, Dimitrios C., Evgnosia Effraimidou, Snezana Medic, Theoharis Konstantinidis, Maria Theodoridou i Helena C. Maltezou. "Vaccination Programs for Adults in Europe, 2019". Vaccines 8, nr 1 (20.01.2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010034.
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Background: While all European countries implement vaccination programs for children, there are gaps in terms of vaccination programs for adults. Methods: We studied the 2019 vaccination policies for adults in 42 European countries. Results: Vaccination programs for adults were in place in all countries. However, there were considerable differences between countries in terms of number of vaccinations, target populations and frame of implementation (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). In particular the following vaccination policies were in place: influenza (42 countries), tetanus (31), diphtheria (30), pneumococcus (29), hepatitis B (20), pertussis (18), measles (14), human papilloma virus (14), meningococcus tetravalent A,C,W,Y (14), rubella (13), hepatitis A (11), mumps (11), poliomyelitis (10), herpes zoster (9), varicella (8), tick-born encephalitis (8), meningococcus B (6), rabies (6), Haemophilus influenzae type b (5), tuberculosis (3), typhoid fever (3), meningococcus C (2), and yellow fever (1). Seventeen countries implement mandatory vaccinations, mainly against diphtheria, tetanus and hepatitis B. Conclusions: There are significant differences in vaccination programs for adults in Europe. Routine vaccination programs for adults need to be strengthened. A consensus-based vaccination program is needed.
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Seo, Seung Won, Jaewon Lee, Bong-Goo Yoo, Jehun Kim i So-Young Huh. "Autonomic instability in severe tetanus: a case report". Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology 23, nr 2 (29.10.2021): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14253/acn.2021.23.2.117.
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Tetanus is an infectious disease of the nervous system caused by Clostridium tetani, and is characterized by tonic muscle contractions, painful spasms, and autonomic dysfunction. Severe autonomic dysfunction associated with tetanus can be life-threatening. We present a 62-year-old female who experienced lockjaw after an ankle fracture. The patient was diagnosed with tetanus and received tetanus immunoglobulin and a vaccination. The patient subsequently experienced labile hypertension. This case highlights the challenge and importance of managing cardiovascular instability.
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Segarra-Newnham, Marisel. "Tracking Vaccination Rates among HIV-Positive Patients with a Computerized Reminder System". Hospital Pharmacy 38, nr 8 (sierpień 2003): 758–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001857870303800814.
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Objective This study deterimined vaccination rates at a Veterans Affairs HIV clinic before and after the 1997 implementation of a computerized reminder system. Methods Before implementation of a computerized reminder system, vaccinations were not always recorded on patients' medical records. After implementation, vaccinations were documented in the computer record and the system alerted providers when patients became due for a pneumococcal vaccine, tetanus booster, or other immunization. Charts for all patients (n = 211) enrolled in the HIV clinic were assessed for vaccination dates. Vaccination rates for patients (n = 71) enrolled before 1997 were compared with rates for patients (n = 140) enrolled after the computerized system was installed. The new system enabled the clinical pharmacist to monitor vaccination rates on a quarterly basis and facilitate patient appointments. Results Vaccination rates for patients enrolled before 1997 were 100% for initial pneumococcal vaccination and 100% for tetanus. Seventy-six percent of patients due for a pneumococcal vaccine booster had received it. In contrast, patients enrolled after 1997 had vaccination rates of 94% for pneumococcal vaccine; eight recently enrolled patients did not have documentation of vaccination. The clinical pharmacist scheduled these patients and the rate increased to 97%. Due to a product shortage, only 61% of patients enrolled after 1997 had received tetanus vaccine. Conclusions A computerized reminder system allows for reliable tracking of vaccination rates and can be used by pharmacists to improve preventive care for HIV-positive patients. Overall vaccination rates were well above the national norm.
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Hao, Nguyen Van, Nguyen Ngoc My Huyen, Nguyen Thi Han Ny, Vo Thi Nhu Trang, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Duong Bich Thuy, Nguyen Thanh Nguyen i in. "The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Toxigenic Clostridium tetani Infection: A Case-Control Study". American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, nr 2 (11.08.2021): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0146.
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ABSTRACT. Tetanus arises from wound contamination with Clostridium tetani, but approximately one fifth of patients have no discernable entry wound. Clostridium tetani is culturable from animal feces, suggesting the gastrointestinal tract could be an endogenous reservoir or direct-entry portal, but human data are lacking. In this study of 101 Vietnamese adults with tetanus and 29 hospitalized control subjects, admission stool samples were cultured for C. tetani. Anti-tetanus toxin antibodies were measured by ELISA. Clostridium tetani toxigenicity was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Toxigenic C. tetani was cultured from stool samples in 50 of 100 (50%) tetanus cases and 12 of 28 (42.9%) control subjects (P = 0.50), and stool samples of 44 of 85 (52.4%) tetanus cases with clinically identified wounds compared with 6 of 15 (47.6%) patients without clinically identified wounds (P = 0.28). Nine of 12 (75%) control subjects with toxigenic C. tetani in their stool samples lacked protective antibody concentrations. These findings fail to show evidence of an association between gastrointestinal C. tetani and tetanus infection, but emphasize the importance of increasing vaccination coverage.
