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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Gulyaev, Sergei A., i Tim J. Natusch. "Collaboration and development of radio-astronomy in Australasia and the South-Pacific region: New Zealand perspectives". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, SPS5 (sierpień 2006): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307006886.
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AbstractAs a result of collective efforts of an Australian–New Zealand VLBI team, the first New Zealand VLBI system was developed, and a series of test observations between New Zealand and Australia conducted. The equipment and techniques used to conduct New Zealand's first VLBI observations are discussed and results of work in Australia and New Zealand to obtain fringes and the image of the source (PKS1921-231) are presented. The road map for New Zealand radio-astronomy as well as New Zealand involvement in the SKA is discussed.
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Kvasnytsya, O. M. "Standard and semi-standard plays in competition activity of leading rugby-15 national teams". Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), nr 12(158) (30.12.2022): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.12(158).13.
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The present article analyzes the results of pedagogical survey and contrastive analysis of competition activity among national teams participating in Rugby-15 Championship 2022 season. It should be noted that the analysis of indices of competition activity at the championship using provided data will help supplement, expand, and substantiate current knowledge in the issue discussed. Indices of competition activity of rugby teams officially approved by the International Rugby Board, IRB were used in our research. Namely, the paper focuses on indices of standard (scrums and line-outs) and semi-standard plays (rucks, mauls) of New Zealand, South African Republic, Argentina, Australia national teams.
By the results of analysis of statistical data, it has been revealed that players of national team New Zealand prevailed over their opponents by indices of competition activity, successful scrums and line-outs; players of national teams South African Republic slightly prevailed by indices of rucks and mauls. However, by the most important index as assumed by us, namely the number of successful tackles of ball carrier, team New Zealand also prevailed.
Having analyzed the indices of competition activity, namely standard and semi-standard plays in Championship 2022 season we may state that rugby players of national team New Zealand prevail in three out of five indices of competition activity in rugby-15: more successful than other in scrums (87.5%); more successful on line-outs (88.5%); led by the important index of competition activity – tackling of a ball carrier (88.6%). At the same time, the best percentage of successful rucks and mauls was shown by players of South African Republic (94% and 92.3% respectively). According to this, better results of competition activity indices of national team New Zealand undoubtedly influenced on final general result at the aforementioned Championship.
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Maani, Kambiz, i Campbell Benton. "Rapid team learning: Lessons from team New Zealand America's cup campaign". Organizational Dynamics 27, nr 4 (marzec 1999): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0090-2616(99)90029-3.
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Finlayson, Mary, i Antony Raymont. "Teamwork general practitioners and practice nurses working together in New Zealand". Journal of Primary Health Care 4, nr 2 (2012): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc12150.
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INTRODUCTION: Teamwork in primary health care has been encouraged in New Zealand and in the international literature. It may improve work satisfaction for staff, and satisfaction and outcomes for patients. Teamwork may be classified as being multi-, inter- or transdisciplinary and is likely to be influenced by the nature of the work and the organisational context. AIM: To describe and analyse teamwork between general practitioners and practice nurses in New Zealand. METHODS: Data were drawn from a survey of general practices and from interviews with primary health care staff and management. RESULTS: Doctors and nurses in general practice in New Zealand see themselves as a team. Evidence suggests that the nature of the work and the business context most often leads to a multidisciplinary style of teamwork. Some providers have adopted a more intense teamwork approach, often when serving more disadvantaged populations or in caring for those with chronic illnesses. DISCUSSION: Concepts of teamwork differ. This article provides a classification of teams and suggests that most general practice teams are multidisciplinary. It is hoped that this will help personnel to communicate their expectations of a team and encourage progressive team development where it would be of value. KEYWORDS: Teamwork; primary care; practice nurses; general practitioners
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Davies, Chris. "From Munich to Christchurch: International Sport and the Threat of Terrorism". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 52, nr 3 (23.05.2022): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v52i3.7581.
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The 1972 Munich Olympic Games is remembered for the terrorist attack which resulted in 11 members of the Israeli team being killed. It highlighted that sporting events and teams can be targeted by terrorists due to the high media profile that major sporting events attract. Since this time, high level security has been an important organising consideration for the Olympic Games, something that has increased since the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001. Other sporting teams, namely the Togo national football team and the Sri Lanka national cricket team, have likewise been targeted. The international aspect of many sports requires extensive touring to other countries, and this has resulted in various touring teams being in places that have been terrorist targets, as the New Zealand national cricket team experienced in Pakistan. New Zealand is not a region of the world prone to terrorism problems, but the March 15 attack on a Christchurch mosque could have led to loss of life amongst the touring Bangladesh national cricket team. No region or country is free from potential terrorist attacks involving sporting teams.
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Brunsdon, Dave, Jitendra Bothara, Mike Stannard, Dick Beetham, Roger Brown, Clark Hyland, Warren Lewis, Scott Miller, Rebecca Sanders i Yakso Sulistio. "Building safety evaluation following the 30 September 2009 Padang earthquake, Indonesia". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 43, nr 3 (30.09.2010): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.43.3.174-181.
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A ten-member team of engineers was deployed by NZAID and the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering to assist Indonesian local and provincial agencies with rapid structural assessments of earthquake-affected buildings in and around Padang. This was the first time that a team of New Zealand engineers had been operationally deployed outside the Pacific region following a major earthquake.
An accompanying paper describes the earthquake and its impacts, and the general observations of the team. This paper outlines the experiences of a team of 10 New Zealand structural engineers deployed on a volunteer basis for two weeks to undertake the deployment process, the arrangements that the team operated under in Padang, the tasks undertaken and the outputs and outcomes achieved. The lessons for building safety evaluation processes in New Zealand are also presented, along with the resulting enhancements to arrangements.
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Ibrahim, Khairil Izam, Seosamh B. Costello i Suzanne Wilkinson. "Establishment of Performance Scales for Team Integration Assessment". Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building - Conference Series 2, nr 2 (14.04.2014): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb-cs.v2i2.3887.
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The increased use of the alliance model in recent years highlights the importance of integration practice among multi-disciplinary teams, as it promotes a collaborative culture and the continuity of equitable relationships to improve project performance. If continuous improvement in project alliances is to be achieved through the use of integrated teams, then a means of assessing how well teams integrate and how team integration changes over time, needs to be introduced. In response to that need, an Alliance Team Integration Performance Index (ATIPI) has been developed as part of a wider study to develop an assessment tool for team integration in road construction alliance projects in New Zealand. In this paper, a set of Key Indicators (KIs) of team integration practice and the Quantitative Measures (QMs) for each KI are first introduced and then, in order to enhance the associated ATIPI model, the establishment of scales for the performance levels, namely ‘poor’, ‘average’, ‘good’, ‘very good’ and ‘excellent’, for each KI are described. The establishment of performance scales will help ensure that the assessment of team integration practice is quantified in a consistent and objective manner. Keywords: Alliance, Assessment, New Zealand, Performance Scales, Team Integration
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Wood, Yvonne Irene, Arno Sturny, Lindsay Neill, Alan Brown i Renny Aprea. "The “New World” and international pâtisserie competition". British Food Journal 117, nr 4 (2.04.2015): 1226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-12-2013-0375.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the New Zealand Junior Pastry Team negotiated the rigours of international competition at the 2013 Junior Pastry World Cup in Rimini, Italy and how what was learnt from this experience holds relevance to creative hospitality practice and business application. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses an inductive qualitative enquiry to illuminate the narratives and subjective experiences of the competition team. Structured and semi-structured interview data responses were themed using an open coding system. This data were critically evaluated against both competition data, participant experience and relevant academic literature. Findings – This paper shows how the team’s desire to highlight its national identity through food in the competition resulted in problematic experiences that were compounded by a tyranny of distance. However, these challenges were overcome through the creative dynamic the team developed and the networking benefits which the competition provided. These experiences added value not only to the team competitors but also the culinary and pastry practitioners in New Zealand’s hospitality community. Originality/value – The research offers unique insights into how a representative pastry team from the “New World” negotiated international competition set in and heavily influenced by the “Old World” of culinary tradition. The paper’s findings could be of use to other novice competition teams. The work also links the importance of international culinary competition to wider constructs of hospitality, such as business advantage in commercial hospitality.
