Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Technological systems”
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Kahen, Goel. "Strategic planning systems in technological development". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336467.
Pełny tekst źródłaOdegaard, Leiv Erik. "Technological Step-Change in Industrial Production Systems". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25929.
Pełny tekst źródłaSwoish, Michael Joseph. "Technological Innovations for Mid-Atlantic Cropping Systems". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104449.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctor of Philosophy
Climate change, increased demand for locally sourced ingredients, and elevated pressure for environmentally responsible practices will make meeting the growing demand for food difficult for farmers to achieve over the next few decades. Similar to many other industries, implementation of advanced technology may be necessary to keep up with agricultural demand. Plant growth regulators are one such technology which when applied to plants can cause them to remain short, decreasing the chance of blowing over during windstorms. However, chapter one of this dissertation concluded that risks of plant injury also exist when applying plant growth regulator on malting barley (for brewing or distilling). Application should be restricted to fields with greater risk of wind damage (e.g. taller barley) and made only after the barley crop begins spring growth and a decrease in air temperature is not forecasted in the week following application. Chapter two compared eight spectral vegetation indices across three satellites with different image resolution for their ability to estimate cover crop biomass. Cover crops protect groundwater and surface water quality, but only when adequate growth is achieved. Satellite imagery was able to estimate multi-species cover crop biomass more accurately than field-based sensors, although the most accurate vegetation index was dependent upon which satellite was being tested. Chapter three investigated the potential of Arabidopsis thaliana ipk1-, a loss-of-function mutant which exhibits decreased growth at elevated phosphorus concentration, as in indicator of plant available phosphorus in soil. An indicator crop could help determine which areas of a field are likely to have increased crop yield if fertilized and which are not. The mutant tested could be useful as an indicator crop given its response to phosphorus concentration, warranting further research with other plant species more appropriate for field use.
Gan, Thiam Soon. "A comparative analysis of technological learning systems in emerging rotorcraft companies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70798.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-136).
The aim of this research is to understand how emerging rotorcraft companies in various countries accomplished technological learning over the last sixty years. Owing to its unique products and growing market demand, rotorcraft industry is one of the most globalized and dynamic sectors of the aerospace industry. Understanding technological learning in the rotorcraft industry is important to industrial policy makers and corporate managers who are seeking more clarity in the relationship between rotorcraft companies and the global social-political environment. Although there has already been extensive research on technological learning in various industries, evidence of technological learning in the rotorcraft industry has been lacking. This research aims to fill this gap in the field of technological learning by unveiling the learning dynamic and technological evolution of emerging rotorcraft companies. This thesis will analyze these developments by research on emerging rotorcraft companies' National Innovation Systems (NIS) and their different modes of cooperation with foreign companies. The analysis on the companies' NIS is an important element of the research framework as it defines the national innovation environment for the industry. NIS represents the unique system of institutional, private and foreign stakeholders and their interaction in the country. The analysis on the different modes of cooperation with foreign companies is the second key element of the research framework as mode of cooperation is an important technological indicator for emerging rotorcraft companies. To substantiate the findings of technological learning in the rotorcraft industry, three case studies of emerging rotorcraft companies - Agusta (Italy), Avicopter (China) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries Aerospace (Japan) were made. Each case provides both holistic and detailed view of the unique technological learning system of the company by analyzing both national-level and company-level factors. This thesis synthesizes and compares the three companies' technological learning systems and draws conclusion in relationship to their respective NIS. This thesis has identified that concurrent internal learning, a history of cooperation, favorable national learning environment and production scale are essential for emerging rotorcraft companies to succeed. Moreover, it has also found that denial of technology access only slows down but does not prevent technological learning completely. This thesis will not only provide industrial policy makers and corporate managers with greater insight into the technological learning systems of emerging rotorcraft companies, but also a different perspective regarding technological transfer and cooperation. Finally, this thesis contributes to the research on technological learning through its original case studies from the rotorcraft industry.
by Thiam Soon Gan.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
Sepulveda, Nestor A. (Sepulveda Morales). "Decarbonization of power systems : analyzing different technological pathways". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107278.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Technology and Policy Program, 2016.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 211-214).