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Mortelmans, Luc J. M., Colpin Gert i Jutten Y. C. Guido. "Thrombocytopenia after tetanus vaccination". European Journal of Emergency Medicine 16, nr 6 (grudzień 2009): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mej.0b013e328321b7a4.
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Puri, Ajit S. "Tetanus Following Smallpox Vaccination". Journal of Nepal Medical Association 5, nr 1 (1.01.2003): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.924.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Wheelock, Ana. "Determinants of adult influenza and tetanus vaccination in the UK". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/32270.
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Vaccination coverage in adults remains suboptimal. Health organisations have only recently begun to recognise the role of socio-psychological factors in vaccination decisions. These factors are particularly important, given that they are inherently amenable to policy and behaviour change. This thesis employs a mixed-methods approach to investigate the determinants of adult seasonal influenza and tetanus vaccination in the UK general adult population. It focuses on socio-psychological factors and draws upon health behaviour models, heuristics and biases and customer journey mapping theoretical approaches to guide research and elucidate findings. A narrative and a systematic review and meta-analysis reveal there are a number of socio-psychological factors frequently associated with vaccination, particularly influenza and influenza vaccine risk perception, perceived vaccine effectiveness and reported physician recommendation, and show that most of the evidence in this area is produced in the US. They also highlight the importance of some vaccine risk perceptions, such as influenza-like symptoms and unspecific side-effects, and demonstrate that the existing evidence is highly heterogeneous and often lacking in quality, further supporting a case for robust empirical research on this topic. Two qualitative studies show that vaccine uptake is largely driven by people’s risk perception of influenza and tetanus, and that the tetanus vaccine is perceived as safe, unlike the influenza vaccine. They also reveal how specific healthcare ‘touchpoints’ across the immunisation journey can facilitate or hinder uptake. A novel finding is that certain childhood experiences can influence adult vaccination decisions. Two cross-sectional survey studies show that a compact set of variables can predict 91% of influenza and 75% of tetanus vaccination behaviour. They also demonstrate that socio-psychological factors are the most important determinants of vaccination behaviour. This thesis shows that incorporating socio-psychological dimensions in all aspect of immunisation policy, from surveillance systems to policy evaluation, is critical to improve vaccination rates.
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Tamizifar, Hassan. "Enhancement of subunit influenza vaccine with diptheria - tetanus - pertussis (DTP) vaccination". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388739.
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O'Brien, Dawne, Ashley Santa-Cruz i Amy Kennedy. "Assessing Adherence to the Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis Vaccination Guidelines at a Federally Qualified Health Center Before and After a Clinical Pharmacist Intervention". The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614235.
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Class of 2014 AbstractSpecific Aims: Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis are diseases, which are preventable through proper vaccination. In spite of the availability these vaccines, however, there has recently been a surge in the number of pertussis cases in the United States. The objective of this study is to determine provider adherence to tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis guidelines set forth by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in a primary care setting before and after a clinical pharmacist intervention. Methods: A retrospective cohort of chart reviews was conducted between January 1 – September 30, 2013 to determine immunization adherence to tetanus, diphteria, and pertussis vaccination guidelines. A clinical pharmacist then preformed a series of cross-sectional chart reviews as an intervention. Following the intervention, a retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate if Tdap vaccination rates improved between March 17-23, 2014. Main Results: Overall immunization rates greatly improved following the intervention (p<0.0001; x2=44.988). For non-pregnant adults between the ages of 19-64 the vaccination rate improved from 26% to 61.1% (p<0.0001; x2=47.07). A statistically significant improvement was not seen in the groups with patients 65 or older or pregnant women (p>0.05). Tdap vaccination status was appropriately evaluated and vaccinations given by primary doctors improved from 17.7% to 61.2% and those prescribed by nurse practitioners improved from 22.4% to 56.3%. Conclusion: Intervention by a Clinical Pharmacist helped improve overall provider adherence to the tetanus, diphteria, and pertussis vaccination guidelines.
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Baynam, Gareth. "Genetic influences on vaccine response in children". University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0259.
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Vaccination is one of the most efficacious public health interventions1 and has been increasingly used to combat non-infectious diseases. Mechanisms underlying vaccine responses overlap with those regulating immune responses in health and disease. Therefore, an understanding of mechanisms underpinning these responses will have broad implications. Variation in immune response genes contributes to impaired vaccine responses2-4. Understanding the contribution of genetic variants to vaccine responses is likely to be particularly important in early life given the generalized functional immaturity of the immune system in infants and the highly variable kinetics of its maturation over the first few years of life5-7. However, studies of genetic influences on early childhood vaccine responses are scarce. Since a number of genes from several pathways are likely to be important, a targeted approach is necessary. This thesis explored the effects and interactions of genes associated with atopy, as atopy, or the genetic risk for it, has been associated with modulation of early childhood vaccine responses. This thesis aimed to: 1) investigate genetic variants associated with atopy on early childhood vaccine responses; 2) examine interactions between these genetic variants and non-genetic factors; 3) approach developmental genetic influences on genetic effects and their interactions; and 4) extend findings on vaccine responses to other immunological phenotypes and disease outcomes.
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Mastrodomenico, Jessica. "An Examination of the Socio-Demographic Characteristics Associated with Adult Vaccination Prevalence for Preventable Diseases in the United States". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/93.
