Rozprawy doktorskie: „Tenure”

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Verrier, David Arthur. "On becoming tenured : acquiring academic tenure at a research university /". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487693923196838.

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Watkins, Michelle Christine. "Engaged Scholarship Activities Among Tenure-Track and Tenured Faculty Members". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1525.

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Institutions of higher education are widely known to be places that help solve the problems of society; however, few college professors seem to practice engaged scholarship after receiving tenure. In a time of decreased funding for public higher education institutions and increased competition for students with private institutions, public higher education institutions would do well to maintain their images as community partners. In this regard, public institutions need to know whether engaged scholarship among the professoriate has decreased, why this may be occurring, and how to inspire professors to create positive social change. This qualitative case study applied Frederick Herzberg's motivational theory of job satisfaction on engaged scholarship and tenure to determine the extent to which faculty members practice engaged scholarship pretenure and posttenure. The main research question addressed was whether the study participants perceived a negative relationship between tenure status and engaged scholarship. Fourteen face-to-face interviews of faculty and administrators, obtained through purposeful convenience sampling, provided the answer to this and other questions. Interviews were coded according in alignment with the methods used in the Herzberg study in 1959. The data analysis revealed institutional issues to address, specifically, to include institutional support for engaged scholarship and the accuracy of perceived administrative and faculty workloads. From this analysis, a comprehensive engaged scholarship program evolved that, on implementation, would address the concerns of the participants and increase faculty engaged involvement in scholarship that higher education institutions can continue to contribute to positive social change.

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Gossage, Lily Giang-Tien. "Work-Life Balance of Tenured and Tenure-Track Women Engineering Professors". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6435.

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Balancing the needs of family with career ambitions is often challenging for women who pursue science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) careers, particularly in academia. In these male-dominated workplaces, few incentives exist for women who decide to manage both work and family. In this basic qualitative research study, a modified approach combining in-depth interviewing with life-history interviewing was used to examine the work-life balance experiences of 12 tenured and tenure-track women engineering faculty who have children. The research question addressed participants' perceptions of engineering academia and experiences regarding family formation, child-raising, and the tenure process. Data were analyzed using the constant comparison method. The conceptual lens consisted of identity formation, feminine ethic of care, procedural knowing, and social learning. Four themes or key findings surfaced from this study: Participants experienced gender stereotyping in engineering academia, participants recognized overlap between the tenure and biological clocks, participants expressed a default arrangement in assuming the burden of childcare, and participants revealed that work-life balance is a false concept. The most significant finding was that the notion of work-life balance was inconsistent with participants' experiences with managing childcare and career; they described their experiences to be more about work-life integration. Implications for positive social change include improving gender diversity and the representation of women in engineering academia. Senior leaders and administrators at institutions of higher education may use study findings, for instance, to undertake program reform to recruit more women into engineering academia.

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Batchelor, Roger D. "Academic freedom and tenure, protections for the tenure candidate". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32358.pdf.

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Philpot, Denise R. "Tenured/tenure-track Faculty Diversity: Does Search Committee Training Make a Difference?" Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699983/.

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Diversity impacts organizations, both internally and externally. Responses to changes in demographics come from legal and moral imperatives. As a reflection of the changes in the population demographics in the United States, universities have seen and sought increased diversity in their student enrollment. Many institutions have purposeful plans to increase representation of under-represented groups as well as those students from low-income families. Some schools also recognize the importance of having diversity represented within their staff and faculty positions as a way of creating a supportive environment that also promotes diversity of thought. As schools increase the diversity of their student population, at what level are they increasing diversity among their tenured and tenure-track faculty? The purpose of this study is to examine the impact on full-time tenured/tenure-track faculty diversity compared to enrolled student diversity at institutions that promote, require, or provide access to training for faculty search committees, including diversity/cultural awareness, legal compliance, and process training, and those institutions that do not appear to have any training requirement as documented on their websites. Only tenured/tenure-track faculty were considered as they are the permanent teaching/research positions and generally represent the core faculty of every department at a university.

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Case, Kim A., Jeannetta Williams, Stacey L. Williams i Nicole Shelton. "Lessons for Thriving on the Tenure Track: Survival Tips From Assistant and Tenured Professors". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8132.

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This discussion begins with an introduction by faculty presenters currently on the journey toward tenure and those recently tenured. The panelists intend to cover topics including tips for surviving the first year, finding time for research, planning and preparing for your tenure review, and managing balance. How might faculty carve out the necessary time to cultivate an active research program, especially at teaching institutions? What materials should faculty collect for presentation in their tenure case file? How might faculty manage success in various professional expectations with regard to research, teaching, and service? How might faculty deal with the potential pitfalls of departmental and institutional politics? Ideas, experiences, and questions from discussion attendees are more than welcome.

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Winstead, Lucas. "Teacher Tenure in K-12 Public Education: A Study of Tennessee Tenure Law". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3692.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the Tennessee tenure law by comparing the overall level of effectiveness of teachers who received tenure prior to receiving tenure and the overall level of effectiveness of teachers after receiving tenure. The population of this study includes teachers from districts in the Mid Cumberland region in Tennessee who received tenure after 2012. The major finding of this study was the effectiveness of teachers who received tenure under the current tenure law in Tennessee did not significantly change for up to two years after they received tenure. The lone exception was high school teachers. Their effectiveness significantly declined two years after receiving tenure. This study concluded that the current tenure law in Tennessee had components of effective policies as found in research and had safeguards in place to ensure only effective teachers were awarded tenure.

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Johnson, Vanessa. "The Role of Gender Interactions, Company Tenure and Job Tenure in Upward Feedback Ratings". TopSCHOLAR®, 2000. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/723.

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Using feedback scores from an established upward feedback program, the role of gender interactions, company tenure, and job tenure on leadership ratings of managers by subordinates were examined. Four separate analyses were conducted: a 2 X 2 ANOVA, a 2 X 6 ANOVA, and two Aptitude-Treatment Interaction (ATI) regression analyses in accordance with the procedure set forth in Pedhazur (1997). No significant main effects or interactions were found for manager gender and subordinate gender on ratings of managers. Manager company tenure had a significant effect on ratings of managers, R = .002, F (1, 168) = .53, p < .05, but manager job tenure was not found to have a significant effect on manager ratings. Subordinate company tenure also had a significant effect on manager ratings, F (5, 3973) = 5.95, p < .01. A post-hoc Scheffe's test indicated significant differences were shown between subordinates whose tenure was 6 months to 1 year and 1 to 3 years versus subordinates whose tenure was greater than 10 years, p < .05. The need for further research of factors that may influence upward feedback ratings was emphasized; limitations of the study were also discussed.