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Editor. "Notes on earthquake insurance in California and New Zealand". Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 19, nr 4 (31.12.1986): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.19.4.251-254.
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On the initiative of the Earthquake and War Damage Commission a team was organised to study the recovery from the earthquake which devastated Mexico City on 19 September 1985. Earthquake preparedness and underwriting in California was also researched. There were five members in the team and they were – Mr. Milton Allwood, Secretary of the Earthquake and War Damage Commission; Mr. Derek Scott, representing the Insurance Council of New Zealand; Mr. Ken Grieve, representing the Institute of Loss Adjusters of New Zealand (Inc); Mr. Edward Latter, National Director of Civil Defence; Mr. Don Currie, representing the Accident Compensation Corporation. The following extract on earthquake insurance is taken from one of the reports by the team.
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Fleischman, Robert B., José I. Restrepo, Joseph R. Maffei i Kim Seeber. "Preview of PCI’s New Zealand earthquake reconnaissance team report". PCI Journal 57, nr 1 (1.01.2012): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.01012012.42.46.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Ryan, Greg. ""The Originals" : the 1888-89 New Zealand native football team in Britain, Australia and New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of History, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4666.
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This thesis operates on two levels. Firstly, it is an account
of the ongInS, composition and experiences of the
predominantly Maori New Zealand Native football team in
Britain, Australia and New Zealand during 1888-89. Secondly,
it uses the main themes and incidents of the tour as a basis to
examine some aspects of the interaction between race, class,
imperialism and sport during the late nineteenth century -
both within Britain and in her colonies. Patterns emerge which
question existing interpretations as to the diffusion and
strength of an elite British ethos which linked sport to higher
social and political ideals and to the maintenance of imperial
objectives.
The thesis IS divided into SIX chapters. The first two trace
the composition of the team, motives for the tour and initial
responses to it in New Zealand. The wider focus is on a set of
colonial aspirations which saw the tour as having an important
bearing, positive or otherwise, on British perception of the
fledgling New Zealand colony. Points are also raised
concermng the relationship between Maori and European in this
process. Chapters three, four and five, covering the tour of
Britain, are primarily based around a dichotomy between elite
and working class interests which is revealed in contrasting responses to a predominantly Maori team and to its behaviour
both on and off the sports field. An assessment is made of the
suspect motives of those who controlled and financed the tour,
and comparisons are also made with the 1868 Aboriginal
cricket team to Britain. The final chapter and Conclusion
challenge standard interpretations of the Native team and
consider its wider value as an indicator of new perspectives
on the study of sports history.
Research is based very largely on newspaper sources. More
than seventy publications, both metropolitan and provincial,
have been consulted in Britain, Australia and New Zealand.
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Cleary, Paul. "Determinants of inter-partner learning in an alliance between a national sporting organisation and a professional sport franchise". Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/675.
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This research explores the determinants of inter-partner learning in alliances. The potential for organisations to learn from their alliance partner is well recognised in the literature. The Knowledge Based View of the Firm (KBV) posits that an organisation’s knowledge base, especially its tacit knowledge base, is a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Three key determinants of inter-partner learning are: intent to learn, transparency (i.e. willingness to share knowledge) and receptivity (i.e. capacity to learn). These three concepts are used to guide a single case study of an alliance between a National Sport Organisation (NSO) and a Professional Sport Franchise (PSF). Data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with key informants at both organisations. Each individual transcript was colour coded in relation to each of the four research questions. All relevant quotes were then copied into separate files for each organisation and categorised by research question. The results of the study suggest that 1) despite historical conflict, the relationship between alliance partners is becoming increasingly positive; 2) intent to learn was low in both organisations but higher in the NSO; 3) the NSO was more transparent than the PSF; and 4) receptivity was low for both organisations. Key conclusions of the research are that the NSO and PSF are failing to take full advantage of the opportunities presented by their relationship, but intent, transparency and receptivity remain useful concepts to explore inter-partner learning.
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Griggs, James. "An evaluation of the Team-Teach behaviour support training programme in New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Educational Studies and Human Development, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5981.
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This thesis investigates the implementation of the ‘Team-Teach’ behaviour support training programme in New Zealand. This school-wide training package develops generalised skills in behaviour management and de-escalation for students who are exhibiting extreme and violent behaviour. The Team-Teach framework also provides training in physical interventions that are designed for use in schools, and with children. The legal issues associated with the use of physical intervention are also addressed during the training in addition to recommended best practice for the development of policies and procedures. Prior evidence suggests that behaviour support training with a physical intervention overlay can result in increased confidence and safety for staff members and a reduction in the levels of physical intervention and incidents.
The purpose of this study was to investigate participant opinion of Team-Teach training immediately after course delivery and further into implementation in addition to an investigation into the barriers and facilitating factors affecting the impact of Team-Teach within two New Zealand special schools.
The research employs a mixed method pragmatic paradigm utilising document analysis, questionnaire and interview survey to ascertain the impact and implementation issues related to Team-Teach training. Quantitative analysis of course feedback ratings and attitudinal scales were combined with the qualitative thematic analysis of written comments and interview transcripts to inform the discussion.
The results present a positive endorsement of Team-Teach training both immediately after the training course and further into implementation and compare favourably with the findings of previous international studies. Research participants reported a significant increase in personal confidence and a perceived reduction in incidences of extreme behaviour and physical intervention. The perceptions of research participants to initial training in New Zealand varied considerably between training providers and there were also notable differences between groups in different work roles and with different levels of experience. Research participants expressed concern over the lack of adaptation of the Team-Teach syllabus to embrace the New Zealand context.
Research participants endorsed use of the ‘positive handling plan’ (PHP) as a way to legitimatise and standardise practice in difficult situations. It was however clear that neither school had developed genuine parental partnerships in either the creation or effective communication of these plans. There was a general agreement that parents should be able to access Team-Teach training but significant concerns were highlighted over how this could be achieved in practice.
Research participants endorsed the Team-Teach model of training ‘in-house’ tutors to provide contextual and responsive internal capacity. There was a general agreement that the physical interventions taught were effective and appropriate for use with children. Participants clearly expressed concerns related to the teaching of too many physical interventions that were not required and recommended that training in physical interventions should be in class teams and specific to actual need.
There was a clear indication that research participants believed this training should receive official recognition at the highest level as an acknowledgement that physical intervention is sometimes necessary in schools and that there is a legitimate way to achieve this.
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Chung, Fei. "Case studies of inter-disciplinary team practices for children with high and complex needs in Aotearoa New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3798.
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The use of multidisciplinary team approach has become one of the preferred service
deliveries to help children and young people with high and complex needs. However,
there has been little empirical research in this area, particularly within the New
Zealand context. Further, a common problem in the existing studies is the use of
subjective rating scales or self reports to collect data. Therefore the aim of this study
is to describe the team processes of three intersectoral teams in the New Zealand High
and Complex Needs Unit using objective data collection method, as well as exploring
particular issues associated with the three teams. Valid instruments were developed in
order to record the meeting behaviour as frequency tally and the participants were
interviewed to seek their views on the issues associated with their team. The results
suggested that the teams engaged in positive team behaviour 82% to 93% of the
meeting duration and negative meeting behaviour were observed during 2% to 5% of
the meeting times. Further, the teams spent just under half of the meeting time in
proposing and discussing goals and strategies. The teams were able to reach decisions
and distributed responsibilities in less than 6 minutes. More than half of the
participants had positive attitudes towards collaborative work and considered the team
meetings as an effective mechanism for problem-solving and plan evaluation. The
facilitators and the barriers identified in this study are consistent with the literature.