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JESSICA MASTRODOMENICO
An Examination of the Socio-Demographic Characteristics Associated with Adult Vaccination Prevalence for Preventable Diseases in the United States
Background: An estimated 50,000 adults in the United States (U.S.) die each year from one of 10 vaccine preventable diseases. For those who survive vaccine preventable infections, health care costs and loss of income become more significant. While children in the U.S. aged 0-2 exhibit vaccine prevalence rates of almost 90%, some adult vaccine prevalence rates in the U.S. population are reported to be nearly 30-40% less than the goals set forth by Healthy People 2010. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between socio-demographic characteristics of U.S. adults and adult vaccination prevalence for pneumococcal, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, tetanus, and pertussis.
Methods: Data from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey were assessed examining various health indicators and characteristics of non-institutionalized adults and children. The sample was restricted to adults ≥18 years of age. Odds ratios were calculated and multivariate logistic regression was also conducted. P-values of <0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance.
Results: There were 21781 total observations; 19.3% received the pneumococcal vaccine, 9.4% received the hepatitis A vaccine, 27.2% received the hepatitis B vaccine, 55.1% received the tetanus vaccine, and 15.2% received the pertussis vaccine. Of the socio-demographic characteristics examined, age, health insurance, marital status, and education were significant for either all five or at least four of the vaccines included in this study. As one might expect those who reported health insurance and those who had a higher level of education usually had a higher likelihood of vaccine receipt as compared to those without health insurance and those with less than a high school education. Age associations varied due to age-related recommendations for certain vaccines such as pneumococcal (recommended for adults ≥65). Compared to the married population (referent), marital status results varied, but for reasons unclear. Whites, the referent group, were the most likely to be vaccinated as compared to Blacks, Hispanics/Latinos, and Asians. Hispanics/Latinos typically had the lowest likelihood of vaccination in this examination.
Conclusions: This study further explores the impact of socio-demographic disparities on vaccination status and adds new information to the literature regarding adult vaccination rates for preventable diseases. While research exists related to strengthening interventions such as patient reminder systems, those who do not see the same health care providers on a regular basis remain at risk for lower vaccination prevalence. It is important to better understand the role of social determinants of health, specifically in terms of vaccinations. Future research is needed to further characterize the association of socio-demographic factors with receipt of optional vaccines in adults.
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Adler, Marcel [Verfasser], Günter [Gutachter] Theißen, Klaus [Gutachter] Wimmers i Gerald [Gutachter] Reiner. "Transcriptomic response of porcine PBMCs to experimental tetanus vaccination : comparison of divergent phenotypes for lean growth and antibody titers / Marcel Adler ; Gutachter: Günter Theißen, Klaus Wimmers, Gerald Reiner". Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177601451/34.
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Piiroja, Devrout Ricardo Adrien. "Coverage and factors associated with incomplete vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in infants aged 12 to 23 months: secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656151.
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A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) 2019, with the objective of estimating the incomplete coverage of PTD and determining the factors associated with it in infants aged 12 to 23 months in Peru. Pearson's chi-square test was used for the bivariate analysis and the magnitude of the association was estimated using the crude (PRc) and adjusted (RPa) prevalence ratios.
Incomplete DPT coverage was 12.4% (CI 11.88-14.79) for the entire population studied. Infants in the third order of birth or more (PRa: 1.37; CI 1.01-1.84) and infants born by non-institutionalized delivery were more likely than children whose delivery was institutionalized (PRa; 1.70; CI 1.15-2.54). The probability of having incomplete coverage decreased by having 6 or more prenatal check-ups (PRa; 0.58; CI 0.46-0.73), as well as living in rural areas compared to living in urban areas (PRa; 0.64; CI 0.48-0.85).
Incomplete DPT vaccination in infants aged 12 to 23 months in Peru has a high level (> 10%), placing this population group at risk of suffering from these immunopreventable diseases and triggering outbreaks and epidemics in the community. The factors associated with incomplete vaccination are related to lower socioeconomic conditions and limited access to health services, which is why it is necessary to focus the interventions of the National Immunization Health Strategy to reverse this situation.Se realizó un estudio transversal basado en el análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) 2019, con el objetivo de estimar la cobertura incompleta de DPT y determinar los factores asociados a la misma en infantes de 12 a 23 meses en el Perú. Se utilizó la prueba chi cuadrado de Pearson para el análisis bivariado y la magnitud de la asociación se estimó mediante las razones de prevalencia crudas (RPc) y ajustadas (RPa). La cobertura incompleta de DPT fue de 12.4% (IC 11.88-14.79) para toda la población estudiada. Mayores probabilidades de cobertura incompleta tuvieron los infantes en tercer orden de nacimiento o más (PRa: 1.37; IC 1.01-1.84) y los infantes nacidos por parto no institucionalizado con respecto a los infantes cuyo parto fue institucionalizado (PRa; 1,70; IC 1.15-2.54). Disminuyó la probabilidad de tener cobertura incompleta el contar con 6 o más controles prenatales (PRa; 0.58; IC 0.46-0.73), así como vivir en el área rural con respecto a vivir en el área urbana (PRa; 0.64; IC 0.48-0.85). La vacunación incompleta de DPT en infantes de 12 a 23 meses en el Perú tuvo un nivel alto (>10%), colocando a este grupo poblacional en riesgo de padecer estas enfermedades inmunoprevenibles y desencadenar brotes y epidemias en la comunidad. Los factores asociados a la vacunación incompleta estuvieron relacionados a menores condiciones socioeconómicas y al acceso limitado a servicios de salud por lo que es necesario focalizar las intervenciones de la Estrategia Sanitaria Nacional de Inmunizaciones para revertir esta situación.