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Wright, Stephen W. "Perceptions of Tenured Faculty Members About the Post-tenure Review Process in Tennessee Community Colleges". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1997. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2998.

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The purpose of this study is to determine if differences exist between tenured faculty members perceptions about what actually occurs during the post-tenure review process and what they believe should occur in the twelve community colleges in the Tennessee Board of Regents System. This study presents the status of higher education tenure from a historical and legal basis nationally and in Tennessee. The study also presents various models of faculty evaluation and post-tenure review practices in higher education nationwide, as well as in Tennessee. The data in this study are analyzed through descriptive statistics and presented the demographic data including campus location, age, years of teaching experience, ethnicity, highest degree obtained, faculty rank, and gender. Further demographic data analysis, ANOVA and t-tests, finds no significant differences among tenured faculty concerning the post-tenure review process. The review of literature and data presented in this study implies that post-tenure review is most accepted when administrators effectively communicate the purpose of post-tenure review, routinely provide an orientation to the process, generally familiarize themselves with the concerns and perceptions of those undergoing the post-tenure review, and clearly ensure that the concept of academic freedom is not undermined.

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Li, Dan. "Auditor tenure and accounting conservatism". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06262007-165211/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Mulford, Charles, Committee Member ; Schneider, Arnold, Committee Chair ; Comiskey, Eugene, Committee Member ; Church, Bryan, Committee Member ; Basu, Sudipta, Committee Member.

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Brown, Diane Peacock. "Occupational Therapy Academic Program Faculty Attitudes Toward Tenure as Measured by the Tenure Attitude Scale". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3265/.

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This study explored attitudes of occupational therapy faculty toward tenure and selected alternatives to tenure. A survey method was employed, and the Tenure Attitude Survey Instrument, (TASI), was created for use in the study. Additionally, a questionnaire sought information regarding respondents' rank, tenure and administrative status, institutional type, and years in academia. Participants were accredited occupational therapy professional program faculty who identified their primary work setting as "Academic" on the 2000-2001 American Occupational Therapy Association membership survey. Factor analysis of 577 surveys examined the structure of scores on the TASI, and the instrument consisted of 4 scales, and 18 items, as follows: Scale One: Attitude toward academic freedom and job security protection, 7 items; Scale Two: Attitude toward tenure in general, 6 items; Scale Three: Attitude toward stop-the-tenure clock provisions, 2 items; and Scale Four: Attitude toward post-tenure review, 3 items. Cronbach's alpha was conducted, as follows: TASI overall alpha = .7915; Scale 1 alpha = .7884; Scale 2 alpha = .8420; Scale 3 alpha = .7020; Scale 4 alpha = .4229. Proportional analysis showed that most respondents were full time faculty (88.1%); taught full time at public institutions (52.8%); were tenured or tenure-track (55.5%); had no administrative duties (70.5%); with a rank of instructor or lecturer (17.5%), or assistant professor (45.7%). Time in academia ranged from 1-40 years, with a mean of 11.27 years, median of 9.25 years, and mode of 4 years. Attitudes toward, and support for, the continuation of tenure and for selected proposed alternatives to tenure were analyzed according to the following: faculty rank, administrative status, and tenure status. Respondents held generally favorable attitudes toward tenure as measured by Scales 1 and 2 of the TASI, and the best predictors of faculty attitude toward tenure were tenure status and rank. Due to low reliability scores on Scales 3 and 4, no conclusions can be drawn regarding respondents' attitudes toward alternatives to tenure.

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Robinson, Janet L. "Imposterized| The Experiences of Tenured and Tenure-track Black Women Instructional Faculty at California Community Colleges". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10825030.

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The increased diversity of students at community colleges makes support and retention of Black women instructional faculty critical. Black women instructional faculty may feel like imposters, receiving messages of inadequacy, despite their achievements. If so, such feelings may impede their ability to serve students and to thrive more generally in their roles. Until now, the question of whether or how Black women faculty working in community colleges experience the imposter phenomenon had not been asked.

Through 23 in-depth, one-on-one interviews, this qualitative study explored and assessed the presence of and success strategies utilized to counter the imposter phenomenon or other challenges experienced by tenured and tenure-track Black women instructional faculty members employed at California community colleges. Findings revealed contentment and job satisfaction. While participants were familiar with and had experienced the imposter phenomenon, there was a general absence of the phenomenon in their current roles due to positive on-campus relationships with colleagues and students. Microaggressions from colleagues and students related to appearance were reported, but these challenges were mitigated through established mentors and allies and a strong sense of cultural and personal identity. Established expertise and participation in professional development were also strategies that helped participants to navigate, persist, and thrive in their work environments.

Recommendations for policy include increased state funding for community college faculty members to participate in off-campus professional development training. Practice recommendations include interpersonal skills training for new department chairs and best-practice discussions among continuing department chairs throughout the year. Recommendations for future research include replicating the study in other states and among adjunct faculty in California.

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Qian, Zhengzheng. "Why Tenure? An Optimal Contract Perspective". FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3214.

