Artykuły w czasopismach: „Temporal lobes”

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Franzon, Renata C., i Marilisa M. Guerreiro. "Temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood: review article". Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology 12, nr 1 suppl 1 (marzec 2006): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-26492006000200006.

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INTRODUCTION: The authors present a review article on temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood. METHODS: We performed a search in the literature. RESULTS: The main etiologies of temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood are developmental tumors and focal cortical displasia, besides temporal medial sclerosis. The clinical features may be variable particularly in children younger than six years of age. Epilepsy may present with generalized seizures. Electroencephalographic findings are also variable and show a functional dysfunction of several brain areas besides temporal lobes, especially frontal lobes. CONCLUSION: Recent advances demonstrate that temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood present with great etiologic, clinical and electroencephalographic diversity.

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Makarec, K., i M. A. Persinger. "Electroencephalographic Correlates of Temporal Lobe Signs and Imaginings". Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, nr 3_suppl (czerwiec 1987): 1124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.3c.1124.

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Significant correlations (0.50) were observed again between scores for the Wilson-Barber Inventory of Childhood Memories and Imaginings and the numbers of experiences that are indicative of temporal lobe lability. In addition, positive correlations (0.42) occurred between temporal lobe EEG measures (scalp electrodes) and numbers of temporal lobe signs. The numbers of alpha seconds per minute from the occipital lobes were correlated (0.57) with the Wilson-Barber cluster that indicated interests in “altered states”. Scores on the childhood imaginings section of the Wilson-Barber Inventory were correlated (0.44) with the numbers of spikes per minute over the temporal lobes when the eyes were closed.

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Dullemeijer, Carla, Peter L. Zock, Ruben Coronel, Hester M. Den Ruijter, Martijn B. Katan, Robert-Jan M. Brummer, Frans J. Kok, Jet Beekman i Ingeborg A. Brouwer. "Differences in fatty acid composition between cerebral brain lobes in juvenile pigs after fish oil feeding". British Journal of Nutrition 100, nr 4 (październik 2008): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508943737.

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Very long-chain n-3 PUFA from fish are suggested to play a role in the development of the brain. Fish oil feeding results in higher proportions of n-3 PUFA in the brains of newborn piglets. However, the effect of fish oil on the fatty acid composition of specific cerebral brain lobes in juvenile pigs is largely uninvestigated. This study examined the effect of a fish oil diet on the fatty acid composition of the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital brain lobes in juvenile pigs (7 weeks old). Pigs were randomly allocated to a semipurified pig diet containing either 4 % (w/w) fish oil (n 19) or 4 % (w/w) high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF diet, n 18) for a period of 8 weeks. The fish oil diet resulted in significantly higher proportions (%) of DHA in the frontal (10·6 (sd1·2)), parietal (10·2 (sd1·5)) and occipital brain lobes (9·9 (sd 1·3)), but not in the temporal lobe (7·7 (sd1·6)), compared with pigs fed the HOSF diet (frontal lobe, 7·5 (sd1·0); parietal lobe, 8·1 (sd 1·3); occipital lobe, 7·3 (sd1·2), temporal lobe, 6·6 (sd1·2). Moreover, the proportion of DHA was significantly lower in the temporal lobe compared with the frontal, parietal and occipital brain lobes in pigs fed a fish oil diet. In conclusion, the brains of juvenile pigs appear to be responsive to dietary fish oil, although the temporal brain lobe is less responsive compared with the other three brain lobes. The functional consequences of these differences are a challenging focus for future investigation.

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Ferreira, Fabio Thadeu, Eliane Kobayashi, Iscia Lopes-Cendes i Fernando Cendes. "Structural Abnormalities are Similar in Familial and Nonfamilial Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 31, nr 3 (sierpień 2004): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100003462.

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Background/Objective:Diffuse temporal lobe abnormalities can be observed on MRI of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Our objective was to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of temporal lobe structures in patients with familial MTLE (FMTLE) and nonfamilial MTLE.Methods:Two groups of patients were ascertained: 67 FMTLE patients (14 with refractory seizures) and 30 patients with nonfamilial refractory MTLE. We performed qualitative analyses of MRI (with multiplanar reconstruction) and volumes of hippocampi and anterior temporal lobes in all patients, and in a normal control group of 23 individuals. We used the Chi-square test and ANOVA for statistical analyses.Results:We identified anterior temporal lobe abnormalities by visual analysis in only 4% of FMTLE patients and atrophy of the anterior temporal lobe by volumetric analysis in 19%. In the group of nonfamilial MTLE patients we found anterior temporal lobe abnormalities by visual analysis in 17% of patients and anterior temporal lobe atrophy in 13%. Hippocampal atrophy was present in 90% of FMTLE and in 83% of nonfamilial MTLE. No signs of cortical dysplasia were observed.Conclusion:Anterior temporal lobe atrophy and other abnormalities outside the mesial portion of temporal lobes were infrequent in both familial and nonfamilial MTLE patients. Despite the genetic basis, hippocampal atrophy in FMTLE is not associated with other abnormalities outside the mesial temporal regions.

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Grassia, Fabio, Andrew V. Poliakov, Sandra L. Poliachik, Kaitlyn Casimo, Seth D. Friedman, Hillary Shurtleff, Carlo Giussani, Edward J. Novotny, Jeffrey G. Ojemann i Jason S. Hauptman. "Changes in resting-state connectivity in pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy". Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 22, nr 3 (wrzesień 2018): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.3.peds17701.