Climate change poses a major challenge to society. Different sectors of society will need to respond in different ways; for the power sector, the response will require the aggressive reduction of CO2 emissions to near zero by 2050. There is no unique pathway for achieving a given level of decarbonization, and different pathways will require greater or lesser resources. In general, as the degree of carbon mitigation increases, each additional unit of reduction will become more expensive. The world has limited resources, as do national economies. Thus, whether the solution to decarbonization is achieved through markets or through centralized planning, the solution should be the one that maximizes society's welfare, i.e., that achieves the goal at minimum cost for society. This thesis explores the potential cost implications of different decarbonization pathways for the electricity generation mix in the year 2050. The impacts of different CO2 reduction targets and technological choices on the cost of decarbonization are compared. The average price of electricity is used as a metric for the cost of decarbonization to society. An important requirement of the analysis is to take account of changes in the expected cost of existing technologies over this period, as well as the possibility that new technologies will become available. This research takes a systemic view, including a detailed representation of the interactions between different types of power system technologies, taking into consideration the synergies and limitations that each asset class creates and/or imposes on others. To explore the impact of differences in system characteristics, two different U.S. power systems are analyzed: New England's power system and the Texas power system. These differ significantly in their demand profiles and in the availability of renewable resources. Cost estimates developed by the International Energy Agency and the Nuclear Energy Agency for 2020 are used as input parameters for the analysis. Uncertainty in cost estimates is addressed by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis on future cost reductions for renewables and storage systems, as well as future cost increases for nuclear technologies. Additionally, to account in part for the likelihood of future changes in the pool of available technological options, two new supply-side technologies currently under development are included in the analysis, as are new capabilities for managing demand-side resources. A novel long-term generation investment model, GenX, has been developed to determine the minimum cost generation mix subject to various emissions constraints and different technological pathways. GenX is a capacity expansion model with clustered unit commitment constraints whose main features include: 1) the ability to evaluate the impact of operating constraints with hourly resolution on investment decisions and on total generation cost; 2) the ability to account for the chronological variability of demand and renewable output, and correlations between the two; and 3) the ability to decide on power plant investments and operation at the individual plant level. Each technology is characterized by a particular set of operational and economic parameters. Additionally, GenX is capable of modeling new technological concepts {advanced nuclear (Generation IV) and heat storage{ which would support interactions between electricity and heat markets. The model is implemented in the Julia language and has been used to simulate 560 different decarbonization/technology scenarios. Key results include: (1) the importance for minimizing the cost of decarbonization of having a diversity of technological options with a range of technical and economic attributes; more specifically, (2) the central importance of having dispatchable low-carbon resources, such as nuclear power or carbon capture and sequestration systems. For example, when dispatchable low-carbon technologies are not available, the cost of achieving deep decarbonization goals is shown to triple in power systems such as New England's with lower renewables potential, and to double even in a Texas-like system with higher renewables potential; and (3) the great potential of new technological concepts for simultaneously reducing CO2 emissions and decreasing the cost of electricity considerably. An important policy implication of this work is the need to shift from technology-specific support mechanisms for decarbonization (e.g. renewable portfolio standards) to general low-carbon support mechanisms that will allow for competition between and adaptation of low-carbon technologies. The methodology developed in this research supports two important new capabilities for policy makers: (1) the ability to calculate the extra cost associated with dispensing with specific technological options {such as nuclear power{ will enable improved cost-benefit analysis of policies directed towards specific technologies; (2) the ability to model the potential impact of new technological concepts on the cost of decarbonization will help to optimize the allocation of R&D resources with respect to their potential contribution to reducing CO2 abatement costs.
by Nestor A. Sepulveda.
S.M.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
Омельяненко, Віталій Анатолійович, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко i Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko. "Basics of general approach for technological systems analysis". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46970.
Pełny tekst źródłaLuo, Jianxi. "Hierarchy in industry architecture : transaction strategy under technological constraints". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62759.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-163).