Tesis
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Vieira, Lucio Jose. ""Reconstruindo a trajetória de mães de crianças que morreram por tétano neonatal em Minas Gerais"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-20062005-164221/.
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Trata-se de uma pesquisa com o objetivo de compreender o adoecimento pelo tétano neonatal, a partir da análise da trajetória de um grupo de 19 mães de crianças que morreram em conseqüência da doença no período compreendido entre 1997 e 2002, em municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a análise, foram utilizadas Políticas de Assistência à Saúde da Mulher, Imunização e a Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Os dados foram obtidos em entrevistas semi-estruturadas e nos registros secundários do Cartão de Vacina e do Cartão da Gestante. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa, com enfoque nas representações sociais sobre a experiência da doença e o risco de adoecimento. Para a análise das entrevistas, utilizou-se o instrumento do discurso do sujeito coletivo. As mulheres, em sua maioria, são multíparas em idade fértil, desconhecem a doença e seus mecanismos de prevenção, embora relatem as principais manifestações clínicas do tétano neonatal associando-o ao mal-de-sete-dias. São evidentes as práticas de tratamento inadequado do coto umbilical utilizadas pelas mulheres, sedimentadas no risco potencial para a doença, a irregularidade do pré-natal, a ausência ou a administração de doses insuficientes de vacina para a proteção do tétano neonatal e do tétano acidental, e procedimentos pós-parto domiciliar impróprios utilizados pelas parteiras ou curiosas. Observou-se, pelas falas das mães, a presença da crendice sobre os cuidados com o coto umbilical e a falha dos serviços no processo de educação para a saúde. Urge implementar esforços estratégicos específicos, direcionados à vigilância epidemiológica, à capacitação de parteiras e aos profissionais de saúde, incrementar serviços de pré-natal e ampliar a cobertura vacinal para as mulheres, principalmente nas regiões de onde provêm os casos da pesquisa, contribuindo, assim, para a eliminação da doença.This research aimed to understand the illness caused by neonatal tetanus, based on the analysis of a group of 19 mothers histories involving children who died of the disease in communities located in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 1997 and 2002. The analysis was based on Womens Health Care and Immunization Policies and the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and secondary records from the Vaccination Card and the Pregnant Womans Card. A quantitative and qualitative methodology was adopted, focusing on the social representations about the disease experience and the risk of getting ill. The interviews were analyzed on the basis of collective subject discourse. Most women were of fertile age and multiparous and did not know about the disease and its prevention mechanisms, although they reported on the main clinical signs of neonatal tetanus, associating it with the seven-day disease. This study revealed the womens use of inadequate practices for treating the umbilical cord stump, based on the potential risk of catching the disease, irregular antenatal treatment, the absence or administration of insufficient doses of the vaccine to protect against neonatal and accidental tetanus, and inappropriate post-home delivery procedures used by midwifes. The mothers discourse revealed the presence of popular beliefs on care related to the umbilical cord stump and the services deficiency in the health education process. There is an urgent need to implement specific strategic efforts, aimed at epidemiological supervision, the training of midwifes and health professionals, and to increase prenatal services and expand vaccination coverage for women, mainly in the research cases regions of origin, thus contributing to the elimination of this disease.
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CHICH, MARIANNE. "Absence de reponse humorale a la vaccination antitetanique : etude bibliographique". Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M199.
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Randi, Bruno Azevedo. "Adesão de profissionais de saúde do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP à imunização com a vacina difteria, tétano e pertussis acelular do adulto (dTpa)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-27022019-155239/.