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OBJECTIVEFunctional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) is a form of fMRI that allows for analysis of blood oxygen level–dependent signal changes within a task-free, resting paradigm. This technique has been shown to have efficacy in evaluating network connectivity changes with epilepsy. Presurgical data from patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy were evaluated using the fcMRI technique to define connectivity changes within and between the diseased and healthy temporal lobes using a within-subjects design.METHODSUsing presurgical fcMRI data from pediatric patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy, the authors performed seed-based analyses within the diseased and healthy temporal lobes. Connectivity within and between temporal lobe seeds was measured and compared.RESULTSIn the cohort studied, local ipsilateral temporal lobe connectivity was significantly increased on the diseased side compared to the healthy temporal lobe. Connectivity of the diseased side to the healthy side, on the other hand, was significantly reduced when compared to connectivity of the healthy side to the diseased temporal lobe. A statistically significant regression was observed when comparing the changes in local ipsilateral temporal lobe connectivity to the changes in inter–temporal lobe connectivity. A statistically significant difference was also noted in ipsilateral connectivity changes between patients with and those without mesial temporal sclerosis.CONCLUSIONSUsing fcMRI, significant changes in ipsilateral temporal lobe and inter–temporal lobe connectivity can be appreciated in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, fcMRI may have a role in the presurgical evaluation of patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

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Valente, Kette D. R., i Geraldo Busatto Filho. "Depression and temporal lobe epilepsy represent an epiphenomenon sharing similar neural networks: clinical and brain structural evidences". Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 71, nr 3 (marzec 2013): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2013000300011.

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The relationship between depression and epilepsy has been known since ancient times, however, to date, it is not fully understood. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in persons with epilepsy is high compared to general population. It is assumed that the rate of depression ranges from 20 to 55% in patients with refractory epilepsy, especially considering those with temporal lobe epilepsy caused by mesial temporal sclerosis. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a good biological model to understand the common structural basis between depression and epilepsy. Interestingly, mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and depression share a similar neurocircuitry involving: temporal lobes with hippocampus, amygdala and entorhinal and neocortical cortex; the frontal lobes with cingulate gyrus; subcortical structures, such as basal ganglia and thalamus; and the connecting pathways. We provide clinical and brain structural evidences that depression and epilepsy represent an epiphenomenon sharing similar neural networks.

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Halász, Péter. "The medial temporal lobe epilepsy is a bilateral disease – novel aspects". Journal of Epileptology 24, nr 2 (1.12.2016): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joepi-2016-0010.

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SummaryIntroduction.Medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most frequent form of epilepsy in adulthood. It is classified as local/regional epilepsy. However, there is increasing evidence of the involvement of both temporal lobes and this provides abundant arguments to question this view, and consider MTLE as one of the typical bilateral system epilepsies.Aim.To provide a contemporary review of medial temporal lobe epilepsy, discussing the bilateral aspects, with reference to epilepsy surgery.Methods.A literature review and a resume of the author’s own experiences with MTLE patients.Results.Recent electrophysiological and neuroimaging data provide convincing data supporting that MTLE is a bilateral disease. The uni-and bilateral features form a continuum and the participation rate of the two temporal lobes determine course and surgical perspective of the individual patient.Conclusions.The contradictory data of invasive presurgical evaluations of MTLE patients suggest that there need to identify further indicatory markers of bilaterality and thus change the presurgical evaluation from the non-invasive towards the invasive ways. The mechanisms of the interrelationship between the two temporal lobes in MTLE warrants further research.

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Gainotti, Guido. "Why do herpes simplex encephalitis and semantic dementia show a different pattern of semantic impairment in spite of their main common involvement within the anterior temporal lobes?" Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, nr 3 (28.03.2018): 303–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0034.

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AbstractA very challenging problem in the domain of the cognitive neurosciences is to explain why herpes simplex encephalitis and semantic dementia show, respectively, a category-specific semantic disorder for biological entities and an across-categories semantic disruption, despite highly overlapping areas of anterior temporal lobe damage. The aim of the present review consisted in trying to make a separate survey of anatomo-clinical investigations (single-case studies and group studies) and of activation studies, in order to analyse the factors that could explain these different patterns of semantic disruption. Factors taken into account in this review were laterality of lesions, disease aetiology, kind of brain pathology and locus of damage within the temporal lobes. Locus of damage within the temporal lobes and kind of brain pathology seemed to play the most important role, because in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis and category-specific semantic disorder for biological entities the lesions prevailed in the anteromedial temporal lobes. Furthermore, the neuropathology concerned both the anterior temporal cortices and the white matter pathways connecting these areas with the posterior visual areas, whereas in semantic dementia the inferior longitudinal fasciculus involvement was restricted to the rostral temporal lobe and did not extend into the cortically uninvolved occipital lobe.

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Jones, P. B., i R. W. Kerwin. "Left Temporal Lobe Damage in Asperger's Syndrome". British Journal of Psychiatry 156, nr 4 (kwiecień 1990): 570–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.156.4.570.

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In the search for neurobiological factors in the aetiology of autism, interest has focused on the temporal lobes. We present a case of Asperger's syndrome in an otherwise healthy adult with direct evidence of left temporal lobe damage on computerised tomography.

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HARVEY, G. T., J. HUGHES, I. G. McKEITH, R. BRIEL, C. BALLARD, A. GHOLKAR, P. SCHELTENS, R. H. PERRY, P. INCE i J. T. O'BRIEN. "Magnetic resonance imaging differences between dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study". Psychological Medicine 29, nr 1 (styczeń 1999): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007806.

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Background. Temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been suggested as a specific diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). No previous comparison with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has been reported.Method. T1-weighted MRI scans were performed on 11 subjects with AD (nine with NINCDS/ADRDA probable AD and two with neuropathologically proven AD) and nine subjects with DLB (four with probable DLB diagnosed by clinical criteria and five with neuropathologically proven DLB). Groups were matched for age, duration of illness and cognitive test score. Two raters, blind to diagnosis and neuropathological findings, measured the volumes of the frontal lobes, temporal lobes, hippocampi, parahippocampal gyri, amygdalae, and caudate nuclei using a computerized volumetric analysis system. Scans were also rated for medial temporal atrophy on a four-point scale by an experienced rater.Results. AD subjects had significantly smaller left temporal lobes and parahippocampal gyri than those with DLB. Medial temporal atrophy was present in 9/11 AD cases (82%) and absent in 6/9 (67%) of DLB cases. Two neuropathologically confirmed cases of DLB had severe medial temporal atrophy; both had concurrent AD-type pathology in the temporal lobe (Braak stage 4).Conclusions. This pilot study supports the hypothesis that a greater burden of pathology centres on the temporal lobes in AD compared with DLB, except in DLB cases with concurrent Alzheimer pathology. A larger study is needed to confirm these findings and to determine whether MRI has a role in assisting with the clinical differentiation between DLB and AD.

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Zeman, Adam. "Tales from the Temporal Lobes". New England Journal of Medicine 352, nr 2 (13.01.2005): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmp048219.