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In academia, after a reasonable probationary period of service and upon the achievement of tenure, the recipients of tenure are entitled to a continuing appointment at an institution without mandatory retirement and with only limited grounds for revocation. Advocates of tenure argued that it protected academic freedom through economic security. Opponents of tenure argued that it fostered inefficient and unproductive behavior. This dissertation developed a framework for examining academic tenure in U.S. economics departments. I constructed a dataset of tenured U.S. economics professors who were Ph.D. recipients between 1990 and 2006 and tracked their publications. In the first chapter, based on difference-in-difference analysis I found that tenure has a direct effect on the choice of research direction/focus. In general, tenured groups had a higher degree of specialization than non-tenured groups after they received tenure. For some tenured groups, even if their extent of specialization decreased after tenure, when I controlled for unobserved heterogeneity, tenure still had a positive effect on extent of specialization. This result suggested that the job security provided by tenure made tenured faculty more narrowly focused on their research. Using path analysis in the second chapter, my finding suggested that the extent of specialization was one of the key factors which might influence a scholar’s productivity. In addition, the extent of specialization helped explain gender differences in academic productivity. The results revealed that the effect of gender on productivity through the degree of specialization was more notable among older generations, and in most fields, gender differences in extent of research specialization mediated gender difference in research performance; although there were some fields in which gender difference in the research process could not explain gender difference in research performance. The third chapter expanded our understanding of advancement in academics by exploring a new dimension of inquiry: whether the extent of specialization in scholars’ research programs improved promotion prospects. Using discrete event analysis, my research showed that the extent of research specialization contributed to career acceleration, although gender difference on the prospects of advancement in academics was not significant.

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To, Siu-Ki. "An International comparison of tenure choices". Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2004. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37933231.

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Gashu, Adam Achamyeleh. "Peri-Urban Land Tenure in Ethiopia". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fastighetsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158050.

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Urban areas in Ethiopia have been growing very quickly in recent decades, which haveled to ever increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagriculturalactivities. This has had several transformative impacts on the transitionalperi-urban, areas including engulfment of local communities and conversion of landrights and use from an agricultural to a built-up property rights system. Peri-urban areasalso display all forms of competition for land among people of diverse backgrounds.Research on the challenges of urbanization in peri-urban land tenure system and theongoing changes in Ethiopia is limited, and the situations and actors interested in periurbanland are constantly changing. Therefore, the purpose of this research is toinvestigate the challenges imposed on peri-urban land rights as a result of the growingdemand for land for urbanization. The project also encompasses an attempt to discoverthe process of informal transaction and development of peri-urban land and the principalactors involved. The study comprises a summary essay and four articles which were conducted using casestudy and desk review research approaches. Following the case study tradition, acombination of different data collection instruments such as questionnaires, FGDs, keyinformant interviews (both structured and open-ended) and direct field observations wasemployed to collect research data from the case study areas. Bahir Dar CityAdministration was selected purposively as case study area at the first stage and two periurbanvillages, Weramit and Zenzelima, were selected from Bahir Dar CityAdministration at the second stage of the case study area selection process. The research has revealed that urbanization and urban development in Ethiopia areaccompanied by contentious land tenure changes which favor the urbanities above localperi-urban communities. As a result, urbanization has precipitated a wave ofdispossession and proliferation of informal settlements in peri-urban areas. Thus,addressing the challenges of urbanization and its effect on the land rights of local periurbancommunities requires the introduction of an inclusive and participatory landdevelopment tool like land readjustment, which can encourage voluntary contribution ofland for urbanization by the local peri-urban landholders themselves.

QC 20150114

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Maass, Sue-Mari. "Tenure security in urban rental housing". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5405.

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Thesis (LLD (Public Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
Bibliography
ABSTRACT ENGLISH: The dissertation considers the tenure rights of urban residential tenants in the post-1994 constitutional dispensation. The 1996 Constitution mandates tenure reform in two instances. Firstly, section 25(6) (read with section 25(9)) mandates the legislature to enact legislation that would provide legally secure tenure rights for a person or community whose tenure of land is insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices. This form of tenure reform is race-based. Secondly, section 26(3) mandates the courts to consider all relevant circumstances during eviction proceedings. In terms of this provision the court can refuse to grant the eviction order on the basis of the occupier's socio-economic weakness, which is a more general form of class-related tenure reform. The Constitution also ensures the right to have access to adequate housing, while the legislature must introduce measures that would give effect to this right (sections 26(1) and 26(2)). To determine whether the current landlord-tenant regime in South Africa is able to provide tenants with secure occupation rights and access to rental housing, it is compared to landlord-tenant regimes in pre-1994 South Africa, the United Kingdom, New York State and Germany. The landlord-tenant regimes are considered in light of changing socio-economic circumstances where the state had to assist households during housing shortages. The dissertation assesses the efficiency of landlord-tenant law, combined with regulatory measures that ensure substantive tenure rights and rent restrictions, as a form of tenure that could help alleviate housing shortages and initiate a new landlord-tenant regime for South Africa that would give effect to the Constitution. The dissertation concludes that the current substantive tenure rights of urban residential tenants are largely based on the common law, which is associated with weak tenure security. The landlord-tenant laws, namely the Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999 and the Social Housing Act 16 of 2008, fail to provide urban residential tenants with substantive tenure rights. The legislature has failed to enact a law that gives effect to section 25(6) in the landlord-tenant framework. The legislature did enact the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998 (PIE) in order to give effect to section 26(3). Recently the courts interpreted PIE to provide marginalized tenants with substantive tenure protection during eviction proceedings. However, to give effect to section 25(6) legislation should grant residential tenants substantive tenure rights that are legally secure prior to eviction. The legislature enacted the Rental Housing Act and the Social Housing Act to give effect to the right to housing (section 26 of the Constitution) in the landlord-tenant framework. These laws fail to promote access to rental housing as a form of tenure that could help alleviate housing shortages.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die proefskrif oorweeg die okkupasieregte van stedelike residensiële huurders in die post-1994 konstitusionele bedeling. Die 1996 Grondwet bepaal dat okkupasieregte in twee gevalle hervorm moet word. Eerstens gee artikel 25(6) (gelees met artikel 25(9)) opdrag aan die wetgewer om wetgewing te verorden wat okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid aan 'n person of gemeenskap sal verleen indien so 'n person of gemeenskap tans grond okkupeer met okkupasieregte wat onseker is as gevolg van vorige rasgebaseerde wetgewing. Hierdie tipe hervorming is rasgebaseer. Tweedens gee artikel 26(3) opdrag aan die howe om alle relevante faktore te oorweeg as deel van enige uitsettingsprosedure. In terme van hierdie bepaling is die howe gemagtig om 'n uitsettingsbevel te weier op die basis van die okkupeerder se sosio-ekonomiese kwesbaarheid. Hierdie tipe hervorming is 'n meer algemene klasgebaseerde hervorming. Artikel 26(1) (gelees met artikel 26(2)) van die Grondwet bepaal dat elkeen die reg op toegang tot geskikte behuising het, terwyl die staat redelike wetgewende en ander maatreëls moet tref om hierdie reg te verwesenlik. Ten einde te bepaal of die huidige huurbehuisingstelsel in Suid-Afrika voldoende is, met inagneming van die stelsel se vermoë om huurders te voorsien van okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid en van toegang tot huurbehuising, word dit vergelyk met die huurbehuisingstelsels in Suid Afrika voor 1994, die Verenigde Koninkryk, New York Staat en Duitsland. Hierdie huurbehuisingstelsels word bespreek met inagneming van veranderinge in die sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede waartydens die staat gedurende behuisingstekorte huishoudings moes ondersteun. Die doeltreffendheid van huurbehuising word beoordeel met verwysing na regulasies wat substantiewe okkupasieregte verseker en beperkings plaas op huurpryse om 'n vorm van verblyfreg daar te stel wat die behuisingstekort kan verminder ten einde 'n nuwe huurbehuisingstelsel vir Suid-Afrika te inisieër wat gevolg aan die Grondwet sal gee. Die proefskrif lei tot die gevolgtrekking dat die huidige substantiewe okkupasieregte van stedelike residensiële huurders grotendeels op die gemenereg gebaseer is. Die gemenereg maak nie voorsiening vir sterk substantiewe okkupasieregte nie. Die huidige huurbehuisingswetgewing, naamlik die Wet op Huurbehuising 50 van 1999 en die Wet op Maatskaplike Behuising 16 van 2008, slaag nie daarin om substantiewe okkupasieregte vir stedelike residensiële huurders te voorsien nie. Die wetgewer het nie daarin geslaag om 'n wet te promulgeer wat in die huurbehuisingsraamwerk aan artikel 25(6) effek gee nie. Die wetgewer het wel die Wet op die Voorkoming van Onwettige Uitsetting en Onregmatige Besetting van Grond 19 van 1998 verorden om effek te gee aan artikel 26(3) van die Grondwet. Hierdie Wet is onlangs so deur die howe geïnterpreteer dat dit kwesbare huurders tydens uitsettingsprosedures met substantiewe okkupasieregte beskerm. Om aan artikel 25(6) te voldoen moet wetgewing egter substantiewe okkupasieregte met verblyfsekerheid aan residensiële huurders verskaf voordat hulle uitgesit word. Die wetgewer het die Wet op Huurbehuising en die Wet op Maatskaplike Behuising verorden ten einde effek aan die reg op behuising (artikel 26 van die Grondwet) in die gebied van huurbehuising te gee. Geeneen van hierdie wette slaag daarin om toegang tot behuising, en veral huurbehuising as 'n vorm van okkupasie, te bevorder ten einde die behuisingtekort te verminder nie.