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Introdução: A vacina tríplice acelular de adultos (dTpa) foi introduzida no Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) em novembro de 2014, sendo recomendada para gestantes e profissionais de saúde (PS) que têm contato com gestantes e recém-nascidos. De abril a dezembro de 2015, foram implementadas várias estratégias para aumentar a cobertura vacinal entre os profissionais do Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP. Objetivos: Avaliar a cobertura vacinal entre os PS após implementação de cada estratégia e ao término de um ano; avaliar as variáveis associadas à vacinação; e avaliar os principais motivos de não vacinação entre os PS com indicação para tal. Métodos: Estratégias implementadas: divulgação, no boletim do hospital, de texto relembrando da necessidade de vacinação de coqueluche; reforço da necessidade da vacinação, via correio eletrônico, para as chefias de enfermagem das Divisões de Clínica Obstétrica, Neonatologia e Anestesia; aulas sobre a vacina dTpa nas reuniões científicas das Divisões de Clínica Obstétrica e Neonatologia; e vacinação ativa dos profissionais na Divisão de Clínica Obstétrica, Neonatologia e Anestesia. A cobertura vacinal foi avaliada ao fim de cada mês até abril de 2016, por meio do sistema informatizado de vacinação usado no CRIE-HC. Foi usado o modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para avaliação das variáveis associadas com a vacinação com dTpa. As razões de prevalência foram calculadas e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% estimados. Para avaliar os motivos de não vacinação, foram realizadas ligações telefônicas para os profissionais que não receberam a vacina e aplicado questionário padronizado. Resultados: Entre os 515 PS elegíveis para vacinação, 59 não possuíam registro no sistema informatizado de vacinação e foram excluídos. Assim, este estudo incluiu 456 PS. Após as intervenções, a cobertura vacinal com dTpa aumentou de 2,9% para 41,2%. As coberturas vacinais após a implementação de cada estratégia foram: 3,7% após publicação no Boletim do hospital; 10,5% após mensagem de correio eletrônico para as chefias de enfermagem; 16,2% após aula sobre a vacina em reuniões científicas das Divisões de Clínica Obstétrica e Neonatologia; 27,9% após vacinação ativa na Divisão de Clínica Obstétrica; 40,6% após vacinação ativa na Divisão de Neonatologia e 41,2% após vacinação ativa na Divisão de Anestesia. Na análise multivariada, ser médico (a), trabalhar nas Divisões de Clínica Obstétrica ou Anestesia e ter recebido a vacina de influenza de 2015 foram associados à vacinação com dTpa. Foi feito contato telefônico com 39 profissionais que não receberam a vacina em nosso serviço; apenas 9 (23%) referiram ter recebido a vacina em outros serviços; e dos 30 não vacinados, 27 (90%) alegaram desconhecimento da recomendação. Conclusões: Conhecimento sobre a doença e a recomendação de vacinação são importantes para aumentar a cobertura vacinal entre PS. Porém, mesmo sabendo do efeito cumulativo na cobertura vacinal a cada estratégia realizada, a vacinação ativa dos PS em seus locais de trabalho parece ter sido a estratégia que mais contribuiu para o aumento da cobertura. A cobertura vacinal final de dTpa permanece baixa e maiores esforços são necessários para aumentá-laIntroduction: The acellular pertussis vaccine for adults (Tdap) was introduced in the Brazilian National Immunization Program (PNI) in November 2014, being recommended for pregnant women and healthcare workers (HCWs) who have contact with pregnant women and newborns. From April to December 2015, interventions to raise Tdap coverage among HCWs of the Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas were implemented. Objective: To evaluate the cumulative vaccine coverage after each intervention; identify factors associated to Tdap vaccination among HCWs; and evaluate the main reasons for HCWs not receiving Tdap. Methods: Interventions implemented: a note on the hospital\'s internal newsletter, reminding HCWs of the importance of pertussis vaccination; email to the nurse´s teams leaders strengthening vaccine recommendations; lectures on pertussis and Tdap for physicians at the clinical meetings of the Obstetrics and Neonatology Clinics; on-site vaccination by mobile teams at the Obstetrics, Neonatology, and Anesthesiology Clinics. The vaccine coverage was evaluated at the end of each month until April-2016. A multivariate Poisson regression model with robust error variance was used to evaluate variables associated with Tdap vaccination. Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95%CI were estimated. To evaluate the reasons for HCWs not to be vaccinated, those who have not received Tdap were called by phone and a standard questionnaire was applied. Results: Among 515 HCWs eligible for immunization, 59 professionals were not registered in the vaccination data system and were excluded because information about Tdap vaccine could not be achieved. The study included 456 HCWs. After the interventions, Tdap coverage raised from 2.9% to 41.2%. The vaccine coverage after each intervention was: 3.7% after a note on the hospital\'s internal newsletter; 10.5% after email to the nurse´s teams leaders strengthening vaccine recommendations; 16.2% after lectures on pertussis and Tdap for physicians at the clinical meetings of the Obstetrics and Neonatology Clinics; 27.9% after on-site vaccination by mobile teams at the Obstetrics Clinic; 40.6% after on-site vaccination at the Neonatology Clinic and 41.2% after on-site vaccination at the Anesthesiology Clinic. In the multiple analysis, occupation, working place and having received influenza vaccination in 2015 were independently associated to Tdap vaccination. Thirty-nine HCWs that have not received Tdap were contacted by phone: 90% of them claimed they did not know the vaccine recommendation. Conclusions: Knowledge about pertussis and the recommendation of vaccination are important to raise vaccine coverage between HCWs. Even knowing the cumulative effect of each strategy on vaccine coverage, HCWs vaccination in their workplaces seems to be the most effective strategy in raising coverage. The final Tdap coverage remains low and greater efforts are needed to increase it
Książki na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Zamula, Evelyn. Adults need tetanus shots, too. [Rockville, MD: Food and Drug Administration, 1996.
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Koening, Michael Alan. Mortality reductions from measles and tetanus immunization: A review of the evidence. Washington, DC (1818 H St. NW, Washington 20433): World Bank, 1992.
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Organization, Pan American Health. Neonatal tetanus elimination: Field guide. Wyd. 2. Washington, D.C: Pan American Health Organization, Regional Office of the World Health Organization, 2005.
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Organization, Pan American Health, red. Guía práctica para la eliminación del tétanos neonatal: Programa ampliado de inmunización, programa de salud maternoinfantil y población. Washington, D.C: Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Oficina Sanitaria Panamericana, Oficina Regional de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, 1993.