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Buchabaum, M. S. "Frontal Lobes, Basal Ganglia, Temporal Lobes--Three Sites for Schizophrenia?" Schizophrenia Bulletin 16, nr 3 (1.01.1990): 377–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/16.3.377.

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Hermann, Bruce, i Michael Seidenberg. "Neuropsychology and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy". CNS Spectrums 7, nr 5 (maj 2002): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900017806.

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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to review aspects of the neuropsychology of temporal lobe epilepsy. Evidence will be presented to demonstrate that the cognitive consequences of this focal seizure disorder can be more generalized in nature than expected. Consistent with the extratemporal neurocognitive findings, careful quantitative magnetic resonance imaging volumetrics have shown that structural brain changes may be detected outside the temporal lobes. Many factors can potentially affect cognition and brain structure. We focus on the potential neurodevelopmental impact of early-onset temporal lobe epilepsy on brain structure and cognition positing that this disorder can have both immediate and lifespan implications for cognition and psychosocial status.

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Nepal, Pankaj Raj. "Technical challenge in MCA bifurcation aneurysm clipping". Eastern Green Neurosurgery 1, nr 1 (30.04.2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/egn.v1i1.25501.

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Technical challenges in aneurysms can broadly be divided into general aneurysmal management challenges and aneurysm specific challenges. Specifically, we usually prefer to select the approach based on the presence or absence of temporal hematoma, and the length of the M1 segment. In the presence of temporal lobe hematoma it is wise to select the superior temporal gyrus approach, as hematoma evacuation is easy and we usually find the M3 segment to trace back to find the aneurysm. Other challenge lies while clipping the aneurysm. MCA bifurcation aneurysm seems to be the most notorious type, because of its varied morphology. We may find them a simple, multiple lobed, giant, fusiform, and occasionally its the M2 stuck to the neck of the aneurysm or arising from its dome. For multiple lobed MCA bifurcation aneurysm, the pearls of clipping is to think different lobes as a different aneurysms.

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Jobst, Barbara C. "Temporal plus Epilepsy: Epileptic Territory beyond the Temporal Lobes". Epilepsy Currents 16, nr 5 (wrzesień 2016): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5698/1535-7511-16.5.305.

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Wolfla, Christopher E., Thomas G. Luerssen i Robin M. Bowman. "Regional brain tissue pressure gradients created by expanding extradural temporal mass lesion". Journal of Neurosurgery 86, nr 3 (marzec 1997): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.86.3.0505.

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✓ A porcine model of regional intracranial pressure was used to compare regional brain tissue pressure (RBTP) changes during expansion of an extradural temporal mass lesion. Measurements of RBTP were obtained by placing fiberoptic intraparenchymal pressure monitors in the right and left frontal lobes (RF and LF), right and left temporal lobes (RT and LT), midbrain (MB), and cerebellum (CB). During expansion of the right temporal mass, significant RBTP gradients developed in a reproducible pattern: RT > LF = LT > RF > MB > CB. These gradients appeared early, widened as the volume of the mass increased, and persisted for the entire duration of the experiment. The study indicates that RBTP gradients develop in the presence of an extradural temporal mass lesion. The highest RBTP was recorded in the ipsilateral temporal lobe, whereas the next highest was recorded in the contralateral frontal lobe. The RBTP that was measured in either frontal lobe underestimated the temporal RBTP. These results indicated that if a frontal intraparenchymal pressure monitor is used in a patient with temporal lobe pathology, the monitor should be placed on the contralateral side and a lower threshold for therapy of increased intracranial pressure should be adopted. Furthermore, this study provides further evidence that reliance on a single frontal intraparenchymal pressure monitor may not detect all areas of elevated RBTP.

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Guo, Huirong, Ning Zhao, Zheng Li, Binhua Zhu, He Cui i Youhui Li. "Regional cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder". Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 72, nr 1 (styczeń 2014): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20130205.

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Objective: To explore the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cognitive function in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Method: Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed for 139 OCD patients and 139 controls, and the radioactivity rate (RAR) was calculated. Cognitive function was assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Results: The RARs of the prefrontal, anterior temporal, and right occipital lobes were higher in patients than controls. For the WCST, correct and classification numbers were significantly lower, and errors and persistent errors were significantly higher in OCD patients. Right prefrontal lobe RAR was negatively correlated with correct numbers, right anterior temporal lobe RAR was positively correlated with errors, and the RARs of the right prefrontal lobe and left thalamus were positively correlated with persistent errors. Conclusion: OCD patients showed higher CBF in the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes, suggesting that these areas may be related with cognitive impairment.

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Wise, R. J. S., D. Howard, C. J. Mummery, P. Fletcher, A. Leff, C. Büchel i S. K. Scott. "Noun imageability and the temporal lobes". Neuropsychologia 38, nr 7 (czerwiec 2000): 985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0028-3932(99)00152-9.

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Trimble, Michael R. "Body Image and the Temporal Lobes". British Journal of Psychiatry 153, S2 (1988): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000298917.

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Before discussing the relationship of the temporal lobes to the body image, it is necessary to consider briefly some other aspects of the neurology of body image and its disturbances. Further, some clarification of the term body image is required.

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Manes, Facundo, i Ezequiel Gleichgerrcht. "Language, Memory and the Temporal Lobes". Behavioural Neurology 24, nr 4 (2011): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/689675.

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BUCCIONE, IVANA, LUCIA FADDA, LAURA SERRA, CARLO CALTAGIRONE i GIOVANNI A. CARLESIMO. "Retrograde episodic and semantic memory impairment correlates with side of temporal lobe damage". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, nr 6 (27.10.2008): 1083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708080922.

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AbstractPatients with damage to the mesial and anterior portions of the temporal lobes suffer from a memory impairment involving both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. In the retrograde domain, it has been suggested that the relative severity of autobiographical and nonautobiographical memory impairment may depend on the prevalent side of the temporal damage. Here we present two patients suffering from damage to the mesial and anterior portions of the temporal lobes (hippocampal formation, parahippocampal gyrus and polar cortex) as a result of herpes encephalitis. In the first case, A.S., damage predominantly affected the right temporal lobe, whereas in the second patient, R.S., the damage was bilateral but more severe on the left side. A detailed investigation of the retrograde memory deficit demonstrated a partial double dissociation between the two patients, with A.S. almost exclusively impaired in the autobiographical domain (both episodic and semantic) and R.S. with poor performances in all domains, but much more severe in the nonautobiographical (both public events and general semantic knowledge) than in the autobiographical one. These findings reinforce the view of specialization of right and left temporal lobes in the retrieval of retrograde autobiographical and nonautobiographical memories, respectively. (JINS, 2008, 14, 1083–1094.)