Implications for future practice and research are discussed.
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Dent, Jessica. "The physiological and molecular response to repeated sprints in male and female team-sport athletes : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Sport and Exercise Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand". Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1034.
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Background: Due to the unique demands of the sport, athletes playing football perform a variety of differing training methods to improve physiological performance. These include strength, endurance and sprint training. While the effects of strength and endurance training have been well researched, the effects of repeated-sprint training on blood and muscle variables in well trained males and females are not well known. An understanding of changes to the blood and muscle during and following an exercise bout are important, so to gain an understanding of the type of stress and resulting adaptations that may occur. Also, while a large volume of research in training adaptations has been performed on males; little has been done on females. To date, some research indicates metabolism during moderateintensity exercise may differ between males and females; however, no study has compared repeated-sprint exercise. Therefore, it is unclear as to whether males and females would have a differing physiological response to repeated-sprint training. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a repeated-sprint bout on molecular signalling in muscle and blood measures and heart rate in well-trained footballers. Additionally, we compared running times and sprint decrement (%). Research Design: Eight female senior University football players (Mean ± SD, age, 19 ± 1 y, VO ? 2peak 53.0 ± 5.1 ml·kg-1min-1) and seven male senior University football players (Mean ± SD, age, 19 ± 3 y, VO ? 2peak 59.0 ± 6.6 ml·kg-1min-1) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants performed four bouts of 6 x 30 m maximal sprints spread equally over a 40 min period. Sprint time was measured (at 30 m) for each sprint and sprint decrement was also calculated for all bouts. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle at rest, 15 min following exercise and 2 h into recovery. Venous blood samples were taken at the same time points as the biopsies while capillary blood lactate was measured at rest and 3 min following each sprint bout. Repeated measures ANOVA and Post hoc t-tests were performed to determine significant differences between the two groups (male vs. female) and time points. Findings: Both groups had a significant (P<0.05) increase in blood lactate (mM) after the first bout of repeated sprints, with no differences between females (pre 0.9 ± 0.4 mM – post 10.0 ± 1.6 mM) and males (pre 0.8 ± 0.3 mM – post 10.0 ± 3.5 mM). Blood lactate remained elevated compared to rest (P<0.05) following bouts 2, 3 and 4 for both females (12.0 ± 3.6, 12.0 ± 3.3, 12.2 ± 3.8 mM respectively) and males (11.9 ± 2.9, 11.6 ± 2.3, 11.5 ± 4.0 mM respectively), with no differences between groups or time points (P>0.05). There were no differences (P>0.05) between the female and male athletes in mean heart rate attained at the end of each bout of repeated sprints (187 ± 2 v 190 ± 2 bpm respectively) or during recovery between sprints (140 ± 2 v 130 ± 2 bpm respectively). There were no differences between groups or time points in blood insulin (P>0.05). Fastest 30 m sprint time and mean 30 m sprint time during the repeated-sprint bout was faster for the males than females (4.58 ± 0.12 v 5.26 ± 0.27 s respectively; (P>0.05)). However, there were no differences in running velocity during the sprints between the males and females (165 ± 0.4 % vs. 155 ± 0.05 %; P>0.05) when expressed relative to velocity at VO ? 2peak (vVO ? 2peak). Also, mean % decrement during the repeated-sprint bout was lower in the males then females (4.9 ± 1.3 v 7.1 ± 1.9 % respectively; P<0.05). No changes were observed in total or phosphorylated Akt at any time-point or between genders. However, while total 4E-BP1 was lower, the ratio of total to phosphoryalated 4E-BP1 at rest was greater in males than females (P<0.05). Finally, there was also a significant decrease in 4E-BP1 phosphorylation post-exercise in males (P<0.05), but not females. Conclusions: There were no sex differences in blood lactate or heart rate throughout the repeated-sprint bout. These findings suggest that there were no cardio respiratory or lactate production/clearance differences in the response to a repeated-sprint-training bout between sexes. However, while males were faster than their female counterparts, the average relative speed was similar between sexes, suggesting a similar relative volume of work was performed during the sprint bouts. However, the females did have a greater decrement in sprint performance indicating a greater ability to recover sprint performance in the males. Sex differences in resting total and phosphorylated 4E-BP1 may indicate greater potential for muscle growth in the male athletes during basal conditions. However, differences could be due to factors other than sex, including previous training history. There was a lack of change in plasma insulin or Akt, but, similar to resistance exercise, a significant decrease in post-exercise 4E-BP1 phosphorylation for the males, but not females. The sex differences in the 4E-BP1 phosphorylation response post-exercise could be due to differences in the metabolic disturbance in the muscle during and following maximal sprints. Keywords: blood lactate, heart rate, muscle
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Spence, Emily. "Late cochlear implanted adults with prelingual deafness in Southern New Zealand: exploring their long-term needs". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10864.
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Background: To date, there is a lack of research that has focused on the needs of late cochlear implanted adults with prelingual deafness. The specific study aims were: (1) to explore the met and unmet long-term needs of late cochlear implanted adults with prelingual deafness from their own perspectives and those of the employees at SCIP; and 2) to identify a consensus of the most important met and unmet long-term needs of late cochlear implanted adults with prelingual deafness.
Method: This study used a modified Delphi technique with two rounds. In the first round, nine adults who were considered experts on this topic participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews. The participants were five late cochlear implanted recipients with prelingual deafness who were involved in the Southern Cochlear Implant Programme in New Zealand, and four clinicians from the programme. The interview transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results from the first round were used to inform the development of the survey for the second round. The second round of the study involved surveying the same participants who participated in the first round. These surveys were quantitatively analysed so as to discover which needs were considered important and met, and important and unmet for the cochlear implant recipients, from the perspectives of the two categories of participants.
Results: The first round of the study revealed 42 met needs and 39 unmet needs that fell into 15 categories. Of these needs, 26 met needs and 18 unmet needs were identified as being important by a majority of the participants in the second round.
Conclusion: The results from the study may impact potential CI recipients’ and their families’ expectations of what the device can provide, as well as the development of future services and governmental policies in the area.
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Hayakawa, Sumiyo. "Efficacy of Secondary Level Short Term Study Abroad Programmes between Japan and New Zealand : The Case Study of Darfield High School". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Japanese, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10245.
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International education has been a growing trend globally over the past thirty years. Since the late 1980s, the popularity of study abroad programme amongst Japanese students has also seen a significant increase following the international education trend.
A more recent trend in international education has been the development of shorter term study abroad programmes and the value of these programmes has been widely recognised in Japan. In response to Japanese government initiatives, Japanese secondary schools have developed short-term programmes in order to develop students’ international awareness. As a result, a large number of Japanese high school students have participated in a short-term study abroad programme in the last 20 years.
Japan and New Zealand have a long history of sister school relationships. By 2012, 191 Japanese high schools had established sister school relationships, and these school links have provided the impetus for exchange programmes; which means that many Japanese high school students visit New Zealand schools to study in short-term programmes (for less than 3 months) or longer.
Several scholars have investigated the learners’ outcomes of the short-term study abroad of university students. From their studies, it has been established that the main learning objectives of study abroad programmes, are second language acquisition, intercultural competence and personal development. However, little is yet known about the outcomes of younger students who have participated in short-term programmes; only a few attempts have so far been made to analyse the case of Japanese secondary school students’ short-term programmes, and few still refer specifically to programmes in New Zealand.
One of my main objectives was to determine a) what were the objectives of Japanese secondary students to participation in a short-term study abroad programme in New Zealand, b) whether they feel satisfied that their objectives have been. Also, as other researchers mentioned, could benefits such as second language acquisition, intercultural competence and personal development be claimed by secondary schools participating in these programmes – specifically the Darfield High School short-term programme that is my case study.