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S, Anselmo Andreotti. Controversia sobre la vacuna antitetánica de Bolivia a Filipinas (1992): Primer intento de aclarar en forma popular la esterilización inmumológica. Cochabamba, Bolivia: [s.n.], 1999.
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Miller, Mary E. Diseases That Are Preventable by Vaccination: Polio, Tetanus, Measles, and Mumps. Momentum Press, 2017.
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Management Sciences for Health (Firm) i Immunization and Other Child Health Project (Bangladesh), red. Vaccination coverage survey of the Kushtia municipality, October 2001. Dhaka: [s.n.], 2001.
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Management Sciences for Health (Firm), Immunization and Other Child Health Project (Bangladesh) i Saving Newborn Lives (Save the Children (U.S.)), red. Vaccination coverage survey of routine EPI and 2001 MNT campaign in the slums of Dhaka City corporations, September 2001. Dhaka: [s.n.], 2002.
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War Crimes in Japan-Occupied Indonesia: A Case of Murder by Medicine. Potomac Books, Incorporated, 2016.
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Karen, Bellenir, i Dresser Peter D, red. Contagious and non-contagious infectious diseases sourcebook: Basic information about contagious diseases like measles, polio, hepatitis B, and infectious mononucleosis, non-contagious infectious diseases like tetanus and toxic shock syndrome, and diseases occurring as secondary infections such as shingles and Reye syndrome along with vaccination, prevention, and treatment information and a section describing emerging infectious disease threats. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 1996.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Galazka, A., i F. Gasse. "The Present Status of Tetanus and Tetanus Vaccination". W Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 31–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85173-5_2.
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Zürrer, G., i R. Steffen. "Side Effects of Tetanus Versus Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccination in Travelers". W Travel Medicine, 225–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_39.
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Shin, Gee Yen. "Vaccination Schedules". W Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0062.
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The vaccines included in the current UK Immunisation Schedule offer protection against the following pathogens: A. Viruses ● Measles ● Mumps ● Rubella ● Polio ● Human Papilloma Virus (certain serotypes) ● Rotavirus ● Influenza virus (flu A and B) ● Varicella zoster virus (shingles) ● Hepatitis B virus B. Bacteria ● Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Diphtheria) ● Clostridium tetani (Tetanus) ● Bordetella pertussis (Pertussis) ● Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) ● Neisseria meningitidis (Meningococcal disease—certain serotypes) ● Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcal disease—certain serotypes) The UK Immunisation Schedule has evolved over several decades and reflects changes in vaccine development and commercial availability, national and sometimes international disease epidemiology, and the latest expert opinion. It is designed to offer optimal protection against infectious diseases of childhood to infants and children at the most appropriate age. The most up-to-date information about the UK Immunisation Schedule is available on the online version of the Department of Health publication commonly known as the ‘Green Book’: Immunisation Against Infectious Disease Handbook (see Further reading. Various chapters of the online version are updated at regular intervals; thus, it is very important to refer to the online version of the Green Book on the website for current guidance. Changes to the UK Immunisation Schedule are made on the recommendation of the independent Joint Committee on Vaccines and Immunisation (JCVI). Several of the UK Immunisation Schedule vaccines are combined vaccines: ● Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). ● Hexavalent diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated polio virus, Haemophilus influenza type b, hepatitis B (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB). ● Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated polio, and Haemophilus influenzae (DTaP/IPV/Hib). ● Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated polio (DTaP/IPV). ● Tetanus, diphtheria, and inactivated polio (Td/IPV). ● Inactivated influenza vaccine: influenza A H1N1, H3N2, influenza B. ● Live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine: influenza A H1N1, H3N2, influenza B. In the UK, vaccines against single pathogens covered by the MMR vaccine are not recommended and not available in the National Health Service (NHS). There has been some limited demand for single-target vaccines, e.g. measles, due to misguided and unfounded concerns about the alleged risks of autism following MMR.
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Thwaites, C. Louise, i Lam Minh Yen. "Tetanus". W Oxford Textbook of Medicine, redaktor Christopher P. Conlon, 1109–15. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0127.
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Clostridium tetani is a Gram-positive spore-forming anaerobic bacillus able to infect and cause disease in both humans and animals. The bacterium is highly sensitive to oxygen but can survive in the environment as an extremely resistant metabolically inactive spore. Under suitable anaerobic conditions the spore germinates and the bacteria multiply, releasing a highly potent neurotoxin, tetanus toxin, which is responsible for the clinical features of tetanus. Tetanus is a disease characterized by muscle spasms caused by a toxin produced by Clostridium tetani. Without treatment mortality is high due to muscle spasms which prevent respiration or due cardiovascular system instability secondary to autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Tetanus is prevented by good wound hygiene and/or vaccination and, although rare in developed countries, the disease remains a significant problem in many countries where facilities for treatment are often poor and mortality remains high.
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Sohail, M. Rizwan. "Select Anaerobic Bacteria: Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum". W Mayo Clinic Infectious Diseases Board Review, 102–9. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199827626.003.0008.
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The focus of this chapter is 2 types of gram-negative aerobic bacteria, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum, and the diseases they cause. Tetanus is a nervous system disorder characterized by intense, painful muscle spasm caused by Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is prevalent in developing countries, but it is rare in developed nations owing to universal childhood vaccination. Common modes of acquisition are puncture wounds, gunshot wounds, burns, compound fractures, and contaminated or unsterile injections. Botulism is a neuroparalytic syndrome caused by neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. The US Food and Drug Administration approved botulinum toxin for treatment of neuromuscular disorders, including blepharospasm, strabismus, and torticollis, and for many cosmetic procedures.