Motivation -- Industrial firms survive, sustain and co-evolve by participating in the sector of innovation and production through industrial transactions with each other. However, it is difficult for specialized firms to be aware of and manage accordingly the kind of systemic constraints and opportunities induced by relevant but indirect transactions, as well as the technological and economic requirements of their value chains, which they cannot control or even sufficiently observe. The myopia may cause specialized firms to implement incorrect strategies, leave them vulnerable to system failures or ignorant of emerging opportunities. This implies a paradox: the simultaneous needs to specialize and to understand and manage the big picture of the eco-system. Goal -- Previous industry studies have focused on the question if a transaction with an external firm is needed rather than in-house production, and on empirical work from single industries or bilateral relationships between firms. Meanwhile, the firms' positions in the sectoral transactional network are also influential to the success and performance of firms. In this dissertation, I conduct transactional network analysis to explore how firms are organized in the sector of aggregated industries, in order to shed light on the set of previously ignored knowledge on industrial transactions, which is valuable to single firms in designing strategies and managing operations but is not available from firm- and industry-level analysis. Hierarchy in Industry Architecture -- At the sector level, existing theories often assumed hierarchical or non-hierarchical relationships among industrial firms, and quantitative evidence on variable degrees of hierarchy in industry sectors is lacking. This dissertation first identifies and defines the type of hierarchy relevant to industry studies -flow hierarchy, develops a network-based metric on the degree of hierarchy (one-way flow of transactions), and applies it to the transaction data from two industrial sectors in Japan. The empirical results show that the electronics sector exhibits a significantly lower degree of hierarchy than the automotive sector due to the presence of many transaction cycles. It shows that the simplistic hierarchy hypothesis for production sectors does not always hold. Industrial Network Model and Transaction Specificity -- I further create a network simulation model with random networks to relate sector-level hierarchy degrees to firm-level behavioral variables, and infer transaction specificity, i.e. the extent to which a firm is captive to a niche of customers positioned closely in the industrial network hierarchy. The model builds on three basic rules on market structures, i.e. hierarchy, niche, and the mapping relationship between roles and positions. Transaction specificity provides a way to quantify the tendency of a firm to fix or institutionalize its role according to its relative network position, or where the transactions of a firm are oriented in the value chains, whereas traditional studies analyze whether a transaction versus in-house production is needed. The result shows that transaction specificity in the electronics sector is quantitatively much lower than that in the automotive sector. Interviews and Firm Boundary Strategies -- I further conducted interviews with nine firms in the two sectors and found that, with decision rationales related to product modularity, innovation dynamics and asset specificity, the major electronics firms take the permeable vertical boundary strategy and diversified horizontal boundary strategy, which decrease transaction specificity so that many transaction cycles emerge in the electronics sector. My analysis shows the permeability of a firm's vertical boundary, i.e. playing multiple value chain roles, is the necessary condition for transaction cycles to emerge. Meanwhile, these two strategies are not feasible in the automotive sector according to interviews. They are also not observed in the American electronics sector. My data show the American electronics firms tend to be vertically specialized in the value chains. Social-Technical Arguments -- Linking network analysis results, interview data, and the prior work on the physical limits to product modularity, I argue that higher power level of a sector's technologies leads to higher transaction specificity, and more hierarchical transaction lows across the sector. High power technologies constrain strategic transaction choices, while lower power technologies enable a larger option space of transaction strategies, for companies to explore and exploit. Implications -- For academics, the use of network analysis permits transaction cost analysis, or more general analysis of transaction-related decisions, to be extended from the boundary of a firm to the architecture of a sector comprising related industries. It gives us a bird's-eye view to observe firm-level transaction behaviors and create new knowledge on transaction specificity. In addition, the analysis of the physical properties of product technologies allows us to interpret the difference in transaction specificities and hierarchy degrees of different sectors, which economic and sociology theories cannot explain. For industry practitioners, this research suggests that firms' choices for industrial transactions are under some predictable constraints from product technologies. A better understanding of the linkages between industry architecture, firm transaction strategy, and product technology, in turn can guide companies to tailor transaction strategies to implicit technological constraints and to adequately explore strategic options made feasible by technologies.
by Jianxi Luo.
Ph.D.
Wood, Danielle Renee. "Building technological capability within satellite programs in developing countries". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79502.