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Oka, Kazunari, Albert L. Rhoton, Margaret Barry i Roland Rodriguez. "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Superficial Veins of the Cerebrum". Neurosurgery 17, nr 5 (1.11.1985): 711–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198511000-00003.

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Abstract The microsurgical anatomy of the superficial cortical veins was examined in 20 cerebral hemispheres. The superficial cortical veins are divided into three groups based on whether they drain the lateral, medical, or inferior surface of the hemisphere. The veins on the three surfaces are further subdivided on the basis of the lobe and cortical area that they drain. The superficial cerebral veins collect into four groups of bridging veins: a superior sagittal group, which drains into the superior sagittal sinus; a sphenoidal group, which drains into the sphenoparietal and cavernous sinuses on the inner surface of the sphenoid bone; a tentorial group, which converges on the sinuses in the tentorium; and a falcine group, which empties into the inferior sagittal or straight sinus or their tributaries. The superior sagittal group drains the superior part of the medial and lateral surfaces of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes and the anterior part of the basal surface of the frontal lobe. The sphenoidal group drains the parts of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes adjoining the sylvian fissure. The tentorial group drains the lateral surface of the temporal lobe and the basal surface of the temporal and occipital lobes. The falcine group drains an area that includes the cingulate and parahippocampal gyri and approximates the cortical parts of the limbic lobe of the brain. The relationship of these veins to the venous lacunae was also examined.

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BALTHAZAR, MARCIO LUIZ FIGUEREDO, CLARISSA LIN YASUDA, FABRÍCIO RAMOS SILVESTRE PEREIRA, FELIPE PAULO GUAZZI BERGO, FERNANDO CENDES i BENITO PEREIRA DAMASCENO. "Coordinated and circumlocutory semantic naming errors are related to anterolateral temporal lobes in mild AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and normal aging". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 16, nr 6 (4.10.2010): 1099–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617710000998.

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AbstractNaming difficulties are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and, to a lesser extent, of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. The association of naming impairment with anterior temporal lobe (ATL) atrophy in Semantic Dementia (SD) could be a tip of the iceberg effect, in which case the atrophy is a marker of more generalized temporal lobe pathology. Alternatively, it could reflect the existence of a functional gradient within the temporal lobes, wherein more anterior regions provide the basis for greater specificity of representation. We tested these two hypotheses in a study of 15 subjects with mild AD, 17 with aMCI, and 16 aged control subjects and showed that coordinate and circumlocutory semantic error production on the Boston Naming Test was weakly correlated with ATL gray matter density, as determined by voxel-based morphometry. Additionally, we investigated whether these errors were benefited by phonemic cues, and similarly to SD, our AD patients had small improvement. Because there is minimal gradient of temporal lobe atrophy in AD or MCI, and, therefore, no basis for a tip of the iceberg effect, these findings support the theory of a modest functional gradient in the temporal lobes, with the ATLs being involved in the naming of more specific objects. (JINS, 2010, 16, 1099–1107.)

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Navarra, F., M. Gallucci, O. Gagliardo, G. Cardone, G. B. Minio Paluello i M. Castrucci. "Malattia di Alzheimer: Iperintensità dei lobi temporali in RM". Rivista di Neuroradiologia 10, nr 2_suppl (październik 1997): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009970100s222.

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Signal intensity of temporal lobes was studied in eighteen patients with Alzheimer's disease. Fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence and fast spin-echo (TSE) sequence were employed. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was achieved with clinical tests. In 11 patients (61%) pathological temporal lobe hyperintensities were detected. FLAIR sequence was more sensitive (61%) than TSE (28%).

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Lyu, Benshuai, i Ann P. Dowling. "Temporal stability analysis of jets of lobed geometry". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 860 (5.12.2018): 5–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.865.

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A two-dimensional temporal incompressible stability analysis is performed for lobed jets. The jet base flow is assumed to be parallel and of a vortex-sheet type. The eigenfunctions of this simplified stability problem are expanded using the eigenfunctions of a round jet. The original problem is then formulated as an innovative matrix eigenvalue problem, which can be solved in a very robust and efficient manner. The results show that the lobed geometry changes both the convection velocity and temporal growth rate of the instability waves. However, different modes are affected differently. In particular, mode 0 is not sensitive to the geometry changes, whereas modes of higher orders can be changed significantly. The changes become more pronounced as the number of lobes $N$ and the penetration ratio $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}$ increase. Moreover, the lobed geometry can cause a previously degenerate eigenvalue ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{n}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{-n}$) to become non-degenerate ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{n}\neq \unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{-n}$) and lead to opposite changes to the stability characteristics of the corresponding symmetric ($n$) and antisymmetric ($-n$) modes. It is also shown that each eigenmode changes its shape in response to the lobes of the vortex sheet, and the degeneracy of an eigenvalue occurs when the vortex sheet has more symmetric planes than the corresponding mode shape (including both symmetric and antisymmetric planes). The new approach developed in this paper can be used to study the stability characteristics of jets of other arbitrary geometries in a robust and efficient manner.

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Mórocz, I. Á., A. Karni, S. Haut, G. Lantos i G. Liu. "fMRI of triggerable aurae in musicogenic epilepsy". Neurology 60, nr 4 (25.02.2003): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000047346.96206.a9.

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The authors studied a patient with musicogenic epilepsy triggered by one specific musical piece using 3D PRESTO fMRI. During epileptic aurae initiated by the stimulus, signal increases were found in the left anterior temporal lobe, correlating with ictal EEG and SPECT showing a left anterior temporal focus, and the right gyrus rectus. Because fMRI indicated a cascade of recruitment of the ventral frontal lobes by epileptogenic music, left anterior temporal lobe activity could be secondary to a right gyrus rectus focus, possibly triggered by emotional processing of music.