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Dhliwayo, Priviledge. "Tenure security in relation to farmland". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71956.

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Thesis (LLM)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Section 25(6) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 guarantees legally secure tenure to persons whose tenure of land is insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws and practices. The Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997 (ESTA) and the Land Reform (Labour Tenants) Act 3 of 1996 (LTA) were enacted to give effect to section 25(6), read with section 25(9) of the Constitution, with the aim to improve and strengthen tenure security in rural areas, including farmland. However, the general opinion amongst scholars is that these efforts to strengthen tenure security have generally failed to ensure legally secure tenure on farmland. To this effect, the Draft tenure security policy and Draft Land Tenure Security Bill (2010) were formulated to introduce new measures to improve tenure security on farmland. This gives a clear indication that eighteen years after the government embarked on an all-encompassing land reform programme, its intended goals have not yet been achieved, resulting in the continued challenges faced by farm dwellers. The thesis discusses the inherent challenges associated with tenure security on white-owned commercial farmland, with specific reference to government‟s obligation to improve tenure security; the nature of farm dwellers‟ rights; and the shortcomings of the existing policy and legislative measures. A historical overview explains the effects of the apartheid land holding system that underpins the need for tenure reform, while an analysis of constitutional and international law sets out the guiding principles on tenure security. An analysis of the applicable policy and legislative measures establishes the causes of continued tenure insecurity on farmland, which include shortcomings in the main legislative measures; failure by the legislature to translate policy into legislation; misinterpretation and misapplication of legislation by the courts; and lack of effective implementation. The thesis considers the impact of the Draft tenure security policy and the Bill in light of the challenges facing farm dwellers and concludes that tenure security in relation to farmland remains insecure and government still falls short of the appropriate solutions to address the tenure security challenges on farmland.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Artikel 25(6) van die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika 1996 waarborg sekerheid van verblyfregte vir persone wie se verblyfregte regsonseker is as gevolg van ras-diskriminerende wette en praktyke van die verlede. Die Wet op die Uitbreiding van Sekerheid van Verblyfreg 62 van 1997 (ESTA) en die Wet op Grondhervorming (Huurarbeiders) 3 van 1996 (LTA) is gepromulgeer om gevolg te gee aan artikel 25(6), saamgelees met artikel 25(9), van die Grondwet, wat daarop gemik is om die sekerheid van verblyfregte in landelike gebiede te verbeter en te versterk. Die algemene siening onder geleerdes is egter dat hierdie pogings om sekerheid van bestaande verblyfregte te versterk oor die algemeen ten opsigte van verblyfregte op landbougrond gefaal het. In verband hiermee is die Konsep beleid op sekerheid van verblyfregte (Draft tenure security policy) en die Konsep Wetsontwerp op die Sekerheid van Verblyfregte in Grond (Draft Land Tenure Security Bill) (2010) geformuleer om nuwe maatreëls voor te stel om sekerheid van verblyfregte ten opsigte van landbougrond te bewerkstellig. Hierdie ontwikkelings gee ‟n aanduiding dat die staat ná ‟n omvattende grondhervormingsprogram van agtien jaar nie die beoogde doelwitte bereik het nie en dat plaasbewoners steeds uitdagings in die gesig staar. Hierdie tesis bespreek die inherente uitdagings wat geassosioseer word met regsonsekere verblyfregte ten opsigte van kommersiële landbougrond, hoofsaaklik van wit grondeienaars, met spesifieke verwysing na die staat se plig om regsekerheid te versterk; die aard van plaasbewoners se regte; en die tekortkominge van die bestaande beleids- en wetgewende maatreëls. Die behoefte aan hervorming word beklemtoon met verwysing na ‟n historiese oorsig wat die uitwerking van die apartheid-grondbeheerstelsel verduidelik, terwyl ‟n analise van grondwetlike en internasionale reg die beginsels met betrekking tot die sekerheid van verblyfregte uiteensit. ‟n Analise van die toepaslike beleids- en wetgewende maatreëls dui op die oorsake van voortdurende onsekerheid van verblyfregte in landbougrond, wat die volgende insluit: tekortkominge in die primêre wetgewende maatreëls; versuim deur die wetgewer om beleid in wetgewing om te skakel; foutiewe uitleg of toepassing van wetgewing deur die howe; en ‟n gebrek aan die effektiewe uitvoering van wetgewing. Die tesis oorweeg die impak van die Konsep beleid op sekerheid van verblyfregte (Draft tenure security policy) en die Konsep Wetsontwerp in die lig van die uitdagings waarmee plaasbewoners steeds te kampe het, en kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat verblyfregte ten opsigte van landbougrond steeds regsonseker is en dat die staat steeds versuim om geskikte oplossings vir die uitdagings daar te stel.