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Brazelton, Mary Augusta. "Epilogue". W Mass Vaccination, 166–70. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739989.003.0009.
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This epilogue discusses that by the end of the socialist period in 1978, a new generation of immunologists and bacteriologists was beginning to rise to prominence, although the Cultural Revolution had broadly impeded and delayed education in this field. Many founding figures in modern Chinese immunology were by this time retired or dead. Despite the erosion of many programs that had delivered vaccines and other health services to large rural populations, mass immunization has continued after the economic reforms of the 1980s as a mandatory, regular practice of childhood health in China. A baby born in the People's Republic of China, much like their counterparts in the United States and Europe, is given a battery of mandatory shots by the age of two that provides protection against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, and other illnesses—and including the BCG and oral polio vaccines. These vaccinations are administered against a backdrop of growing environmental crisis and rising pharmaceutical safety concerns. By 2010, however, cancer, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic illnesses replaced infectious diseases as the primary causes of death. China's twentieth century thus saw a remarkable transformation in causes and scales of mortality. The establishment of a universal, mandatory immunization system in the mid-twentieth century helped make that transformation, and its surveillance, possible.
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Sharma, RK, i Dharshan R. "Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis (Tdap Vaccine) Vaccination in Adults". W Adult Immunization, 205. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12329_28.
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Swanton, Claudia L., Barbara J. Timm i Heidi K. Roeber Rice. "Immunization". W Mayo Clinic Preventive Medicine and Public Health Board Review, 93–109. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199743018.003.0007.
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The use of vaccines can be traced back to China and India before 200 BC. Vaccination, now considered one of the most effective public health interventions, became common practice in the 1940s with the introduction of vaccines for diphtheria and tetanus. Since that time, many infectious diseases have been well controlled through vaccination. This chapter focuses on live and attenuated bacterial and viral vaccines and those that are composed of toxoids. Hepatitis B, pneumococcal disease, and influenza are the most common vaccine-preventable diseases in adults. Rates of childhood vaccination remain suboptimal. Ideally, vaccination begins before infants are dismissed home after birth. Targeted awareness campaigns can be used to educate providers and the public about the importance of immunization.
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Hadjivassiliou, Giorgos, i Edgar T. Overton. "“What shots do I need?”". W HIV, 253–58. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190088316.003.0027.
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This chapter reviews the current recommendations for adult persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States regarding vaccine-preventable diseases. In clinical practice, PLWH should be offered annual influenza vaccine; a combination of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine; depending on previous vaccination, pneumococcal vaccine, meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines. Human papilloma virus vaccine can be given in PLWH up until the age of 26. Live vaccines, including the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and varicella vaccine, can be given in those individuals who have CD4 cell counts of greater than 200 cells/mm3 and did not receive these vaccines during childhood. Some expert panels endorse recombinant zoster vaccination in PLWH at least 50 years old, although there is no current official recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The chapter covers routine vaccinations for PLWH.
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Baxter, Roger, Joan Bartlett, Bruce Fireman, Edwin Lewis i Nicola P. Klein. "Effectiveness of Vaccination During Pregnancy to Prevent Infant Pertussis". W Immunization Strategies and Practices, 37–44. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022774-effectiveness.
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BACKGROUND Vaccination against pertussis during pregnancy is recommended to protect newborns, yet there is limited information about the effectiveness of maternal tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine before the first infant dose of diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine and during the first year of life in infants who have received DTaP. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study of infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from 2010 to 2015, we estimated the effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination for protecting newborns against pertussis in the first 2 months of life and in the first year of life accounting for each infant DTaP dose. RESULTS Among 148 981 newborns, the vaccine effectiveness of maternal Tdap was 91.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.5 to 99.1) during the first 2 months of life and 69.0% (95% CI, 43.6 to 82.9) during the entire first year of life. The vaccine effectiveness was 87.9% (95% CI, 41.4 to 97.5) before infants had any DTaP vaccine doses, 81.4% (95% CI, 42.5 to 94.0) between doses 1 and 2, 6.4% (95% CI, −165.1 to 66.9) between doses 2 and 3, and 65.9% (95% CI, 4.5 to 87.8) after infants had 3 DTaP doses. CONCLUSIONS Maternal Tdap vaccination was highly protective against infant pertussis, especially in the first 2 months of life. Even after infant DTaP dosing, there was evidence of additional protection from maternal Tdap vaccination for the first year of life. This study strongly supports the United States’ current recommendation to administer Tdap during each pregnancy.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Natarajan, Naveen Ramji, Thamaraiselvi, A. S. Arunkumar, Kalaiselvan i S. Gowtham. "Tetanus in the Era of Vaccination: A Case Report". W ISACON KARNATAKA 2017 33rd Annual Conference of Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA), Karnataka State Chapter. Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/isacon-karnataka/2017/ep127.
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Drijfhout, Jan Wouter, Erika Fletcher, Justyna Leja-Jarblad, Iliana Kerzeli, Robert Cordfunke, Gunilla Tornqvist, Frida Lindqvist i in. "Abstract 5638: A tetanus-way of improving synthetic long peptide tumor vaccination". W Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5638.