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Buchsbaum, M. S. "The Frontal Lobes, Basal Ganglia, and Temporal Lobes as Sites for Schizophrenia". Schizophrenia Bulletin 16, nr 3 (1.01.1990): 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/16.3.379.

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Galińska-Skok, Beata, Aleksandra Małus, Beata Konarzewska, Anna Rogowska-Zach, Robert Milewski, Eugeniusz Tarasów, Agata Szulc i Napoleon Waszkiewicz. "Choline Compounds of the Frontal Lobe and Temporal Glutamatergic System in Bipolar and Schizophrenia Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study". Disease Markers 2018 (25.11.2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3654894.

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Purpose. Modern neuroimaging techniques allow investigating brain structures and substances involved in the pathophysiology of mental disorders, trying to find new markers of these disorders. To better understanding of the pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, this study was conducted to assess the neurochemical alterations in the frontal and temporal lobes in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Methods. Twenty-one subjects with schizophrenia (paranoid and differentiated types), 16 subjects with bipolar I disorder (manic, depressive, and mixed episode), and 20 healthy subjects were studied. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and proton resonance magnetic spectroscopy (1H MRS) were performed on a 1.5 T scanner. Voxels of 8 cm3 were positioned in the left frontal and left temporal lobes. Results. Glx/H2O (GABA, glutamine, and glutamate/nonsuppressed water signal) ratios were significantly increased in the left temporal lobe in schizophrenia, but not in bipolar disorder, compared with controls. Cho/H2O (choline/nonsuppressed water signal) ratios in the left frontal lobe had a tendency to increase in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, relative to controls. A lower temporal lobe NAA/H2O ratio in mixed than in manic and depressive episode of bipolar patients was also found. No other significant differences were found among three studied groups as regards NAA, Cr, and mI ratios. Conclusions. Our results partially confirm the role of a glutamatergic system in schizophrenia, however, only in a temporal lobe. We also point to the importance of the choline-containing compounds (marker of cellular density) in the frontal lobe of patients suffering from bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. We also found the deleterious effect of mixed bipolar episode on the integrity and functioning of the temporal lobe. Glutamatergic left temporal spectroscopic changes may potentially help in differential diagnosis of schizophrenia from bipolar disorder.

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Woodruff, P. W. R., G. D. Pearlson, M. J. Geer, P. E. Barta i H. D. Chilcoat. "A computerized magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum morphology in schizophrenia". Psychological Medicine 23, nr 1 (luty 1993): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700038836.

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SynopsisThe hypothesis tested was that, in schizophrenia, corpus callosum size would be reduced, particularly in the region responsible for communication between both temporal lobes. This is supported by knowledge of: (a) anatomical homotopicity and functional specialization of fibres within the corpus callosum; (b) evidence linking structural and functional deficits of the corpus callosum and left temporal lobe with schizophrenia; and (c) that temporal lobe neuronal fibres pass through the middle region of the corpus callosum. Brain area and corpus callosum areas, widths and length were measured on mid-sagittal MRI scans using a computer outlining method. Scans from 30 schizophrenics and 44 normal subjects were compared. Mid-sagittal brain area, corpus callosum area, length and anterior widths were reduced in the schizophrenic group compared with controls. A significant area difference between schizophrenics and controls was seen in the mid-corpus callosum which communicates between the temporal lobes, including the superior temporal gyri. In schizophrenics, corpus callosum area reduction was not accounted for by brain area shrinkage alone. Differences between the two groups were accounted for by comparisons between males only. These findings support the hypothesis and the possibility that localized abnormalities of bilaterally connected brain regions might have secondary effects on their homotopically distributed fibres within the corpus callosum.

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Lawrie, Stephen M., Heather C. Whalley, Suheib S. Abukmeil, Julia N. Kestelman, Patrick Miller, Jonathan J. K. Best, David G. C. Owens i Eve C. Johnstone. "Temporal lobe volume changes in people at high risk of schizophrenia with psychotic symptoms". British Journal of Psychiatry 181, nr 2 (sierpień 2002): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.181.2.138.

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BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has demonstrated abnormalities of brain structure, particularly of the temporal lobes, in schizophrenia. These are thought to be neurodevelopmental in origin, but when they become evident is unknown.AimsTo determine iftemporal lobe volumes reduce during the development of symptoms of schizophrenia in initially well people at high riskofthis disorder.MethodA group of 66 people who had at least two first— or second-degree relatives with schizophrenia and a control group of 20 healthy people had a structural MRI scan ofthe whole brain which was repeated after approximately 2 years. Regions of interest, specifically the amygdala-hippocampus complex and the temporal lobes, were traced semi-automatically by three masked raters with good inter— and intrarater reliabilityResultsRegional brain volume changes over 2 years did notdiffer between high-risk and healthy participants. Within the high-risk group, the 19 people with psychotic symptoms (12 at first assessment) had a mean reduction of 2163 mm3 intherighttemporal lobe compared with 97 mm3 in the 47 without symptoms (P⩵0.02).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that people at high risk of schizophrenia with psychotic symptoms show reductions in temporal lobe volumes.

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Knowlton, Barbara J. "Recall, recognition, and the medial temporal lobes". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, nr 3 (czerwiec 1999): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99332039.

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Aggleton & Brown predict that recognition and episodic recall depend on different brain systems and can thus be dissociated from one another. However, intact recall with impaired recognition has not yet been demonstrated if the same type of information is used in both tests. Current evidence suggests that processes underlying familiarity-based recognition are redundant with processes underlying episodic memory.

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Hammond, D. Corydon. "Temporal Lobes and Their Importance in Neurofeedback". Journal of Neurotherapy 9, nr 1 (8.07.2005): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j184v09n01_08.

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Ross, Lars A., i Ingrid R. Olson. "Social cognition and the anterior temporal lobes". NeuroImage 49, nr 4 (luty 2010): 3452–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.012.

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Milner, B. "Amnesia following operation on the temporal lobes". Neurocase 2, nr 4 (1.08.1996): 259u—298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neucas/2.4.259-u.

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Mayes, Andrew, Daniela Montaldi i Ellen Migo. "Associative memory and the medial temporal lobes". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11, nr 3 (marzec 2007): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2006.12.003.