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Newell, Michael B. "Factors affecting superintendent tenure in Missouri /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841356.

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Prinz, Joachim. "Why are wages upward sloping with tenure? /". München [u.a.] : Hampp, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/389990906.pdf.

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Reidy, Mairead. "Inequalities in housing tenure attainment in Britain". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240345.

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Liang, Jiancong, i 梁健聰. "Factors affecting tenure choice in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206723.

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Scott, Philippa. "Unbundling tenure issues for urban sanitation development". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8493.

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Urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa is characterised by a proliferation of informal settlements which all too often embody poverty; low access to basic services and lack secure tenure. The reality of sanitation infrastructure in low and middle income cities is a spectrum of sanitation systems ranging from conventional utility managed systems to basic household facilities. Population growth has outpaced urban planning and provision and, given projected urbanisation trends, a prevalence of non-piped self-build sanitation systems is the most likely scenario for urban sanitation in the developing world, at least for the immediate to mid-term. This presents different governance challenges especially as informal occupations are often on unsuitable land which exacerbates the difficulties in service provision. Sanitation, tenure and development are inextricably linked, not only with respect to these challenges of urbanisation, but also under the strategic objectives of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Together sanitation and tenure security are primary indicators of the MDG7, targets ten (access to improved sanitation) and eleven (improving the lives of slum dwellers). The link between sanitation and tenure is the focus of this research. Both tenure and sanitation are fragmented into their component parts to understand exactly how and where they interact. Tenure is defined in terms of formal land tenure; tenure status (to differentiate between landlord and tenant) and tenure security. Sanitation issues are investigated with respect to access, household investment and emptying behaviours. The research framework combines the concept of decision making domains to describe the urban context with a city-wide systems view of sanitation, where both formal and informal institutional arrangements are considered. This research concludes on five main points: firstly, tenure security is a necessary precondition for household investment but, given that urban sanitation development and provision happen largely under the radar of formal city planning and urban management, it is de facto rather than de jure tenure rights that provide the security for household investment in sanitation. The second finding is that few urban sanitation strategies cater for those who are unwilling or unable to invest. This is a fundamental oversight in current urban sanitation strategies of the population segments who cannot invest, thus failing to provide a sanitation strategy for all. This is of growing concern given the type of urbanisation being witnessed in developing countries characterised by increasing concentrations low income populations and tenants. The third finding is that those who are unwilling to invest may be willing to pay (and do) for sanitation services. This places a greater emphasis on downstream and operational sanitation activities (i.e. tenure neutral options). The fourth finding is that there are multiple service providers and majority of urban sanitation transactions take place outside the formal service provision. Giving meaning to these informal transactions is likely to offer insight into improved governance for urban sanitation. The final point is that there is a need to widen the scope of formal sanitation service provision to include tenure neutral sanitation options to reach the needs of tenants and those living with poor tenure security. xiii Practically, this means that by taking a city-wide approach supported by the sanitation cityscape tool which is presented in the thesis one can identify which element(s) of the sanitation system are most appropriate to target given the tenure situation. Without this consideration, urban sanitation interventions are likely to be targeted inappropriately. These conclusions are based upon primary data collected from a household survey (n=363) and a series of key informant interviews collected during 2008 in Greater Dakar, Senegal.

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Bishop, Jennifer M. "Agricultural land tenure : environmental principles and practice". Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249885.

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Banim, Maura. "Occupying houses : the social relations of tenure". Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7095/.

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With the shifts in housing tenure patterns in post-war Britain being so decisive and apparently relentless, one of the main issues that concerns those involved with housing is that of the impact of mass home-ownership - especially on those groups new to the tenure. These concerns range from the possible effect of new home-owner ship on voting patterns and political allegiances; to the financial hardship that seems to be increasingly falling on low income owner occupiers; and to the domestic and familial changes entailed by two-income mortgages. It is towards assessing the impact of these changes more fully, that this thesis is aimed. In order to better understand the origins and effects of tenure shifts, two main points are made. Firstly, that the occupation of houses (of whatever tenure) is an issue that involves practically everyone in society, either as individual tenants/owners/homeless persons, or as groups of ratepayers/voters/neighbourhoods or as business/financial/political interests, or as any combination of these. Secondly, it is emphasised that the terms and conditions of the various tenures have been created and have been altered and adapted over time, and that the definition and meaning of the tenures is as crucial to the housing debate as the well-recognised tenure trends. Consequently, it is argued that the changing patterns and definitions of tenures have a crucial and far-reaching effect on wider social relations in society whilst, at the same time, these changes originate from and in part reflect, already occurring events in civil society.

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Roache, Roberta Savone. "Missouri Public School Teachers' Perception of Tenure". Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3728019.