Pełny tekst źródłaVita. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Global participation in space activity is growing as satellite technology matures and spreads. Countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America are creating or reinvigorating national satellite programs. These countries are building local capability in space through technological learning. They sometimes pursue this via collaborative satellite development projects with foreign firms that provide training. This phenomenon of collaborative satellite development projects is poorly understood by researchers of technological learning and technology transfer. The approach has potential to facilitate learning, but there are also challenges due to misaligned incentives and the tacit nature of the technology. Perspectives from literature on Technological Learning, Technology Transfer, Complex Product Systems and Product Delivery provide useful but incomplete insight for decision makers in such projects. This work seeks a deeper understanding of capability building through collaborative technology projects by conceiving of the projects as complex, socio-technical systems with architectures. The architecture of a system is the assignment of form to execute a function along a series of dimensions. The research questions explore the architecture of collaborative satellite projects, the nature of capability building during such projects, and the relationship between architecture and capability building. The research design uses inductive, exploratory case studies to investigate six collaborative satellite development projects. Data collection harnesses international field work driven by interviews, observation, and documents. The data analysis develops structured narratives, architectural comparison and capability building assessment. The architectural comparison reveals substantial variation in project implementation, especially in the areas of project initiation, technical specifications of the satellite, training approaches and the supplier selection process. The individual capability building assessment shows that most trainee engineers gradually progressed from no experience with satellites through theoretical training to supervised experience; a minority achieved independent experience. At the organizational level, the emerging space organizations achieved high levels of autonomy in project definition and satellite operation, but they were dependent on foreign firms for satellite design, manufacture, test and launch. The case studies can be summarized by three archetypal projects defined as "Politically Pushed," "Structured," and "Risk Taking." Countries in the case studies tended to start in a Politically Pushed mode, and then moved into either Structured or Risk Taking mode. Decision makers in emerging satellite programs can use the results of this dissertation to consider the broad set of architectural options for capability building. Future work will continue to probe how specific architectural decisions impact capability building outcomes in satellite projects and other technologies.
by Danielle Renee Wood.
Ph.D.
Baxter, Jenifer. "Technological innovation systems : the case of hydrogen from waste". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/59170/.
Pełny tekst źródłaShields, William. "Theory and Practice in the Study of Technological Systems". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26796.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Schweitzer, Ryan W. "Community managed rural water supply systems in the Dominican Republic : assessment of sustainability of systems built by the National Institute of Potable Water and Peace Corps, Dominican Republic /". Available online. Click here, 2009. http://services.lib.mtu.edu/etd/THESIS/2009/Civil&EnvironmentalEng/schweitzer/thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBenson, Christopher Lee. "Technological development and innovation : selected policy implications". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74453.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62).
Technological development is one of the main drivers in economic progress throughout the world and is strongly linked to the creation of new industries, jobs, and wealth. This thesis attempts to better understand how a specific technological field develops over time and to examine the policy implications resulting from that research. In order to research the specific field, we present a repeatable method to identify and describe the important innovations in an industry, using the solar photovoltaic industry as a case study. A set of 2484 patented inventions in the solar PV industry between 1961 and 2011 was selected and their metadata and textual information were analyzed using a mixture of qualitative, quantitative and objective tests. Within the patent set, a group of most highly cited patents was located and defined. We found that these highly cited patents improved on technologies across different technological hierarchy levels and that the hierarchy levels did not appear to follow any pattern over time. When compared with other patents in the set of 2484, the highly cited patents, contrary to some conjectures, did not apparently rely more on new scientific discoveries as they did not cite scientific literature more frequently than less cited patents. These findings support the theory that even the most important developments in a field are part of an integrated system and cannot be treated as standalone improvements. The work also indicates that ascribing the bulk of progress to "breakthroughs" is not seen in objective data. The thesis continues with an analysis of how these findings may apply to innovation polices in organizations. Finally, technological innovation strategies within MIT, Stanford and the United States Air Force are analyzed through the lens of the model constructed from the findings.
by Christopher L Benson.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
S.M.
Adams, Marc Robert. "Understanding regional agri-food systems and their supply chains : a socio-technological systems approach". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/71478/.