In order to do this, I conducted two surveys with four different groups of Japanese secondary school students who visited Darfield High School from 2009 to 2012 as a case study.
The findings suggest that many Japanese secondary school students expected to improve their English conversation skills, but they did not feel much improvement in this area after the programme, however, upon reflection, after the programme, students recognised that they had gained far more than they had expected in a general sense. For example, many participants expected to learn about some of the aspects of New Zealand culture as a result of the programme and indeed many students felt that they accomplished this objective, in addition to learning more about their own culture.
It is anticipated that the results of my research will assist those who organise study abroad programmes, assist students to maximise their learning, and benefit organisations who host students from overseas.
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Palmgren, Rikard. "Reconstructing the Long-Term Mass Balance of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand, Using a Degree-Day Approach". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324325.
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Varmare klimat är något som kontinuerligt påverkar glaciärer planeten över och har under det senaste århundrandet vidtagit en global ökning av negativa massbalanser. Denna trend kan bidra till variationer i havsnivån och orsaka problem med översvämningar över hela världen. Övervakning och observation av världens glaciärer är därför väldigt viktigt och genom att skapa modeller som tillåter insyn i glaciärernas respons till atmosfärisk fluktuation går det att åstadkomma en djupare förståelse för hur den globala uppvärmningen kommer att utvecklas. I detta projektet återskapas massbalansen för Brewster Glacier, Nya Zeeland, för perioden 2005 – 2015 genom tillämpning av graddagar. Modellen har försetts med data från ett nyligen genomfört nedskalningsprojekt som har producerat atmosfäriska data för perioden 1979 – 2015 vilket tillåter modellen att köras. Resultaten som presenteras kommer att bidra till större inblick i graddags-modellen om huruvida tillvägagångssättet att använda enkel temperatur- och nederbördsdata är tillförlitligt för att porträttera massbalansen för glaciärer.Warmer climate is something that is continuously affecting glaciers across the planet and has during the last century gained a global increase in negative mass balances. This trend has contributed to sea-level rise and had other impacts on water resources. Monitoring and observing the worlds glaciers is therefore very important and by creating models that allows insight in the glacier response to atmospheric fluctuation, it is possible to obtain deeper knowledge on how the global warming will develop. In this project, the mass balance of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand, is reconstructed for the period 2005 – 2015 using a degree-day approach. The input for the model has been obtained from a recent downscaling project that has produced atmospheric data over the period 1979 – 2015 that allows the model to run at a daily temporal resolution. The results presented are going to contribute to a greater insight in the degree-day model as to whether the approach of using simple air temperature and precipitation data are reliable to portray the mass balance of glaciers.
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Leslie, Samuel Richard. "Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering Management, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122.
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XLam New Zealand Limited is the first company in New Zealand to manufacture Cross Laminated Timber (CLT); structural timber panels used for roof, floor and wall diaphragms in commercial and residential buildings. Commissioning of the factory began in April 2012, but it is not yet fully complete. The panels are currently being produced discretely rather than in a production line, and some plant is yet to be installed.
It is important that procedures and control documents are implemented from the beginning in a new factory. This Project provides these, as well as recommendations to improve the long term production of CLT in New Zealand by developing:
1. A Quality Assurance (QA) Framework for the CLT manufacturing process.
2. A CLT Design Guide to aid engineers and architects in structural design using CLT.
3. A Health and Safety Framework to control hazards and develop a culture of health and safety within the factory.
4. A 10 year financial forecast model to analyse possible future expansion options for XLam.
This Project has been prepared in partial fulfilment of the 2012 Master of Engineering Management (MEM) degree at the University of Canterbury – ENMG 606: Project.
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Wang, Xiaofeng. "A Matter of Choice- Tertiary Student Term Time Employment: An Investigation of New Zealand Domestic and Chinese International Students". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5323.
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Term time employment of tertiary students has increased dramatically following funding policy changes in the global Higher Education sector. Taking a comparative approach, this study of students at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, investigates the decision to work during the academic term, the characteristics of such employment, and the perceived impacts on the university experiences of New Zealand domestic and Chinese international students.
The study revealed similarities and differences between the two largest student populations. Compared to their New Zealand peers, Chinese international students are less likely to take term time employment. Among those who have worked, New Zealand domestic students do so for financial reasons, while Chinese international students value the work experience in the host country. Chinese international students receive much lower wages and tend to have shorter employment durations. In terms of perceived impacts, both New Zealand domestic and Chinese international students express a generally positive attitude towards their employment decisions, with a limited but clear awareness of the negative impacts. Interestingly, for those who have never worked, Chinese international students indicate a much stronger willingness to join the student workforce in the future. New Zealand domestic students, however, are much less likely to work if they can afford not to.
This research provides empirical information about international students’ term time employment in the New Zealand context. Specific advice and mentoring services are needed at both university and government levels to provide ‘a more safe and supportive’ employment environment, especially for international students.
Książki na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Don, Brown. Cooperative learning in New Zealand schools. Palmerston North, N.Z: Dunmore Press, 2000.
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Group, Penguin. Rugby World Cup 2011 team guide, New Zealand 2011. Auckland, N.Z: Penguin Group, 2011.
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Hadlee, Richard. Hadlee hits out. Auckland: Horsham House, 2014.
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Howitt, Bob. All Black magic: 100 years of New Zealand test rugby. Auckland [N.Z.]: HarperSports, 2003.
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Harding, Grant. Toughest of them all: New Zealand and South Africa : the struggle for rugby supremacy. Auckland, N.Z: Penguin Books, 2000.
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Mulholland, Malcolm. Beneath the Mā̄ori moon: An illustrated history of Māori rugby. Wellington, N.Z: Huia, 2009.
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Scherer, Jay. Globalization, sport and corporate nationalism: The new cultural economy of the New Zealand All Blacks. New York: Peter Lang, 2010.
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Charles, Waldegrave, i Just Therapy Team. New Zealand., red. Just therapy: A journey : a collection of papers from the Just Therapy Team New Zealand. Adelaide: Dulwich Centre Publications, 2003.
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Scherer, Jay. Globalization, sport and corporate nationalism: The new cultural economy of the New Zealand All Blacks. New York: Peter Lang, 2010.
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Jones, Stacey. Stacey Jones: Keeping the faith. Auckland, N.Z: Hodder Moa Beckett, 2002.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Pimenta, Ricardo Milheiro, i Richard L. Light. "The contribution of positive relationships to girls wellbeing in a New Zealand school basketball team". W Sport in Aotearoa New Zealand, 159–70. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003034445-14.
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Sturm, Damion, Tom Kavanagh i Robert E. Rinehart. "They are not ‘Team New Zealand' or the ‘New Zealand' Warriors! An exploration of pseudo-nationalism in New Zealand sporting franchises". W Sport and Nationalism, 181–97. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032680163-13.
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Flood, Brenda, Daniel O’Brien i Marion Jones. "Interprofessional Health Care Team Challenge: A New Zealand Perspective". W Leading Research and Evaluation in Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice, 267–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53744-7_14.
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Winter, Stephen, i Chris Jones. "Tear it up? Challenging the Charter". W Magna Carta and New Zealand, 255–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58439-3_13.
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Dayé, Christian, Armin Spök, Andrew C. Allan, Tomiko Yamaguchi i Thorben Sprink. "Social Acceptability of Cisgenic Plants: Public Perception, Consumer Preferences, and Legal Regulation". W Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences, 43–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10721-4_3.