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In the state of Missouri, 550 public school superintendents were selected to have their district teachers participate in a study to provide information regarding the perception of teacher tenure. Approximately 64,000 PreK-12 public school teachers in Missouri were sent an 18 question online survey designed by the researcher to assess Missouri public school teachers’ perception of teacher tenure. A sample of 497 Missouri teachers participated in this study. Sub-questions of the purpose of the research study were adapted from Kersten (2006): (1) When teachers achieve tenure, are they more effective and highly qualified? (2) If teacher tenure was eliminated, would student achievement increase? (3) Does the teacher tenure law in Missouri protect good teachers from arbitrary dismissal? and (4) Do teachers have knowledge of the proposed revised tenure law in Missouri? The respondents were prompted to identify gender, years in current position, education level, description of grade levels in school building, and school district’s region. The research study findings produced several conclusions which included the following: (1) Teacher tenure in Missouri does not determine if teachers are effective and highly qualified; (2) Abolishing tenure or changing the current tenure law will not improve student achievement; (3) Tenure is perceived to protect competent teachers from arbitrary dismissal; however, incompetent or ineffective teachers are seldom dismissed; and (4) Many teachers have knowledge of the proposed revised teacher tenure law in Missouri, and they learned of the upcoming legislation from professional teaching organizations.

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Bergqvist, Joel, i Adam Karlsson. "Revisionskvalitet : Hur påverkar audit-firm tenure revisionskvaliteten?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355657.

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Studien motiveras av införandet av obligatorisk byrårotation i Sverige genom EU:s revisionspaket. Studien undersöker sambandet mellan audit-firm tenure (längden på en revisionsbyrås uppdrag hos ett företag) och revisionskvalitet. Som proxy för revisionskvalitet används mått på absoluta diskreta periodiseringar. För att genomföra studien görs en regressionsanalys och ett korrelationstest. Urvalet baseras på svenska företag noterade på Nasdaq Stockholm Large- och Mid Cap och det slutliga antalet företagsår som studeras är 383 stycken. I kontrast till stor del av tidigare studier finner denna studie att revisionskvaliteten är högre vid kort audit-firm tenure, tre år eller kortare, jämfört med lång audit-firm tenure, fyra år eller längre. Resultatet kan säkerställas på en signifikansnivå på 10 %. Studien bidrar med underlag till debatten om obligatorisk byrårotation.

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Stoyko, N. "Aspects of rationalizing of agricultural land tenure". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11878.

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Lungu, John. "Land tenure and agricultural development in Zambia". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU072315.

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Zambia has since independence experienced a decline in per-capita food production. Among the assumed causes of this decline are land tenure relations. This thesis has discussed the relationship between land tenure systems and agricultural development. It has considered the effects of this relationship on productivity, investment and employment generation. It demonstrates that the prevalence of traditional land tenure systems in the rural areas is inconsistent with the rule structures of modern institutions providing credit, marketing, input supply and extension. The thesis however, recognizes that a reform of these land tenure institutions is not a panacea to agricultural productivity unless accompanied by the provision of agricultural services. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part sets out the philosophy of the research, the theoretical framework and provides background and illustrative information on the relationship between land tenure reform and agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. This part also sets out the historical, economic and political context to land tenure reform in Zambia both in the colonial and post-colonial periods. The second part discusses the case study of Petauke District. In this exposition, the effects of tenure on agricultural productivity, investment and employment creation are examined by analyzing primary data concerning access to credit, marketing, input supply and extension services. In organising chapters 4 to 8 concerning sub-Saharan Africa, Zambia and the case study of Petauke district, the thesis utilized the structure and agency philosophical framework. The explanation of the relationship between land tenure and agricultural development however, employed institutional models developed by both economists and planners.

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Davies, Steven. "The political economy of land tenure in Ethiopia /". St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/580.

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Krajisnik, Mladen. "Assessment of Strategies for Secure Tenure, Tenure Policy and Housing: As Means of Advocating Sustainable Development in Developing Nations". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160437.

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The study is shortly presenting the urbanization-saga and the human settlement progression. It then proceeds to identify different types of tenure and the pertained definitions as such. The thesis will review and assess the strategies for Secure Tenure provided by UN-Habitat on an international and national level, as well as analyze the implementation tools brought forward. Diverse tenure policies and tools will be evaluated with an anchoring in the case study of Malawi and its National Land Policy and the implementation of the same.

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31

Frimpong-Manso, Yaw. "Land-tenure in the Hebrew Bible in relation to the land-tenure system of the Akan (Asante) of Ghana". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310633.

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This study investigates the ideas and conceptions underlying the religious, political and socio-economic principles governing landholding in the Hebrew Bible in relation to the system of land-tenure among the Akan people of Ghana. The Asante as a social unit is used to represent the entire Akan group as a microcosm of the world picture. The primary thrust of the thesis is that the Hebrew Bible reflects some basic conceptions of land which can be compared and contrasted with a contemporary socio-economic system of land administration for implications of land-tenure and use. The Hebrew Bible presents three main types of land ownership: 1) divine ownership of land, a basic theological assertion that land belongs to Yahweh absolutely and that all others, including Israel are God's tenants; 2) communal ownership of land based on the segmentary patrilineage system whereby the tribes and families hold land in trust for members of the community; 3) private ownership of land, an innovation developed as a result of social change. The Asante traditional belief also accepts the principle of divine ownership of land, but while it attributes creation to God, it also affirms that land basically belongs to the ancestors who pass it on to the present and future generations of the society. The other two types of land-tenure, communal and private, are represented in the Asante social system, though with some differences. Stool, lineage and family heads hold land in trust, but on fiduciary basis in the sense of holding both a proprietary and beneficiary interest in the land of which they are custodians. But the corporate matrilineage group is the basic socio-economic factor as far as traditional landholding in Asante is concerned.

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Nhiwatiwa, Eben Kanukayi Reitan E. A. "Land policy in Zimbabwe and the African response from 1930 to independence, with an educational component". Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1988. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8818719.

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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1988.
Title from title page screen, viewed September 12, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Earl A. Reitan (chair), William W. Haddad, Gerlof D. Homan, Lawrence W. McBride, Richard J. Payne. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-172) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Carr, Amanda R. "Stress Levels in Tenure-Track and Recently Tenured Faculty Members in Selected Institutions of Higher Education in Northeast Tennessee". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2329.