Pełny tekst źródłaNegro, Simona O. "Dynamics of technological innovation systems : the case of biomass energy /". Utrecht : Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0803/2008400373.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaLavinsky, D. V. "Structural analysis of the technological systems under electromagnetic field action". Thesis, Center of educational literature, 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/22372.
Pełny tekst źródłaCampbell, Georgina A. (Georgina Amy). "Incentive competitions as a policy tool for technological innovation". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65500.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-78).
Large incentive competitions are becoming increasingly popular amongst policymakers and philanthropists as a mission-orientated tool for inducing innovation, particularly in areas of national priority where market incentives and conventional tools such as patents and procurements tend not to be sufficient. Using inducement mechanisms (motivators) such as a large financial reward, demanding deliverables, and technical support, incentive competitions seek to motivate innovators to exert effort and develop creative solutions to pre-defined problems. According to the literature, these motivators can be powerful mechanisms for influencing effort and creativity but their effectiveness very much depends on the combination of motivators used and conditions under which they are executed. There is a serious lack of empirical evidence on the motivators and conditions of large incentive competitions and their effectiveness to influence behaviour and outcomes. Therefore, we cannot fully appreciate the role of large incentive competitions in the innovation policy tool kit. A small body of empirical data exists on the impact of motivators within small online prizes but these prizes are very different to large incentive competitions in terms of the intended motivators incorporated and the competition environment. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of one large incentive competition- the Progressive Automotive XPRIZE (PIAXP), this thesis aims to explore the motivators incorporated into PIAXP and their ability to orient people towards a specified mission and induce innovative behaviour. In turn, this thesis aims to 1) better understand the role incentive prizes as an innovation tool and 2) identify the motivators and prize design that can be used in incentive competitions to promote desired outcomes. My research identifies two unique features of PIAXP, which can provide insight into large incentive competitions in general. 1) PIAXP effectively attracted and focused a diverse set of solvers on a specific problem, who otherwise would not or could not pursue the prize objective(s). For example, 35% of teams did not exist before. Of those teams that did exist, 30% were informal and 17% were non-vehicle- related, all turning to formal vehicle teams for the PIAXP; 2) PIAXP facilitated the development of participating teams and ideas, and actively induced innovative behaviour during the competition. These findings emphasize the important of motivators and prize design to attract and support the development of solvers and solutions. In terms of competition design, participants and organizations were influenced in different ways. Influential motivators included: recognition (validation, publicity, and personal pride), performance accelerators (business and personal), and intrinsic passion for the cause. Other elements of design that influenced entry levels and behaviour included: structure (length/ barriers to entry), categories (broad, specific or multiple), collaborative events, and support (for the organization and individual). Success within PIAXP was positively correlated with compensation and competition but negatively correlated with recognition. Effort was positively correlated with reputation but negatively correlated with fun.
by Georgina A. Campbell.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
Malluzzo, Tomas. "Marine System Design in New Product Development under Technological Uncertainty". Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223332.
Pełny tekst źródłaCano, Arnoldo Rafael. "Effects of Technological Support on Decision Making Performance of Distributed Groups". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36733.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Viklund, Andreas, i Alexandra Esberg. "The technological flood : A multidimensional case study of technological resistance within the Swedish public sector". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185783.
Pełny tekst źródłaMölleryd, Bengt G. "Entrepreneurship in technological systems : the development of mobile telephony in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Marknadsföring, Distributionsekonomi och Industriell Dynamik (D), 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-633.
Pełny tekst źródłaDiss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk.
Mölleryd, Bengt G. "Entrepreneurship in technological systems : the development of mobile telephony in Sweden /". Stockholm Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 1999. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/523.htm.
Pełny tekst źródłaVertova, Giovanna. "Historical evolution of national systems of innovation and national technological specialisation". Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263064.
Pełny tekst źródłaTipper, Richard. "Technological change in contemporary peasant farming systems of northern Chiapas, Mexico". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2598.
Pełny tekst źródłaPetersen, Emily J. ""Reasonably Bright Girls": Theorizing Women's Agency in Technological Systems of Power". DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4924.
Pełny tekst źródłaKonoplianchenko, Ie, i V. Kolodnenko. "Ensuring reliability of complex systems by optization of time technological chains". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66581.