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Chi, Richard P., i Allan W. Snyder. "Treating autism by targeting the temporal lobes". Medical Hypotheses 83, nr 5 (listopad 2014): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2014.08.002.

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Lukauskiene, R., A. Bertulis, I. Busauskiene i B. Mickiene. "Perception of Geometrical Figures in Persons with Damaged Temporal Lobes". Perception 26, nr 1_suppl (sierpień 1997): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970225.

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Persons with damaged temporal lobes were tested with computerised tests for size and form discrimination developed by A Bulatov and A Bertulis (1994 Perception23 Supplement, 25). 48 persons with damaged right and 54 persons with damaged left temporal lobe were tested. 8 persons showed hemineglect of the right visual field and 10 persons hemineglect of the left visual field. Posner (1987 Neuropsychologia25 135) stated that persons with unilateral spatial neglect had a specific inability to disengage their attention from a given object in order to reallocate it to another object positioned to its left or right. In our studies we determined whether size discrimination abnormalities also occur in the neglected side, opposite to the damaged temporal lobe. We estimated the accuracy with which subjects judged the height of two squares of different colours. Two squares with sizes varying from 0.2 to 3.0 deg were generated on the right and left side of the monitor. Subjects viewed the patterns binocularly at a distance of 1 m and adjusted the size of the square on the left to make its height equal to that on the right. The error of the setting was recorded. Persons with hemineglect of the visual field were unable to concentrate their attention at two figures located on both sides of the monitor so they were unable to make the comparison. Persons with right and left temporal lobe damage without hemineglect of the visual field judged the geometrical figures better than those with hemineglect but worse than controls. Persons with damaged left temporal lobe judged figures less well than persons with damaged right temporal lobe.

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Khashper, Alla, Jeffrey Chankowsky i Raquel del Carpio-O'Donovan. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Temporal Lobe: Normal Anatomy and Diseases". Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 65, nr 2 (maj 2014): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.001.

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Objective This pictorial essay will review the magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the temporal lobes and describe the major pathologic processes of this complex area. Conclusions Magnetic resonance imaging is an essential tool in the investigation of a patient with suspected temporal lobe pathology. Various conditions may affect this anatomic region, and, therefore, classification of imaging findings into specific groups may help provide a more focused differential diagnosis.

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Pelz, David M., Stephen J. Karlik, Allan J. Fox i Fernando Viñuela. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Down's Syndrome". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 13, S4 (listopad 1986): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100037318.

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Abstract:100% of brains of Down's adults over age 40 will show Alzheimer-type neuropathologic changes in the frontal and temporal lobes. In an attempt to image these lesions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in seven patients with Down's syndrome, ranging in age from 17 to 45 years, using a resistive unit operating at 0.15 Tesla. All scans were within normal limits except for one 45 year-old patient with severe left temporal lobe atrophy. No areas of abnormal signal were seen in the frontal or temporal lobes and the white matter lesions commonly seen in elderly demented subjects were not visualized in this group. We conclude that these white matter lesions are likely coincidental and not causally related to Alzheimer's changes. The pathologic process leading to the formation and development of Alzheimer's changes in the brains of Down's adults may not be visible on magnetic resonance images.

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Mayes, Andrew R., i Neil Roberts. "Theories of episodic memory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, nr 1413 (29.09.2001): 1395–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0941.

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Theories of episodic memory need to specify the encoding (representing), storage, and retrieval processes that underlie this form of memory and indicate the brain regions that mediate these processes and how they do so. Representation and re–representation (retrieval) of the spatiotemporally linked series of scenes, which constitute an episode, are probably mediated primarily by those parts of the posterior neocortex that process perceptual and semantic information. However, some role of the frontal neocortex and medial temporal lobes in representing aspects of context and high–level visual object information at encoding and retrieval cannot currently be excluded. Nevertheless, it is widely believed that the frontal neocortex is mainly involved in coordinating episodic encoding and retrieval and that the medial temporal lobes store aspects of episodic information. Establishing where storage is located is very difficult and disagreement remains about the role of the posterior neocortex in episodic memory storage. One view is that this region stores all aspects of episodic memory ab initio for as long as memory lasts. This is compatible with evidence that the amygdala, basal forebrain, and midbrain modulate neocortical storage. Another view is that the posterior neocortex only gradually develops the ability to store some aspects of episodic information as a function of rehearsal over time and that this information is initially stored by the medial temporal lobes. A third view is that the posterior neocortex never stores these aspects of episodic information because the medial temporal lobes store them for as long as memory lasts in an increasingly redundant fashion. The last two views both postulate that the medial temporal lobes initially store contextual markers that serve to cohere featural information stored in the neocortex. Lesion and functional neuroimaging evidence still does not clearly distinguish between these views. Whether the feeling that an episodic memory is familiar depends on retrieving an association between a retrieved episode and this feeling, or by an attribution triggered by a priming process, is unclear. Evidence about whether the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe cortices play different roles in episodic memory is conflicting. Identifying similarities and differences between episodic memory and both semantic memory and priming will require careful componential analysis of episodic memory.

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Wang, Yi-Xiang J., Xian-Lun Zhu, Min Deng, Deyond Y. W. Siu, Jason C. S. Leung, Queenie Chan, Danny T. M. Chan, Calvin Hoi Kwan Mak i Wai S. Poon. "The use of diffusion tensor tractography to measure the distance between the anterior tip of the Meyer loop and the temporal pole in a cohort from Southern China". Journal of Neurosurgery 113, nr 6 (grudzień 2010): 1144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.7.jns10393.