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AbstractPart of the rationale behind the introduction of the term cisgenesis was the expectation that due to the “more natural” character of the genetic modification, cisgenic plants would be socially more acceptable than transgenic ones. This chapter assesses whether this expectation was justified. It thereby addresses three arenas of social acceptability: public perception, consumer preferences, and legal regulation. Discussing and comparing recent studies from four geographical areas across the globe—Europe, North America, Japan, and Australia and New Zealand—the chapter shows that the expectation was justified, and that cisgenic plants are treated as being more acceptable than other forms of genetic modification. Yet, there are considerable differences across the three arenas of social acceptability. In Australia, Canada, and the United States of America, the legal regulation of cisgenic plants is less restrictive than in Europe, Japan, and New Zealand. Also, the public perceptions are rather diverse across these countries, as are the factors that are deemed most influential in informing public opinion and consumer decisions. While people in North America appear to be most interested in individual benefits of the products (improved quality, health aspects), Europeans are more likely to accept cisgenic plants and derived products if they have a proven environmental benefit. In New Zealand, in contrast, the potential impact of cisgenic plants on other, more or less related markets, like meat export and tourism, is heavily debated. We conclude with some remarks about a possible new arrangement between science and policy that may come about with a new, or homogenized, international regulatory regime.
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Bradbeer, Chris. "The Enactment of Teacher Collaboration in Innovative Learning Environments: A Case Study of Spatial and Pedagogical Structuration". W Teacher Transition into Innovative Learning Environments, 47–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7497-9_5.
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AbstractImplicit within the design of many Innovative Learning Environments (ILEs) in New Zealand primary schools is the intention of a group of co-located teachers working together with an ‘up-scaled’ community of students. To some these socio-spatial settings are suggestive of pedagogical and spatial freedom, of high levels of professional and student agency, and a transformation away from routines established in previous traditional classroom environments. The shift into ILEs may therefore encourage possibilities for novel approaches, the utilisation of individual strengths and opportunities for teachers to determine together how facets of learning, time and space are organised. However, the level of structure required by teams to successfully and collaboratively achieve this presents as a complex, and time-consuming task, with teachers often finding themselves in a space between practicality and potential. This paper draws on observational and interview data from one primary school ILE—part of a wider case study of teacher collaboration in six New Zealand schools. It considers the role of pedagogical and organisational structures alongside levels of autonomy experienced by teachers on adapting to new spaces. The findings indicate that while the occupation and ongoing inhabitation of Innovative Learning Environments may well present opportunities for teachers, tensions may be felt between predominating or created structures, and aspired or idealised practice.
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Manoharan, V., P. Loganathan i R. W. Tillman. "Effects of long-term application of phosphate fertilisers on soil acidity under pasture in New Zealand". W Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH: Principles and Management, 85–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0221-6_11.
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Ranzi, Gianluca, Graziano Leoni, Luigino Dezi, Alejandro Pérez Caldentey, John Hewitt, Javier Jordán, Raymond Ian Gilbert i in. "Design specifications for the time-dependent behaviour of composite steel-concrete structures". W Time-dependent behaviour and design of composite steel-concrete structures, 111–36. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed018.ch6.
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<p>This chapter deals with the long-term behaviour of composite members and structures used for building and bridge applications and provides a review of the relevant international serviceability limit state design methodologies, with particular focus given to the European, Australian and New Zealand, and American specifications. The first part of the chapter introduces the deflection limit requirements specified in design procedures for satisfying the serviceability limit state conditions. This is followed by a review of the design procedures recommended in the specifications for composite slabs, beams, and columns. Particular attention is devoted to reviewing design methodologies for the calculation of the displacements, for detailing, and for control of concrete cracking.</p>
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Grundlingh, Marizanne, i Albert Grundlingh. "Fractured Fandom and Paradoxical Passions: Explaining Support for New Zealand All Black Rugby Teams in South Africa, 1960–2018". W Sport and Apartheid South Africa, 177–92. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003205272-11.
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Cooper, G. J. "Mental Health Management in New Zealand". W Biomedical Knowledge Management, 253–66. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-266-4.ch018.
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This chapter outlines the approach to mental health care developed and currently being implemented by Pathways New Zealand for reducing disease risk factors in patients treated for mental health problems. Pathways New Zealand was formed in 1989 following the closure of the major mental service facility for the Waikato-Hauraki Region of New Zealand, Tokonui Hospital. Since that time Pathways has grown to a national level service offering services to its clients ranging from 24-hour supported accommodation, through healthy lifestyles programs, to outcomes based services including patient access to and involvement in the management of their medical and personal history data (ICAN). Gavin Cooper, Pathways Housing Management Coordinator for the Waikato-Hauraki Region, in conjunction with the Waikato Institute of Technology (WINTEC) has developed a holistic system for the treatment of environmentally induced mental illness that includes chemical treatment, exercise programs, self-help training and community support. The results of a two year program of research into the impact of this program are reported on in this chapter, and its suitability for wider adoption discussed. These comments are partly based on research statistics provided by the Centre for Sports Exercise Science (WINTEC) and Mike Dove, Team Leader Residential, Pathways.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Mađanović, Milica, Cameron Moore i Renata Jadresin Milic. "The Role of Architectural History Research: Auckland’s NZI Building as William Gummer’s Attempt at Humanity". W The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4007piywz.
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In response to the third thematic sub-stream of the 38th Annual SAHANZ Conference, this paper will discuss the role of architectural research in the architecture of Gummer and Ford, the Auckland-based practice, often described as one of the most prolific bureaus in interwar New Zealand. The paper is a fraction of a three-staged project, “Gummer and Ford,” developed by a team of researchers from the Unitec Institute of Technology in response to an event recognised as a milestone in the New Zealand architectural calendar – the 2023 centenary of the firm’s establishment. This paper explores the design principles of William Gummer, the principal designer of the firm. From 1914 to 1935, Gummer consistently published his view that the goal of the architect was to cater to humanity’s highest instincts. He was unwavering but vague on how this is achieved; through composition, unity, contrast, proportion and scale, appropriate use of materials is all needed to produce buildings of good character. But what did he really mean by this? A close reading of three books Gummer considered invaluable to architectural students – The Essentials of Composition as Applied to Art by John Vredenburgh Van Pelt, Architectural Composition by Nathaniel Cortlandt Curtis, and The Mistress Art by Reginald Bloomfield – offers a direct insight into the influences behind his thinking about architecture and his architectural production. Directly traceable to Gummer, the three titles include clear, precise instructions on both the functional and artistic nature of architectural design. Interestingly, this paper employs a method not dissimilar to Gummer’s design method. These books taken together, along with Gummer’s own writing, a study of renderings and construction drawings, and close observation of the buildings, an architectural analysis of Gummer’s work becomes possible – it is what Gummer himself referred to as Architectural Research. This historically focused study will bring a new perspective to understanding the value and contribution of traditional architects, not only in New Zealand but other English-speaking countries.
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Grant, Angus, i Peter Raisbeck. "A Selective Digital History: Limitations within Digitisation Practices and their Implications". W The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4013phyct.
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The Greg Burgess Archive (GBA) is perhaps the most complete, and arguably the most valuable architectural practice archive in Australia. However, its physical size presents a problem to both visibility, and longevity, and plans are in place to digitise the collection. While in storage at Avington, Victoria, an archival team – including Burgess himself – have begun repairing the 447 models, scanning the hundreds of tubes of drawings, and extracting data from countless obsolete media. Yet how reasonable is it to assume the efficacy of a program of digitisation? What are the implications for an objective architectural historiography if the process fails? Precipitated by difficulties in accurately digitising Burgess’ intricate physical models, this piece explores both questions. Firstly, the digitisation process for the GBA acts as a case study. Then, the technical limitations encountered are placed within a wider context of archival concerns in today’s diverse, digital age. These archival concerns are recognised in the eliding of ephemeral archival material – bodies, experiences, spoken histories – all of which may elude Western archival frameworks. What is illustrated here is that the same underrepresentation may extend into digitised collections, and that what is omitted is precisely the contents of the GBA – intricate, tectonic objects which do not conform to the idiosyncrasies of the technology at hand. The subsequent discussion then proceeds to advance, and explicate, the notion of the third object. Curation, then, is surrendered to the archival process itself, and the agency to reify our material history is at risk of being left to the machines, and their preference for certain types of ethnocultural artifact. Considering this, alternative strategies are presented for both the GBA and institutions at large, yet archivists and historians must be conscious of these limitations, or risk the failings of traditional, institutional archival systems spreading throughout a growing digital landscape.