Pełny tekst źródłaSrivastava, Tina Prabha. "Innovation strategy to sustain a technological edge for national security & global leadership". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100679.
Pełny tekst źródłaSubmitted to the Interdepartmental Thesis Committee: Aeronautics & Astronautics, Engineering Systems, and Sloan School of Management. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 241-259).
The United States' global lead in secure technology innovation is a cornerstone of national defense. Breakthroughs in technology are critical in establishing and maintaining military superiority. Technology innovation strategies enable the U.S. to maintain this superiority by effectively yielding innovation from R&D investment. However, these strategies must evolve within increasing financial pressures, technological complexities, and dynamic geo-political conditions. Through an analysis of the innovation landscape and development of a taxonomy of open innovation, this dissertation shows that emergent open technology innovation strategies (OTIS) have been successfully applied in the commercial sector, and, after analyzing the relevant metrics, establishes that OTIS could be beneficial in secure U.S. Government (USG) R&D environments to enhance technology innovation. A system-level analysis of the complexities endemic to these environments revealed two fundamental challenges: (1) Secrecy Challenge: Secrecy and national security are often conflated. Secrecy can be in tension with innovation, such as when R&D is hampered because specific requirements are obscured for national security reasons. (2) Participation Challenge: Innovation strategies that depend on open collaboration to bring forth the fullest breadth of potential solutions are impeded when regulatory regimes appropriate these innovations in the name of national security without adequately incentivizing participants. This dissertation shows that USG cannot optimize the application of OTIS without addressing these pervasive challenges; high-level change is needed. This dissertation evaluates current approaches by regulatory regimes and uses a combination of legal, policy, and stakeholder analysis to identify opportunities for system-level improvement. This dissertation finds that regulatory regimes should moderate secrecy a) when secrecy is the real interest being protected, and b) if it can be done in a manner that furthers both innovation and national security. In particular, Government agencies tasked with critical innovation must be empowered to do so in a way that thoughtfully balances innovation and national security interests. This dissertation also finds that a system of non-monetary and monetary incentives is needed to prevent short-term national security interests from unintentionally jeopardizing long-term interests. Such system-level change is necessary to ensure sustainable improvement in USG's ability to effectively transition R&D investment into technology innovation to support national security.
by Tina Prabha Srivastava.
Ph. D. in Strategy, Innovation, and Engineering
Unger, Brigitte, i Martin Zagler. "Organizational versus technological determinants of innovation". Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2000. http://epub.wu.ac.at/454/1/document.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Santos, Senise Rita. "Innovation Systems for Sustainability : An empirical analysis of the role of domestic and Swedish MNCs inBrazil's innovation system". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Samhällsplanering och miljö, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118045.
Pełny tekst źródłaRESEARCH FUNDERS
1) Brazilian Agency for Higher Education (CAPES); 2) the ScientificAgency of the Minas Gerais State (FAPEMIG), Brazil. QC 20130211
Ogierman, Adrian [Verfasser]. "Epidemic spreading and information dissemination in technological and social systems / Adrian Ogierman". Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060782995/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaVoida, Amy. "Exploring a Technological Hermeneutic: Understanding the Interpretation of Computer-Mediated Messaging Systems". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24744.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommittee Chair: Elizabeth D. Mynatt; Committee Member: Jay D. Bolter; Committee Member: Rebecca E. Grinter; Committee Member: W. Keith Edwards; Committee Member: Wendy A. Kellogg
Justinia, Taghreed. "Implementing large-scale healthcare information systems : the technological, managerial and behavioural issues". Thesis, Swansea University, 2009. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42224.
Pełny tekst źródłaDemie, Feyisa. "An empirical study of technological change in the Ethiopian highland farming systems". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38283.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Yang. "Models and applications of wireless networks in rural environments". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe research has set up two independent models, one for the economic need and the other for the technical need of building networks in rural areas. One model was the Impact of Telecommunications Model, which disclosed the importance of building a wireless network in specified rural areas by choosing an economic parameter to forecast the profitability of the network. The other was the Service Model, which collected primitive data from given rural areas and abstracted these data by flowing them through four technical layers to form the predicted technical wireless network. Both of the models had been applied to real-world cases to demonstrate how to use them.