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Janjanam, Vimala Devi, Nandini Mukherjee, Hongmei Zhang, John W. Holloway, Hasan Arshad, Faisal I. Rezwan i Wilfried Karmaus. "Tetanus vaccination reduces the risk of asthma in adolescence by differential DNA-methylation". W ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.oa3316.
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Isba, Rachel, Fiona Egboko, Nigel Davies i Jo Knight. "668 Should we formally verify the tetanus and MMR vaccination status of all those < 2 years of age attending the paediatric emergency department?" W Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.23.
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Badamshina, G. G., E. P. Sizova i L. M. Fatkhutdinova. "STUDY OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY TO INFECTIONS IN MEDICAL WORKERS". W The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-44-47.
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Abstract: Introduction. In the course of their work, medical workers are exposed to a biological factor, including bacterial, viral nature. Medical personnel come into contact with patients with measles, rubella, diphtheria, tuberculosis, hepatitis, coronavirus infection and other infectious diseases. The aim of the study is to assess the humoral immunity by the presence antibodies to the measles, rubella, hepatitis B viruses, to the causative agent COVID-19, tuberculosis and diphtheria bacteria in health care workers. Methods. Antibodies to measles, rubella, hepatitis B viruses, diphtheria and tetanus pathogens were measured in blood serum samples of 1221 MW; total antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis - in 120 MW; antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus – in 301 MW. The study was carried out by the method of enzyme immunoassay using commercial test systems; antibodies to diphtheria toxoid were detected in the passive hemagglutination reaction. The control group consisted of persons of engineering and technical personnel, comparable in age, gender and work experience. Results. Medical personnel were found to have significantly more frequent detection of seronegative reactions to the presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus (40.9% and 13.5%, p<0.001) of measles (28.8% and 3.9%, p<0.05); significantly high prevalence in the presence of total antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis (7.5% of cases in medical, 0% of cases of workers in the control group, p<0.05). In comparison with doctors, nurses had a significantly higher prevalence of antibodies to the nucleocapsid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (38.9% and 23.7%, p<0.05). Conclusions. The study of post-vaccination immunity in medical workers showed the presence of a high proportion of seronegative individuals among vaccinated (viral hepatitis B, measles) medical workers and, accordingly, significant biological risks. A higher seroprevalence in total antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis may also indicate insufficient immune protection among MW. The biological significance of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 virus proteins (for nurses) requires further study.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Tetanus – Vaccination"
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Lewin, Simon, Sebastián García Martí, Agustín Ciapponi, Shaun Treweek i Andy Oxman. What are the effects of interventions to improve childhood vaccination coverage? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/16081605.
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Routine vaccination during childhood is considered to be the single most effective way of controlling many infectious diseases, including measles, polio, diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus, and reducing child mortality and morbidity. However, not all children receive their recommended vaccinations. Different approaches that aim to increase childhood vaccination coverage include health education, monetary incentives for clients, provider oriented interventions, system interventions such as integration, home visits and reminders for parents.
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Gidengil, Courtney, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Margaret Maglione, Sydne J. Newberry, Peggy Chen, Kelsey O’Hollaren, Nabeel Qureshi i in. Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer244.
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Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the safety of vaccines recommended for routine immunization in the United States, updating the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) report on the topic. Data sources. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus through November 9, 2020, building on the prior 2014 report; reviewed existing reviews, trial registries, and supplemental material submitted to AHRQ; and consulted with experts. Review methods. This report addressed three Key Questions (KQs) on the safety of vaccines currently in use in the United States and included in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommended immunization schedules for adults (KQ1), children and adolescents (KQ2), and pregnant women (KQ3). The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel that identified key adverse events of particular concern. Two reviewers independently screened publications; data were extracted by an experienced subject matter expert. Studies of vaccines that used a comparator and reported the presence or absence of adverse events were eligible. We documented observed rates and assessed the relative risks for key adverse events. We assessed the strength of evidence (SoE) across the existing findings from the prior 2014 report and the new evidence from this update. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180089). Results. A large body of evidence is available to evaluate adverse events following vaccination. Of 56,608 reviewed citations, 189 studies met inclusion criteria for this update, adding to data in the prior 2014 report, for a total of 338 included studies reported in 518 publications. Regarding vaccines recommended for adults (KQ1), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence in this update, including for newer vaccines such as recombinant influenza vaccine, adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine, and recombinant adjuvanted zoster vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted a signal for anaphylaxis for hepatitis B vaccines in adults with yeast allergy and for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for children and adolescents (KQ2), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence, including for newer vaccines such as 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and meningococcal B vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted signals for rare adverse events—such as anaphylaxis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and febrile seizures—with some childhood vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for pregnant women (KQ3), we found no evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE among either pregnant women or their infants following administration of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines during pregnancy. Conclusion. Across this large body of research, we found no new evidence of increased risk since the prior 2014 report for key adverse events following administration of vaccines that are routinely recommended. Signals from the prior report remain unchanged for rare adverse events, which include anaphylaxis in adults and children, and febrile seizures and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. There is no evidence of increased risk of adverse events for vaccines currently recommended in pregnant women. There remains insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about some rare potential adverse events.