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Smith, Valance, James Smith-Harvey i Sebastian Vidal Bustamante. "Ako for Niños: An animated children’s series bridging migrant participation and intercultural co-design to bring meaningful Tikanga to Tauiwi". W LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.142.
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This presentation advances a case study for an ongoing intercultural animation project which seeks to meaningfully educate New Zealand Tauiwi (the country's diverse groups, including migrants and refugees) on the values, customs and protocols (Tikanga) of Māori (the indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand). Ako For Niños (‘education for children’), implemented by a migrant social services organisation and media-design team, introduces Latin American Tauiwi to Tikanga through an animated children’s series, developed with a community short story writing competition and co-design with a kaitiaki (Māori guardian/advisor). Māori are recognised in Te Tiriti o Waitangi (the founding document of New Zealand) as partners with Pākeha (European New Zealanders), and Māori knowledge and Tikanga are important to society and culture in Aotearoa. Notwithstanding, there has been a historic lack of attention paid to developing meaningful understandings of Māori perspectives for New Zealand Tauiwi. Ako For Niños endeavours to address current shortages of engaging resources on Māori worldviews for Tauiwi communities, create opportunities for Tauiwi to benefit from Māori epistemologies, and foster healthy community relationships between Māori and Latin American Tauiwi. Through the project’s short story competition, Tauiwi were given definitions of Tikanga through a social media campaign, then prompted to write a children’s tale based on one of these in their native language. This encouraged Tauiwi to gain deeper comprehension of Māori values, and interpret Tikanga into their own expressions. Three winning entries were selected, then adapted into stop-motion and 2D animations. By converting the stories into aesthetically pleasing animated episodes, the Tikanga and narratives could be made more captivating for young audiences and families, appealing to the senses and emotions through visual storytelling, sound-design, and music. The media-design team worked closely with a kaitiaki during this process to better understand and communicate the Tikanga, adapting and co-designing the narratives in a culturally safe process. This ensured Māori knowledge, values, and interests were disseminated in correct and respectful ways. We argue for the importance of creative participation of Tauiwi, alongside co-design with Māori to produce educational intercultural design projects on Māori worldviews. Creative participation encourages new cultural knowledge to be imaginatively transliterated into personal interpretations and expressions of Tauiwi, allowing indigenous perspectives to be made more meaningful. This meaningful engagement with Māori values, which are more grounded in relational and human-centred concepts, can empower Tauiwi to feel more cared for and interconnected with their new home and culture. Additionally, co-design with Māori can help to honour Te Tiriti, and create spaces where Tauiwi, Pākeha and Māori interface in genuine partnership with agency (rangatiratanga), enhancing the credibility and value of outcomes. This session unpacks the contexts informing, and methods undertaken to develop the series, presenting current outcomes and expected directions (including a screening and exhibition). We will also highlight potential for the methodology to be applied in new ways in future, such as with other Tauiwi communities, different cultural knowledge, and increased collaborative co-design with Māori.
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Webster, Dillon. "Written into Existence: Publications and the Perceived Narratives of Gregory Burgess’s Architecture". W The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3991p9ifg.
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This research contributes to the influential work of Melbourne-based Architect, Gregory Burgess. Awarded the RAIA Gold Medal in 2004, Burgess is best known for celebrating human values through design and for his spiritual methodologies, organic aesthetic, and work with Indigenous landowners. While Burgess has initiated very little writing, his work has been the focus of numerous articles published within a variety of journals, newsletters, magazines, and books including those from the construction industry which are often overlooked in journalistic reviews. This paper investigates discussions of architecture in publications through lenses such as intended audiences and physical medium, which consequentially develop narratives and form perceived relationships between an architectural project, an architect, and reader. Conducted as archival research within Gregory Burgess’s anthology of saved publications, the examination and cataloguing of over 230 publications that mention him and his work date from 1979-2013. The breadth of the collection provides publications which range from local timber fabrication companies to Russian journals reviewing organic architecture, the majority in which the architect and the work was discussed without consultation from the design team. As a robust collection was maintained by the architect himself, general issues of discovering and accessing publications including those which fall within the digital dark age can be accessed and provide a fuller historical perception of the built work. The discussions of and narratives formed within this literature portray Burgess and his work in conscientious manners through the written word targeted for specific audiences: the construction industry, the trained architect, and members of the general public. Often, rather than contributing to architectural journalism or critique in a meaningful way, prominent projects and their broader themes become a vehicle for the author to promote their own voice and ideas. The findings argue that the different relationships an author has experiencing an architectural space demonstrates a broader picture of the architectural industry and the ways that historical publications can generate a perception of a designer and their designs.
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Waldin, Jeremy, i Ben Baty. "Recovering the Waiho – Emergency response and recovery of the Waiho River Bailey Bridge". W IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0537.
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<p>Waiho – (verb) (-ngia,-tia) <i>to let be, leave alone, put, place, ignore.</i></p><p>SH6 Waiho Bailey Bridge is located just south of Franz Josef township in the South Island of New Zealand and is a critical connection for the West Coast. The Bailey bridge was first constructed in 1990 and has since been raised and extended three times due to significant aggradation of the riverbed. During a massive storm event on March 26, 2019 the northern abutment and northern- most pier were washed out leading to collapse of several spans of the bridge. The cost caused by the loss of the bridge was estimated to be in the order of $2-3M per day. Consequently, there was intense pressure on Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency to restore access across the river.</p><p>As Team Leader and Deputy Team Leader of the West Coast Bridge Management Contract, Jeremy Waldin and Ben Baty led the $6.5M emergency recovery managing an emergency response team which worked across multiple organisations to recover this 170m long bridge in just 18 days.</p>
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Besen, Priscila. "Co-designing collective housing for a regenerative future: Lessons from Indigenous communities in Aotearoa New Zealand and South America". W LINK 2023. Tuwhera Open Access, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2022.v4i1.199.
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Since moving to Aotearoa New Zealand, I have been attempting to learn about Mātauranga Māori and understand how we can embed values from local cultures and traditional knowledges into the design of our future built environments. These learnings help me rethink architectural design and pedagogy not only here, but also in my home country, Brazil, and the wider South American context. In the global context of climate and ecological crises, Indigenous knowledge can help us learn to live lives with a closer connection to the natural environment, to be mindful of the use of natural resources and to be more collective-oriented. Indigenous perspectives are important in our transition to a regenerative future, where we aim to go beyond sustainability to create positive impacts for ecology, health and society. In this context, I have been working with a team of researchers from Auckland University of Technology and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, on a project investigating co-design practices to develop better housing models with Indigenous communities. Indigenous concepts of ‘home’ are multidimensional and often extend beyond the physical and social environments where people live. Although there are diverse cultures across the world, fundamental ideals of ‘home’ are shared amongst many Indigenous communities, such as relationships that connect a person to all that surrounds them, connections to other people, living beings, land, ancestors, stories, languages, and traditions. Most housing options in colonised countries have tended to promote values of individualisation, private property rights and nuclear family units; public housing policies and architectural designs have often been imposed on indigenous communities based on non-indigenous ideals of good housing. However, more recently, these original values and collective forms of living have been re-emerging across the globe, with many successful examples of new collective housing co-designed with Indigenous communities. This presentation will share findings from this research carried out in Aotearoa New Zealand and South America, which investigates contemporary housing solutions co-designed with Indigenous communities. Case studies from different countries are explored, and interviews with architects reveal key lessons learned in participatory practices with residents. The findings show differences and similarities across the Pacific, highlighting key valuable shared principles that can be applied to all forms of housing for a regenerative future, such as multigenerational relationships, connection to the natural environment, shared spaces and resources and initiatives to create a real sense of community. The lessons learned about co-design processes can be valuable for designers working with collective housing in the Global South and other areas across the globe.