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Object Anterior temporal lobe resection plus amygdalohippocampectomy can cause damage to the anterior portion of the optic radiation, also known as the Meyer loop, resulting in homonymous superior quadrantanopia. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of the Meyer loop can help in surgical planning. In this study, the distance of the anterior tip of the Meyer loop to the temporal lobe pole (ML-TP) in the Southern Chinese population was assessed. Methods The authors studied 16 Southern Chinese individuals (8 men and 8 women; mean age 45.6 years, range 21–60 years). Diffusion tensor images were obtained with a 3-T MR imaging system using a single-shot spin echo echo planar imaging sequence. Two trained operators, one neurosurgeon (Operator A) and one radiologist (Operator B), carried out the DTT analysis with software iPlan (BrainLAB) and FiberTrak (Philips). Results For the 32 temporal lobes, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the 2 operators' results using iPlan was 0.96, while that of Operator A using iPlan and Operator B using FiberTrak was 0.75. The ICC of Operator B using iPlan and FiberTrak was 0.81. The ML-TP distance of normal lobes (30 lobes [2 lobes that previously underwent surgery were excluded]) was 36.3 ± 5.5 mm (range 26.6–48.9 mm), 36.3 ± 5.3 mm (range 26.8–48.2 mm), and 35.9 ± 6.4 mm (range 20.8–48.4 mm) for Operator A using iPlan, Operator B using iPlan, and Operator B using FiberTrak, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions The 2 operators reached good agreement on ML-TP distance measurement using DTT. The DDT results can be more software dependent than operator dependent. The measurement with FiberTrak demonstrated larger range and standard deviation than measurement with iPlan.

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Post, Andrew, T. Blaine Hoshizaki, Michael D. Gilchrist, Susan Brien, Michael D. Cusimano i Shawn Marshall. "The influence of dynamic response and brain deformation metrics on the occurrence of subdural hematoma in different regions of the brain". Journal of Neurosurgery 120, nr 2 (luty 2014): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.10.jns131101.

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Object The purpose of this study was to examine how the dynamic response and brain deformation of the head and brain—representing a series of injury reconstructions of which subdural hematoma (SDH) was the outcome—influence the location of the lesion in the lobes of the brain. Methods Sixteen cases of falls in which SDH was the outcome were reconstructed using a monorail drop rig and Hybrid III headform. The location of the SDH in 1 of the 4 lobes of the brain (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital) was confirmed by CT/MR scan examined by a neurosurgeon. Results The results indicated that there were minimal differences between locations of the SDH for linear acceleration. The peak resultant rotational acceleration and x-axis component were larger for the parietal lobe than for other lobes. There were also some differences between the parietal lobe and the other lobes in the z-axis component. Maximum principal strain, von Mises stress, shear strain, and product of strain and strain rate all had differences in magnitude depending on the lobe in which SDH was present. The parietal lobe consistently had the largest-magnitude response, followed by the frontal lobe and the occipital lobe. Conclusions The results indicated that there are differences in magnitude for rotational acceleration and brain deformation metrics that may identify the location of SDH in the brain.

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Anzellotti, Stefano, Bradford Z. Mahon, Jens Schwarzbach i Alfonso Caramazza. "Differential Activity for Animals and Manipulable Objects in the Anterior Temporal Lobes". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, nr 8 (sierpień 2011): 2059–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21567.

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Neuropsychological evidence has highlighted the role of the anterior temporal lobes in the processing of conceptual knowledge. That putative role is only beginning to be investigated with fMRI as methodological advances are able to compensate for well-known susceptibility artifacts that affect the quality of the BOLD signal. In this article, we described differential BOLD activation for pictures of animals and manipulable objects in the anterior temporal lobes, consistent with previous neuropsychological findings. Furthermore, we found that the pattern of BOLD signal in the anterior temporal lobes is qualitatively different from that in the fusiform gyri. The latter regions are activated to different extents but always above baseline by images of the preferred and of the nonpreferred categories, whereas the anterior temporal lobes tend to be activated by images of the preferred category and deactivated (BOLD below baseline) by images of the nonpreferred category. In our experimental design, we also manipulated the decision that participants made over stimuli from the different semantic categories. We found that in the right temporal pole, the BOLD signal shows some evidence of being modulated by the task that participants were asked to perform, whereas BOLD activity in more posterior regions (e.g., the fusiform gyri) is not modulated by the task. These results reconcile the fMRI literature with the neuropsychological findings of deficits for animals after damage to the right temporal pole and suggest that anterior and posterior regions within the temporal lobes involved in object processing perform qualitatively different computations.

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Bisinotto, Heloisa Sisconeto, Vinicius Menezes Jarry i Fabiano Reis. "Clinical and radiological aspects of bilateral temporal abnormalities: pictorial essay". Radiologia Brasileira 54, nr 2 (kwiecień 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2019.0134.

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Abstract The temporal lobes are vulnerable to several diseases, including infectious, immune-mediated, degenerative, vascular, metabolic, and neoplastic processes. Therefore, lesions in the temporal lobes can pose a diagnostic challenge for the radiologist. The temporal lobes are connected by structures such as the anterior commissure, corpus callosum, and hippocampal commissure. That interconnectedness favors bilateral involvement in various clinical contexts. This pictorial essay is based on a retrospective analysis of case files from a tertiary university hospital and aims to illustrate some of the conditions that simultaneously affect the temporal lobes, as well as to define some neuroimaging elements that may be useful for the differential diagnosis of these diseases. Using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, we illustrate the neuroradiological findings in confirmed cases of human herpesvirus 1, central nervous system tuberculosis, autoimmune encephalitis, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, mesial temporal sclerosis, stroke, kernicterus, megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, low-grade glioma, and secondary lymphoma, the objective being to emphasize the importance of these imaging methods for making the differential diagnosis.

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Kiernan, J. A. "Anatomy of the Temporal Lobe". Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2012 (29.03.2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/176157.

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Only primates have temporal lobes, which are largest in man, accommodating 17% of the cerebral cortex and including areas with auditory, olfactory, vestibular, visual and linguistic functions. The hippocampal formation, on the medial side of the lobe, includes the parahippocampal gyrus, subiculum, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and associated white matter, notably the fimbria, whose fibres continue into the fornix. The hippocampus is an inrolled gyrus that bulges into the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. Association fibres connect all parts of the cerebral cortex with the parahippocampal gyrus and subiculum, which in turn project to the dentate gyrus. The largest efferent projection of the subiculum and hippocampus is through the fornix to the hypothalamus. The choroid fissure, alongside the fimbria, separates the temporal lobe from the optic tract, hypothalamus and midbrain. The amygdala comprises several nuclei on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe, mostly anterior the hippocampus and indenting the tip of the temporal horn. The amygdala receives input from the olfactory bulb and from association cortex for other modalities of sensation. Its major projections are to the septal area and prefrontal cortex, mediating emotional responses to sensory stimuli. The temporal lobe contains much subcortical white matter, with such named bundles as the anterior commissure, arcuate fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus, and Meyer’s loop of the geniculocalcarine tract. This article also reviews arterial supply, venous drainage, and anatomical relations of the temporal lobe to adjacent intracranial and tympanic structures.