A simulation environment was finally designed and implemented to realize the above two models for the sake of instantiation. This environment could simulate the specified rural network by constructing a wireless network on the invented areas and evaluating its quality and economic efficiency. It was written in Scilab simulation language, which was an open source.
Wilson, Andrew. "Water management and usage in Roman North Africa : a social and technological study". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243931.
Pełny tekst źródłaTilière, Guillaume de. "Managing projects with strong technological rupture case of high-speed ground transportation systems /". Lausanne, Switzerland : EPFL, 2002. http://worldcat.org/oclc/50471123/viewonline.
Pełny tekst źródłaPDF document ; contains 333 pages, with illustrations and charts (some col.). "Thèse no. 2568 (2002)." Includes bibliographical references.
Hassanbasry, Andrea. "Case study of technological change process in software upgrades management migrating from Windows-based to Web-based application /". Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001hassanbasrya.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSullivan, Yulia. "Costs and Benefits of Mind Wandering in a Technological Setting: Findings and Implications". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862836/.
Pełny tekst źródłaVodehnal, Stanislav. "Identifikace dostupnosti zařízení v technologických sítích". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377118.
Pełny tekst źródłaHowarth, Nicholas A. A. "The political economy of technological change, energy and climate change". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:96957dc1-2bc8-466f-8963-4a7edbc0569c.
Pełny tekst źródłaMetzler, Florian. "Firms, industries, and technological change : a patent-based approach to studying disruption and disruptors". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122729.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis presents a new empirical approach as well as a new patent-based dataset for studying disruption and technology transition cases. At the core of this approach lies a novel engineering systems framework of technological change. The framework focuses on the relationship between changes in technological competencies and changes in product designs, and encompasses both firm-level and industry-level dynamics. The new framework and dataset are applied to the study of three cases of technology transition during the 1993- 2012 period. The cases include (1) disruption in the mobile phone industry with a focus on Apple, BlackBerry, and Nokia; (2) disruption in the photography industry with a focus on Fujifilm, Canon, and Kodak; and (3) technology transition in the automotive industry with a focus on Toyota, Volkswagen, and GM.
The former two industries comprise widely discussed disruption cases, allowing me to demonstrate advantages of the presented approach and develop novel insights into these cases. The third case, on the automotive industry, generates complementary insights by considering an industry with products comprising more integrated product architectures. The case selection allows for cross-case comparisons to begin endogenizing industry-specific factors. The thesis' main contributions are methodological and theoretical: First, I present a new dataset - and corresponding data assembly methods - of comprehensive corporate patent portfolios. The portfolios take into account each firm's corporate family tree structure as well as acquisitions. As such, the dataset reflects the actual range of firms' codified technological activities more closely than previous efforts and enables a more accurate view on how technological change manifests in firms and industries.
To connect the data to theory, I develop a set of novel metrics to operationalize semantic concepts such as technological diversification and concentration of portfolios as well as firms' technological core and growth competencies. These metrics are based on a newly developed variance measure for hierarchically structured networks. I define growth competencies as competencies that undergo rapid year-to-year growth outside of a firm's core competencies. By identifying incumbents' growth competencies from historical data before major transitions, I am able to successfully hindcast future new entrants in the cases presented. Further, I introduce the concepts of technology space and product space as mappings of compositions of technological competencies and of technological competencies required by compositions of products. Second, the thesis makes theoretical contributions to resource-based view (RBV) and disruption literatures.
Specifically, it presents a dynamic extension to the RBV, endogenizing technological change as well as firm-industry interconnections with regard to the emergence of technology convergences and the evolution of product designs. My findings suggest that a firm's relative position and movement in technology space needs to be considered separately from its position and movement in product space, i.e. its changing composition of competencies and its changing composition of products. Specifically, whereas firms' movements in product space can appear abrupt and even surprising - such as the sudden entry into new markets - my analysis shows that changes in technology space tend to be slower, more continuous, and more predictable.