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The purpose of this quantitative study was to compare the stress, strain, and coping levels between pretenured faculty and recently tenured faculty in institutions of higher education in Northeast Tennessee. Aging faculty population combined with talented people leaving the area is common in rural parts of the United States. There is a need to better understand the occupational factors within the faculty roles in order to better recruit and retain faculty in this region. Four different institutions of higher education in Northeast Tennessee, producing 92 responses, participated in this study. The Occupational Stress Inventory – Revised (Osipow, 1998) was used to measure occupational stress, psychological strain, and coping resources. With regards to one Strain (PSQ) variable, Physical Strain (PHS), those up for tenure in 2016 had a significantly higher mean of Physical Strain than those tenured in 2011. This implies that those up for tenure in 2016 may report more frequent worries about their health and physical symptoms. The data also indicated that there was significance in the Recreation scores of those who were tenured and the Recreation scores of those who have not yet received tenure. In regards to one Coping (PRQ) variable, Recreation (RE), those up for tenure in 2016 had a significantly lower mean than those tenured in 2011. This implies that those tenured in 2011 take more advantage of recreational or leisure time. The data indicated that there was a significant difference in Strain (PSQ) levels according to age groups. The data also indicated that there was a significant difference between Coping (PRQ) levels according to age group. Post Hoc tests were not performed as at least 1 age group had fewer than 2 cases. The variables with the highest means were components of the Stress (ORQ) scale. Role Overload (RO) had the highest mean of 31.92. Those scoring high on this scale may describe their work load as increasing or unsupported by needed resources. Responsibility (R) had the next highest with 26.26. Those scoring high in this area may report high levels of responsibility for subordinates. Interpersonal Strain (IS), a component of the Strain (PSQ) scale, had a mean of 20.92. High scorers may report quarrels or excessive dependency on loved ones. .

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Patel, Kamna. "Tenure and vulnerability : the effects of changes to tenure security on the identity and social relationships of the urban poor". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3267/.

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Directed by the Millennium Development Goal to improve the lives of at least 100 million ‘slum’ dwellers by 2020, national governments and development agencies are driving policy to upgrade and formalise informal settlements. This study is an investigation into the effects of in situ upgrade and formalisation on the vulnerability and resilience of the urban poor in Durban, South Africa. The study examines the relationships between tenure and vulnerability by identifying and exploring how changes to tenure security, introduced through the upgrade process, affect individuals’ exposure to risk and ability to cope, and the ways in which identity and social relations influence those effects. The data are drawn from twenty-four ethnographies of residents living in three low income settlements in/around Durban each at different stages in the upgrade process. The findings of the study show that many residents are better off following an upgrade – ownership claims are better protected, they are more comfortable in their homes and able to improve livelihoods. However, these security and resilience gains are undermined by the high levels of crime and violence that continue post-upgrade and affect the desirability of a location and the ability of people to live there. Furthermore, the manner in which the process is implemented reconfigures local power relations, without meaningfully altering them; thus continuing to tie residents’ wellbeing to social rules administered by informal institutions. These findings challenge conceptualisations of ‘tenure security’ and the conventional orthodoxy of upgrading.

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Mkhize, Naledi Nomalanga. "Private game farms and the tenure security of workers and dwellers in Cradock - implications for tenure reform in South Africa". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11169.

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Includes bibliographical references.
This study situates itself within the broader field of agrarian and land reform scholarship. It investigates the consequences that farm conversions to game farming have had for the tenure security of farm workers and -dwellers in Cradock, Eastern Cape. At the heart of the thesis is the extreme land question of the semi-arid areas. At the empirical level, the thesis situates the Cradock farm conversion trend within the land conquest and labour histories of the semi-arid areas. It argues that land and labour histories of different regions will inform the manner in which farm workers and -dwellers are affected by, and respond to, farm conversions. The thesis contends that in context of an extreme land question in the semi-arid areas that renders farm workers and -dwellers structurally tenure insecure, game farms cannot be 'blamed' for associated displacements. Indeed, it suggests that the link between game farms and tenure insecurity should be seen as correlative rather than casual.

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Alkan, Leyla. "Tenure Choice And Demand For Homeownership In Ankara". Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613879/index.pdf.

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Housing is a basic requirement for all individuals in every country. Being one of the main tools of urban planning, housing contains different social, economic, psychological, and design aspects, and it attracts attention of different disciplines. A review of the theoretical models, data, and empirical methods reveals deficiencies in all areas of housing sector in Turkey. Especially, there is an important gap in the literature about housing tenure choice. A new research agenda focusing on households&rsquo
tenure choice is needed with the help of models to be developed for this purpose. In this thesis, it is aimed to identify this model by focusing transition from tenancy to homeownership, and by choosing Ankara as the case study. The thesis has two main steps. In the first step, different economic ways of shifting from tenancy to homeownership is examined by using the data of Household Budget Survey (2003) from Turkish Statistical Institute. In the second step, the thesis examines effects of different socio-economic factors on the probability of shifting from tenancy to homeownership, and the way in which the impact of these drives might change with different forms of housing provision with the help of a survey carried out in Yenimahalle and Ç
ankaya. Results of calculations show that housing credits do not offer new homeownership opportunity for households who are not able to purchase a dwelling by saving their incomes in Turkey. The first step illustrates that, households earning less than 1 000 TL per month have no chance to afford a dwelling in Ankara. However next step highlights an irregular mechanism which enables these households to shift to homeownership in Turkey.

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Sapeg, Raquel. "Exclusion in Academia| Latina Faculty Struggle Towards Tenure". Thesis, St. Thomas University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622753.