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Brito-Marques, Paulo Roberto de, Roberto Vieira de Mello i Luciano Montenegro. "Classic Pick's disease type with ubiquitin-positive and tau-negative inclusions: case report". Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 59, nr 1 (marzec 2001): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2001000100028.

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We report on a patient presenting Pick's disease similar to the one reported by Pick in 1892, with ubiquitin-positive and tau-negative inclusions. His diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical (language disturbance and behavioural disorders), neuropsychological (progressive aphasia of the expression type and late mutism), neuroimaging with magnetic resonance (bilateral frontal and temporal lobes atrophy) and brain single photon emission computed tomography (frontal and temporal lobes hypoperfusion) studies. Macroscopic examination showed atrophy on the frontal and temporal lobes. The left hippocampus displayed a major circumscribed atrophy. The diagnostic confirmation was made by the neuropathological findings of the autopsy that showed neuronal loss with gliosis of the adjacent white matter and apearence of status spongiosus in the middle frontal and especially in the upper temporal lobes. There were also neuronal swelling (ballooned cell) and argyrophilic inclusions (Pick's bodies) in the left and right hippocampi. Anti-ubiquitin reaction tested positive and anti-tau tested negative.

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Huot, B., K. Makarec i M. A. Persinger. "Temporal Lobes Signs and Jungian Dimensions of Personality". Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, nr 3-1 (grudzień 1989): 841–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125890693-123.

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Phenomenological experiences that suggest temporal lobe lability were correlated with Jungian personality (Myers-Briggs) indicators. People with frequent temporal lobe indicators were more intuitive than sensing and more perceiving than judging; in the more general population temporal lobe indicators were also weakly associated with feeling rather than thinking. Students who were actively engaged in a drama class also displayed more frequent temporal lobe signs than psychology students. The data arc commensurate with the hypothesis that the relationship between belief in psi phenomena, psi experiences, and specific cognitive styles is derived from a temporal lobe lability factor.

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Matsuoka, Teruyuki, Jin Narumoto, Aiko Okamura, Shogo Taniguchi, Yuka Kato, Keisuke Shibata, Kaeko Nakamura, Chio Okuyama, Kei Yamada i Kenji Fukui. "Neural correlates of the components of the clock drawing test". International Psychogeriatrics 25, nr 8 (16.05.2013): 1317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610213000690.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of this study was to identify the neural correlates of each component of the clock drawing test (CDT) in drug-naïve patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using single photon emission computed tomography.Methods: The participants were 95 drug-naïve patients with AD. The Rouleau CDT was used to score the clock drawings. The score for the Rouleau CDT (R total) is separated into three components: the scores for the clock face (R1), the numbers (R2), and the hands (R3). A multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship of each score (i.e. R total, R1, R2, and R3) with regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Age, gender, and education were included as covariates. The statistical threshold was set to a family-wise error (FWE)-corrected p value of 0.05 at the voxel level.Results: The R total score was positively correlated with rCBF in the bilateral parietal and posterior temporal lobes and the right middle frontal gyrus. R1 was not significantly positively correlated with rCBF, R2 was significantly positively correlated with rCBF in the right posterior temporal lobe and the left posterior middle temporal lobe, and R3 was significantly positively correlated with rCBF in the bilateral parietal lobes, the right posterior temporal lobe, the right middle frontal gyrus, and the right occipital lobe.Conclusions: Various brain regions were associated with each component of the CDT. These results suggest that an assessment of these components is useful for the detection of localization of brain damage.

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Xing, Wu, Xiaoyi Wang, Fangfang Xie i Weihua Liao. "Application of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion in temporal lobe epilepsy". Acta Radiologica 54, nr 1 (luty 2013): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ar.2012.110658.

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Background Accurately locating the epileptogenic focus in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is important in clinical practice. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET) have been widely used in the lateralization of TLE, but both have limitations. Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging can accurately and reliably reflect differences in cerebral blood flow and volume. Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the lateralization of the epileptogenic focus in TLE. Material and Methods Conventional MRI and DSC-MRI scanning was performed in 20 interictal cases of TLE and 20 healthy volunteers. The relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the bilateral mesial temporal lobes of the TLE cases and healthy control groups were calculated. The differences in the perfusion asymmetry indices (AIs), derived from the rCBV and rCBF of the bilateral mesial temporal lobes, were compared between the two groups. Results In the control group, there were no statistically significant differences between the left and right sides in terms of rCBV (left 1.55±0.32, right 1.57±0.28) or rCBF (left 99.00±24.61, right 100.38±23.46) of the bilateral mesial temporal lobes. However, in the case group the ipsilateral rCBV and rCBF values (1.75±0.64 and 96.35±22.63, respectively) were markedly lower than those of the contralateral side (2.01± 0.79 and 108.56±26.92; P < 0.05). Both the AI of the rCBV (AIrCBV; 13.03±10.33) and the AI of the rCBF (AIrCBF; 11.24±8.70) of the case group were significantly higher than that of the control group (AIrCBV 5.55± 3.74, AIrCBF 5.12±3.48; P < 0.05). The epileptogenic foci of nine patients were correctly lateralized using the 95th percentile of the AIrCBV and AIrCBF of the control group as the normal upper limits. Conclusion In patients with TLE interictal, both rCBV and rCBF of the ipsilateral mesial temporal lobe were markedly lower than that of healthy control subjects. DSC-MRI can provide lateralization for TLE.

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Schnider, A., M. Regard i T. Landis. "Anterograde and Retrograde Amnesia following Bitemporal Infarction". Behavioural Neurology 7, nr 2 (1994): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/653736.

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A patient suffered very severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia following infarction of both medial temporal lobes (hippocampus and adjacent cortex) and the left inferior temporo-occipital area. The temporal stem and the amygdala were intact; these structures do not appear to be critical for new learning in humans. Extension of the left-sided infarct into the inferior temporo-occipital lobe, an area critically involved in visual processing, appears to be responsible for our patient's loss of remote memories.

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