I find that in disruption cases such as with Apple's sudden "entry" into the mobile phone industry, the new framework reveals that it was in fact the mobile phone industry that gradually "entered" Apple's position in technology space - as the technological requirements of phone industry products became more and more similar to Apple's preexisting, and highly stable, competencies. Moreover, I extend the concept of technology-product connections, as put forth statically by RBV theorists, by adding a time-dependent dimension. I argue that incumbent failure - such as Nokia's and Kodak's - can be explained by incumbents' inability to diagnose and respond to the gradual weakening of their technology-product connections; in other words, by neglecting to either adjust their technological competencies or to adjust their product offerings in response to technological change.
In turn, a firm with greater awareness of its own composition of technological competencies relative to its competitors as well as the changing technological requirements of prevalent product designs can deliberately incorporate such insights into strategic decision-making. In the empirical cases, I observe the ability to sense dynamics in technology and product spaces relative to the firm, and the ability to time the firm's actions accordingly, to be more present in some firms than in others. I term the existence of such abilities timing and sensing capabilities and propose them to be a concrete and operationalizable subset of Dynamic Capabilities.
by Florian Metzler.
Ph. D. in Engineering Systems
Ph.D.inEngineeringSystems Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society
Samuel, Petra. "Strategies for Integrating Technological Innovations in Small Businesses". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3834.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeon, Nick. "Complex city systems : how cities are using technological systems to transform and compete in a global knowledge based economy". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11516.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarope, Tumisang. "Future technological factors affecting unmanned aircraft systems (UAS):a South African perspective towards 2025". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/2939.
Pełny tekst źródłaBroos, Elizabeth. "Information, communication and technological competencies in a digital working environment a case study in the Netherlands Defence Organization /". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06182008-115804/.
Pełny tekst źródłaTychkov, V. V., R. V. Trembovetskaya i T. Yu Kisil. "The Flow-Injection Device for Remaining Chlorine in Technological Water". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46371.
Pełny tekst źródłaRAHMAN, SHAHNUR. "Visual Perception in Autonomous Vehicles". Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189346.
Pełny tekst źródłaDen mänskliga faktorn står för nio av tio utav alla trafikolyckor, och eftersom att allt fler fordon kommer ut på vägarna så leder det till att olycksantalet ökar. På grund av detta så har olika automatiserade funktioner applicerats i fordonet för att undvika den mänskliga faktorn i körningen. Denna utveckling har accelererat och fordon som ska kunna utföra hela det dynamiska framförandet utan mänsklig assistans har börjat utvecklas i olika projekt runt om i världen. Dock så har det autonoma fordonet många barriärer kvar att övervinna, för säkert framförande, varav en av dessa barriärer är fordonets förmåga att visuellt uppfatta omgivningen. Dels genom att något kan täcka kamerasensorerna men även att kunna omsätta det sensorerna uppfattar till något värdefullt för passageraren. Situationen skulle dock kunna förbättras om trådlös kommunikation gjordes tillgänglig för det autonoma fordonet. Istället för att försöka uppfatta omgivningen via kamerasensorer, skulle det autonoma fordonet kunna få den information som behövs via trådlös kommunikation, vilket är vad denna studie behandlade. Studien visade att trådlös kommunikation kommer att ha en betydelse för det autonoma fordonet i framtiden. Slutsatsen grundar sig på att trådlös kommunikation varit en lösning inom andra transportsystem som haft en liknande barriär som för det autonoma fordonet. Man planerar dessutom på att hantera det autonoma fordonets barriär via trådlös kommunikation i pilotprojekt i dagsläget
Mthupha, Bokang. "A framework for the development and measurement of agile enterprise architecture". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002777.
Pełny tekst źródłaSARASKETA, ZABALA ELIXABET. "Technological and economic evaluation of district cooling with absorption cooling systems in Gävle (Sweden)". Thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för energi- och maskinteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4762.
Pełny tekst źródłaLangels, Hanna, i Fredrik Gannedahl. "BiFacial PV Systems : A technological and financial comparison between BiFacial and standard PV panels". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353708.
Pełny tekst źródłaMeissner, Nathan Joseph. "Technological Systems of Small Point Weaponry of the Postclassic Lowland Maya (A.D. 1400 - 1697)". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/961.
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