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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the lived experiences of underrepresented tenured Latina faculty in one four-year university in the southeast area of the United States to identify barriers towards achieving tenure. Eight tenured Latina faculty with experience of 7 to 20 or more years in a tenured position provided their perceptions and experiences of the challenges and support they encountered in their pursuit of tenure. A snowball sampling technique produced eight participants from an initial recruitment from an online search. Semi-structured interviews via in-person and audio-video conferences offered rich descriptions of the Latina faculty’s experiences for coding and analysis. The NVivo for Mac software supported the coding and analysis process of the participant’s responses. Five main themes emerged from the patterns found in the analysis. The five findings included: organizational exclusionary practices against Latina faculty at the university; white male-oriented culture where resources are used to benefit white males; demoralizing micro-aggressions towards Latina faculty from white faculty; the university leadership’s lack of action and accountability to address diversity and inclusion challenges; and the lack of support networks and mentoring to help guide Latina faculty. These findings described an exclusionary academic environment, where the Latina faculty often felt insulted, isolated, and underappreciated with little to no opportunity to advance or contribute equally to the university. This study contributed to the literature by addressing various reasons higher educational institutions need to actively remove barriers that negatively affect Latina faculty seeking tenure.

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Alemu, Tekie. "Land tenure and soil conservation : evidence from Ethiopia /". Göteborg, 1999. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy041/00309493.html.

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Davies, Steven J. "The political economy of land tenure in Ethiopia". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/580.

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In surveying the literature on land tenure reform in Africa, what can readily be observed is that much of that body of work has comprised a markedly econometric and technical focus, to the neglect of evidently contiguous political factors. As a result, fundamental structural impediments to reform efforts have largely been ignored - a fact that may be reflected in the failure of many titling interventions. In light of this omission, the nature of political economy in both Ethiopia and Africa more generally is delineated in this thesis, in order to construct a more rounded conceptual framework through which the issue of land tenure can be deciphered. In so doing, the model of the ‘neopatrimonial’/anti-developmental state is utilised as a benchmark against which twentieth century Ethiopian regimes, and in particular the incumbent EPRDF Government, are assessed. Considerable evidence is uncovered to support the view that, despite its unique historical experience of independence, contemporary Ethiopia nevertheless fits with many key aspects of the neopatrimonial model – most notably in the Government’s pursuit of political survival and revenue to the neglect of long-term sustainable development. It is therefore argued that political imperatives have undermined the establishment of a progressive economic agenda in the country, and the ways in which this has affected land tenure are delineated. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the contemporary debate on tenure reform in Ethiopia has taken a form that is somewhat myopic and circuitous, possibly in an attempt to circumvent discussion of controversial political issues. It is argued that this apolitical stance has undermined not only the debate itself, but also the practical intervention strategies that have emerged from it, such as the recent land titling and administration project in Ethiopia. It is therefore concluded that the only means of escape from this theoretical and practical impasse is to reintegrate politics into the analysis.

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Wadsworth, Geoffrey James. "'Tyneside flats' : a paradigm tenure for interconnected dwellings". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1096.

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'Tyneside Flats' are typically terraced buildings comprising pairs of self-contained flats and are particularly prevalent on Tyneside in north eastern England. This thesis examines the land tenure arrangements used for individual Tyneside Flats and the enforcement of land obligations between flat owners. This provides an interesting model for tenurial arrangements across England and Wales where there are interconnected buildings and other small blocks of self contained flats. The thesis includes an analysis of qualitative and quantitative research data obtained from north eastern conveyancers. The first introductory chapter explains the background to the research project and the research objectives. It also contains the research questions and an overview of the literature and methodology used. Chapter two puts Tyneside Flats in their historical context and describes their architectural features. The judicial development of the law of positive freehold obligations from the nineteenth century onwards is analysed in chapter three. Past and present law reform proposals and the 2002 commonhold legislation are assessed in chapter four. In the 1980s a mixed freehold/leasehold arrangement for Tyneside Flat transfer was promulgated by Newcastle Law Society. This standard structure and other alternative freehold conveyancing devices are considered in chapter five. Chapter six contains a detailed and technical analysis of the impact of modern leasehold legislation on the standard form arrangement. The methodology used for data collection is described in chapter seven. Chapter eight examines how the standard Tyneside Flat documentation works in practice. This key chapter analyses qualitative and quantitative research data in detail. The final concluding chapter contains an overview of the research questions and results. It includes recommendations for legislative reform and the future prospects for the standard form arrangement and a freehold land obligation alternative.

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Lam, Yin-ping Phoenix, i 林燕萍. "An analysis of tenure trend in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259728.

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Chiari, Gian Paolo. "Land tenure and livelihood security in Tigray, Ethiopia". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289234.

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Steffens, Niklas K., Meir Shemla, Jürgen Wegge i Stefan Diestel. "Organizational Tenure and Employee Performance: A Multilevel Analysis". Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35549.

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Previous research has investigated the relationship between organizational tenure and performance by focusing primarily on organizational tenure of the individual employee. We propose that this approach is limited because organizational tenure should be conceptualized as relating to multiple entities including teams and their leaders. As predicted, analysis of two objective performance indicators of 1,753 employees working with 250 leaders of natural work teams in a financial services company revealed that, beyond employee organizational tenure, team leader organizational tenure and team organizational tenure diversity had positive incremental effects on employee performance. Moreover, the positive impact of employee organizational tenure was less pronounced in teams with high rather than low tenure diversity. Our findings suggest that organizations’ capacity to promote performance will be limited if they focus on organizational tenure of an individual, while neglecting the ways in which performance is shaped by organizational tenure related to multiple entities within a team.

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Coggi, Patrick. "Optimal portfolio choice with housing and tenure decisions /". Table on contents, 2009. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00231719.pdf.

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Lam, Yin-ping. "An analysis of tenure trend in Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906353.

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Halatuituia, Sione Nailasikau Kitefakalau. "Tonga's contemporary land tenure system : reality and rhetoric". Phd thesis, School of Geosciences, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8204.

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Fonmanu, Keresi Rokomasi. "Dispute resolution for customary lands in Fiji /". Connect to thesis, 1999. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001051.

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Bouvier, Dianne L. "The Situational Context of Tenured Female Faculty in the Academy and the Impact of Critical Mass of Tenured Female Faculty on Pre-tenure Faculty Job Satisfaction: A Four Discipline Study". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1368055373.

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Morris, Jason C. "The groma and the gladius : Roman surveyors in the later Republic : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Classics /". ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1318.

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Bohall, Steven T. "Academic freedom and tenure in a church-related university". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3189146.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Indiana University, 2005.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-09, Section: A, page: 3226. Chair: Edward P. St. John. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 10, 2006).

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