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Caponnetto, Mario, Alessandro Castelli, Philippe Dupont, Bernard Bonjour, Pierre-Louis Mathey, Stephane Sanchi i Mark L. Sawley. "Sailing Yacht Design Using Advanced Numerical Flow Techniques". W SNAME 14th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-1999-008.
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The 30th America's Cup will be held in New Zealand, commencing in October 1999. For the first time a Swiss team, the FAST2000 Challenge of the Club Nautique Morgien, will compete. Three laboratories of the EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne) are collaborating with FAST2000 in the design of the boat that will race in the Cup challenges. Present-day design of IACC racing yachts relies on the use of numerical flow simulations to obtain a competitive edge. The computation of the complex hydrodynamic and aerodynamic flows around sailing yachts provides valuable information to supplement the more conventional empirical and experimental design techniques. Such flow simulations, however, are extremely challenging and thus often require stateof-the-art numerical techniques and computer technology. A number of the issues critical to IACC yacht design are discussed, and various approaches described to address them through the use of advanced numerical flow simulation.
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Smith, P., i W. Biggs. "Securing interoperable and integrated command and control of unmanned systems – building on the successes of Unmanned Warrior". W 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.066.
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The objective of more complete integration of unmanned vehicles into maritime command and control systems has been set out in previous papers, as has the progress made through the MAPLE (Maritime Autonomous Platform Exploitation) and the demonstrations undertaken at Unmanned Warrior in 2016. This paper details the significant progress that has subsequently been achieved in the fourth phase of MAPLE, in the run up to a further set of demonstrations in Australia in late 2018. Using a comprehensive synthetic environment and a process of iterative development, the ACER (Autonomy Control Exploitation and Realisation) demonstrator is being updated to include new functionality that closes gaps in the MAPLE visionary Persistent Architecture (PA). Specifically this will introduce enhanced Situational Awareness for the operator during Mission Execution, providing details of UxV asset and payload status. Additional functionality will also provide Payload control. Summarising these developments and outlining their significance, the paper will give illustrations of potential applications. Ahead of the Australian Wizard of Aus demonstrations, under the multinational technology co-operation programme (TTCP) and part of Autonomous Warrior, the MAPLE team will further support the STANAG 4586 interface and will undertake derisking work in preparation for the integration of TTCP vehicles provided by Australia, New Zealand and the US. The paper outlines the relevance of this development and how it will be utilised in the Australian demonstration. Finally, the paper will look forward to the developments planned in both future phase of MAPLE and under QinetiQ’s participation with the multinational EU Ocean 2020 programme.
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Probine, Sarah, Jo Perry i Yo Heta-Lensen. "Cultivating whanaungatanga and collaboration: Exploring the impact of inquiry-based project learning on kaiako and tamariki in early childhood education in Aotearoa". W Rangahau: Te Mana o te Mahi Kotahitanga / Research: The Power of Collaboration. Unitec/MIT Research Symposium 2022. Unitec ePress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/proc.2301002.
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This paper examines the role of collaboration in inquiry-based project work in early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand. It draws upon findings from a research project exploring how inquiry-based project learning has been interpreted and undertaken in early childhood settings in this context. Inquiry-based project learning is a collaborative approach, underpinned by sociocultural theories, that supports a democratic view. The study is positioned in an interpretivist qualitative paradigm and is informed by sociocultural theories. A narrative inquiry approach informed the study design. Phase One of the project, which comprised a national questionnaire sent to all early childhood centres registered on the national ECE data base was completed in 2021. Phase Two, underway at the time of writing this paper, has involved a small number of purposively selected early childhood settings. At each of these settings, data collection has comprised an interview with the teaching team about their pedagogical frameworks, key influences and teaching practices, and a period of classroom observations focused on a current inquiry. Analysis of the data suggests that collaboration is cultivated when kaiako (teachers) prioritise whanaungatanga (sustaining connections and relationships) and have spent time developing pedagogical practices resulting in shared understandings surrounding inquiry-based project work. The impact of collaboration on the learning of tamariki (children) is demonstrated by a series of vignettes from the Phase Two data, demonstrating that developing a collaborative learning culture of inquiry fosters reciprocity, connection, theory making and problem solving.
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Forbes, Sharleen. "Statistics education in new zealand, and its influence on the iase". W Statistics education for Progress: Youth and Official Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.13403.
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For some time, New Zealand has been leading the world in terms of the focus and scope of its statistics curriculum in schools. The curriculum is characterised by its data handling, and in more recent years, data visualisation approach. In 2013 bootstrapping and randomisation will be added to the curriculum achievement objectives for the senior secondary school (Ministry of Education, 2012). This paper gives an historical perspective of the people and groups that have influenced the development of the New Zealand curriculum and outlines the influence and impact of some of these New Zealanders, such as Professors David Vere-Jones and Chris Wild together with Maxine Pfannkuch and John Harraway, on the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE). The roles of both the IASE and the local professional statisticians’ association, the New Zealand Statistical Association (NZSA), are discussed together with the possible long-term impact of new statistical literacy based school curriculum in New Zealand on tertiary statistics teaching.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Team New Zealand"
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Alach, Zhivan. Grounding Practice in Theory: The Development of a Literature-based Performance Framework in New Zealand Local Government. Unitec ePress, maj 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.058.
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Performance measurement is a subject of some importance within the public sector. This study examines the design and development of a performance measurement framework within a local government department. It used a narrative case study approach to follow the process used by the design team involved. The design team began by examining the performance literature at a number of levels, and from this distilled eight design principles, from which they built a performance measurement framework. The design team encountered a number of challenges during this process; challenges they expected based on the literature. From the experiences of the design team, a number of hypotheses suitable for further testing have been derived. This study provides useful advice for performance measurement professionals within the public sector in developing frameworks grounded in theory, whether at the central or local government level.
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Douglas, Thomas, Lauren Bosche, Edith Martinez-Guerra, Caitlin Tibbetts, Orian Welling, Clint Smith, Justine Yu, Kevin Bjella i John Woods. International Workshop on Cold Regions Defense Infrastructure : 13–15 September 2022, Hanover, New Hampshire. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47422.
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The Inaugural International Workshop on Cold Regions Defense Infrastructure united engineers and scientists of the US Department of Defense with defense representatives from the other nations comprising the International Cooperative Engagement Program for Polar Research (ICE-PPR): Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and New Zealand. Through the ICE-PPR Memorandum of Understanding, Project Arrangements (PAs) enable the seven nations to share measurements, models, and access to research sites and facilities. The goal of the workshop was to work as a coherent team to identify needs and develop PAs for three major topic areas: infrastructure, water/wastewater, and energy. Increasing interest in earth’s polar regions necessitates identifying capabilities and gaps for these critical mission-relevant topic areas.
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Kotula, Hannah. Valuing forest ecosystem services in New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2022.11.
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Society depends on services and benefits provided by ecosystems. Yet, many of our actions affect ecosystems in ways that undermine long-term human wellbeing. Although ecosystems provide many services to society, many of these services are not accounted for in land-use decisions. The concept of “ecosystem services” offers a framework for understanding our dependence on nature and can encourage decision makers to consider broader impacts of land-use decisions beyond short-term economic rewards. Furthermore, economic valuation of ecosystem services offers a potential strategy for including the value of ecosystem services in decision making. Here I describe several ecosystem service frameworks and outline how these frameworks can inform land-use decisions, with a particular focus on those involving forests. I then describe methods for valuing ecosystem services. Following this, I provide examples relating to forest ecosystem services and draw conclusions based on existing valuation studies in New Zealand. My intention is to convey how an ecosystem service approach could be used in New Zealand to capture benefits provided by ecosystems that are often not accounted for in land-use decisions.
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Robinson, Richard N. S., Matt Brenner, Tin Doan, Nik Steffens, Jason Lodge i Shelagh Mooney. The Mental Health and Wellbeing of Chefs in Commercial Kitchens: An Australasian Study. Auckland University of Technology, grudzień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/10292/17072.
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Following earlier qualitative research on chefs’ mental health and wellbeing from some members of the project team, this Australasian study sought to complement that work but also to quantify aspects of chefs’ wellbeing in the mid and post COVID-19 context. Surveys were disseminated via various channels, including peak culinary associations, educator networks and social media. After data cleansing, 300 completed surveys were retained for analysis: 226 from Australian and 74 from New Zealand / Aotearoa. Highest participation rates were from culinarians with less than three years cooking experience and those with greater than 21 years in professional kitchens. There was a higher education level than expected from respondents, which may be a self-selection bias in terms of willingness to complete a technical survey. Generally, the Australian and New Zealand / Aotearoa economic, social and industrial contexts are similar. Given this and due to the higher number of Australian respondents, we have benchmarked some findings to the Australian general population. Highlights from the findings showed a high rate of presenteeism, that is ‘working when sick’, which is disconcerting in the mid and post-COVID-19 context. The sample generally reported characteristics associated with poor lifestyle and health habits. These included low consumption of breakfast, low rates of regular to moderate levels of exercise, a less than recommended number of hours slept on a work night, and negative perceptions of their sleep quality. Interestingly, this contrasted with generally high self-reported perceptions of respondents’ own overall health. Other lifestyle factors did not match respondent’s optimistic views about their health. Higher rates of tobacco smoking than in the Australian and New Zealand / Aotearoa general population were reported. The alcohol consumption rates of the chef respondents were generally in line with those reported for the general population of Australia, with a few exceptions. For instance, nearly 7% of the chefs noted drinking daily in comparison to the rate of 5% for the general population. Similarly, 18% of the chefs reported drinking 1-2 days a week which is slightly higher than the rate of 17% reported for the general population of Australia. Similarly, 15% of the chefs indicated consuming alcohol 3-4 days a week which is higher than the rate of 11% reported for the general population of Australia. Finally, the general population chose to abstain from alcohol at a much higher rate (23%) than the nearly 15% reported by the chef respondents. Contrarily, cannabis use for non-medical purposes amongst the chefs was considerably lower than the general population. Similarly low rates of consumption were reported for a range of other illicit drugs. The survey included numerous scientific measures for individual wellbeing, organisational factors and outcomes. Although overall individual wellbeing, according to several measures, for the sample was in the lower range of normal, a fifth of the sample showed poorer outcomes which brought the overall rating down. Resilience among chefs was also lower than average.
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Hall, David. Adaptation Finance: Risks and Opportunities for Aotearoa New Zealand. Mōhio Research and Auckland University of Technology (AUT), listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/10292/15670.
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Methodology: This report was developed through the co-design process of Mōhio’s Climate Innovation Lab, a fixed-term initiative which works with stakeholders to envision financial instruments to mobilise capital for climate-aligned projects and activities. A working paper was prepared through international market scanning and a review of primary and secondary literature on climate adaptation. This working paper became the basis for a workshop with local experts and stakeholders to test the viability of potential instruments in light of Aotearoa New Zealand’s unique cultural, biophysical and regulatory context. The workshop included participants from finance services, insurance, institutional investment, academia and local and central government observers. These insights were reincorporated into this final concept paper. Mōhio would like to thank the workshop participants for their time and expertise.
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Norris, Adele. Thesis review: The storytellers: Identity narratives by New Zealand African youth – participatory visual methodological approach to situating identity, migration and representation by Makanaka Tuwe. Unitec ePress, październik 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/thes.revw4318.
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This fascinating and original work explores the experiences of third-culture children of African descent in New Zealand. The term ‘third-culture kid’ refers to an individual who grows up in a culture different from the culture of their parents. Experiences of youth of African descent is under-researched in New Zealand. The central research focus explores racialised emotions internalised by African youth that are largely attributed to a lack of positive media representation of African and/or black youth, coupled with daily experiences of micro-aggressions and structural racism. In this respect, the case-study analysis is reflective of careful, methodological and deliberative analysis, which offers powerful insights into the grass-roots strategies employed by African youth to resist negative stereotypes that problematise and marginalise them politically and economically.
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong i Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.
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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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Williams, Sarah. Silos and Systems. Auckland University of Technology, listopad 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/10292/16947.
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Executive Summary Education and health are interrelated. Education is positively associated with health behaviours, life expectancy, and morbidity and is an established social determinant of health. However, for learning to occur, children must be healthy, ready, and able. All too frequently, ill-health compromises learning and school attendance, leading to long-term negative consequences throughout life. Positioning health services alongside schools, and upholding collaborative intersectoral working, has positively impacted education and health outcomes for children and young people internationally. In New Zealand, however, the education and health sectors work in silo with no formal directive to do otherwise. Achieving and maintaining inter-sectoral collaboration is therefore challenging, piecemeal, and time-consuming. It is further complicated by system structure, competing priorities, and differing perspectives of the two sectors and those working within them. This multicase study of three urban primary schools explored the relationship between school staff and health services and the influences on this relationship. The study focused on the experiences and perspectives of participant principals, teachers, teacher aides, administrative staff, and Special Educational Needs Co-ordinators (SENCO) working with health services. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and reviews of staff professional development and other related learning opportunities. The findings highlighted the uncoordinated working relationship between the health and education sectors in New Zealand and the current barriers to achieving workable, inter-sectoral collaboration. This study has confirmed the need for better inter-sector alignment while acknowledging the interdependence of both sectors. Collaborative inter-sectoral work between education and health is critical. The findings from this study recommend developing and implementing a national policy enabling these sectors to work together to achieve optimal education and health outcomes for children and young people in New Zealand.
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Abrahamson, Norman, i Zeynep Gülerce. Regionalized Ground-Motion Models for Subduction Earthquakes Based on the NGA-SUB Database. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ssxe9861.
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A set of global and region-specific ground-motion models (GMMs) for subduction zone earthquakes is developed based on the database compiled by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) Next Generation Attenuation - Subduction (NGA-SUB) project. The subset of the NGA-SUB database used to develop the GMMs includes 3914 recordings from 113 subduction interface earthquakes with magnitudes varying between 5 and 9.2 and 4850 recordings from 89 intraslab events with magnitudes varying between 5 and 7.8. Recordings in the back-arc region are excluded, except for the Cascadia region. The functional form of the model accommodates the differences in the magnitude, distance, and depth scaling for interface and intraslab earthquakes. The magnitude scaling and geometrical spreading terms of the global model are used for all regions, with the exception of the Taiwan region which has a region-specific geometrical spreading scaling. Region-specific terms are included for the large distance (linear R) scaling, VS30 scaling, Z2.5 scaling, and the constant term. The nonlinear site amplification factors used in Abrahamson et al. (2016) subduction GMM are adopted. The between-event standard deviation piece of the aleatory variability model is region and distance independent; whereas, the within-event standard deviations are both region and distance dependent. Region-specific GMMs are developed for seven regions: Alaska, Cascadia, Central America, Japan, New Zealand, South America, and Taiwan. These region-specific GMMs are judged to be applicable to sites in the fore-arc region at distances up to 500 km, magnitudes of 5.0 to 9.5, and periods from 0 to 10 sec. For the Cascadia region, the region-specific model is applicable to distances of 800 km including the back-arc region. For the sites that are not in one of the seven regions, the global GMM combined with the epistemic uncertainty computed from the range of the regional GMMs should be used.
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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust i Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, październik 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.